现在完成时用法课件

现在完成时用法(2)：从Biblioteka Baidu去持续到现在. 常与for/since引导的时间状语连用.注意二者 可互换. for more than forty years 超过40年 since the reform and opening-up 从改革开 放以来 for two years = since two years ago for 引导时间段 since（从…以来）引导过去的时间点
现在完成时用法 现在完成时(一） 构成：have/has+过去分词.（第三人称单数用 has) 变一般疑问句时，提前have/has； 否定句时，直接在have/has后加not. 过去分词：规则动词和不规则动词(见书尾） 规则动词过去式与动词过去分词一样 help----helped----helped work----worked----worked be----was/were----been go----went----gone take----took----taken
１）她这几天来都在住院. She ____ ____ in hospital____ ____ ____ ____ ____. ２）直到现在我都没看到他的作业. I ____ ____his homework ____ ____ ____. ３）今天早晨你看到她了吗？ ＿＿you ____ her this morning? (keys:1.has been, in the past few days 2.haven’t seen, up to now 3.Have seen)
现在完成时常用时间状语 现在完成时常用的时间状语除for/ since引导的外， 还有下列与现在时间相关的时间状语： in the past sixteen years, in the past few months 在过去的这几个月 so far, in recent years, twice/three times, up to now(直到现在),this week/morning, today.
句型转换： 1. She has just come back from her hometown.(否定句) She _______ ________ come back from her hometown _______. 2. He has already tidied his room. （一般疑问句，并否定回答） ______ he ______ his room _______? No, ______ ______. 3. My uncle has worked in Beijing for over twenty years. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______ _______ your uncle_______ in Beijing? 4. I have been to Shanghai twice. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______ _______ have you been to Shanghai？ 5. Tom has to finish his homework first. （反意疑问句） Tom has to finish his homework first,_______ ________? 6. He has got a letter from his pen pal Sandy. （同义句） He has ______ ______ his pen pal Sandy. 7. It seems that he has been there before. （同义句） He seems ______ ______ been there before. 8. They have already cleaned the classroom. （一般疑问句，并肯定回答） ______ they ______ the classroom _______? Yes, ______ _______. 9. We have learned English for three years. （同义句） We have learned English________ _________ _________ __________. 10. His father died two years ago. （同义句） His father _______ ________ ________ for two years.
现在完成时中含for/since时间状语时，不能用短 暂性动词，应用持续性动词. come,go,leave,lose,see,begin,start,arrive/reach ,borrow,become,die,close/open,join,buy/get等 为常见的短暂性动词，在使用时应改为持续性 动词. 方法有两种：一是找该词的近义持续性动词， 如buy, get改为have; borrow改为keep. 另一种方法改为意思接近的be+prep./adj. join改为be in; come back改为be back; die 改为be dead; leave改为be away from…; come to改为be in; begin改为be on.
3) yet“到目前为止”“仍然，还(没有)”，用于 否定句/一般疑问句，责备语气，放句尾. ---你哥哥到了吗？---还没到. Have your brother arrived yet? Not yet. 4) ever“曾经”，用于一般疑问句，放句中. Have you ever been to Beijing? 5) before“以前”，可用于任何句型，放句尾. 6) never“从不”，用于否定句，常与before连 用，放句中. 以前我从没到过上海. I’ve never been to Shanghai.
区别for /since for a long time / for two days / for three years for 引导一段时间，用于现在完成 时，用来表达从过去持续到现在的动作／状 态． 我们好长时间都未见面了． 他已经睡了两个小时了． since引导的时间为过去的一个时间点. 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句须用现在完成 时． 从我们进中学以来，已经学了一千多单词了．
用法(1)表示已经/曾经做过…过去的动作，现 在的结果(影响)，强调现在“已经做过…”常与 just（刚）, already（已经）, ever（曾经）, never, yet，before等副词（也，还）连用。 副词用法小结：
1) already“已经”，可用于任何句型，可放句中(或句 尾). 我已经吃了早饭了。 I have already had breakfast (already). 2) just“刚刚”，用于陈述句或一般疑问句，放句中. 例：你作业已做完了吗？我刚刚做完. Have you finished your homework? I have just finished it.