大学英语语法课程简介

(二)培养语态意识：
My teacher praised me. 等于： I was praised by my teacher.
• 有人告诉我知识就是力量 • Someone has told me that knowledge is
power.
• I have been told that knowledge is power.
• 定语
1)形容词作定语 **I love (diligent) people. 2)动形词(动词的形容词化)作定语 **I know the smiling girl. **I know the abandoned girl. **I know the girl to marry you. 3)限定形容词性从句(限定性定语从句)作定语 **I know the girl who was hurt by her loyalty .
problems. However, he tries his best to maintain a balance between work and family.
宏观：句法及谓语内涵（灵魂）
微观：词法
英语语法宏观研究
第一篇：核心篇
• 核心动词理论： 任何英语书面句式都是
由三类核心动词（主核心，次核心和小核 心）链接而成；每个句子都最少包含一个 主核心动词作谓语，并且都有无限扩大的 可能。这就是核心动词理论。
Байду номын сангаас
• 状语
1) 副词作状语 **Suddenly ,I turned around my head. 2）动副词（动词的副词化）作状语 **Seeing her gloomy face, I felt a pain in my heart. **To make you feel confident, I intend to dress myself terribly. **Forced by the public talk, the governor made a public apology. 3）副词性从句（状语从句）作状语 **Because she begged me once and once again, I have kept the secret.
Dad smiled at me. Dad smiled at me, wishing me a great success. Dad smiled at me when i left home, wishing me a great success. Though he uttered no words, Dad smiled at me when i left home, wishing me a great success. Though he uttered no words, Dad smiled at me when i left home, wishing me a great success, and then he stood there seeing me off. ......
第三篇：灵魂篇
• 时态意识 • 语态意识
• 语气意识 • 语言内涵的模糊性
(一)培养时态意识：
Do you love me? --well, I did. 我曾经爱过
Afghanistan--The Land That was
阿富汗--逝去的圣土
• 翻译：我把她送回家了 • I have walked her home. • I walked her home.
实例二： 只要我们坚持努力学习，到时候我们就会 完成掌握英语的任务。 翻译： So long as we keep working hard on it, we would in due course accomplish the task of mastering English. 分析：So long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.
实例四：每天他都要解决各种各样的问题,然而他还 是尽力兼顾工作和家庭。 翻译：Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems, however, he tries his best to maintain a balance between work and family. 分析：Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of
二、纵向层次性
• 主语（宾语）
1)名词作主语 **Friendship matters . 2)动名词(动词的名词化)作主语 **Meeting you is my gift from God . **To love you is to love myself . 3)名词性从句作主语 **What’s done by night appears by day.
实例三：大学毕业之后，我抽出了些时间去 旅游，这被证明是个明智的选择。 翻译：After graduating from college, I took some time off to go traveling, it turned out to be a wise decision. 分析：After graduating from college, I took some time off to go traveling, which turned out to be a wise decision.
起点与终点（实质没变）
• 高考阅读
• 译文：
通过手机或其他移动设备发出精确而又及时 的警告的能力是我们努力确保美国公民在 各种灾难和紧急情况之前以及在其过程中 能够得到他们为保护好他们自己和家人所 需要的信息的重要的下一步工作
• 考研阅读
• 译文：
看着无家可归者绘制出的花园图片时，人们 会突然意识到虽然花园风格的多样，但这 些花园都显示了人们除了装饰和创造性表 达之外的其他各种基本诉求。
大学英语语法课程简介
——大学英语教学中 宏观语法意识的培养
一壶烧不开的水！
驾驭感缺失导致了学习中的恶性循 环
ENJOY THE RIDE
实例一:我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑 料板上. 翻译：The key of our room was attached to a large plastic block with the room number on it. 分析：The key to our room was attached to a large plastic block with the room number on it. [介词to]
• 横向秩序性 • 纵向层次性
• 时态意识
• 语态意识 • 语气意识
第二篇：框架篇
•
英语语言的横向秩序性和纵向层次性
认识一：横向秩序性
English is a fixed-word-order language.(英语是一种有着固定词 序的语言)
S+V+O 占据整个语言的80%
1. 人咬狗是新闻 • Journalists say when a dog bites a man, that is not news. • But when a man bites a dog, that is certainly news.
• 补语
1) 形容词作补语 **I found her sad. 2）动形词（动词的形容词化）作补语 **I asked her to leave the city. ** I saw her smoking. **I saw her praised. 3）非限定形容词从句（补语从句）作补语 ** I once fell in love with a guy, who praised me the most beautiful woman in the world.
(三)培养语气意识：
I hope you will come to attend the party? -- yeah, I will. --well, I would. -- Well, I would (if I had time then).
谓语形式
非谓语形式
总结：语法宏观意识
• 核心动词理论
2.子骂父是不孝 • If a father scolds a son, that is education.
• But if a son scolds a father, that is
thanklessness or rebellion.
3.汉语则没有那么强的秩序 • 你吃饭了没 S+V+O • 饭吃了吗你 O+V+S • 饭我吃了 O+S+V • 吃饭了我 V+O+S