毕业设计(论文)_蓄电池智能检测系统设计

摘要

铅酸蓄电池组是许多交通工具的动力源或应急电源，因此电池组的性能将直接关系到交通工具的正常运行。为了提高蓄电池的使用寿命，保证其可靠运行，需要经常对蓄电池参数进行严格测量，以确保蓄电池组处于最佳的工作状况。以往，蓄电池参数的测量都是人工完成的。人工测量速度慢，测量精度不高，而且有害气体影响人体健康。为减少工人的劳动强度，保障测量人员身体健康，提高测量速度和测量精度，对蓄电池参数进行自动测量显得尤为重要。

由于受环境限制，要求系统简小而且实用，方便对单一电池进行维修和日常的维护，因此本次设计的是检测一路蓄电池端电压的系统。监测系统是以AT89C51单片机为核心，其工作性能优良，使用灵活、功耗低，是一个性价比较高的芯片。数据采集完成后选用ADC0809进行电压信号的模数转换，测量数据在LCD1602上显示，通过MAX232电平转换电路将测得的电压数据传到PC机上显示、存储。

关键词：单片机；铅酸蓄电池；智能检测；显示；通讯

Abstract

The lead-acid storage battery group is the drive power supply or contingency power supply for many traffic tools．So the performance of the storage battery group is directly related to the normal running of traffic tools．It is necessary to measure batteries’ parameters accurately and frequently in order to enhance their lives，run them reliably and ensure the batteries in the optimal working states．In the past the testing of the storage batteries’parameters was completed artificially．However this method has many disadvantages．It’s slow to test batteries artificially，the measurement precision is low，and the surroundings of storage battery cabin are very harmful to people’s health．So it’s very important to design a device which can test batteries automatically．

Because suffer environmental restrictions, request system, convenient and practical Jane small on a single battery for repair and routine maintenance of the design, so the battery voltage is the system test all the way. Monitoring system based on AT89C51, its work fine performance, use agile, low power consumption, is a high cost performance chip. Data collection after the completion of the ADC0809 voltage signal selection in frequency-field on LCD1602, measurement data display, through MAX232 level measured transform circuit will the voltage upload data PC computer display, storage.

Key Words：Single—chip computer；Lead-acid battery；Intellectual detection system；Display; communication

目录

摘要.............................................................................................................................................................. I Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... II 1 绪论 . (1)

1.1铅酸蓄电池的简单介绍 (1)

1.2铅酸蓄电池检测系统简介 (3)

1.3进行铅酸蓄电池研究的主要意义 (3)

2 硬件部分主要芯片简介 (5)

2.1单片机AT89C51 (5)

2.2液晶显示芯片LCD1602 (8)

2.3模数转换芯片ADC0809 (10)

2.4锁存器扩展并行输出口74LS373 (12)

2.5电平转换芯片MAX232 (14)

3 硬件部分设计 (16)

3.1硬件部分原理框图 (16)

3.2最小系统电路 (18)

3.3电压测量电路 (20)

3.4显示电路 (21)

3.5通讯电路 (23)

4 软件部分设计 (25)

4.1系统总程序设计 (25)

4.2电压测量A/D转换程序设计 (26)

4.3显示程序设计 (29)

4.4通讯程序设计 (32)

结论 (34)

致谢 (35)

参考文献 (36)

附录1 蓄电池智能检测原理图设计 (37)

附录2 蓄电池智能检测PCB图设计 (38)

附录3 蓄电池智能检测程序设计 (39)