生活垃圾发酵

生活垃圾发酵

Figure 1 Sketch Plan/Profile (Harada 1995) and Picture of a Composting Shed.

Figure 2 Organic Materials Are Statically Piled in a Unit Block Volume.

Figure 3 Piling Materials Are Turned Regularly with a Bucket Loader.

Figure 4 Piled Materials in a Unit Block Volume Surrounded by Partition Walls.

Figure 5 Forced Aeration Pipe System Is Placed under the Piling Materials.

Figure 6 Composting Box Chambers Are Joined in One Line.

Figure 7 Composting Box Chambers Filled with Organic Materials

by Using a Screw Conveyer (Harada 1995).

Figure 8 Composting Strip Furrow Filled with Organic Material.

Figure 9 At the Bottom of Composting Strip Furrow, There Is a Pipe System Aerated with Blowers.

Figure 10 Sketch (Harada 1995) and Picture of Scoop Type Turner on Strip Furrows.

Figure 11 Sketch (Harada 1995) and Picture of Rotary Type Turner on Strip Furrows.

Figure 12 Crane Type Turner Hung on a Steel Beam.

Figure 13 Sketch (Harada 1995) and Picture of Elliptical Composting Furrow Equipped with Turners.

Figure 14 Sketch (Harada 1995) and Picture of Circular Column Furrows Equipped with Turners.

Figure 15 Sketch (Harada 1995) and Picture of Scoop Type Stirrer Equipped Vertically on Circular Column Composting.

Figure 16 Enclosed Vertical Column Composting.

Figure 17 Aeration System of Enclosed Vertical Column Composting (Harada 1995).

Two views of the bunkers, showing the blower and manifold from the rear, and the rear of the bunkers under the new MTDF wharf roof.

This image shows a commercial aerated floor bunker for Phase I substrate processing.

SMS Processing

A project funded by the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, investigated use of aeration for reducing odors from the processing

of spent mushroom substrate (SMS). The project objectives looked at odor reduction, value of SMS processed as a growing media, and management strategies to best process SMS using aerated floor bunkers.

A portable research bunker was developed and used for this purpose. Faculty from Penn State (Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Plant Pathology, and Horticulture) cooperated with researchers at the Monell Chemical Senses Center and Therion, Inc. on this project.

The results showed that aeration significantly reduced odors as measured by a human odor panel, and emission of odorous compounds were also significantly reduced based on quantitative analysis. SMS can be mixed with other materials to provide a nutrient-rich and safe growing media for nurseries and landscaping.

塔以水平的复数段分隔，堆肥材料堆积干各段塔上发酵，可分为若干种方式。垃圾材料借重力作用从上段塔板下落到下段塔板。各段落板的发酵条件可能有所差异，翻覆法也可能不同，空气供给可从各段塔板强制供给，也可借排气管的通风效果自然供给。

此类设备设计需遵循以下原则:

①形状可采用立方体式，塔数最少应在2层以上，停留时间可参考旋转式发酵槽。

②材质可采用钢盘混凝土或钢板。

③槽内长宽比以1:5-1: 20为宜。

④发酵槽充填率以 50%-60%为宜。

⑤为防止搅拌机轴被垃圾中的草绳或污泥所卷缠，要有适宜的防遮设施。

⑥搅拌机的转速及驱动装置、换气设备及基础台均可参照旋转式发酵设备进行设计。

如下图所示为竖型多段落板式发酵槽，该装置通常为分成l0段的发酵槽，各段分隔成数块有很多通气孔的隔板，各隔板可以水平轴旋转90°，各段借此

而开闭。各段塔板上的垃圾发酵一段时间后，将隔板旋转90°，即可通过隔板