新东方口语2

Independent Task 2
Choice
2 question types
Preference
•University students can choose to live in a community by renting an apartment, or they maybe opt to live in university dormitories. Which do you prefer? Include details and examples in your explanation.
Agree or Disagree
•Success can only be measured by the money you earn. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Include details and examples in your explanation.
误区
•“中庸”，没有作出选择
•不知道如何坚持自己的观点，不能“无理辩三分”
步骤
•Make your choice, and expand it into a sentence. It’s not about “fact”, it’s all about your “choice”.
•Then defend your position.
example
•Sometimes students have to write papers. Sometimes they have to do oral presentations. Which activity do you think is better for students, and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.
It starts with “I think”.
•I think writing papers is better for students. We need to develop strong writing skills. We go to school mainly to learn reading and writing, so writing papers is good preparation. Also, I think writing is a better way to show that
I understand. When I write a paper, I think I can think deeply because I have more time to explain my ideas. •Remember, there are no “standardized answers”.
•You got to make your own choice.
How to make your answer logical and coherent?
Since eastern culture is tacit, and highly illogic.
《伟大领袖金日成将军举起了枪》•……不过一会儿，飞机的呼啸声，炸弹的爆炸声，枪声，就在山岭间回荡交错了。

金日成将军拿过一支38式步枪：“我们出去看看吧！”李警卫：“将军，这样太危险了！” ……
《伟大领袖金日成将军举起了枪》
•金日成将军愤怒地拧起眉头，他看到又一架美国飞机准备从阵地上飞过，他举起了枪，瞄准了敌人的飞机。

当敌人对准了我们的阵地，正在往下飞来时，将军开枪了。

瞬间，一团巨大的火团，在空中爆发燃烧了，残骸纷纷落下。

战士们欢呼起来。

剩下的美国飞机惊呆了，他们再也没有勇气继续，纷纷向南方逃跑了。

战士们在阵地上，向着金日成将军欢呼：
伟大领袖金日成万岁！
伟大将军金日成万岁！
三八式步枪
Deductive and Inductive
Two major ways of reasoning
Inductive
•Reasoning from detailed facts to general principles. •Example:
•This ice is cold. => all ice is cold
•3+5=8 and eight is an even number. Therefore, an odd
number added to another odd number will result in an even number.
•简单枚举推理
– S1 是P
S2 是P
……
Sn 是P
S1,S2,…,Sn是S 类的部分对象, 并且其中没有S 不是P
所以, 所有S 是P
e.g.
•Why do I like Xiao Li?
– 1
– I like her smile.
– I like her character.
– I like the way she look at me.
– Maybe I like her everything. I must like her.
Deductive
•Reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)
– Example:
– All men are mortal.
– Adam is a man.
– (Therefore) Adam is mortal.
•Why do I like Xiao Li?
– I like women.
– Xiao Li is a woman.
– So I like Xiao Li.
•Make it better.
– An ideal girl friend should be a soul mate and a good partner of life.
– Xiao Li is just this kind of girl. We share a lot of ideas in common.
She can take good care of me, and I can give her the feeling of security. We could make a good couple I guess.
中文释义
•第一句话：大意
•第一个观点：一句真理（废话）。

证明题目所陈述的属于这个真理的范围。

证明完毕。

•第二个观点：一句真理（废话）。

证明题目所陈述的属于这个真理的范围。

证明完毕。

Now make your answer coherent.
Strategy: structure your words
•State your choice.
– 1 Define / make factual statement about your choice
•Detailed explanation/data
•Examples
– 2 Define / make factual statement about your choice
•Detailed explanation/data
•Examples
– Round it up
For example
•Do you think your girlfriend/boyfriend should be someone beautiful/handsome? Answer the question, using details and examples to support your explanation.
•State your choice:
– I think everybody should find himself / herself a boyfriend / girl friend as
beautiful/handsome as possible.
•Define:
– A boyfriend / girlfriend is possible the most important social partner for a
single young person besides his/her parents.
– A beautiful girlfriend is always the symbol of success.
– Appearance is the foundation of love.
–…
•Detailed explanation:
– A handsome boyfriend makes trivial things like waking up in the morning every day such a pleasant experience.
– Study shows that by looking at a beautiful woman for 5 minutes a day can considerably improve a man’s health.
– Falling in love with someone beautiful could not only enrich your life, but also improve your health.
Examples?
Examples
•Examples: Prince Charles married Dianna. Tom Cruise married Nicole Kidman. David Beckham is married with Victoria.
Put things together
•I think everybody should find himself / herself a boyfriend / girl friend as beautiful/handsome as possible.
• 1 Falling in love with someone beautiful could not only enrich your life, but also make you live longer.
–Study shows that by looking at a beautiful woman for 5 minutes a day can considerably improve a man’s health.
–This is made possible by the hormonal changes at the presence of an attractive female.
–Believe it or not, go for eyes-pleasing one.
• 2 A beautiful girlfriend is always the symbol of success.
–There are many living examples of beautiful couples. For example David Beckham hand Victoria Beckham, which proves that classy relationships start with appearance.
–Don’t despair, you don’t have to be super rich to find the right one.
Method 2 a simpler solution
• 1. State your choice (A from AB)
• 2. Defend your choice by stating
– 1) 2 advantages of A
– 2) 1 advantage of A+ 1 disadvantage of B
– 3) 2 disadvantages of B
Now do the same test again
•Do you think your girlfriend/boyfriend should be someone beautiful/handsome? Answer the question, using details and examples to support your explanation.
Sample answer
Topic range
Possible Topics
• Parents/ Children
• Schools/ Education
• Civic Projects
• Government
Parents/ Children
•Should parents be strict or not?
•Should parents raise children in the city or the country? •Is television bad for children or not?
•Should parents force lazy children to exercise?
Schools/ Education
•Should female and male students live together or separately?
•Is it better for a student to live on campus or off? •Should all education be free?
•Should students study many subjects or just their major?
Civic Projects
•Can the city build a new community center near your home?
•Can the city build a highway near your home?
•The city will reduce bus service but make it free. Do you agree or disagree?
•Are zoos good or bad?
Government
•Is government censorship good or bad?
•Do government workers need privacy?
•Should government officials be paid or not?
!
Remember to use these sentence structures
•I believe/think/feel/argue that...
•It's my strong/firm opinion that...
•It's impossible to deny that...
•It's clear that...
•From my point of view, ...
•There's no doubt that...
•I have no doubt that...
•What I think/believe is that...
•I'd have to say that...
•I agree/disagree that...
•I oppose/support...
Guided exercises
•All test questions in 2007 and 2008 (almost)
2007年1月
•城市建设中应该保持old building呢还是应该用new building replace old building
•Do you prefer to live with roommates or you prefer to live a lone?
•Journey 在旅行时，有些人喜欢直接到达目的地，有些人却喜欢沿途一路上观光。

•A or DA：童年时光最美好
2007年1月
•Study from advices of friends and parents or personal exp erience.
•Do you agree or disagree: Students should wear uniform in school?
•你选择online courses还是traditional courses
2007年3月
•do u think our lives is easier or more difficult than our pare nts?
•有些人觉得在大学的学习是很重要的,有的人觉得它并不怎
么重要,你的观点?
•喜欢团队合作还是独立完成工作？
2007年3月3日
2007年4月
•有人爱读幻想文学, 比如小说, 有人爱读纪实文学, 你喜欢哪种?
•job with more money or job with more personal satisfaction ?
2007年5月
•part-time job/ summer employment是否对选择职业有帮助。

•agree or disagree: students should have a year break befo re they attend college.
2007年6月
•学生能从讨论中学的更多。

•在准备report的时候，上网查资料or用printed materials
2007年7月
•7.7 spend vacation in city or countryside
7.14 有人认为大学应该免费，有人认为大学应该收费。

你的观点是什么
7.21 cell should be prohibited in certain conditions &
one can use cell phone anytime , agree哪种?
7.28 Power and money is the definition of success ？
2007年8月
•8.4 有些学生在晚上打工,有些学生在白天打工,你更支持哪个
8.11 高中毕业后直接上大学好还是呆一段时间好8.17 在暑假期
间, take courses & take off or summer job，prefer哪种？8.25 你的free time里,和很多朋友(large group)在一起好,还是只有很少的朋友(small group)在一起好?
2007年9月
•9.8 和朋友去餐馆cafe好还是在家好
9.12 和朋友一块去演唱会或看电影好不好
9.15 Do you agree or disagree The most important influence s that young adults have are from their families.
9.21 When working in a group, prefer to be the leader or th
e one receiving orders
9.22 小组中要做LEADER还是FOLLOWER的那种
9.29 “政府应该投资艺术还是投资museum或theater”
2007年10月
•10.5 when going to vacation, do you prefer to have outdoor activity or indoor activity?
10.17 学校是不是应该要求学生学习art &music 课程
10.27 用internet找资料还是book
10.28 modern technology makes the life simple or hard.
2007年11月
•11.3 Do you always make friends who have differen t interests from you? Why?
11.11 Not all students to take cell-phone in the
classroom?
11.24 喜欢一直去一个地方还是去不同的地方？
2007年12月
•12.1 遇到问题自己上网或查阅解决还是问教授寄托
家园
12.8 你有extra money 是spend it away还是save up 12.10 在不同时期换工作还是一辈子只一份工作12.15 online courses 还是 traditional course
2008年1月
•Some people plan every detail of their vacation in advance. Others prefer to leave most details flexible or open to chance. Which do you think is better and why?
•Do you agree or disagree that people should always tell the truth?
•对于业余时间，你觉得应该细心规划还是随波逐流
2008年2月
•People say that childhood is the best time in one person's life. Do you agree or disagree?
•Communicate with your family and friends by letter and
e-mail or by telephone?
•与新朋友交往,是第一印象重要还是长久了解重要？
2008年3月
•Compared with science and math study, the study of art an d literature is not very important. Do you agree or disagree ?
•一堆钱重要还是PLEASURE重要？
•有人认为打开了一本书之后就应该一口气把这本书看完，也有人就觉得可以分几次读完。

请你说说你更喜欢哪一种方式，为什麽？
2008年4月
•Journey 在旅行时，有些人喜欢直接到达目的地，有些人却喜欢沿途一路上观光。

2008年5月
•觉得家庭和朋友，哪个对young adult影响大，为什么•Some people think that students should study during week ends, but others think that they should relax and to socializ e
•Do you prefer to work in individual with profession or work in group with profession?
•你是喜欢在教室内学习还是教室外；
2008年6月
•小孩应该学习第二语言么，你同意还是不同意？•University是应该用fund来提供more entertainment还是来academic program
•which do you prefer? gather information before travel OR do not gather, just experience yourself there
•
2008年7月
•keep or not old building i the city
•是喜欢和一大堆朋友在一起还是喜欢和一小群close friends 在一起。

2008年8月
•喜欢在countryside还是big city 度假
•喜欢高薪水的工作还是跟个性相关的工作，earn more money or personal characteristics相关。

2008年9月
•agree or disagree以下观点：you can enjoy yourself to the
concerts(音乐会)or films with a group of friends。

•学校该不该收费
•毕业后是直接进入大学学习还是休息一下在继续读书。

2008年10月
•学校该不该收费
•The best lesson we can learn is through making mistake. Agree or disagree?
•Do you agree or disagree: Students should wear uniform in school?
2008年11月
•是否现代年轻人了解世界比父母年轻时了解得多?
•some people like attend to college full time, and other students want to attend to college part time, which one do you prefer
•Do you think it is important to learn other culture？
•Do you always make friends who have different interests from you? Why?
2008年12月
• Family can help young adults a lot(大概是这意思)，agree or disagree？
•决定职业前，学生是否应该去实习或感受之类的经验？•living in countryside 还是big city
•有人喜欢冒险，有人喜欢谨慎，在运动方面？你喜欢设么
06年真题
060915
061008
061015
061021。