新交互英语读写译1翻译之针灸

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针灸英语介绍带翻译

针灸英语介绍带翻译Acupuncture: An Introduction to Traditional Chinese Medicine。

针灸，传统中医的介绍。

Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine technique that involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points on the body to stimulate the flow of energy or Qi. This practice has been used for thousands of years to treat a variety of health conditions and is still widely used today.针灸是一种传统的中医技术，它涉及将细针插入身体特定的穴位来刺激能量或气的流动。

这种做法已经被用于治疗各种健康问题数千年，并且今天仍然被广泛使用。

According to traditional Chinese medicine, the body has a network of meridians or channels through which Qi flows. When there is an imbalance or blockage in the flow of Qi,it can result in pain, illness, or other health problems. Acupuncture aims to restore the balance and flow of Qi by stimulating specific points on the body.根据传统中医学的理论，人体有一组经络或通道，通过这些通道气流动。

当气的流动出现不平衡或阻塞时，就会导致疼痛、疾病或其他健康问题。

Ancient_acupuncture_in_the_eyes_of_a_French_girl_法

Crazy English2024.21 I m Victoria Lee‑Baruffolo, 23, a French student at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, completing a master s degreein politicalscience. A few yearsago, as a teenager, I experi‑enced daily migraines （偏头痛） that made me want to bangmy head against a brick wall. I was desperate to find a cure.Unfortunately, nothing worked as a continuous remedy for my unfortunate condition.2 In my hopelessness, my father told me to try acupunc‑ture, which he had undergone once in Hong Kong. With no ex‑pectations, I started my journey of acupuncture, and I soon found myself in a middle‑aged woman s office surrounded by Chinese herbal medicines.3 After I sat myself down on the patient chair, she asked me why I came in. A few mo‑ments later, she placed three fingers on my wrist and silently felt my pulse. I was then taken to a room and told to lie down. Soon, she took out the needles which made me uneasy.4As the doctor delicately twisted the needle in, I did not sense the needle itself, but Ancient acupuncture in the eyesof a French girl法国人眼中的古法针灸重庆　袁　泉主题语境：传播中国传统文化篇幅：377词建议用时：7分钟维多利亚·李·巴鲁福洛找到了一种健康的解决偏头痛的方法——针灸。

针灸学的定义

句子结构
Science of Acupuncture and moxibustion （S） is （V） a subject （O）which（ Three Attributive clause，） is （1）based on TCM theory as a guidance, and （2）studies meridians, collaterals, acupoints, needling and moxa as methods, and（3） explores prevention and treatment of disease with acupuncture and moxibustion as rules.
achievement of Science of Acupuncture and moxibustion
针灸学的发展史及阶段性成就
(1)足臂十一脉灸经，阴阳十一脉灸经(汉代之前 2100 年前)
Hand-foot-11 by Moxibustion / Yin and Yang 11 by Moxibustion （Han Dynast about
moxibustion?
针灸学的定义: Definition of Science of Acupuncture and Moxibustion
针灸学是以，研究经络，腧穴及刺灸方法，探讨运用针灸防治疾病规律的一门学科。
Science of Acupuncture and moxibustion is a subject which is based on TCM theory as a guidance, and studies meridians, collaterals, acupoints, needling and moxa as methods, and explores prevention and treatment of disease with acupuncture and moxibustion as rules

[课件]针灸英语PPT

中国四大国粹
一般的说法是说由孙中山先生总结了最具代表性的四大国粹：中国京剧、中国国画、中国医学、中国烹饪。说及四大国粹，其内容确实不一，并无统一的标准。有中国京剧，中国国画，中国医药，中国烹饪。也有说其一是中国武术。
谢谢！
针灸的核心理论源自针灸学是中医学的重要组成部分，经络学说是中医基本理论的重要内容，是针灸学的理论核心。经络不仅具有明确的生理和病理意义，而且也具有明确的诊断、辨证和治疗意义。针灸疗法不同于中药，它属于外治法，是以腧穴为作用点，以经络为通路，通过补虚泻实的不同方法来调节脏腑经络气血以平衡阴阳的，其应用与取得疗效的基础和关键是经络学说的相关理论。虽然在针灸疗法的应用过程中也要遵循中医辨证论治的原则，但辨证的侧重点与中医内科并不一样，中医内科的辨证体系难以体现针灸理论和治疗的特色。对于针灸而言，指导临床的理论核心是经络学说，辨证体系应当是经络辨证为主结合其他的辨证方法。中医理论认为经络内属脏腑、外络肢节，具有运行气血、协调阴阳、抗御病邪、反映证候及传导感应等生理功能。梁繁荣认为，构建针灸临床辨证施治体系首先要以经络辨证为主线。经络辨证是针灸临床中以经络学说和脏腑理论为指导的一种特有的辨证方法，是针灸临床辨证论治体系的核心和主体。由于针灸疗法属于外治法，在辨证论治的过程中要十分重视辨别部位，应以部位辨证为重点，部位辨证就是直接按病变部位作为依据，来辨证是哪一条经脉的病症，为针灸选穴治疗提供依据。同时，构建针灸临床辨证施治体系还应以八纲辨证为指导，以脏腑辨证为补充，并在临证时重视腧穴特异性的运用。
穴位
acupoint acupuncture point
腧穴是人体脏腑经络之气输注于体表的部位，是针灸治疗疾病的刺激点与反应点。腧与“输’通，有转输、输注的含义；“穴” 即孔隙。所以，腧穴的本义即是指人体脏腑经络之气转输或输注于体表的分肉腠理和骨节交会的特定的孔隙。分为经穴、经外奇穴和阿是穴、耳穴四类。功能输注脏腑经络气血，沟通体表与体内脏腑的联系。

2019英语四级传统文化翻译模拟题：针灸

2019英语四级传统文化翻译模拟题：针灸针灸是中医学的重要组成部分。

按照中医的经络理论，针灸疗法主要是通过疏通经络、调和气血，来达到阴阳归于平衡，使脏腑趋于调和之目的。

其特点是“内病外治”。

主要疗法是用针刺入病人身体的一定穴位，或用艾火的温热刺激烧灼病人的穴位，以达到刺激经络。

治疗病痛的目的。

针灸以其独特的优势，流传至今并传播到了世界，与中餐、功夫、中药一起被海外誉为中国的“新四大国粹”。

英语四级翻译译文Acupuncture is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In accordance with the “main and collateral channels” theory in TCM, the purpose of acupuncture is to dredge the channel and regulate qi and blood, so as to keep the body’s yin and yang balanced and achieve reconciliation between the internal organs. It features in traditional Chinese medicine that “internal diseases are to be treated with external therapy”. The main therapy of acupuncture involves using needles to pierce certain acupoints of the patient’s body, or adopting moxibustion to stimulate the patient’s acupoints so as to stimulate the channels and relieve pain. With its unique advantages, acupuncture has been handed down generation after generation and has now spread all over the world. Nowadays, acupuncture, along with Chinese food, kung fu (otherwise known as Chinese martial arts), and traditional Chinese medicine, has been internationally hailed as one of the “four new national treasures.”。

基础中医英语教材-术语英译汇总(修订)

Unit 1：《黄帝内经》Hua ngdi’s Classic on Medicine// Huangdi’s Canon of Medicine《伤寒杂病论》Treatise on Cold-Induced and Miscellaneous Diseases《肘后备急方》A Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies《千金方》Invaluable Prescriptions《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica《诸病源候论》Treatise on the Causes and Symptoms of Diseases《新修本草》Newly Compiled Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty《针灸甲乙经》The ABC Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion《素问》Plain Questions //Basic Questions《灵枢》Spiritual Pivot // Miraculous Pivot《五十二病方》Prescriptions for Fifty-two Ailments《本草》Treatise on Herbal Medicine《新修本草》Newly Compiled Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty《唐本草》The Tang-dynasty Materia Medica《胡本草》Tartar Herbal Medicine《脉经》The Pulse Classic湿症damp ailment / 湿证damp syndrome湿dampness挤压病区press on the affected area寒病cold diseases炎症感染inflammatory infection草药麻醉herbal anesthesia保持健康maintain wellness/ maintain health临床经验clinical experience民间医药folk medicine中西医结合integration/combination of TCM and Western medicineintegration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine (WHO世卫组织)integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine (WFCMS世中联)各类预防措施various preventive measures预防伤寒病guard against typhoid第一本中国药典the first official Chinese pharmacopoeia在植物治疗学领域in the domain of phytotherapy精通草药研究versed in herbal medicine study从……而来的治疗方法remedies drawn from…著名中医大师renowned TCM masters/ successful TCM doctors他的植物治疗学领域的医学知识his medical knowledge in the realm of phytotherapy 医药管理与教学the administration and teaching of medicine当代中医药著作contemporary TCM works伤口感染的危险the risk of infection from woundsUnit 2:阴阳学说theory of yin and yang / the yin-yang theory阳中之阳yang within yang阴中之阳yang within yin身体上部the upper part of the body身体下部the lower part of the body内脏internal organs/ viscera疾病发展过程disease progression阴阳对立opposition of yin and yang恢复平衡的治疗手段treatment strategies to restore balance 体表superficial aspects of the body疾病治疗treatment of disease; disease treatment阴虚yin deficiency阳虚yang deficiency阳气yang qi卫气wei qi /defensive qi心情,心境state of mind阴性体质yin constitution阴液耗伤consumption of yin fluid虚证deficiency syndrome实证excess syndrome畏寒intolerance of cold蜷卧huddle up形寒肢冷cold limbs and body面色晄白 a pale / pale and bright complexion语声低微weak voice懒言disinclined to talk呼吸浅弱shallow, weak breathing恶寒aversion to cold体若燔炭hot limbs and body面色发红flushed face声音洪亮loud voice渴喜冷饮thirst with preference for cold drinks不渴喜热饮absence of thirst with preference for hot drinks 小便清长copious and clear urine小便短赤concentrated and dark urine / dark scanty urine 大便干燥dry stools大便溏泻loose stools舌红苔黄red tongue with yellow fur舌淡苔白pale tongue with white fur芤脉hollow pulse洪脉surging pulse阴阳对立opposition of yin and yang / yin-yang opposition阴阳互根mutual rooting of yin and yang / interdependence between yin and yang阴阳消长waxing and waning of yin and yang阴阳转化yin-yang conversion; conversion/ transformation of yin and yang阴阳平衡yin-yang balance阴阳調和yin-yang harmonyUnit 3：生克乘侮：generating, controlling, over-acting, and insulting sequence;generation, restriction, over-whelming/ subjugation, reverse restriction肝藏血, 血舍魂。

中医药名词英文翻译08(针灸学)-点读机学习英文-真人朗读学习英语功能)

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subject of channel and collateral; subject of meridianpointcollateral subject of and subject of acupuncture and moxibustion subject of acupuncture and moxibustion theraphyof experimental acupuncture and subject moxibustion channel phenomenon；meridian phenomenon propagated sensation along channel channel diagnostics； meridian diagnostics running course of channel；running course of meridian point; acupoint

医学英语课文翻译

第一单元 A History of TCMText A A History of TCM1.通过考古发掘，中医药的历史可以追溯到数百万年前。

原始人们在基本生存方面花了大部分时间：狩猎、种植植物以获取食物、建造住所、保护自己。

很容易想象，随着时间的推移，他们会尝试大多数当地植物来寻找食物。

经过一段时间，随着口头记载的流传，可以确定哪些植物可以做美食，哪些可以用于建筑，哪些可以影响疾病，和哪些是有毒的。

通过试验和错误，一种原始的草药和饮食疗法在中国逐渐形成。

2.火作为一种取暖，燃料和光的资源在他们的生活中也发挥了关键作用。

他们围坐在火堆周围，我们的祖先发现热的治疗力量是很自然的。

这些力量对像关节炎这类寒湿病的作用特别明显，热量起到迅速缓解的作用。

这是艾灸的艺术的起源,热量的医疗应用适合于多种多样的条件。

3.在他们艰苦的生活中，这些古老的人们一定经历了各种各样的伤害。

痛苦的一个自然的反应是摩擦或按压病变部位。

这种动手的治疗逐渐演变成一个系统的治疗操作。

人们发现按压在身体上特定的穴位有广泛的影响。

他们开始使用磨骨碎片或石片增强感觉，针刺诞生了。

中国传统医学历史的记载4.中医的书面历史发展主要是在过去的3000年。

商朝的考古挖掘揭示了医学著作被刻在占卜的骨头上：早期的巫师，大多数是妇女，使用肩胛骨执行占卜仪式；后来这些骨头也被用于写作。

5.在1973年发现的11篇写在丝绸上的医学文献在某些方面阐明了中国历史早期的复杂实践。

追溯到公元前168年，这些文章讨论饮食、锻炼、艾灸和草药疗法。

,一本广泛混杂萨满魔法的文章（52病方）描述了草药和食物的药理作用。

这个时期还存在着神农的传说，农业的皇帝，他每天品尝100草药来评估他们的性能。

（据说他在调查的过程中已经中毒多次调）6.到公元400年，中国传统医学的基础已具有书面形式。

此时，医学中大多数魔法的方面已经落后；越来越相信自然的力量可以治愈疾病。

最重要的书籍是在公元前300年到公元400年之间编制的黄帝内经。

针灸英语作文带翻译

针灸英语作文带翻译Acupuncture: An Ancient Healing Art。

针灸，一门古老的治疗艺术。

Acupuncture is an ancient healing art that originatedin China over 2,500 years ago. It involves the insertion of fine needles into specific points on the body to stimulate the body's natural healing processes. Acupuncture has been used to treat a wide range of conditions, from chronic pain to anxiety and depression, and is becoming increasingly popular around the world.针灸是一门古老的治疗艺术，起源于2500多年前的中国。

它涉及将细针插入身体特定的穴位，以刺激身体的自然愈合过程。

针灸已被用于治疗广泛的疾病，从慢性疼痛到焦虑和抑郁症，越来越受到全球范围内的欢迎。

The theory behind acupuncture is based on the concept of Qi (pronounced "chee"), which is the vital energy thatflows through the body. According to traditional Chinese medicine, when Qi is blocked or disrupted, it can lead to illness and disease. Acupuncture aims to restore the flowof Qi by stimulating specific points on the body, known as acupoints.针灸背后的理论基于气的概念（发音为“chee”），这是流经身体的重要能量。

中医针灸术语的英译方法探究

第41卷第1期Vol41No1昭通学院学报JournalofZhaotongUniversity2019年2月Feb2019•语言学研究中医针灸术语的英译方法探究朱琳(昭通学院教育科学学院，云南昭通657000)摘要：在翻译实践的基础上探讨了中医针炎术语的直译法、意译法、音译法、借译法、))译法、缩略法、中医“四字结构”的特殊译法等#最后，提出由专业翻译和针r医生合作翻译的建议#关键词：中医针灸术语翻译中图分类号：H315.9文献标志码：A文章编号：—、引言中医针灸术语的英译方法，是医学名词翻译的一个难点&这主要与中医特殊的治病原理和方法有关，中医对人体的理解与西医有很大不同，例如，中医认为人体有一套复杂的经络组织，而构成生命的精华物质——气，就在经络中运行不息。

如果元气充足，运行流畅，人体就健康，反之就生病。

⑴而西医从解剖学的角度认识人体，只看到具体的器官、组织，却不承认经络和元气的存在，认为是具体的营养物质如蛋白质、维生素等在维持人体的健康&因此中西医的治病方法也有根本的不同，中医讲究辨证施治，使用针灸、推拿、中药；而西医讲究化验，使用化学药物和手术。

从原理到方法，中西医都有一套不同的概念体系，因此，中医术语尤其是针灸术语的英译，难度很大&首先，英语的医学词汇里没有对应的专业词汇，其次，针灸术语体现了中医特殊的治病理念，在翻译当中既要不曲解原意，又能让外国人理解中医的精妙之处，另外还要符合英语语法和表达习惯，这就要求译者不仅要有扎实的中英文功底，娴熟的翻译技能，还要对一些中医理念和针灸原理有深入的理解，否则就有可能到不到，者到难，国人曲解、误解或难解针灸的精妙之处。

本文在总结针灸术语翻译实践的基础上，提出了直译法、意译法、音译法、借译法、名名译法、缩略法和中医“四字结构”的特殊译法这几种有效的翻译2095-7408(2019)01-0091-04方法严二、几种常用的中医针灸术语翻译方法直译和意译是中医针灸术语英译最常用的方法：如五行理论中的“母子关系”直译为"mother—son relationship%，既简单明了，又形象化，且译法形式固定，便于引用&直译的诸多优点由此可见一般&但直译也有它的不足之处，例如，“阴中之阳，阴中之阴，阳中之阳，阳中之阴”可译为::(1)yang in yin and yin in yin,yang in yangand yin in yang.(2)a yin aspect developing within yin and ayang aspect within yang and yang complicated withyinandyincomplicatedwithyang.(3)yin may be subdividedinto yang andyin,hence they are yang and yin involved in yin, yang may be subdivided into yang and yin,hence they are yang and yin involved in yang.以上三种译法，(1)直译简略，但其义不明，尤其是外国读者或初学者，更会如坠云里雾中，看来不可取&(2)(3)皆为意译，较为准确，明白易懂，由此可见意译优于直译&(2)较(3)更为精确凝练，developing一字尤见功夫，而(3)又较(2)更为显豁易读。

针灸英语日记带翻译

今天爷爷奶奶陪我一起去针灸。

到了那儿，一点儿也不忙。

我在心里想:就要到我了，会不会很疼呀?为了让自己不紧张，我做了一会儿作业。

当医生叫到我时，我的.心砰砰直跳，医生让我坐下来，他拿起一根细细的银针，刚在我身上灸了几个穴位，旁边的爷爷、奶奶就直夸我：“这个孩子多勇敢啊!”其实，我眼睛里已经有了很多泪水，但我一直忍着，不让它们流下来。

可是，刚过了一会儿，我实在忍不住了，就哇哇大哭起来。

终于，听到医生说了一句：“针好了。

”我一下子就不哭了。

Today, my grandparents accompanied me to acupuncture. When I got there, I was not busy at all. I thought in my heart: it's coming to me, will it hurt? In order to make myself not nervous, I did my homework for a while. When the doctor called me, my heart pounded. The doctor asked me to sit down. He picked up a thin silver needle and just moxibustion a few acupoints on me. The grandfather and grandmother beside me praised me: "how brave this child is!" in fact, I had a lot of tears in my eyes, but I kept them from flowing down. However, just after a while, I couldn't help but cry. Finally, the doctor said, "the needle is ready." I don't cry for a second.。

非遗文化中国针灸PPT

针灸起源
针灸治疗方法是在漫长的历史过程中形成的，其学术思想也随着临床医学经验的积累渐渐完善。1973年长沙马王堆三号墓出土的医学帛书中有《足臂十一脉灸经》和《阴阳十一脉灸经》，论述了十一条脉的循行分布、病候表现和灸法治疗等，已形成了完整的经络系统。
针灸起源
CHINESE ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION
发展历史
清初至民国时期，针灸医学由兴盛逐渐走向衰退。
1840年鸦片战争后帝国主义入侵中国，加之当时的统治者极力歧视和消灭中医，针灸更加受到了摧残。尽管如此，由于针灸治病深得人心，故在民间仍广为流传。
民国时期政府曾下令废止中医，许多针灸医生为保存和发展针灸学术这一祖国医学文化的瑰宝，成立了针灸学社，编印针灸书刊，开展针灸函授教育等，近代著名针灸学家承淡安先生为振兴针灸学术作出了毕生贡献。在此时期，中国共产党领导下的革命根据地，明确提倡西医学习和应用针灸治病，在延安的白求恩国际和平医院开设针灸门诊，开创了针灸正式进入综合性医院的先河。
针灸是针法和灸法的总称
CHINESE ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION
壹
针灸疗法最早见于战国时代问世的《黄帝内经》一书。《黄帝内经》说：“藏寒生满病，其治宜灸”，便是指灸术，其中详细描述了九针的形制，并大量记述了针灸的理论与技术。两千多年来针灸疗法一直在中国流行，并传播到了世界。而针灸的出现，则更早。
发展历史
中华人民共和国成立以来，十分重视继承发扬祖国医学遗产，制定了中医政策，并采取了一系列措施发展中医事业，使针灸医学得到了前所未有的普及和提高。50年代初期，率先成立了卫生部垆的针灸疗法实验所，即当中国中医研究院针灸研究所的前身。随之，全国各地相继成立了针灸的研究、医疗、教学机构，从此以后《针灸学》列入了中医院校学生的必修课，绝大多数中医院校开设了针灸专业，针灸人才辈出。

新时代交互英语读写译1_4中国文化部分翻译全集

Book 11 中国龙对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。

中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。

中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。

在中国人的心目中，龙具有振奋腾飞、开拓变化的寓意和团结凝聚的精神。

Chinese DragonDragon totem worship in China has been around for the last 8,000 year. The ancients in China considered the dragon (or long) a fetish that combines animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena. The Chinese dragon was formed in accordance with the multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation. To the Chinese, the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion.2 饺子饺子是深受中国人民喜爱的传统特色食品。

相处为古代医圣张仲景发明。

饺子的制作是包括：1）擀皮、2）备馅、3）包馅水煮三个步骤。

其特点是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，百食不厌。

民间有“好吃不过饺子”的俗语。

中国人接亲待友、逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习俗，寓意吉利。

对崇尚亲情的中国人来讲，“更岁饺子”吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的内容。

DumplingsDumplings are one of the Chinese people’s favorite traditional dishes. According to an ancient Chinese legend, dumplings were first made by the medical saint- Zhang zhongjing. There are three steps involved in making dumplings: 1) make dumplingwrappers out of dumpling flour; 2) prepare the dumpling stuffing; 3) make dumplings and boil them. With thin and elastic dough skin, fresh and tender stuffing, delicious taste, and unique sh apes, dumplings are worth eating hundreds of times. There’s an old saying that claims, “Nothing could be more delicious than dumplings.” During the Spring Festival and other holidays, or when treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the auspicious custom of eating dumplings. To Chinese people who show high reverence for family love, having dumplings at the moment the old year is replaced by the new is an essential part of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new year.3 针灸针灸是中医学的重要组成部分。

中医专业英语课后术语汉译英练习全部题库

1.中国医药学traditional Chinese medicine; TCM2.中医基础理论basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine3.临床经验clinical experience4.辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation5.杂病miscellaneous diseases6.中药学Chinese pharmacy7.四气五味four properties and five tastes8.针灸acupuncture and moxibustion; acumox9.古代中国哲学classical Chinese philosophy10.汗法sweating therapy; diaphoresis11.下法purgation12.吐法vomiting therapy; emetic therapy13.补土派the School of Reinforcing the Earth14.病因学etiology15.方剂prescription; formula16.医疗实践medical practice17.治疗原则therapeutic principles18.寒凉药物herbs cold and cool in nature19.滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire20.瘀血致病diseases caused by blood stasis1.五脏five zang-organs; five zang-viscera2.六腑six fu-organs3.经络系统system of meridians and collaterals4.整体观念holism5.有机整体organic wholeness6.社会属性social attribute7.开窍(of the five zang-organs) open into8.生长化收藏sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store9.诊断学diagnostics10.邪正关系relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi11.治疗学therapeutics12.风寒感冒common cold due to wind and cold13.同病异治different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease14.异病同治the same therapeutic method used to treat different diseases15.水液代谢平衡balance of water metabolism16.清心火clearing away heart fire17.疾病本质nature of disease18.以左治右treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side19.从阴引阳drawing yang from yin20.病在上者下取之treating the lower part for curing diseases located on theupper part第三课1.哲学概念philosophical concept2.相互转化mutual transformation3.阴平阳秘balance of yin and yang4.阴阳转化transformation between yin and yang5.寒极生热extreme cold turning into heat6.病理变化pathological changes7.绝对偏盛absolute predominance8.病机总纲general rule of pathogenesis9.补其不足supplementing what it lacks of10.祛风散寒eliminating wind and dispersing cold11.相互消长mutually inhibiting and promoting12.相互制约mutually inhibiting and restraining13.相互依存interdependence14.阴胜则阳病excess of yin leading to decline of yang15.相反相成contrary and supplementary to each other16.有机整体organic whole17.阳损及阴impairment of yang involving yin18.阴阳两虚deficiency of both yin and yang19.虚寒证deficiency cold syndrome20.潜阳熄风suppressing yang and eliminating wind第四课1.五行学说the doctrine of five elements; the theory of five phases2.条达舒畅free development3.生我、我生to be generated and to generate4.生中有制restraint in generation5.木曰曲直Wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally.6.土爰稼穑Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping.7.水曰润下Water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing.8.相乘相侮over restriction and counter-restriction9.土虚木乘Wood over restricts earth because it is deficient.10.生克制化promotion, restriction, inhibition and transformation11.母病及子disorder of a mother-organ involving its child-organ12.肝肾精血不足insufficiency of essence and blood in the liver and kidney13.心肝血虚blood deficiency in the heart and liver14.心火亢盛exuberant fire in the heart15.肝阴不足insufficiency of liver yin16.肾阳式微declination of kidney yang17.脾胃虚弱weakness of the spleen and stomach18.平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach19.肾阴不足insufficiency of kidney yin20.水火不济imbalance between water and fire第五课1.藏象学说doctrine of visceral manifestations2.五脏六腑five zang-organs and six fu-organs3.奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs4.水谷精微nutrients of water and food5.传化水谷transmitting and transforming water and food6.贮藏精气storing essence7.表里关系internal and external relationship8.治疗效应therapeutic effects9.临床实践clinical practice10.藏而不泻storage without discharge11.泻而不藏discharge without storage12.形体诸窍physical build and various orifices13.开窍(of five zang-organs) open into14.精神情志spirit and emotions15.心藏神the heart storing spirit16.肺藏魄the lung storing corporeal soul17.肝藏魂the liver storing ethereal soul18.脾藏意the spleen storing consciousness19.肾藏志the kidney storing will20.其华在面the luster manifesting upon the face第六课1.心主血脉the heart governing blood and vessels2.心气充沛sufficiency of heart qi3.面色红润rosy complexion4.血液充盈sufficiency of blood5.脉道不利unsmooth vessels6.面色无华lusterless complexion7.脉象细弱thin and weak pulse8.心藏神the heart storing spirit9.汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin10.升降出入ascending, descending, going out and going in11.宣发肃降dispersion, purification and descent12.通调水道regulating water passage13.脾主运化the spleen governing transportation and transformation14.水谷精微nutrients of water and food15.水液停滞stoppage of water and fluid16.后天之本acquired base of life17.调畅气机regulating qi activity18.肝气上逆upward adverse flow of liver qi19.先天之精innate essence20.肾主纳气the kidney receiving qi第七课1.奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs2.孤腑isolated fu-organ3.腐熟水谷digest water and food4.魄门anus5.肝之余气remaining part of liver qi6.上焦upper energizer7.泌别清浊separating the lucid from the turbid8.食物残渣residue of foods9.大肠主津The large intestine governs thin body fluid10.精汁bile11.小肠主液The small intestine governs thick body fluid12.初步消化primary digestion13.精气essential qi14.七冲门the seven important portals15.胆主决断The gallbladder is responsible for making judgment16.排泄糟粕discharge waste17.月经来潮occurrence of menstruation18.吸门epiglottis19.形态中空morphological hollowness20.传化水谷transporting and transforming water and food第八课1.先天禀赋innateness2.精微物质nutrients; refined substance3.血液运行blood circulation4.水液代谢water metabolism5.气的运动形式way of qi movement6.气的升降出入运动ascending, descending, exiting and entering movementsof qi7.气机调畅normal function of qi activity8.生命的原动力primary motive force of life9.温养脏腑warming and nourishing the viscera10.脏腑经络之气qi of the viscera and meridians11.气机qi activity12.气化qi transformation13.先天之气innate qi14.后天之气acquired qi15.正气healthy qi16.邪气pathogenic factors17.元气primordial qi18.宗气thoracic qi19.营气nutritive qi20.卫气defensive qi第九课1.气生血qi promoting the production of blood2.气行血qi promoting the flow of blood3.气摄血qi commanding blood4.血载气blood carrying qi5.血生气blood generating qi6.气生津液qi promoting the production of body fluid7.气行津液qi promoting the flow of body fluid8.气摄津液qi commanding body fluid9.津液载气body fluid carrying qi10.津液生气body fluid generating qi11.津血同源body fluid and blood sharing the same origin12.气随液脱exhaustion of qi due to loss of body fluid13.气随血脱exhaustion of qi due to hemorrhage14.气随津泄loss of qi due to profuse sweating15.气行则血行，气滞则血瘀Normal flow of qi ensures normal flow of bloodwhile stagnation of qi causes stagnation of blood.16.气为血帅，血为气母Qi commands the blood and the blood carries qi.17.气行则水行，气滞则水滞Normal flow of qi ensures normal flow of bodyfluid while stagnation of qi causes stagnation of body fluid.18.益气固脱nourishing qi to stop collapse19.亡血家不可发汗Sweating therapy should be not be used to treat patientssuffering from hemorrhage.20.夺血者无汗Sweating therapy should not be used to treat hemorrhage.第十课1.经络学说theory of meridians and collaterals2.经络系统system of meridians and collaterals3.运行全身transporting qi and blood to the whole body4.联络脏腑肢节being connected with the viscera and limbs5.循行路线running routes6.十二正经twelve regular meridians7.循行部位和交接顺序the regions through or along which the meridians runand the order by which the meridians are connected with each other8.络属关系(of a collateral) pertaining to a certain meridian9.奇经八脉eight extraordinary vessels (meridians)10.十二经别branches of the twelve regular meridians11.别络divergent collaterals12.十二皮部skin divisions of the twelve regular meridians13.十二经筋tendons of the twelve regular meridians14.经络之气qi of meridians15.经络辨证syndrome differentiation of meridians and collaterals16.经络感传meridian conduction17.经络现象meridian manifestations18.经络阻滞blockage of meridians19.舒经活络oothing meridians and activating collaterals20.刺络拔罐collateral pricking and cupping therapy第十一课1.外感六淫six exogenous pathogenic factors2.饮食劳倦improper diet and overstrain3.风寒感冒common cold due to wind-cold4.湿热泄泻diarrhea due to damp-heat/damp-heat diarrhea5.内生五邪five endogenous pathogenic factors6.风邪外袭pathogenic wind attacking the exterior7.游走性关节疼痛migratory arthralgia/joint pain8.风为百病之长wind being the leading pathogenic factor9.感受寒邪attacked/invaded by pathogenic cold10.阳气衰退decline of yang qi11.寒性凝滞cold tending to stagnate by nature12.腠理闭塞stagnation of interstitial space13.经脉拘急收引spasm and contraction of muscles and tendons14.湿邪困脾pathogenic dampness obstructing the spleen15.脾阳不振inactivation of spleen-yang16.阴虚生内热production of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency17.热极生风extreme heat producing wind18.七情内伤internal impairment due to yin deficiency19.饮食不节improper diet20.暴饮暴食engorgement第十二课1.疾病的发生、发展与变化occurrence, development, and changes of disease2.体质强弱(body )constitutional state3.气血功能紊乱dysfunction of qi and blood4.多种多样的病理变化various pathological changes5.邪正盛衰exuberance or decline of pathogenic factors and healthy qi/strength contrast between pathogenic factors and healthy qi6.病症的虚实变化deficiency or excess changes of disease /transformationbetween deficiency and excess during a disease7.人体的抗病能力the human body’ resistance against diseases8.五心烦热feverish sensation over the five centers (palms, soles, and chest)9.虚实夹杂deficiency complicated with excess10.疾病转归turnover of disease/prognosis of disease11.阴阳偏盛relative predominance of yin or yang12.五志过极extreme changes of five emotions13.精气夺则虚depletion of essence causing deficiency14.阴阳互损mutual consumption of yin and yang15.真热假寒或假寒真热true heat and false cold; false cold and true heat16.气机郁滞不畅stagnation of qi activity17.津液代谢失常disorder of fluid metabolism18.寒从中生endogenous cold/ cold originating from the interior19.津伤化燥fluid consumption producing dryness20.风气内动stirring of endogenous wind/disturbance of endogenous wind第十三课1.神色形态spirit, complexion, and physical conditions2.精神活动mental activities3.精充气足sufficient essence and abundant qi4.表情淡漠apathetic facial expressions5.主色与客色normal complexion and varied normal complexion6.四肢抽搐convulsion of the limbs7.湿热动风stirring of wind due to damp-heat8.邪毒内陷interior sinking of pathogenic toxin9.肌肤甲错scaly skin/ squamous and dry skin10.饥不欲食hunger without appetite11.四诊合参combined use of the four diagnostic methods12.面部表情facial expressions13.预后良好favorable prognosis14.精神不振dispiritedness15.五色主病five colors indicating diseases / diagnostic significance of five colors16.口眼歪斜facial distortion17.虚火上炎flaming of deficient fire18.大肠热结retention of heat in the large intestine19.光剥舌uncoated tongue/ mirror-like tongue20.脉象pulse manifestations第十五课1.辨证论治treatment with syndrome differentiation/ treatment according tosyndrome differentiation2.表里同病disease involving both exterior and interior/ simultaneous disorderof exterior and interior3.寒热错杂simultaneous occurrence of cold and heat/ mixture of cold and heat4.里邪出表regression of interior pathogenic factors to the exterior5.真寒假热true cold and false heat6.恶寒与恶热aversion to cold and aversion to heat7.口淡不渴tasteless sensation in the mouth without thirst8.寒邪郁而化热transformation of stagnated pathogenic cold into heat9.外感表虚exterior-deficiency syndrome due to exogenous pathogens10.五心烦热feverish sensation over five centers11.病位与病性location and nature of disease12.虚实夹杂mixture of deficiency and excess/co-existence of deficiency andexcess13.表邪入里invasion of exterior pathogenic factors into the interior14.寒证化热cold syndrome transforming into heat syndrome15.真热假寒true heat and false cold16.热证转寒heat syndrome transforming into cold syndrome17.舌淡苔白而润滑pale tongue with white, moist and slippery fur18.脉数无力rapid and weak pulse19.潮热盗汗tidal fever and night sweating20.神昏谵语coma with delirium第十六课1.中草药Chinese medicinal herbs2.四气五味four properties and five flavors3.入药部分the part used for medical purpose4.药物采集collection of herbs5.炮制processing of herbs6.清除杂质eliminating impurity7.作用和缓mild effect8.发散解表relieving exterior syndrome by dispersion9.收敛固涩astringing and checking10.软坚润下lubricant purgation by softening hardness11.燥湿健脾drying dampness to invigorate the spleen12.升降沉浮ascending, descending, sinking and floating13.归经channel tropism/channel distribution of medicines14.用药禁忌medication contraindication15.药物用量Dosage16.辛温解表药pungent and warm herbs with the function of relieving exteriorsyndrome17.祛风湿药herbs for expelling wind and dampness18.十八反、十九畏eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteen herbs of mutualantagonism19.清热凉血药herbs for clearing away heat and cooling blood20.祛痰止咳药herbs for eliminating phlegm and stopping cough第十七课1.方剂学Science of prescription2.配伍关系Compatibility3.组成规律prescription-formulating principle4.方剂的加减modification of prescriptions5.剂型与剂量drug form and dosage6.君臣佐使monarch, minister, assistant and guide7.药物毒性toxicity of medicinal herbs8.缓和药性moderating the property of herbs9.引经报使guiding action10.调和诸药mediating all herbs in a prescription11.温经散寒warming channels to dissipate cold12.宣肺平喘dispersing lung to relieve asthma13.灵活化裁flexible modification14.清散郁热clearing away and dispersing stagnated heat15.随症加减modification according to symptoms16.药物饮片processed herbs17.内服散剂power for oral taking18.外用膏剂medicinal extract for external application19.开水冲服mixed in boiled water for oral taking20.浓缩浸膏condensed extract。

每周一译维基百科中的针灸

每周一译维基百科中的针灸【编者的话】西方人很重视维基百科，把他视为学问的入门渠道。

非专业人员对知识的获取，常常使用维基百科。

因此，维基百科对人们的影响巨大。

今天我们来看看维基百科对针灸的理解。

从我们中国人来理解，这些观点常常错误，甚至不可理喻。

不过，我们依旧刊登出来，让大家知道西人科学界对针灸的看法，让大家明白我们任重道远，让大家明白我们工作的国际意义。

符仲华原文链接：/wiki/Acupuncture针刺疗法针刺疗法是一种替代疗法，这种方法将细针刺入人体以治疗疾病，是中国传统医学的重要组成部分。

中医理论和实践不是建立在科学实证的基础上，针刺疗法还不能称为科学。

针刺的理论复杂多样，操作也各各不同，不同的技术也会随着国家的不同而产生差异。

针刺方法在美国有广泛运用，通常用于缓解疼痛，不过，也应用于其他病症。

多数情况下，针刺疗法并不单独使用，常与其他治疗方式结合使用。

各种不同研究的结论以及对针刺疗法的系统评价常常不一致。

对大量科克伦综述（Cochrane review）的综合研究，发现针刺对很多疾病无效。

即使对疼痛治疗，针刺有效的证据似乎也不足。

也有证据表明，短时间的针刺虽然短期效果，但没有长期疗效。

也有一些研究提示浮针能够缓解疼痛，可是大部分研究认为这种效果主要来自于安慰剂。

针刺的镇痛效应还缺乏临床证据，说不清楚。

Meta分析针刺治疗腰痛的成本效益与一般的辅助治疗手段没有区别，不过其他研究并不赞同这样的结论。

一般来说，针刺疗法是安全的，只是需要由受过适当训练的专业人员使用清洁针技术和单用针来实施。

施术得当，针刺导致很微小的不适。

如果发生事故和感染，通常与无菌技术不过关，或者操作者粗枝大叶。

原文：Acupuncture[note 1] is a form of alternative medicine[2] in which thinneedles are inserted into the body.[3] It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge,[4] and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.[5][6] There are a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies,[7] and techniques vary depending on the country.[8] The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the US.[2] It is most often used for pain relief,[9][10] though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions. Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment.[11]The conclusions of many trials and numerous systematic reviews of acupuncture are largely inconsistent.[9][12] An overview of Cochrane reviews found that acupuncture is not effective for a wide range of conditions.[12] A systematic review of systematic reviews found little evidence of acupuncture's effectiveness in treating pain.[9] The evidence suggests that short-term treatment with acupuncture does not produce long-term benefits.[13] Some research results suggest acupuncture can alleviate pain, though the majority of research suggeststhat acupuncture's effects are mainly dueto the placebo effect.[8] A systematicreview concluded that the analgesic effectof acupuncture seemed to lack clinicalrelevance and could not be clearlydistinguished from bias.[14] A meta-analysis found that acupuncture forchronic low back pain was cost-effective asan adjunct to standard care,[15] while asystematic review found insufficientevidence for the cost-effectiveness ofacupuncture in the treatment of chroniclow back pain.[16]Acupuncture is generally safe when done by an appropriately trained practitioner using clean needle technique and single-use needles.[17][18] When properly delivered, it has a low rate of mostly minor adverse effects.[3][17] Accidents and infections are associated with infractions of sterile technique or neglect of the practitioner.[18]。

针灸双语翻译

（一）询问问题的技巧一、自然的引出话题b)、多用开放式提问题例如，“请问有什么不舒服的吗？”以这样的方式开始和患者的交流。

ｃ)、如果诊断的前半时间交流还没确定病情，可以加一些封闭式的问题。

ｄ)、如果同患者交流时间长了，要不时的总结一下让患者惊醒确认e)、如果患者难以展开话题，有些话难以表达时，医生可以先问一些轻松的话题，在开始开放是问题。

３)、回答方法３－１)、评价的态度回答例如患者“我已经停止使用含盐分的食物了。

”医生“你做的很好，很用心呀！”患者“那种疼法，我以为会死呢！”医生“你也太夸张了吧！”患者被给予好的评价时，会更有勇气；被给予坏的评价就会觉得被为难了。

有可能接下来的交流就难以顺利进行了。

３－２)、用调查的方式提问医生“由于紧张导致头疼的例子很多，你的工作怎们样呢？”患者接受询问，在彼此不是相互信赖的时，也许有些不适合。

但是可以获得很多信息。

3－3）、解说的方式回答例如医生“这病是因为劳累太过吧！”准确的解说能消除患者的不安，但是如果和病人的想法有出入时，可能会破坏患者与医生间的信任关系。

３－４)、支持的态度回答例如医生“病成这样怪不得呢”“请别这样说，加油呀”虽然病人的不安心理暂时解除了，相信并依赖医生了，心情也放松了，也可能还有些不信任。

但是遇到抑郁症的病人，这样反而会有给病人造成负担的危险。

３－５)、同情的态度回答患者“我浑身都疼，是不是活不久了。

”医生“你浑身都疼，认为自己时日不多了是吧”患者的苦痛自己好像感同身受。

让患者觉得安心，建立有效的信任关系。

4）、进行观察这也是为了好好了解患者的内心必须掌握的技巧A 情绪的变化a、通过言语表达感情。

患者会在自己言语中运用一些点感情色彩（喜怒哀乐）的词语表现自己的情感，这是很难重要的信息。

如果难以从中发现什么有用信息时，医生可以问一些亦有患者表现感情的问题，是很好的。

例如，“你对这些事情有什么看法呢”B、声音的变化1、注意患者的语速患者在被问及关系重大的问题时会迟疑，甚至沉默。