大学英语四级写作资料(第二期题型)

大学英语四级写作资料

一、大学英语四级考试大纲（2006 修订版）对写作的要求

写作选用考生所熟悉的题材。考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等，写出一篇不少于120词的短文。写作要求是思想表达准确、意义连贯、无严重语法错误。考试时间30分钟。

写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作，思想表达准确、意义连贯、无重大语法错误。写作部分考核的技能是：

A.思想表达

1.表达中心思想

2.表达重要或特定信息

3.表达观点、态度等

B.篇章组织

4.围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点

5.连贯地组句成段，组段成篇

C.语言运用

6.运用恰当的词汇

7.运用正确的语法

8.运用合适的句子结构

9.使用正确的标点符号

10.运用衔接手段表达句间关系（如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等）

D.写作格式

11.运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式

大学英语四级考试写作部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中的一般要求，即“能完成一般性写作任务，能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等，能写常见的应用文，能就一般性话题或提纲在半小时内写出至少120词的短文，内容基本完整，用词恰当，语意连贯。能掌握基本的写作技能。”

二、四级考试写作评分标准

（1）本题满分为15分。

（2）阅卷标准共分四等：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷1-2份。

（3）阅卷人根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分数（即8分）；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，则可以加一分（即9分）或减一分（即7分）。但不得加或减半分。

（4）评分标准

•2分：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或绝大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。•5分：基本切题。思想表达不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语法错误。

•8分：基本切题。思想表达清楚，文章尚连贯，但语法错误较多，其中有一些是严重错误。•11分：切题。思想表达清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语法错误。

•14分：切题。思想表达清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语法错误。仅有个别小错误。

•注：白卷、所写内容与题目毫不相关或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。（5）字数不足应酌情扣分。

题目中给出主题句、起始句和结束句，均不得记入所写字数。

只写一段者：0-4分；只写两段者，0-9分（指规定三段的作文）

（6）各档作文相当于百分制的得分，列表如下，称为得分率。其中9分的得分率为60分（相当于百分制的60分）。

三、四级考试作文最低分规定

教育部高等教育司及全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会，于1996年11月作出了“大学英语作文将要从1997年6月开始实行英语作文最低分”的若干规定。具体记分方法如下：

1. 根据目前考生的作文均值，将作文分的最低分定为6分。

2. 作文分为0分，总分若高于60分，报分时一律作为59分不及格处理；若低于60分，报分时一律再减6分；

3. 作文分大于0分，小于6分，则按下式计算成绩：

例（1）原计算总分为63分，实得作文分为2分，最后报分：63-6+2=59分

例（2）原计算总分为80分，实得作文分为4分，最后报分：63-6+4=78分

例（3）原计算总分为55分，实得作文分为3分，最后报分：55-6+3=52分

四、本期训练重点题型（期末考试题型）

体裁：论说文

模式：

1、现象分析型

现象分析型作文主要是以当前社会上存在的热门现象为话题，如98年1月的“My View on Fake Commodities”，03年1月的“It Pays to Be Honest”，05年6月的“Say No to Pirated Products”等等。由此可见，标题的核心大都是当今社会存在的某种问题，如“假冒伪劣产品”、“盗版”等。面对此种作文，在描述现象之后，则可能具体分析该现象产生的根源（原因）、影响（正面影响和/或负面影响）、解决方案或发展方向等。那么，具体从哪一方面入手，如何组织文章的内容，详略如何布局等问题，则需要根据具体的提纲而定。

例如：

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:

1.上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间: 1990年（2 hours）、1995年(4 hours)、2002年(14 hours)，请描述其变化；

2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；

3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。

[参考范文] Student Use of Computers

Students tend to use computers more and more nowadays. Reading this chart, we can find that the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week has increased sharply.

In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours; while in 2000, the number soared to 20 hours.

Obviously computers are becoming more and more popular. There are several reasons for this. First, computers facilitate us in more aspects of life. Also, the fast development of the Internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact with friends in remote places through the Internet. Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables more students to purchase them.

Along with the time spent on computers, there arise some problems. The most serious one is that many students are spending so much time playing PC games so that they ignore their studies. It is urgent to let the students use computers in a proper way.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1．当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象

2．诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实

[参考范文] It Pays to Be Honest

Honesty is a cherished Chinese traditional virtue. But nowadays there are many dishonest cases in society. Some businessmen cheat their customers for higher profits. Some employees cheat their bosses for higher positions. Some people cheat their friends for more money. Even some government officials cheat their people for more interests. These phenomena anger every person of integrity. Then, why do they come into being?

This may be because these people believe that nobody will find out their dishonesty. However, eventually their customers will come to purchase their products no more, their bosses will dismiss them, their friends no longer help them in case of their crisis, and their people will remove them from office. They pay the price for their own behavior. Therefore, everyone should

1．有些大学校园浪费现象日益严重

2．浪费的危害

3．杜绝浪费，从我做起

Reduce Waste on Campus

Nowadays, there is an increasingly serious phenomenon on campus-waste. Rows of lights glare in studentless classrooms, residue of rice and dishes jam in the waste buckets, taps of water weep with nobody doing washing around...

Such sights are so common yet so serious that it is high time that they were eliminated, because now we are living in a world short of fresh water and it is not exaggerating to say that every drop of water is precious. And although many of us don't have to worry about lack of food any more, there are still millions who are starving somewhere in the world. If we do not cherish things we have today, sooner or later we will be short of them, since many resources cannot be recycled.

To reduce waste on campus, everyone should discipline himself: Turn off the light when you are the last to leave the classroom. Use metal or plastic chopsticks instead of disposable