大学英语IV听说教程原文
新编大学英语视听说教程4听力原文及答案
视听说4 听力原文及答案Unit 1 Leisure activitiesPart 1 listening oneEver wish you could do magic tricks, or introduce yourself as “magician” at a party? Imagine, everybody wants to have fun, but nothings’ really happening, it’s time for you to show one of your new tricks. Here, you can learn how, and without any need for special materials or much practice.times as this will arrange the grains of salt. Then it will stand up. Don't forget to thank the chicken.Questions:1.What does the magician ask people to do in the first trick2.What happens to the coin?3.How does the magician prove that he can communicate his thoughts to theaudience in the second trick?4.What is the first step to make the egg stand upright?5.What else is needed to make the egg stand upright?Keys: 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. DPart 1 listening two(The following is an interview from a weekly sports program.)Presenter: Good morning, listeners. Welcome to our weekly sports program aimed at all those underactive youngsters with time on their hands! Listen to whatour two guests have to say about their hobbies and how their hobbies havemade a difference to their lives. Adrienne first, then, Jonathan. Adrienne: I collect very interesting jewelry. I tend to travel a lot as most of my familyI and skills is a very compelling reason to choose a particular career. Presenter: Then, Adrienne, do you have a similar plan?Adrienne: Yes, I love making beaded jewelry. I’ve decided to get some formal training. I want to learn how to be a jewelry designer.Questions:1. Who is the target audience in the program?2. What is Adrienne’s hobby?3. What does Adrienne usually buy when she visits a place?4. How does Jonathan benefit from canoeing?5. What should be the major concern in choosing a career according to Jonathan? Keys: 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. BPart 1 listening threeGerry: I've just been to see Gone with the Wind. It was fantastic. Well worth seeing.Have you ever seen it?Judy : N o, but I've read the book. I don't think I would like to see the film really. It would spoil the story for me.Gerry: Really? Oh, give me a film any day. Honestly, if I had to choose between the film of a story and the book of it, I'd go for the film.I easiertake less time: two hoursan social event: fun, go with friendsBooks: take more time: one weeknot a social event: do it on your ownbooks: use readers’ own imaginationget much more insight into the charactersfilms: spoil the storyexpensivePart 1 listening fourSally Marino gets married. After the wedding, there is a big party—a wedding reception. All the guests eat dinner. There is a band and, after dinner, everyone dances. Sally's mother and father pay for everything. At the end of the reception, Sally and her new husband cut the wedding cake and all the guests get a piece.Pete and Rose buy a new house. After moving in, they invite their friends and family to a party—a housewarming party. Everybody comes to see the new house. They look at the bedrooms, the dining room, even the garage. Pete and Rose serve drinks, sandwiches, and snacks. The party is on a Saturday afternoon.Receptionist: The first one is an aerobics class from 8:30 to 9:30 in the morning. Then there's another aerobics class at lunchtime from 12:30 to 1:30.Cathy: Right.Receptionist: Then in the evening from 5:30 to 6:30—another aerobics class too. And there's a jazz dance class from 6:30 to 7:30.Cathy: Right. And what level are they for? I mean, would they be OK for a beginner?Receptionist: The morning aerobics—8:30 to 9:30—is advanced. All the others are at the beginner to intermediate level. But let me give you a schedule.Cathy: Thanks. And how much does it cost for a class?Receptionist: You pay a ￡1 entrance fee and then the classes are ￡2.50 each and ￡3.50 for the jazz dancing. It's there on the sheet.Cathy: Oh, yes, I see.Receptionist: If you become a member, entrance is free and...Cathy: Oh, no, it's OK. I'm only in London for two weeks.Receptionist: Oh, right. That's no good then.Cathy: And I guess you have showers and everything?Receptionist: Yes, sure, and in the evenings you can use the sauna free, too.Cathy: Oh, great. So the next class is at 5:30? Well, I'll see you then.with foreign currency, changing money and all that when we go abroad. Ihate all that. And it's so confusing.Woman: O h, don't be silly, Steve.Man: And what's more, I can't speak any of the languages—you know that. It's all right for you. You can speak some foreign languages.Woman: Exactly. You see, what I'd really like to do is practice my French and Spanish. It would help me a lot at work.Man: Mm, but that's no use to me.Woman: B ut just think of the new places we'd see, the people we'd meet!Man: But look, if we stayed here, we wouldn't have to plan very much. Woman: I'm sorry, Steve. No. I don't fancy another cold English summer. Questions:1. Where does the man want to spend the summer holiday?2. According to Steve, what is considered important in planning vacation?3. What does Steve find confusing about traveling abroad?4. What will help Juliet in her work?5. What does Juliet think of summer in Britain?Keys:4. Why was it NOT possible to have football matches between two schools until 1850?5. What happened to football in 1863?Keys:1. D2. D3. A4. C5. CListening 4In one town, there were three longtime friends, Pat, Mike and Bob. Pat and Bobwere quite bright, but Mike was rather dull.One day as Pat and Mike were walking down the sidewalk together, Pat put his hand on a solid brick wall and said, "Mike, hit my hand as hard as you can." Mike struck a hard blow, but Pat pulled his hand away from the wall just before Mike's fist hit it. Of course, it hurt Mike's hand very much when he hit the wall, but Pat said, "That was a good joke on you, wasn't it?" Mike agreed, but was not too happy.The following day Mike and Bob were walking in the town square. Mike decided to play the joke on Bob. He looked around, and seeing no solid object, he placed his hand over his face and said, "Bob, hit my hand as hard as you can." Bob agreed, and as he struck a hard blow with his fist, Mike quickly pulled his hand away and wasanalysis of it. The second guy is so amazed that he says to the mermaid, "Hey, triple my IQ." The mermaid says, "Done." The guy begins pouring out all the mathematical solutions to problems that have puzzled scientists in all fields.The last guy is so impressed by the changes in his friends that he says to the mermaid, "Quintuple my IQ." The mermaid looks at him and says, "You know, I normally don't try to change people's minds when they make a wish, but I really wish you'd reconsider."The guy says, "No, I want you to increase my IQ five times, and if you don't do it, I won't set you free." "Please," says the mermaid, "you don't know what you're asking... It'll change your entire view of the universe. Won't you ask for something else? A million dollars or anything?"But no matter what the mermaid says, the guy insists on having his IQ increased by five times its usual power. So the mermaid sighs and says, "Done." And he becomes a woman.Keys: 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. Tevident.Bob White: I thought e-mail messages were gender neutral!Dr. Herring: No. While theoretical gender equality exists for the Internet, in reality women are not given equal opportunity because of differentcommunication and language styles between the sexes.Bob White: How does that happen? Do you have any hard facts to back up this impression?Dr. Herring: Yes. I've done a research project using randomly selected e-mailmessages from online discussion groups. I found that females uselanguage that is more collaborative and supportive such as "Thanksfor all your tips on...", "Good point." and "Hope this helps!". Mentend to use more aggressive or competitive language such as "Do youunderstand that?", "You should realize that...", "It is absurd tothink...".Bob White: How great are these gender differences?Dr. Herring: Males write messages using aggressive, competitive language more than twice as often as females did, while females use collaborativematter who opens the door for whom. Maybe females just should not expect too much. Life isn't a fairy tale after all.John: It's absolutely true. Sometimes I feel that there isn't any difference in the roles both genders can perform. Of course I'm not saying that men can give birth.Rather what I meant was except for the physical and natural differences between both sexes, there isn't much difference between them.Cathy: But honestly, although I don't expect guys to open doors for me, or to pull outa chair for me, I am usually quite impressed if they do so, as many guys don'tdo it nowadays. If the guy was walking in front of me and went through thedoor first, I'd appreciate it if he could hold the door and not let it slam in myface.John: Well, if I'm the one walking in front, I will open the door and hold it for the people behind me, be it a girl or a boy. I actually had the door slam right in my face a number of times though, when the person walking closely in front of me didn't hold the heavy glass door and let it swing back in my face. Of course, I tried to hold the door, but it was too heavy and too late. But I think it was more embarrassing for him than me as everyone was looking at him, while I was rubbing my squashed nose.Cathy: So being a gentleman does not stop at opening doors. There are many otherKeys:2. F F T T F2.1reflects descriptions 2.2 parents’ attitudes2.3suggest, act 2.4 raising their family, supporting their husbands2.5used to be, share these responsibilitiesPart 4 Listening 1"Equal" does not always mean "the same". Men and women are created equally but boys and girls are not born the same.You throw a little girl a ball, and it will hit her in the nose. You throw a little boy a ball, and he will try to catch it. Then it will hit him in the nose.A baby girl will pick up a stick and look in wonder at what nature has made. A baby boy will pick up a stick and turn it into a gun.When girls play with Barbie dolls, they like to dress them up and play house with them. When boys play with Barbie dolls, they like to tear their hair off.Boys couldn't care less if their hair is untidy. But for girls, if their hair got cut a quarter-inch too short, they would rather lock themselves in their room for two weeks than be seen in public.Baby girls find mommy's makeup and almost instinctively start painting their faces.One day I took my seven-year-old son with me to shop for an electric wall clock for the kitchen and found a whole counter full of them on sale at a discount store. I had trouble deciding which clock to buy. While I held one clock in my hand and looked at another, I asked my son which one he liked better.“The one you’re holding with the mouse in it, Mom,” he said.Before I understood his words, a real, live mouse jumped out onto the counter and ran away. I screamed so loud everyone turned to see what was wrong. I was so embarrassed. I tried to make my way quietly out of the store. Everyone was looking at me. On the way out the door, my delighted son recited Hickory Dickory Dock. What anaughty boy!Questions:1.Where did the story take place?2.Why did the mother ask her son which clock he liked better?3.Which clock did the boy like best?4.Why did the mother feel embossed?5.Why did he boy recite Hickory Dickory Dock?Keys:2. B 2. D3. A4. C5. DListening 4It is my belief that gender stereotypes are very real gender characteristics that are exaggerated to the extreme ends with no gray areas. So in truth a woman is "weak" physically only because a man is in reality "stronger". A woman is "submissive" only because a man in reality is more "aggressive". A woman is "emotional" only because a man is "less emotional". All these are observed facts.Are there ways to avoid the stereotyping? This is hard to do. We as males and females love to exaggerate our differences. It seems we love to do this in many ways.We love to exaggerate gender traits as if to say "Look how female I am" or "Look how male I am". Do we go so far as to actually create differences that do not exist? Not from what I see. I think we like to exaggerate our differences because the more male we feel or the more female we feel the more attractive we feel.So all in all I believe stereotypes are true differences that are exaggerated. I don't think stereotypes should be avoided because they are real. I do think that we should not place extremes of a trait to a gender as a whole and most certainly not limit someone's potential abilities based on a stereotype. Stereotypes should apply in general but not to an individual. They should serve to help make judgment but not as an absolute.proficient 6)interesting 7) original 8) less 9) finish the race Listening IIOnce Wealth and Poverty approached a merchant and introduced themselves as Goddesses. The merchant greeted both of them and said, "May I ask why you have come to my humble home?" The Goddess of Wealth said, "We want you to judge between us who is the most beautiful."The merchant did not know what to say. He knew he was between the devil and the deep blue sea. If he said that Wealth was more beautiful than Poverty, Poverty would curse him. If he said that Poverty was more beautiful than Wealth, Wealth would abandon him. However, he became calm and said, "I have great respect for you both. Would you please do what I ask of you? It is the only way I can judge properly." The Goddesses agreed. He said, "Mother Wealth, would you please walk towards my house? Mother Poverty, Would you please walk away from my house? This way I can see you both better, from near and far." The two Goddesses did what the merchant had asked them to do. Then the merchant confidently declared, "Mother Wealth! You appear most beautiful when you are nearest my house. Mother Poverty! You looktiles on the roofs, many of these houses now have living roofs. The wooden top of the house is covered with a special waterproof plastic material. On top of this there is soil, in which grass and flowers are planted. Such a roof can be very beautiful. But this really is not a new idea. When the early settlers came to the United States, they often made their houses by digging into the ground. Their roofs were made of wood, and covered by large areas of soil with grass or turf. They were warm, though not always waterproof. People replaced these houses and roofs as soon as they could live in regular wooden homes with wooden or metal roofs. Now, 200 years later, some people think of this as a new idea. But I think, "There is nothing new under the sun."1. 1) partly underground 2) living 3 ) digging into the ground 4) grass waterproofQuestions:1. What does the speaker mean by saying "There is nothing new under the sun"?2. What makes the speaker think of "earth-sheltered houses"?3. What is a living roof?4. How many years ago did the early settlers first build earth-sheltered homes?5. Why did People replace these earth-sheltered houses with regular wooden ones?transmit television.Man: Garbage! It was the Italians.Woman: No, it says here, the first TV transmission was in London, 1925. And here we are again, the first traffic lights were in London, in 1868.Man: But they didn't even have cars then, so why would they have needed traffic lights?1．D A A F C E A B B2．1)1762 2)1888/Belgium 3)1890/the United States 4)New York5)1514/Holland 1557 6) 1903 7) 1868Part 4 Listening 1Juan comes up to the Mexican border on his bicycle. He's got two large bags over his shoulders. The guard stops him and says, "What's in the bags?""Sand," answered Juan.The guard says, "We'll just see about that. Get off the bike." The guard takes the two bags and rips them apart; he empties them out and finds nothing in them but sand. He detains Juan overnight and has the sand analyzed, only to discover that there is nothing but pure sand in the bags.The guard releases Juan, puts the sand into new bags, hefts them onto the man'sLater, people learned to mix different clays together to make stronger pottery and to put the pottery in a fire oven so that the clay would harden faster. The potter's wheel was invented in China around 3,100 BC. The wheel spins clay like a top. It allows people to make pottery much more quickly and make shapes that were perfectly symmetrical—bowls that were really round, rather than lumpy or uneven. Pottery is not only considered one of the first inventions but also one of the first art forms. Most types of pottery have been painted with figures or designs; some even tell a story!1. B A C2. 1.The oldest known piece of pottery was found in china and dates back to 7900BC(and was made almost 10,000 years ago).2. It was used for holding water ,milk ,seeds, and grains.3. To make stronger pottery and to make the clay harden faster.4. It allowed people to make pottery much more quickly and to make symmetricalshapes.5. Because most types of pottery have been painted with figures or designs; someeven tell a story.Listening IIICathy: Yes, although she didn't like it.So, how did she cope?Michael:Cathy: She got an idea of putting art and candy together.Michael: How?Cathy: First she experimented with making an edible paint. She found that powdered food coloring mixed with vodka would work.Michael: That's quite a combination.Cathy: Then, for her "canvas", she melted white chocolate and molded it flat.She even learned how to make chocolate frames.Michael: What kind of art did she create?Cathy: She copied the works of famous painters. She displayed her candy art in the candy shop and customers would come in just to look at the art.Michael: What did her family think then?Cathy: They didn't take her seriously until the Toledo Museum of Art heard about her works and paid her to paint 77 reproductions of works intheir collection. That was her first big job. Now she works full-timeidea of making his own puppet show. He made a stage from wooden orange boxes and his mother's old curtains. He charged 2 cents for admission and earned 32 cents for his first performance.Spinney's family liked his creativity and encouraged him to do more . For Christmas when he was nine, his older brother made him a better puppet theater and his mother secretly sewed eight colorful puppets for him. Spinney later wrote, "The more I gave shows, the more I felt the power that one has when performing. All these people would sit in a room and listen to everything I said. I did all the character voices: little girl voices, an old lady voice, and a ghost voice. The audience listened and clapped atthe end, and also paid me to do it. What could be a better way to make a living than to perform? I knew that I would wind up in the world of entertainment."Spinney continued giving puppet shows. When he decided to go to art school, puppet shows helped him pay for his tuition. Even when he was in the army, he managed to continue giving puppet shows. He knew he wanted to do this as his life's work and that he wanted his audience to be children. When he was given the opportunity to create the character of Big Bird on "Sesame Street", he accepted it and over the years has made Big Bird one of the most beloved characters on American television.although it's really cold, you can still get a tan. Of course, the scenery is beautiful and it's really nice when you're tired to go and have a hot drink afterwards. The problem is that it's very expensive and really dangerous. But apart from getting hurt occasionally,I still thoroughly enjoy it.1. 1) tennis 2 ) quite young 3)soccer 4) a little kid 5) nearly 40 years 6)skiing 7) remember2. tennis 1,5,7 football/soccer 2,9,10 skiing 3,4,6,8Listening IIDuring the 1930s and 1940s, when someone asked a kid whom his role models were, he would often respond with the names of baseball players. Advertisers trying to sell a product would often turn to baseball stars because the public knew them and loved them. Now looking at today's baseball players, the only time we seem to hear about them is when they are complaining about their salaries. Baseball is no longer the great national pastime, and kids are looking elsewhere for their role models.Back in the 1930s and 1940s, money wasn't such an important issue. Players playedThere was no atmosphere. So we brought in a pool table and fruit machines. When players choose to spend time together, it generates a better atmosphere.The team spirit is very important, but I don't believe in motivating the team as a team.I don’t give team talks. I try to motivate the team as individuals. I speak to the players individually and try not to put too much pressure on anyone. I believe players perform best when they are relaxed. If they're too tense, I can guarantee they won't play well.I also believe in giving people autonomy. I like all the people who work for me to be autonomous. I very rarely interfere. I feel people should be judged on their results. Ifthey prove incompetent, then I'm incompetent if I continue employing them.It's like that with the team. I get criticized for not interfering during a game and for not making more substitutions. But I feel if I've chosen those 11 players to get a result, then I should leave them alone to get on with it.If I'm dropping a player from the team, I don't feel I have to explain it to them. If they want to discuss it, I'll say, "Come back and talk about it in a couple of days' time." But I don't try to remotivate them. It's up to them to have the character to fight their way back to the team. I'm a great believer that almost everything you achieve in life isas an occasion for propaganda. But why should the feelings of a few spoil it for all those who continue to be inspired by the Games?No! As long as the majority wants it, these Games will continue. This is sport, not politics, and it should remain so.1. 1.What is said about the purpose of the Olympic Games? C2.What is said about the spirit of the Olympic Games ? B3.What is said about the influence of the Games ? B2. 1.Criticism. 2. It could be harmfully deployed, as in war.3. The world is like a big family.4. Hostilities.5. The majority of people.6. To explain why the Olympic Games should be continued.hours. I suppose I finish at about midday.Karen: So you're free after twelve. What do you do then?Bo: You mean, what do I do in my spare time?Karen: Right.Bo: Well, we usually go swimming in the afternoon. That's all. I go to bed early. I want to win a gold medal for Sweden.Karen: Well, I hope you do. Thank you, Bo Lundquist. Next we have Bob Smith with me in the studio. Bob's a long distance runner and theAmerican 3000 meters champion.Bob: Hi!Karen: Hello, Bob. How is your training going?Bob: Fine, just fine. I have a really good program and I think I'm infirst-class condition.Karen: Tell me about it, Bob.Bob: Well, I don't like training early in the morning. I don't know why. I just don't like it. So I start around 10 o’clock.Karen: Mmm. And what about having lunch?People in tropical countries can read about winter sports but are unable to participate in them. They cannot build snowmen, throw snowballs, toboggan, or ice-skate. Above all, they cannot go skiing.Someone defined skiing as gliding over the ground on two boards. The sport is popular in America in the states which have snow in the winter months. The pleasure we take in this healthy outdoor activity is shared by the Finns, the Russians, the Swedes, the Norwegians, the Germans, the Italians, the Swiss, and the French, who also live in temperate zones with winter climates. But what must people from Egypt, Libya, and Nigeria think of this strange sport?Skiing, unlike tennis and baseball, is not a city sport. Until recently, even in countries with snow, it was limited to mountainous regions. Now there is a new variation that can be enjoyed by everyone. It's called ski touring.1. 1.building snowman2.throwing snowballs3.tobogganing4.ice-skating5.skiing2.Finland; Sweden; Switzerland; Germany; U.S.A; Italy; France; Norway; Russia (√)skill. Is it something that you just work hard to get, or is there a naturalsort of ability?Man: Well, there're people that have the natural ability, you know. I feel like I didn't have much. I just worked hard and that's what got me here.1. Male Baseball player 24 Pitcher five to six2. 1.What is the prime career time for a pitcher? C2. What makes the man successful in baseball, according to the conversation? A3. What can be inferred from the conversation? D4. Which of the following statements is true? D5. What kind of feeling does the man have now and then ? D6. What does the man think of baseball as a career? AListening IVLearning to swim had been surprisingly easy, thanks to the Navy's policy of dealing with fear by ignoring it. My fear of deep water left after my Navy experience. On the first day in the pool, an instructor with a voice like a bullhorn ordered 50 of us to climb a high board and jump in feet first. The board looked about 200 feet high, though it may have been only 20 or 25. A line was formed to mount the ladder andA2. How high was the board/? C3. What did the instructor do when he found out about the speaker’s problem?A4. Why did the speaker eventually jump into the pool? A5. What is the best way to overcome fear, according to the speaker? B6. Which of the following is true about the speakers’ education? D7. Which of the following can be used to describe the instructor? C8. Why did the speaker want to go to the shallow end of the pool? B9. Why did the instructor ask the speaker to do it again? D10. How did the instructor assure the speaker that he wouldn’t drown? B 2. 1) drifted 2) stepped 3) introduced 4) Quaking 5) climbed6) walked into 7)sinking 8) rising 9) broke 10)supportingUnit 6 risksListening 2Scripts:The possibility that something bad will happen is a risk. Risk can also be defined as the degree of danger that goes along with an opportunity. All risks have possible negative results. However, some risks are worth taking. For example, suppose that you have the chance to join a school football team. You risk a possible injury while playing to achieve the sense of accomplishment that comes with being on the team.。
新标准大学英语视听说教程4_听力原文及翻译
Unit 1OutsideviewConversation 1Li:What a wonderful view! This is such a great city!Do you ever get tired of living in London, Andy?A;"When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life, for there is in London all that life can afford" Li:That's a quotation by Samuel Johnson, isn't it?A:Correct,so do you have any plans when you finish at Oxford?Li: I've got another year to go and then I suppose I'll go back home.A; And you will find a job?Li:I think I have to do my Master's before I look for work.But I must admit London is very special.Do you think you would ever leave London?A:Sure, I'd love to come to china one day, and I like traveling. But i think I'll always come back here.Li:Well, your roots are here and there are so many opportunities.A;But have you ever thought of living in London for a year or two?Li:Yes, but what could I do here? I had planned to become a teacher.But i have often thought if there was a job i could do here in publishing,maybe as an editor, I'll go for it.A:That's sounds like a great idea.I think that would really suit youLi:Maybe I should update my CV and send it to one or two publisher.A:Don't make it look too goodLi:Why not?A;Well,if you enjoy working with London Time Off, we don't want you working with anyone else Li:Oh, working with you and Joe it's great fun and really interesting. I couldn't think of a better way to find out about a cityA;So maybe you should think about applying for a job with usLi:But do you think I'd stand a chance(有可能，有希望)?I mean, I'm not sure if Joe likes meA:Don't even think about it!Joe is very straight talking and I promise you that you'd know if he didn't like you.Li:Perhaps we should both update our CVs and look for jobs togetherA:Hey,right!That would be fun.李：什么是美好的景色！这是这样一个伟大的城市！你有没有厌倦过伦敦的生活，安迪？当一个人厌倦了伦敦，他就厌倦了生活，因为在伦敦，所有的生活都能承受李：那是约翰逊塞缪尔的语录，不是吗？答：对，你在牛津结束的时候有什么计划吗？李：我还有一年要走，我想我会回家。
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit 13
Unit 13Part BReality TV Around the GlobeReality TV shows have taken the world by storm. 'Survivor', 'Big Brother' and other shows have drawn hundreds of millions of viewers to the screen.It was in Europe that all this started. The first series of this kind of show was called 'Expedition: Robinson'. It was shown in Sweden in 1997, and was soon a hit. That show placed young people in faraway places to compete against each other. The finale of the show was watched by half the Swedish population, making it one of the most popular programs in the country's history. Its success alerted TV bosses around the world to the potential of watching ordinary people try hard to survive in the wilderness.Officials at the Columbia Broadcasting System in the United States decided to produce their own version of the show. This is how 'Survivor' came into existence. They chose 16 Americans of different ages and races to live on a South Pacific island in May 2000. The contestants on the island had some real problems to tackle. One of them was food, as they had to find and cook their own food. Sometimes, they were even forced to catch and eat rats and worms.Experts say that 'Survivor' is popular because television viewers like to watch people in real situations where the final result is unknown. Viewers also like to watch other people's struggles and problems because it makes them feel better about their own lives.'Big Brother' started in Holland. Nine volunteers took part in the show and were filmed 24 hours a day for 100 days. It became one of Holland's top-rated shows within a month, and drew 15 million viewers for its climax on New Year's Eve 1999. And its success prompted TV stations around the world to buy the idea.Two months after the appearance of 'Survivor', the American version of 'Big Brother' was aired in the United States, involving ten participants who were filmed inside a house built on a California soundstage.Winners of the two shows can walk away with a lot of money. 'Survivor's' prize was $1 million, whereas 'Big Brother' contestants could win $500,000, and 'Survivor' triumphed in the ratings.Reality TV shows are also causing a big stir in France, Britain and many other countries. The French answer to 'Big Brother' is 'Loft Story', in which 11 contestants are locked up in anapartment in Paris. Protesters surrounded the apartment three times in one week. They complained that the show is sinking to new broadcasting lows. The protests, however, have fuelled public interest. And the show remains high in the ratings.Britain started its reality shows later than some of its European and American counterparts. In fact, 'Survivor' was dreamed up by a Briton named Charlie Parsons, but the idea was not picked up in his home country until it had been a success in Scandinavia and America.Questions:1. Which of the following reality TV shows are mentioned in the passage?2. Who are the performers in reality TV shows?3. What is the essence of a reality TV show?4. Which of the following is true about 'Survivor' and 'Big Brother' when shown in different countries?5. What nationality is Charlie Parsons, who first got the idea of the reality TV show 'Survivor'?6. What occurred to TV bosses around the globe after the success of the first series of 'Survivor'?Part CA Reality TV ShowBeginning February 28, 2002, on CBS, the world will watch the new series of the reality TV show 'Survivor'. Sixteen contestants will be stranded on the remote island of Nuku Hiva, a distant neighbor of Tahiti in the South Pacific. They will be forced to band together and carve out a new existence, using their collective wits to make surviving in their rugged and primitive environment a little easier. Day by day, the harsh elements and threatening indigenous animals will test theendurance of the Survivors. Each three days of life on the island will result in a one-hour 'Survivor' episode. The Survivors must form their own cooperative society, building shelter, gathering and cooking food, and participating in contests for rewards. Those who succeed in the day-to-day challenges will be rewarded with things to make life on the island more bearable. Those who fail must do without.The contestants are divided into two tribes, which will compete with each other to get food, supply or immunity. On the last day of each three-day cycle, the Survivors must attend a Tribal Council. At this meeting, each person votes secretly to send one fellow Survivor home. The person with the most votes must leave their tribe immediately. Week by week, one by one, people are voted off, until at the end of the final episode, only two Survivors remain. At that point, the seven most recently eliminated Survivors will return to form the final Tribal Council and decide who will be the Sole Survivor -- and win one million dollars!There are two kinds of challenge facing the Survivors. One is a Reward Challenge, in which Survivors compete for luxuries, such as a phone call home or a hot shower. The second is an Immunity Challenge, in which Survivors compete for the most valuable prize: immunity from being voted off the island at a Tribal Council. The team winning an Immunity Challenge does not have to vote one of its own members out at the end of a three-day period, whereas the losing team does. Occasionally, the Reward and Immunity challenges are combined: winners receive both a reward and immunity.Usually when it comes down to 10 Survivors, the two teams merge. The remaining Survivors will come to live together and compete as individuals, not as members of opposing teams. At that point, the challenges become person against person, and only the winning individual will receive a reward and / or immunity.After being voted out, the Survivor will make one final comment to the TV cameras. Even though the Survivor is no longer part of the show, he or she is at least able to take a shower and to get a hot meal right away.Part DCourtroom Reality TVA Texas judge presiding over a murder trial has ruled that a crew can film the jury's private deliberations for a reality television show. The defendant, Cedric Harrison, is accused of killing a man in a carjacking. He could be facing the death penalty at 17. In allowing the Public Broadcasting Service to film jurors determining his fate the judge has broken ground in the long history of American jurisprudence. And the shorter history of reality television, which has giventhe world 'Big Brother' and 'Survivor', has won a major issue.Judge Ted Poe's decision has met with fierce opposition from prosecutors, who fear that public exposure might make jurors more reluctant to sentence the defendant to death. But the judge said that it was healthy for the public to know and see as much as possible about the legal process.Harrison and his mother signed waivers saying that they would not use the documentary on appeal, or seek a new trial. His lawyer said: "It can only help us. We want to make sure everything is done correctly. If the State of Texas wants to execute a 17-year-old, the world should be watching to make sure it is done right."However, he revealed the defense's real motive for welcoming in the cameras when he said that the film would help his case because jurors would be more reluctant to sentence a defendant to death under such scrutiny. Opponents of the death penalty agree. "When the sunshine is let in, government tends to work better," David Elliot, of the National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty, said.Fourteen of the 110 jurors initially called to serve were dismissed after they said that the camera might affect their decision-making.The district attorney responsible for prosecuting Harrison has argued that the presence of cameras would violate Texas law requiring that jurors be "left alone, unobserved and unheard by others". In his appeal to the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals he wrote: "The desire to serve on a Survivor-style reality series should not be added to the qualifications for jury service."Courts in Arizona and Wisconsin have allowed filming of deliberations in criminal cases for later broadcast, but never before have the cameras been allowed into a jury room in a capital case.Judge Poe believes that he has the law on his side. He said that the prosecutors "hadn't provided any legal authority" to convince him that cameras were out of place.If Judge Poe gets his wish, a new subject will be offered for the reality television shows that have become a standard part of American entertainment.Statements:1. The defendant has murdered a man, so he will be sentenced to death according to Texas law.2. The judge decides to allow the jury's deliberations of the case to be filmed for a reality TV show out of sympathy for the young man.3. The defendant and his mother signed an agreement stating that they would give up their right to appeal.4. The defense lawyer said that his client would use the documentary on appeal because he believed public exposure of how members of the jury discuss the case would be favorable to him.5. Fourteen jurors were dismissed because they did not agree to let their deliberations be shown on TV.6. It can be learned from the passage that people who are against the death penalty strongly oppose the judge's decision.7. The strongest opposition to the judge's decision came from the district attorney.8. It can be inferred from the passage that TV cameras have been allowed to film jury's deliberations in non-criminal cases.9. It can be concluded from the passage that the jury's deliberations will not be shown on TV as it is against Texas law.10. If the judge's decision is approved, it will open a new field for reality TV shows.。
全新版大学英语视听说教程4听力原文
UnitOneTra ck4-1-OL-lA.Jay and Elise are talking about an accident.Listen and check the correct picture.Jay:Come in here,Elise.You should see this show!Elise:Whatis it?Jay:It's called"The Titanic of the Sky."It's about the Hindenburg,a great engineering feat.Elise:The Hindenburg...Jay:You know,that giant zeppelin that crashed in1934.Thirty-five people died.Elise:Oh yeah,I remember now.It was flying from Germany to the United States.It crashed as it was landing.Jay:Right.It's so funny looking,don't you think?It doesn't look anything like the airplanes as have today.Elise:That's true.Why would people ride in a zeppelin anyway?It seems so dangerous.Jay:Well,some people called the Hindenburg"man's greatest achievement in flight."They thought it was safe,I guess.Elise:Who rode in it anyway?Jay:Mostly wealthy people.It accommodated between30and40passengers and crew.One person said it was like a "flying hotel."Eise:It sounds pretty great.Jay:Yeah,and it was fast.That's why people rode it.They wanted to get to their destination faster.Elise:Why didn't they just take a jet plane?Jay:Elise!You knowthey didn't have jets back then.Look,in1934it took five days to travel from Germanyto the U.S.by ship.The zeppelin could do it in half that time.It was speedy.Elise:Well,maybe I'll sit down and watch a little bit.Maybe I'll learn something...Tra ck4-1-O L-2B.Listen again.How was the zeppelin described?Check your answers.Track4-1-OL-3A.Listen to the conversation and check the correct picture.Jack:I think we should buy a bigger car.Big cars are safer.Kayla:Yes,but on the other hand,they consume more oil.Jack:They also look really cool.Kayla:That's true,but there are some SUVs which are not big but also very beautiful.Jack:And1think big cars are more fun to drive.Kayla:But then again,it's very expensive.Jack:Well,let's get more information about several kinds of cars,okay?Tr a ck4-1-O L-4Listen to another person talking about famous buildings in his country and fill in the blanks with information you hear.My country has two very famous buildings called the Petronas Towers.The buildings are made of glass,steel, and concrete.They were designed by an American architect,but he used a Malaysian style.They were finished in 1998,and they were the tallest buildings in the world at that time.Each tower has88floors,and is452meters high.I really like the Petronas Towers.They show both the modern and the traditional side of my country.Tr a ck4-1-O L-5A.Listen to a talk on controversies about modern buildings.Then fill in the blanks to complete the sentences. Modern buildings:We love them,We hate themThe world-famous Louvre Museum in Paris is almost500years old,and it faced a very modern problem: There simply wasn't enough space for six million visitors each year.In1989,American architect I.M.Pei designed a striking glass pyramid in the building's center to be a visitor entrance and shopping arcade.But he also started an angry debate.Some people felt his glass building was a piece of art,like the ones inside the museum.Others said it was just an ugly,modern mistake.Kyoto,Japan,is the country's ancient capital,and the heart of its culture.Its railroad station was too small for the millions of visitors.In1997,the city completed a new station in a huge shopping center,right in the oldest part of the city.Designed by Hiroshi Hara,the building also contains a hotel and department store.Before it was built, critics said that the high,wide,modern building would destroy the city's traditional look.On the other hand, supporters said it would bring new life into the city center.Track4-1-OL-6B.Now listen again and complete the chart with the information you hear.Track4-1-OL-7B.Listen to the interview with Erika Van Beek,an engineer.According to Erika,what should be done about overcrowding in cities?The future building boom?Interviewer:What do you think is the biggest problem facing our cities?Erika:I think it's overcrowding.Talk to anyone living in a major metropolitan area and they will say the same thing:There's no space.Even the suburbs are getting crowded.Interviewer:Well,in some places there simply isn't any land left for building,right?Erika:Yes,that's true,but you have to think creatively.You can't give up so easily.Interviewer:Think creatively?What do you suggest?E r i k a:What I'm saying is that we can build more structures underground.We can add parking lots,malls, hotels,and even apartment buildings.There's plenty of space.Interviewer:Isn't it expensive?E r i k a:Yes,it can be.In the past building underground has been very expensive.However,we have new technology that will bring the cost down.It involves using robots.You don't have to pay robots a salary!Interviewer:Isn't"building down"more dangerous than other kind of construction?E r i k a:Actually,I think it's safer than building skyscrapers,for example.Remember,we already do it.We have subways and underground shopping malls.I'm just suggesting we invest in a variety of bigger projects and that we dig deeper.Interviewer:What would you say to people who doubt your idea?E r i k a:I can understand their feelings.Whenever there's a new idea,it can cause controversy.But"building down" is not some kind of impractical idea.It makes sense.There is so much space underground:It can accommodate a lot of traffic,storage,and people.With the new technology we have,we'd be crazy not to consider the idea—it's the wave of the future!Track4-1-OL-8C.Listen again.Check the statements you think Erika would agree.Unit2Track4-2-OL-1Pam:Well,Lynn,I must be going.It was great to see you–Lynn:By,Pam.Pam:What’s that?Lynn:Oh…that’s Ollie.Pam:Ollie:I didn’t know you had a dog!Lynn:Well,we don’t…really.Pam:What do you mean?Lynn:Come here.Pam:Oh my goodness.It’s a robot!Lynn:That’s right.It’s a dog robot.They call it a“dogbot.”Pam:How interesting!…But it’s a little strange,don’t you think?Lynn:Well,I wanted to get an interactive toy for the kids.They love it.So I’m happy.Pam:How much did it cost?Lynn:Don’t ask.It wasn’t very affordable.It’s cheaper than having a real dog,though.We don’t ever have to buy dog food!And the batteries are rechargeable.Juliana:Hey,Henrik.Look.Henrik:What is it,Juliana?Juliana:What’s that guy doing over there?Henrik:Which guy?Juliana:The one over there.Wearing a suit.H’s punching so many buttons on his cell phone.Henrik:Oh,him.He’s probably playing a game.Juliana:Really?Henrik:A lot of people have games on their cell phones.It’s really popular here in Finland.They play them everywhere.Juliana:Do you play them,too?Henrik:Yes,I do.Juliana:I only use my phone to make telephone calls.I guess I’m old-fashioned.Henrik:I heard that some people play games even at work.They can play quietly during business meetings.No one knows about it.Juliana:I’d like to try it.Henrik:Here,use mine!Track4-2-OL-3Penny:Hello.Your Computer World sales department.Ted:Hi,Penny.It’s Ted.Penny:Oh,hi,Ted.What’s up?Ted:well,my computer has crashed again.Penny:Oh no!Ted:Oh,yes.That’s why I’m calling.You know,it’s five years old.And I need to speak to Scott about getting a new one.Penny:well,you’ve called at a good time.We have some attractive new models.Ted:Great!I’m looking for something affordable.And I want to get something portable this time.Penny:I’m sure Scott can help you with that…Let’s see,he is in a meeting until3:30.I’ll ask him to call you. Ted:No,that’s OK.I’ll call him after3:30.Please give him the message.E-mail is my favourite way to communicate.I think it is as fast as a fax machine,and it is as easy as a cell phone. Of course,e-mail has some problems,too.It isn’t as affordable as ordinary mail,because you need a computer and Internet service.And I don’t think it is as reliable as a fax machine.Sometimes e-mail messages get lost.But in myopinion,e-mail is as convenient as a cell phone.I can send a message from my home or office,and my friends can read it when they have time.Track4-2-OL-5In today’s report,we look at a new technology called pervasive computing.Pervasive computing means putting tiny computers into everyday electronic appliances,such as toasters and microwaves.With pervasive computing,appliances can communicate with their users–and with other appliances! Some companies now sell pervasive computing products like a“smart”toaster.It remembers your favourite kind of toast:light or panies are designing a“smart”coffee maker and a“smart”clock.The coffee maker can measure the water and coffee.It can even put milk in your breakfast coffee and make black coffee in the afternoon.The clock will check the time on other clocks in your house,and give information about other appliances.For example,it can tell you,“Your coffee maker needs more water.”And that’s only the beginning.One company is now advertising“Save time–phone your washing machine!”engineers are making a“smart”house.In this house,the lights,heater,and air conditioner change automatically when family members come home.This makes the home comfortable,and it saves a lot of energy.Pervasive computing could change many parts of our daily lives.But do people really want pervasive computing?Do they really need technology everywhere?One company asked people about their opinions on“smart”appliances.There were surprises.A“smart”refrigerator can buy more food on the internet,but people didn’t want it,because it might make mistakes.“Pervasive computing is as important as a telephone,”says Rebecca Blair,president of InnoTech Corporation. But some of these products are not useful,or even panies should learn more about the technology that people really want.Track4-2-OL-7Local girl rescuedShe may have a broken leg,but she can’t be happier.Morgan Bailey,11,is happy to be alive.Tuesday was like any other day for Morgan.She was at school.It was fourth period,and she was the first student to arrive in the gymnasium for her physical education class.Suddenly there was a loud noise.“There was a sharp cracking noise and then a loud boom.After that,I don’t remember anything,”said Morgan. The roof of the gymnasium had collapsed under the heavy snow.Morgan was trapped underneath.She couldn’t escape.“I woke up and there was a big piece of wood on my leg.I couldn’t move it.I was starting to get cold.”Fortunately,help was nearby.A new program using“rescue robots”was tried for the first time.“We were nervous about using the robot,”said Derrick Sneed,the man in charge of the program.“But in the end, the robot gave us reliable information.It went extremely well.”The rescue robot was able to go into the gym and locate Morgan’s exact position.“We send in robots first because it may not be safe for humans,”said Mr.Sneed.“Human beings are not as useful as robots in some situations.A gas leak,for example,could kill you or me but wouldn’t hurt a robot.”Although it didn’t happen in Morgan’s case,some rescue robots can bring fresh air or water to people who are trapped.Rescue robots go into rough,dangerous places.They work in life or death situations.They have to be durable. Doctors say that Morgan is doing well.She should be going home in two or three days.What is the first thing she wants to do after she gets out of the hospital?“I want to meet my hero,”laughs Morgan.“That little robot that saved my life!”Track4-2-OL-9The first word processorMrs.Morgan:Good.So change the first part and make those corrections and your paper will be great.Tara:OK.Thanks for all your help,Professor Morgan.I’ll e-mail my paper to you later today. Mrs.Morgan:You know,technology is amazing.In high school I used to write my term papers on a typewriter. Tara:It must have taken a long time to write a paper on a typewriter.Mrs.Morgan:Well,I was pretty fast,but I made some mistakes.Actually,the typewriters weren’t that bad.Now, as for the first computers…oh my gosh!Tara:What do you mean?Mrs.Morgan:The first computers were so unreliable.They used to crash all the time.And they were not as affordable or as fast as they are now.Tara:Mine’s pretty fast,but not as fast as some of the newer,more expensive ones.Mrs.Morgan:I know!And nowadays,almost everyone has a computer.In those days,nobody had their own computer.We used to use the ones at the university.Tara:In the computer lab?Mrs.Morgan:Yeah,that’s all we had.I’ll never forget,one spring,during final exams.Everybody was working on their term papers,and the electricity went out!Tara:So?No big deal…laptops have batteries…Mrs.Morgan:Yes,but remember,in those days we didn’t have laptops.If your computer crashed,you lost everything.Tara:Everything?Mrs.Morgan:Everything.We used to lose information all the time,but that time it was terrible.Everybody lost their papers that afternoon…including me.Tara:What did you do?Mrs.Morgan:I went back to the good,old-fashioned way.Tara:You mean typewriters?Mrs.Morgan:Nope.I used something more affordable,portable,reliable,disposable,something that always worked.Tara:What was that?Mrs.Morgan:(holds up pencil and paper)The first word processor.Unit3Track4-3-OL-1/Track4-3-OL-2Joe:What are you reading,Maria?Maria:The Daily News.Joe:The News?Ugh!That’s a terrible paper.Maria:Oh,Joe,it’s not so bad.Joe:Not so bad?Look at that headline on the front page!It’s so sensational.Maria:Well,they’ve got great comics.I can’t live without my comics.Joe:I know.But the news coverage is so poor,...especially the international news.It’s a joke,really.Maria:I’m not so interested in the international news.Besides,they have so many other good features.Joe:Like what?Maria:Like…the daily horoscope,for example.I love it.Joe:That’s not a good reason to buy a newspaper…for the horoscope!Maria:Look,the newspaper only costs50cents.What so you expect?Joe:Good point.Maria:Besides the horoscope,I also like the entertainment news.I like to read about the stars and their love affairs.Joe:Well,you can keep The Daily News.I’m going to stick with The Times.Track4-3-OL-3Amy:John,I’ve never notice this old photo of your family before.John:My mother just found it in the attic.She decided to hang it up.Amy:It’s a nice picture of your family.John：I think it’s embarrassing.And I look stupid.Amy:Well,you could‘ve combed your hair…it’s a nice shot,though.Look at how young you are!How old were you in the photo?John:Eight…no wait,I’d just turned nine.Amy:I guess these two people are your parents.John:Yep.They were married when that picture was taken.Now they’re divorced.Amy:Oh.What do they do?John:My father’s retired.Mom works in a hospital.Amy:What are their names?John：Well,my father’s name is Joseph.My mother is Olivia---she was named after a popular actress.Amy:How great!I have an aunt with the same name.I love the name Olivia…Who’s that guy?John:Which one?Amy:The guy standing behind you.Is that your brother,Tom?John:No,that's my Uncle Randy.He’s only two years older than my brother.Amy:He’s cute.I love a guy with a moustache.John:Um,sorry,but he’s married now.His wife just had a baby.Amy:I was just making a comment…So the other young guy must be your brother.John:Yes.That’s Tom.Amy:How old is he in the picture?John:Let’s see…he’s nine years older than me…so he would‘ve been18then.Amy:And there’s your little sister,Tina.She’s so cute!John:Yeah.She’s two years younger than me.It’s hard to believe she’s in high school now!Track4-3-OL-51.A bank robbery in Virginia,USA,was stopped when the robber and the bank teller couldn’t reach anagreement.The robber pushed a holdup note under the window,but the teller looked at it,said,”I can’tread this,”and gave it back.The robber pushed the note through a second time.The teller crumpled thenote up and threw it at the robber.He picked it up and walked out of the bank.2.A professional ice hockey player will miss the rest of this season’s games because he injured himself.National Hockey League goalie Jean-Louis Blanchard went on the injured list after he fell and seriously hurt his back.He was walking out of a restaurant in Ottawa,Canada,when he slipped on some ice.3.The first international camel beauty contest was held last week in Alxa,in western China.More than100dressed-up camels entered the contest.The judges examined them for shiny hair,tall humps,andbeautiful costumes.Unlike human beauty contests,though,there were no interviews with thecontestants.4.Police in Sheffield,England,arrested a41-year-old man for stealing five cars.Graham Owens went tocar dealers and said he wanted to buy a car,and borrowed a car to test-drive.Each time,he drove the car around,then cleaned it inside and washed it outside---before leaving it at the side of the road,andwalking home.Track4-3-OL-71.Nutty newsLulu is a kangaroo.For10years she has lived with the Richards family.Lulu was adopted by the family after they found her next to her dead mother.Mr.Ken Richards is a farmer.He was working on his farm when a heavy tree branch suddenly fell ontop of him.Lulu stood next to Mr.Richards’body.She started barking and didn’t leave Mr.Richards’side.I’ve never heard Lulu bark like that---she sounded like a dog.She barked and barked and she didn’t stop,“said Celeste,Mr.Richards’daughter.After15minutes,the Richards family went to investigate.They found Ken on the ground and he wasunconscious.“Lulu is a hero,“said Celeste.“She saved my father.”Mr.Middleton,an expert veterinarian,said that Lulu’s story is rare.“I have never seen a kangaroo actlike that.Maybe lulu helped Ken Richards because the Richards family is the only family she has everknown.”Lulu has always followed Ken around the farm.She’s a loyal,friendly,and very intelligent kangaroo.After Ken leaves the hospital,he is planning to go everywhere with Lulu.2.Nutty newsApproximately175,000people live in the Republic of Vanuatu,an island chain east of Australia.It is apopular tourist destination because there’s a lot to do there:you can visit waterfalls,go horseback riding, take an aerial tour,or visit a traditional Ni-Vanuatu village.Vanuatu is most famous for its scuba diving and snorkeling.In an effort to draw attention to these popular water sports,Vanuatu has created a world’s“first”:thegovernment has opened an underwater post office.You have to be a certified scuba driver to work there.The office is three meters below the surface in an area on the outskirts of Port Vila,the capital city.Sofar,the post office has hired four workers.They will work in a room surrounded by the beauty ofVanuatu’s underwater world.Customers will buy waterproof postcards on land and then drive down tothe post office to receive a special waterproof stamp.3-OL-51.cool2.sold out3.realizes4.music reviewer5.apartment building6.get them concert tickets7.goes over8.invites him to go with her9.a date with10.mind Takeshi going without himUnit4Track4-4-OL-1A.Listen to Camille’s job interview.Then circle the answer to the question.Man:So,I see here that you went to college.Camille:Yes,sir.For two years.I didn’t graduate.Man:Do you speak any languages besides English?Camille:Yes,I speak conversational French.Man:Any other languages?Camille:No,that’s it.Man:Well,that’s great.As you know,we fly to Paris twice a week.We always need people who can speak French.Man:Let’s see…have you worked for an airline before?Camille:No.I have no job experience.Man:So,this would be your first job.Camille:Yes.Man;Well,I only have two more questions.Are you healthy and physically fit?Can you lift heavy objects? Camille:Yes,I think so.Man:Well,the emergency window exit on the plane weighs about50pounds.And the meal cart is very heavy, too.You need to move those objects sometimes.Camille:I think I can do that.Man:Wonderful.Let me tell you about the next step.We have a six-week training program that takes place in the summer.You have to…Track4-4-OL-2B.Listen again.Check Yes or No for each statement about Camille.Track4-4-OL-3A.Listen to Olivia talking about her future plan and fill in the blanks with information from the talk.I plan to become a teacher after I finish my studies.I decided to study at this university because the teachingprogram is very good.We have a lot of practice working with children.I love to work with young kids.Iexpect to graduate from the university next June,and I hope to find a job in a kindergarten.I’ll try to start working in September.Track4-4-OL-4B.Listen to the job interview.Check the right item in the table based on the information from the interview.Mr.Grant:Hello,Ms.Hale.I’m Mr.Grant,the advertising manager for the company.Do you have a resume or curriculum vitae to give to me?Ms.Hale:Yes,Mr.Grant.Here it is.Mr.Grant:Thank you.Now,let me tell you a little bit about the job.We need someone to design brochures on the computer.Do you have up-to-date computer skills?Ms.Hale:Yes,I do.In my present position I use computer graphics all the time.I have experience with animation as well.Mr.Grant:Oh,that’s very good.We hope to launch a new group of animated ads next spring.Can you work with others in a pleasant manner,Ms.Hale?Ms.Hale:My co-workers seem to think so.I can also work independently by myself.Mr.Grant:That’s necessary,too.What about flexibility in working long hours on a project?Ms.Hale:I have a lot of energy and I’m willing to get the job done.The work I did last year won two awards at a national conference.Mr.Grant:Excellent.That’s very impressive.By the way,did I mention that we need someone to start next week? Ms.Hale:No,you didn’t,but it might be possible.Mr.Grant:Good.Thank you for coming today.We’ll be in touch soon.Track4-4-OL-5A.Listen to the passage about an unusual job.Fill in the blank with information from the passage.You’ve never met Melissa Hayes,and you don’t know her name,but you know her voice.Mellissarecord information messages for the telephone company.When you hear the number you called has beenchanged…--that’s Mellissa!“Yes,it’s true,”she say.“I’m the voice talent for Nation Telephone.”At least50000people hear her voice every day.“I try to sound warm and friendly,even when I’m saying,I’m sorry,that number is incorrect.Please try again.”Melissa works only three days a week,but she has to practice a lot.“My voice has to sound the same at the end of eight hours.”She’s very careful about her voice.“I don’t drink lots of water with honey.I can’t g to horror movies because I always scream,and I might hurt my voice!”How did she get her job?“A friend told me about it.I listened to all the telephone company messages on my phone,and then I recorded a cassette of those messages.After I sent it to the company,I called themevery day for a month!”She’s done this work for three years now,and she loves it.“It’s fun!And I’m helping people by using my voice.”Plus,people are always surprised when they hear about Melissa’s job.They say,“You’re a real person?I thought it was a computer!”Track4-4-OL-6B.Listen again.Check your answers.Track4-4-OL-7A.Listen to the interviews about Ken’s and Steven’s jobs.Then check Ken or Steven for each item in thebox below.Interview1Interviewer:What is your job,Ken?Ken：I’m a V.J.or“video jockey.”Interviewer:How would you describe your job?Ken:I’m on TV.I introduce music videos and talk about them.I also interview singers who appear in videos. Interviewer:What is the best part of your job?Ken:I get to meet a lot of famous people.That’s very exciting.Also,I love music,so it’s a lot of fun. Interviewer:What is the worst part of your job?Ken:I get to meet a lot of famous people.Some of them are not very nice.They think they are better than me. They can be very demanding.Interviewer:What was your most memorable moment?Ken:Last year,I presented an award on TV at a video music award show.I couldn’t believe it.They flew me out to Los Angeles and I stayed in Beverly Hill.I was on the TV show for a whole45seconds!I got to meet a lot of stars.Interviewer:I want to be a V.J.How I get the job?Ken:Well,first you have to make a videotape about yourself.You need to talk about certain things on the video.In my case,there was a list of question,like“What did you do last weekend?”and“What’s in your CD player right now?”After you talk about yourself,you send the videotape in to the TV station.They call you if they like the tape.Interview2Interviewer:What is your job,Steven?Steven:I’m a car courier.Interviewer:How would you describe your job?Steven:Sometimes a person or a company needs a car moved from one place to another.They may not have time to do it themselves.They hire me to drive the car.Interviewer:What is the best part of your job?Steven:I like to drive,so it’s fun for st summer,I drove all the way from New York to California.The weather was great.I had the radio on and enjoyed my trip very much.Interviewer:What is the worst part of your job?Steven:I have to be very punctual.If I say I’ll arrive on Monday at6:00,I have to be there by Monday at6:00.I have to be dependable.It’s stressful at times.Interviewer:What was your most memorable moment?Steven:I drove across the desert as the sun was setting.It was incredible!Interviewer:I want to be a car courier.How do I get the job?Steven:That’s a good question.My mother started this business,so she hired me.You’d have to call my mother to find out!Track4-4-OL-8B.Listen again and the complete the summaries of Ken’s and Steven’s job e the words in the box.Unit5Track4-5-OL-1B.Now listen to a quiz show and check your answers in A.Host:Welcome back to“You Snooze,You Lose!”the best game show on television!This is our final round.Let me remind you of the rules.We will show an object for a couple of seconds.It’s your jobto guess what it is.Michael?Linda?Are you ready to play?M&L:Yes!Host:Ok,then,let’s play“You Snooze,You Lose!”Show us item number one.Host:Yes,Michael?Michael:I know what they are.They’re called“cams”and they’re used in mountain climbing.Host:That’s right for one point!They’re used to hold climbing ropes.All right then,here’s our second object.Yes,Linda?Linda:Is it some kind of tool?Host:Can you be more specific?Linda:I don’t know…a tool used to fix some kind of machine?Host:No,I’m sorry.It’s a nose and ear hair trimmer.Next…item number three.Do you have any idea?Time is up.Since no one guessed,I’ll tell you the answer.Those are called Hopi ear candles. Linda:You stick them in your ears?Host:That’s right.They are used to clean out your ears.They also help to relax you.Let’s move on to item number four.Here it is.Michael:That’s obvious.It’s a corkscrew.You use it to open bottles.Host:Yes,that’s correct!It’s a mini-travel corkscrew.You can pack it in your suitcase.Oh,no!You know what that means!You’re out of time.Michael,with two correct answers,you are today’swinner!Congratulations!And before we leave,let me show the remaining objects.Item numberfive is an egg slicer.Item number six is a tongue scraper---make sure to use it so that you don’t havebad breath!That’s all the time we have for today.See you next time on“You Snooze,You Lose!”Goodbye everybody.Track4-5-OL-2A.You will listen to a passage about Microsoft Corporation.Then write down as much information as possible about Microsoft.Microsoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation is a multinational computer technology corporation that develops,manufactures, licenses,and supports a wide range of software products for computing devices.Headquartered in Redmond, Washington,USA,its best selling flagship products are the Microsoft Windows operating system and the Microsoft Office suite.Microsoft ships products to Europe,Asia,and Latin America.It manages branch offices in more than60countries.It has nearly90,000employees in105countries by2008.Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on April4,1975.In the mid-1980s,it rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with MS-DOS.Since1985,Microsoft has released an upgrading line of Windows operating systems featuring a friendly user interface.The latest one,Windows Vista, was released in January2007and has sold140million copies to date.As one commentator notes,Microsoft’s original mission was“a computer on every desk and in every home,running Microsoft software,”and now it is a goal near fulfillment.Microsoft also makes profits in other markets such as computer hardware products and home entertainment products.Track4-5-OL-3B.Listen again.Then fill in the table according to what you hear about Microsoft Corporation.Track4-5-OL-4A.You will listen to a passage which protests against advertising and shopping.Then fill in the blanks withwords from the passage.A different kind of holiday:shop less,live more!Advertising is everywhere.It’s on race cars and subway trains,on T-shirts and billboards.Every day,you see hundreds of ads,and each advertiser wants you to buy their product.But do we really need all these products?。
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit 12
Unit 12Part BOpinion PollsMan: Do you know the thing that's always struck me as odd about opinion polls?Woman: What's that?Man: The percentages. Like recently there was a survey about what people thought about traffic, and petrol prices, and public car parks. In some car parks it now costs something like 5 pounds to park a car for half an hour.Woman: Yeah, but I don't see what you're getting at.Man: What I mean is the percentages in the results. So there might be 70% of people who complained about high petrol prices, and 60% who want to see the traffic reduced, and 65% who think car park charges are too high. Does that mean that there are 35% who actually think the charges are OK and would even be prepared to pay more, and another 30% who think petrol prices are OK? I mean that's absurd. I don't know anyone who doesn't think they're too high.Woman: Well, actually I think we should pay more.Man: Come on, you're joking.Woman: No, seriously. I think we should pay more for petrol, even twice as much maybe, and certainly far more for inner city car parks.Man: But why?Woman: More taxes should be charged on petrol, I think, to discourage people from using cars, and a kind of graded charging system for car parks depending on how far they are from the city center.Man: What do you mean?Woman: Well, if you park your car quite far from the city center then you pay a nominal amount as a kind of reward for not polluting the city center. Well, the closer you get to the center, the moreyou are penalized. Prices in the center should be totally prohibitive. I mean with an efficient bus or tram service there's no excuse for using cars.Man: Yeah, but you can't penalize people who don't use their car to go into town. I mean if you doubled the price of petrol, it would cost people a fortune to go anywhere, even on short trips, and especially on holidays.Woman: Don't use your car then. Use a train.Man: But what about lorries? I mean they use a lot of petrol to transport goods from one place to another.Woman: So what's to stop these goods being transported by train or even via canal?Man: Well, anyway, I still can't believe that 30% of those people who said car park charges were OK all think the same as you.Woman: Well, maybe that's where you are wrong. Just think about what I've said and you'll realize that perhaps it's not so stupid as it sounds.Questions:1. What items are surveyed in the opinion poll mentioned in the conversation?2. What does the man find absurd about the survey?3. Which of the following best reflects the woman's view about car parking?4. Which problem is the woman most concerned about according to the conversation?5. Which of the following describes the man's attitude toward opinion polls?Part CHow These Pollsters Do Those PollsV oters can become weary of polls as a campaign winds down, and in public, candidates invariably declare that they ignore them -- at least, the candidates who are losing. But the fact is, pollsters are good and getting better.Most election-eve polls in 1992 predicted the voting percentages eventually won by Clinton, Bush and Perot well within the sampling margin of error. Of some 300 such polls, none projected Bush or Perot as the winner.Typically, these polls are generated by telephone interviews with 600 to 1,000 "likely voters", who are 18 or older, as determined by answers to initial questions. The phone numbers are selected as random digits by a phone-dialing computer.Hypothetically, almost every person in America has an equal chance of being called since most households have phones. The samples may seem small, but the techniques used in polls are proven enough to be regularly accepted as evidence by the courts when election results are legally challenged. No sample is as accurate as interviewing 100 percent of the people in an election district, of course. A "sampling error" or "margin of error" accompanies every significant result. It is the largest possible difference that could exist between a random national sample and a poll that asked 200 million Americans the same questions. A 3 percent sampling error, for example, means that if a poll predicts that a candidate will get 45 percent of the vote, he may probably get 42 to 48 percent of the vote.Often, after a random sample is collected, it's compared with US Census statistics to determine the degree of agreement before the poll is finalized. This can help polling professionals correct anomalies so that they can get clients that pay them the big bucks.The "exit polls" that play a key part in election night drama in American homes are even more accurate than other forecasts because the specially trained interviewers are using respondents who are known voters.Questions:1. How is a typical election poll conducted in the US?2. How large is the sample for a typical election poll?3. If a poll shows a 50% support for a candidate with a 3% margin of error, what would be the probable percentage of support for him?4. Why are "exit polls" especially accurate?5. What is the passage mainly about?Part DUse of Public Opinion PollsPublic opinion polls are regularly conducted and published in many countries. They measure not only support for political parties but also public opinion on a wide range of social and political issues. They are frequently published in major newspapers and are generally accepted as useful tools by businesses, political organizations, the mass media and government, and academic research groups. Hundreds of public polling firms operate around the world. The Gallup Poll and Harris Poll are among the best known in the US.In business, polls are used to test consumers' preferences and to discover what gives a product its appeal. Responses to commercial polls help businesses in planning marketing and advertising strategies and in making changes in a product to increase its sales.In politics, polls are used to obtain information about voters' attitudes toward issues and candidates, to put forward candidates with winning potential, and to plan campaigns. Polling organizations have also been successful in predicting the outcome of elections. By polling voters on Election Day, it is often possible to determine the probable winner even before the voting booths close.Newspapers, magazines, radio and television are heavy users of public opinion polling information, especially political information that helps to predict election results or measure the popularity of government officials and candidates. The public's attitude toward various social, economic, and international issues is also considered newsworthy.Governments use opinion polls to find out public sentiment about issues of interest. Theyalso use polling methodology to determine unemployment rates, crime rates, and other social and economic indicators.Opinion polls have also been employed extensively in academic research, particularly in the social sciences. They have been valuable in studying delinquency, socialization, political attitudes, and economic behavior. Among the prominent organizations that primarily serve academic research purposes are the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan and the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago.Questions:1. By whom are public opinion polls generally accepted as useful tools?2. For what are opinion polls used by businesses?3. For what are opinion polls used in politics?4. For what are opinion polls used by governments?5. What new media are heavy users of the information from opinion polls?6. For what are opinion polls used in academic research?。
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit 11
Unit 11Part BHome-schooling on a World CruiseI've never believed that the only way to get an education is to sit at a desk with four walls around you. The world is our classroom and our home, a 41-foot sailing boat, takes us there. My husband and I dreamed of sailing around the world before our daughters were even born. Their arrivals only increased our desire to live the cruising lifestyle, a way of life that has given us the opportunity for lots of quality and quantity family time. Educating our two daughters while living afloat on our sailing boat has added a wonderful new dimension to our lives.We started out years ago with a kindergarten correspondence course for our daughter Kate. It's what most cruising families use, but as Kate zoomed through the entire year's course in a matter of two months, we realized that a pre-packaged school was not what she needed. Kate's gifted mind needed to be challenged, excited, sent into orbit. We devised our own curriculum for the rest of the year.Choosing courses of study for Kate was great fun. We looked at where we would be sailing to during the school year, or where we would be stopping to work, and all sorts of topics of interest presented themselves. For example, while cruising down the East Coast to Florida, we chose space exploration for a unit of study. Our studies included both fictional and non-fictional reading, experiments and writing assignments. The finale was watching a shuttle launch and visiting the Kennedy Space Center museums.We do miss out on a few things that most home-schooled children are able to take advantage of and which would perhaps make our academic life easier. Our home afloat is small. School is held on a small dining table and it's difficult to leave artwork, science experiments or projects 'until later'. We also have limited room for school books and so those we have must be chosen carefully. Perhaps the thing we miss the most when traveling is not always having access to a library. We hope to upgrade our notebook computer to one with CD-ROM soon. Imagine having resources like encyclopaedias and atlases all in a small enough format to fit on the boat!But the advantages of our floating school far outweigh any disadvantages. Part of the reason we cruise is for the wonderful opportunities to learn about the world around us. Hands-on learning experiences we get from hiking through a rain forest, snorkeling over a coral reef, visiting historic ruins, shopping in foreign markets or participating in local festivals are an important part of our schooling.Statements:1. The speaker and her husband adopted home-schooling for their daughter Kate because they lived on a sailing boat.2. The cruising lifestyle had been the dream of the couple before the daughters were born.3. As Kate was very intelligent, she needed a more challenging curriculum than children of her age.4. There were plenty of books but no encyclopedias and atlases on their boat.5. The couple chose space exploration for Kate to study because they would like to visit the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.6. Kate's experience is typical of most home-schooled children.7. Kate had learned many things which students at school would have no access to.8. It can be inferred that Kate had a random course of study that depended on where the family would be sailing to.9. It can be inferred from the text that Kate's education was unsystematic but interesting.10. It can be concluded that combining sailing around the world with studying is a very effective way to home-schoolPart CThe Fun They Had"Today Tommy found a real book!" Margie wrote in her diary on the page headed May 17, 2155.It was a very old book. Margie's grandfather once said that there was a time when all stories were printed on paper.They turned the pages, which were yellow and delicate, and it was awfully funny to readwords that stood still instead of moving about the way they were supposed to -- on a screen, you know.She said, "Where did you find it?""In my house." He pointed without looking, because he was busy reading. "In the attic.""What's it about?""School."Margie was scornful. "School? What's there to write about school? I hate school...why would anyone write about school?"Tommy looked at her with very superior eyes. "Because it's not our kind of school, stupid. This is the old kind of school that they had hundreds and hundreds of years ago." He added loftily, pronouncing the word carefully, "Centuries ago."Margie was hurt. "Well, I don't know what kind of school they had all that time ago." She read the book over his shoulder for a while, and then said, "Anyway, they had a teacher.""Sure they had a teacher, but it wasn't a regular teacher. It was a man.""A man? How could a man be a teacher?""Well, he just told the boys and girls things and gave them homework and asked them questions.""A man isn't clever enough.""Sure he is. My father knows as much as my teacher.""He can't. A man can't know as much as a teacher.""He knows almost as much."Margie wasn't prepared to dispute that. She said, "I wouldn't want a strange man in my house to teach me."Tommy screamed with laughter. "Y ou don't know much, Margie. The teachers didn't live in the house. They had a special building and all the kids went there.""And all the kids learned the same thing?""Sure, if they were the same age.""But my mother says a teacher has to be adjusted to fit the mind of each boy and girl it teaches and that each kid has to be taught differently.""Just the same, they didn't do it that way then. If you don't like it, you don't have to read the book.""I didn't say I didn't like it," Margie said quickly. She wanted to read about those funny schools.They weren't even half finished when Margie's mother called, "Margie! School!"Margie went into the schoolroom. It was right next to her bedroom, and the mechanical teacher was on and waiting for her.The screen was lit up, and it said, "Today's arithmetic lesson is on the addition of proper fractions. Please insert yesterday's homework in the proper slot."Margie did so with a sigh. She was thinking about how the kids must have loved it in the old days. She was thinking about the fun they had.Questions:1. When did the story take place?2. Who are Margie and Tommy?3. Who does the word "they" refer to in the title The Fun They Had?4. What did Tommy find one day? Why was it so special to Margie and Tommy?5. Where and how do Tommy and Margie study?6. Do Margie and Tommy have the same teacher? Why or why not?7. How did Margie feel about the children in the book?8. What is the genre of this kind of story?Part DCompulsive UnschoolingTwo years ago, when Fiona turned four, Sam and I decided to home-school her. I have always felt that the 0-5 years are an irreplaceable dreamtime. As Fiona is an inventive, observant child, sensitive and funny and great company, it would be a tragedy to find school rubbing away her uniqueness.I tried not to reproduce school at home. I never had the urge to get a pointer, or chalk, or a blackboard. I didn't go and search out a curriculum. I felt that my children would learn best if I stayed accessible and stayed out of their way.Fiona is a structured child. At the start of the day, she wanted me to tell her each and every thing we would be doing. Each morning she comes into my room with "What are we doing today?" and "What else?"Every day we go with the flow, work some, relax some, read some, play some, but Fiona does not seem particularly happy here. Her fiery temper is set off continually.How strange it is that my child who is free from school doesn't want to be free at all. Her friends all go to pre-school. So do all her nearest acquaintances. She feels left out of a major part of her friends' shared lives and experiences.Well, here is a dilemma I hadn't anticipated. It is important to me to respect my daughter's opinions and feelings and allow her to direct her own education. If her curiosity leads her to school, isn't that where she should go? On the other hand, she is not in school for very strong, clear reasons. I know the quality of learning my child does at home is superior. How can I allow her to get an inferior education?When we first decided to do this, Sam and I agreed that we would reassess the situation for each child as she turned seven. This would allow us to work out any difficulties and listen to how the child felt about home-schooling, as well as allow us an out if it wasn't working. Meanwhile we would offer her non-schoolbased opportunities to give her plenty of time with other kids -- ballet lessons, swimming classes, T-ball. When she asks when she's going to school, we tell her that there will be a family meeting about it when she turns seven, and we will decide as a family. Shenearly always responds, "That's when I'm going to go, then." A fair amount of her curiosity is about school and I am afraid she'll like it.We have one year. I hope that Fiona will either learn to read and the world opens up for her or she discovers something wonderful to pursue. I hope she will find the activities she is involved in provide her with satisfactory kid-time. I hope that if she does try school, it's only for a little while.Questions:1. Why did the speaker decide to home-school her daughter Fiona?2. What approach did the speaker use in home-schooling her daughter?3. How did Fiona respond to her home-schooling?4. What did Fiona's parents decide to do when each of their daughters turned seven?5. What was the speaker's biggest problem in home-schooling her daughter?6. What does the title suggest?。
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit7
Unit7Part BLast Gasp for SmokersIt was a normal day and in their New York office, Ken and his colleagues stopped for their coffee break. But while his colleagues were able to sit at their desks and drink their coffee, Ken had to go outside. He couldn't stay inside, because he wanted to smoke. If the smokers of the Big Apple want to enjoy a cigarette, the authorities have decided they must go out into the street or up onto the rooftops.Throughout the United States, the number of places where people are allowed to smoke has gradually dwindled. First it was banned on trains, buses, and planes, then in public places such as theaters and airports. Now you can't smoke in any workplace. Nonsmokers are definitely winning the battle. "Why should we breathe their smoke?" they say.If they're lucky, smokers can still find some bars and restaurants or parks and recreation centers where they can light up a cigarette, but it may soon be banned there, too. In fact, smoking in parks and recreation centers is already banned in California. On August 9, 2001, Los Angeles City and County officials announced the implementation of a smoke-free park policy, officially designating smoke-free zones in all 375 parks and recreation centers in the city. And since January 1, 2002 all parks in California have become smoke-free to safeguard children from the harmful effects of secondhand tobacco smoke and dangerous tobacco waste. Anti-smoking groups even think that smoking ought to be banned in people's homes. Under new plans you won't be able to smoke in any house where there are more than ten visitors in a week, or where there are children.In 1996, nicotine was classed as a drug, like cannabis, cocaine or heroin. And scientists all over the world agree that exposure to secondhand smoke poses a serious health risk and there is no safe level of exposure. It is especially dangerous for children because when they are exposed to tobacco smoke, they have much higher rates of lung diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia and are also at greater risks of developing asthma.In the country that gave tobacco to the world, smoking might one day be illegal. And then Ken will have to give up.Questions:1. What is the main idea of the passage you've heard?2. What does the speaker think about banning smoking in public places?3. Where is smoking not banned according to the passage?4. Which of the following is true about nicotine?5. What can be inferred from the sentence "In the country that gave tobacco to the world, smoking might one day be illegal"?Part CMaking Smoking Socially UnacceptableThe World Health Organization has named May 31 as World No Tobacco Day. Marking the day this year, the WHO announced that there was a 33 percent growth in the Asian cigarette market from 1999 - 2000.In Singapore, there has been an increase of smokers, which reflects the popularity of the addictive habit in Asia. Statistics show that seven Singaporeans die every day from smoking-related diseases in this country of 3.5 million people.Now, smoking will become socially unacceptable under a campaign by Singapore's government to use family and social pressure to get smokers to kick the habit. The campaign, launched in April 2002, is the latest weapon employed by the state against the spreading smoking habit. "Show them you care. Help them stop smoking," is the campaign's slogan, aimed at obtaining the help of loved ones to help smokers stop their nicotine habit. As part of its effort to discourage smoking, the government of Singapore has been putting up advertisements in newspapers, on TV and the Internet, showing parents quitting smoking so as not to worry their children.Questions:1. Which of the following days is World No Tobacco Day?2. What did the WHO announce on World No Tobacco Day?3. Why did the speaker cite Singapore as an example?4. What can be inferred from this passage?Part DDeveloping World Becomes a Huge AshtrayAs the tobacco industry in high-income countries faces stern legal measures, it turns to the developing world for market. The fragile economies of many developing countries have created perfect market conditions for the transnational cigarette companies. Investment in tobacco farming in Africa, for example, has increased rapidly. At present, out of the 33 million people engaged in tobacco farming worldwide, one million are in sub-Saharan African countries and the number is growing.And across Africa, farmers are reluctant to grow alternative crops to replace tobacco for fear of losing profit. Even if crop substitution were to succeed, there is little evidence that this would reduce tobacco consumption.So far, governments in Africa have avoided action to control smoking, as they are afraid that intervention might trigger harmful economic consequences on their fragile economies. In Tanzania, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Malawi, there is a general fear that reduced tobacco production would mean a permanent loss of jobs and lower government revenue.While a price increase on cigarettes has been viewed as a measure to control smoking among the poor, the strategy is not working in sub-Saharan Africa. Millions of people who could not afford manufactured cigarettes are increasingly turning to smoking hand-rolled cigarettes, which were traditionally common in India and Southeast Asia but are now taking root in Africa.Partial bans on cigarette advertising in sub-Saharan Africa have had little or no effect on smoking patterns. Researchers say most smokers in the region start smoking when too young and are addicted quite early.Today, a tremendous number of people in the developing world are smokers. In fact, the whole developing world has become a huge ashtray.Questions:1. According to the passage, what is the reason that cigarette companies in industrialized countries have turned to the developing world for market?2. What do we learn about tobacco farming in Africa?3. Why are African farmers reluctant to give up growing tobacco?4. What actions have some African governments taken to control smoking?5. What kind of tobacco products do many African smokers use instead of manufactured cigarettes?5. What is the difference between the successful and the unsuccessful according to DeJoria?6. Why is there no middle management in his company?7. How many employees does the company have? How many should the company probably have?8. How are the employees treated?9. What is DeJoria's attitude toward philanthropy?10. What is his motto?。
大学体验英语听说教程听力原文【第四册unit1】identity
Scripts for Unit OneListening Task 1The neighborhood children my age played together: either active, physical games outdoors or games of dolls-and-house indoors. I, on the other hand, spent much of my childhood alone. I’d curl up in a chair reading fairytales and myths, daydreaming, writing poems or stories and drawing pictures. Sometimes around the fourth grade, my “big” (often critical, judgmental) Grandma, who’d been visiting us said to me, “What’s wrong with you Why don’t the other children want to play with you”I remember being startled and confused by her question. I’d never been particularly interested in playing with the other children. It hadn’t, till then, occurred to me that that was either odd or something with me. Nor had it occurrred to me that they didn’t “want to play with”me. My first conscious memory of feeling different was in the fourth grade. At the wardrobe, listening to classmates joking, chattering and laughing with each other, I realized I hadn’t a clue about what was so funny or of how to participate in their easy chatter. They seemed to live in a universe about which I knew nothing at all. I tried to act like others but it was so difficult.I felt confused and disoriented. I turned back to my inner world: reading books, writing and daydreaming. My inwardness grew me in ways that continued to move me further away from the world of my age peers. The easy flow of casual social chat has remained forever beyond my reach and beyond my interest, too.Listening Task 2The greatest difficulty for me is that as a person of mixed origin I am at home neither here nor there. Wherever I am, I am regarded as being foreign, either “white” or “blac k”. It happens to me when I live in my mother’s country of origin, in Switzerland, and it happened to me when I was living in my father’s country, Ivory Coast. I would feel at home where I could feel that people accept me just the way I am! When you are a small child you first do not feel that you are different fromthe others. But soon the others will make you feel different – and children too can be very cruel in their behavior against the “strange child”. Sometimes incredible incidents happen. Some time ago I was riding my bike somewhere in a little place in Switzarland nearby to where I live. A car drove by, and the male driver opened the window and yelled at me: “Scheiss – Neger – dirty nigger!” I almost froze. I felt helpless and unable to defend myself. When I looked at the number plate, I saw that it was a German number plate. This means that the insulting person himself was a foreigner in this country! How could he dare insult me like this I felt that I wanted to kill this man. When I recovered I was able to think about it more clearly. These racist people are just stupid and do not know anything about life.Scripts for Unit TwoListening Task 1Everybody cheats. Whether it’s the taxi driver who tricks a visitor and takes hime the long way round, or the shop assistant who doesn’t give the correct change, or the police officer who accepts a bribe – everybody’s at it. Cheats in the news include the scientist whose research was based on fake data, the game show contestant who collaborated with a friend in the audience to win a million pounds, and the doctor who forged his qualifications and wasn’t really a doctor at all. Everybody cheats; nobody’s playing the game.Is cheating acceptable, a natural way of surviving and being successful Or is it something that should be frowned on, and young people discouraged from doing If it’s the latter, how can we explain to children why so many bend the rulesTake sport for example. The pinnacle of football, the World Cup, was rife with cheating. Whether pretending to be hurt or denying a handball, footballers will do anything for a free-kick or a penalty shot. French player Henry denied cheating to win the free-kick which led to his side’s second goal in their 3-1 victory over Spain. Whatever the nationality there’s one common strategy: the player rolls overholding his leg, ankle or head seeming to be in great pain. As a result a yellow card or free-kick is given for the foul and then, a few seconds later, the player is up and about as if nothing had happened!Of course it’s not just the footballers. In 1998 the Tour of France, the world’s greatest cycling event, was hit by a drug-taking scandal. Forty bottles of drugs found with a team triggered a massive investigation that almost caused the cycling tour to be abandoned. One rider was banned for nine months.Listening Task 2A climate of mistrust surrounds everyone.In the field of business, Enron, America’s seventh largest company, could serve as an unfortunate example. Its collapse in 2001 caused thousands of people to lose their jobs and life savings. The company had fooled investors into believing it was healthier than it really was. One boss now faces the rest of life in prison. Meanwhile companies around the world are losing billions of dollars to the counterfeit trade. From cut-price CDs and DVDs to sportswear and cosmetics, cheap fake products are everywhere. It has become socially acceptable to buy fake Gucci bags and illegal copies of films. If parents are doing this, their children will follow.So perhaps it’s not surprising that around the world more pupils than ever are caught cheating during exams. In one case keys to exam papers were put up for sale on the Internet. In another, widespread cheating took place by pupils using their mobile phones to receive texted answers. In a third case, pupils admitted to candidate substitution. They blame the pressure put on them to do well in exams. It doesn’t help that their role models are also cheats. Surely we can’t complain when we’re setting such a bad example.Unit 3 LifestyleListening task 1When she has young children, a stay-at-home mom has two jobs. Her house and her kids.A stay-at-home mom is expected to do all the house cleaning. She is expected to always be the one to get up in the middle of the night, do the school things –room-mother, baker, coordinator, chauffeur and carpooler, etc. often, a stay-at-home mom is expected to take over “daddy-type”chores such as lawn-mowing and taking cars for repair. Imagine sitting in a repair shop with two squirmy toddlers! The worst thing is that the stay-at-home mom is made to feel guilty for saying “no”. The reason the stay-at-home mom does not get her nails done or have a spa day is she feels guilty for spending family money on herself.Gosh, you all have such hectic lives. I’m dizzy just hearing your daily activities.I guess I have it nice. I have no schedule at all! I get up whn I want. I work my business when I want. I shop when I want to. I wash my hair when I bathe or I don’t wash my hair. When I go to work all I have to do is open up my office door in my house and I’m at work already. No traffic to deal with and there can be 10 feet of snow on the ground and I wouldn’t have to walk an inch of it because my house connects directly to my warehouse! If I get up and don’t feel like working I don’t.Listening task 2I took my first drink and smoked my first marijuana cigarette when I was 12 years old. In high school, I used all kinds of drugs. After high school until I was 21, I did a lot of binge drinking. When I was 31, I started using crack cocaine. That’s when the real problems began.I was addicted to alcohol and cocaine, and my life was a wreck. I tried to quit a number of times. I moved to Mexico and gave up cocaine. I still drank and smoked marijuana, but for the time I lived there, I was off cocaine. I thought that that time off cocaine would completely cure me of any desire for it, but when I got back in town two years later, I started using it again only five days later. Every partof my life was messed up. I remember my oldest son being embarrassed to be seen with me. He would pass me on the street with his friends but he wouldn’t even speak to me. The bottom came for me when I was finally evicted from my apartment. I lost my car, my home and my sons. I looked in the mirror that day, and I couldn’t look myself in the eyes. The next morning, I showed up at the treatment center. The first few days of detox and treatment were hard, but I was convinced that I needed help, so I stayed. I’ve been clean now for five years, and I have a new life.Unit Four FamilyListening Task OneThe traditional American family is a “nuclear family”. A nuclear family refers to a husband and wife and their children. The average American family today has two or three children. In some cultures, people live close to their extended family. Several generations may even live together. In America, only in a few cases does more than one household live under one roof.American values are valued in the home. Many homes are run like a democracy. Each family member can have a say. A sense of equality often exists in Amercan homes. Husbands and wives often share household chores. Often parents give children freedom to make their own decisions. Preschoolers choose what clothes to wear or which toys to buy. Young adults generally make their own choices about what career to pursue and whom to marry.Families in America, like those in every culture, face many problems. Social pressures are breaking apart more and more American homes. Over half of US marriages now end in divorce. More than one in four American children are growing up in single-parent homes. As a result, many people believe the American family is in trouble.Even so, there is stll reason for hope. Many organizations are working hard to strengthen families. Americans almost unanimously believe that the family is oneof the most important parts of life. They realize that problems in family life in recent years have brought serious consequences. As a result, more and more people are making their family a priority. Many women are quitting their jobs to stay home with their children. Families are going on vacations and outings together. Husbands and wives are making a concentrated effort to keep their marriages solid.The United Naitions has declared 1994 the “International Year of Family”. Not just in America, but all over the world, people recognize the importance of a strong family bond.Listening Task TwoWomen are beginning to rise steadily to the top in the workplace all over the developed world, but in the US they are forging ahead. New figures show that in almost a third of American households with a working wife, the woman brings home more money than her husband. They are gaining more college degrees and Masters of Business Administration qualifications than men and now occupy half the country’s high-paying, executive administrative and managerial occupations, compared with 34 per cent 20 years ago.The trend is caused by two main factors, experts say –a growing acceptance of men as househusbands and mass redundancy of male white-collar workers from the technology, finance and media industries in the last three years.The University of Maryland has produced a report that shows women to be the family’s bread-earner-in-chief in 11 per cent of all US marriages. And where bothe spouses work, she now brings in 60 per cent or more of the family income in per cent of the households.An economist at the University of Wisconsin said that ambitious women are increasingly looking for househusbands and leave men at the kitchen sink.Unit Five Health and DietListening Task 1I had just turned 40, and has spent most of my adult life working as a public relations consultant with little time to cook, let alone learn how to cook. But a few years ago I made a resolution to start writing down the recipes I had grown up with and posting them to my website. I come from a big family –six kids –and thought what a terrific family project to document our family recipes! Both my mother and father are excellent home cooks; mom raises us all, and dad loves to eat well and enjoys the experimentation of trying out new recipes. I’m spending a lot of time with my parents lately; we cook a meal and then over dinner discuss the finer points of the proper way to prepare the dishes, and whether or not a new recipe was worth the effort. Many of the recipes are family recipes, and many of them are those that we pick from cookbooks, magazines, and newspaper clippings we’ve collected over 30 years. But sometimes it’s hard when you only have a clipping. The recipes shown here use mostly whole food ingredients and only occasionally a few things from cans or prepared foods. We believe in a varied, healthy diet, using real butter, real cream, eggs, and protein from meat, fish, and cheese.About me, my name is Alice Bauer and I am a partner in a consulting firm in the San Francisco Bay Area. I maintain several weblogs in addition to Simply Recipes as part of .Thanks so much for visiting Simply Recipes!Listening Task 2One of my most favorite breakfast is a poached egg on toast, with a side of papaya and lime, including some prosciutto with the papaya. Papaya is filled with enzymes that help digestion, and is even used to tenderize meat. The ingredients you need include: 1 firm but ripe papaya, 2 ounces of thinly sliced prosciutto, and 1/2 lime, cut and sliced into a few wedges. Now let’s go!First, using a vegetable peeler, peel away the outer skin of the papaya. Then cut the papaya in half. Using a metal spoon, scoop out and discard the seeds. By theway, the seeds are edible. They taste peppery, like nasturtium flowers, and can be used in salads. Next, slice the papaya halves into wedges lengthwise. Arrange them on a plate. Now what you need to do is to roll up thin sheets of prosciutto and place them between the papaya wedges. Remember the last thing, squeeze fresh limejuice over the papaya and prosciutto.If you would like to serve the papaya as an appetizer, cut the papaya into 1-inch pieces, sprinkle on some lime juice, wrap each piece with some prosciutto, and secure with a tooth pick. It serves 2-4.Unit Six TravelListening Task 1I was spending my summer in a remote village in Ghana. I got afflicted with “the runny stomach”, as the family I lived with called it. After 5 days of the runny stomach, we left the village and took a 12-hour car ride to the capital city. Needless to say, 12-hour car rides and runny stomachs aren’t compatible. Once we had to stop in a village, greet the 20 or so people that were there, give a detailed explanation of my condition, and then I was allowed to use a brand-new porcelain toilet. I was very embarrassed because they had someone clean the toilet and stand outside while I did my noisy business. Through a crack in the bathroom wall I could hear some kids washing the dishes. I was splendid entertainment for the kids. Each time I let out some gas, I heard squeals of delight and hysterical laughter. They also muttered about “runny stomach”. But the highlight of my sickness had to be the wedding we attended in the capital. There I was greeted by countless guests. They asked about the details of my stomach condition. On my 8th day of sickness, we went to a private hospital and for the next two weeks I took lots of prescribed antibiotics and drank bottles of oral rehydration salts. My condition began improving in about two days. Much to my disappointment, the stool and blood samples came back negative, so my condition was a result of a change of diet. Needless to say, I learned not to beshy about stomach conditions.Listening Task 2When he realized that his short-term memory was failing, my husband decided to wear a multi-pocketed vest. The vest, with its 17 pockets each serving a purpose, did work for a while. Things were going so well that he started to relax a little and one day he turned back to his traditional pants-pocket wallet.Just seconds after boarding the crowded Rome subway, a pickpocket was attracted by the familiar bulge. My husband stared at him for a moment. Finally the would-be thief withdrew and joined the crowd.My partner became more careful, and the next time he was better organized, all the essentials in their assigned pockets. We had checked in for our flight to Athens. Before boarding I casually asked where his Swiss army knife was. His hand immediately went to the pocket designated for the knife, and found it safe there. Then his face fell: safe, that is , for anything but air travel.Realizing that his precious knife would be taken away at security, he returned to the check-in counter. Fortunately, the frowning attendant agreed to pack his knife in a little box and check it separately.By the time we got to Athens at midnight we were both exhausted. Our luggage emerged and all the other passengers were gone. My husband was still watching the carousel going round and round and round. Finally, he went to find a baggage handler and a half hour later reappeared triumphantly with his knife.Unit Seven LanguageListening Task 1Jessica Bucknam shouts “tiao!” and her fourth-grade students jump. “Dun!” she commands, and they crouch. They giggle as the commands keep coming in Mandarin Chinese. Most of the kids have studied Chinese since they were in kindergarten.They are part of a Chinese-immersion program at Woodstock Elementary School, in Portland, Oregon. Bucknam, who is from China, introduces her students to approximately 150 new Chinese characters each year. Students read stories, sing songs and learn math and science, all in Chinese.Half of the students at the school are enrolled in the program. They can continue studying Chinese in middle and high school. The goal: to speak like natives. About 24,000 American students are currently learning Chinese. Most are in high school. But the number of younger students is growing in response to China’s emergence as a global superpower. The government is helping to pay for language instruction. Recently, the Defense Department gave Oregon schools $700,000 for classes like Bucknam’s. The Senate is considering giving $ billion for Chinese classes in public schools.“China has become a stong partner of the United States,” says Mary Patterson, Woodstock’s principal. “Children who learn Chinese at a young age will have more opportunities for jobs in the future.” Isabel Weiss, 9, isn't thinking about the future. She thinks learning Chinese is fun. “When you hear people speaking in Chinese, you know what they’re saying,”she says. “And they don’t know that you know.”Want to learn Chinese You have to memorize 3,500 characters to really know it all! Start with these Chinese characters and their pronunciations.Listening Task 2An idiom is an expression whose meaning cannot be deduced from the literal definitions and the arrangement of its parts, but refers instead to a figurative meaning that is known only through conventional use. In the English expression to kick the bucket, a listener knowing only the meaning of kick and bucket would be unable to deduce the expression’s actual meaning, which is to die. Although kickthe bucket can refer literally to the act of striking a bucket with a foot, native speakers rarely use it that way.Idioms hence tend to confuse those not already familiar with them; students of a new language must learn its idiomatic expressions the way they learn its other vocabulary. In fact many natural language words have idiomatic origins, but have been sufficiently assimilated so that their figurative senses have been lost. Interestingly, many Chinese characters are likewise idiomatic constructs, as their meanings are more often not traceable to a literal meaning of their assembled parts, or radicals. Because all characters are composed from a relatively small base of about 214 radicals, their assembled meanings follow several different modes of interpretation –from the pictographic to the metaphorical to those whose original meaning has been lost in history.Real world listeningQ: Why are some idioms so difficult to be understood outside of the local culture A: Idioms are, in essence, often colloquial metaphors – terms which requires some foundational knowledge, information, or experience, to use only within a culture where parties must have common reference. As cultures are typically localized, idioms are more often not useful for communication outside of that local context.Q: Are all idioms translatable across languagesA: Not all idioms are translatable. But the most common idioms can have deep roots, traceable across many languages. To have blood on one’s hands is a familiar example, whose meaning is obvious. These idioms can be more universally used than others, and they can be easily translated, or their metaphorical meaning can be more easily deduced. Many have translations in other languages, and tend to become international.Q: How are idioms different from others in vocabularyA: First, the meaning of an idiom is not a straightforward composition of the meaning of its parts. For example, the meaning of kick the bucket has nothing to do with kicking buckets. Second, one cannot substitute a word in an idiom with a related word. For example, we can not say kick the pail instead of kick the bucket although bucket and pail are synonyms. Third, one can not modify an idiom or apply syntactic transformations. For example, John kicked the green bucket or the bucket was kicked has nothing to do with dying.Unit 8 ExaminationListening Task 1At first, fifth-grader Edward Lynch didn’t pay much attention to his teacher’s warnings about the big tests the class would take at the end of the school year. But two weeks before North Carolina’s first-ever elementary-promotion exams, Edward says he’s scared. He’s a B student but an erratic test taker. “The other night I had a dream my books were squishing me and pencils were stabbing me,”says the 11-year-old. His classmate West Bullock says, “I have friends who throw up the night before tests.” Their teacher, Kelly Allen, worries that half of her 21 students are at risk of failing next week’s multiple-choice tests on math and reading. If they fail, they won’t be able to graduate to middle school.In 1996 the state of North Carolina launched its ABCs testing program, a carrot-and-stick approach that holds schools responsible for their students’educational progress. Over the next four years, scores on statewide tests rose 14%. But critics of the program say the cost has been high, in ways that range from stomachaches to insomnia and depression.Schools, also, are sacrificing important lessons in science, social studies and foreign languages to focus on concepts that will be tested. Thus the harmful practices such as retention in grade and tracking are encouraged. High school biology students no longer dissect frogs. A history teacher doesn’t assign research papersbecause they don’t help him prepare students for state-mandated tests. Lisa, a mother of a struggling fifth-grader said. “If they have kids with straight A’s, they think it’s fine, but I think there’s too much pressure with this pass-fail system.”She views the accountability system as a social experiment whose outcome is not yet known.Listening Task 2No one wants to be tested. We would all like to get a driver’s license without answering questions about right of way or showing that we can parallel park a car. Many future lawyers and doctors probably wish they could join their profession without taking an exam.But tests and standards are a necessary fact of life. They protect us – most of the time – from inept drivers, hazardous products and shoddy professionals. In schools too, exams play a constructive role. They tell teachers what their students have learned –and have not. They tell parents how their children are doing compared with others their age. They encourage students to exert more effort.Therefore, formal testing has its place in the overall scope of education. The test data can be very useful in making decisions for the upcoming school year as well as for long term planning. Besides, the parents need accountability to themselves. Welcome the opportunity to discover their child’s strengths and weaknesses and to ascertain needs that should be addressed or pieces that are missing in the student’s academic training.However, all tests have a margin of error. Several factors will affect tests scores, including rapport established with examiner, health of students, lack of sleep the night before, temperature of testing room, attention span, and many other variables. In other words, don’t fall apart if the scores aren’t what you think they should have been. They are just test scores and tests are not infallible.。
全新版大学英语听说教程4听力原文
全新版大学英语听说教程第四册听力原文（Part B，C 部分）Unit 1Part BBirthday Celebrations Around the WorldChairman: Welcome to this special birthday edition of One World. Yes, folks, we've been on the air for exactly one year now, and we thought it would be a nice idea to have a special program dedicated to birthday celebrations around the world. With us in the studio tonight we have Shaheen Hag and Pat Cane, who have a weekly column on birthdays in the Toronto Daily Star. Shaheen: Good evening.Pat: Good evening.Chairman: Shaheen, perhaps we could begin with you. How are birthdays celebrated in India? Shaheen: Well, perhaps we're all assuming that everyone in the world celebrates their birthday. This just isn't the case. Low-income families in India, for instance, simply can't afford any festivities. And most Muslims don't celebrate their birthdays.Pat: I think Shaheen has raised an interesting point here. The Christian church, too, was actively against celebrating birthdays, and in any case most people, until a couple of hundred years ago, couldn't even read and wouldn't have even been able to spot their birthday on a calendar anyway. Shaheen: Of course some Muslims do celebrate their birthdays. In Egypt, Turkey and Indonesia, for example, the rich people invite friends and families around. But not in small villages. Chairman: Here in England your twenty-first used to be the big one. But now it seems to have moved to eighteen. Is that true?Pat: Yes, in most parts of the West eighteen is now the most important birthday. In Finland, for example, eighteen is the age when you can vote, you know, or buy wines, drive a car and so on. But in Japan I think you have to wait till you're twenty before you can smoke or drink. Shaheen: I know in Senegal, which is another Muslim country, girls get to vote at sixteen and boys at eighteen. And in Bangladesh, girls at eighteen and boys at twenty-one.Chairman: That's interesting. I mean is it typical that around the world girls are considered to be more mature than boys?Shaheen: Yes, I think so, and there are some countries, particularly in South America, which have a big party only for girls. In Mexico and Argentina, for example, they have enormous parties for 15-year-old girls.Pat: You know in Norway they have a great party for anyone who's not married by the time they're thirty. It's kind of embarrassing. I mean you get pepper thrown at you.Chairman: Pepper? Why pepper?Pat: I'm not really sure.Shaheen: So does that mean that on your 29th birthday you can start thinking 'God I better get married'?Pat: Well, I'm not sure how seriously they take it.Chairman: In England we have quite big parties for your fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth and so on. Pat: Well, in Japan your eighty-eighth is considered ...Chairman: Eighty-eighth?Pat: ... to be the luckiest birthday. Eight is a very lucky number in Japan.Part CUnit 2Part BLast Gasp for SmokersIt was a normal day and in their New York office, Ken and his colleagues stopped for their coffee break. But while his colleagues were able to sit at their desks and drink their coffee, Ken had to go outside. He couldn't stay inside, because he wanted to smoke. If the smokers of the Big Apple want to enjoy a cigarette, the authorities have decided they must go out into the street or up onto the rooftops.Throughout the United States, the number of places where people are allowed to smoke has gradually dwindled. First it was banned on trains, buses, and planes, then in public places such as theaters and airports. Now you can't smoke in any workplace. Nonsmokers are definitely winning the battle. "Why should we breathe their smoke?" they say.If they're lucky, smokers can still find some bars and restaurants or parks and recreation centers where they can light up a cigarette, but it may soon be banned there, too. In fact, smoking in parks and recreation centers is already banned in California. On August 9, 2001, Los Angeles City and County officials announced the implementation of a smoke-free park policy, officially designating smoke-free zones in all 375 parks and recreation centers in the city. And since January 1, 2002 all parks in California have become smoke-free to safeguard children from the harmful effects of secondhand tobacco smoke and dangerous tobacco waste. Anti-smoking groups even think that smoking ought to be banned in people's homes. Under new plans you won't be able to smoke in any house where there are more than ten visitors in a week, or where there are children.In 1996, nicotine was classed as a drug, like cannabis, cocaine or heroin. And scientists all over the world agree that exposure to secondhand smoke poses a serious health risk and there is no safe level of exposure. It is especially dangerous for children because when they are exposed to tobacco smoke, they have much higher rates of lung diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia and are also at greater risks of developing asthma.In the country that gave tobacco to the world, smoking might one day be illegal. And then Ken will have to give up.Part CUnit 3Part BHow Our Memory WorksTry to imagine a life without a memory. It would be impossible. You couldn't use a language, because you wouldn't remember the words. You couldn't understand a film, because you need to hold the first part of the story in your mind in order to understand the later parts. You wouldn't be able to recognize anyone - even members of your own family. You would live in a permanent present. You would have no past and you wouldn't be able to imagine a future.Human beings have amazing memories. Apart from all our personal memories about our own lives, we can recall between 20,000 and 100,000 words in our own language as well as possibly thousands more in a foreign language. We have all sorts of information about different subjects such as history, science, and geography, and we have complex skills such as driving a car or playing a musical instrument. All these things and countless others depend on our memory.How well you remember things depends on many different factors. Firstly, some people naturally have better memories than others, in just the same way as some people are taller than others, or have different color eyes. Some top chess players, for example, can remember every move of every game that they have ever seen or played.Secondly, research shows that different things are stored in different parts of the brain. Ideas,words, and numbers are stored in the left-hand side, while the right-hand side remembers images, sounds, and smells. In most people one side of the brain is more developed than the other, and this may explain why some people can remember people's faces easily, but can't remember their names.Thirdly, we all remember exciting, frightening, or dramatic events more easily. This is because these experiences produce chemicals such as adrenaline, which boost your memory. They say that anyone who is old enough to remember knows exactly where they were on Tuesday, September 11, 2001, when radio and TV programs around the world were interrupted with the shocking news that the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York were hit.Fourthly, the context in which you learn something can affect how well you remember it. Tests on divers, for example, showed that when they learned things underwater, they could also remember those things best when they were underwater.Lastly, the more often you recall a memory the more likely you are to remember it. If you don't use it, you'll lose it. A telephone number that you dial frequently will stay in your memory easily, but you will probably have to write down one that you use only now and again.Part CUnit 4Part BEmbarrassing ExperiencesInterviewer: Rob, you went to Brazil, didn't you?Rob: Yes, I did.Interviewer: So, what happened?Rob: Well, I went into this meeting and there were about, er... seven or eight people in there and I just said 'Hello' to everybody and sat down. Apparently, what I should have done is to go round the room shaking hands with everyone individually. Well, you know, it's silly of me because Ifound out later it upset everyone. I mean, I think they felt I was taking them for granted.Kate: Well, I know that because when I was in France the first time, I finished a meeting , with 'Goodbye, everyone!' to all the people in the room. There were about half a dozen people there but I was in a hurry to leave, so I just said that and left. Well, I later found out that what I should have done is shake hands with everyone in the group before leaving. Now, apparently, it's the polite thing to do.Interviewer: Well, people shake hands in different ways, don't they?Rob: Oh, yes, that's right, they do. See, normally I shake hands quite gently when I meet someone. So when I went to the US for the first time, I think people there thought my weak handshake was a sign of weakness. Apparently, people there tend to shake hands quite firmly.Kate: Oh, gosh, you know, that reminds me: on my first trip to Germany, it was a long time ago, I was introduced to the boss in the company when he passed us in the corridor. Well, I wasn't prepared, and I mean, I had my left hand in my pocket. And when we shook hands I realized my left hand was still in my pocket. Well, that was, you know, very bad manners and I was quite embarrassed.Interviewer: And how about using first names? Have you made any mistakes there?Rob: Oh, yes, I have! When I first went to Italy I thought it was OK to use everyone's first name so as to seem friendly. And I later discovered that in business you shouldn't use someone's first name unless you are invited to. Oh, and you should always use their title as well.Kate: Hm, yeah, well, when I met people in Russia, you know, they seemed to be puzzled when I shook hands with them and said 'How do you do?' Well, what they do when they greet a stranger is to say their own names, so I had that all wrong!Rob: Oh, yes, I agree with that. Remembering names is very important.Interviewer: Shall we take a break? When we come back we'll move on to our next topic.Kate & Rob: OK.Part CUnit 5 FriendshipPart BThe Hospital WindowJack and Ben, both seriously ill, occupied the same hospital room. Jack, whose bed was next to the room's only window, was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon to help drain the fluid from his lungs. But Ben had to spend all day and night flat on his bed. To kill time the two men began to talk. They talked for hours about their wives, families, their homes, their jobs, their involvement in the military service, and where they had been on vacation. As days went by, a deep friendship began to develop between them.Every afternoon when Jack could sit up, he would pass the time by describing to Ben all the things he could see outside the window. And Ben began to live for those one-hour periods where his world would be broadened and enlivened by all the activity and color of the world outside.The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake. Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats. Young lovers walked arm in arm amid flowers of every color of the rainbow. Grand old trees beautified the landscape, and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance.As Jack described all this in exquisite detail, Ben would close his eyes and imagine the picturesque scenes.One warm afternoon Jack described a parade passing by. Although Ben couldn't hear the band -- he could see it in his mind's eye as Jack portrayed it with descriptive words.Days and weeks passed. One morning the day nurse arrived to bring water for their baths only to find the lifeless body of Jack, who had died peacefully in his sleep. She was saddened and called the hospital attendants to take the body away.Ben was heart broken. Life without Jack was even more unbearable. How he longed to hear Jack's voice and his melodious descriptions of the outside world! As he looked at the window, an idea suddenly occurred to him. Perhaps he could see for himself what it was like outside. As soon as it seemed appropriate, Ben asked if he could be moved next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the switch, and after making sure he was comfortable, she left him alone.Slowly, painfully, he propped himself up on one elbow to take his first look at the world outside. Finally, he would have the joy of seeing it for himself! He strained to slowly turn to look out the window beside the bed. It faced a blank wall!'What could have compelled my roommate to describe such wonderful things outside this window?' Ben asked the nurse when she returned.'Perhaps he just wanted to encourage you to live on,' she said. 'You know, he was blind and could not even see the wall.'Part C。
新标准大学英语视听说教程4-听力原文及翻译
Unit 1OutsideviewConversation 1Li:What a wonderful view! This is such a great city!Do you ever get tired of living in London, Andy?A;"When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life, for there is in London all that life can afford" Li:That's a quotation by Samuel Johnson, isn't it?A:Correct,so do you have any plans when you finish at Oxford?Li: I've got another year to go and then I suppose I'll go back home.A; And you will find a job?Li:I think I have to do my Master's before I look for work.But I must admit London is very special.Do you think you would ever leave London?A:Sure, I'd love to come to china one day, and I like traveling. But i think I'll always come back here.Li:Well, your roots are here and there are so many opportunities.A;But have you ever thought of living in London for a year or two?Li:Y es, but what could I do here? I had planned to become a teacher.But i have often thought if there was a job i could do here in publishing,maybe as an editor, I'll go for it.A:That's sounds like a great idea.I think that would really suit youLi:Maybe I should update my CV and send it to one or two publisher.A:Don't make it look too goodLi:Why not?A;Well,if you enjoy working with London Time Off, we don't want you working with anyone else Li:Oh, working with you and Joe it's great fun and really interesting. I couldn't think of a better way to find out about a cityA;So maybe you should think about applying for a job with usLi:But do you think I'd stand a chance(有可能，有希望)?I mean, I'm not sure if Joe likes meA:Don't even think about it!Joe is very straight talking and I promise you that you'd know if he didn't like you.Li:Perhaps we should both update our CVs and look for jobs togetherA:Hey,right!That would be fun.李：什么是美好的景色！这是这样一个伟大的城市！你有没有厌倦过伦敦的生活，安迪？当一个人厌倦了伦敦，他就厌倦了生活，因为在伦敦，所有的生活都能承受李：那是约翰逊塞缪尔的语录，不是吗？答：对，你在牛津结束的时候有什么计划吗？李：我还有一年要走，我想我会回家。
新编大学英语视听说教程4听力原文与答案.pdf
新编⼤学英语视听说教程4听⼒原⽂与答案.pdf视听说4 听⼒原⽂及答案Unit 1 Leisure activitiesPart 1 listening oneEver wish you could do magic tricks, or introduce yourself as “magician” at a party? Imagine, everybody wants to have fun, but nothings’ really happening, it’s time for you to show one of your ne w tricks. Here, you can learn how, and without any need for special materials or much practice.A trick with a coin, a handkerchief and a friend:Put the coin on your palm. Cover the coin with the handkerchief. Ask several people to put their hands beneath the handkerchief and feel the coin, to make sure that it is still there. Then take the corner of the handkerchief and pull it rapidly off your hand. The coin has gone! How? You must make sure the last friend who feels the coin knows the trick and removes the coin when he seems to be just feeling it. And nobody knows where it has gone!A trick with a piece of paper and a pencil:Tell your friend that you can communicate your thoughts without speaking to other people. Write on the piece of paper the word No. Don't let your friends see what you have written. Say, "Now I will communicate this word into your minds." Pretend to concentrate. Ask them if they know what is written on the paper. They will say, "No!" And you say, "Quite correct! I wrote No on the paper!"A trick with an egg and some salt:Ask your friends to stand the egg upright on the table. They won't manage to do it. Say that you can speak to the chicken inside. Say, "Chicken! Can you hear me? Get ready to balance your egg!"When you first get the egg back from your friends, pretend to kiss the egg at the base. Make the base wet. Then put the base into salt which is in your other hand. The salt will stick to the egg. Then put the egg on the table. Twist the egg around a few times as this will arrange the grains of salt. Then it will stand up. Don't forget to thank the chicken.Questions:1.What does the magician ask people to do in the first trick2.What happens to the coin?3.How does the magician prove that he can communicate histhoughts to the audience in the second trick?4.What is the first step to make the egg stand upright?5.What else is needed to make the egg stand upright?Keys: 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. DPart 1 listening two(The following is an interview from a weekly sports program.) Presenter: Good morning, listeners. Welcome to our weekly sports programaimed at all those underactive youngsters with time on their hands!Listen to what our two guests have to say about their hobbies andhow their hobbies have made a difference to their lives. Adriennefirst, then, Jonathan.Adrienne: I collect very interesting jewelry. I tend to travel a lot as most of my family do, so whenever I have a holiday, I like to go traveling.Whenever I travel somewhere, I like to pick up something to remindme of the place that I visited. And, the easiest thing to do is to pickup a small piece of jewelry instead of getting a poster or a T-shirtthat won’t last. I like the idea of having something small and also, Ifind whenever I wear jewelry from somew here, it’s a goodconversation piece. Usually people ask you, “Where did you getthis?” I then have a story to tell, and it’s a good way to meet and talkto people. It’s just interesting. I have jewelry that I picked up when Itraveled to Thailand, when I traveled to Africa and when I traveled toEurope.Presenter: Wow! Sounds nice. You’ll have to show your collections to us. Adrienne: I’d love to.Presenter: Thank you, Adrienne. Now Jonathan.Jonathan: I prefer canoeing because you've always got the water there for support. If you're a good swimmer, have a good sense of balanceand strong arms, you'll like canoeing! The main trouble istransporting your canoe to the right places—my father takes it onthe roof of the car—or sometimes I put it on the roof of the club’sLand Rover. What it has taught me most is to be independent. It'sjust you and the canoe against the wind, the weather and the water.It gives you a lot of self-confidence and it can be really exciting aslong as you don't mind getting soaked, of course! It makes you feelclose to nature somehow. Last year, when I was qualified, I began torun my own canoeing center.Presenter: So you are making your hobby work for you.Jonathan: People are usually very skilled at their hobbies. The combination of interest and skills is a very compelling reason to choose a particularcareer.Presenter: Then, Adrienne, do you have a similar plan?Adrienne: Yes, I love making beaded jewelry. I’ve decided to get some formal training. I want to learn how to be a jewelry designer. Questions:1. Who is the target audience in the program?2. What is Adrienne’s hobby?3. What does Adrienne usually buy when she visits a place?4. How does Jonathan benefit from canoeing?5. What should be the major concern in choosing a career according to Jonathan?Keys: 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. BPart 1 listening threeGerry: I've just been to see Gone with the Wind. It was fantastic. Well worth seeing. Have you ever seen it?Judy : No, but I've read the book. I don't think I would like to see the film really. It would spoil the story for me.Gerry: Really? Oh, give me a film any day. Honestly, if I had to choose between the film of a story and the book of it, I'd go for the film. Judy : Would you?Gerry: Yes. It's much more real. You can get the atmosphere better. You know, the photography and location shots, period costumes, theright accents. Don't you think so?Judy : Not really. I much prefer to use my own imagination. I can imagine how I want it, rather than how someone makes me see it. Anyway, I think you get much more insight into the characters when you read a book. Part of a person's character is lost on film because you never know what they are thinking.Gerry: True, but I don't know. It's much easier going to the cinema. It takes less time. I can get the whole story in two hours but it might take mea week to read the book.Judy : I know, but it's so expensive to go to the cinema nowadays.Gerry: I know, but it's a social event. It's fun. You can go with your friends.When you read a book you have to do it on your own.Judy : All right. Let's agree to differ. I'll get some coffee.Keys:1.1.s poil the story 1.2. and day1.3. Honestly choose the film1.4.Atmosphere photography location period1.5.insight into the characters 1.6. social event1.7. agree to differ2.Films: get the atmosphere better---photography/locationshots/period costumes/right accenteasiertake less time: two hoursan social event: fun, go with friendsBooks: take more time: one weeknot a social event: do it on your ownbooks: use readers’ own imaginationget much more insight into the charactersfilms: spoil the storyexpensivePart 1 listening fourSally Marino gets married. After the wedding, there is a big party—a wedding reception. All the guests eat dinner. There is a band and, after dinner, everyone dances. Sally's mother and father pay for everything. At the end of the reception, Sally andher new husband cut the wedding cake and all the guests get a piece.Pete and Rose buy a new house. After moving in, they invite their friends and family to a party—a housewarming party. Everybody comes to see the new house. They look at the bedrooms, the dining room, even the garage. Pete and Rose serve drinks, sandwiches, and snacks. The party is on a Saturday afternoon.It is Christmas time. Ted and Sarah Robinson want to see many of their friends over the holiday. So they invite their friends to an open house. The hours of the party are from 2 p.m. to 8 p.m. The guests arrive and leave whenever they want. The Robinsons serve sandwiches, drinks, and snacks. Some guests stay for just 20 minutes, others stay for 3 hours. About fifty people come to the open house.Mr. and Mrs. Todd ask their neighbors to come to an evening party. They don't serve much food, just snacks—pretzels, chips, peanuts and many types of drinks. No one dances. Conversation is important with people asking questions like "What's new with you?".Keys:1.√2 √32.4.d inner band dances piece2.5.house drinks snacks2.6.Invite arrive fifty/502.7.snacks Conversation new with youPart 4 Listening 1Receptionist: Good morning. Can I help you?Cathy: Er...a friend told me that you have exercise and dance classes here.Receptionist: That's right.Cathy: OK. Can you give me some information about days and times, please?Receptionist: Yes, there are four classes a day, every day from Monday to Saturday with nothing on Sunday.Cathy: Yeah, can you tell me the open hours?Receptionist: The first one is an aerobics class from 8:30 to 9:30 in the morning. Then there's another aerobics class at lunchtime from12:30 to 1:30.Cathy: Right.Receptionist: Then in the evening from 5:30 to 6:30—another aerobics class too. And there's a jazz dance class from 6:30 to 7:30. Cathy: Right. And what level are they for? I mean, would they be OK fora beginner?Receptionist: The morning aerobics—8:30 to 9:30—is advanced. All the others are at the beginner to intermediate level. But let me giveyou a schedule.Cathy: Thanks. And how much does it cost for a class? Receptionist: You pay a ￡1 entrance fee and then the classes are ￡2.50 each and ￡3.50 for the jazz dancing. It's there on the sheet. Cathy: Oh, yes, I see.Receptionist: If you become a member, entrance is free and...Cathy: Oh, no, it's OK. I'm only in London for two weeks. Receptionist: Oh, right. That's no good then.Cathy: And I guess you have showers and everything? Receptionist: Yes, sure, and in the evenings you can use the sauna free, too. Cathy: Oh, great. So the next class is at 5:30? Well, I'll see you then. Receptionist: Fine. See you later!Questions:1. Where does the dialog most likely take place?2. How many classes are there every day except Sunday?3. At what time does the last class end?4. How much is the entrance fee?5. Which class will Cathy most probably attend?6. What can we learn about Cathy from the conversation?Keys: 1. A 2.C 3.C 4. A 5. C 6. BListening 2Woman: Why don't we go abroad for a change? I'd like to go to France, Spain, or even Italy.Man: Mm. I'm not all that keen on traveling really. I'd rather stay at home. Woman: Oh, come on, Steve. Think of the sun! Man: Yes, but think of the cost! Going abroad is very expensive. Woman: Oh, it isn't, Steve. Not these days.Man: Of course it is, Juliet. The best thing about having a holiday here in Britain is that it's cheaper. And another thing, traveling in Britainwould be easier. No boats, planes or anything.Woman: Even so, we've been to most of the interesting places in Britain already. What's the point in seeing them again? Anyway, we cantravel round Britain whenever we like. There's no point in wastingour summer holiday here.Man: Mm, I suppose you're right. Nevertheless, what I can't stand is all the bother with foreign currency, changing money and all that when wego abroad. I hate all that. And it's so confusing.Woman: Oh, don't be silly, Steve.Man: And what's more, I can't speak any of the languages—you know that.It's all right for you. You can speak some foreign languages. Woman: Exactly. You see, what I'd really like to do is practice my French and Spanish. It would help me a lot at work.Man: Mm, but that's no use to me.Woman: But just think of the new places we'd see, the people we'd meet! Man: But look, if we stayed here, we wouldn't have to plan very much. Woman: I'm sorry, Steve. No. I don't fancy another cold English summer. Questions:1. Where does the man want to spend the summer holiday?2. According to Steve, what is considered important in planning vacation?3. What does Steve find confusing about traveling abroad?4. What will help Juliet in her work?5. What does Juliet think of summer in Britain?Keys:1. C2. B3. D4. C5. BListening 3The game of football may have started in Roman times. It seems that theRomans played a game very much like our modern rugby but with a round ball.English villagers played football in the 16th century and they often had almost a hundred players on each side. It was a very common game, which was very rough and even dangerous until the early part of the 19th century. In the 18th century a Frenchman who had watched a rough game of football in a village wrote, "I could not believe that those men were playing a game. If this is what Englishmen call playing, I would not like to see them fighting!"From the mid-19th century, it was played in schools in England and soon spread all over Britain and Europe. Until in 1850, it was not possible to have football matches between one school and another, because each school had different rules! So set rules had to be made. They were not improved though until, in 1863, when those who preferred to play with hands as well as feet formed the Rugby Union while the others started the Football Association (F.A.). It was only in 1863 that the first set of rules for all football clubs was agreed upon.Nearly 150 years later, football has become by far the most popular sport in the entire world. Would that 18th century Frenchman have believed it possible?Questions:1. According to the passage, when may the game of football have first started?2. How many team members were often involved in the game when the English began to play the game?3. What did the speaker say about the earliest football game in England?4. Why was it NOT possible to have football matches between two schools until 1850?5. What happened to football in 1863?Keys:1. D2. D3. A4. C5. CListening 4In one town, there were three longtime friends, Pat, Mike and Bob. Pat and Bob were quite bright, but Mike was rather dull.One day as Pat and Mike were walking down the sidewalk together, Pat put his hand on a solid brick wall and said, "Mike, hit my hand as hard as you can." Mike struck a hard blow, but Pat pulled his hand away from the wall just before Mike's fist hit it. Of course, it hurt Mike's hand very much when he hit the wall, but Pat said, "That was a good joke on you, wasn't it?" Mike agreed, but was not too happy.The following day Mike and Bob were walking in the town square. Mike decided to play the joke on Bob. He looked around, and seeing no solid object, he placed his hand over his face and said, "Bob, hit my hand as hardas you can." Bob agreed, and as he struck a hard blow with his fist, Mike quickly pulled his hand away and was knocked to the ground, unconscious. After a few minutes Mike recovered, and saw Bob worriedly looking down at him. Mike said, "That was a good joke on you, wasn't it?"Questions:1.Who was NOT clever?2.What did Pat ask Mike to do?3.Who was hurt finally?4.On whom was Mike going to try this joke?5.Where did Mike put his hand when he asked Bob to hit him?6.What happened to Mike after Bob struck a hard blow with his fist?Keys:1.1A2. C3. A4.B5. C6. B2.√2 √5Unit 3 Gender DifferencesPart 1 listening oneThree guys are out having a relaxing day fishing. Out of the blue, they catch a mermaid who begs to be set free in return for granting each of them a wish.Now one of the guys just doesn't believe it, and says, "OK, if you can really grant wishes, then double my IQ." The mermaid says, "Done." Suddenly, the guy starts to recite flawless Shakespeare followed by a short pause and an extremely insightful analysis of it. The second guy is so amazed that he says to the mermaid, "Hey, triple my IQ." The mermaid says, "Done." The guy begins pouring out all the mathematical solutions to problems that have puzzled scientists in all fields.The last guy is so impressed by the changes in his friends that he says to the mermaid, "Quintuple my IQ." The mermaid looks at him and says, "You know, I normally don't try to change people's minds when they make a wish, but I really wish you'd reconsider."The guy says, "No, I want you to increase my IQ five times, and if you don't do it, I won't set you free." "Please," says the mermaid, "you don't know what you're asking... It'll change your entire view of the universe. Won't you ask for something else? A million dollars or anything?"But no matter what the mermaid says, the guy insists on having his IQ increased by five times its usual power. So the mermaid sighs and says, "Done." And he becomes a woman.Keys: 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T2.1. set free in return 2.2 extremely insightful analysis2.3 pouring out, puzzled, in all fields2.4 normally, change people’s minds, reconsider 2.5 usual powerPart 1 listening two(Dr. Herring, author of a book on language and communication, is being interviewed by Bob White, a writer for an academic journal on communication.)Bob White: Good morning, Dr. Herring! We both know that many communication specialists believe that gender bias exists in language, culture and society. Do you think this is really so? Dr. Herring: Yes, I certainly do. How we talk and listen can be strongly influenced by cultural expectations, and these begin duringchildhood. Children usually play together with other childrenof the same gender, and this is where our conversational styleis learned.Bob White: Can you give some specific examples?Dr. Herring: Certainly. We find that girls use language mainly to develop closeness or intimacy as a basis for friendship. Boys, on thecontrary, use language mainly to earn status in their group.Bob White: But, in communication through electronic devices like e-mail discussion groups, there should be no gender distinction ifwriters' names are not used in the messages.Dr. Herring: One might think so, but in fact, email writing style is more comparable with spoken language, so basic language stylesare still evident.Bob White: I thought e-mail messages were gender neutral!Dr. Herring: No. While theoretical gender equality exists for the Internet, in reality women are not given equal opportunity because ofdifferent communication and language styles between thesexes.Bob White: How does that happen? Do you have any hard facts to back up this impression?Dr. Herring: Yes. I've done a research project using randomly selected e-mail messages from online discussion groups. I found thatfemales use language that is more collaborative andsupportive such as "Thanks for all your tips on...", "Goodpoint." and "Hope this helps!". Men tend to use moreaggressive or competitive language such as "Do youunderstand that?", "You should realize that...", "It is absurd tothink...".Bob White: How great are these gender differences?Dr. Herring: Males write messages using aggressive, competitive language more than twice as often as females did, while females usecollaborative and supportive language three times as often asmales did. In this study, it is clear that there is a genderdifference in e-mail messages just as in other communicationmedia.Bob White: So the "battle of the sexes" is still with us, even online. Questions:1. According to Dr. Herring, when is children’s conversational style learned?2. Which of the following is most similar to e-mail writing in style?3. Why is there still no equality on the Internet?4. What comparison did Dr. Herring make in her speech?Keys: 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B2.1. language, culture, society, cultural expectations2.2 closeness intimacy, earn status2.3 collaborative supportive, aggressive competitivePart 1 listening threeJohn: Cathy, do you think it's appropriate for females to continuously expect guys to behave in a standard gentlemanly fashion like opening cardoors?Cathy: W ell, I think it would be nice if men could do such things.John: My side of the theory is that we all have to admit that we are living in the world of change. Right? Sometimes the equation changes if the driver is a girl and the passenger is a guy who doesn't drive. So what happens? Should the girl open the door for the guy or should the guy open the door for the girl? Maybe we should just adopt an "open your own door" policy.Cathy: Yes, I agree, John. But...sometimes it's just a matter of courtesy. It doesn't matter who opens the door for whom. Maybe females just should not expect too much. Life isn't a fairy tale after all.John: It's absolutely true. Sometimes I feel that there isn't any difference in the roles both genders can perform. Of course I'm not saying that men can give birth. Rather what I meant was except for the physical and natural differences between both sexes, there isn't much difference between them.Cathy: But honestly, although I don't expect guys to open doors for me, or to pull out a chair for me, I am usually quite impressed if they do so, asmany guys don't do it nowadays. If the guy was walking in front of meand went through the door first, I'd appreciate it if he could hold thedoor and not let it slam in my face.John: Well, if I'm the one walking in front, I will open the door and hold it for。
大学体验英语听说教程听力原文[第四册Unit_1]Identity
![大学体验英语听说教程听力原文[第四册Unit_1]Identity](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/98c5349a76c66137ee0619ce.png)
Scripts for Unit OneListening Task 1The neighborhood children my age played together: either active, physical games outdoors or games of dolls-and-house indoors. I, on the other hand, spent much of my childhood alone. I’d curl up in a chair reading fairytales and myths, daydreaming, writing poems or stories and drawing pictures. Sometimes around the fourth grade, my “big”(often critical, judgmental) Grandma, who’d been visiting us said to me, “What’s wrong with you? Why don’t the other children want to play with you?”I remember being startled and confused by her question. I’d never been particularly interested in playing with the other children. It hadn’t, till then, occurred to me that that was either odd or something with me. Nor had it occurrred to me that they didn’t “want to play with”me. My first conscious memory of feeling different was in the fourth grade. At the wardrobe, listening to classmates joking, chattering and laughing with each other, I realized I hadn’t a clue about what was so funny or of how to participate in their easy chatter. They seemed to live in a universe about which I knew nothing at all. I tried to act like others but it was so difficult. I felt confused and disoriented. I turned back to my inner world: reading books, writing and daydreaming. My inwardness grew me in ways that continued to move me further away from the world of my age peers. The easy flow of casual social chat has remained forever beyond my reach and beyond my interest, too.Listening Task 2The greatest difficulty for me is that as a person of mixed origin I am at home neither here nor there. Wherever I am, I am regarded as being foreign, either “white” or “blac k”. It happens to me when I live in my mother’s country of origin, in Switzerland, and it happened to me when I was living in my father’s country, Ivory Coast. I would feel at home where I could feel that people accept me just the way I am! When you are a small child you first do not feel that you are different from the others. But soon the others will make you feel different – and children too can be very cruel in their behavior against the “strange child”. Sometimes incredible incidents happen. Some time ago I was riding my bike somewhere in a little place in Switzarland nearby to where I live. A car drove by, and the male driver opened the window and yelled at me: “Scheiss – Neger – dirty nigger!” I almost froze. I felt helpless and unable to defend myself. When I looked at the number plate, I saw that it was a German number plate. This means that the insulting person himself was a foreigner in this country! How could he dare insult me like this? I felt that I wanted to kill this man. When I recovered I was able to think about it more clearly. These racist people are just stupid and do not know anything about life.Scripts for Unit TwoListening Task 1Everybody cheats. Whether it’s the taxi driver who tricks a visitor and takes hime the long way round, or the shop assistant who doesn’t give the correct change, or the police officer who accepts a bribe – everybody’s at it. Cheats in the news include the scientist whose research was based on fake data, the game show contestant who collaborated with a friend in the audience to win a million pounds, and the doctor who forged his qualifications and wasn’t really a doctor at all. Everybody cheats; nobody’s playing the game.Is cheating acceptable, a natural way of surviving and being successful? Or is it something that should be frowned on, and young people discouraged from doing? If it’s the latter, how can we explain to children why so many bend the rules?Take sport for example. The pinnacle of football, the World Cup, was rife with cheating. Whether pretending to be hurt or denying a handball, footballers will do anything for a free-kick or a penalty shot. French player Henry denied cheating to win the free-kick which led to his side’s second goal in their 3-1 victory over Spain. Whatever the nationality there’s one common strategy: the player rolls over holding his leg, ankle or head seeming to be in great pain. As a result a yellow card or free-kick is given for the foul and then, a few seconds later, the player is up and about as if nothing had happened!Of course it’s not just the footballers. In 1998 the Tour of France, the world’s greatest cycling event, was hit by a drug-taking scandal. Forty bottles of drugs found with a team triggered a massive investigation that almost caused the cycling tour to be abandoned. One rider was banned for nine months.Listening Task 2A climate of mistrust surrounds everyone.In the field of business, Enron, America’s seventh largest company, could serve as an unfortunate example. Its collapse in 2001 caused thousands of people to lose their jobs and life savings. The company had fooled investors into believing it was healthier than it really was. One boss now faces the rest of life in prison.Meanwhile companies around the world are losing billions of dollars to the counterfeit trade. From cut-price CDs and DVDs to sportswear and cosmetics, cheap fake products are everywhere. It has become socially acceptable to buy fake Gucci bags and illegal copies of films. If parents are doing this, their children will follow.So perhaps it’s not surprising that around the world more pupils than ever are caught cheating during exams. In one case keys to exam papers were put up for sale on the Internet. In another, widespread cheating took place by pupils using their mobile phones to receive texted answers. In a third case, pupils admitted to candidate substitution. They blame the pressure put on them to do well in exams. It doesn’t help that their role models are also cheats. Surely we can’t complain when we’re setting such a bad example.Unit 3 LifestyleListening task 1When she has young children, a stay-at-home mom has two jobs. Her house and her kids. A stay-at-home mom is expected to do all the house cleaning. She is expected to always be the one to get up in the middle of the night, do the school things –room-mother, baker, coordinator, chauffeur and carpooler, etc. often, a stay-at-home mom is expected to take over “daddy-type”chores such as lawn-mowing and taking cars for repair. Imagine sitting in a repair shop with two squirmy toddlers! The worst thing is that the stay-at-home mom is made to feel guilty for saying “no”. The reason the stay-at-home mom does not get her nails done or have a spa day is she feels guilty for spending family money on herself.Gosh, you all have such hectic lives. I’m dizzy just hearing your daily activities. I guess I have it nice. I have no schedule at all! I get up whn I want. I work my business when I want. I shop when I want to. I wash my hair when I bathe or I don’t wash my hair. When I go to work all I have to do is open up my office door in my house and I’m at work already. No traffic to deal with and there can be 10 feet of snow on the ground and I wouldn’t have to walk an inch of it because my house connects directly to my warehouse! If I get up and don’t feel like working I don’t.Listening task 2I took my first drink and smoked my first marijuana cigarette when I was 12 years old. In high school, I used all kinds of drugs. After high school until I was 21, I did a lot of binge drinking. When I was 31, I started using crack cocaine. That’s when the real problems began.I was addicted to alcohol and cocaine, and my life was a wreck. I tried to quit a number of times. I moved to Mexico and gave up cocaine. I still drank and smoked marijuana, but for the time I lived there, I was off cocaine. I thought that that time off cocaine would completely cure me of any desire for it, but when I got back in town two years later, I started using it again only five days later. Every part of my life was messed up. I remember my oldest son being embarrassed to be seen with me. He would pass me on the street with his friends but he wouldn’t even speak to me. The bottom came for me when I was finally evicted from my apartment. I lost my car, my home and my sons. I looked in the mirror that day, and I couldn’t look myself in the eyes. The next morning, I showed up at the treatment center. The first few days of detox and treatment were hard, but I was convinced that I needed help, so I stayed. I’ve been clean now for five years, and I have a new life.Unit Four FamilyListening Task OneThe traditional American family is a “nuclear family”. A nuclear family refers to a husband and wife and their children. The average American family today has two or three children. In some cultures, people live close to their extended family. Several generations may even live together. In America, only in a few cases does more than one household live under one roof.American values are valued in the home. Many homes are run like a democracy. Each family member can have a say. A sense of equality often exists in Amercan homes. Husbands and wives often share household chores. Often parents give children freedom to make their own decisions. Preschoolers choose what clothes to wear or which toys to buy. Young adults generally make their own choices about what career to pursue and whom to marry.Families in America, like those in every culture, face many problems. Social pressures are breaking apart more and more American homes. Over half of US marriages now end in divorce. More than one in four American children are growing up in single-parent homes. As a result, many people believe the American family is in trouble.Even so, there is stll reason for hope. Many organizations are working hard to strengthen families. Americans almost unanimously believe that the family is one of the most important parts of life. They realize that problems in family life in recent years have brought serious consequences. As a result, more and more people are making their family a priority. Many women are quitting their jobs to stay home with their children. Families are going on vacations and outings together. Husbands and wives are making a concentrated effort to keep their marriages solid.The United Naitions has declared 1994 the “International Year of Family”. Not just in America, but all over the world, people recognize the importance of a strong family bond.Listening Task TwoWomen are beginning to rise steadily to the top in the workplace all over the developed world, but in the US they are forging ahead. New figures show that in almost a third of American households with a working wife, the woman brings home more money than her husband. They are gaining more college degrees and Masters of Business Administration qualifications than men and now occupy half the country’s high-paying, executive administrative and managerial occupations,compared with 34 per cent 20 years ago.The trend is caused by two main factors, experts say – a growing acceptance of men as househusbands and mass redundancy of male white-collar workers from the technology, finance and media industries in the last three years.The University of Maryland has produced a report that shows women to be the family’s bread-earner-in-chief in 11 per cent of all US marriages. And where bothe spouses work, she now brings in 60 per cent or more of the family income in 30.4 per cent of the households.An economist at the University of Wisconsin said that ambitious women are increasingly looking for househusbands and leave men at the kitchen sink.Unit Five Health and DietListening Task 1I had just turned 40, and has spent most of my adult life working as a public relations consultant with little time to cook, let alone learn how to cook. But a few years ago I made a resolution to start writing down the recipes I had grown up with and posting them to my website. I come from a big family – six kids – and thought what a terrific family project to document our family recipes! Both my mother and father are excellent home cooks; mom raises us all, and dad loves to eat well and enjoys the experimentation of trying out new recipes. I’m spending a lot of time with my parents lately; we cook a meal and then over dinner discuss the finer points of the proper way to prepare the dishes, and whether or not a new recipe was worth the effort.Many of the recipes are family recipes, and many of them are those that we pick from cookbooks, magazines, and newspaper clippings we’ve collected over 30 years. But sometimes it’s hard when you only have a clipping. The recipes shown here use mostly whole food ingredients and only occasionally a few things from cans or prepared foods. We believe in a varied, healthy diet, using real butter, real cream, eggs, and protein from meat, fish, and cheese.About me, my name is Alice Bauer and I am a partner in a consulting firm in the San Francisco Bay Area. I maintain several weblogs in addition to Simply Recipes as part of alice..Thanks so much for visiting Simply Recipes!Listening Task 2One of my most favorite breakfast is a poached egg on toast, with a side of papaya and lime, including some prosciutto with the papaya. Papaya is filled with enzymes that help digestion, and is even used to tenderize meat. The ingredients you need include: 1 firm but ripe papaya, 2 ounces of thinly sliced prosciutto, and 1/2 lime, cut and sliced into a few wedges. Now let’s go!First, using a vegetable peeler, peel away the outer skin of the papaya. Then cut the papaya in half. Using a metal spoon, scoop out and discard the seeds. By the way, the seeds are edible. They taste peppery, like nasturtium flowers, and can be used in salads. Next, slice the papaya halves into wedges lengthwise. Arrange them on a plate. Now what you need to do is to roll up thin sheets of prosciutto and place them between the papaya wedges. Remember the last thing, squeeze fresh limejuice over the papaya and prosciutto.If you would like to serve the papaya as an appetizer, cut the papaya into 1-inch pieces, sprinkle on some lime juice, wrap each piece with some prosciutto, and secure with a tooth pick. It serves 2-4.Unit Six TravelListening Task 1I was spending my summer in a remote village in Ghana. I got afflicted with “the runny stomach”,as the family I lived with called it. After 5 days of the runny stomach, we left the village and took a 12-hour car ride to the capital city. Needless to say, 12-hour car rides and runny stomachs aren’t compatible. Once we had to stop in a village, greet the 20 or so people that were there, give a detailed explanation of my condition, and then I was allowed to use a brand-new porcelain toilet. I was very embarrassed because they had someone clean the toilet and stand outside while I did my noisy business. Through a crack in the bathroom wall I could hear some kids washing the dishes. I was splendid entertainment for the kids. Each time I let out some gas, I heard squeals of delight and hysterical laughter. They also muttered about “runny stomach”. But the highlight of my sickness had to be the wedding we attended in the capital. There I was greeted by countless guests. They asked about the details of my stomach condition. On my 8th day of sickness, we went to a private hospital and for the next two weeks I took lots of prescribed antibiotics and drank bottles of oral rehydration salts. My condition began improving in about two days. Much to my disappointment, the stool and blood samples came back negative, so my condition was a result of a change of diet. Needless to say, I learned not to be shy about stomach conditions.Listening Task 2When he realized that his short-term memory was failing, my husband decided to wear a multi-pocketed vest. The vest, with its 17 pockets each serving a purpose, did work for a while. Things were going so well that he started to relax a little and one day he turned back to his traditional pants-pocket wallet.Just seconds after boarding the crowded Rome subway, a pickpocket was attracted by the familiar bulge. My husband stared at him for a moment. Finally the would-be thief withdrew and joined the crowd.My partner became more careful, and the next time he was better organized, all the essentials in their assigned pockets. We had checked in for our flight to Athens. Before boarding I casually asked where his Swiss army knife was. His hand immediately went to the pocket designated for the knife, and found it safe there. Then his face fell: safe, that is , for anything but air travel. Realizing that his precious knife would be taken away at security, he returned to the check-in counter. Fortunately, the frowning attendant agreed to pack his knife in a little box and check it separately.By the time we got to Athens at midnight we were both exhausted. Our luggage emerged and all the other passengers were gone. My husband was still watching the carousel going round and round and round. Finally, he went to find a baggage handler and a half hour later reappeared triumphantly with his knife.Unit Seven LanguageListening Task 1Jessica Bucknam shouts “tiao!” and her fourth-grade students jump. “Dun!” she commands, and they crouch. They giggle as the commands keep coming in Mandarin Chinese. Most of the kids have studied Chinese since they were in kindergarten.They are part of a Chinese-immersion program at Woodstock Elementary School, in Portland, Oregon. Bucknam, who is from China, introduces her students to approximately 150 new Chinese characters each year. Students read stories, sing songs and learn math and science, all in Chinese. Half of the students at the school are enrolled in the program. They can continue studying Chinese in middle and high school. The goal: to speak like natives.About 24,000 American students are currently learning Chinese. Most are in high school. But the number of younger students is growing in response to China’s emergence as a global superpower. The U.S government is helping to pay for language instruction. Recently, the Defense Department gave Oregon schools $700,000 for classes like Bucknam’s. The Senate is considering giving $1.3 billion for Chinese classes in public schools.“China has become a stong partner of the United States,”says Mary Patterson, Woodstock’s principal. “Children who learn Chinese at a young age will have more opportunities for jobs in the future.” Isabel Weiss, 9, isn't thinking about the future. She thinks learning Chinese is fun. “When you hear people speaking in Chinese, you know what they’re saying,” she says. “And they don’t know that you know.”Want to learn Chinese? You have to memorize 3,500 characters to really know it all! Start with these Chinese characters and their pronunciations.Listening Task 2An idiom is an expression whose meaning cannot be deduced from the literal definitions and the arrangement of its parts, but refers instead to a figurative meaning that is known only through conventional use. In the English expression to kick the bucket, a listener knowing only the meaning of kick and bucket would be unable to deduce the expression’s actual meaning, which is to die. Although kick the bucket can refer literally to the act of striking a bucket with a foot, native speakers rarely use it that way.Idioms hence tend to confuse those not already familiar with them; students of a new language must learn its idiomatic expressions the way they learn its other vocabulary. In fact many natural language words have idiomatic origins, but have been sufficiently assimilated so that their figurative senses have been lost.Interestingly, many Chinese characters are likewise idiomatic constructs, as their meanings are more often not traceable to a literal meaning of their assembled parts, or radicals. Because all characters are composed from a relatively small base of about 214 radicals, their assembled meanings follow several different modes of interpretation –from the pictographic to the metaphorical to those whose original meaning has been lost in history.Real world listeningQ: Why are some idioms so difficult to be understood outside of the local culture?A: Idioms are, in essence, often colloquial metaphors –terms which requires some foundational knowledge, information, or experience, to use only within a culture where parties must have common reference. As cultures are typically localized, idioms are more often not useful for communication outside of that local context.Q: Are all idioms translatable across languages?A: Not all idioms are translatable. But the most common idioms can have deep roots, traceable across many languages. To have blood on one’s hands is a familiar example, whose meaning is obvious. These idioms can be more universally used than others, and they can be easily translated, or their metaphorical meaning can be more easily deduced. Many have translations in other languages, and tend to become international.Q: How are idioms different from others in vocabulary?A: First, the meaning of an idiom is not a straightforward composition of the meaning of its parts. For example, the meaning of kick the bucket has nothing to do with kicking buckets. Second,one cannot substitute a word in an idiom with a related word. For example, we can not say kick the pail instead of kick the bucket although bucket and pail are synonyms. Third, one can not modify an idiom or apply syntactic transformations. For example, John kicked the green bucket or the bucket was kicked has nothing to do with dying.Unit 8 ExaminationListening Task 1At first, fifth-grader Edward Lynch didn’t pay much attention to his teacher’s warnings about the big tests the class would take at the end of the school year. But two weeks before North Carolina’s first-ever elementary-promotion exams, Edward says he’s scared. He’s a B student but an erratic test taker. “The other night I had a dream my books were squishing me and pencils were stabbing me,”says the 11-year-old. His classmate West Bullock says, “I have friends who throw up the night before tests.” Their teacher, Kelly Allen, worries that half of her 21 students are at risk of failing next week’s multiple-choice tests on math and reading. If they fail, they won’t be able to graduate to middle school.In 1996 the state of North Carolina launched its ABCs testing program, a carrot-and-stick approach that holds schools responsible for their students’ educational progress. Over the next four years, scores on statewide tests rose 14%. But critics of the program say the cost has been high, in ways that range from stomachaches to insomnia and depression.Schools, also, are sacrificing important lessons in science, social studies and foreign languages to focus on concepts that will be tested. Thus the harmful practices such as retention in grade and tracking are encouraged. High school biology students no longer dissect frogs. A history teacher doesn’t assign research papers because they don’t help him prepare students for state-mandated tests. Lisa, a mother of a struggling fifth-grader said. “If they have kids with straight A’s, they think it’s fine, but I think there’s too much pressure with this pass-fail system.”She views the accountability system as a social experiment whose outcome is not yet known.Listening Task 2No one wants to be tested. We would all like to get a driver’s license without answering questions about right of way or showing that we can parallel park a car. Many future lawyers and doctors probably wish they could join their profession without taking an exam.But tests and standards are a necessary fact of life. They protect us – most of the time – from inept drivers, hazardous products and shoddy professionals. In schools too, exams play a constructive role. They tell teachers what their students have learned – and have not. They tell parents how their children are doing compared with others their age. They encourage students to exert more effort.Therefore, formal testing has its place in the overall scope of education. The test data can be very useful in making decisions for the upcoming school year as well as for long term planning. Besides, the parents need accountability to themselves. Welcome the opportunity to discover their child’s strengths and weaknesses and to ascertain needs that should be addressed or pieces that are missing in the student’s academic training.However, all tests have a margin of error. Several factors will affect tests scores, including rapport established with examiner, health of students, lack of sleep the night before, temperature of testing room, attention span, and many other variables. In other words, don’t fall apart if the scores aren’t what you think they should have been. They are just test scores and tests are not infallible.。
大学英语听说教程4unit1unit8原文
Unit 1Dr. Zhang: What’s so funny Lisa?Lisa: Ha, ha! I’ve just read an article about a Scottish touristwho had his passport stolen in New Zealand, by a parrot.Dr. Zhang: A parrot? A bird? That’s impossible! Are you pulling my leg?Lisa: No, I am dead serious: it’s a true story!Dr. Zhang: What happened?Lisa: According to the article, the Scottish tourist had put his passport in a little bright bag. But the brightness of the bag drew the attention of a parrot, which swooped down, grabbed it, and flew away!Dr. Zhang: Oh my! The poor tourist! What’s he going to do?Lisa: Well, he can’t travel home. In fact, he will now have to spend an extra six weeks in New Zealand.Dr. Zhang: Six weeks?Lisa: Yeah. The article says that’s how long it will take him to get his passport renewed.Dr. Zhang: How inconvenient!Lisa: Indeed. That’s why, when I travel, I always keep important documents in a safe in my hotel room. I would never lose an ID card or passport!Lisa: Tina, I am in a panic. I can’t find my ID card .I’ve lost it!Tina: It’s probably just misplaced. I am sure it will turn up.Lisa: No it won’t. I’ve looked everywhere for it .it’s nowhere to be found. I think I somehow threw the card out with the rubbish. I did a big house clean on Sunday and may have gotten a bit careless.Oh my, what have I done?Tina: Lisa, take it easy .it’s not the end of the world! You’ll just have to get it replaced.Lisa: How? Will I be fined?Tina: No, of course not. It’s a simple two-step process. I had to do it last year. The first thing is to report the card lost or stolen to your local police station.Lisa: That’s fairly straightforward. Then what?Tina: Take a copy of the police report to the Public Security Bureau opposite the National Library. They will issue a new card immediately.Lisa: That’s it?Tina: That’s it.Lisa: So I’ll have a new card by the end of the week?Tina: Yep. It’s no big deal, really.Lisa: You’re a star. Thanks for the help!Tina: No worries.Unit2Jack: Eric, I hope I meet the woman of my dreams sooner rather than later. I want to settle down and have a family before I am thirty.Eric: Well, I’ve always thought that you and Rachel would make a wonderful couple!Jack: Rachel? She’d never go for me.Eric: I wouldn’t be so sure. You should see the way she looks at you.What year were you born in?Jack: What year was I born in? What’s that got to do with anything?Eric: Lots. The year you were born says a great deal about your personality and who you would be compatible with as a mate.Jack: You’re kidding, right?Eric: No. I am perfectly serious.Jack: I was born in 1985.Eric: That’s the year of the ox. That makes sense, because you’re down to earth, caring and loyal, just like ox people. Are you aware that Rachel was born in 1987?Jack: Yes, I am, but what’s your point?Eric: That’s the year of the rabbit.Rabbit people are usually sweet natured, sociable and romantic.Jack: Just like Rachel…Eric: You know, it is said that an ideal match for a rabbit is an ox…Cindy: Lisa, you’re such an extroverted person, while I am much more introverted. You’re outgoing, whereas I am soft spoken. You’re very social, while I am very reserved. What do you think it is that makes our personalities so different? After all, we’re sisters!Lisa: I think it all has to do with the nature versus nurture debate?Cindy: Nature versus nurture?Lisa: Yes, some scientists think that people are born with their personalities. That’s the “nature” theory of human behavior. Other scientists claim that the environment people grow up in shapes their personalities. That’s the “nurture” theory of human behavior.Cindy: Hm. Interesting. I tend to think that the environment determines a person’s character. I guess that means I subscribe to the “nurture” theory.Lisa: Me too. I suppose that’s why we are so different. We went to different schools, you played sports while Istudied music, and we hung out with different types of friends.Cindy: Nonetheless, I do think nature plays a role in shaping personality too. After all, we’re both intelligent, talented in what we do and very caring towards others. These are probably all traits that we inherited.Lisa: Maybe. I am no expert. The important thing to me is that we get along so well, enjoy being together and love each other.Cindy: You’re right. I couldn’t ask for a better sister!Unit3Tina: This is Tina Lin from HTN news, and we are withRachel Wu today, a student of Feminist Studies. Rachel, would you say that there is true equality in our society between men and women?Rachel: That's a good question. On the whole, in most areas, I believe we can speak about real equality between men and women, and that is a very clear sign of social progress. However, the wage gap is still a significant problem women still earn a lot less money than men who have the same jobs.Tina: Can you give us a specific example of discriminatory wage practices based on sex?Rachel: Most certainly. Research shows that male health professionals, such as doctors and administrators, earntwice as much as female workers doing the same jobs full-time.Tina: Twice as much! That must be an extreme case.Rachel: Yes, on average, the pay gap is just under 10%. An example of such a gap would be hotel management. Male hotel managers generally earn 9.8% more than their female counterparts.Tina: Is there any reason to believe things will improve?Rachel: Yes, there is. In fact, the situation is getting better as we speak. 10 years ago, the pay gap was 16.2%. So in the last decade, there has been an improvement of over 6% 'this shows that our society is headed in the right direction.Tina: Rachel, thank you for speaking with us today.Rachel: You're very welcome.Mary: I am reading a compelling book right now. It's called Fire with Fire.Dan: Who's the author?Mary: Naomi Wolf.Dan: Never heard of her.Mary: She is a feminist writer. Female empowerment is one of the major themes of the book.Dan: Really? In what way?Mary: She wants all women to have a voice that is heard. Like most feminists, she believes in gender equality and equal opportunities for women.Dan: How about you: are you a feminist?Mary: I am in the sense that I support the idea of men and women having equal rights. I am also sensitive to how language sometimes discriminates against women.Dan: Language discriminates?Mary: Yes, you know, people often use terms like businessman, policeman or salesman'.Dan: What's wrong with that?Mary: It suggests that women can't do these jobs. Nondiscriminatory language would be terms like businessperson, police officer or sales representative'.Dan: Yes, I see. That language is much more gender neutral. Unit4Cindy: I just had a tiff with my father.Jane: Cindy, I'm sorry to hear that. What was it about?Cindy: He was asking me about my career plans and I toldhim that I want to be a housewife.Jane: A housewife? I'm somewhat surprised to hear you say that.I mean… why would you want to be a housewife?Cindy: Because I value family more than anything else. I guess I just want to spend my adult life making a warm and loving family home.Jane: So what was your father's reaction?Cindy: He got angry. He said he was wasting his money sending me to university if my intention is only to becomea housewife.Jane: Do you think he has a point?Cindy: No, not in the least! I mean, I am extremelygrateful that he is paying for my studies, but knowledge is priceless, it's the key to understanding the world around us. Besides, if I have children, I want to help educate them and get involved with their schooling. And who knows, maybe one day, I might decide that I want to work outside the home and I'll need a degree to show that I'm qualified.Jane: Well, if it's worth anything, I support you in your decision. My feeling is that people need to take on responsibilities that give meaning to their lives. Becoming a housewife will definitely give you this sense of purpose.Cindy: Thanks Jane. That means a lot to me. You're a good friend.Lisa: Did you realize that there is a meeting scheduled for 3:30 this afternoon?Tim: No, I didn't. Any reason given for the meeting?Lisa: Elsa wants to see what we can do to run a more successful department.Tim: That should be interesting. Our department is made up of seven men and eight women. My guess is that it will be hard for us to achieve a consensus because men and women define success very differently.Lisa: Isn't the idea of success more or less the same for everybody?Tim: Not according to an article I just read. It says that women see being successful at work as being a good team player and collaborator.Lisa: I would agree.Tim: Well, you are a woman!Lisa: Tell me about men then.Tim: Men, on the other hand, define being successful at work as being self-sufficient and achieving targets.Lisa: I would agree with that too an employee needs to be able to take initiative without always being told what todo. At the meeting, I think we need to aim to create a balance between men and women's views of success.Unit5Cindy: Julie’s asked me to go to her wedding — I am so excited!Jane: Julie is getting married — that’s great news! Please congratulate her on my behalf. What will you wear?Cindy: No idea: I can’t fit in to any of my fancy clothes.I need to lose weight immediately. Any suggestions?Jane: The recipe for weight loss is simple: exercise and a healthy diet.Cindy: But I can’t stand exercise! Whenever I go jogging I get bored after 5 minutes.Jane: Well, try to do fun things. There are many other ways to burn off fat. Get involved in team sports, like volleyball, or group exercise, like aerobics or even something like yoga.Cindy: I suppose I could try.Jane: I guess it depends on how much you want to fit into a nice dress!Cindy: Alright. I’ll do some exercise, but a diet, no way!I need my chocolate. Chocolate ice cream, chocolate cake, chocolate brownies ,it’s all so scrumptious! The idea of a diet depresses me.Jane: You don’t have to give up chocolate completely just don’t overdo it. When you get a craving, eat some fruit or have a salad. You’ll feel refreshed!Cindy: Easy for you to say. You’re not a chocoholic!Tim: Bob, you’re looking good. Have you been working out?Bob: Yeah, I’ve started this awesome exercise routine. I feel great!Tim: Well, you certainly look trim and fit. What’s the secret?Bob: Discipline and dedication. I make sure I stick to a routine.Tim: Can you walk me through it?Bob: Would love to. Every morning, before breakfast, I do some stretching to loosen up and make sure that I don’t pull any muscles during the day. Then I go for a 30-minute jog.Tim: I see what you mean by dedication. I can’t do anything before breakfast.Bob: Then, before lunch, I hit the gym and do some weight training and cardio work. It’s normally a 40-minute session.Tim: You must work up quite an appetite!Bob: I certainly do. Then, on my way home from work, I stop by the pool and go for a 1000-meter swim. Swimming is truly the best exercise: it works every muscle, including the heart, and is not hard on the joints.Tim: Well, your routine is impressive. In fact, if you keep it up, you could probably complete a triathlon.Bob: That’s my goal!Unit6Mary: What’s in that bag?Jack: A tent! I just bought it: I am going camping next month!Mary: Wow, how exciting! Where to?Jack: The Amazon. Mark and I are planning a 6-day hike through the rainforest. We’ll sleep in this tent every night, with the sounds of the jungle as background music.Mary: That has got to be the coolest camping trip ever. I’ve always wanted to explore the jungle! You'll see fascinating birds, reptiles and amphibians!Jack: I know. I’m actually afraid of snakes so hopefully we won’t come across too many of them! I am hoping we’ll see river dolphins from the shores of the Amazon.Mary: Oh yes! Pink Amazon river dolphins — those are incredible! Be sure to bring a camera.Jack: I will. I’ve actually bought a tripod so that I cantake good wildlife pictures.Mary: Great idea. Please do show me your shots when you get back.Jack: I will. I’ll make a slideshow and invite youover for a viewing and, hopefully, some great storytelling!Mary: I look forward to it!Jack: What exactly is ecotourism? It seems to be the latest travel buzzword.Eric: Indeed. Ecotravel, ecolodges, ecotourism all three terms are very popular in the travel industry nowadays. I myself am a big fan of ecotourism.Jack: So please tell me about it: I’m all ears!Eric: Well, let me begin with a question. On your view, what are some of the negative effects of tourism on travel destinations?Jack: Hmm. I guess there are two main drawbacks. The first thing is that tourism pollutes. I recently went to the seaside for the weekend, and couldn’t believe how much rubbish from travelers littered the beaches and sea... The second thing is that tourism sometimes disrupts the local cultures and practices.Eric: These two drawbacks a re are precisely what ecotourism wants to avoid. For example, TIES —The International Ecotourism Society promotes responsibletravel to tourist areas. TIES wants travel to be environmentally friendly and help improve the well-being of local people.Jack: How can these improvements be made? Eric: By providing financial benefits and empowerment for local people, and by raising awareness on environmental and cultural issues that are important to them.Jack: I think that’s commendable. From now on, I will be an ecotourist!Unit7Cindy: Dr. Wang, do you have a moment? I would like to ask you for some advice.Dr. Wang: Of course, Cindy, what can I do for you?Cindy: I wanted to ask you about idioms. I have an IELTStest next month and the public IELTS descriptors show thatI can get a higher score on the speaking test if I use idiomatic vocabulary.Dr. Wang: Well, using idioms isn’t always easy. But Icould give you one or two that might be helpful.Cindy: I’d appreciate that.Dr. Wang: Hmm, let’s see …If you’re asked to describe yourself, you could answer that you’re a person who doesn’t like to cause problems by saying you don’t like to rock the boat.Cindy: Sure, I can remember that. Thank you...Do you have some other suggestions?Dr. Wang: Well, let me think.If you find something to be easy to do,you can say: it’s a piece of cake.Cindy: Oh yeah, I’ve heard that before.I’ll try to use that idiom during my test.I could say: speaking English is a piece of cake! Ha, ha!Dr. Wang: Ha! Yes, that’s fine. Do make sure that you use these idioms in the appropriate context or they will not make sense.Cindy: I understand.I’ll practice lots during the nextfew weeks so that I get the hang of it!Simon: I am thinking of learning French.Sherly: Ah French, the language of romance and poetry...Simon: Yes, it is a beautiful language indeed.But I don’t want to become a French poet!I plan to learn French to increase my job prospects.Sherly: I don’t follow you.Simon: Well, I am very proud to say that I am bilingual. I speak Chinese and English. But in today’s world,to find a good job, it’s better to be trilingual.Sherly: Trilingual? You mean, speak three languages.Simon: Yes.Sherly: So why French then?Simon: It was a tough call I was thinking French or Spanish, but decided on French because I am interested in working in countries where it is spoken.Sherly: Like Canada, Switzerland and Belgium?Simon: Yes, and also places in Africa, like Senegal or Cameroon, or in Latin America, like Haiti.Sherly: I agree, those would be fascinating places to work in. Good luck!Unit8Jane: Hey Dan, thanks for freeing up time to help me.Dan: Don’t mention it Jane, it’s no problem at all... So what’s up?Jane: My sister wants to study in America next year but doesn’t know what admissions test to take: SAT or ACT. I thought maybe you could help because you started your university studies in Chicago.Dan: Yeah, of course I can help. Both tests are verydifferent and measure different skills so I think the best choice comes down to what your sister is good at. Basically, depending on her strengths and weaknesses, she may perform much better on one test than the other.Jane: Well, she is good at science and wants to study Biology, maybe even Medicine.Dan: Hmm, it sounds to me like she should take the ACT. Jane: Why is that?Dan: It’s more geared towards science students it includes a science-reasoning test whereas the SAT doesn’t.Jane: That’s good to know. Who is the SAT better for then?Dan: It’s better for people interested in subjects that require good problem solving and critical thinking skills.Jane: Ah, I see so it’s a test you’d be good at because you’re an expert at solving problems, especially mine!Jane: I am so nervous, Cindy! I have my IELTS test tomorrow.Cindy: Nervous, you? You have nothing to be worried about.Jane: You’re just saying that to lift my spirits.Cindy: Jane, I am serious: you’ll be fine.Jane: What makes you so sure?Cindy: Well, to begin with, your listening skills areterrific, and you have no problems with spelling and grammar. So your listening test should go very smoothly.Jane: I hope so!Cindy: I also predict strong writing and reading scores.After all, your vocabulary is good and you are a coherent, logical thinker.Jane: Why all the compliments?Cindy: I am just being honest. You need to believe in yourself.Jane: It’s hard. I just get so stressed before tests. The IELTS interview terrifies me.Cindy: Jane, you are a fluent speaker, who expressesopinions clearly and supports them with good evidence. Youwill ace the interview!Jane: I sure hope you’re right. If you are, let’scelebrate by eating out!Cindy: Sure, it’s a deal!。
全新版大学英语视听说教程4听力原文
Unit OneTrack4-1-OL-lA. Jay and Elise are talking about an accident. Listen and check the correct picture.Jay: Come in here Elise. You should see this showElise: What is itJay: Its called quotThe Titanic of the Sky.quot Its about the Hindenburg a great engineering feat.Elise: The Hindenburg ...Jay: You know that giant zeppelin that crashed in 1934. Thirty-five people died.Elise: Oh yeah I remember now. It was flying from Germany to the United States. It crashed as it was landing. Jay: Right. Its so funny looking dont you think It doesnt look anything like the airplanes as have today.Elise: Thats true. Why would people ride in a zeppelin anyway It seems so dangerous.Jay: Well some people called the Hindenburg quotmans greatest achievement in flight.quot They thought it was safe I guess.Elise: Who rode in it anywayJay: Mostly wealthy people. It accommodated between 30 and 40 passengers and crew. One person said it was like aquotflyinghotel.quotEise: It sounds pretty great.Jay: Yeah and it was fast. Thats why people rode it. They wanted to get to their destination faster.Elise: Why didnt they just take a jet planeJay: Elise You know they didnt have jets back then. Look in 1934 it took five days to travel from Germany to the U.S. by ship. The zeppelin could do it in half that time. It was speedy.Elise: Well maybe Ill sit down and watch a little bit. Maybe Ill learn something ... Track4-1-OL-2B. Listen again. How was the zeppelin described Check your answers.Track 4-1-OL-3A. Listen to the conversation and check the correct picture.Jack: I think we should buy a bigger car. Big cars are safer.Kayla: Yes but on the other hand they consume more oil.Jack: They also look really cool.Kayla: Thats true but there are some SUVs which are not big but also very beautiful.Jack: And 1 think big cars are more fun to drive.Kayla: But then again its very expensive.Jack: Well lets get more information about several kinds of cars okayTrack4-1-OL-4Listen to another person talking about famous buildings in his country and fill in the blanks with information youhear. My country has two very famous buildings called the Petronas Towers. The buildings are made of glass steel and concrete. They were designed by an American architect but he used a Malaysian style. They were finished in 1998 and they were the tallest buildings in the world at that time. Each tower has 88 floors and is 452 meters high.I really like the Petronas Towers. They show both the modern and the traditional side of my country. Track4-1-OL-5A. Listen to a talk on controversies about modern buildings. Then fill in the blanks to complete the sentences.Modern buildings: We love them We hate them The world-famous Louvre Museum in Paris is almost 500 years old and it faced a very modern problem:There simply wasnt enough space for six million visitors each year. In 1989 American architect I.M. Pei designeda striking glass pyramid in the buildings center to be a visitor entrance and shopping arcade. But he also started anangry debate. Some people felt his glass building was a piece of art like the ones inside the museum. Others said itwas just an ugly modern mistake. Kyoto Japan is the countrys ancient capital and the heart of its culture. Its railroad station was too small forthe millions of visitors. In 1997 the city completed a new station in a huge shopping center right in the oldest partof the city. Designed by Hiroshi Hara the building also contains a hotel and department store. Before it was builtcritics said that the high wide modern building would destroy the citys traditional look. On the other handsupporters said it would bring new life into the city center.Track 4-1-OL-6B. Now listen again and complete the chart with the information you hear.Track 4-1-OL-7B. Listen to the interview with Erika Van Beek an engineer. According to Erika what should be done aboutovercrowding in citiesThe future building boomInterviewer: What do you think isthe biggest problem facing our citiesErika: I think its overcrowding. Talk to anyone living in a major metropolitan area and they will say the same thing: Theres no space. Even the suburbs are getting crowded.Interviewer: Well in some places there simply isnt any land left for building rightErika: Yes thats true but you have to think creatively. You cant give up so easily.Interviewer: Think creatively What do you suggestErika: What Im saying is that we can build more structures underground. We can add parking lots mallshotels and even apartment buildings. Theres plenty of space.Interviewer: Isnt it expensiveErika: Yes it can be. In the past building underground has been very expensive. However we have newtechnology that will bring the cost down. It involves using robots. You dont have to pay robots a salaryInterviewer: Isnt quotbuilding downquot more dangerous than other kind of construction k:Eri a Actually I think its safer than building skyscrapers for example. Remember we already do it. We havesubways and underground shopping malls. Im just suggesting we invest in a variety of bigger projects and that we digdeeper.Interviewer: What would you say to people who doubt your idea ri a:Ek I can understand their feelings. Whenever theres a new idea it can cause controversy. But quotbuilding downquotis not some kind of impractical idea. It makes sense. There is so much space underground: It can accommodate a lot oftraffic storage and people. With the new technology we have wed be crazy not to consider the idea — its the wave ofthe futureTrack 4-1-OL-8C. Listen again. Check the statements you think Erika would agree. Unit 2Track 4-2-OL-1Pam: Well Lynn I must be going. It was great to see you –Lynn:By Pam.Pam: What‘s thatLynn: Oh … that‘s Ollie.Pam: Ollie: I didn‘t know you had a dogLynn: Well we don‘t … really.Pam: What do you meanLynn: Come here.Pam: Oh my goodness. It‘s a robotLynn: That‘s right. It‘s a dog robot. They call it a ―dogbot.‖Pam: How interesting … But it‘s a little strange don‘t you thinkLynn: Well I wanted to get an interactive toy for the kids. They love it. So I‘m happy.Pam: How much did it costLynn: Don‘t ask. It wasn‘t very affordable. It‘s cheaper than having a real dog though. We don‘t ever have to buy dog food And the batteries are rechargeable.Juliana: Hey Henrik. Look.Henrik: What is it JulianaJuliana: What‘s that guy doing over thereHenrik: Which guy Juliana: The one over there. Wearing a suit. H‘s punching so many buttons on his cell phone.Henrik: Oh him. He‘s probably playing a game.Juliana: ReallyHenrik: A lot of people have games on their cell phones. It‘s really popular here in Finland. They play them everywhere.Juliana: Do you play them tooHenrik: Yes I do.Juliana: I only use my phone to make telephone calls. I guess I‘m old-fashioned.Henrik: I heard that some people play games even at work. They can play quietly during business meetings. No one k nows about it.Juliana: I‘d like to try it.Henrik: Here use mineTrack 4-2-OL-3Penny: Hello. Your Computer World sales department.Ted: Hi Penny. It‘s Ted.Penny: Oh hi Ted. What‘s upTed: well my computer has crashed again.Penny: Oh noTed: Oh yes. That‘s why I‘m calling. You know it‘s five years old. And I need to speak to Scott about getting a new one.Penny: well you‘ve called at a good time. We have some attractive new models.Ted: Great I‘m looking for something affordable. And I want to get something portabl e this time.Penny: I‘m sure Scott can help you with that… Let‘s see he is in a meeting until 3:30. I‘ll ask him to call you.Ted: No that‘s OK. I‘ll call him after 3:30. Please give him the message. E-mail is my favourite way to communicate. I think it is as fast as a fax machine and it is as easy as a cell phone.Of course e-mail has some problems too. It isn‘t as affordable as ordinary mail because you need a computer andInternet service. And I don‘t think it is as reliable as a fax machine. Sometimes e-mail messagesget lost. But in myopinion e-mail is as convenient as a cell phone. I can send a message from my home or office and my friends canread it when they have time.Track 4-2-OL-5 In today‘s report we look at a new technology called pervasive computing. Pervasive computing means putting tiny computers into everyday electronic appliances such as toasters andmicrowaves. With pervasive computing appliances can communicate with their users – and with other appliances Some companies now sell pervasive computing products like a ―smart‖ toaster. It remembers your favouritekind of toast: light or dark. Companies are designing a ―smart‖ coffee maker and a ―smart‖ clock. The coffeemaker can measure the water and coffee. It can even put milk in your breakfast coffee and make black coffee in theafternoon. The clock will check the time on other clocks in your house and give information about otherappliances. For example it can tell you ―Your coffee maker needs more water.‖ And that‘s only the beginning. One company is now advertising ―Save time –phone your washing machine‖engineers are making a ―smart‖ house. In this house the lights heater and air conditioner change automaticallywhen family members come home. This makes the home comfortable and it saves a lot of energy. Pervasivecomputing could change many parts of our daily lives. But do people really want pervasive computing Do they really need technology everywhere One companyasked people about their opinions on ―smart‖ appliances. There were surprises.A ―smart‖ refrigerator can buymore food on the internet but people didn‘t want it because it might make mistakes. ―Pervasive computing is as important as a telephone‖ says Rebecca Blair president of InnoTech Corporation.But some of these products are not useful or even practical. Companies should learn more about the technologythat people really want.Track 4-2-OL-7Local girl rescued She may have a broken leg but she can‘t be happier. Morgan Bailey 11 is happy to be alive. Tuesday was like any other day for Morgan. She was at school. It was fourth period and she was the firststudent to arrive in the gymnasium for her physical education class. Suddenly there was a loud noise. ―There was a sharp cracking noise and then a loud boom. After that I don‘t remember anything‖ said Morgan. The roof of the gymnasium had collapsed under the heavy snow. Morgan was trapped underneath. She couldn‘tescape. ―I woke up and there was a big piece of wood on my leg. I couldn‘t move it. I was starting to get cold.‖ Fortunately help was nearby. A new program using ―rescue robots‖ was tried for the first time. ―We were nervous about using the robot‖ said Derrick Sneed the man in charge of the program.―But in the endthe robot gave us reliable information. It went extremely well.‖ The rescue robo t was able to go into the gym and locate Morgan‘s exact position. ―We send in robots first because it may not be safe for humans‖ said Mr. Sneed. ―Human beings are not asuseful as robots in some situations. A gas leak for example could kill you or me butw ouldn‘t hurt a robot.‖ Although it didn‘t happen in Morgan‘s case some rescue robots can bring fresh air or water to people who aretrapped.Rescue robots go into rough dangerous places. They work in life or death situations. They have to be durable.Doctors say that Morgan is doing well. She should be going home in two or three days. What is the first thing shewants to do after she gets out of the hospital ―I want to meet my hero‖ laughs Morgan. ―That little robot that saved my life‖Track 4-2-OL-9The first word processorMrs. Morgan: Good. So change the first part and make those corrections and your paper will be great.Tara: OK. Thanks for all your help Professor Morgan. I‘ll e-mail my paper to you later today.Mrs. Morgan: You know technology is amazing. In high school I used to write my term papers on a typewriter.Tara: It must have taken a longtime to write a paper on a typewriter.Mrs. Morgan: Well I was pretty fast but I made some mistakes. Actually the typewriters weren‘t that bad. Now as for the firstcomp uters … oh my goshTara: What do you meanMrs. Morgan: The first computers were so unreliable. They used to crash all the time. And they were not as affordable or as fast as they are now.Tara: Mine‘s pretty fast but not as fast as some of the newer more expensive ones.Mrs. Morgan: I know And nowadays almost everyone has a computer. In those days nobody had their own computer. We used to use the ones at theuniversity.Tara: In the computer labMrs. Morgan: Yeah that‘s all we had. I‘ll never forget one spring during final exams. Everybody was working on their term papers and the electricity went outTara: So No big deal … laptops have batteries …Mrs. Morgan: Yes but remember in those days we didn‘t have laptops. If your computer crashed you lost everything.Tara: EverythingMrs. Morgan: Everything. We used to lose information all the time but that time it was terrible. Everybody lost their papers that afternoon … including me.Tara: What did you doMrs. Morgan: I went back to the good old-fashioned way.Tara: You mean typewritersMrs. Morgan: Nope. I used something more affordable portable reliable disposable something that alwaysworked.Tara: What was thatMrs. Morgan: holds up pencil and paper The first word processor. Unit3Track4-3-OL-1/Track4-3-OL-2Joe: What are you reading MariaMaria: The Daily News.Joe: The News Ugh That‘s a terrible paper.Maria: Oh Joe it‘s not so bad.Joe: Not so bad Look at that headline on the front page It‘s so sensational.Maria: Well they‘ve got great comics. I can‘t live without my comics.Joe: I know. But the news coverage is so poor ... especially the international news. It‘s a joke really.Maria: I‘m not so interested in the international news. Besides they have so many other good features.Joe: Like whatMaria: Like… the daily horoscope for example. I love it.Joe: That‘s not a good reason to buy a newspaper … for the horoscopeMaria: Look the newspaper only costs 50 cents. What so you expectJoe: Good point.Maria: Besides the horoscope I also like the entertainment news. I like to read about the stars and their loveaffairs.Joe: Well you can keep The Daily News. I‘m going to stick with The Times.Track 4-3-OL-3 Amy: JohnI‘ve never notice this old photo of your family before.John: My mother just found it in the attic. She decided to hang it up.Amy: It‘s a nice picture of your family.John：I think it‘s embarrassing. And I look stupid.Amy: Well you could‗ve combed your hair … it‘s a nice shot though. Look at how young you are How old wereyou in the photoJohn:Eight … no wait I‘d just turned nine.Amy: I gue ss these two people are your parents.John: Yep. They were married when that picture was taken. Now they‘re divorced.Amy: Oh. What do they doJohn: My father‘s retired. Mom works in a hospital.Amy: What are their namesJohn：Well my father‘s name is Joseph. M y mother is Olivia---she was named after a popular actress.Amy: How great I have an aunt with the same name..。
全新版大学英语视听说教程4听力原文
Unit OneTrac k 4-1-OL-lA. Jay and Elise are talking about an accident. Listen and check the correct picture.Jay: Come in here, Elise. You should see this show!Elise: What is itJay: It's called "The Titanic of the Sky." It's about the Hindenburg, a great engineering feat. Elise: The Hindenburg ...Jay: You know, that giant zeppelin that crashed in 1934. Thirty-five people died.Elise: Oh yeah, I remember now. It was flying from Germany to the United States. It crashed as it was landing.Jay: Right. It's so funny looking, don't you think It doesn't look anything like the airplanes as have today.Elise: That's true. Why would people ride in a zeppelin anyway It seems so dangerous.Jay: Well, some people called the Hindenburg "man's greatest achievement in flight." They thought it was safe, I guess.Elise: Who rode in it anywayJay: Mostly wealthy people. It accommodated between 30 and 40 passengers and crew. One person said it was like a "flying hotel."Eise: It sounds pretty great.Jay: Yeah, and it was fast. That's why people rode it. They wanted to get to their destination faster.Elise: Why didn't they just take a jet planeJay: Elise! You know they didn't have jets back then. Look, in 1934 it took five days to travel from Germany to the U.S. by ship. The zeppelin could do it in half that time. It was speedy. Elise: Well, maybe I'll sit down and watch a little bit. Maybe I'll learn something ...Trac k 4-1-OL-2B. Listen again. How was the zeppelin described Check your answers.Track 4-1-OL-3A. Listen to the conversation and check the correct picture.Jack: I think we should buy a bigger car. Big cars are safer.Kayla: Yes, but on the other hand, they consume more oil.Jack: They also look really cool.Kayla: That's true, but there are some SUVs which are not big but also very beautiful.Jack: And 1 think big cars are more fun to drive.Kayla: But then again, it's very expensive.Jack: Well, let's get more information about several kinds of cars, okayT r a c k4-1-O L-4Listen to another person talking about famous buildings in his country and fill in the blanks with information you hear.My country has two very famous buildings called the Petronas Towers. The buildings are made of glass, steel, and concrete. They were designed by an American architect, but he used a Malaysian style. They were finished in 1998, and they were the tallest buildings in the world at that time. Each tower has 88 floors, and is 452 meters high. I really like the Petronas Towers. They show both the modern and the traditional side of my country.T r a c k4-1-O L-5A. Listen to a talk on controversies about modern buildings. Then fill in the blanks to complete the sentences.Modern buildings: We love them, We hate themThe world-famous Louvre Museum in Paris is almost 500 years old, and it faced a very modern problem: There simply wasn't enough space for six million visitors each year. In 1989, American architect . Pei designed a striking glass pyramid in the building's center to be a visitor entrance and shopping arcade. But he also started an angry debate. Some people felt his glass building was a piece of art, like the ones inside the museum. Others said it was just an ugly, modern mistake.Kyoto, Japan, is the country's ancient capital, and the heart of its culture. Its railroad station was too small for the millions of visitors. In 1997, the city completed a new station in a huge shopping center, right in the oldest part of the city. Designed by Hiroshi Hara, the building also contains a hotel and department store. Before it was built, critics said that the high, wide, modern building would destroy the city's traditional look. On the other hand, supporters said it would bring new life into the city center.Track 4-1-OL-6B. Now listen again and complete the chart with the information you hear.Track 4-1-OL-7B. Listen to the interview with Erika Van Beek, an engineer. According to Erika, what should be done about overcrowding in citiesThe future building boomInterviewer: What do you think is the biggest problem facing our citiesErika: I think it's overcrowding. Talk to anyone living in a major metropolitan area and they will say the same thing: There's no space. Even the suburbs are getting crowded. Interviewer: Well, in some places there simply isn't any land left for building, right Erika: Yes, that's true, but you have to think creatively. You can't give up so easily.Interviewer: Think creatively What do you suggest？E r i k a: What I'm saying is that we can build more structures underground. We can add parking lots, malls, hotels, and even apartment buildings. There's plenty of space. Interviewer: Isn't it expensive？E r i k a: Yes, it can be. In the past building underground has been very expensive. However, we have new technology that will bring the cost down. It involves using robots. You don't have to pay robots a salary!Interviewer: Isn't "building down" more dangerous than other kind of construction？E r i k a: Actually, I think it's safer than building skyscrapers, for example. Remember, we already do it. We have subways and underground shopping malls. I'm just suggesting we invest in a variety of bigger projects and that we dig deeper.Interviewer: What would you say to people who doubt your idea？E r i k a: I can understand their feelings. Whenever there's a new idea, it can cause controversy. But "building down" is not some kind of impractical idea. It makes sense. There is so much space underground: It can accommodate a lot of traffic, storage, and people. With the new technology we have, we'd be crazy not to consider the idea — it's the wave of the future!Track 4-1-OL-8C. Listen again. Check the statements you think Erika would agree.Unit 2Track 4-2-OL-1Pam: Well, Lynn, I must be going. It was great to see you –Lynn: By, Pam.Pam: What’s thatLynn: Oh … that’s Ollie.Pam: Ollie: I didn’t know you had a dog!Lynn: Well, we don’t … really.Pam: What do you meanLynn: Come here.Pam: Oh my goodness. It’s a rob ot!Lynn: That’s right. It’s a dog robot. They call it a “dogbot.”Pam: How interesting! … But it’s a little strange, don’t you thinkLynn: Well, I wanted to get an interactive toy for the kids. They love it. So I’m happy. Pam: How much did it costLynn: Don’t ask. It wasn’t very affordable. It’s cheaper than having a real dog, though.We don’t ever have to buy dog food! And the batteries are rechargeable.Juliana: Hey, Henrik. Look.Henrik: What is it, JulianaJuliana: What’s that guy doing over th ereHenrik: Which guyJuliana: The one over there. Wearing a suit. H’s punching so many buttons on his cell phone. Henrik: Oh, him. He’s probably playing a game.Juliana: ReallyHenrik: A lot of people have games on their cell phones. It’s really popu lar here in Finland.They play them everywhere.Juliana: Do you play them, tooHenrik: Yes, I do.Juliana: I only use my phone to make telephone calls. I guess I’m old-fashioned.Henrik: I heard that some people play games even at work. They can play quietly during business meetings. No one knows about it.Juliana: I’d like to try it.Henrik: Here, use mine!Track 4-2-OL-3Penny: Hello. Your Computer World sales department.Ted: Hi, Penny. It’s Ted.Penny: Oh, hi, Ted. What’s upTed: well, my computer has crashed again.Penny: Oh no!Ted: Oh, yes. That’s why I’m calling. You know, it’s five years old. And I need to speak to Scott about getting a new one.Penny: well, you’ve called at a good time. We have some attractive new models.Ted: Great! I’m looking for something affordable. And I want to get something portable this time.Penny: I’m sure Scott can help you with that… Let’s see, he is in a meeting until 3:30. I’ll ask him to call you.Ted: No, that’s OK. I’ll call him after 3:30. Please g ive him the message.E-mail is my favourite way to communicate. I think it is as fast as a fax machine, and it is as easy as a cell phone. Of course, e-mail has some problems, too. It isn’t as affordable as ordinary mail, because you need a computer and Internet service. And I don’t think it is as reliable as a fax machine. Sometimes e-mail messages get lost. But in my opinion, e-mail is asconvenient as a cell phone. I can send a message from my home or office, and my friends can read it when they have time.Track 4-2-OL-5In today’s report, we look at a new technology called pervasive computing.Pervasive computing means putting tiny computers into everyday electronic appliances, such as toasters and microwaves. With pervasive computing, appliances can communicate with their users – and with other appliances!Some companies now sell pervasive computing products like a “smart” toaster. It remembers your favourite kind of toast: light or dark. Companies are designing a “smart” coffee maker and a “smart” clock. The coffee maker can measure the water and coffee. It can even put milk in your breakfast coffee and make black coffee in the afternoon. The clock will check the time on other clocks in your house, and give information about other appliances. For example, it can tell you, “Your coffee maker needs more water.”And that’s only the beginning. One company is now advertising “Save time –phone your washing machine!” engineers are making a “smart” house. In this house, the lights, heater, and air conditioner change automatically when family members come home. This makes the home comfortable, and it saves a lot of energy. Pervasive computing could change many parts of our daily lives. But do people really want pervasive computing Do they really need technology everywhere One company asked people about their opinions on “smart” appliances. There were surprises. A “smart” refrigerator can buy more food on the internet, but people didn’t want it, because it might make mistakes.“Pervasive computing is as important as a telephone,” says Rebecca Blair, president of InnoTech Corporation. But some of these products are not useful, or even practical. Companies should learn more about the technology that people really want.Track 4-2-OL-7Local girl rescuedShe may have a broken leg, but she can’t be happier. Morgan Bailey, 11, is happy to be alive. Tuesday was like any other day for Morgan. She was at school. It was fourth period, and she was the first student to arrive in the gymnasium for her physical education class.Suddenly there was a loud noise.“There was a sharp cracking noise and then a loud boom. After that, I don’t remember anything,” said Morgan.The roof of the gymnasium had collapsed under the heavy snow. Morgan was trapped underneath. She couldn’t escape.“I woke up and there was a big piece of wood on my leg. I couldn’t move it. I was starting to get cold.”Fortunately, help was nearby. A new program using “rescue robots” was tried for the first time.“We were nervous about using the robot,” said Derrick Sneed, the man in charge of the program. “But in the end, the robot gave us reliable information. It went extremely well.”The rescue robot was able to go into the gym and locate Morgan’s exact position.“We send in robots first because it may not be safe for humans,” said Mr. Sneed. “Human beings are not as useful as robots in some situations. A gas leak, for example, could kill you or me but wouldn’t hurt a robot.”Although it didn’t happen in Morgan’s case, some rescue r obots can bring fresh air or water to people who are trapped.Rescue robots go into rough, dangerous places. They work in life or death situations. They have to be durable.Doctors say that Morgan is doing well. She should be going home in two or three days. What is the first thing she wants to do after she gets out of the hospital“I want to meet my hero,” laughs Morgan. “That little robot that saved my life!”Track 4-2-OL-9The first word processorMrs. Morgan: Good. So change the first part and make those corrections and your paper will be great.Tara: OK. Thanks for all your help, Professor Morgan. I’ll e-mail my paper to you later today.Mrs. Morgan: You know, technology is amazing. In high school I used to write my term papers ona typewriter.Tara: It must have taken a long time to write a paper on a typewriter.Mrs. Morgan: Well, I was pretty fast, but I made some mistakes. Actually, the typewriters weren’t that bad. Now, as for the first computers … oh my gosh!Tara: What do you meanMrs. Morgan: The first computers were so unreliable. They used to crash all the time. And they were not as affordable or as fast as they are now.Tara: Mine’s pretty fast, but not as fast as some of the newer, more expensive ones. Mrs. Morgan: I know! And nowadays, almost everyone has a computer. In those days, nobody had their own computer. We used to use the ones at the university.Tara: In the computer labMrs. Morgan: Yeah, that’s all we had. I’ll never forget, one spring, during final exams.Everybody was working on their term papers, and the electricity went out! Tara: So No big deal … laptops have batteries …Mrs. Morgan: Yes, but remember, in those days we didn’t have laptops. If your computer crashed, you lost everything.Tara: EverythingMrs. Morgan: Everything. We used to lose information all the time, but that time it was terrible.Everybody lost their papers that afternoon … including me.Tara: What did you doMrs. Morgan: I went back to the good, old-fashioned way.Tara: You mean typewritersMrs. Morgan: Nope. I used something more affordable, portable, reliable, disposable, something that always worked.Tara: What was thatMrs. Morgan: (holds up pencil and paper) The first word processor.Unit 3Track4-3-OL-1/Track4-3-OL-2Joe: What are you reading, MariaMaria: The Daily News.Joe: The News Ugh! That’s a terrible paper.Maria: Oh, Joe, it’s not so bad.Joe: Not so bad Look at that headline on the front page! It’s so sensational.Maria: Well, they’ve got great comics. I can’t live without my comics.Joe: I know. But the news coverage is so poor, ... especially the international news. It’s a joke, really.Maria: I’m not so interested in the international news. Besides, they have so many other good features.Joe: Like whatMaria: Like… the daily horoscope, for example. I love it.Joe: That’s not a good reason to buy a newspaper … for the horoscope!Maria: Look, the newspaper only costs 50 cents. What so you expectJoe: Good point.Maria: Besides the horoscope, I also like the entertainment news. I like to read about the stars and their love affairs.Joe: Well, you can keep The Daily News. I’m going to stick with The Times.Track 4-3-OL-3Amy: John, I’ve never notice this old photo of your family before.John: My mother just found it in the attic. She decided to hang it up.Amy: It’s a nice picture of your family.John：I think it’s embarrassing. And I look stupid.Amy: Well, you could‘ve combed your hair … it’s a nice shot, though. Look at how young you are! How old were you in the photoJohn: Eight … no wait, I’d just turned nine.Amy: I guess these two people are your parents.John: Yep. They were married when that picture was taken. Now they’re divorced.Amy: Oh. What do they doJohn: My father’s retired. Mom works in a hos pital.Amy: What are their namesJohn：Well, my father’s name is Joseph. My mother is Olivia---she was named after a popular actress.Amy: How great! I have an aunt with the same name. I love the name Olivia … Who’s that guy John: Which oneAmy: The guy standing behind you. Is that your brother, TomJohn: No, that's my Uncle Randy. He’s only two years older than my brother.Amy: He’s cute. I love a guy with a moustache.John: Um, sorry, but he’s married now. His wife just had a baby.Amy: I was just making a comment … So the other young guy must be your brother.John: Yes. That’s Tom.Amy: How old is he in the pictureJohn: Let’s see … he’s nine years older than me … so he would‘ve been 18 then.Amy: And there’s your little sister, Tina. She’s so cute!John: Yeah. She’s two years younger than me. It’s hard to believe she’s in high school now! Track 4-3-OL -51. A bank robbery in Virginia, USA, was stopped when the robber and the bank teller couldn’treach an agreement. The robber pushed a holdup note under the window, but the teller looked at it, said,” I can’t read this,” and gave it back. The robber pushed the note througha second time. The teller crumpled the note up and threw it at the robber. He picked itup and walked out of the bank.2. A professional ice h ockey player will miss the rest of this season’s games because heinjured himself. National Hockey League goalie Jean-Louis Blanchard went on the injuredlist after he fell and seriously hurt his back. He was walking out of a restaurant in Ottawa, Canada, when he slipped on some ice.3.The first international camel beauty contest was held last week in Alxa, in western China.More than 100 dressed-up camels entered the contest. The judges examined them for shiny hair, tall humps, and beautiful costumes. Unlike human beauty contests, though, there were no interviews with the contestants.4.Police in Sheffield, England, arrested a 41-year-old man for stealing five cars. GrahamOwens went to car dealers and said he wanted to buy a car, and borrowed a car to test-drive.Each time, he drove the car around, then cleaned it inside and washed it outside---before leaving it at the side of the road, and walking home.Track 4-3-OL-71.Nutty newsLulu is a kangaroo. For 10 years she has lived with the Richards family. Lulu was adopted by the family after they found her next to her dead mother.Mr. Ken Richards is a farmer. He was working on his farm when a heavy tree branch suddenly fell on top of him.Lulu stood next to Mr. Richards’ body. She started barking and didn’t leave M r.Richards’ side.I’ve never heard Lulu bark like that---she sounded like a dog. She barked and barked and she didn’t stop, “said Celeste, Mr. Richards’ daughter.After 15 minutes, the Richards family went to investigate. They found Ken on the ground and he was unconscious.“Lulu is a hero, “said Celeste. “She saved my father.”Mr. Middleton, an expert veterinarian, said that Lulu’s story is rare. “I have never seen a kangaroo act like that. Maybe lulu helped Ken Richards because the Richards family is t he only family she has ever known.”Lulu has always followed Ken around the farm. She’s a loyal, friendly, and veryintelligent kangaroo. After Ken leaves the hospital, he is planning to go everywhere with Lulu.2.Nutty newsApproximately 175,000 people live in the Republic of Vanuatu, an island chain east of Australia. It is a popular tourist destination because there’s a lot to do there: you can visit waterfalls, go horseback riding, take an aerial tour, or visit a traditional Ni-Vanuatu village. Vanuatu is most famous for its scuba diving and snorkeling.In an effort to draw attention to these popular water sports, Vanuatu has created a world’s “first”: the government has opened an underwater post office. You have to bea certified scuba driver to work there. The office is three meters below the surface inan area on the outskirts of Port Vila, the capital city. So far, the post office has hired four workers. They will work in a room surrounded by the beauty of Vanuatu’s underwater world. Customers will buy waterproof postcards on land and then drive down to the post office to receive a special waterproof stamp.3-OL-51. cool2. sold out3. realizes4. music reviewer5. apartment building6. get them concert tickets7. goes over8. invites him to go with her9. a date with 10. mind Takeshi going without himUnit 4Track4-4-OL-1A. Listen to Camille’s job interview. Then circle the answer to the question.Man: So, I see here that you went to college.Camille: Yes, sir. For two years. I didn’t graduate.Man: Do you speak any languages besides EnglishCamille: Yes, I speak conversational French.Man: Any other languagesCamille: No, that’s it.Man: Well, that’s great. As you know, we fly to Paris twice a week. We always need people w ho can speak French.Man: Let’s see… have you worked for an airline beforeCamille: No. I have no job experience.Man: So, this would be your first job.Camille: Yes.Man; Well, I only have two more questions. Are you healthy and physically fit Can you lift heavy objectsCamille: Yes, I think so.Man: Well, the emergency window exit on the plane weighs about 50 pounds. And the meal cart is very heavy, too. You need to move those objects sometimes.Camille: I think I can do that.Man: Wonderful. Let me tell you about the next step. We have a six-week training program that takes place in the summer. You have to…Track 4-4-OL-2B. Listen again. Check Yes or No for each statement about Camille.Track 4-4-OL-3A.Listen to Olivia talking about her future plan and fill in the blanks with information fromthe talk.I plan to become a teacher after I finish my studies. I decided to study at this universitybecause the teaching program is very good. We have a lot of practice working with children.I love to work with young kids. I expect to graduate from the university next June, and Ihope to find a job in a kindergarten. I’ll try to start working in September.Track 4-4-OL-4B.Listen to the job interview. Check the right item in the table based on the information fromthe interview.Mr. Grant: Hello, Ms. Hale. I’m Mr. Grant, the advertising manager for the company. Do you have a resume or curriculum vitae to give to meMs. Hale: Yes, Mr. Grant. Here it is.Mr. Grant: Thank you. Now, let me tell you a little bit about the job. We need someone to design brochures on the computer. Do you have up-to-date computer skillsMs. Hale: Yes, I do. In my present position I use computer graphics all the time. I have experience with animation as well.Mr. Grant: Oh, that’s ver y good. We hope to launch a new group of animated ads next spring. Can you work with others in a pleasant manner, Ms. HaleMs. Hale: My co-workers seem to think so. I can also work independently by myself.Mr. Grant: That’s necessary, too. What about flexi bility in working long hours on a project Ms. Hale: I have a lot of energy and I’m willing to get the job done. The work I did last year won two awards at a national conference.Mr. Grant: Excellent. That’s very impressive. By the way, did I mention that w e need someone to start next weekMs. Hale: No, you didn’t, but it might be possible.Mr. Grant: Good. Thank you for coming today. We’ll be in touch soon.Track4-4-OL-5A.Listen to the passage about an unusual job. Fill in the blank with information from the passage.You’ve never met Melissa Hayes, and you don’t know her name, but you know her voice.Mellissa record information messages for the telephone company. When you hear the number you called has been changed…--that’s Mellissa!“Yes, it’s true,”she say. “I’m the voice talent for Nation Telephone.” At least 50000 people hear her voice every day. “I try to sound warm and friendly, even when I’m saying, I’m sorry, that number is incorrect. Please try again.”Melissa works only three days a week, but she has to practice a lot. “My voice has to sound the same at the end of eight hours.” She’s very careful about her voice. “I don’t drink lots of water with honey. I can’t g to horror movies because I always scream, and I might hurt my voice!”How did she get her job “A friend told me about it. I listened to all the telephone company messages on my phone, and then I recorded a cassette of those messages. After I sent it to the company, I called them every day for a month!”She’s done this work for three years now, and she loves it. “It’s fun! And I’m helping people by using my voice.” Plus, people are always surprised when they hear about Melissa’s job. They say, “You’re a real person I thought it was a computer!”Track 4-4-OL-6B.Listen again. Check your answers.Track 4-4-OL-7A.Listen to the interviews about Ken’s and Steven’s jobs. Then check Ken or Steven foreach item in the box below. Interview 1Interviewer: What is your job, KenKen：I’m a . or “video jockey.”Interviewer: How would you describe your jobKen: I’m on TV. I introduce music videos and talk about them. I also interview singers who appear in videos.Interviewer: What is the best part of your jobKen: I get to meet a lot of famous people. That’s very exciting. Also, I love music, so it’s a lot of fun.Interviewer: What is the worst part of your jobKen: I get to meet a lot of famous people. Some of them are not very nice. They think they are better than me. They can be very demanding.Interviewer: What was your most memorable momentKen: Last year, I presented an award on TV at a video music award show. I couldn’t believe it. They flew me out to Los Angeles and I stayed in Beverly Hill. I was on the TV show for a whole 45 seconds! I got to meet a lot of stars.Interviewer: I want to be a . How I get the jobKen: Well, first you have to make a videotape about yourself. You need to talk about certain things on the video. In my case, there was a list of question, like “What did you do last weekend” and “What’s in your CD player right now” After you talk about yourself, you send the videotape in to the TV station. They call you if they like the tape.Interview 2Interviewer: What is your job, StevenSteven: I’m a car courier.Interviewer: How would you describe your jobSteven: Sometimes a person or a company needs a car moved from one place to another. They may not have time to do it themselves. They hire me to drive the car.Interviewer: What is the best part of your jobSteven: I like to drive, so it’s fun fo r me. Last summer, I drove all the way from New York to California. The weather was great. I had the radio on and enjoyed my trip very much. Interviewer: What is the worst part of your jobSteven: I have to be very punctual. If I say I’ll arrive on Mon day at 6:00, I have to be there by Monday at 6:00. I have to be dependable. It’s stressful at times.Interviewer: What was your most memorable momentSteven: I drove across the desert as the sun was setting. It was incredible! Interviewer: I want to be a car courier. How do I get the jobSteven: That’s a good question. My mother started this business, so she hired me. You’d have to call my mother to find out!Track 4-4-OL-8B.Listen again and the complete the summaries of Ken’s and Steven’s job belo w. Use thewords in the box.Unit 5Track 4-5-OL-1B. Now listen to a quiz show and check your answers in A.Host:Welcome back to “You Snooze, You Lose!” the best game show on television! This is our final round. Let me remind you of the rules. We will show an object for a coupleof seconds. It’s your job to guess what it is. Michael Linda Are you ready to play M & L:Yes!Host:Ok, then, let’s play “You Snooze, You Lose!” Show us item number one.Host:Yes, MichaelMichael:I know what they are. The y’re called “cams” and they’re used in mountain climbing. Host:That’s right for one point! They’re used to hold climbing ropes. All right then, here’s our second object. Yes, LindaLinda:Is it some kind of toolHost:Can you be more specificLinda:I don’t know… a tool used to fix some kind of machine。
大学英语听说教程4_Unit 4 原文+答案(智慧版)
A recent US study found that being close to nature might soothe the mind by reducing negative thoughts in the mind.
“Here's your prescription, walk in the forest five times a week for an hour.”
According to experts, it is expected that doctors will be giving
Scripts health advice like this in the not too distant future.
“‘Here's your prescription, walk in the forest five times a week for an hour.’ According to experts, it is expected that doctors will be giving health advice like this in the not too distant future.”
NEWS REPORT 1
Answers：
What health advice may doctors give in the future? 1 A. Walk in a forest.
大学体验英语听说教程听力原文【第四册Unit1】Identity
Scripts for Unit OneListe ning Task 1The n eighborhood childre n my age played together: either active, physical games outdoors or games of dolls-a nd-house in doors. I, on the other hand, spe nt much of my childhood alone. I ' d curl up in a chair reading fairytales and myths, daydreaming, writ ing poems or stories and draw ing pictures. Sometimes around the fourth grade, my “big ” (often critical, judgmental) Grandma, who ' d been visiting us said tome, “ What' s wrong with you Why don ' t the other children want to play with you ”I remember being startled and con fused by her questi on. I ' d n ever bee n particularly interested in playing with the other children. It hadn ' t, till then, occurred tome that that was either odd or someth ing with me. Nor had it occurrred to me that they didn ' t “want to play with ” me. Myfirst conscious memoryof feeling different was in the fourth grade. At the wardrobe, listening to classmates joking, chatteringand laughing with each other, I realized I hadn ' t a clue about what was so funnyor of how to participate in their easy chatter. They seemed to live in a uni verse about which I knew nothing at all. I tried to act like others but it was so difficult.I felt con fused and disorie nted. I turned back to my inner world: readi ng books,writ ing and daydream ing. My in ward ness grew me in ways that continued to move me further away from the world of my age peers. The easy flow of casual social chat has rema ined forever bey ond my reach and bey ond my in terest, too.Liste ning Task 2The greatest difficulty for meis that as a pers on of mixed origi n I amat home neither here nor there. Wherever I am, I am regarded as being foreign, either “white ” or “blac k” . It happens to me when I live in my mother ' s country of origin, in Switzerland, and it happened to mewhen I was living in my father ' s country, Ivory Coast. I would feel at home where I could feel that people accept me just the wayI am! When you are a small child you first do not feel that you are different fromIIthe others. But soon the others will make you feel different - and children toocan be very cruel in their behavior against the “ strange child ” . Sometimesin credible in cide nts happe n. Sometime ago I was ridi ng my bike somewhere in a little place in Switzarland nearby to where I live. A car drove by, and the male driver opened the window and yelled at me: “ Scheiss - Neger - dirty nigger! ” I almost froze. I felt helpless and unable to defend myself. WhenI looked at the number plate, I saw that it was a German number plate. This means that the insulting person himself was a foreig ner in this coun try! How could he dare in sult me like this I felt thatI wan ted to kill this man. WhenI recovered I was able to th ink about it more clearly. These racist people are just stupid and do not know anything about life.Scripts for Unit TwoListe ning Task 1Everybody cheats. Whether it ' s the taxi driver who tricks a visitor and takes hime the long way round, or the shop assistant who doesn ' t give the correct change, orthe police officer who accepts a bribe - everybody ' s at it. Cheats in the newsin clude the scie ntist whose research was based on fake data, the gameshow con testa nt who collaborated with a friend in the audienee to win a million pounds, and the doctor who forged his qualifications and wasn' t really a doctor at all. Everybody cheats;no body' s play ing the game.Is cheati ng acceptable, a n atural way of survivi ng and being successful Or is itsomething that should be frowned on, and young people discouraged from doing If it ' s the latter, how can we explain to children why so many bend the rulesTake sport for example. The pinn acle of football, the World Cup, was rife withcheating. Whether pretending to be hurt or denying a handball, footballers will do anything for a free-kick or a pen alty shot. French player Henry denied cheati ng towin the free-kick which led to his side ' s second goal in their 3-1 victory overSpain. Whatever the n ati on ality there ' s one com mon strategy: the player rolls over22holdi ng his leg, an kle or head seem ing to be in great pain. As a result a yellowcard or free-kick is given for the foul and then, a few seconds later, the playeris up and about as if nothing had happe ned!Of course it ' s not just the footballers .In 1998 the Tour of France, the world ' s greatest cycli ng eve nt, was hit by a drug-tak ing sca ndal. Forty bottles of drugs found with a team triggered a massive investigation that almost caused the cyclingtour to be aba ndon ed. One rider was banned for nine mon ths.Liste ning Task 2A climate of mistrust surro unds every one.In the field of bus in ess, Enron, America ' s seve nth largest compa ny, could serveas an unfortun ate example. Its collapse in 2001 caused thousa nds of people to losetheir jobs and life savings. The company had fooled investors into believing it was healthier tha n it really was. One boss now faces the rest of life in pris on.Meanwhile companies around the world are losing billions of dollars to thecoun terfeit trade. From cut-price CDs and DVDs to sportswear and cosmetics, cheap fake products are everywhere. It has become socially acceptable to buy fake Gucci bags and illegal copies of films. If pare nts are doing this, their childre n will follow.So perhaps it ' s not surprising that around the world more pupils than ever are caught cheating during exams. In one case keys to exam papers were put up for sale on the Internet. In another, widespread cheating took place by pupils using their mobile phones to receive texted an swers .In a third case, pupils admitted to can didate substitution. They blame the pressure put on them to do well in exams. It doesn ' t help that their role models are also cheats. Surely we can ' t complain when we ' resett ing such a bad example.Un it 3 Lifestyle Liste ning task 1 33When she has young childre n, a stay-at-home momhas two jobs. Her house and her kids.A stay-at-home momis expected to do all the house cleaning. She is expected to always be the one to get up in the middle of the night, do the school things - room-mother, baker, coord in ator, chauffeur and carpooler, etc. ofte n, a stay-at-home mom is expected to take over “daddy-type ” chores such as lawn-mowing and taking cars for repair. Imagine sitting in a repair shop with two squirmy toddlers! The worst thingis that the stay-at-home mom is made to feel guilty for saying “ no” . The reason the stay-at-home momdoes not get her nails done or have a spa day is she feels guilty for spe nding family money on herself.Gosh, you all have such hectic lives. I ' m dizzy just hearing your daily activities.I guess I have it nice. I have no schedule at all! I get up whn I wan t. I work mybus in ess whe n I want. I shop whe n I want to. I wash my hair when I bathe or I don' t wash my hair. When I go to work all I have to do is open up my office door in my house and I ' m at work already. No traffic to deal with and there can be 10 feet of snow on the ground and I wouldn ' t have to walk an inch of it because my houseconnects directly to mywarehouse! If I get up and don' t feel like working I don' t.Liste ning task 2I took my first drink and smoked my first marijua na cigarette whe n I was 12 yearsold. In high school, I used all kinds of drugs. After high school until I was 21,I did a lot of binge drinking. Whenl was 31, I started using crack cocaine. That' s whe n the real problems bega n.I was addicted to alcohol and cocaine, and my life was a wreck. I tried to quit anu mber of times. I moved to Mexico and gave up coca in e. I still dra nk and smoked marijua na, but for the time I lived there, I was off coca in e. I thought that that time off cocaine would completely cure me of any desire for it, but when I got back in town two years later, I started using it again onlyfive days later. Every partof my life was messed up. I remember my oldest son being embarrassed to be seen with me. He would pass me on the street with his friends but he wouldn ' t even speak to me. The bottom came for me whe n I was fin ally evicted from my apartme nt. I lost my car, myhome and my sons. I looked in the mirror that day, and I couldn ' t look myself in the eyes. The n ext mornin g, I showed up at the treatme nt cen ter. The first few days of detox and treatme nt were hard, but I was convinced that I n eeded help, soI stayed. I ' ve been clean now for five years, and I have a new life.Un it Four FamilyListe ning Task OneThe traditional American family is a “ nuclear family ” . A nuclear family refersto a husband and wife and their children. The average American family today has two or three childre n. In some cultures, people live close to their exte nded family.Several generations may even live together. In America, only in a few cases does more tha n one household live un der one roof.America n values are valued in the home. Many homes are run like a democracy. Each family member can have a say. A sense of equality ofte n exists in Amerca n homes.Husbands and wives often share household chores. Often parents give children freedom to make their own decisions. Preschoolers choose what clothes to wear or which toys to buy. Young adults gen erally make their own choices about what career to pursue and whom to marry.Families in America, like those in every culture, face many problems. Social pressures are breaking apart more and more American homes. Over half of US marriages now end in divorce. More than one in four American children are growing up in single-parent homes. As a result, many people believe the American family is in trouble.Even so, there is stll reas on for hope. Many orga ni zati ons are work ing hard tostre ngthe n families. America ns almost unanim ously believe that the family is one55of the most important parts of life. They realize that problems in family life inrecent years have brought serious con seque nces. As a result, more and more peopleare making their family a priority. Many womenare quitting their jobs to stay homewith their children. Families are going on vacations and outings together. Husbands and wives are making a concen trated effort to keep their marriages solid.The United Naitions has declared 1994 the "International Year of Family ” . Not just in America, but all over the world, people recognize the importanee of a strong family bon d.Liste ning Task TwoWomen are beginning to rise steadily to the top in the workplace all over thedeveloped world, but in the USthey are forging ahead. Newfigures show that in almost a third of American households with a working wife, the womanbrings home more money than her husba nd. They are gaining more college degrees and Masters of Busin essAdm ini strati on qualificati ons tha n men and now occupy half the country ' shigh-pay ing, executive admi nistrative and man agerial occupati ons, compared with 34 per cent 20 years ago.The trend is caused by two main factors, experts say - a growing acceptanee of men as househusbands and mass redundancy of male white-collar workers from the tech no logy, finance and media in dustries in the last three years.The University of Maryland has produced a report that shows womento be the family ' sbread-ear ner-in-chief in 11 per cent of all US marriages. And where bothe spouses work, she now brings in 60 per cent or more of the family in come in per cent of the households.An econo mist at the Uni versity of Wisc onsin said that ambitious wome n arein creas in gly look ing for househusba nds and leave men at the kitche n sink.Un it Five Health and DietListe ning Task 166I had just turned 40, and has spent most of myadult life working as a public relations consultant with little time to cook, let alone learn how to cook. But a few years ago I made a resolutionbig family - six kids - and thought whata terrific family project to document our family recipes! Both my mother and father are excelle nt home cooks; mom raises us all, and dad loves to eat well and enjoys the experimentation of trying out new recipes. I ' m spending a lot of time with my parents lately; we cook a meal and then over dinner discuss the finer points of the proper way to prepare the dishes, and whether or not a new recipe was worth the effort. Many of the recipes are family recipes, and many of them are those that we pick from cookbooks, magazines, and newspaper clippings we ' ve collected over 30 years. But sometimes it ' s hard when you only have a clipping.The recipes shown here use mostly whole food in gredie nts and only occasi on ally a few things from cans or prepared foods. Webelieve in a varied, healthy diet, using real butter, real cream, eggs, and proteinfrom meat, fish, and cheese.About me, my n ame is Alice Bauer and I am a part ner in a con sult ing firm in the SanFran cisco Bay Area. I maintain several weblogs in additi on to Simply Recipes as part of .Thanks so much for visit ing Simply Recipes!Liste ning Task 2One of my most favorite breakfast is a poached egg on toast, with a side of papaya and lime, including some prosciutto with the papaya. Papaya is filled with enzymesthat help digestion, and is even used to tenderize meat. The ingredients you need include: 1 firm but ripe papaya, 2 ounces of thinly sliced prosciutto, and 1/2 lime,cut and sliced into a few wedges. Now let ' s go!First, using a vegetable peeler, peel away the outer skin of the papaya. Then cut the papaya in half. Using a metal spo on, scoop out and discard the seeds. By the77way, the seeds are edible. They taste peppery, like nasturtium flowers, and can be used in salads. Next, slice the papaya halves into wedges lengthwise. Arrange them on a plate. Nowwhat you need to do is to roll up thin sheets of prosciutto and place them betwee n the papayawedges. Remember the last thing, squeeze fresh limejuice over the papaya and prosciutto.If you would like to serve the papaya as an appetizer, cut the papaya into 1-inch pieces, sprinkle on some lime juice, wrap each piece with some prosciutto, and secure with a tooth pick. It serves 2-4. Un it Six TravelListe ning Task 1I was spe nding my summer in a remote village in Ghan a. I got afflicted with “ the runny stomach ” , as the family I lived with called it. After 5 days of the runny stomach, we left the village and took a 12-hour car ride to the capital city. Needlessto say, 12-hour car rides and runny stomachs aren ' t compatible. Once we had to stop in a village, greet the 20 or so people that were there, give a detailed explanation of my condition, and then I was allowed to use a brand-new porcelain toilet. I was very embarrassed because they had some one clea n the toilet and sta nd outside while I did my no isy bus in ess. Through a crack in the bathroom wall I could hear some kids wash ing the dishes. I was sple ndid en terta inment for the kids. Each time I let out some gas, I heard squeals of delight and hysterical laughter. They also muttered about “ runny stomach ” . But the highlight of my sickness had to be the wedding we atte nded in the capital. There I was greeted by coun tless guests. They asked about the details of my stomach condition. On my 8th day of sickness, we went to a private hospital and for the next two weeks I took lots of prescribed antibiotics and drank bottles of oral rehydration salts. My condition began improving in about two days. Much to my disappo in tme nt, the stool and blood samples came back n egative, so my con diti on was a result of a cha nge of diet. Needless to say, I lear ned not to be88shy about stomach con diti ons.Liste ning Task 2Whenhe realized that his short-term memory was failing, my husband decided to weara multi-pocketed vest. The vest, with its 17 pockets each serv ing a purpose, didwork for a while. Things were going so well that he started to relax a little andone day he turned back to his traditi onal pan ts-pocket wallet.Just seconds after boarding the crowded Romesubway, a pickpocket was attracted by the familiar bulge. My husband stared at him for a moment. Finally the would-be thief withdrew and joined the crowd.My part ner became more careful, and the next time he was better orga ni zed, all theesse ntials in their assig ned pockets. We had checked in for our flight to Athe ns.Before boarding I casually asked where his Swiss army knife was. His hand immediately went to the pocket designated for the knife, and found it safe there. Then his face fell: safe, that is , for any thi ng but air travel.Realiz ing that his precious knife would be take n away at security, he retur ned tothe check-in counter. Fortunately, the frowning attendant agreed to pack his knifein a little box and check it separately.By the time we got to Athens at midnight we were both exhausted. Our luggage emerged and all the other passengers were gone. My husband was still watching the carousel going round and round and round. Fin ally, he went to find a baggage han dler and ahalf hour later reappeared triumpha ntly with his knife.Un it Seven Lan guageListe ning Task 1Jessica Bucknam shouts “tiao! ” and her fourth-grade students jump. “Dun!” she comma nds, and they crouch. They giggle as the comma nds keep coming in Man dari nChin ese. Most of the kids have studied Chin ese since they were in kin dergarte n.They are part of a Chin ese-immers ion program at Woodstock Eleme ntary School, i nPortia nd, Orego n. Buck nam, who is from China, in troduces her stude nts to approximately 150 new Chin ese characters each year. Stude nts read stories, sing songs and lear n math and scie nee, all in Chin ese.Half of the students at the school are enrolled in the program. They can continue studying Chinese in middle and high school. The goal: to speak like natives. About 24,000 America n stude nts are curre ntly lear ning Chin ese. Most are in high school. But the number of younger students is growing in response to China ' s emerge nee as a global superpower. The gover nment is help ing to pay for Ian guage in struct ion. Rece ntly, the Defense Departme nt gave Oreg on schools $700,000 for classes like Buck nam ' s. The Sen ate is con sideri ng givi ng $ billi on for Chin ese classes in public schools.“ China has become a stong part ner of the Un ited States, ” says Mary Patters on, Woodstock' s principal. “ Children who learn Chinese at a young age will have more opport un ities for jobs in the future. ” Isabel Weiss, 9, is n't thinking about thefuture. She thinks lear ning Chin ese is fun. “ When you hear people speak ing in Chinese, you know what they ' re saying, ” she says. “And they don' t know that you know. ”Want to lear n Chin ese You have to memorize 3,500 characters to really know it all!Start with these Chin ese characters and their pronun ciati ons.Liste ning Task 2An idiom is an expression whose meaning cannot be deduced from the literal defi niti ons and the arran geme nt of its parts, but refers in stead to a figurative meaning that is known only through conven ti onal use. In the En glish expressi on to kick the bucket , a listener knowing only the meaning of kick and bucket would be unable to deduce the expression ' s actual meaning, which is to die . Although kickthe bucket can refer literally to the act of striking a bucket with a foot, native speakers rarely use it that way.Idioms hence tend to con fuse those n ot already familiar with them; stude nts of a new Ianguage must learn its idiomatic expressions the way they learn its other vocabulary .In fact many n atural la nguage words have idiomatic origi ns, but have bee n sufficie ntly assimilated so that their figurative sen ses have bee n lost.Interestingly, many Chinese characters are likewise idiomatic constructs, as their meanings are more often not traceable to a literal meaning of their assembled parts, or radicals. Because all characters are composed from a relatively small base of about 214 radicals, their assembled meanings follow several differe nt modes ofinterpretation —from the pictographic to the metaphorical to those whose originalmeaning has bee n lost in history.Real world liste ningQ: Whyare some idioms so difficult to be understood outside of the local cultureA: Idioms are, i n esse nee, ofte n colloquial metaphors - terms which requires some foundational knowledge, information, or experienee, to use only within a culture where parties must have com mon referen ce. As cultures are typically localized, idioms are more often not useful for communication outside of that local con text.Q: Are all idioms tran slatable across Ian guagesA: Not all idioms are tran slatable. But the most com mon idioms can have deeproots, traceable across many Ian guages. To have blood on one' s han ds is a familiar example, whose meaning is obvious. These idioms can be more uni versally used tha n others, and they can be easily translated, or their metaphorical meaning can be more easily deduced. Many have tran slati ons in other Ian guages, and tend to become intern ati on al.Q: How are idioms differe nt from others in vocabularyA: First, the meaning of an idiom is not a straightforward composition of the meaning of its parts. For example, the meaning of kick the bucket has no thi ng todo with kick ing buckets. Second, one cannot substitute a word in an idiom with a related word. For example, we can not say kick the pail in stead of kick the bucket although bucket and pail are synonyms. Third, one can not modify an idiom or apply syntactic transformations. For example, John kicked the green bucket or the bucketwas kicked has nothing to do with dying .Un it 8 Exam in ati onListe ning Task 1At first, fifth-grader Edward Lynch didn ' t pay much attention to his teacher ' s warnings about the big tests the class would take at the end of the school year.But two weeks before North Carolina ' s first-ever elementary-promotion exams, Edward says he ' s scared. He ' s a B student but an erratic test taker. “ The other night I had a dream my books were squishing me and pencils were stabbing me, ” says the 11-year-old. His classmate West Bullock says, "I have friends who throw up theni ght before tests. ” Their teacher, Kelly Alle n, worries that half of her 21students are at risk of failing next week ' s multiple-choice tests on math and reading. If they fail, they won ' t be able to graduate to middle school.In 1996 the state of North Carolina launched its ABCs testing program, a carrot-and-stick approach that holds schools responsible for their students ' educational progress. Over the next four years, scores on statewide tests rose 14%.But critics of the program say the cost has been high, in ways that range from stomachaches to insomnia and depressi on.Schools, also, are sacrificing important lessons in scienee, social studies andforeign Ianguages to focus on concepts that will be tested. Thus the harmful practices such as retention in grade and tracking are encouraged. High school biology stude nts no Ion ger dissectfrogs. A history teacher does n' t assig n research papers 1212because they don ' t help him prepare students for state-mandated tests. Lisa, amother of a struggling fifth-grader said. "If they have kids with straight A ' s, they think it ' s fine, but I think there 's too much pressure with this pass-fail system. ” She views the accountability system as a social experiment whose outcomeis not yet known.Liste ning Task 2No one wants to be tested. We would all like to get a driver ' s license without answering questions about right of way or showing that we can parallel park a car.Many future lawyers and doctors probably wish they could join their professi on without tak ing an exam.But tests and standards are a necessary fact of life. They protect us - most of the time —from in ept drivers, hazardous products and shoddy professi on als. In schools too, exams play a constructive role. They tell teachers what their studentshave learned —and have not. They tell parents how their children are doing comparedwith others their age. They en courage stude nts to exert more effort.Therefore, formal testing has its place in the overall scope of education. The test data can be very useful in making decisi ons for the upco ming school year as well as for long term planning. Besides, the parents need accountability to themselves.Welcome the opport unity to discover their child ' s stre ngths and weak nesses and to ascertain needs that should be addressed or pieces that are missing in the student ' s academic training. However, all tests have a marg in of error. Several factors will affect tests scores, including rapport established with examiner, health of students, lack of sleep the night before, temperature of testing room, attention span, and many other variables.In other words, don ' t fall apart if the scores aren ' t what you think they shouldhave bee n. They are just test scores and tests are not in fallible.。
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit
大学英语听说教程4听力原文U n i t2(总4页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Unit 2Part BEmbarrassing Experiences (Part One)Interviewer: Rob, you went to Brazil, didn't you?Rob: Yes, I did.Interviewer: So, what happened?Rob: Well, I went into this meeting and there were about, er... seven or eight people in there and I just said 'Hello' to everybody and sat down. Apparently, what I should have done is to go round the room shaking hands with everyone individually. Well, you know, it's silly of me because I found out later it upset everyone. I mean, I think they felt I was taking them for granted.Kate: Well, I know that because when I was in France the first time, I finished a meeting , with 'Goodbye, everyone!' to all the people in the room. There were about half a dozen people there but I was in a hurry to leave, so I just said that and left. Well, I later found out that what I should have done is shake hands with everyone in the group before leaving. Now, apparently, it's the polite thing to do.Interviewer: Well, people shake hands in different ways, don't they?Rob: Oh, yes, that's right, they do. See, normally I shake hands quite gently when I meet someone. So when I went to the US for the first time, I think people there thought my weak handshake was a sign of weakness. Apparently, people there tend to shake hands quite firmly.Kate: Oh, gosh, you know, that reminds me: on my first trip to Germany, it was a long time ago, I was introduced to the boss in the company when he passed us in the corridor. Well, I wasn't prepared, and I mean, I had my left hand in my pocket. And when we shook hands I realized my left hand was still in my pocket. Well, that was, you know, very bad manners and I was quite embarrassed.Interviewer: And how about using first names Have you made any mistakes thereRob: Oh, yes, I have! When I first went to Italy I thought it was OK to use everyone's first name so as to seem friendly. And I later discovered that in business you shouldn't use someone's first name unless you are invited to. Oh, and you should always use their title as well.Kate: Hm, yeah, well, when I met people in Russia, you know, they seemed to be puzzled when I shook hands with them and said 'How do you do' Well, what they do when they greet a stranger is to say their own names, so I had that all wrong!Rob: Oh, yes, I agree with that. Remembering names is very important.Interviewer: Shall we take a break When we come back we'll move on to our next topic.Kate & Rob: OK.1. What is the conversation mainly about?2. Who might be the people Rob and Kate met in various countries?3. What can we infer about Kate and Rob from the conversation?4. Which countries has Kate visited, according to the conversation?5. Which countries has Rob visited, according to the conversation?6. What is the main message that the speakers want to tell us?Part CAdditional ListeningAmerican PartiesAs you would imagine, Americans move about a great deal at parties. At small gatherings they may sit down, but as soon as there are more people than chairs in a room - a little before this point - you will see first one and then another make some excuse to get to his feet to fetch a drink or greet a friend or open a window until soon everyone is standing, moving around, chatting with one group and then another. Sitting becomes static beyond a certain point. We expect people to moveabout and be "self-starters". It is quite normal for Americans to introduce themselves; they will drift around a room , stopping to talk wherever they like, introducing themselves and their companions. If this happens, you are expected to reply by giving your name and introducing the person with you; then at least the men generally shake hands. Sometimes the women do so as well, but often they merely nod and smile. A man usually shakes a woman's hand only if she extends it. Otherwise he too just nods and greets her.Statements:1. We can't imagine that Americans do not like big parties and they prefer going around at parties.2. At small parties they may sit down, but as more people come, they would stand up and move about.3. The reason why Americans like to stand is that they like the free atmosphere of the party.4. The meaning of "self-starters" is that Americans help themselves to drinks during the parties.5. Americans are more open-minded than British people according to the passage.6. If a woman doesn't extend her hand to a man at the party, he should not shakes hands with the woman.7. The passage shows a unique aspect of American culture.Embarrassing Experiences (Part Two)Interviewer: Let's go on with our talk. What do you think of business cards, Rob? Rob: I found them very useful when I was in Japan not so long ago. Each person can clearly see the other's name and the job title on the card. And I found out that you have to treat business cards with respect. What you've got to do is hold them with both hands and then read them very carefully. What happened to me was the first time I just took a man's card with one hand and put it straight into my pocket.Interviewer: What other advice do you have, Kate?Kate: Well, one time I unintentionally caused some problems when I was in China. Well, I was trying to make a joke when I pretended to criticize my business associate for being late for a meeting. And he was embarrassed, I mean, he was really embarrassed instead of being amused. Now you shouldn't criticize people in China or embarrass them. I mean, you must avoid confrontation. That's for sure!Rob: Oh, I must tell you about the first time I was in Mexico! I have to admit I found it a bit strange when business associates there touched me on the arm and the shoulder. Well, I tried to move away and, of course, they thought I was being very, very unfriendly. Apparently, it's quite usual there for men to touch each other in, you know, in a friendly way. Oh ... oh, and another thing, the first time I went to Korea I thought it was polite not to look someone in the eye too much. The Koreans I met seemed to be staring at me when I spoke, which seemed, you know, a bit odd at first. In Korea, eye contact conveys sincerity and it shows you're paying attention to the speaker.Kate: Oh, well, it seemed strange because you British don't look at each other so much when you're talking to each other. I mean, you look away, you know, most of the time. I found this hard to deal with when I first came to the UK, because people seemed to be embarrassed when I looked at them while they were speaking to me. Interviewer: So what's the thing visitors to Britain should avoid most?Rob: Well, I don't think we're all that sensitive, do you, Kate?Kate: Ohoo, well, I'll tell you, I made a big mistake when I was in Scotland. I found myself referring to the UK as "England" and to the British as "the English". Now, I know that would be just as bad in Wales, I guess.Rob: Yes, it certainly would!。
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Unit 1P31.W: You don’t really seem interested in painting pictures, so why did you apply to this artprogram?M: To be honest, I though that through art, I could become famous. Pretty stupid, huh?Q: What can be inferred from this conversation?2.W：You have everything you ever wanted! But why do you look so blue?M: Ah, man, I discovered that all those thing s—money, fame, and the lot—are all empty.And in trying to get them, I ignored my art.Q: Why is the man not happy?3.W: Hey, Marty. What’s the mater, pal? When you first started writing, you did so muchbetter work. Are you bored or something?M: I know my work is suffering, but I don’t know the reason. I don’t seem so interested anymore. Maybe, so you said, I am bored. Who knows?Q: What are the speakers talking about?4.W：Is it true what they say bout the director? Does he really work for art, not for fame?M: That’s what people say, and I’m inclined to believe them. He certainly hasn’t sold out to the cheap film companies.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?5.W：What’s on the schedule for tonight’s show? Something I’m likely to enjoy?M: You might like it—a story about a dancer who sells his soul to become famous and then loses his friends, family, and everything important.Q: What is tonight’s show about?6.W：Isn’t that the man who won an Academy Award for his cartoon artwork?M: What? That tramp? Hey, you know, I think you’re right. Man, what happened to him? He was really famous!Q: What happened to the artist at last?7.W：Look! Look! Look! Look at me, Dad! I’ve done it! Success, money, popularity… Theworld is at the tip of my fingers and I feel like a queen.M: Sweetheart, I think you need to cool down a bit. Don’t let all of this success go to your head.Q: What has happened to the woman?8.W：Get a grip on yourself! Don’t you dare quit your job! You really think you cansucceed as actor? Do you really think you can become famous?M: I don’t think I need to be famous to succeed. I’m sure I can get work as an extra and then maybe move on to more interesting roles.Q: What are the speakers talking about?9.M: Hey, you! Watch out! Where’s your head? Walking in front of cars like that?W: Huh? Ah! Oh! Sorry, I mean… thanks. I just received word from my agent that my book is to be published. Isn’t it wonderful? Sorry I was daydreaming abut the fame to come and forgot to look at the traffic.Q: Where is the conversation taking place?10.W：Thanks for coming in. I loved your work, but I wish it looked more like yourprevious pieces.M: God! I knew it! Complaints from my teacher, my mother… even my doctor! And now, my boss? Since I became famous, no one will let me change!Q: What is the relationship between the speakers?1. A2.C3. B4. B5. D6.B7.A8.C9.C 10. DP4M: There’s only one thing in life worse than being talked about, and that’s not being talked about.W: That was said by Oscar Wilde, wasn’t it?M: That’s right. You’re pretty smart.W: I have my moments. But I’m afraid that I won’t remember anything else for your test tomorrow.M: Well, let’s have a run-through. First, what can you remember about Wilde?W: The basics, obviously—British, 19th century writer…. He was a gay, wasn’t he?M: That’s right. And he actually went to jail for it.W: Why? There must’ve been many gays in England at the time. Why was he singled out to be put in prison? Or, were the English throwing all gays in jail?M: No, not everyone. But things were different for Wilde. A famous person, like him, isn’t free to do what he likes. People paid more attention to his actions. There were reporters, and everything that he said and did was watched carefully.W: Yeah? It might’ve been better for him if he wasn’t famous.M: Maybe. But, then again, if he wasn’t well-known, we might not have his wonderful stories today.1.What are the speakers talking about?2.What did Oscar Wilde say?3.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?4.Why was Oscar Wilde treated differently ?5.What can be inferred from the conversation?1. A2.B3. A4. C5. BP5You young people go crazy over famous people. Will you listen to me when I tell you your generation is wrong about this? Let me use an example to illustrate my point to you.Marilyn Monroe, you might not even know who she is. Back in my day, when I was your age, she was a big movie star. But she wasn’t born a movie star, no sir. She was a simple girl with beauty and innocence until she went to Hollywood to make movies. That’s right. Instead of living out a simple life of integrity and hard work or trying to develop a respectable name in her profession, she sought fame. Well, I’ll tell you, she got her wish. She made her movies—All About Eve in 1950, Gentlemen Prefer Blondes in 1953, Some Like It Hot in 1959, and more. She got into trouble throughout—drugs, abuse…. All of this came crashing down on her head, and she died at an early age in 1962. Sad, really.I hope that this example shows you the dangers of fame. Believe me, it’s best just to live a simple life.1.What is the man talking about?2.What is TRUE according to what you hear?3.Why did Monroe go to Hollywood?4.When was Some Like It Hot made?5.Why is the man telling this story?1. A2.A3. D4. B5. CUnit 2P191.W：I don’t quite understand what made Charlie Chaplin such a popular movie star.M: Serious? Look at his work and compare it to other films of the time. He was so original that people were really surprised by his films.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?2.W：My drama teacher said Chaplin is an excellent model for a young actor to patternhimself on.M: I’d be hard-pressed to arguer with that. The guy was innovative and possessed such a creative mind. Yeah, try to be like him.Q: What are the speakers talking about?3.W: I’ve given some thought to entering politics when I get older—you know, maybeworking behind the scenes to help someone get a position in government.M: Why not run for office yourself? Are you afraid of standing out as a female politician?Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?4.W：I admire her, not because she’s a woman in the tough, male world of internationalpolitics, but because she’s so honest.M: Yeah, I feel the same way. Certainly, there aren’t many people as true to their word as she is.Q: What does the man think about the politician?5.W：You know, our family is really special. Many of our ancestors are remembered asgreat investors and scientists who contributed new ideas to society.M: Yes, that’s what I’ve also heard form Uncle Marty. He said our family tree was full of geniuses.Q: What are the speakers talking abut?6.W：Did you see what I made? It’s a light bulb that’ll never burn out.M: That’s amazing! A thing like that could make you famous. You should contact a patent office as soon as possible and register a claim!Q: What will make the woman famous?7.W：No matter what a person says about me, no one can say that I’m not original.M: For sure, that’s one criticism that no one will hit you with. Your artworks is definitely unique. And I think that’s really important.Q: According to the man, what should be valued above all else?8.W：What do you think? Is it dangerous to be unlike other people sometimes?M: Nah. I think it’s more dangerous to be similar to others—that’s when you run the risk of becoming insignificant and forgotten.Q: According to the man, what is dangerous?9.M: I suppose I could’ve been successful by being like other people, but I felt that Ishould express my own original ideas. And I think this is a lesson you should learn.W: Ma says the same thing about her success. I guess thinking the same about that is what first brought you two together.Q: What is the relationship between the speakers?10.W：I’m not saying that your work is poor, just that it lacks imagination. You haven’tdone anything to set yourself apart from your classmates.M: If my assignments look so much like others, why do you give me lower grades than you give them?Q: What is the relationship between the speakers?1. D2.D3. D4. C5. B6.A7.A8.B9.C 10. DP20M: Look at you, all dressed up in a bowler hat, looking all dapper like Charlie Chaplin. It’s not Halloween, though. Are you going to leave the house looking like that?W: Would you believe that I’m going to a party?M: If there was a party tonight, I would’ve heard about it be now. So what’s the deal?W: I’m auditioning for a film. I thought, well, this look worked well for Chaplin.M: So you thought it’d work for you. I don’t think much of that idea.W: Why not? Chapin got a lot of success because of his Little Tramp costume. And I’ve copied it exactly.M: Chaplin did very well—but that’s because the look was original. He didn’t copy anyone in Hollywood.W: But look, I’m a woman, a woman dressed like Chaplin. That’s original, isn’t it?M: I’m afraid not. I’m pretty sure that I’ve seen other women do the same thing. If should do what you really want to succeed like Chaplin did, you do what he did. Try to invent and develop something people haven’t seen before.W: I guess you’re right. I’ll go back up to my room and change.1.What are the speakers talking about?2.Why is the woman dressed like Chaplin?3.What can be inferred from the conversation?4.Beside “be original”, what advice does the man have for the woman?5.Where is the conversation taking place?1. D2.A3. B4. B5. AP21Some people stand out as truly special and one of a kind. Charlie Chaplin, a superstar of silent comedies and one of the great icons of the 20th-century film, is one of those unique people. Chaplin had a rotten childhood and an early start on stage, performing even as achild in vaudeville. He went to Hollywood is 1914 and began acting in silent comedies. By 1915, he controlled most aspects of his films, in which he usually appeared as a character called simply the “Little Tramp”: a lovably shabby dreamer with a bushy moustache, bowler hat and came. Chaplin was one of the founder s of United Artists Studios and was one of the first movie makers to have complete control over his features. His best-known films include 1925’s The Gold Rush, 1931’s City Lights, and 1936’s Modern Times. Famously outspoken and sympathetic to Communism, Chaplin left the United States in 1952 because of increased political pressure. He settled in Switzerland, where he and his wife Oona raised eight children, including actress Geraldine Chaplin. In 1972 he returned to the United States to accept a special Oscar, and in 1975, he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.1.What is the passage about?2.What did Chaplin do when he went to Hollywood?3.What is the “Little Tramp” look like?4.What can be inferred from the passage?5.When did the Queen make Chaplin a knight?1. B2.C3. D4. A5. CUnit 3P351.W：I think it’s great that the government is giving you money during this hard time, butshouldn’t you do something yourself to get on your feet?M: What? You think I’m lazy? I’ll tell you how hard I’m trying to find a job…Q: What do we know from this conversation?2.M: According to these rules, you can get more welfare money if you have children.W：Sure I could. But having children would also cost a lot of money—so I don’t see welfare benefits as an inventive to giving birth. Besides, I’m happier by myself.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?3.W: True enough, the man is blind. But you’ve got to admire what he’s done—started hisown company and became rich.M: He really has done a lot. On top of all that, he’s a really nice person.Q: What are the speakers talking about?4.W：Hi, honey. I’m sorry, I’ve some really bad news to tell you. I’m afraid. Managementhave made cuts, and I’ve lost my job.M: Oh, oh dear! That’s terrible. But—you didn’t like that job very much anyway.Maybe this is a good chance to find something new. Don’t get down; think positive.Q: What does the man think?5.W：I was sure your patient would be devastated when he was told that he would diewithin a month. I’m really surprised.M: Maybe it hasn’t hit him yet. When he has time to think about it, he’ll probably break down. But for now, yeah, he seems to have taken it very well—he’s very brave.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?6.W：Hey, I just noticed something. The player, that one right there in the middle of thefield, he’s missing a hand.M: It took you long enough to notice. Yeah, he’s one of the top players in the league. And look, he isn’t the only one. That one over there is also missing a hand.Q: What are the speakers doing?7.W：This divorce is really getting me down. All I think about these days is how to end itall. I just feel like dying.M: Don’t talk that way, please. Everyone has troubles at some time in their lives. You’re strong really, and you’ll get through it just as long as you’re positive.Q: According to the man, what should the woman do?8.W：I hope you don’t mind me asking—but what’s it like to not be able to see? I imagineit’s terrible.M: Actually, I’ve been blind since birth, so I don’t really know what I’m missing. And, you know, it really isn’t so bad. This is just normal life to me.Q: Why doesn’t the man feel bad?9.M: Give it to me straight, doctor. What am I going to have to tell my mom and dadabout my condition?W: I wish I had better news for you. Unfortunately, the operation didn’t work as well as we’d hoped. It doesn’t look as if we can save your legs. Let me call your parents in so we can talk about the next step together.Q: What is the relationship between the speakers?10.W：Mary isn’t completely blind, just 70%. So she can see 30% of what you and I can,and much more than poor George.M: Yeah. George, ha can only see about 5% of what we can see. I can’t imagine what is must be like for him.Q: How blind is George?1. C2.D3. C4. B5. B6.B7.A8.C9.A 10. BP36M: There’s a check in your mailbox from the government. It almost looks like a benefit check.W: That’s because it is a benefit check. I’ve been getting benefits from the government for the last 20 or so years on account of my condition.M: Condition? I didn’t know anything was wrong with you.W: You’re kidding, right? We’ve been friends for 30 years, and you didn’t know my condition?M: Is it that you haven’t had a job for the last 25 years?W: I haven’t had a job in 40 years, my whole life—because I’m blind!M: You’re blind? You never told me this!W: I shouldn’t have to tell you. You should be smart enough to know! Why do you think I have a dog leading me around all the time!M: You’re an animal lover?W: Ugh! Why do you think I wear sunglasses all the time?M: I thought you were just being cool.1.What are the speakers talking about?2. How long have the speakers been friends?3. What do we know about the woman?4. What should be a clear hint of the woman’s condition?5. What can be inferred from the conversation?1. A2.B3. D4. C5. BP37What to do about the poor and needy is a concern of every government. The US is not exempt from this concern, but care for its poor had changed over time. Until the Great Depression of the 1930s, state and local governments in America bore some responsibility for providing assistance to the poor. However, such assistance was minimal at best.The New Deal policies of President Franklin D. Roosevelt included new federal initiatives to help those in poverty. With millions of people unemployed during the 1930s economic depression, welfare assistance was beyond the financial resources of the states. Therefore, the federal government provided funds for maintaining a minimum standard of living, either directly to recipients or the states.Between 1935 and 1996, federal programs were established that provided additional welfare benefits, including care, public housing, and food stamps. By the 1960s, however, criticism began to grow that these programs discouraged people from finding employment. Even defenders of public welfare benefits acknowledged that the system was imperfect: noting the financial disincentives associated with taking a low-paying job and losing the array of benefits, especially medical care.1.What is the passage about?2.What must all governments worry about?3.What can be inferred from the passage?4.When did the federal government begin adding to the New Deal benefits?5.What do we know from the passage?1. A2.B3. D4. B5. CUnit 4P511.W：There is the question as to whether Vietnam should push developments intelecommunications at the expense of programs that would feed poor people.M: I’ve heard the criticism, but I think moving ahead with technology is the right way to go. Surely modernizing will improve standards of living for everyone.Q: What are the speakers talking about?2.W：The Internet has changed the world, Asia most of all, where cities that were onceremote and cut off from the world are now online.M: Yes, I agree. Have you been to Asia to see any of the changes? It really is quite remarkable. I was in Sichuan last month.Q: What are the speakers talking about?3. W: Marty says that our store should get online, but I am not so sure.M:A year ago, I would’ve said no. Our business just seems so small, but not anymore.More and more small stores are posting pages on the Net so I think we should as well.Q: What do we know from the conversation?4.W：Some people had doubts about our webpage, but I really think it’s brought in a lot ofnew customers.M: I agree completely. Business has boomed since we started the website.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?5.W：Hold up on that last prescription. According to the patient’s computer file, a hasallergies.M: You’re kidding! Good thing you looked up his file. He’d have had a bad reaction if we’d given him that medicine.Q: Why do the speakers not give the medicine to the patient?6.W：I’ve just got off the phone with the credit bureau. Seems they had a problem withtheir computer files.M: Yeah, I had a similar problem. Luckily, I was able to sort it before they blacklisted me for good!Q: What might’ve caused serious damage for the man?7.W：The job center is offering classes on using computer technology. You interested?M: It’d probably be a good idea. I’ve been asked about my computer skills at all the job interviews I’ve had. If I could learn some better skills, maybe I’d finally find a job.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?8.W：I’m kinda worried about how technology is used these days. If governments aretracking us with computers… Well, isn’t that something we should worry about?M: Nah. I mean, well, I suppose you might worry if you’re doing something bad.Q: What does the man think?9.M: We’ve had five new computers installed in our classroom, but I don’t think ourteacher knows what to do with them.W: Really? Maybe I should come to see your teacher and see if I can help in any way.Would it be embarrassing for you if I did?Q: What is the relationship between the speakers?10.W：Will our library book do nothing but collect dust, now that the Internet gives allcomputer users access to so much data?M: Could be. Maybe over the next 15 years, all the books you see her will be thrown out to make room for more computers.Q: Where is this conversation taking place?1. B2.A3. D4. D5. A6.D7.C8.C9.A 10. AP52M: So what do you think? Should Vietnam invest heavily in communications technology? W: Hm?M: Vietnam, the country…W: I know about the country. I learned about it in school. But I don’t have the foggiest notion of what you’re talking about.M: The Vietnamese government is putting a lot of money into communications technolog y—you know, the Internet, mobile phone lines and the like.W: OK, so what’s the problem?M: It’s a really poor country—most people there don’t have as much as our family—and many people outside of the country are saying the government should do more to help poor people. I, for one, find the government’s actions unbelievable. So…W: So, what?M: So, do you have any ideas? I’d like to know what you think.W: I think that the Vietnamese government is independent of outside influence and can do what it likes.M: The question isn’t if it can or can’t do it. The question is that it SHOULD do.W: I don’t know, man. I guess, well, I have a new computer, a mobile phone, the Internet, a mess of other technology. And I like these things. The Vietnamese might like them too, and maybe make good use out of them.1.What are the speakers talking about?2.What is the problem?3.What can be inferred from the conversation about the man?4.How does the woman feel about technology?5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?1. C2.B3. B4. B5. CP53The “information highway”, the “information superhighway”, the “Interweb”, the “Internet”…all of these words have come to identify the same thing—the widespread connection of computers and information from around the world. And as our understanding of this connection has changed, so too have the terms we’ve used to describe it.The information highway was a term used especially in the 1990s to describe the Internet. The official project was dubbed the National Information Infrastructure and went beyond the interconnectivity of just computers; the scope broadened to include all types of data transmissions between a plethora of places, people, and devices. T is often associated with the United States politician and former vice president. Al Gore, who promoted funding for programs that led to aspects of the development of the Internet. Although its currency was wider than merely Gore—many policy organizations made pronouncements about the so-called information highway or the variant information superhighway, both terms are used less frequently now that for many people the Internet has become a less abstract and more concrete thing; the highway analogy, though useful and apt, has perhaps served its purpose.1. What the passage about?2. What was the official name of the Internet project?3. What Al Gore’s role in starting the Internet?4. What can we know from the passage?5. What does the speaker have to say about the term “information highway”?1. A2.C3. B4. A5. CUnit 5P671.W：So, let me get this right—you don’t have a roommate, a live-in girlfriend, anything?You just live by yourself? Why?M: I find it easier this way. Being by myself means I can do what I want. It’s lonelysometimes, of course.Q: According to the man, what is the advantage of living alone?2.W：City life is so crowded. I like to get away sometimes to the forest where I can think inpeace and quiet.M: I think that’s just what I need. Living in the city, and with a roommate, it seems I can never be alone. I never get the chance to think about the meaning of life, stuff like that.Q: What are the speakers talking about?3.W: In my first year at university, I had three roommates, all from different countries.M: That must’ve been great for teaching you about cultures and faraway places. Dif you stay in touch with them? What are they all doing now?Q: What are the speakers talking about?4.W：Are all philosophers reclusive? Do they all prefer their own company—don’t theylike socializing with other people at all?M: No, not all of them. Some of them like their privacy but many philosophers think it’s important to be around people so they can learn about human nature.Q: Why do some philosophers spend time around people?5.W：You wouldn’t believe my roommate! She is a total nightmare! I don’t know what I’mgoing to do about her!M: Don’t let her upset you, sweetie. You should have a chat with her about what’s annoying you.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?6.W：Ever since I started living by myself, I’ve noticed that I often talk to myself.M: No need to be embarrassed about that. It’s actually very common, and many people do it. In fact, I do it myself.Q: What does the man often do?7.W：How would you like to have a roommate? It’s reduce your costs and give you somecompany when you feel lonely.M: Jeez. Punch me in the face, why don’t you? Having a roommate would be a hassle and a half. Besides, I’m not lonely.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?8.W：Things in my room keep going missing. I haven’t a clue as to what’s happening tothem.M: Well—I guess the answer might be obvious. No one but you and your roommate is in your room. Have you given any thought to the idea that she may be talking your stuff?Q: What do we know from the conversation?9.M: Hello. I’m responding to an advertisement in the newspaper. It says here that youwant a roommate.W: Ha, ha. I hope you aren’t serious. I lived with you and Mon and Dad long enough. I want a roommate that is not family.Q: What is the relationship between the speakers?10.W：Are you sure you want to move out? To be on your own? Wouldn’t you like to at leasthave a roommate?M: Oh, don’t worry about me, you and dad both. Really, I’ll be fine. Growing up as theonly child of this family, I’ve learned how to be alone and I quite like my privacy.Q: What is the relationship between the speakers?1. A2.D3. D4. D5. B6.C7.D8.C9.A 10. DP68M: Mary? Mary? Ma…W: You can stop yelling now. you’ve found me.M: Oh, God. Mary, what have you been doing out here?W: I’m sorry, Dad. I just wanted to be alone. I just… I haven’t been well. Maybe out here, in nature, where I could just think, I thought I could, I don’t know.M: You wanted to think. I understand. I sometimes like to go out, to the mountains, not the forest, like you have. But you could’ve told me. I’ve been so worried. Your mother has been so worried too.W: That wasn’t my intent. Like you said, I just needed to think. I’ve been feeling so bad lately.M: You can come home now, right?W: I don’t know. Out here, away from everybody, in the peace and quiet of nature, I’ve been able to clear my head like I couldn’t do in the city, back home with you and Mom. No, I’m going to stay here, at least for a little while. Don’t try to find me again.M: Mary, come back here! Mary?1.What is happening in the conversation?2.Where does the man like to go when he’s feeling bad?3.What does the woman think about nature?4.What can be inferred from the conversation?5.Where is the conversation taking place?1. B2.B3. A4. C5. CP69Most people prefer living by themselves, as they think that the advantages of living alone, such a s privacy and quiet, outweigh the negatives, which include loneliness and higher costs. However, some people, college students most of all, do not have a choice. Because costs are so high, they have to live with one or more other students in what’s called a dormitory.The term “dormitory”usually refers to a large room with many single beds. Examples are found in many rooming houses, hostels, universities, colleges, and barracks. The room typically is a large room with beds and only sparse furnishings. Such rooms can contain anywhere from two to hundreds of beds—though very large rooms are rare except perhaps in military barracks. Such rooms provide little or no privacy for the residents, and very limited storage for personal items in or near the beds. Storage is sometimes provided in special store rooms in another part of the building.1.What is the passage about?2.Why do college students tend to live with others?3.What is the common meaning for the word “dorm”?。