斯伦贝谢负压射孔
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• Best is CFE = 1
Schlumberger Private
November 2003
Confidential
Choose The Best Perforation?
All tests at 1000 psi under balance
Schlumberger Private
Test 1 = 0.70 CFE
– 32.8 in. PEN, 0.32 in. EH (1 11/16-in., 4 spf, ±90°)
Schlumberger Private
35
4 spf
33
32.8
4.4 spf
30.7
31 29 27 25
PowerJet Ultracap Nearest Competitor 27.8
• Over balanced perforating is damaging. (initial wellbore pressure > pore pressure)
Schlumberger Private
November 2003
Confidential
Lab Set-up for Single Shot Tests
Damaged zone, Kd
Sand debris Non damaged zone, K
November 2003
Confidential
Perforation Tunnel
Undamaged (K)
Schlumberger Private
Damaged (Kc)
November 2003
Confidential
4 spf
November 2003
Confidential
3 3/8-in. HSD
Specifications: • PowerJet 3406 - Best in class
– 38.6 in. PEN, 0.45 in. EH (3 3/8-in. 6 spf, 60°) – Shoots 19 in. into 14,100 psi Nugget Sandstone
365 365 365 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 340 340 400
Confidential
22 14.3 27 6.5 8.5 10.5 15 22.7 14.2 26 38.6 21.7 19 30 49.5
4 1/2 5 1/2 7 2 7/8 4 1/2 3 1/2 4 1/2 4 1/2 5 1/2 5 1/2 7 7 7 7 9 5/8
2000
Differential Pressure, psi
Initial under balance = 1000 psi
1000
射孔技术
Test 4 Test 3 Test 1 Test 2
0
-1000
-2000 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
* Mark of Schlumbergerial
Damage Impairs Productivity
Dmg depth Penetration, P Reduced permeability crushed zone, Kc
Schlumberger Private
Schlumberger Private
29 27 25 23 21 19 17 15
4 spf
27.3 26.9
6 spf
17.1 PowerJet Enerjet Nearest Competitor
November 2003
Confidential
Pivot Gun
Specifications: • Power Pivot - Best in class
Schlumberger Private
The PURE system is a proprietary property of Schlumberger and is the subject of US Patent Application No.:US 2002/0020535 A1 dated February 21 2001, and PCT Application No.: WO 01/65060. The PURE system may only be used pursuant to a contract agreed with Schlumberger and must not be distributed or divulged to third parties, or duplicated in whole or in part, without prior written permission by Schlumberger.
4 1/2-in. , 4 5/8-in. , 4.72-, 5-in. HSD guns (5 spf, 72°) 7-in. HSD gun (12 spf, 135°/45°; 14 spf, 140°/20°)
5 spf
Schlumberger Private
52.0 50.0 48.0 46.0
0.32 0.32 0.28 0.2 0.27 0.32 0.36 0.45 0.64 0.46 0.42 0.35 0.83 0.98 1.14
32.76 Mar-98 30.4 Jul-98 34.8 Mar-99 18.6 May-99 22.8 Jul-98 25.2 May-99 27.7 Mar-99 38.6 Nov-99 4.5 Nov-02 36.9 Sep-00 54.1 Nov-98 30.2 Mar-98 5.9 Dec-97 5.8 Nov-98 7.1 Oct-97
–
40.0 37.0 34.0
33.9 38.6
3 3/8-, 3 1/2-, 3.67-in. HSD guns at 6 spf, 60°
6 spf
Schlumberger Private
6 spf
31.0 28.0 25.0
PowerJet Ultrajet 28.9
6 spf
Nearest Competitor
November 2003
Confidential
4 1/2-in. HSD
Specifications: • PowerJet 4505 - Best in class
– 54.1 in. PEN, 0.42 in. EH (4 1/2-in., 5 spf, 72°)
– –
56.0 54.0
54.1
PowerJet 47.3 Ultrajet
5 spf 5 spf
49.3
Nearest Competitor
November 2003
Confidential
Summary
API TEST RESULTS – RP43 FIFTH EDITION, SECTION 1
1-11/16 Pivot 2-1/8 EJ 2-1/2 EJ 2.00 HSD 2-1/4 HSD 2-1/2 HSD 2-7/8 HSD 3-3/8 HSD 3-3/8 HSD 4 HSD 4-1/2 HSD 4-1/2 HSD 4-5/8 HSD 5 HSD 7 HSD
Time, sec
Schlumberger Private
刘 川 2004年9月
OUTLINE
• 射孔弹和射孔枪系列 - PowerJet • 动态负压射孔技术 – PURE • 定向射孔技术 - WOPT
Schlumberger Private
November 2003
Confidential
PowerJet 聚能弹
November 2003
Confidential
Expendable Enerjets
Specifications: • Phased Power Enerjet - Best in class
– 27.3 in. PEN, 0.25 in. EH (2 1/8-in. spiral, 4 spf, 45°)
November 2003
4 6 4 6 6 6 6 6 12 5 5 12 21 8 18
Power Pivot, HMX 2-1/8 Pwr EJ, HMX 2-1/2 Pwr EJ, HMX PowerJet 2006, HMX PowerJet 2306, HMX PowerJet 2506, HMX PowerJet 2906, HMX PowerJet 3406, HMX PowerFlow 3412, HMX PowerJet 4006, HMX PowerJet 4505, HMX PowerJet 4512, HMX PowerFlow 4621, RDX PowerFlow 5008, RDX PowerFlow 7018, HMX
– New liner material
– Deeper penetration
– Extensive use of SPT research
– Test and verify designs
November 2003
Confidential
PowerJet 与其他弹型对比
Schlumberger Private
• 聚能弹发展
– Hyperjet* introduced 1960s – Ultrajet* introduced 1980s – PowerJet introduced 1998
Schlumberger Private
• 最新聚能弹特点
– New liner design
– Penetration optimized for hard rock
PR Versus Damage
Perforation = 12 inches, SFP = 6, Kd/K = 0.2
1.2
Kc/K=1, PURE
1.0
Schlumberger Private
0.8
Kc/K=0.3
PR
Kc/K=0.1
0.6
0.4
0.2
Kc/K=0.01
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1
Schlumberger Private
November 2003
Confidential
测试术语
• K = 原状地层渗透率
• Kc = 射孔损伤带渗透率 • CFE = 岩心流通效率
– Ratio of flow through through the perforation tunnel vs flow though a drilled tunnel with the same dimensions and zero damage
Kc/K=0.307 P = 11.5”
November 2003
Test 2
CFE = 0.69 Kc/K=0.304 P = 11.8”
Confidential
Test 3
CFE = 0.61 Kc/K=0.235 P = 11.25”
Test 4
CFE = 0.21 Kc/K=0.049 P = 11.1”
0.0 -1 -0.75 -0.5 -0.25
November 2003
(P Confidential – Dmg)/P
Current Paradigm
• Perforating under balance is the technique of choice for maximizing productivity. (initial wellbore pressure < pore pressure)
Perforation Dynamics
Schlumberger Private
What is PURE?
The PURE*, “Perforating for Ultimate Reservoir Exploitation”, system is a new patented technique used to obtain clean perforations. This system utilizes methods to control downhole well dynamics and is a combination of perforating system and Schlumberger Propriety Rights Notice: completion design.
Schlumberger Private
November 2003
Confidential
Choose The Best Perforation?
All tests at 1000 psi under balance
Schlumberger Private
Test 1 = 0.70 CFE
– 32.8 in. PEN, 0.32 in. EH (1 11/16-in., 4 spf, ±90°)
Schlumberger Private
35
4 spf
33
32.8
4.4 spf
30.7
31 29 27 25
PowerJet Ultracap Nearest Competitor 27.8
• Over balanced perforating is damaging. (initial wellbore pressure > pore pressure)
Schlumberger Private
November 2003
Confidential
Lab Set-up for Single Shot Tests
Damaged zone, Kd
Sand debris Non damaged zone, K
November 2003
Confidential
Perforation Tunnel
Undamaged (K)
Schlumberger Private
Damaged (Kc)
November 2003
Confidential
4 spf
November 2003
Confidential
3 3/8-in. HSD
Specifications: • PowerJet 3406 - Best in class
– 38.6 in. PEN, 0.45 in. EH (3 3/8-in. 6 spf, 60°) – Shoots 19 in. into 14,100 psi Nugget Sandstone
365 365 365 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 340 340 400
Confidential
22 14.3 27 6.5 8.5 10.5 15 22.7 14.2 26 38.6 21.7 19 30 49.5
4 1/2 5 1/2 7 2 7/8 4 1/2 3 1/2 4 1/2 4 1/2 5 1/2 5 1/2 7 7 7 7 9 5/8
2000
Differential Pressure, psi
Initial under balance = 1000 psi
1000
射孔技术
Test 4 Test 3 Test 1 Test 2
0
-1000
-2000 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
* Mark of Schlumbergerial
Damage Impairs Productivity
Dmg depth Penetration, P Reduced permeability crushed zone, Kc
Schlumberger Private
Schlumberger Private
29 27 25 23 21 19 17 15
4 spf
27.3 26.9
6 spf
17.1 PowerJet Enerjet Nearest Competitor
November 2003
Confidential
Pivot Gun
Specifications: • Power Pivot - Best in class
Schlumberger Private
The PURE system is a proprietary property of Schlumberger and is the subject of US Patent Application No.:US 2002/0020535 A1 dated February 21 2001, and PCT Application No.: WO 01/65060. The PURE system may only be used pursuant to a contract agreed with Schlumberger and must not be distributed or divulged to third parties, or duplicated in whole or in part, without prior written permission by Schlumberger.
4 1/2-in. , 4 5/8-in. , 4.72-, 5-in. HSD guns (5 spf, 72°) 7-in. HSD gun (12 spf, 135°/45°; 14 spf, 140°/20°)
5 spf
Schlumberger Private
52.0 50.0 48.0 46.0
0.32 0.32 0.28 0.2 0.27 0.32 0.36 0.45 0.64 0.46 0.42 0.35 0.83 0.98 1.14
32.76 Mar-98 30.4 Jul-98 34.8 Mar-99 18.6 May-99 22.8 Jul-98 25.2 May-99 27.7 Mar-99 38.6 Nov-99 4.5 Nov-02 36.9 Sep-00 54.1 Nov-98 30.2 Mar-98 5.9 Dec-97 5.8 Nov-98 7.1 Oct-97
–
40.0 37.0 34.0
33.9 38.6
3 3/8-, 3 1/2-, 3.67-in. HSD guns at 6 spf, 60°
6 spf
Schlumberger Private
6 spf
31.0 28.0 25.0
PowerJet Ultrajet 28.9
6 spf
Nearest Competitor
November 2003
Confidential
4 1/2-in. HSD
Specifications: • PowerJet 4505 - Best in class
– 54.1 in. PEN, 0.42 in. EH (4 1/2-in., 5 spf, 72°)
– –
56.0 54.0
54.1
PowerJet 47.3 Ultrajet
5 spf 5 spf
49.3
Nearest Competitor
November 2003
Confidential
Summary
API TEST RESULTS – RP43 FIFTH EDITION, SECTION 1
1-11/16 Pivot 2-1/8 EJ 2-1/2 EJ 2.00 HSD 2-1/4 HSD 2-1/2 HSD 2-7/8 HSD 3-3/8 HSD 3-3/8 HSD 4 HSD 4-1/2 HSD 4-1/2 HSD 4-5/8 HSD 5 HSD 7 HSD
Time, sec
Schlumberger Private
刘 川 2004年9月
OUTLINE
• 射孔弹和射孔枪系列 - PowerJet • 动态负压射孔技术 – PURE • 定向射孔技术 - WOPT
Schlumberger Private
November 2003
Confidential
PowerJet 聚能弹
November 2003
Confidential
Expendable Enerjets
Specifications: • Phased Power Enerjet - Best in class
– 27.3 in. PEN, 0.25 in. EH (2 1/8-in. spiral, 4 spf, 45°)
November 2003
4 6 4 6 6 6 6 6 12 5 5 12 21 8 18
Power Pivot, HMX 2-1/8 Pwr EJ, HMX 2-1/2 Pwr EJ, HMX PowerJet 2006, HMX PowerJet 2306, HMX PowerJet 2506, HMX PowerJet 2906, HMX PowerJet 3406, HMX PowerFlow 3412, HMX PowerJet 4006, HMX PowerJet 4505, HMX PowerJet 4512, HMX PowerFlow 4621, RDX PowerFlow 5008, RDX PowerFlow 7018, HMX
– New liner material
– Deeper penetration
– Extensive use of SPT research
– Test and verify designs
November 2003
Confidential
PowerJet 与其他弹型对比
Schlumberger Private
• 聚能弹发展
– Hyperjet* introduced 1960s – Ultrajet* introduced 1980s – PowerJet introduced 1998
Schlumberger Private
• 最新聚能弹特点
– New liner design
– Penetration optimized for hard rock
PR Versus Damage
Perforation = 12 inches, SFP = 6, Kd/K = 0.2
1.2
Kc/K=1, PURE
1.0
Schlumberger Private
0.8
Kc/K=0.3
PR
Kc/K=0.1
0.6
0.4
0.2
Kc/K=0.01
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1
Schlumberger Private
November 2003
Confidential
测试术语
• K = 原状地层渗透率
• Kc = 射孔损伤带渗透率 • CFE = 岩心流通效率
– Ratio of flow through through the perforation tunnel vs flow though a drilled tunnel with the same dimensions and zero damage
Kc/K=0.307 P = 11.5”
November 2003
Test 2
CFE = 0.69 Kc/K=0.304 P = 11.8”
Confidential
Test 3
CFE = 0.61 Kc/K=0.235 P = 11.25”
Test 4
CFE = 0.21 Kc/K=0.049 P = 11.1”
0.0 -1 -0.75 -0.5 -0.25
November 2003
(P Confidential – Dmg)/P
Current Paradigm
• Perforating under balance is the technique of choice for maximizing productivity. (initial wellbore pressure < pore pressure)
Perforation Dynamics
Schlumberger Private
What is PURE?
The PURE*, “Perforating for Ultimate Reservoir Exploitation”, system is a new patented technique used to obtain clean perforations. This system utilizes methods to control downhole well dynamics and is a combination of perforating system and Schlumberger Propriety Rights Notice: completion design.