长白山阔叶红松林冬季雪面蒸发特征

长白山阔叶红松林冬季雪面蒸发特征

*

李辉东1,2

　关德新

1**

　王安志1

　吴家兵1

　金昌杰1

　施婷婷

3

(1森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110164;2中国科学院大学,北京100049;3南京信息工程大学,南京210044)

摘　要　利用2002 2005年冬季积雪期涡度相关水汽通量和微气象观测资料,对长白山阔叶红松林雪面蒸发动态及其与气象因子的关系进行分析.结果表明:该涡度相关观测系统积雪期能量平衡闭合度为79.9%,潜热通量占净辐射的21.4%.研究期间,该区蒸发日变化呈单峰曲线形式,蒸发速率在融雪期大于稳定积雪期.30min 平均蒸发速率与净辐射呈线性关系,与气温呈二次曲线关系;蒸发日总量与净辐射呈二次曲线关系,与气温呈指数关系.积雪期蒸发日总量呈下降⁃稳定⁃上升的动态变化趋势,且上升期>下降期>稳定期,蒸发日总量最大值为0.73mm ㊃d -1,最小值为0.004mm ㊃d -1.2002 2003㊁2003 2004和2004 2005年积雪期蒸发总量分别为27.6㊁25.5和22.9mm ,占同期降水量的37.9%㊁19.5%和30.0%,平均蒸发日总量分别为0.17㊁0.19和0.17mm ㊃d -1.关键词　涡度相关　雪面蒸发　潜热　日变化　气象因子

文章编号　1001-9332(2013)04-1039-08　中图分类号　P464;S715　文献标识码　A Characteristics of evaporation over broadleaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains ,Northeast China during snow cover period in winter.LI Hui⁃dong 1,2,GUAN De⁃xin 1,WANG An⁃zhi 1,WU Jia⁃bing 1,JIN Chang⁃jie 1,SHI Ting⁃ting 3(1State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology ,Institude of Applied Ecology ,Chinese Academy of Sciences ,Shenyang 110164,China ;2

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences ,Beijing 100049,China ;3Nanjing University of Informa⁃tion Science &Technology ,Nanjing 210044,China ).⁃Chin.J.Appl.Ecol .,2013,24(4):1039-1046.

Abstract :Based on the measurement data of water vapor flux by open⁃path eddy covariance system and of the micrometeorological factors in broad⁃leaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains during the snow cover period from 2002to 2005,this paper analyzed the dynamics of snow cover evaporation and the relationships between the evaporation and meteorological factors.The energy balanced ratio during the snow cover period was 79.9%,and the latent heat flux accounted for 21.4%of net radiation.The diurnal variation of the evaporation presented a single⁃peak curve,and the evaporation rate during snow⁃melting period was higher than that during stable snow cover peri⁃od.The half⁃hour evaporation presented liner relationship with net radiation and quadratic relation⁃ship with air temperature.The daily evaporation presented quadratic relationship with net radiation and exponential relationship with air temperature.The daily evaporation presented a dynamic trend of decreasing⁃stable⁃increasing,with the maximum at increasing stage and the minimum at stable stage.The maximum value of the daily evaporation was 0.73mm㊃d -1,and the minimum value was 0.004mm㊃d -1.During the snow cover periods of 2002-2003,2003-2004and 2004-2005,the annual evaporation was 27.6,25.5,and 22.9mm,accounting for 37.9%,19.5%,and 30.0%of the precipitation in the same periods,respectively.The mean value of the daily evaporation in the three periods was 0.17,0.19,and 0.17mm㊃d -1,respectively.

Key words :eddy covariance;snow evaporation;latent heat;diurnal variation;meteorological factor.

*国家自然科学基金项目(41105112,31240041,31070546,30970483)资助.**通讯作者.E⁃mail:dxguan@ 2012⁃09⁃25收稿,2013⁃01⁃28接受.

应用生态学报　2013年4月　第24卷　第4期 Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,Apr.2013,24(4):1039-1046