8B-Unit4复习(短语+知识点+基础练习)
八年级下学期期末复习(8B Unit 4)
班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 【重点单词、短语、句子】
1.你决定了怎样处理这些旧衣服吗____ ____________________________________
2.怎样处理（2）____________________
3.太矮了够不到冰箱上的盒子________ ____________________________________
4.对历史书感兴趣_________________
5.改善我对过去的知识______________
6.在你的空闲时间__________________
7.喜欢阅读小说和戏剧______________
8.那个丑男人的故事触动了我。_______ ____________________________________ 9.德国人在德国说德语______________ ____________________________________
10.撞到岩石上______________________
11.感到陆地就在我的脚下
____________________________________
12.筋疲力尽________________________
13.倒在沙滩上______________________
14.向上移动越过我的肚子和脖子______ ____________________________________ 15.他和我的小手指一样的尺寸(2)
____________________________________ ____________________________________
16.开始爬满我全身__________________
17.继续移过我的身体________________ ____________________________________ 18.我也不知道该说什么。_____________ ____________________________________
19.尽力挣脱一只手__________________
20.设法弄断绳子____________________
21.把我的左手举到空中______________ ____________________________________
22.看见一大群小人__________________
23.径直向我过来____________________
24.逃离他们________________________
25.Daniel没有说跟谁谈论这本书。
____________________________________ 26.什么时候上交他们的家庭作业
____________________________________ 27.自学怎样使用电脑画画____________ ____________________________________ 28.讨论哪种颜色油漆墙壁____________
____________________________________
29.推荐如此多有趣的书______________
____________________________________
30.怎样在如此短的时间内环游世界
____________________________________
31.在写作之前先读一些评论__________
____________________________________
32.准时归还书(2)____________________
____________________________________
33.没必要每次带你的学生证
____________________________________
34.给他的表妹读故事________________
____________________________________
35.获得第一个故事的灵感
____________________________________
36.在到伦敦火车旅行的途中
____________________________________
37.完这个系列的第7本书
____________________________________
38.所有的出版社拒绝出版.____________
____________________________________
39.被翻译成________________________
40.一方面….另一方面________________
41.讲述一个小男孩的故事____________
42.书里的主人公____________________
43.对自己有信心（2）
____________________________________
44.我不像过去那么害羞。
____________________________________
45.有很多激动人心的经历
____________________________________
46.做一个关于阅读习惯的调查
____________________________________
47.在上床睡觉之前阅读半个小时
____________________________________
48.中国的四大古典名著______________
49.给我很多建议____________________
50.给我开启崭新的世界______________
图书管理员___________隐藏的_________ 销售量______________
不能的，不会的_______________________ 读物______加拿大的__________________
1
【知识点】
1. against
against用作介词，其具体意思如下：
(1)相反；反对；违反；违背；逆。
We all should______________ ______________evil.我们都应该同邪恶做斗争。
(2)撞击；撞着，碰着，顶着，触及，与……相撞，同……冲突。．
I pushed __________ the door and the door opened at last.我用力推门，最后门开了。
(3)逆行，逆……方向，对着；跟……反方向。
Don't ________________ ___________________the traffic.不要逆向行车。
不要用球撞墙。Don't_______ the ball_______ the wall.
2.rise和ra ise
这两个词都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但其用法不同。
(1)raise是及物动词，发出此动作的通常是人，可用于被动语态，意为“举起；提高”，如抬头、举手（目、帽、石头、重物等），还可用作比喻，如提高政治觉悟（生活水平、地位、名誉、声音等）。
(2) rise是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，意为“上升，升起；起身，起立（主语是人）；上涨”以及“（日、月星等）升起到地平线上”。
Please_________ _______ _______if you know the answer. 如果你知道答案就请举手。（请举手，主语是你）The sun___________ _________ _______ ______太阳从东方升起。（太阳升起，主语是太阳）
( ) The river_______ recently.
A. rose
B. has raised
C. has risen
D. raised
3. He was the same size as my little finger!他和我的小手指一样大！
His room is the same size as mine．他的房间和我的一样大。
= His room is________ ________ ________mine.
Your ruler_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ mine. 你的尺和我的一样长。
= Your ruler is __________ ___________ _________mine.
4.shout
shout at意为“叫嚷”，一般表示因生气而对某人大喊大叫，带有感情色彩。
Don't ________ _________the boy.He is afraid.别对那男孩大声叫嚷。他害怕。
shout to意为“对……大声喊”，表示与某人距离较远，为了使对方听清楚而大声说话
He ___________ ________ the man ____ ______ ______ ______ ____the street, “Come here.”
他对街道对面的那个人大声说：“过来。”
( ) His father got angry and shouted_______ him, “Stop playing and do your homework.”
A. to B．at C．on D．for
5. continue后接动词作宾语时动词可用doing和to do的形式，但含义不同。
continue doing指继续做刚刚做过的那件事；continue to do指继续做另一件事。
试比较：
喝过咖啡之后我继续做作业。
After drinking a cup of coffee, I continued doing my homework.
（喝咖啡之前我在做作业但没做完，喝完以后继续做）
After drinking a cup of coffee, I continued to do my homework.
（喝咖啡之前我是在做别的事而不是做作业）
用所给动词的适当形式填空
I have done my homework for 2 hours, and l will continue_______ (do) my homework after a short rest．
6.also，too，as well与either
均表示“也”，但有以下区别：also，as well，too用于肯定句，且also常用于be动词、情态动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。
He went there,_________．他也去那儿了。We didn't go there_______.我们也没有去那儿。
I like you ___________.我也喜欢你。You are_____ a good student.你也是一个好学生。
( )The doctor knows nothing_______.
A. too
B. either
C. also
D. as well
7.manage用法
manage to do sth.意为“设法做某事”，更倾向于做成某事，与succeed in doing sth.同义；而try to do sth.
倾向于努力做某事，有没有成功不确定。
I _____________________________.我设法见到了那个作家．
I managed_____________ (buy) him the book he wanted.
8.translate用法
This English poem is _________ _________ __________ ___________.这首英文诗非常难译。
be translated into意为“被翻译成”。
The book________ _______________ ________ __________________.这本书被翻译成俄文。
I translated the novel into Chinese.（同义句）
The novel_______ _______ _______ Chinese by me.
9.success用法
(1)succe ss作“成功的人或事”讲时为可数名词；作“成功”讲时为不可数名词。
He is ________ __________ _________ as a writer．作为作家来讲，他获得了巨大的成功。
Failure is ________ ___________ ________ _________.失败是成功之母。
(2) succeed为不及物动词
Succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事。=do something successfully
He ____________ __________ ___________ __________the river．他成功地游过了河。
(3) successful形容词，意为“成功的”。He is a successful writer.他是一个成功的怍家。
(4) successfully副词，意为“成功地”。
He __________ ____________ ___________ _____________.他成功地通过了考试。
He is successful at his English test.（同义句）
He has_______ _______ _______ his English test.
10.advice&suggestion用法
advice与suggestion是名词，都表示“建议、意见”．
两者的最大区别在于advice是不可数名词，表示“一条建议”用a piece of advice，“一些建议”用some advice；而suggestion则是可数名词，表示“一条建议”用a suggestion，“一些建议”用some suggestions，“许多建议”用many suggestions。
( )What a good_______ he gave me!
A. suggestion
B. advice
C. suggestions
D. advices
11.open与open up
open意为“打开，开着的”，open up意为“开启；开创；开辟”。
When will they ______ ______ _______ _______ _______here? 他们什么时候在这儿开辟一条新的道路？
我们学校开辟了一个新的图书馆。Our school_______ _______ a new library.
【基础练习】
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. His job was_______________ (provide) the performers with water.
2. He seems (work) hard at his subjects.
3. My computer______________ (not work) well for a week. It needs ____________ (repair).
4. Please remember (post) the letter on your way home.
5. Many leaflets (give) out to ask people to donate money by them since yesterday.
6. My mother used to (spend) much time (buy) new clothes.
7. I hope that our charity show (hold) at the school hall next Sunday
8. The boy must (tell) (not play) football in the street.
9. What (take) place in the past five years.
10. This kind of sweaters (sell) well. They (sell) out in two days.
11. The guests already (show) around our school.
12. Can any English words (write) on the card?
13. The knife (make) of metal (use) for cutting things.
14. ---May I borrow the story book? ---It (return) to you at once after I finish it.
15. It’s important for all the children (learn) (read) and write.
二、单项选择。
( ) 1. Lily needs every day.
A. practice dancing
B. practicing to dance
C. to practice to dance
D. to practice dancing
( ) 2. I thought I _____ climb the top of the mountain.
A. will be able to
B. am able to
C. would be able to
D. could be able to ( ) 3. I was happy because I was chosen_____ of the charity show.
A. be the host
B. being the host
C. to be the host
D. was the host ( ) 4. the story sound ?
A. Is, interesting
B. Is, interested
C. Does, interesting
D. Does, interested
( ) 5. Don’t worry. Your food here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here.
A. will keep
B. has kept
C. will be kept
D. has been kept
( ) 6. It is such_____ that you must_____ on it.
A. hard work, work hard
B. hard work, hard work
C. hard working, work hard
D. work hard, work hard
( ) 7. Mr. Smith hopes his son_____ a good job_____ his when he finishes university.
A. to have, likes
B. to have, like
C. will have, likes
D. will have, like
( ) 8. He is the only boy __________ the dancers on the stage.
A. between
B. among
C. in
D. around
( ) 9. The flood made the sports meeting _________.
A. possible
B. impossible
C. success
D. important
( ) 10. The show will ______ about 2 hours and the tickets will _______ 20 Yuan each.
A. take; cost
B. cost; take
C. cost; cost
D. take; take
( ) 11.You can be a good host ________ you practice a lot every day.
A. if only
B. only if
C. only
D. when
( ) 12.“No time to be worried any more. ________.”He said to himself.
A. This it is
B. This is it
C. That it is
D. That is it
( ) 13. Great changes _____in my hometown and a lot of factories ______.
A. have been taken place; are being set up
B. have taken place; have been set up
C. are taken place; had been set up D had taken place; will be set up
( ) 14. ---Can you tell me the meaning of the word?
---Are you joking? You many times.
A. are told
B. were told
C. have told
D. have been told
( ) 15. ---I hope more actions to help the left-behind children in the country. ---Me too.
A. will take
B. are going to be taken
C. have been taken
D. are taken
四、句型转换。
1. Mary hasn’t come to school today because she is ill. (同义句)
Mary hasn’t come to school today _________ ________ _________ __________.
2. Why don’t we stop and have a rest? (同义句).
Why not __________ _________have a rest?
3. We thank our teacher for their help and support. (同义句)
We are our teachers and us.
4. Who will host the party? (同义句)
Who ________ the party ________ ________ _________?
5. The host held a microphone and came on the stage (同义句)
The host came on the stage a microphone .
6. At first I couldn’t open the door. (同义句)
________ ________ ________, the door ________ ________ ________ by me.
7. He was very busy because of a lot of practice. (同义句)
He was very busy because he .
8. He will give me some money tomorrow. (改为被动语态)
I will ________ ________ some money tomorrow.
Some money will ________ ________ ________ ________ tomorrow.
9. I saw the boy play basketball just now. (改为被动语态)
The boy________ ________ ________ ________ basketball just now.
10. We must prevent people polluting the environment.
People ________ ________ ________ ________ polluting the environment.
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in one’s will在…遗嘱中 of one’s free will 出于自愿 with ease 容易，不费力 prepare for 准备 get to 开始；到达 fall off 下降 fall away 背离 televise live 实况转播 by the moment 到…时 have intention of 有意，打算 no intention of 无意，不打算 have not the least idea of 不知道have no desire for 对…没有欲望have desire to do sth. 想做某事have sth. in stock 有现货 be particular about 讲究 the key to …的答案（线索、办法）carry about 随身携带 pass through 通过，经过 pass for 被认为（当作） be of little value 没什么价值 cure sb. of 治好某人…
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㈠比较 advantages far outweigh(比…重要) the disadvantages. advantages of A are much greater than those of B. may be preferable(更可取的) to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that... is reasonable to maintain that …but it would be foolish to claim that … all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages. and B has several points in common. bears some resemblances to B. , the same is not applicable to B. same is true of B. as A is ,it has its drawbacks. ㈡原因 number of factors are accountable/responsible for this situation. answer to this problem involves many factors. 3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that... 4. We may blame.. ,but the real causes are... 5. Part of the explanations for it is that ... contributing factor (cause) is ... have good reasons to believe that… ㈢措施 conquer the difficulties our utmost(极限) in doing… measures/steps/action/approach ㈣变化 great change will certainly be produced. 2….bring about many changes. ㈤事实、现状 can’t ignore the fact that… one can deny the fact that… is no denying that… ㈥后果 1. It may give rise to/trigger a host of problems. 2. The immediate result it produces is ... 3. It will exercise a profound influence upon... 4. Its consequence can be so great that... ㈦批驳 is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.(遗漏省略) is a grain of(一些) truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact. people say ..., but it does not hold water(说得通,站得住脚).
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大学英语六级常用词组 abide by 遵守(法律等)；信守 above-mentioned 上述的 access to 接近；通向…的入口 account for 占；打死，打落(敌机) abstain from 戒除，弃权，避开 put on an act 装模作样 be addicted to 沉溺于；使吸毒成瘾adjacent to 与…毗连的 admit to 让…享有 make advances 取得进步；接近；预付agree about 对…有相同的看法 agree on 就…达成协议决定 agree with 与…相一致；适合 leave in the air 搁置，使悬而未决 be alive to 对…敏感，觉察，关心 for all that 尽管，虽然 on the analogy of 根据…类推 make an appeal to sb. 向某人提出呼吁；上诉apply one's mind to 专心于… apply to 向…申请或要求 approach to 接近；约等于 on the average 平均起来，一般说来 back down 放弃，让步，退却 back out of 收回(诺言等) on the basis of 在…的基础上 bear down 压倒，击败，克服 bear down on 冲向；对…施加压力 bear off 赢得；使离开；驶离 bear up 支持，拥护；打起精神 be beneficial to 有利于，有益于 be better off 境况富裕；更富有 be to blame for 对…应负责任 be blind to 不了解，对…是盲目的 turn a blind eye to 对…装作不见 blow over 被淡忘 blow up 发脾气；放大(照片等) make hold to 冒昧地…擅自(做)… bomb out 把(地方等)炸毁 be bound for 准备到…去；开往 by leaps and bounds 飞速地，突飞猛进地know no bounds 无限，极为 with in the bounds of 在…范围内 break in on 打扰；打断 break out into 长出(嫩芽等)；迸发出break up 分裂，分解；解散 hold one's breath (由于激动等原因)屏息lose one's breath 喘不过气来，呼吸困难bring forth 使产生；生(孩子) bring forward 使涌现出 bring...into contact 使…和…接触 bring off 救出；成功地做某事 bring on 引导，导致；使发展 bring over 把…带来；使某人转变bring under 镇压；压制；使就范brush off 刷去；掸去；拂去 brush up 擦亮；重新学习；复习 burn down 把…夷为平地 burn oneself out (因过劳而)筋疲力尽burst into 闯入；突然发作 burst up 爆炸；失败；突然发怒 burst upon 突然来到 buy out 出钱使(某人)放弃地位 buy up 全买；尽可能买进 call at 作短暂访问；停(泊) call down 祈求到；招来 the roll call 点名 call...to account 责问，要求…说明理由calm down 平静下来；镇定下来 can do with 满足于；希望得到 cap in hand 恭敬地，谦恭地 be careful of 当心…对…仔细 be careful with 照顾；对…过细地 carry away 运走，使失去自制力 carry forward 推进，发扬 carry into effect 实行，实现，实施catch at 想抓住；立即接受 catch up 赶上；打断…的话 be cautious of 留心…，谨防… stand a good chance 很有可能，大有希望in charge 主管；在…掌管之下 in full charge 负全责；勇猛向前 be charitable to 对…慈善 check over 检查；调查 check with 与…相符合
大学英语四六级写作常用连接词和词组
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英语六级作文翻译必背
一、常用句型 一)原因 1.A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem). 2. The change in https://www.360docs.net/doc/f014859635.html,rgely results from the fact that... 3. We may blame ...，but the real causes are... 4.Another contributing factor (cause ) is ... 二)比较 1.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B. 2.For all the disadvantages，it has its compensating advantages. 3.A and B has several points in common. 4. People used to think ...，but things are different now. 三)批驳 1．There is a grain of truth in these statements，but they ignore a more important fact. 2．Some people say ...，but it does not hold water. 3．It makes no sense to argue for ... 4．Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ... 四)后果 1. It may give rise to a host of problems. 2. The immediate result it produces is ... 3. It will exercise a profound influence upon... 4. Its consequence can be so great that... 五)举例 1．A good case in point is ... 2．Such examples might be given easily. 六)证明 1．No one can deny the fact that ... 2．Recent studies indicate that ... 3．There is sufficient evidence to show that ... 七)开篇 1．Many nations have been faced with the problem of ... 2．Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular. 3．Faced with ...，quite a few people argue that ... 4．According to a recent survey，... 5．With the rapid development of ...... 八)结尾 1. From what has been discussed above，we can draw the conclusion that ... 2. It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ... 3. With the efforts of all parts concerned，the problem will be solved thoroughly. 九)解释原因的 1.to begin with，then，furthermore，finally(强烈推荐) 2.to start with，next，in addition，finally(强烈推荐) 3.first and foremost，besides，last but not least(强烈推荐) 4.most important of all，moreover，finally 5.on the one hand，on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 6.for one thing，for another thing(适用于两点的情况) 十)前后连接词 then，therefore，consequently，accordingly，hence，as a result，for this reason，so that
六级英语作文常用短语
六级英语作文常用短语 Prepared on 22 November 2020
六级英语作文常用短语(上) economy and reform经济与改革 gnp (gross national product)国民生产总值 per capita人均 give incentive to鼓励 improve economic environment改善经济环境 rectify economic order整顿经济秩序 control inflation控制通货膨胀 invigorate enterprises搞活企业 poor management/poorly managed管理不善 primary/secondary/tertiary industry第一/第二/第三产业 foreign funded enterprises外资企业 joint venture合资企业 wholly foreign owned funded enterprises独自企业 living standard生活水平 industry 工业 fixed assets固定资产 sino-foreign joint venture中外合资企业 autonomy in operation经营自主 deficit亏空，赤字 economic strength经济实力 total industrial and agricultural output value工农业总产值 national economic system国民经济体系 to work for more and better economic result提高经济效益 national revenue国民收入 consumption level消费水平 foreign trade and special economic zones对外贸易和经济特区 interior areas内地 trading partner贸易伙伴 corporate income tax企业所得税 export/import duty出口/进口关税 to coordinate the development协调发展 to be approved by the state国家批准 balance of payment收支平衡 transnational corporation跨国公司 economic and technological development zone经济技术开发区 utilize foreign investment利用外资 direct foreign investment国外直接投资 to improve investment environment改善投资环境 technology and knowledge intensive project技术密集，知识密集型项目 favorable/unfavorable trade balance 顺差/逆差 education教育
六级写作常用短语
段落篇章开头常用词组和句型 As far as…is concerned 对……而言；就……而论As far as we know 就我们所知 As everybody knows 众所周知 As the proverb says 有句谚语这么说 As the saying goes 俗语说 First of all 首先 Generally speaking 总而言之；一般来说 I am of the opinion that 我认为 In the first place 首先 It can be said with certainly that 可以肯定地说 It cannot be denied that 不可否认的是 It goes without saying that 不言而喻，不用说 It has been demonstrated/proved that 已经被证明的是As a matter of fact 事实上 As has been already discussed 正如已经讨论过的 As has been mentioned above 如上所述 As we can see from the above table 从上表可知 By reason of 由于 Compared with 与……相比 Considering 考虑到 Contrary to 与……相反
Despite the fact that 尽管 Due to 由于 Even if 即使 For example 例如 For one thing……for another thing……一方面，另一方面For this reason 由于这个 However, the difficulty lies in 然而，问题在于 In a broad sense 从广义上说 In a similar way 同样 It is estimated that 据估计 It is generally agreed that 人们通常认为 It is believed that 大家认为 It is predicated that 据称 It must be admitted that 必须承认的是 It must be pointed that 必须指出的是 No one can deny that 谁也不可否认的是 Now that we know that 既然我们知道 So long as 只要 There is no denying the fact that 无可否认 There is no doubt that 毫无疑问 Therefore, we should realize that 因此，我们应当明白To begin with 首先
大学英语六级写作-高级词汇、短语、句型
㈠比较 1.The advantages far outweigh(比…重要) the disadvantages. 2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B. 3.A may be preferable(更可取的) to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that... 4.It is reasonable to maintain that …but it would be foolish to claim that … 5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages. 6.A and B has several points in common. 7.A bears some resemblances to B. 8.However, the same is not applicable to B. 9.The same is true of B. 10.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks. ㈡原因 1.A number of factors are accountable/responsible for this situation. 2.The answer to this problem involves many factors. 3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that... 4. We may blame.. ,but the real causes are... 5. Part of the explanations for it is that ... 6.Another contributing factor (cause) is ... 7.We have good reasons to believe that… ㈢措施 1.Overcome/conquer the difficulties 2.Do our utmost(极限) in doing… 3.Take measures/steps/action/approach ㈣变化 1.A great change will certainly be produced. 2….bring about many changes. ㈤事实、现状 1.We can’t ignore the fact that… 2.No one can deny the fact that… 3.There is no denying that… ㈥后果 1. It may give rise to/trigger a host of problems. 2. The immediate result it produces is ... 3. It will exercise a profound influence upon... 4. Its consequence can be so great that... ㈦批驳 1.It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.(遗漏省略) 2.There is a grain of(一些) truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact. 3.Some people say ..., but it does not hold water(说得通,站得住脚). 4.Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ... 5.Such statements mainly rest/rely on the assumption that ...
2017大学英语六级历年真题常考词组一
2017大学英语六级历年真题常考词组 一 ? 1.Above all:最重要的是，most important of all Above all, they’ll have to discover how much nitrogen it possesses since nitrogen is4/5 of the air breathe.(2002-1) 2.Account for:解释。说明 How do you account for the truth? 3.After all：终究，毕竟 We won’t be laid off after all.(1998-1) 4.Air /car crash:空难，车祸 5.Allergic to:过敏 I’m allergic to beef and mutton. 6.Appeal to:吸引，呼吁。 Could you tell me which position you think most appeals to you?(2002-6) 7.Apply for/to, application letter 申请，求职信 8.At ease:安逸，自由自在 I don’t know why he is ill at ease?心神不宁 9.Back up:支持，援助。 10.Beat the crowd :避开人群，避开高峰 The only to beat the crowds when you do the grocery shopping on Sunday is to be here when they open at 9 sharp.(1990-6)
英语六级作文常用句子及万能模板
英语六级作文高级句子及万能模板句式 1．随着经济的快速发展 with the rapid development of economy 2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard 3．先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology 4．面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges 5．人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that… 6．社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development 7．引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 8．不可否认It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that… 9．热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate 10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue 11．完全不同的观点 a totally different argument 12．一些人…而另外一些人…
Some people… while others… 13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 14．就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on… 15．有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons 16．双方的论点 argument on both sides 17．发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in…18．对…必不可少be indispensable to … 19．正如谚语所说As the proverb goes: 20．…也不例外…be no exceptio n 21．对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…22．利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 23．导致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 24．复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon 25．责任感/ 成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement 26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation 27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision 28．学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills 29．经济/心理负担