科学探索与发现(远古外星人)

Essay of Science and Discovery Title: The Ancient Architect and Extraterrestrials
Dept. or School: Electrical Engineering Faculty
Yin Tang Student Num: 201000192026
Shandong University
21th May, 2011
Context
Introduction (3)
1.Myth and Tale (3)
2. Ancient Architect (4)
2.1 Ancient Observatory (4)
Stonehenge (4)
Goseck circle (5)
El Caracol, the Observatory (5)
Cheomseongdae (8)
2.2 Navigation Mark (8)
Nazca Lines (9)
Carnac stones (12)
2.3 Portal (14)
Puerta de Hayu Marca (15)
Egyptian Pyramids (16)
2.4 Monument (17)
Easter Island Moai (17)
Statue of Zeus at Olympia (18)
3. Conclusion (19)
Reference (20)
Introduction
Modern technologies enable us to have a spectacular vista of other galaxies and even go further in exploring the universe, and with raising concern and curiosity, human beings have a great desire to know whether extraterrestrial intelligence exists and exert their efforts to go deeper outside our solar system. But some people known to be ancient aliens scholars who have found a series of evidence in our ancient debris or relics declare that our Earth has already been visited by the aliens thousands of years ago. The time of their visits can data back to ice age and they believe ancient aliens helped to enlighten our ancestors, reshaped and even reshaping the process of human history. Though main-steam archeologists don’t stand on their side, those discoveries and their study are quite inspiring for all of us. From the thriving to the decline of those ancient civilizations, maybe we can find the reflection of our modern society, which merits our profound thinking of the way we survive.
1.Myth and Tale
In ancient Greek myth, Zeus was the god of the sky and thunder. His hand held a powerful weapon which could emit deadly thunder bolt destructive enough to burn a whole city to ground. His counterpart in Roman and Etruscan were Jupiter and Tinia respectively. We can also see his duplication Odin regarded as the God by Scandinavians. Similarly in Buddhist texts, Śakra known as the king of Heaven and thunder, riding on a divine elephant Airavata, eliminating the enemies by a King Kong cudgel. In totally irrelevant regions, Greece, North Europe and India, is it a coincidence that all the Gods they worshipped had almost the same features: governing the sky and mastering the thunder? Or in other words, are they the same God or actually the same person in reality? Who obtained such advanced technology while most of our ancestors were still in barbarity? The only sensible explanation is that these Gods were actually extraterrestrial intelligence. However from some cave paintings and sculptures of ancient time, archeologists discovered their Gods were depicted with similar features to the extraterrestrial we talk today. Yet there is still lacking evidence to prove this ancient aliens theory.
Fig 1.1 Ancient paintings from V al
Camonica, Italy are believed to depict
forgotten deities; ancient astronaut
proponents claim these pictures resemble
modern day astronauts despite being painted
ca. 10,000 BC.
2. Ancient Architect
The marvelous ancient architects still astound modern people as they first came into the discoverers’ sight. Not only does its gorgeous visual impact appeal to us, also the mysteries beyond the structure, captivating us with its unknown history. Ancient-aliens scholars believe that some of them can give us a clue to get a better understanding about the ancient time and the fascinating cosmos. Through my study, those ancient architects associated with extraterrestrials can be classified as the following four sorts by their different functions. Although such classification is not very precise, for instance, some of the functions are intersected, or some of the architects have none of the four functions yet still belong to the ancient extraterrestrial civilization, it’s worth reading.
2.1 Ancient Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology, meteorology, geology, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed. Historically, observatories were as simple as containing an astronomical sextant (for measuring the distance between stars) or Stonehenge (which has some alignments on astronomical phenomena). Whilst these places were used for human sacrifice when celestial events happened, to please the Gods, probably the ancient aliens. Generally, observatories at high altitude with clear-vision are less affected by the atmosphere and topography. So ancient buildings serving as observatories often accord with the conditions above, and here are some ancient observatories cites.
Stonehenge
Stonehenge is a prehistoric architects located in the English county of Wiltshire, about 3.2 kilometers (2.0 mi) west of Amesbury and 13 kilometers (8.1 mi) north of Salisbury. Stonehenge is composed of earthworks surrounding a circular setting of large standing stones.Archaeologists have believed that the iconic stone monument was erected around 2500 BC. Whatever religious, mystical or spiritual elements were central to Stonehenge; its design includes a celestial observatory function, which might have allowed prediction of eclipse, solstice, equinox and other celestial events important to a contemporary religion.
Fig. 2.1.1 Summer Solstice in 2005, sunrise over Stonehenge
Another auxiliary structure for observation is the Heel Stone. It lies just outside the main entrance to the henge, next to the present A344 road. It is a rough stone, 16 feet (4.9 m) above ground, leaning inwards towards the stone circle. It has been known by many names in the past, including "Friar's Heel" and "Sun-stone". Today it is uniformly referred to as the Heel Stone or Heelstone. When one stands within Stonehenge, facing north-east through the entrance towards the heel stone, one sees the sun rise above the stone at summer solstice.
Goseck circle
The Goseck circle is a Neolithic structure in Goseck in the Burgenlandkreis district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany . It consists of a set of concentric ditches 75 meters (246 feet) across and two palisade rings containing gates in defined places. It is considered the earliest sun observatory currently known in the world. Interpretations of the ring suggest that European Neolithic and Bronze Age people measured the heavens far earlier and more accurately than historians have thought. The site was made public in August 2003. German media have called the site "German Stonehenge," although the use of the term henge for structures outside Britain and Ireland is disputed and it apparently has no earth bank. The first sign of the circle was a 1991 aerial survey photograph that showed circular ridges under a
wheat field. The crop marks were easy to see in a season of drought. Francois Bertemes and Peter Biehl of the University of Halle-Wittenberg began a major excavation of the site in 2002. When
archaeologists combined the evidence with GPS observations, they noticed that the two southern openings marked the sunrise and sunset of the winter solstice and summer solstice.
El Caracol, the Observatory
The Maya were keen astronomers and had mapped out the phases of celestial objects, especially the Moon and V enus. Many temples have doorways and other features aligning to celestial events. Round temples, often dedicated to Kukulcan, are perhaps those most often described as "observatories" by modern ruin tour-guides, but there is no evidence that they were so used exclusively, and temple pyramids of other shapes may well have been used for observation as well.
Fig. 2.1.2 Site of the Goseck circle.
The yellow lines represent the
direction the Sun rises and sets at the
winter solstice, while the vertical line
shows the astronomical meridian
Fig. 2.1.3 El Caracol, the Observatory of Maya
El Caracol, the Observatory, is a unique structure at pre-Columbian Maya civilization site of Chichen Itza. El Caracol, which means 'snail' in Spanish, is so named due to the spiral staircase inside the tower. The structure is dated to around AD906, the Late Classic period of Mesoamerican chronology, by the stelae on the Upper Platform. It is suggested that the El Caracol was an ancient Maya observatory building and served as a man-made marker, and provided a way for the Ancient Maya people to observe changes in the sky.
The observers could view the sky above the vegetation on the Y ucatán Peninsula without any
obstruction. So such an observation functions well to mark the obits of constellations and planets due to the flattened landscape of Y ucatán with no natural markers for this function around Chichen Itza.
Fig. 2.1.4 an close-up shot of El Caracol. Fig. 2.1.5 Babelsberg Observatory, Germany
El Caracol makes a great leap in our astronomy history. In comparison to Babelsberg Observatory built in 1913, El Caracol is no doubt to be an embryo of modern astronomical observatories. Of 29 possible astronomical events (eclipses, equinoxes, solstices, etc) believed to be of interest to the Mesoamerican residents of Chichén Itzá, sight lines for 20 can be found in the structure. Since a portion of the tower resting on El Caracol has been lost, it is possible that the other measurements will never be ascertained to have been observed.
Combined with their sophisticated mathematics, whose number system is in some respects very similar to ours, but instead of the decimal system we have today, the Maya used the vigesimal system for their calculations. Base twenty was also used in their calendar, developed by astronomers for keeping track of time. (See Fig. 2.1.5 Maya numerals)
Fig. 2.1.6 Maya numerals
Inscriptions show them on occasion working with sums up to the hundreds of millions and dates so large it would take several lines just to represent it. Only in cosmos navigation can these huge numbers be used. They also produced extremely accurate astronomical observations; their charts of the movements of the moon and planets are equal or superior to those of any other civilization working from naked eye observation.
In common with the other Mesoamerican civilizations, the Maya had measured the length of the solar year to a high degree of accuracy, far more accurately than that used in Europe as the basis of the Gregorian calendar. The modern Gregorian calendar accumulates a day's error in approximately 3257 years. By comparison, in Mayan solar calendar, solar year was measured to be 365.2420 days, accumulating only a day’s error in approximately 5000 years. And Mayan is the only one people worshiped the V enus, it cost them a 384-year period to measure a V enus calendar, which is 584 days per V enus year, only 0.8 day’s error compared to modern measurement. However their agriculture remained a very primitive level, unlike the lunar calendars used in Chinese agriculture, the accurate calendars seemed belong to an alien civilization.
Cheomseongdae
Cheomseongdae is an astronomical observatory in Gyeongju, South Korea. Cheomseongdae means "star gazing platform". The tower is built out of 362 pieces of cut granite which some claim represent the 362 days of the lunar year. Some surveys of the site have indicated that there are 366 blocks.[2] It has 27 circular layers of stones (some associate it with the fact that Queen Seondeok was considered to be the 27th ruler of Silla or the constellation of stars) surmounted by a square structure. 12 of the layers are below the window level and 12 are above. There are 12 large base stones set in a square, with three stones on each side. These sets of 12 may symbolize the months of the year.
Fig. 2.1.7 Cheomseongdae, South Korea
Is it a coincidence that in different regions throughout the world, our ancestors were fascinating about the stars, worshiping almost the same Gods, having the myth of flying supreme beings and building special structures to divide a year into four seasons, or did they really meet with extraterrestrial intelligence and just do what they had told them to do? Perhaps some inner connection does exist.
2.2 Navigation Mark
Perhaps landing is the first task for aliens. But without radar tower or other guidance, it will be a risk landing on uncharted territory. Huge visible marks are needed in their revisit to the earth, in order to reduce the landing difficulty. As being a navigation mark, it should correspond to the following elements:
1. Visible in the sky or space. That requires the mark be in a huge size.
By Rayleigh Criterion, θ=1.22λ/D. suppose λ=500nm, within the range of visible light, the diameter of a human’s pupil 4mm, so θ=1.525×10 rads. The lowest orbit of a man-made
satellite is 120km, at this height, only the object whose width is no less than 18.3m, regardless of
The tower is 5.7 meters wide at the base and 9.4
meters tall, and filled with earth up to the level of
the window. (See Fig. 2.1.7) The Cheomseongdae
is the oldest surviving observatory in East Asia,
though some claim that Cheomseongdae was not
suitable for astronomical observation. Others posit
that it was used for astrology rather than
astronomy, though during that era there was little
differentiation between the two. Some scholars
have argued that the Cheomsongdae's design was
heavily influenced by Buddhism, noting
similarities between its design and Mount Sumeru,
the center of the world according to Buddhist
mythology.
the atmosphere condition, and should long enough.
2.With peculiar shape. To be recognizable, the mark itself ought to be distinguished from its
surrounding. So it often possesses angular shapes.
3.Remarkable color. Of course, apart from the moonlight, the illumination was extremely poor at
that time. Thus the color also should be different from the background. Painted in white, navigation marks can reflect more light, making them easier spotted even in the dark.
Nazca Lines
The Nazca Lines are a series of ancient geoglyphs located in the Nazca Desert in southern Peru. The high, arid plateau stretches more than 80 kilometers between the towns of Nazca and Palpa on the Pampas de Jumana about 400 km south of Lima. Although some local geoglyphs resemble Paracas motifs, scholars believe the Nazca Lines were created by the Nazca culture between 400 and 650 AD. The hundreds of individual figures range in complexity from simple lines to stylized hummingbirds, spiders, monkeys, fish, sharks, orcas, llamas, and lizards.
The lines are shallow designs made in the ground by removing the ubiquitous reddish pebbles and uncovering the whitish ground beneath. Hundreds are simple lines or geometric shapes; more than seventy are designs of animal, bird, fish or human figures. The area encompassing the lines is nearly 500 square kilometers (190 sq mi), and the largest figures can span nearly 270 meters (890 ft). The largest figures are over 200 meters (660 ft) across, much larger than 18.3m we have calculated before.
Fig. 2.2.1 the Hummingbird, Nazca Lines
Archeologists, ethnologists and anthropologists have studied the ancient Nazca culture and the complex to try to determine the purpose of the lines and figures. One theory is that the Nazca people created them to be seen by their gods in the sky. Kosok and Reiche advanced a purpose related to astronomy and cosmology: the lines were intended to act as a kind of observatory, to point to the places on the distant horizon where the sun and other celestial bodies rose or set. Many prehistoric indigenous cultures in the Americas and elsewhere constructed earthworks that combined such astronomical sighting with their religious cosmology, as did the later Mississippian culture at Cahokia in present-day United States. Another example is Stonehenge in England. We can also find that Nazca Lines are linked to the famous Crop circles, from the way of construction to the meaning of the symbols.
Fig. 2.2.2 the Heron, Nazca Lines
Fig. 2.2.3 Corp Circle in England
Swiss author Erich von Däniken suggests the Nazca lines and other complex constructions represent higher technological knowledge than he believes existed when the glyphs were created. V on Däniken maintains that the Nazca lines in Peru are runways of an ancient airfield that was used by extraterrestrials mistaken by the natives to be their gods.
Maria Reiche's protégé Phillis Pitluga, an astronomer at the Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum, believes, based on computer aided studies of star alignments, that the giant spider figure is an anamorphic diagram of the constellation Orion. She further suggests that three of the straight lines leading to the figure were used to track the changing declinations of the three stars of Orion's Belt but does not take into account the other twelve lines.
Both Maya and Nazca civilization mentioned Orion, and ancient aliens scholars believe that is where the ancient astronauts came from. To memorize these aliens, Mayan and other American natives
constructed a variety of artificial landscapes. That’s why their cultures have a lot of similarities.
Fig. 2.2.4 Astronaut, Nazca Lines
Carnac stones
The Carnac stones are an exceptionally dense collection of megalithic sites around the French village of Carnac, in Brittany, consisting of alignments, dolmens, tumuli and single menhirs. The more than 3,000 prehistoric standing stones were hewn from local rock and erected by the pre-Celtic people of Brittany, and are the largest such collection in the world. There are three major groups of stone rows — Ménec, Kermario and Kerlescan — which may have once formed a single group, but have been split up as stones were removed for other purpose.
One mysterious thing of the alignment is that some of the rocks weigh 200 tons, a few of them even reach 350 tons. Even today, erecting such huge stones is a kind of tough work, let alone the pre-Celtic people of Brittany. On the other hand, what’s the purpose?
This scene would be better interpreted as the navigation marks for ancient astronauts. Viewing from the sky, the alignments form three main rectangles, seeming that they were erected with the assistance from the aircraft. There are three main stone groups.
Ménec alignments
Eleven converging rows of menhirs stretch for 1,165 by 100 meters (3,822 by 330 ft). There is what Alexander Thom considered to be the remains of stone circles at either end. According to the tourist
office there is a "cromlech containing 71 stone blocks" at the western end and a very ruined cromlech at the eastern end. The largest stones, around 4 meters (13 ft) high, are at the wider, western end; the stones then become as small as 0.6 meters (2 ft 0 in) high along the length of the alignment before growing in height again toward the extreme eastern end.
Fig. 2.2.5 Ménec alignments
Kermario (“House of the Dead”) alignment
This fan-like layout recurs a little further along to the east in the Kermario alignment. It consists of 1029 stones in ten columns, about 1,300 m (4,300 ft) in length. A stone circle to the east end, where the stones are shorter, was revealed by aerial photography.
Fig. 2.2.6 Kermario alignment
Kerlescan alignments
A smaller group of 555 stones is further to the east of the other two sites. It is composed of 13 lines
with a total length of about 800 meters (2,600 ft), ranging in height from 80 cm (2 ft 7 in) to 4 m (13 ft).At the extreme west, where the stones are tallest, there is a stone circle which has 39 stones. There may also be another stone circle to the north.
Fig. 2.2.7 Kerlescan alignments
Whether Carnac Stone can be seen in space remains a question, no matter Ménec, Kerlescan or Kermario alignments, the length range from 800 meters (2,600 ft) to 1,300 m (4,300 ft), formed by over 3000 stones. Three aerial photographs (Fig. 2.2.5, Fig. 2.2.6 and Fig. 2.2.7) present the clear white dots on the ground. Strange electromagnetic level is also detected around the Carnac because the alignments consist of hundreds of lodestones. Aliens’ spacecrafts steer by this magnetic field can easily locate themselves in blind flight.
2.3 Portal
Mysterious places like Egyptian Pyramids always intrigue thousands of scientists to unlock the enigma, ancient astronaut theorists deem that the natural energy crisscross the earth and converge in some specific points. And usually they are also the location of the unexplained places and structures, like Bermuda Triangle, Zone of Silence and Egyptian Pyramids which line up in near 30°N. Probably ancient astronauts might have invented a way to accessing this kind of energy for hyper dimensional travel. According to Sara Seager, professor of Planetary Sciences, MIT, the probability is not zero. She said: “Dimensions aren’t really something considered to travel along, but dimension are directions, and if you could somehow travel along these other dimensions, it would take you somewhere else entirely.” At the Max Planck Institute, scientists have already dematerialized subatomic particles and made them reappear somewhere else, so science is just on the precipice of being able to do this. To create a portal for hyper space travel, ancient cosmonauts need immense energy, and they knew how to magnify this kind of energy by building particular structures. The native view them as sanctuary because their gods appear and disappear here. Puerta de Hayu Marca is such a strange site in Peru.
Puerta de Hayu Marca
The native Indians of the region had a legend that spoke of "a gateway to the lands of the Gods", and in that legend, it was said that in times long past great heroes had gone to join their gods, and passed through the gate for a glorious new life of immortality, and on rare occasions those men returned for a short time with their gods to "inspect all the lands in the kingdom" through the gate. Another legend tells of the time when the Spanish Conquistadors arrived in Peru and looted gold and precious stones from the Inca tribes. According to one legend presented in the book, Secret of the Andes by Brother Philip, (as channeled by author/contactee, George Hunt Williamson, "Road in the Sky" -- Markawasi), one Incan priest of the Temple of the Seven Rays named Amaru Meru (Aramu Muru) fled from his temple with a sacred golden disk known as "the key of the gods of the seven rays", and hid in the mountains of Hayu Marca. He eventually came upon the doorway which was being watched by shamen priests. He showed them the key of the gods and a ritual was performed with the conclusion of a magical occurrence initiated by the golden disk which opened the portal, and according to the legend blue light did emanate from a tunnel inside. The priest Amaru Meru handed the golden disk to the shamen and then passed through the portal "never to be seen again". Archeologists have observed a small hand sized circular depression on the right hand side of the small entranceway, and have theorized that this is where a small disk could be placed and held by the rock. It is interesting to note that the structure undeniably resembles the Gate of the Sun at Tiwanaku (Tiahuanaco) and five other archeological sites which link together a cross by imaginary straight lines crossing each other exactly at the point where the plateau and Lake Titicaca are located. Locals report glowing blue spheres and bright white and rainbow-colored objects sighted over the Lake. The aforementioned legend concludes with a prophecy that the door of the gods will one day open "many times bigger than it actually is" and allow the gods to return in their Sun Ships.
Fig. 2.3.1 Puerta de Hayu Marca, Peru.
Fig. 2.3.2 Gateway of the Sun, Tiwanaku
According to Jorge Lius Delgado Mamani’s testimony, in Peruvian local language, natives have a word called Chakana, which is some of the constellations, like the Southern Cross, Orion Belt or Pleiades. They were called by the elders “the bridge to home” So, in essence, all these manifestations has to do with the extraterrestrials.
Egyptian Pyramids
The shape of Egyptian pyramids is thought to represent the primordial mound from which the Egyptians believed the earth was created. The shape of a pyramid is thought to be representative of the descending rays of the sun, and most pyramids were faced with polished, highly reflective white limestone, in order to give them a brilliant appearance when viewed from a distance. Pyramids were often also named in ways that referred to solar luminescence. While it is generally agreed that pyramids were burial monuments, there is continued disagreement on the particular theological principles that might have given rise to them. One theory is that they were designed as a type of "resurrection machine."
The Egyptians believed the dark area of the night sky around which the stars appear to revolve was the physical gateway into the heavens. One of the narrow shafts that extend from the main burial chamber through the entire body of the Great Pyramid points directly towards the center of this part of the sky. This suggests the pyramid may have been designed to serve as a means to magically launch the deceased pharaoh's soul directly into the abode of the gods, or designed to be “a bridge to home” alike
Puerta de Hayu Marca, probably a portal to the infinite universe.
2.4 Monument
Easter Island Moai
Moai are monolithic human figures carved from rock on the Polynesian island of Easter Island between the years 1250 and 1500. Nearly half are still at Rano Raraku, the main moai quarry, but hundreds were transported from there and set on stone platforms called ahu around the island's perimeter. Almost all moai have overly large heads three-fifths the size of their bodies. The moai are chiefly the living faces of deified ancestors . The statues still gazed inland across their clan lands when Europeans first visited the island, but most would be cast down during later conflicts between clans.
The 887 statues' production and transportation is considered a remarkable creative and physical feat. The tallest moai erected, called Paro, was almost 10 meters (33 ft) high and weighed 82 tons; the heaviest erected was a shorter but squatter moai at Ahu Tongariki, weighing 86 tons; and one unfinished sculpture, if completed, would have been approximately 21 meters (69 ft) tall with a weight of about 270 tons.
Fig. 2.4.1 Moai facing inland at Ahu Tongariki, restored by Chilean archaeologist Claudio Cristino Main stream archeologists suggested that to honor the Gods, the natives made these moai by timbers. Since the island was treeless by the time the Europeans first visited, the movement of the statues was a mystery for a long time; pollen analysis has now established that the island was almost totally forested until 1200 CE. The tree pollen disappeared from the record by 1650, and the statues stopped being made around that time.
Although in 1986 archaeologist Charles Love had successfully move a 10-ton replica with simple tools and equipments assumed to be owned by the residents in Easter Island., it is not known exactly how the moai were moved across the island, but the process almost certainly required human energy, ropes, and possibly wooden sledges (sleds) and/or rollers, as well as leveled tracks across the island (the Easter Island roads).
Because their odd face features, they may be deemed as the embodiment of powerful living, or maybe the aliens who did have a visitation on this island, mistaken by the local residents as their Gods.
Fig. 2.4.2 Moai set in the hillside at Rano Raraku
Statue of Zeus at Olympia
The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was made by the Greek sculptor Phidias, circa 432 BC on the site where it was erected in the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Greece. The seated statue, some 12 meters (43 feet) tall, occupied half of the width of the aisle of the temple built to house it. "It seems that if Zeus were to stand up," the geographer Strabo noted early in the 1st century BC, "he would unroof the temple." The Zeus was a chryselephantine sculpture, made of ivory and gold-plated bronze. No copy in marble or bronze has survived, though there are recognizable but approximate versions on coins of nearby Elis and on Roman coins and engraved gems. A very detailed description of the sculpture and its throne was recorded by the traveler Pausanias, in the 2nd century AD. The sculpture was wreathed with shoots of olive worked in gold and seated on a magnificent throne of cedarwood, inlaid with ivory, gold, ebony, and precious stones. In Zeus' right hand there was a small statue of crowned Nike, goddess of victory, also chryselephantine, and in his left hand, a sceptre inlaid with gold, on which an eagle perched. Plutarch, in his Life of the Roman general Aemilius Paulus, records that the victor over Macedon, when he beheld the statue, “was moved to his soul, as if he had seen the god in person,” while the 1st century AD Greek orator Dio Chrysostom declared that a single glimpse of the statue would make a man forget all his earthly troubles.
According to a legend, when Phidias was asked what inspired him—whether he climbed Mount Olympus to see Zeus, or whether Zeus came down from Olympus so that Pheidias could see him—the artist answered that he portrayed Zeus according to Book One, verses 528 – 530 of Homer's Iliad: He spoke, the son of Kronos, and nodded his head with the dark brows,。