关系代词的 that, which的专用场合

关系代词that 和which 都可指屋，在定语从句中作主语或定语时，一般可以互换，但各自也有专用场合。

一有下列情形之一时，一般用that。如：

1 当先行词前面有形容词最高级或者序数词修饰时。例如：

These are the cleanest parks that you can imagine.

This is the first thing that I afford by myself.

2当先行词是不定代词all, anything , everything, something,

nothing, little, few, much, none等

时。

All that can be done has been done.

This book contains little that is interesting and useful.

3当先行词被both, all, every , no, any, much等修饰的时候。如：

There is no book that I like to read here.

4，

5当先行词为人，物共存的时候。

如：

Can you tell me the person and place that you would like to visit

5 当先行词前面有the very, only, last 等表示唯一概念的词修饰的时候。

如：

This is the very problem that I cannot answer.

This is the last thing that I would like to do.

6当定语从句的谓语动词是be，需要关系代词作表语的时候。

My computer is no longer the machine that it was.

7当主句是由which或who引起的特殊疑问句时。如：

Which is the computer that you want to use

Who is the man that you spoke to just now

8.

9当先行词是数词的时候。如：Yesterday I bought two fish and put them I a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.

二有下列情形之一的时候，只能用which:

1 当引导的是非限制性的定语从句的时候。如：

Tom won the game, which made him very happy.

2 当先行词作介词的宾语并与介词一起置于句首的时候。如：

The house in front of which stands a big tree is hers.

3 当在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 则另一个宜用which. 如：

He give me a gift that had been bought from the shop which belong to his uncle.

4 当先行词为指物的代词that 和those时。如：

$

He has found that I am looking for.

What are those which he refused to accept

5 当关系代词后面有插入语的时候。如：

Here is the book which, as I have

told you, will help improve you English.

用关系代词that 或者which填空：１This is the tenth novel ____ shows his great success.

2 He has got all _____ he needed in his studies.

3 Which is the book ____ you want to read

《

4 We often talked of the classmates and things _____ we still remember.

5 Did you see the tallest tree ____ I used to climb when I was a child

6 who is the person _____ you are to meet in the afternoon

7Please return the book to me that I borrow from the library _____ is not far away from our school.

8You can choose any necklace ___ you like.

9Is this the room in ____ he lives.

10The monitor said that Tom didn’t finish his homework , _____ made the teacher angry.

are the cleanest parks __ you can imagine. (序数词／最高级)

__ can be done has been done.

This book contains little ___ is

interesting and useful. (all, anything, everything, something, nothing, little few, much, none)

—

13. There’s no book ___ I like to read here.

(both,all,every,no,any,much…) 14. Can you tell me the persons and places ___ you’d like to visit.

15. This is the very problem ___ I can not answer.

This is the last thing __ I’d like to do.

16. My computer is no longer the machine that it was.(关系代词作表语时)

17. Which is the computer that you want to see

Who is the man that you spoke to just now

18. Yesterday I bought two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive. won the game, which made him very happy.

、

20. He gave me a gift that had been bought from the shop which belongs to his uncle.

(两个定语从句不宜同时使用)

has found that which I am looking for.

What are those which he refused to accept

22. Here is the book which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.

as 的用法：其通常和such\ the same 连用，代指物在从句中做主语或宾语

This is the same pen as I bought yesterday。

这种笔和我昨天买的笔一样（同样的但不是同一个）。引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做宾语，因先行词被the same所修饰所以用as引导

注意：上句与下句的区别This is the same pen that I used yesterday.这就是昨天我使用的那一支钢笔（指的是同一个）。

—

I studied in the same school as she did in Beijing.

我和他在北京的同一所学校就读。

引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做宾语，因先行词被the same所修饰所以用as引导

I want to have such a dictionary as he has.

我想要一本和他的一样的字典。

引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做宾语，因先行词被such所修饰所以用as引导

as的用法：①在从句中通常做主语代指整个主句，②表示的意思是正如正象③其引导的定语从句即可以放在主句之前也可以放在主句之后。

The Pacific is the largest ocean,as we all know.

太平洋是最大的洋，这一点我们都知道（正如我们所知到的，太平洋是最大的洋）。

引导非限制性定语从句的as在从句中做know的宾语，其代指整个主句。*

As we expect, we won the game.

我们赢了，这一点在我们预料之中。（正如我们预料的一样，我们赢了）。

中做主语，其代指整个主句。从句在主句的前面

The earth is round, as we all know.

地球是圆的，这一点我们都知道。（正如我们所知到的一样地球是圆的）

引导非限制性定语从句的as在从句中做know的宾语，其代指整个主句。As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.

众所周知，他是我们班上最好的学生。（正如我们所知到的一样，他是我们班上最好的学生。

中做主语，其代指整个主句。which的用法：①关系代词，在从句中做主语或宾语，代指人或物。②当代指整个主句时表示的意思是主句和从句之间是因果关系即因为所以。

③其引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。

—

Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad.

Tom突然病倒，这使得我们很伤心。Which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从

所以我们伤心。

The road was too slippery,wich caused lots of accidents.

路太滑了，以至于引起了很多事故。Which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从句的关系是因果关系，因为路滑，所以出事。

He was angry, which made him cry.

他太生气了以至于他哭了起来。Which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从

以哭。