Analyze the modernistic elements in the form and c
Analyzing the atomic structure of elements
Analyzing the atomic structure ofelementsElements are the basic building blocks of matter. Everything around us - from the air we breathe to the food we eat - is made up of elements. The atomic structure of elements is the key to understanding their properties and behavior. In this article, we will explore the atomic structure of elements and how it affects their physical and chemical properties.The AtomThe atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the chemical properties of an element. Atoms are made up of three basic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, the central region of the atom. Electrons orbit the nucleus in shells or energy levels.Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, and electrons have a negative charge. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the identity of the element. For example, all carbon atoms have six protons, while all oxygen atoms have eight protons.The number of neutrons in the nucleus can vary, but the number of neutrons plus the number of protons determines the atomic mass of the atom. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. For example, carbon-12 has six protons and six neutrons, while carbon-14 has six protons and eight neutrons.Electrons orbit the nucleus in shells or energy levels. The first shell can hold two electrons, while the second and third shells can hold up to eight electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom, and they are involved in chemical reactions.Electronic ConfigurationThe electronic configuration of an element refers to the arrangement of its electrons in the various shells or energy levels. Understanding the electronic configuration is important because it determines how an element will react with other elements and how it will behave in different conditions.The electronic configuration of an element can be determined using the periodic table. Each element is assigned a unique atomic number, which corresponds to the number of protons in the nucleus. The periodic table is arranged so that elements with similar electronic configurations are in the same column or group.For example, the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table have one valence electron, while the elements in Group 2 have two valence electrons. The elements in Group 17 have seven valence electrons, while those in Group 18 have eight valence electrons.Periodic TrendsThe atomic structure of elements affects their physical and chemical properties. Understanding the periodic trends can help us predict how elements will behave in different conditions.Atomic radius refers to the size of an atom. The atomic radius decreases across a period (from left to right) because there are more protons in the nucleus, which attract the electrons more strongly. The atomic radius increases down a group (from top to bottom) because there are more energy levels, which shield the outermost electrons from the nucleus.Electronegativity refers to the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond. The electronegativity increases across a period because the atoms are smaller and more electronegative. The electronegativity decreases down a group because the atoms are larger and less electronegative.Ionization energy refers to the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. The ionization energy increases across a period because the atoms are smaller and the valence electrons are closer to the nucleus. The ionization energy decreases down a group because the atoms are larger and the valence electrons are farther from the nucleus.ConclusionThe atomic structure of elements is the key to understanding their properties and behavior. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons, and the number and arrangement of these particles determines the identity of the element. The electronic configuration of an element is important because it determines how it will react with other elements and how it will behave in different conditions. Understanding the periodic trends can help us predict how elements will behave in different situations.。
英语精读6课文讲解
目录
• Background of the text and introduction of the author
• Text interpretation and recommendation • Vocabulary and Phrase Expansion and
Autonomous can be expressed as "independence" or "self direction."
Mastery can be rephrased as "professionalism" or "expertise."
Intrinsic motivation can be substituted with "internal drive" or "personal initiative."
Gerund vs. infinities
Discussion of the similarities and differences between gerund (- ing forms) and infinities (to+base verb), with examples of how they are used in presence
Key presence analysis and translation skills
Identify key senses that express the main idea or theme of the article
Analyze the presence structure, including subject, predicate, object, and modifiers, to understand its meaning
伍尔夫《一间自己的房间》的女性主义解读【lunwen+开题+综述】
BI YE LUN WEN（20_ _届）英语伍尔夫《一间自己的房间》的女性主义解读A Feminism Reading of Virgina Woof’s ARoom of One’s Own内容摘要弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫是20世纪文坛上的一名杰出的女作家，她被尊为意识流小说的鼻祖之一，与乔伊斯、福克纳等意识流小说大师齐名。
同时，她又被尊为西方当代女性主义的“母亲”，她认为女性应该在经济上和精神上独立，并拥有自己的生活空间和精神空间。
此外，还要勇于表达自我的真实想法。
她认为女性主义的最终目的是消解两性之间的对立，以达到两者的和谐状态。
因此，她在《一间自己的房间》中提出了“双性同体”理论。
本文试图从女性主义角度解读《一间自己的屋子》，分析伍尔夫的女性主义思想，以期更好的理解文学中的女性主义。
伍尔夫的女性主义思想在21世纪的今天仍有极强的思考意义。
关键字：弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫；独立；空间；双性同体；女性主义AbstractVirginia Woolf is an outstanding woman novelist in 20th century. She has been regarded as one of the representatives of the stream of consciousness, enjoying equal popularity with Joyce and Faulkner. Meanwhile, she is regarded as the mother of modern feminism in the west. She thinks that females should be financially and spiritually independent and have their own living space and spiritual space. In addition, women also need to express themselves bravely and sincerely. She considers the final goal of feminism is to dispel the opposition between males and females and to reach a harmonious state. Therefore, she proposes the theory of androgyny in A Room of One's Own. This thesis tries to discuss A Room of One's Own from the angle of feminism, and analyze Woolf's feminism so as to seek a broader understanding of feminism literature in general. Studying Woolf still has a profound meaning in 21st century.Key words:Virginia Woolf; independence; space; androgyny; feminismContentsAbstract (ii)1 Introduction (4)2 What’s feminism (5)2.1 The etymology of the term "feminism" (6)2.2 T he definition of the term “feminism” (6)2.3 Virginia's concepts of feminism (7)3 Virginia’s feminist idea in A Room of One’s Own (7)3.1 Economic independence (8)3.2 Having a room of one's own (10)3.2.1 Living space (10)3.2.2 Spiritual space (11)3.3 Establishing female's value (11)3.4 The pursuit of androgyny (11)4 Factors leading to Virginia’s feminist view (14)4.1 Her parents’s influence (14)4.2 The Bloomsbury Group’s influence (16)4.3 Sexual Assault by her brothers (17)4.4 The Industri al Revolution and the Women’s Right Movement (17)5 Conclusion (18)Bibliography (47)Acknowledgements (18)1 IntroductionVirginia Woolf (1882-1941), is a famous woman novelist in the 20th century and she is one of the important modernist novelists. Meanwhile, she is one of the representatives of the stream of consciousness, enjoying equal popularity with Joyce and Faulkner. What's more, she is regarded as the mother of modern feminism in the west.Literary criticism of Virginia Woolf has proliferated since the1980s. Some critics appraise her works and some appraise her person; some analyze her work’s consciousness, and some analyze her feminism; some study her works from ethics, some from aesthetics, some from homosexuality, some from psychology. She is not only a great writer, but also a "forerunner, indeed the 'mother' of the contemporary Anglo-American feminism” as Zhu Gang describes. (Z hu Gang 2006: 342) As for her feminism, some criticize her feminism as an extreme type for they think her represented idea of feminism—androgyny means she intends to replace male value with female value; some criticize her deviating the feminism for they think she couldn't bear her own female identity, so she had to give up to the patriarchal society and swamped in the mud of utopian thought of androgyny; while the others praise it highly for it is an advancement in the stage of feminism's development.Xu Wei analyzes Woolf's feminism, both as a theoretical analysis of gender inequality and oppression, and as a political movement. Her paper analyzes that Woolf how to analyze the question of "women writing" in the theory and how to practice it in her writing. Woolf is concerned with the nature of womanhood. The focus on women characters in Woolf's fiction is central to much early feminist criticism, as well as non- or anti-feminist criticism. To an extent, "anger" and "androgyny" are the two terms most central to feminist debates on Woolf. Their centrality serves to further increase the importance of A Room of One's Own as the key text of Woolf's feminism and feminism's Woolf, for it is here that "anger" and "androgyny" are most fully discussed. And A Room of One's Own is seen by many critics to subdue and repress women's anger in favor of a more serene gender—transcendent or androgynous creativity. (Xu Wei, 2004: 38-39) Wu Qinghong tries to analyze, to show and to criticize Virginia's feminism in the development of western feminism. And she indeed did it, comprehensively andintensively. Her main viewpoint is that Virginia Woolf is the most important representative person in the history of feminism's development. Woolf's analysis on feminism corrected the shortage of feminism in 1890s to 1990s, which emphasized the equality between men and women on law. What's more, her feminism inspired the new feminist in 1960s and 1970s to deconstruct male's political and cultural supremacy and establish female's visual angle, which predicted the development direction of post-feminism in 1990s. (Wu Qinghong, 2005: 5) Ma Tingting draws a conclusion that Woolf's feminism is not a panacea for all women, but an occidental one with intense tendency of racialism.(Ma Tingting, 2006: i-ii) Wu Haixia probes the unique feminist thoughts of Virginia Woolf, which she thinks are quite different from most of the other feminists. It is clearly that since the appearance of feminism, the oppositions between men and women have been highlighted, and feminism is related to the marginalization of all women, with their being relegated to a secondary position. Most feminists hold their views that the social culture is a patriarchal culture. Woolf realizes that women are confronted with inequalities and exclusion in the patriarchal society. Woolf witnesses the efforts and achievements the feminists have made to get equal rights and positions with men, whereas she airs her view that the final goal of feminism is to deconstruct the binary oppositions between the two sexes. She presents her famous theory of "androgyny" in A Room of One's Own. She argues that androgyny is the best state of mind for writing, in which a writer can make perfect artistic expression. (Wu Haixia, 2007: ii)Woolf criticizes the patriarchal society in her works, and prompts us to reexamine the history of human by a female angle to create a new civilization. Her ideology and perception opens and enlightens the idea of feminism in many aspects. This paper tries to analyze Woolf's concepts of feminism through the reading of A Room of One's Own, to get a further understanding on feminism, which can also help deepen Chinese female’s comprehension of feminism.2 What’s feminismAt the very beginning of this paper, a basic question needs to be answered. That is what feminism is? In the academic circles of Europe and America, "feminism" generally refers to any activities to strive for and tick up for the right of females. It has several hundred years' history and has complex contents. Therefore, it is difficultto define it.2.1 The etymology of the term "feminism"The term "feminism" is derived directly from the Latin word fēmina,which means woman. This term and its derivatives originated in France during the late 19th century. The first person who called herself feminist was a French suffragette activist, Hubertine Auclert(1848-1914).She first used this term in her periodical called La Citoyenne in 1880.(Cai Qing, 2005: 3) However, although this term was used in her periodicals, it was not popular among women advocates who were rather moderate. Instead of "feminist", these women called their organization "feminine". It was not until the beginning of the 20th century when "feminism" became accepted by most women suffragette activists.2.2 The definition of the term “feminism”In broad sense, feminism can be defined as social movement, which takes eliminating sex discrimination and ending the oppression on women as its political goals. It also includes the revolution in ideology and culture which emerged from the process for pursuing its political goals. In this sense, feminists represent those who devote themselves in this movement sincerely, and any males and females who take part in the revolution of ideology and culture. In its narrow sense, feminism refers to a kind of methodology that regards and analyses a question in a gender perspective.Feminism now stands for a movement or philosophy that questions the unequal balance of power between men and women. Feminists fight for equality between men and women. The term "feminism" has become the name for the women's movement, the quest for social changes aimed at improving the position of women. Feminism is defined both as "the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes " and " organize activity on behalf of women's rights and interests".（Merriam-Webster, 2003: 461) Hence, the term feminism is not only about the struggle for political rights. It is a system of ideas and a social movement, directed towards opposing men's privilege of position and women's subordination. This term contains redistribution of power and recognition of sex equality.2.3 Virginia's concepts of feminismVirginia Woolf is not only a female writer, but also a pioneer of feminism. Her essential contribution to feminism is her perseverance that social and economic elements are critical to shape women's creativity and perception. According to her idea, women play a historical role to join in the creation of human civilization, especially the arts. What she emphasizes is that females should face the reality and think things that related to them instead of thinking things that concerned men. Therefore, she puts forward the idea that females should set up a literature of their own. To deal with the anger that appears in the process of writing and derives from the inequality between men and women, she proposes a concept of androgyny. An androgynous mind is the best state of mind for doing literary creation. However, it causes a heated debate among later feminists. Although it is controversial, she creates a bright future for females.Virginia's view of feminism is embodied intensively in the idea of androgyny. Androgyny has more than one meaning. It may refer to the anatomical coexistence of two sorts of sex organs in the same body; or else to the allegory of a form of spiritual perfection. In other cases, it is related to the explicit coexistence of male and female qualities in the same entity. (Wu Haixia, 2007: 23-24) To put it simply, androgyny means full balance and command of an emotional range that includes male and female elements. She thinks the final goal for feminism is to eliminate the opposition between males and females. Virginia's feminism includes economic independence, spiritual independence. Her analysis on feminism corrected the shortage of feminism in 1890s to 1990s, which emphasized the equality between men and women on law. What's more, her view of feminism inspired the new feminist in 1960s and 1970s to deconstruct male's political and cultural supremacy and establish female's visual angle, predicting the orientation of post-feminism in 1990s.3 Virginia’s feminist idea in A Room of One’s OwnA Room of One's Own is Virginia's representative work of feminism. In October, 1928, Virginia Woolf was invited to give two academic speeches by Cambridge University. One was in the Art Society of Newnham, the other was in the Gordon women college. The lecture topic was Women and fiction. The next year, she published a brochure,which was written on the basis of these two lectures. Quickly, the booklet amazed the world with a single feat at that time. Up to now, it has become the most famous work and has most readers compared to her other works. It is universally acknowledged as a declaration of western feminism.The work---A Room of One's Own can be divided into six parts. The first part describes an experience in Oxbridge University fabricated by the author, which shows an unfair treatment that females received in a patriarchal society. The second part represents a phenomenon that the author found a large amount of books about women's problems written by men in the England museum. What’s worse, one professor claimed absolutely in his marvelous work that female's intelligence, physical power and morality are all lower than males. In the third part, the writer sketches a hypothetical "Judith" Shakespeare, sister of William, who is as brilliant and promising as he, but her talent is undoubtedly buried by the patriarchal society. Woolf traced back to the females' rough process for getting in the literature arena in the forth part. Aphra Behn (1640-1689), a playwright, novelist and poet of England, who is the first English female to became a professional writer in 17th century. Then women writers began to feel proud and elated. However, most English women writers had to use males' name as pen names to relieve their social pressure during the 19th century. In the fifth part, the author points out that it is necessary to strengthen females' awareness of knowing the difference between males and females. Only in this way, she thinks, females can realize the true value of themselves. In the last part, Virginia agrees with Samuel Taylor Coleridge's androgynous idea, believing that a writer's creative soul should have both masculinity and femininity. In other words, a person is a bisexuality instead of a unisexuality. A person is androgynous. When full balance and command of an emotional range that includes male and female elements reached, these men writers or women writers can create great works.3.1 Economic independenceFemales are facing an economic problem. As is known to all, economy is the basis of living. Women lose their economic source, when the patriarchal society excludes them from the public work, which causes them sink in a poor state. In reality, what females are engaged in are human beings' personal production and all kinds of necessary house works to maintain many families’ functions. When women are doingthese, they use up their physical power, energy, and even sacrifice their lives. However, these are all done in the area of family. Their yields often cannot leave any tangible fruits. For example, the cooked food will be eaten up, the washed clothes will be dirty after wearing again, and children who have been raised up will leave home to get in their own world. Don't these household labors have any value? Is there anybody who pays them salary? Therefore, these natural, non-commercial labors are excluded from the social labor by the patriarchal society, because they are only related with personal family members and they cannot create value directly. Since the unpaid labor take up most energy of females, they lose their subject position in the society and lose the source of finance. Therefore, if females want to get rid of the disadvantaged status imposed on them by history and reality, they should strive for the economic position. Just like what Woolf says in A Room of One's Own, women should have revenue of 500 pounds every year. She considers that the main reason why there are so less women writers is that our mother is too poor. For example, if Mary's mother " had gone into business; had become a manufacturer of artificial silk or a magnate on the Stock Exchange; if she had left two or three hundred thousand pounds to Fernham, we could have been sitting at our ease tonight and the subject of our talk might have been archaeology, botany anthropology, physics, the nature of the atom, mathematics, astronomy, relatively, geography. If only Mrs. Seton and her mother and her mother before her had learnt the great art of making money and had left their money, like their fathers and their grandfathers before them, to found fellowships and lectureships and prizes and scholarships appropriated to the use of their own sex, we might...have looked forward without undue confidence to a pleasant and honorable lifetime spent in the shelter of one of the liberally endowed professions. We might have been exploring or writing; mooning about the venerable places of the earth; sitting contemplative on the steps of the Parthenon, or going at ten to an office and coming home comfortably at half-past four to write a little poetry." (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 576) They haven't learned how to make money, how to manage their own property. For thousands of years, women are handling house works and rearing children, while men are doing business for making money. While princes and aristocrats use their properties to build many schools and libraries, women are rejected out of the colleges; they are restricted in a small circle of family. They have no rights to receive education. As a result of being deprived of enjoying rights of owning their ownproperty, females' desires for making money are constrained. The thousands of years' influence of patriarchal society places women in a penniless position.Women began to walk out of the household in 20th century. Thus, many women writers sprung up. We can see that for the latest hundred years, the appearance of many women writers are concerned with the rights women have achieved, especially the acquirement of economic right, which plays an important and positive role in art creating. Woolf herself also admitted that she and her sister obtained all their father's books after their father's death, so she could start her writing career. In A Room of One's Own, the narrator also repeatedly says that but for her aunt's 500 pounds' heritage, it might have been hard for her to break away most women's fate---working hard in the household or going out for earning money to keep the pot boiling. All in all, females should be independent in the economy.3.2 Having a room of one's ownVirginia said that “a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction." (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 555) It has been discussed that females should be financially independent. Now, it turns to a room of one's own. Having a room of one's own not only indicates that females should have their basic living space, but also means that females should have a comparatively free spiritual space.3.2.1 Living spaceIn the past, women were restrained in a small room, being busy at doing trivial house works all day. It was not uncommon that their works would be suspended. What's worse, they had to hide their works quietly to avoid being scoffed. Jane Austen is a good example in A Room of One's Own." For she had no separate study to repair to, and most of the work must have been done in the general sitting-room, subjecting to all kinds of casual interruptions. She was careful that her occupation should not be suspected by servants or any persons beyond her own family. Jane Austen hid her manuscripts or covered them with a piece of blotting-paper." (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 604) Therefore, having a living space for one's own plays an essential role in females' creation.3.2.2 Spiritual spaceMany women writers were born in rich families. They had money and their own living spaces. However, they depended on their parents so much that they didn't go out for traveling to broaden their eyes. They did what their fathers asked and even married to who their fathers picked for them. When they were children, they were subjected to their fathers; when they were married, they were obedient to their husbands; when they were old, they complied with their sons. It is just like the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues as specified in the ancient Chinese feudal ethical code. Women never had their own minds and their own spiritual space, they were not spiritually independent. Woolf pays more attention to the influences of patriarchal society on women's writing.3.3 Establishing female's valueWoolf finds that women's writing hasn't had their own tradition. Therefore, she proposes that females should set up their own value. To create females' literature or other careers, they have to take two times adventures. First of all, killing the "angel in the house", to be ourselves. Here, the "angel in the house" represents the stipulations that imposed on women by social norms and ideology of traditional culture. It also refers to females' conscious compliance to this oppression. They even turned patriarchal oppression and forbidden into their self requests and self-conscious actions. Facing this, Woolf realizes that the only way is to kill it, otherwise "she will kill me, she will dig out my heart of writing". The second adventure is to express truly the physical experience of ourselves. Women's requests suffered an extreme suppression and twist in the patriarchal society. According to Woolf, the consciousness that how a man will look at a woman who expresses her own real lust disturbs a female writer's imagination and damages her creativity. Therefore, expressing one's own real idea becomes an important means to remove the patriarchal ruling.3.4 The pursuit of androgynyAndrogyny is Woolf's social and literary ideal, but its premise is getting rid of the two sexes inequality and opposition, and the discrimination on females. Many feministsare unwilling to accept this viewpoint. For example, Elaine Showalter points out that "Woolf's androgyny is a female writer's reaction to her crag-fast condition". (Zhugang, 2006: 355) It is a utopia imagination of an ideal artist. Although it is quite controversial, it is a revolt to the creative standpoint of literature which regards male value as the unique standard. It is an initial deconstruction to the binary opposition of sex. It has a great influence on the generation of subsequent feminism theory and its criticism.Androgynous mind is central to Woolf's feminism. She defines it as "a mind that is reason; that transmits emotion without impediment; that is ceaselessly creative; incandescent; undivided. In fact one goes back to Shakespeare's mind as the type of the androgynous, the man-womanly mind." (Huangzhong, 2005: 23-24) Simply speaking, androgyny means full balance and command of an emotion range that includes male and female elements. She thinks that an androgynous mind is the best state of mind for doing literary creation.Woolf proposes at the beginning that "a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction." (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 555) However, she also points out that the economic problem is not the only element that impacts women's writing. A placid and healthy state of mind is also necessary. The narrator takes Lady Winchester as an example in the 4th chapter of A Room of One's Own. She was noble both by birth and by marriage; she was childless; she wrote poetry. Her mind was disturbed by alien emotions like fear and hatred, so her poems showed traces of that disturbance:How we are fallen! fallen by mistaken rules,And Education's more than Nature's fools;Debarred from all improvements of the mind,And to be dull, expected and designed;And if someone would soar above the rest,With warmer fancy, and ambition pressed,So strong the opposing faction still appears,The hopes to thrive can ne'er outweigh the fears.Yet it is clear that could she have freed her mind from hate and fear and not heaped it with bitterness and resentment, she could create pure poetry as follows:Nor will in fading skills compose,Faintly the inimitable rose. (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 599-600)Charlotte Brontěmay be another example. As we all know, she is an brilliant English novelist. However, Woolf finds that there is a certain shrillness arising out of her works. Although Woolf thinks that she is more genius than Jane Austen, her anger makes her books "deformed and twisted" (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 606). There is no doubt that a woman writer would become angry in a man-dominated society. She expresses her dissatisfaction in her famous work---Jane Eyre: “Women are supposed to be very calm generously: but women feel just as men feel; they need exercise for their faculties and a field for their efforts as much as their brothers do; they suffer from too rigid a restraint, too absolute a stagnation, precisely as men would suffer..." (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 606) As a consequence," She will write in a rage where she should write calmly. She will write foolishly where she should write wisely. She will write of herself where she should write of her characters. She is at war with her lot. How could she help but die young, cramped and thwarted?" (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 606)On the other hand, Jane Austen had been constantly disturbed when writing Pride and Prejudice. Therefore, Woolf thinks that the environment should have influenced her and she would write a better one if there were no disturbances. To Woolf's surprise, when she "read a page or two to see, but I could not find any signs that her circumstances had harmed her work in the slightest." (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 605) She thinks that because Austen wrote "without hate, without bitterness, without fear, without protest, without preaching. That was how Shakespeare wrote." And "when people compare Shakespeare and Jane Austen, they may mean that the minds of both had consumed all impediments; and for that reason we do not know Jane Austen and we do not know Shakespeare, and for that reason Jane Austen pervades every word that she wrote, and so does Shakespeare. (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 605)What is the difference between these two groups of examples? We can see that in the last chapter of this essay. The narrator gets the inspiration when she sees a very ordinary sight out of the window: a girl and a young man are coming down the street, meeting at the corner and getting into a cab. Then she sketches a plan of the soul so that "in each of us two powers preside, one male, one female; and in the man's brain the man predominates over the woman, and in the woman's brain the woman predominates over the man. The normal and comfortable state of being is that when the two live in harmony together, spiritually co-operating. If one is a man,still the woman part of his brain must have effect; and a woman also must have intercourse with the man in her. (Virginia Woolf, 2005: 623-624) She thinks that perhaps what Coleridge meant when he said that a great mind is androgynous.4 Factors leading to Virgini a’s feminist viewVirginia Woolf is a productive writer and a great feminist, but first of all she is a social being, so her ideas can not be separated from the factors leading to her feminist view. As a result, it is far from enough to know about her and her work only by knowing her talents and achievements. Her parents and the Bloomsbury Group are of great influence on her writing and her feminist ideas. Besides, there are sexual assault by her brothers, the Industrial Revolution and the Women’s Right Movemen t.4.1 H er parents’ influenceVirginia Woolf was born in a literary family. Her father was the distinguished Victorian author, critic and Alpinist, Sir Leslie Stephen (1832-1904), editor of the Cornhill Magazine (1871-82), of the Dictionary of National Biography (1882-90) and of the Alpine Journal (1868-72), who counted Thomas Hardy, Henry James and George Meredith among his friends (Jane Goldman, 2008: 3). Her mother was Julia Prinsep Stephen (1846-95), who was born Julia Prinsep Jackson, in India, the daughter of John and Maria Jackson. Her maternal grandmother, and Woolf’s great-grandmother and namesake, was Adelin (1793-1845), daughter of Antoine Chevalier de L’Etang and Thérèse Blin Grincourt,who married James Pattle (1775-1845) of the Bengal Civil Service (Jane Goldman, 2008: 4). There is no denying that her parents exerted great influence on her thinking. She was born in a large and well-to-do family, with learned father and mother, intelligence and wide social connection.Her father, Leslie Stephen, a widower, had married Julia Jackson in 1878. Between them they already had four children; after they got married, they had another four children: Vanessa, Thoby, Virginia and Adrian. This family was a typical patriarchal family of Victorian time. In the family, the patriarchs were in charge of everything, owing unassailable powers, capable of enforcing everything upon women. There is evidence in the article of Virginia Woolf and Leslie Stephen: History and。
高一英语艺术鉴赏练习题40题
高一英语艺术鉴赏练习题40题1.Which artist is famous for painting the “Mona Lisa”?A.PicassoB.Van GoghC.Da VinciD.Monet答案：C。
“Mona Lisa”《蒙娜丽莎》是达芬奇的著名作品。
选项A 毕加索以立体主义作品著名；选项B 梵高的作品有 星夜》等；选项D 莫奈以印象派画作闻名。
2.The painting “Starry Night” is created by which artist?A.RenoirB.CezanneC.Van GoghD.Gauguin答案：C。
星夜》是梵高的作品。
选项A 雷诺阿是印象派画家；选项B 塞尚是后印象派画家之一；选项D 高更也是后印象派画家。
3.Who is the artist of “The Persistence of Memory”?A.DaliB.MagritteC.KandinskyD.Chagall答案：A。
记忆的永恒》是达利的作品。
选项B 马格利特以超现实主义画作著名；选项 C 康定斯基是抽象艺术先驱；选项 D 夏加尔的作品风格独特。
4.“Water Lilies” is a famous work of which artist?A.MonetB.ManetC.SargentD.Degas答案：A。
睡莲》是莫奈的著名作品。
选项B 马奈也是印象派画家之一；选项 C 萨金特以肖像画著名；选项 D 德加擅长画芭蕾舞女。
5.Which artist is known for “Guernica”?A.PicassoB.MiroC.KleeD.Duchamp答案：A。
格尔尼卡》是毕加索的作品。
选项B 米罗是超现实主义画家；选项 C 克利是抽象画家；选项 D 杜尚是现代艺术的代表人物。
6.The artist of “The Scream” is?A.MunchB.KlimtC.BaconD.Bruegel答案：A。
高二英语化学英语阅读理解30题
高二英语化学英语阅读理解30题1<背景文章>The periodic table is one of the most important tools in chemistry. It was developed over many years by several scientists. Dmitri Mendeleev is often credited with creating the modern periodic table. He arranged the elements based on their atomic weights and chemical properties.The periodic table is organized into periods and groups. The periods represent the number of electron shells an element has, while the groups are based on similar chemical properties. This organization helps chemists understand the behavior of elements and predict how they will react with each other.The periodic table has had a profound impact on modern science. It has allowed scientists to discover new elements and understand the properties of existing ones. It has also led to the development of new materials and technologies.The study of the periodic table is essential for understanding chemistry. It provides a framework for understanding the relationships between elements and how they combine to form compounds.1. Dmitri Mendeleev arranged the elements based on ___.A. their colorsB. their atomic weights and chemical propertiesC. their sizesD. their names答案：B。
英国文学史 The Modern Period习题
英国文学史习题The Modern PeriodI.Blank filling1.____________________ was one of the most prominent of the 20th century English realisticwriters. “The Man of Property” is one of his works.2.It tool Galsworthy twenty-two years to accomplish the monumental work, his masterpiece___________________.3.The “The Forsyte Saga” consists of “The Man of Property”, “In Chancery” and “ ________”.4.Galsworthy‟s second trilogy ___________________ consists of “The White Monkey”, “TheSilver Spoon”, and “Swan Song”.5._________________ is the founder of the “Stream of Consciousness” school of novel writing.6.The novel ________________ describes the mental activities of two Dubliners in a single day.This formless, plotless novel records the thoughts, shades and fleeting flashes of the mind. 7.__________________________ represents the much more readable novelists of the stream ofconsciousness school. She is a fine artist, a woman of sharp sensitivity who, in one of her frequent mental depressions, committed suicide.8.Virginia Woolf‟s novel____________________________, published in 1925, made herreputation as an important psychological writer.9.____________________ is generally regarded as Woolf‟s most remarkable work. Theautobiographical elements in the novel are obvious. Mr. and Mrs. Ramsay were apparently drawn from the author‟s parents.10.Sons and Lovers is ____________________‟s autobiographical novel.11.The Rainbow and Women in Love are the two distinguished novels written by ___________.wrence‟s novel____________________ was positively taken as a typical example ofOedipus Complex in fiction .13.On a world tour made in 1931, __________________ visited China and was warmly receivedby Luxun and others.14._____________________________ satirizes bourgeois businessmen whose ill-gotten moneyis squeezed out of poor, suffering people. Its main characters are Trench and Blanche.15.Shaw‟s play_____________________________ tells a story about a proprietress of brothels.She considers the profit derived from this “business” quite ho norable.16.As a literary figure, Stephen Dedalus appears in two novels written by __________________.17.Shaw‟s play ____________________________ is a farce, satirizing bourgeois democracy andpredicting the growing dependence of Great Britain upon U. S. monopolies.18.“Sailing to Byzantine” is a well-known poem written by ____________________.19.T. S. Eliot‟s classic expression of the temper of his age is ___________________.20._________________, published two years after “The Waste Land” is also a powerfulexpression of an age of doubt that longs in despair for belief.21.The first part of “The Waste Land” is ____________________________.22.The girl Vivie appears in the play ___________________.23.“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” was written by ___________________.24.T. S. Eliot‟s poem_________________ was published two years after “The Waste Land”.25.“A Portrait of the Artist as a Y oung Man” is written by _____________________________.26.The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted, alienated and ill relationshipsbetween man and __________________, man and society, man and man, and man and himself.27.William Butler Y eats experienced a slow and painful change in his poetic creation, starting inthe ________________ tradition and finishing as a mature ________________ poet.28.Structurally and thematically, George Bernard Show follows the great tradition of__________________.29.Modernism upholds a new view of time by emphasizing the _________________ time overthe chronological one.30.In Mrs. Dalloway, V irginia Woolf adopted a writing technique called __________________,in which the whole story was presented with the interior monologues of the characters.II.Multiple choice1.Joyce‟s masterpiece, ________ gives and account of man‟s life during one da y (16June, 1904) in Dublin.A.DublinersB.Finnegans WakeC.UlyssesD.A Portrait of the Artist as a Y oung Man2.The protagonist of the poem “Love Song of T. Alfred Prufrock” is a kind of tragic figurecaught in a sense of deafened idealism and tortured by satisfied desires. Of the following descriptions of him, which isn‟t suitable for him?A. He is neurotic.B. He is self-important.C. He is illogical.D. He is a man of action.3. In which of the following poems by William Butler Y eats did you find the allusion to Helenand the Trojan War?A. Sailing to ByzantineB. Sown by the Sally GardenC. The Lake Isle of InnisfreeD. Leda and the Swan4. In 1916, Joyce published his first novel_______.A. UlyssesB. DublinersC. Finnegans WakeD. A Portrait of the Artist as a Y oung Man5. _______ is a poem concerned with the spiritual breakup of a modern civilization in which human life has lost its meeting, significance and purpose.A. UlyssesB. The Waste LandC. The Confidential ClerkD. Dubliners6. Which of the following writings is not the novel by James Joyce?A. UlyssesB. Jude the ObscureC. DublinersD. A Portrait of the Artist as a Y oung Man7. Which of the following writings is not the novel of D. H. Lawrence?A. Sons and LoversB. A Portrait of the Artist as a Y oung ManC. The White PeacockD. The Rainbow8. One of Lawrence‟s novels, ______, is written out of his trip to Australia and it gives a richportrayal of the Australian life and scenery.A. Women in LoveB. Lady Chartterley‟s LoverC. KangarooD. The White Peacock9. In his famous poem，“Sailing to Byzantine'‟，Yeats did not explore the problem of_________.A. loveB. deathC. artD. development10. ________ is a story about the three generations of the Brangen family on the Marsh Farm.A. The RainbowB. Women in LoveC. Sons and LoversD. The Plumed Serpent11. The following comments on George Bernard Shaw are true except________.A. George Bernard Shaw‟s career as a dramatist began in l892, when his first play Widowers‟Houses was put on by the Independent Theater Society.B. Shaw began his literary career by writing novels soon after his settling down in London.C. Shaw's writings reflect the combination of realism and naturalism.D. Shaw's plays can be termed as problem play.12. Much of _______'s drama is constructed around the inversion of a conventional theatrical situation.A. Y eatsB. GregoryC. GalsworthyD. Shaw13. Which of the following is not true according to James Joyce?A．Ulysses has become a prime example of modernism in literature．B．Joyce is regarded as the most prominent stream-of-consciousness novelist．C．Joyce is a realistic writer in English literature history．D．His novel “A Portrait of the Artist as a Y oung Man‟‟ is a naturalistic account of hero's bitter experience and his final artistic and spiritual liberation．14. In______，Joyce intends to present a microcosm of the whole human life by providing aninstance of how a single event contains all the events of its kind，and how history is recapitulated in the happenings of one day．A．A Portrait of the Artist as a Y oung Man B．UlyssesC．Dubliners D．Finnegans Wake15. Being a leader of the Irish National Theater Movement in the early 20th century, _______was averse playwright who desired to restore lyrical drama to popularity．A．W．B．Yeats B．Lady GregoryC．J．M．Synge D．E．M．Forster16. The three trilogies of _______ Forsyte novels are masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century, which revealed the corrupted capitalist world．A．D．H．Lawrence's B．John Galsworthy'sC．James Joyce's D．George Bernard Shaw's17. _______ is the most outstanding stream-of-consciousness novelist．A．James Joyce B．John GalsworthyC．D．H．Lawrence D．George Bernard Shaw18. A Passage to India is the masterpiece of ______．A．James Joyce B．D．H．LawrenceC．E．M．Forster D．V irginia Woolf19．Structurally and thematically Bernard Shaw followed the great traditions of_______．A．romanticism B．pre-romanticismC．realism D．modernism20．Which of the following novels doesn‟t belong to the stream-of-consciousness novel?A．Pilgrimage B．UlyssesC．Mrs．Dalloway D．The Rainbow21．_______ is an important figure in drama，who is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare．A．Oscar Wilde B．Samuel BechettC．Bernard Shaw D．Y eats22．______，with its purely dramatic power，remains the most popular of T．S．Eliot's verse plays．A．Murder in the Cathedral B．The Lady‟s Not for BurningC．Juno and the Paycock D．The Family Reunion23．John Galsworthy‟s first trilogy includes the following except ______．A．The Man of Property B．In ChanceryC．To Let D．Modem Comedy24．James Joyce‟s Ulysses could hardly be termed as a traditional novel，because________．A. it is all account of daily lifeB. there is no story, no plot and no action insideC．it is divided into episodesD．there are only three characters25. In his famous poem_____．Y eats explores the problems of death，love，old age and art．A．Leda and the Swan B．No Second TroyC．September1913 D．Sailing to Byzantine26．Shaw‟s play Mrs．W arren‟s Profession is a realistic exposure of the_____ in the English society．A．political corruptionB．inequality between men and womenC．slum landlordismD．economic exploration of women27．“At last she spoke to me．When she addressed the first words to me I was so confused that I did not know what to answer．She asked me was I going to Araby．I forget whether I answered yes or no．it would be a splendid bazaar, she said；she would love to go．”The passage is taken from______．A．John Galsworthy's The Man of PropertyB．James Joyce's DublinersC．D．H．Lawrence‟s Sons and LoversD．James Joyce's Ulysses28．The following playwrights brought about the Irish National Theatre Movement in the early 20th century except______．A．W．B．Yeats B．J．M．SyngeC．George Bernard Shaw D．Lady Gregory29．In “The Lake of Isle of Innisfree”．William Butler Y eats expresses his ______．A．hope to go abroad B．desire to escape into a fairylandC．1ove for common life D．hatred for war30. The major concern of ______ fiction lies in the tracing of the Psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature．A．John Galsworthy's B．Thomas Hardy'sC．D．H．Lawrence's D．Charles's Dickens31．“Paul was afraid lest she might have misread the letter, and might be disappointed after all．He scrutinized it once，twice．Y es，he became convinced it was true．Then he sat down，his heart beating with jo y.” The above quotation is taken from ______．A．The Man of Property B．Mrs．Warren's ProfessionC．Sons and Lovers D．A Portrait of the Artist as a Y oung Man32．The Statement that the refined bourgeois aristocrats are put to ridicule while a simple flower girl is lovingly portrayed may refer to _______．A．Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion B．Sheridan's The School for ScandalC．Eliot's Murder in the Cathedral D．Galsworthy's The Silver Box33．In Mrs．Dalloway, V irginia Woolf adopted a writing technique called ______，in which the whole story was presented with the interior monologues of the characters．A．stream-of-consciousness B．expressionismC．symbolism D．naturalism34．Among the great writers of the modem period，______ might be the greatest in radical experimentation of technical innovations in novel writing．A．Joseph Conrad B．James JoyceC．D．H．Lawrence D．V irginia Woolf35. According to D．H．Lawrence，the ______ is most responsible for the alienation of the human relationships and the perversion of human personality．A．pride of the aristocratic class B．vanity of the middle classC．man's desire for power and money D．capitalist mechanical civilization 36．James Joyce‟s Dubliners is ______．A．a collection of short stories B．a novelC．an autobiography D．a short story37．Writers like Dorothy Richardson，James Joyce and Virginia Woolf concentrated their efforts on digging into the human ______．A．dignity B．behavior C．morality D．consciousness38．The statement “A demanding mother turns away from her husband and gives all her affection to her sons" sums up the main plot of D．H．Lawrence's novel ______．A．Sons and Lovers B．The RaibowC．Women in Love D．Lady Chartterley‟s Lover39．John Galsworthy's The Forsyte Saga appears in the form of ______．A．epic B．trilogy C．collection of short stories D．ballad40．All the following are characters of Galsworthy‟s The Man of Property except _____.A．Soames B．Irene C．Dedalus D．Bosiney41．G．B．Shaw‟s play Mrs．Warren's Profession is a realistic exposure of the in the English society．A．slum landlordismB．inequality between men and womenC．political corruptionD．economic exploitation of women42. ______was written by James Joyce．A．Dubliners B．Portrait of a ladyC．Picture of Dorian Gray D．To the LighthouseIII. Define the following termsModernismIV. Identification of the following passagesPassage 1“He went out to dinner several times in his evening suit that had been William‟s. each time his mother‟s heart was firm with pride and joy. He was started now. The studs she and the children had bought for William were in his short-front; he wore one of William‟s dress shirts. But h e had an elegant figure. His face was rough, but warm-looking and rather pleasing. He did not look particularly a gentleman, but she thought he looked quite a man. ”A．What is the title of the novel from which this passage is taken?Who is the author?B．Why each time his mother‟s heart was firm with pride and joy?C．What idea does this passage express?Passage 2"Vivie: '...People are always blaming their circumstances for what theyare．I do not believe in circumstances．The people who get on in this world arethe people who get up and look for the circumstances they want，if they can‟tfind them，make them．‟……but why did you choose that business? Saving money and goodmanagement will succeed in any business,'"A．Identify the author and the work．B．Who is "Vivie"，the speaker of the quoted passage?C．What idea does the quoted passage express?Passage 3“North Richmond Street，being blind，was a quiet street except at the hour when the Christian Brothers‟ School set the boys free．An uninhabited house of two storeys stood at the blind end，detached from its neighbors in a square ground．The other houses of the street，conscious of decent lives within them，gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces．”A．Identify the author and the work．B．What is the tone of the narrator in the quoted passage?C．What idea does the quoted passage express?V. Essay questions:1. Make comments on George Bernard Shaw as a playwright.2. Compared with Virginia Woolf, D. H. Lawrence and other writers of transitional age in the 20th century, should E.M. Forster be labeled as a traditional writer or a modernist or a writer of transitional age? State your opinion.。
不要以貌取人英语作文
In the English composition titled Do Not Judge a Book by Its Cover,we can explore the theme of not making assumptions about people based on their appearance.Here is a detailed outline for such an essay:Introduction:Introduce the proverb Do not judge a book by its cover,explaining its relevance to human interactions.State the importance of looking beyond appearances to understand a persons true character.Body Paragraph1:The Dangers of Superficial JudgmentsDiscuss how quick judgments based on appearance can lead to misunderstandings and missed opportunities.Provide examples of famous individuals who have overcome initial judgments based on their looks,such as Albert Einstein or Steve Jobs.Body Paragraph2:The Psychological Basis for First ImpressionsExplain the psychological phenomenon of first impressions and why humans are inclined to make them.Discuss the role of cognitive biases in forming quick judgments about people.Body Paragraph3:The Importance of Character Over AppearanceArgue that a persons character,values,and actions are more important than their physical appearance.Use examples of individuals who have made significant contributions to society despite not fitting societal beauty standards.Body Paragraph4:The Impact of Media and Society on PerceptionAnalyze how media and societal standards influence our perceptions of beauty and worth. Discuss the negative effects of these influences,such as low selfesteem and discrimination.Body Paragraph5:Strategies for Overcoming Prejudice Based on Appearance Suggest practical steps individuals can take to avoid making superficial judgments,such as engaging in meaningful conversations and seeking to understand others experiences. Encourage the development of empathy and openmindedness.Conclusion:Reiterate the message that appearances can be deceiving and that true understanding comes from deeper interactions.End with a call to action for readers to challenge their own biases and to treat others with kindness and respect,regardless of their appearance.Sample Composition:In the everevolving tapestry of human interaction,the adage Do not judge a book by its cover stands as a timeless reminder of the importance of looking beyond the superficial. This essay aims to delve into the perils of superficial judgments and advocate for a deeper understanding of individuals based on their character and actions.The first impressions we form are often swift and influenced by appearances.However, these judgments can be misleading,as they may not reflect the true essence of a person. For instance,the unkempt appearance of Albert Einstein did not detract from his genius, nor did the casual attire of Steve Jobs diminish his innovative spirit. Psychologically,humans are hardwired to make quick assessments based on visual cues, a trait that has evolutionary roots in our need for rapid decisionmaking.Yet,this instinct can lead to cognitive biases that cloud our judgment.It is crucial to recognize these biases and actively work to overcome them.Character,defined by ones values,integrity,and actions,holds far more significance than physical appearance.The world has been enriched by the contributions of individuals who defied conventional attractiveness,proving that beauty is not a prerequisite for success or worth.The media and societal norms play a significant role in shaping our perceptions of beauty. These influences can be detrimental,fostering unrealistic expectations and leading to discrimination against those who do not conform.It is essential to challenge these standards and recognize the diversity of beauty in all its forms.To combat prejudice based on appearance,we must engage in meaningful dialogues that reveal the stories and experiences of others.Developing empathy and an open mind can help us see past the facade and appreciate the unique qualities each person possesses.In conclusion,while appearances may capture our initial attention,it is the substance of a persons character that truly defines them.Let us strive to look beyond the surface and embrace the rich diversity of human experience.By doing so,we not only enrich our own lives but also contribute to a more inclusive and compassionate society.。
Unit6NatureinwordsDevelopingideasReading课件高二英语选择性
contents
I Pre-reading
IV Post-reading
II Fast reading
V Language points
III Careful reading VI Homework
I Pre-rel compound that was originally developed as an insecticide. It has no colour, taste or odour. Its agricultural use was banned in the US in 1972 because of its damaging effects on the environment.
源the自y t罗rem马ble神d v话iol中ent的ly a死nd神cou墨ld尓no斯t fly. It was a spring without voices. On
（theMmoorrnsi）ng，s th对at 应had古on希ce腊thr神obb话ed中wi的th the dawn chorus of robins (知更
Para. 1 Para. 2 Para. 3 Para. 4 Para. 5 Para. 6
a. Influence of the book. b. An extract from the first chapter of Silent Spring. c. Introduction about Carson and the purpose of the book. d. The author’s review on the book. e. Opposing voices. f. Contents in the book to make people aware of the facts.
英语六级阅读试题精选(附答案解析)
英语六级阅读试题精选（附答案解析）Directions: There are 4 passages in this Part. Each passage is followed by some questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneIn the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia, one scene shows an American newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the Howeitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it. Am I in this? he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains, He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks you're a kind of thief.As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The ignorant natives may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought pure pictures of primitive cultures, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress. They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation.These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazine's photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challengewhite, middle-class American conventions. While dark-skinned women can be shown without tops, for example, white women's breasts are taboo. Photos that could unsettle or disturb, such as areas of the world torn asunder by war or famine, are discarded in favor of those that reassure, to conform with the society's stated pledge to present only kindly visions of foreign societies. The result, Lutz and Collins say, is the depiction of an idealized and exotic world relatively free of pain or class conflict.Lutz actually likes National Geographic a lot. She read the magazine as a child, and its lush imagery influenced her eventual choice of anthropology as a career. She just thinks that as people look at the photographs of other cultures, they should be alert to the choice of composition and images.1. The main idea of the passage is ______________.[A] Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners’ perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values.[B] There is a complicated relationship between the Western explorers and the primitive peoples.[C] Popular magazines such as National Geographic should show pictures of the exotic and idealized worlds to maintain high sales.[D] Anthropologists ask the natives to pose for their pictures, compromising the truthfulness of their pictures.2. We can infer from the passage that early travelers to the native lands often _________.[A] took pictures with the natives[B] gave exaggerated accounts of the native lands[C] ask for pictures from the natives[D] gave the natives clocks and Western dresses3. The author mentions the movie Lawrence of Arabia to ___________.[A] show how people in the indigenous societies are portrayed by Westerners.[B] illustrate how people from primitive societies see cameras as tools of black magic that steal their virtues.[C] show how anthropologists portray untruthful pictures of native people.[D] show the cruel and barbarian side of the native people.4. “But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back.” In this sentence, the “one [culture] that stares back” refers to _______.[A] the indigenous culture[B] the Western culture[C] the academic culture[D] the news business culture5. With which of the following statements would Catherine Lutz most probably agree?[A] Reporters from the Western societies should routinely delete modern elements in pictures taken of the indigenous societies.[B] The primitive cultures are inferior to the more advanced Western culture.[C] The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies.[D] People in the Western news business should try not to challenge the well-established white middle-class values.答案与解析1. 答案是[A] Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners’perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values.解析：本文的主题是，西方的媒体，为了迎合西方读者猎奇的心理，同时，为了不与西方读者的中产阶级价值观发生冲突，在他们拍摄的照片中，并不是真正客观公正地反映经济发展水平较为落后的社会中人们的生活。
2023年度军队文职社会公开考试《英语语言文学》备考真题库及答案
2023年度军队文职社会公开考试《英语语言文学》备考真题库及答案学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、单选题(55题)1.Which of the following pairs is not a minimal pair？( )A./sip//zip/B./fi：l//li：f/C. /keit//feit/D./sai//sei/2.( )you start，you will never give up.A.Even ifB.If onlyC.WhileD.Once3.( ) are bound morphemes because they can not be used as separate words.A.RootsB.StemsC.Affixespounds4.So involved with their computers( )that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.A.became the childrenB.become the childrenC.had the children becomeD.do the children become5.I am so sorry for that I can’t contact you too frequently these days since I’m busy working on an important project( )teB.hardlytelyD.closely6.Which kind of animal is not the executive of Australia？( )A.EmuB.KiwiC.Duck-billed platypusD.Kangaroo7.Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of Emily Dickenson′s poems？( )A.NatureB.Life and deathC.Love and marriageD.War and peace8.There are three main parties represented in the House of Representativesof Australia，which one is the oldest party？( )A.The Australian Labor PartyB.The NationalsC.The Liberal Party of AustraliaD.Australian Greens party9.I just wonder( )that makes him so excited.A.why it doesB.what he doesC.how it isD.what it is10.( )us the information，we would have been ambushed.A.Had he not givenB.If he did not giveC.Should he not giveD.Were he not to give11.They gave each other a big hug with( )，since they haven’t seen each other for 15 years.A.passionB.sensationC.sentimentD.emotion12.The indigenous people in Australia are( )，which have 2.2% of the total population in 2001.A.aboriginesB.MaorisC.CherokeesD.people from India13.Perhaps the most significant postwar trend was the decentralization of cities throughout the UnitedStates，( )when massive highway-building programs permitted greater suburban growth.A.and accelerated a phenomenonB.a phenomenon that acceleratedC.accelerating a phenomenon whichD.the acceleration of which phenomenon14.Which one is the national sport of Canada？( )A.FootballB.HockeyC.BaseballD.Basketball15.The word“motel” is formed via word formation rule of ( )A.clippingB.blendingC.acronymD.coinage16.The unique island( )of Hainan attracts hundreds of thousands of tourists every year.A.sceneryB.sightC.scenendscape17.( )is Australia’s most important industrial city and the capital of New South Wales.A.MelbourneB.SydneyC.CanberraD.Brisbane18.( ) is NOT included in the modernist groupA.Oscar WildeB.Virginia WoolfC.William Butler YeatsD.T.S.Eliot19.If we are to use the technique of IC analysis to analyze the sentence“She broke the window with a ( ) stone yesterday”，where is the first cut？A.Between stone and yesterdayB.Between she and brokeC.Between broke and the windowD.Between window and with20.( )to speak when the audience interrupted him.A.Hardly had he begunB.No sooner had he begunC.Not until he beganD.Scarcely did he begin21.After knowing his partner has been under arrest，he( )his crime.A.concededB.admittedC.recognizedD.confessed22.The Hundred Year’s War between Britain and France was fought( ).A.from 1327 to 1453B.from 1337 to 1453C.from 1347 to 1453D.from 1357 to 145323.What is the ranking of Canada in the world by land area？( )A.FirstB.SecondC.ThirdD.Fourth24.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE？( )A.Walt Whitman introduced great innovations to American literature，and devised a poetic style，free verseB.Emily Dickinson′s poems are usually long，exploring the inner life of the individualC.Jack Kerouac′s On the Road is a representative work of the Beat WritersD.Arthur Miller is concerned with the conflicts of the individual within society，and Death of a Salesman is his masterpiece25.Among the following poets，who is NOT a lake poet？( )A.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB.Robert SoutheyC.William WordsworthD.William Colins26.He chose medicine but found，once again，some lack of meaning and so interrupted his studies first to collect( )in the Amazon River and later to spend time recuperating from illness by a trip to Europe.A.fragmentsmonsmentsD.specimens27.The little girl( )her elder brother with breaking the doll mother bought for her.A.scoldedB.accusedC.reproachedD.condemned28.John is reading an interesting book on evolution theory which was written by Charles Darwin，who was a British naturalist who developed a theory of evolution based on natural selection.What design feature of language is reflected in the example？( )A.CreativityB.ArbitrarinessC.DisplacementD.Duality29.Which of the following doesn′t belong to the Cooperative Principle？( )A.The generosity maximB.The maxim of qualityC.The maxim of relationD.The maxim of manner30.Which one of the following studies the internal structure of words，and the rules by which words are ( ) formed？A.MorphologyB.SyntaxC.PhonologyD.Semantics31.In an effort to( )culture shocks，I think it is necessary to know something about the nature of culture.A.get offB.get byC.get throughD.get over32.The Grapes of Wrath is a masterpiece of ( )A.John SteinbeckB.John WinthropC.John UpdikeD.John Cotton33.There are different types of affixes or morphemes.The affix"-ed"in the word"learned"is known as a（n）__________.A.derivational morphemeB.free morphemeC.inflectional morphemeD.free form34.The criterion used in IC analysis is ( )A.transformationB.conjoiningC.groupingD.substitutability35.The semantic triangle holds that the meaning of a word ( )A.is interpreted through the mediation of conceptB.is related to the thing it refers toC.is the idea associated with that word“in the mind of the speaker”D.is the image it is represented in the mind36.We( )the radio signals for help from the ship.A.pick upB.pick atC.pick offD.pick out37.Which one of the following maxims is not included in the Cooperative Principle？( )A.Maxim of QualityB.Maxim of MannerC.Maxim of CooperationD.Maxim of Quantity38.The UN put the( )forward so as to better cope with the tense situation in the Middle East.A.conferenceB.summitC.rallyD.seminar39.Which of the following works expresses the desire for an escape from society and a return to nature？( )A.Dreiser′s Sister CarrieB.Henry Jame′s The Portrait of a LadyC.Fitzgerald′s The Great GatsbyD.Mark Twain′s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn40.I apologize if I( )you，but I assure you it was unintentional.A.offendB.had offendedC.should have offendedD.might have offended41.In the Canadian parliamentary system，( )holds the highest position.A.free morphemeB.The PresidentC.The Governor GeneralD.The Prime Minister42.Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the university _____.A.has been acceptedB.have been acceptedC.was acceptedD.were accepted43.In which day is Halloween celebrated？( )A.5 NovemberB.31 OctoberC.17 MarchD.25 December44.The shutters stood( )，and through one of the newly-washed windows I caught the light of a fire.A.wideB.straightC.uprightD.widely45.Bloomfield introduced the IC analysis，whose full name is ( ) Analysis.A.Internal ComponentB.Innate CapacityC.Internal ConstituentD.Immediate Constituents46.The fifth-generation computers，with artificial intelligence，( )and perfected now.A.developedB.have developedC.are being developedD.will have been developed47.The following American states are among the first thirteen colonies except( ).A.MarylandB.South CarolinaC.DelawareD.Colorado48.Which of the following novelists wrote The Sound and the Fury？( )A.William FaulknerB.Ernest HemingwayC.Scott FitzgeraldD.John Steinbeck49.My son failed to come back last night.This morming the police came to our house and( )my worst fears that he was injured in a car accident.A.advocatedB.confirmedC.promisedD.insured50.The Anglo-Saxons established( )system，whereby the lord of the manor collected taxes and organized the local army.A.salveB.feudalC.manorialD.Capitalistic51.Which of the following is NOT included in G.Leech′s seven types of meaning？( )A.Connotative meaningB.Denotative meaningC.Conceptual meaningD.Affective meaning52.The direct cause for the Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to( )A.divorce his wifeB.break with RomeC.support the ProtestantsD.declare his supreme power over the church53.Coal mining industry in Britain provides( )of the energy consumed in the country.A.one-thirdB.one-fourthC.one-fifthD.two-thirds54.Australia can be divided into three big regions，which of the following is not included？( )A.The Great Dividing RangeB.The MurrayC.The Central LowlandsD.The Western Plateau55.The capital city of Canada is( )A.MontrealB.TorontoC.VancouverD.Ottawa参考答案2.D3.C4.D5.C6.BA项Emu（鸸鹋），C项Euck-billed platypus（鸭嘴兽）和D项Kangaroo （袋鼠）都属于澳大利亚特有的生物，B项Kiwi （几维鸟）是新西兰的特有生物7.D8.AA项The Australian Labor Party 在澳大利亚众议院的三大代表党派中历史最悠远，其他三项均不正确。
空洞骑士用英语怎么写作文
Hollow Knight is a popular actionadventure game developed by Team Cherry.If you are looking to write an essay or a piece of writing about Hollow Knight,you can consider the following structure and points to cover:Title:The Enigmatic World of Hollow KnightIntroduction:Introduce Hollow Knight as a game that has captivated players with its intricate worldbuilding and challenging gameplay.Mention the games release and its impact on the indie gaming scene.Background:Discuss the developers,Team Cherry,and their journey to creating Hollow Knight. Briefly describe the games setting in the fictional kingdom of Hallownest.Gameplay Mechanics:Explain the core gameplay mechanics,such as exploration,combat,and platforming. Discuss the importance of skill and strategy in overcoming the games challenges. Storytelling:Describe how the games narrative is presented through environmental storytelling and character interactions.Discuss the themes of Hollow Knight,such as the cycle of life and death,and the consequences of power.Art and Design:Analyze the games art style,which combines elements of gothic architecture with a handdrawn aesthetic.Discuss the design of the various areas in Hallownest,from the eerie depths of the Forgotten Crossroads to the vibrant Greenpath.Characters:Introduce key characters such as the Knight,Hornet,and the Seer,and their roles in the games story.Discuss how player choices can affect their relationships with these characters.Sound and Music:Highlight the atmospheric soundtrack composed by Christopher Larkin,which adds to the games immersive experience.Discuss how the sound design contributes to the games mood and atmosphere.Reception and Legacy:Discuss the critical acclaim Hollow Knight has received,including its impact on the indie game industry.Mention any awards or recognition the game has received.Conclusion:Summarize the key points discussed in the essay.Reflect on the games lasting appeal and its place in the pantheon of video games.Word Count:Aim for a word count that suits the requirements of your assignment or the depth of analysis you wish to provide.Typically,an essay on a video game might range from1,000to3,000words,depending on the level of detail and analysis. Remember to use proper citation if youre referencing specific reviews,interviews,or other sources.This will give your essay academic credibility and help support your arguments.。
八年级英语上册第三单元第三课时
Divide students into small groups and assign them tasks or problems to solve collaboratively. Encourage them to share their ideas and work together to reach a consensus or conclusion.
Practice and consolidation
Practice Activities
Application and Extension
Summary of induction
At the end of the lesson, the teacher reviews the main points covered and summarizes the important concepts and language learned. They may ask students to retell the main ideas or complete a written summary as a form of assessment.
grammar point
Complex sentences
Analyze complex sentences in the text, including their structure, function, and meaning, to help students understand and use them better.
Motivation
The teacher motivates students to want to learn more about the topic by making it relevant to their lives. They can do this by asking questions like "Why is reading important?" or "How does reading help us in our daily lives?"
研究文化方法英语
研究文化方法英语Delve into the fascinating realm of cultural studies with the English language as your guide, and you'll find a treasure trove of insights waiting to be discovered. The English language, with its global reach and diverse influences, offers a unique lens through which to explore and understand the rich tapestry of human culture. Whether it's the subtle nuances of British literature, the vibrant expressions of American pop culture, or the profound wisdom embedded in the idioms and proverbs from around the English-speaking world, each aspect provides a window into the heart of a culture.Embarking on this journey, you'll be equipped with the tools to analyze cultural artifacts, from literature and film to music and social media, all through the prism of the English language. You'll learn to decode the symbolism in Shakespeare's plays, understand the social commentary in modern American novels, and appreciate the humor and wit in English comedies. The study of culture through English is not just about language proficiency; it's about cultural literacy and the ability to engage with the world on a deeper level.As you progress, you'll uncover the historical context that has shaped the English language, from its roots in Germanic and Latin influences to its evolution into a global lingua franca. You'll also explore the cultural significance of English in diplomacy, business, and internationalrelations, recognizing its role as a bridge between diverse cultures.This exploration is not without its challenges, as you'll need to navigate the complexities of language change, dialects, and the impact of globalization. However, the rewards are immense, offering a comprehensive understanding of how culture shapes and is shaped by the English language. So, embark on this enlightening voyage, and let the English language be your passport to a world of cultural discovery and appreciation.。
怎样去欣赏诗歌英语作文
怎样去欣赏诗歌英语作文Appreciating poetry in English is a delightful journey that can enrich your understanding of language, culture, and emotions. Here are some tips on how to appreciate English poetry:1. Understand the Basics: Before delving deep into poetry, it's essential to grasp the basic elements such as rhyme, meter, imagery, and symbolism. Understanding these components helps in deciphering the poet's message and appreciating their craft.2. Read Aloud: Poetry is meant to be heard as well as read. Reading aloud allows you to experience the rhythm and flow of the language, enhancing your appreciation for the poet's choice of words and their arrangement. It also helps in understanding the intended tone and mood of the poem.3. Consider the Context: Context plays a significant role in understanding poetry. Familiarize yourself with thehistorical, cultural, and biographical background of the poet. This knowledge provides insights into the themes, motifs, and symbolism employed in the poem.4. Analyze the Structure: Pay attention to thestructure of the poem, including its form and organization. Different forms such as sonnets, ballads, or free versehave unique structures that influence the meaning andimpact of the poem.5. Explore Themes and Imagery: Look beyond the surface meaning of the words and explore the underlying themes and imagery. Poets often use metaphor, simile, and otherliterary devices to evoke emotions and convey complex ideas. Analyzing these elements deepens your understanding and appreciation of the poem.6. Interpretation and Personal Response: Poetry invites interpretation and personal reflection. Don't be afraid to interpret the poem in your own way and relate it to yourown experiences and emotions. Your personal response adds depth to your appreciation of the poem and allows you toconnect with it on a deeper level.7. Study Different Poets and Styles: Expose yourself toa variety of poets and poetic styles. Each poet has aunique voice and perspective, and exploring diverse works broadens your understanding of poetry as an art form. From the classical verses of Shakespeare to the modernist experiments of T.S. Eliot, there is a wealth of poetry to explore.8. Join a Poetry Group or Workshop: Engaging withothers who share your interest in poetry can enhance your appreciation and understanding. Joining a poetry group or workshop provides opportunities for discussion, feedback, and exposure to different interpretations, enriching your experience as a reader and enthusiast of poetry.9. Keep an Open Mind: Poetry can be challenging and ambiguous at times, but approaching it with an open mind allows you to appreciate its beauty and complexity. Embrace the ambiguity and explore multiple interpretations,allowing the poem to unfold its layers of meaning over time.In conclusion, appreciating English poetry is a rewarding endeavor that requires patience, curiosity, and an openness to interpretation. By understanding the basics, exploring diverse works, and engaging with the poetry community, you can deepen your appreciation and enjoyment of this timeless art form.。
Literature名词解释
Literature名词解释Literature can be broadly defined as written or spoken works that represent the artistic expression of human imagination and emotions. It includes various forms of creative and fictional writing, such as poetry, drama, novels, and short stories. However, literature is not limited to these genres and can also encompass non-fictional works, such as biographies, essays, and memoirs.One important aspect of literature is its ability to convey complex and abstract ideas through language and storytelling. Through narratives, characters, and symbols, literature explores universal themes and offers insight into the human condition. It provides a means for individuals to contemplate and make meaning of their own experiences and the world around them.Literary analysis is a crucial component of studying and interpreting literature. This involves examining the themes, symbols, and literary devices used by the author to convey their message. By analyzing literary elements, readers can gain a deeper understanding of the work and uncover hidden meanings.In addition to its artistic value, literature plays a significant role in reflecting and shaping societal values and attitudes. It serves as a mirror that reflects the cultural, historical, and social context in which it was created. Literature can challenge existing beliefs and explore controversial issues, which contributes to intellectual and social progress.Literary criticism is an essential discipline that evaluates and interprets literature. Critics analyze the stylistic choices, narrativetechniques, and themes of a work and assess its artistic merit. This allows them to offer insights and judgments about the quality and significance of a literary piece. Literary critics also contribute to ongoing academic debates and discussions about literature.Literary movements refer to periods or groups of writers who share similar stylistic and thematic characteristics. These movements often emerge in response to cultural or social changes and can have a lasting impact on the development of literature. Examples of literary movements include the Romantic movement in the 19th century, where writers emphasized emotion, individualism, and a connection with nature, and the Modernist movement in the early 20th century, which sought to break traditional narrative structures and explore new forms of expression.Literary canon refers to a collection of works that are considered to be the most important and influential in a particular literary tradition or culture. The canon is often determined by scholars, critics, or institutions who make judgments about the value and significance of a work. However, the canon is not fixed and can evolve over time as new voices and perspectives are recognized. Overall, literature is a rich and diverse field that encompasses a wide range of creative and intellectual endeavors. It serves as a means of artistic expression, a reflection of society, and a vehicle for exploring the complexities of the human experience. Through the analysis and interpretation of literary works, individuals can delve into the depths of human imagination and emotions and gain a deeper understanding of themselves and the world they inhabit.。
英国文学习题与练习
英国⽂学习题与练习英国⽂学习题与练习W eek 2Early and Medieval English Literature Reference Questions:1.Who were the earliest settlers of Britton/England? What do you know about them(home, language, belief, life style)?2.What are the 3 conquests? What effects they had upon the nation?3.Ideologically what is the most significant change in people‘s spiritual life?4.How was the nation developed politically or what changes were there in the formof the social structure?5.In terms of literature, what influence had the French upon England?6.How many languages were spoken during the French reign? How do youunderstand modern English as a language?7.What was the essence of Christian doctrine preached at the time? Was there anyignoble reason behind it?8.Why was the Middle Ages known as the Dark Ages?9.What was the form of literature at the time? What features does it have?10.What are the 3 periods/stages of Chaucer‘s literary career?11.In what way do we call Chaucer‘s Canterbury Tales the first work of Englishliterature?Text study Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales / The PrioressPre-readingY ou are going to read Chaucer‘s description of a prioress, a nun who is the head of a religious order or a religious house (e.g. an abbey). Before reading Chaucer‘s description, we could try to create a picture of a nun from our knowledge or imagination.1. Imagine the facial expression of a nun, what words would you use to describe it?2. A nun, especially a prioress, is usually remarkable for the followingcharacteristics (tick the words/expressions of your choice):a solemnity, charm, kindnessb serious/ pleasant/ easy-going/ sombre mannersc full of sense / sensibility3. If she carries a motto, which do you think is more likely to be her choice?a All that glisters is not gold.b Glory belongs to the King.c God helps those who help them selves.d Love conquers all.Discussion1.What is image of the nun?2.Is she favorably and admirably or satirically portrayed? How?3.What figures of speech are used?Language and Style1. Select a detail which contains humour or irony. What makes it comic or ironic?2. What do you notice about the rhyme at the end of the linesW eek 3 Renaissance (1)Reference questions1.What is Renaissance? How and why did it come about?2.What is the development of drama? What were the original forms and content and practice of drama?3.Why did drama flourish in Elizabethan age? Who are the major playwrights of the time?4.Who is Marlowe? What contributions did he make to English drama?5.Who is Shakespeare? What famous and great plays (history, comedy, tragedy)? What features?6.What did Ben Jonson write about? What representative work?7.Prepare the excerpt from Hamlet (31-32). What is it mainly about? What humanist idea can you find in the soliloquy?8.What was the most important translation of the time?W eek 4 Renaissance (2)Reference questions on Shakespeare and Hamlet1.Why is Shakespeare an eternal subject of study? Where lies his greatness?2.What are the themes of Hamlet?3.What is the significance of Hamlet as a character?4.What is blank verse?5.What is soliloquy?Text study 1 Hamlet’s soliloquy “T o be or not to be”1.What is the main idea of Hamlet‘s soliloquy? Summarize in one or two sentences the main idea of the soliloquy?2.How does the soliloquy reflect the spirit of the time or the idea of humanism?3.How do you analyze Hamlet‘s argument in terms of structure?Text study 2 The Merchant of V enice / The Trial SceneP r e-r e a d i n gT h e m o s t i n t e r e s t i n g c h a r a c t e r i n t h i s p l a y i s S h y l o c k.S o m e p e o p l e t h i n k h i m a s a c r e u l m i s e r,d e s e r v i n g h i s p u n i s h m e n t w h i l e o t h e r s c o n s i d e r h i m a v i c t i m o f d i s c r i m i n a t i o n.F r o m w h a t y o u k n o w o f t h e p l a y,w h a t d o y o u t h i n k o f t h i s c h a r a c t e r? T o w h a t e x t e n t d o e s t h i s c h a r a c t e r d e s e r v e s o u r s y m p a t h y?D i s c u s s w i t h y o u r c l a s s m a t e s.Discussion1.After reading the ―trial scene‖, have you changed your idea about Shylock? Referto the questions in Pre-reading, and try to defend your position with evidence from the text.2.Portia gives an eloquent speech on mercy when she tries to persuade Shylock togive up his bond. Consider the punishment received by Shylock, do you think the Christians are being merciful to Shylock?3.In Shakespeare‘s day, the playwrights did not give details of stage direction intheir play text. In this play, for example, nothing is said about how Shylock leaves the stage. Is he content? Or is he sad? Does he show his anger? If you were the actor playing the role of Shylock, how would you perform his exit?W eek 5Renaissance (3)Questions for Renaissance poetry and prose1.Who was thought to be the greatest English poet since Chaucer? What is hisrepresentative work? What are the features of this poem?2.What new forms (rhyme—blank verse, stanza--sonnet) of poetry were introducedinto England? By whom?3.Who were the famous sonneteers of the time?4.How do you tell an Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet from an English (a Shakespearean)one?5.How many sonnets did Shakespeare write? What are the major subjects?6.Who were the two major prose writers? What is Utopia? Where do you thinkMore possibly got the idea or was it all his own invention? How do you interpret the title of the book?7.What contribution did Bacon make to the English system of thinking andlearning?8.What‘s the purpose of his Essays?9.Based on your reading of his work, give your personal impression o f/comment onhis Essays?10.The English Renaissance period is known for its translations. What are the mostimportant translations of this age?Text study1Sonnet 18 by ShakespeareQuestions1.What is the English sonnet form? Study the metrical and rhyme scheme as wellas the structure?2.What‘s the main idea? Is it really about love? What is peculiar of this love poem?3.What figures of speech are used?Text study 2 “Of Studies” by F. BaconPre-readingChoose one of the headings below and write down a couple of sentences according to the heading:1. Learning can be used to ............2. People‘s attitudes towards knowledge differ:3. Not all books should be read in the same way:Language and Style1.Bacon‘s aphoristic style is charact erized by the frequent use of parallelism. Findone such example from the text and either translate or paraphrase the selected sentences.2.Underline some of the metaphors or metaphorical descriptions in the essay. Selectat least two and explain what they illustrate.WritingWrite a commentary of about 250 words according to the following requirements:a)choose one of the headings in Pre-reading as the opening sentence of yourcomment;b)quote Bacon and explain his idea;c)comment on Bacon‘s idea and express your personal opinion.Discussion1.How do you define the style?2.Study the essay by comparing the English version with the translation of MrWang. How do you like the Chinese version?3.Paraphrase and comment on sentences 1-6, 10-12.W eek 6 Revolution and RestorationReference questions1. What was the most important social event during the mid-17th century?2. What were the two most popular forms of lyric?3. Why is Milton the greatest poet of the period? What is the significance of ParadiseLost?Text study Paradise Lost by John MiltonLanguage and Style1.To whom or what do the following refer?Extract 1―this arm‖ (l. 9): ―this great event‖ (l. 14):―That‖ (l. 11):―our grand Foe‖ (l.18):―this empyreal substance‖ (l. 13):Extract 2―thy new possessor‖ (l.11):―th‘ Almighty‖ (l. 18): Understanding and InterpretationRe-write the following in prose form, using your own words whenever possible.Extract 1―To bow and sue for grace…this downfall‖ (ll. 7-12)Extract 2―farthest from his is best, …Above his equals‖ (ll. 6-8)Discussion1.What is the historical background of the work?2.As a transitional writer, how does Milton combine his humanistic ideas with hisPuritan ideas?3.What is the image and the significance of Satan in the two extracts?4.What philosophy can we get from the text?ExtensionSatan is undoubtedly an important character in Milton‘s poem. Waldo Clarke says of Satan, ―Pride is his ruling passion and next to it an indomitable courage and hope.‖ Can you find evidence from the two extracts that you have read to support or refute Clarke‘s claim? How would you describe Satan?W eek 7 18th century Enlightenment(1)Questions1.What was the most important intellectual event of the time?2.The 18th century is called an age of the bourgeoisie. Why? And what effect it hadon literature of the century?3.Why did English novel appear in this century?4.What are the major forms of literature?5.What have neo-classicism and realism got to do with the EnlightenmentMovement?6.Why did literature of Sentimentality and Gothicism come into being in the latterpart of the century?Text study 1 J. Swift’s “A Modest Proposal”Understanding and Interpretation1. Summarize in a couple of sentences the ―modest proposal‖ put forward in thispamphlet.2. Fin d out Swift‘s genuine proposals and paraphrase them using sentence form. Language and Style Explain the irony in the following phrases in context:1. ―sacrificing the poor innocent babes‖ (Extract 5)2. ―will not be liable to the least objection‖ (Extract 7)3. ―humbly propose‖―humbly offer‖ (Extract 7)4. ―a very worthy person, a true lover of his country and whose virtue I highlyesteem‖ (Extract 8)5. ―a little bordering upon cruelty‖ (Extract 8)6. ―a country which would be glad to eat up our whole nation without it...‖ (Extract10)Discussion1.How do you describe the narrator‘s tone?2.What or who are the targets of Swift‘s mockery?3.Is the proposal modest? Prove your point.W eek 8 18th century Enlightenment(2)Text study 2 An Essay on Man by A. PopeQuestions1.What is heroic couplet?2.What is the poetic pattern?3.What are the themes of the two extracts?4.Paraphrase the texts or tell in brief your interpretation.Text study 2 “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” by T. Gray Questions1.What do you know of the Graveyard poetry?2.What is the poetic pattern?3.What is the predominant mood?4.What is the theme ?5.Summarize each stanza in your own words.W eek 9 19th-century Romanticism (1)Questions1.How is the period defined in time?2.What was the historical background, politically, economically and ideologically?3.What was the predominant genre of literature? Who were the important writers ofthe time?4.In what way was romanticist literature different from that of neoclassicism in the18th century, such as in form, guiding principle, subject matter, purpose, style, etc.?Text study 1 “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” by WordsworthUnderstanding and Interpretation1.In groups of four, each student chooses one stanza for paraphrase (i.e.re-write the poem in prose form, preferably using your own words). Then work together to write a short prose text based on the poem and be ready to present it to the class.2.On the day that he saw the daffodils, Wordsworth‘s sister, Dorothy, was with him.Below is what she wrote about the experience in her diary:...When we were in the woods beyond Gowbarrow Park we saw a few daffodils close to the water-side. We fancied that the lake had floated the seeds ashore, and that the little colony had so sprung up. But as we went along there were more and more; and at last, under the boughs of the trees, we saw that there was a long belt of them alongthe shore, about the breadth of a country turnpike road. I never saw daffodils so beautiful. They grew among the mossy stones about and about them; some rested their heads upon these stones as on a pillow for weariness; and the rest tossed and reeled and danced, and seemed as if they verily laughed with the wind, that blew upon them over the lake; they looked so gay, ever glancing, ever changing. This wind blew directly over the lake to them. There was here and there a little knot, and a few stragglers a few yards higher up; but they were so few as not to disturb the simplicity, unity and life of that one busy highway.Compare Wordswor th‘s poem with his sister‘s diary. What are the main differences between the poem and the diary? What, in particular, has Wordsworth changed and added? (The poem was written two years after the actual experience recorded in Dorothy Wordsworth‘s diary.)Discussion1.What is the theme?2.What is the predominant image?3.How does it reflect the poet‘s idea of romantic poetry?4.What is the poetic pattern?5.Paraphrase each stanza in one sentence.W eek 10 19th-century Romanticism (2)Text study 2 “The World Is T oo Much with Us” by Wordsworth Questions1.What is the theme, i.e. the meaning, of the first line?2.What romantic ideas does it advocate?3.What type of sonnet form it is?4.What romantic spirit does it represent?5.Paraphrase the poem in your own words.Text study 3 “Ode on a Grecian Urn” by John KeatsQuestions1.What is the theme of the poem?2.What is the rhyme scheme?3.What romantic feature does the poem reflect?4.Summarize each stanza in one or two sentences.W eek 11 Victorian Literature (1)Questions1.What is the historical background politically, economically and ideologically?2.What is the predominant form of literature during this period?3.Who are the representative writers? And what was the literary tendency?4.What changes came about towards the end of the century?Seminar /Essay QuestionsCharles Dickens Great Expectations1. Account for the very strange behaviour and life-style of Miss Havisham. For whatpurposes or reasons does this wretched woman request Pip‘s company in the early chapters of the book? Why does Pip continue to visit her?2. In the early chapters of the novel, what does Pip understand a ―gentleman‖ to be?How has his definition changed by the end of the book?3. Account for the influence of the escaped convict Magwitch, Joe Gargery andMiss Havisham on Pip‘s life and character.Charlotte Bronte Jane Eyre1. A ―bildungsroman‖ is a kind of novel that follows the development of the hero orheroine from childhood into adulthood, through a troubled quest for identity. Is Jane Eyre a bildungsroman? And, if so, why is Jane‘s ―quest‖ a troubled one?2. What does Jane find attractive about Mr. Rochester? What does Mr. Rochesterfind attractive about Jane? Now answer these same questions with ―Mr.Rochester‖ replaced by ―St. John‖. Why does Jane refuse to marry St. John?3. Identify three places in the novel where weather, atmosphere and/or landscapeeither reflect or foreshadow Jane‘s feelings or state of mind.4. Religion is a frequently recurring theme in Jane Eyre. The principal ―religiouscharacters‖, however, represent some widely differing views of religion in general and Christianity in particular. With this point in mind, compare and contrast the religious beliefs/attitudes of Helen Burns, Miss Temple, and Jane to those of Mr. Brocklehurst, Eliza Reed and St. John.Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights1. Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, each with its distinct features, represent two worlds in the novel. Analyze their differences.2. Catherine s ays to her nurse, ―My greatest thought in living is Heathcliff. If allelse perished, and he remained, I shall still continue to be...‖ If this is true of her feelings, why does she marry Edgar Linton?3. Heathcliff is the character in the novel that affects the lives of all other charactersand creates the atmosphere for the novel. Analyze Heathcliff‘s character: is he a hero or a fiend?Thomas Hardy Tess of the D’Urbervilles1. ―To be an unusual human being was to invite tragedy‖ (Gilbert Phelps). Ho w ―unusual‖ is Tess in her environment?2. Hardy sub-titled his novel ―A Pure Woman‖. In view of the fact that Tess not onlybears an illegitimate child but eventually murders her seducer, how could you defend Tess as a ―pure woman‖?3. Analyze Tess‘s re lationship with Angel Clare, with emphasis on what happens thenight they were married. How do you explain Clare‘s feeling towards Tess and his desertion of her? Why does he come back to Tess?Thomas Hardy Jude the Obscure1. Why does the possibility of studying at Christminster (Oxford University) meanso much to Jude? Is Jude qualified for such study? What factors make his academic dreams impossible to realize?2.Analyze Sue‘s relationship with Philloston. What makes her return to the man shedislikes so much?3. Why is the son of Jude and Arabella called ―Old Father Time‖? What factors leadto his acts of murder and suicide in Chapter VI. ii? Do you believe this tragedy could have been avoided?4. In terms of the novel‘s central themes –the restrictions of social class; sexualinequality; tension between the Christian church and secular society – explain the significance of Hardy‘s epigraph, ―The letter killeth‖.E. M. Forster A Passage to India1. At the beginning of Chapter Three, Adela Q uested claims she wants to see ―thereal India‖. What does she mean by this remark? Do you think she succeeds in seeing the ―real‖ (or ―true‖) India? Does Mrs. Moore see it? What do you think E.M. Foster considers ―the real India‖ to be?2. Account for the remarkable change Mrs. Moore undergoes in the novel. What isthis change, and what causes it? In particular, consider Mrs. Moore‘s conversation with Aziz in Chapter 2 and her experience in the cave in Chapter 14.3. Why does Adela Quested accuse Aziz of assaulting her? Why does she changeher mind later in the courtroom?4. What forces and/or events make reconciliation between Aziz and Fieldingpossible? Why do both men, though friends again, understand they can meet no more? (Chapters 36 & 37)D. H. Lawrence Sons and Lovers1. One of the best ―bildungsroman‖ of the 20th century, Sons and Lovers recordedPaul‘s difficult journey of growing up. Discuss the strong influence of his family,especially his mother, on his life and his relationship with other women.2. While Paul is torn between his mother‘s hold on him and his love for otherwomen, Miriam is also torn by conflicting elements in her relationship with Paul.Analyze their relationship: why is it so hopeless?Week 12-13 Victorian Literature (2)(3)Suggested T opics for Workshop on Frankenstein by Mary Shelley [be sure to support your argument with evidence from the text]1.Creator vs. CreatureWhat is the relation between the creator and the creature?[Prometheus and Zeus; Adam and Eve and God; Monster and Victor; Parents and Victor]2. G rowth and Corruption of the MonsterWhat kind of a creature is he at first? Why and how does he change? What does he become?3. P sychoanalytical Study of FrankensteinWhy does he create the monster? In what way is the monster a reflection of himself/his inner desire? Can you apply Freudian theory of id, ego, and superego or his theory of dreams to the study of the character of Victor? What dual structure is there within him?4. The Novel and the AuthorWhy did Mary create the monster/the book? What‘s the revelation of the experience (love, hatred, fear, guilt), personality, and interest of the author as reflected in the novel?5. Frankenstein, the First Science FictionWhat is scien-fiction? What scien-fictional features are there? What gothic elements?6. The Modern PrometheusHow has the concept of creation (material, way, purpose & result)changed from that in the Bible? What message is left about modern science?7. W omen in Modern lifeWhat role do women play in modern life as reflected in the novel?8. The Relayed Narration/ On the Narrative StructureHow and by whom is the story told? Why three different narrators? How is the narration related to the theme development? 9. The Journey of Exploration and DiscoveryWhat is the purpose of Walton‘s journey? What is his actual discovery?10. The StyleWhat is the style of the novel? And what strength and weakness?Text study 2 Browning: My Last DuchessUnderstanding and Interpretation/doc/b3cc878884868762caaed5b3.html plete the following sentences:a.Ferrara is the _____________ of the Duchess.b.He is showing ________________________ to his guest.c.The Duchess is now _________ and Ferrara is going to__________________.2.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true or false:a.Ferrara appreciated what was said by the painter to the Duchess. T / Fb.The Duchess did not like the gift given by Ferrara. T / Fc.The Duchess was kind and easy to please. T / Fd.Ferrara was amused by the way the Duchess behaved herself. T / Fe.Ferrara never told the Duchess his opinion about her behaviour. T / Ff.Ferrara was talking to the only guest in his house. T / F3. What is implied in lines 45-46? What happened?Language and Style1.In this poem the Duchess is described in terms of her reaction to people andthings around her. List the words and phrases that describe her reaction.2.Ferrara is constantly comparing the Duchess‘ reaction to him and to other people /thins. Complete the table below to show the comparison, using your own words when possible.Extension1.With reference to Language and Style / 1, describe the character of the Duchess.2.With reference to Language and Style / 2, find out the cause of Ferrara‘sdisapproval concerning the Duchess.3.Study lines 34-43. What is revealed here about Ferrara‘s character?DiscussionShare you findings with your partner and discuss Ferrara‘s character. What did Ferrara expect from the Duchess? W eek 14 20th-century Literature (1)Reference questions1.What is the historical background of the period?2.What is modernism?3.What is postmodernism?Week 15 20th-century Literature (2)Text study 1Extract from Mrs Dalloway by V. Woolf (handout)1.What is stream-of-consciousness?2.How is the heroine‘s character split into two or portrayed at two different levels?Text study 2Extract from Ulysses by James Joyce (handout)1.How is random thought portrayed?Text study 3 Owen: “utility”Language and Style1.The first stanza begins and ends with reference to the ―sun‖. What association doyou have with the sun? Consider whether this might change from once culture to another.2.The verb ―wake‖ appears many times in this poem. Two other verbs, ―awake‖ and―rouse‖, also refer to the act of waking. Why do you think Owen gives emphasis to this activity?3.Line 3 contains the words ―whispering of fields unsown‖. What does it tell usabout the soldier‘s identity? What metaphorical meaning can we infer from the se words?4.In line 7, the words ―kind‖ and ―old‖ are used to describe the sun. Do you findthis surprising? Notice how the sun is personified, that is described as if it were a person. What other words in stanza 1 are used which give the sun human qualities?5.Though the sun is personified by the choice of words, Owen did not use ―his‖ or―he‖ in lines 2 and 4. What are its implications?6.The last line of the poem contains a word which contrasts with on main pattern ofwords across the poem. This pattern is grouped around the repetition of the word ―wake‖. Find out the word and fill in the gaps in the table below with other semantic contrasts you can find in the poem. In doing so, you should concentrate on the associations carried by some of the words rather than exact wording.7.In line 13, the sunbeams are described as ―fatuous‖? What does this word mean?What is conveyed by using this word to describe the sun here? Compare the last line of stanza 1, in which the sun is described as kind and old.Writing1.Write a short commentary about the poet‘s use of contrasts.2.Write a short commentary with special emphasis on the employment of theimagery of the ―sun‖ in the poem.W eek 16 20th-century Literature (3)Text study “Eveline” by James JoyceUnderstanding and InterpretationThe story has ten sections. The first three sections are completed with summary notes. These are not grammatically complete and abbreviations are used. Use them as a model for your own notes and complete the other seven sections.A. Eve. at window.B. Memories: playing as children; mother dead; family grown up.C. E. contemplates familiar room (include. Priest‘s photo).D.E.F.G.H.I.J.Which of these ?events‘ happens in the ?present‘ and which in the past or Eveline‘s memory? Answer by referring to section letters.Language and StyleLetters in brackets refer to sections./doc/b3cc878884868762caaed5b3.html ment on the choice of the verb invade. (A)2.Was that wise? (D): Who asks (and answers) this question? What is the effect ofusing a question in the middle of a description?3.Explain the meaning of had an edge on her (near end of D)4.Then she would be married –she, Eveline. (E): Comment on the form of thissentence.5.What does the writer mean when he says Eveline‘s father was fairly bad onSaturday night ? (middle of E)6.he had fallen on his feet in Burnos Aires, he said, and ... (middle of F): Explainthis. Why does the author use he said (it is not absolutely necessary)?7.her time was running out (H): Time for what was running out?8.Explain the meaning of air (H).9.What is the barrier (last paragraph)? What is its significance?10.Through whose eyes do we see the story? What effect does this h ave? Discussion1.What is setting, historical and social?2.How does Eveline feel towards:a. her fatherb. her motherc. Frank – why is she attracted to Frank?Give reasons for your answers by referring to (or quoting from) the story.3.What actually prevents Eveline from leaving home?4. What are the major themes of the story? What other books, plays, poems, films etc. do you know which deal with these themes? Compare them to this one.5. How does the story contribute to the theme of the work---Dubliners---as a whole?W eek 17 Revision。
英语介绍画作文
英语介绍画作文When introducing a painting in English, it's important to provide a detailed yet concise description that captures the essence of the artwork. Here's how you can structure your essay:Introduction:Begin by introducing the painting, including the title, the artist's name, and the time period in which it was created. This sets the stage for your reader.General Description:Provide an overview of the painting. Mention the medium (e.g., oil on canvas, watercolor, acrylic), the size, and thegeneral mood or theme of the artwork.Subject Matter:Describe the main subjects of the painting. Are there people, landscapes, or abstract shapes? What are they doing, and how do they interact with each other?Color and Tone:Discuss the use of color in the painting. Are the colors vibrant or muted? How do they contribute to the mood of the piece?Composition:Analyze the composition of the painting. Where is the focalpoint? How are the elements arranged? Is there a sense of balance or contrast?Lighting and Shadows:Describe how the artist uses light and shadow to create depth and perspective. Does the lighting enhance the mood orhighlight certain elements?Artist's Technique:Comment on the artist's technique. Are there any distinctive brushstrokes or textures? How does the technique contributeto the overall effect of the painting?Emotional Impact:Reflect on the emotional impact of the painting. Does itevoke a sense of joy, sadness, tranquility, or tension?Explain why.Conclusion:Conclude your essay by summarizing the key points and expressing your personal opinion on the painting. You might also discuss its significance or place in art history.Example Paragraph:"The 'Starry Night' by Vincent van Gogh is a captivating masterpiece painted in 1889. This oil on canvas painting measures 73.7 cm by 92.1 cm, and it is renowned for itsswirling patterns and vivid colors. The painting depicts a night sky filled with swirling clouds, a bright crescent moon, and a small village under a starry sky. The dominant colorsare blues and yellows, creating a contrast that brings the sky to life. Van Gogh's use of short, thick brushstrokes adds texture and movement to the painting. The lighting is dramatic, with the stars and moon casting a glow over the village, giving the scene a dreamlike quality. The emotional impact of 'Starry Night' is profound; it evokes a sense of wonder and a connection to the vastness of the universe. Van Gogh's technique and use of color have made this painting a timeless piece of art that continues to inspire and captivate viewers to this day."Remember to use descriptive language and sensory details to help your reader visualize the painting. Also, try to include your own insights and interpretations to make your essay engaging and thought-provoking.。
图片英语作文模板
When crafting an essay in English that revolves around a picture, its essential to follow a structured approach to ensure that your writing is coherent and engaging. Heres a template you can use to write an English essay based on a picture:Title: Insert Title HereIntroduction:Begin with a hook to grab the readers attention. This could be a quote, a question, or a bold statement related to the picture.Briefly introduce the picture, describing its main elements without going into too much detail.State the purpose of your essay and provide a thesis statement that outlines your main argument or interpretation of the picture.Paragraph 1: Description of the PictureProvide a detailed description of the picture, focusing on the setting, characters, objects, and colors.Use vivid language and sensory details to help the reader visualize the scene.Mention the emotions or atmosphere the picture conveys.Paragraph 2: Analysis of the PictureDiscuss the possible meanings or messages the picture might be trying to convey.Analyze the use of symbolism, color schemes, and composition in the picture.Relate the picture to broader themes or issues, such as social, cultural, or historical contexts.Paragraph 3: Personal Interpretation and ReflectionShare your personal interpretation of the picture and explain why you find it compelling or thoughtprovoking.Reflect on how the picture relates to your own experiences or beliefs.Discuss any emotional response or new insights you gained from examining the picture. Conclusion:Summarize the main points of your essay, reiterating your thesis statement.Offer a final thought or call to action that encourages the reader to consider the pictures impact or to think more deeply about the themes youve discussed.End with a memorable statement or quote that encapsulates your essays message. Word of Caution:Make sure to use proper grammar, punctuation, and spelling throughout your essay.Avoid plagiarism by ensuring that all ideas and interpretations are your own or properly cited.Proofread your essay for clarity, coherence, and flow.Remember, the key to a successful picturebased essay is to provide a clear and engaging analysis that invites the reader to see the picture from your perspective while also prompting them to think critically about its broader implications.。
关于作家的作文英语
When writing an essay about a writer,it is essential to approach the topic with a clear structure and a deep understanding of the writers work,life,and impact on literature. Here is a guide on how to write an effective essay about a writer:1.Introduction:Begin with a hook to capture the readers interest.This could be a quote,a provocative statement,or a brief anecdote related to the writer.Introduce the writer and provide some background information,such as their full name, birth and death dates,and nationality.2.Early Life and Education:Discuss the writers early life,including their upbringing,education,and any significant events that may have influenced their writing.3.Literary Career:Outline the writers career,including their first published works,any mentors or influences,and the development of their writing style over time.Mention any awards or recognition they received during their career.4.Major Works:Analyze the writers most significant works,providing a brief synopsis and discussing the themes,characters,and literary techniques used.Consider the historical and cultural context in which the works were written and how they reflect or challenge societal norms.5.Writing Style and Themes:Delve into the writers unique writing style,including their use of language,narrative structure,and imagery.Discuss recurring themes in their work,such as love,death,social injustice,or the human condition.6.Influence and Legacy:Explore the writers impact on literature and society.How have they influenced other writers or movements in literature?Discuss the lasting legacy of their work,including its relevance to contemporary readers.7.Personal Life and Controversies:If relevant,touch upon the writers personal life,including any controversies or scandals that may have affected their public image or writing.8.Criticism and Analysis:Include a balanced view of the writers work by discussing both positive and negative critiques from literary scholars and critics.Analyze how the writers work has been interpreted and reinterpreted over time.9.Conclusion:Summarize the main points of your essay,reinforcing the writers significance in the literary world.End with a thoughtprovoking statement or question that encourages further reflection on the writers work.10.Works Cited:List all the sources you have used in your essay,following the appropriate citation style e.g.,MLA,APA,Chicago.Remember to maintain a formal and academic tone throughout your e evidence from the writers works and secondary sources to support your arguments.Avoid personal opinions and focus on objective analysis and interpretation.。
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李丹阳Li1 Professor JinBook Report22May. 2017Analyze the modernistic elements in The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock The refrains in the poemRefrain is “a line, or part of a line, or a group of lines, which is repeated in the course of a poem, sometimes with a slight changes, usually at the end of each stanza”(543). In The Love Song of J·Alfred Prufrock, the refrains appear much more frequently. Such as”In the room, the woman come and go/Talking about Michelangelo”(line 13-14,35-36,);”known them all---”(line 49,55,63) “how should I presume”(line 54,62) “how should I begin”(line 69)etc. Usually, it is said there’s no meaning, but a mere nonverbal carrier of a melodic line. However in the poem, it truly conveys some meaning, that is its innovation and modernistic features. The poem is rather fragmented. Sometimes the protagonist is outdoors, and next moment he is indoors.”In the room, the woman come and go/Talking about Michelangelo”(line 13-14,35-36,) is the transitional lines. The lines denotes the content is from outdoors to indoors and from indoors to the protagonist’s inner world. The lines itself is kind of ironic, for whom women talk about, they do not entirely. They are being vain. This is the perception of Prufrock.The loneliness and absurdity of non-hero ProfrockIt is found that the hero in the poem turned out to be non-hero. “I am noprophet”(line 83) though “I have wept and fasted, wept and prayed”(line 81). “I am not Prince Hamlet”(line 111), though there is a great struggle as in Prince Hamlet. He is ordinary and everywhere like any man.The character Prufrock Prufrock “should be regarded as Eliot's Everyman. Of course, Everyman is never really every man and Eliot's is no exception”(Shyamal Bagchee 1999:431). Unlike other love songs, in which the protagonist is much more romantic and heroic, the poet faced directly with the humane weak points and depicted the timidness, inaction and hesitation in Prufrock”I should have been a pair o f ragged claws”(line 73). And as for his appearance, he is middle-aged and thin, not a ideal lover(line 73). However, Prufrock represents the true human being living in the world, for everyone has the weak points and when they wanted to convey their love to their loved one, they would hesitate, and reflect upon their shortcomings.In this love song, Prufock did not say how he loved the lady but said his perception towards the world and the society.”Rather, unlike the lady, he is acutely conscious of the insensitivity and callousness of his society and can see the futility of expressing his true feelings”(Shyamal Bagchee 1999:430). With no one to confide to, he felt lonely. With his inaction, his being self-abased, his weird and trifle thoughts, he could not tell anyone, he felt lonely. The loneliness as in the poem”of lonely men in shirt-sleeves, leaning out of windows?”(line 72)”In the world of the poem, the emotional, lyrical quality of his sensitive mind makes Prufrock an exceptional person, but it also m akes him especially lonely”(Shyamal Bagchee 1999:435).As for the absurdity, “we understand what he has to say while his listeners in the poem do not. This is one of the major indications of the poem's absurdity, its absurd world, and its absurd proces s of communication”(Shyamal Bagchee 1999:434). If we are in the poem, we could not figure out a clear structure, and could not make out what truly really wanted to say.”Do I dare to eat a peach”(line 121). And we could not figure out the relationship between peach and the person. And why the protagonist need to consider whether he dare eat the peach or not? When look at the poem integrally, we could think that it is his trivial idea about his old-age life. He thought everything and it is reasonable.And also to give any hint of a prophetic disposition would expose Prufrock to ridicule(Nathan.A Cervo 2002:207).The symbols of Prufrock’s inabilityIt is said that why Prufrock is abased is that his inability to make course with women. And as far as I am concerned, it was his complex and he could not let it go, so he just repeat this kind of thing again and again, but vaguely. And according to Freud, any long and straight objects could symbolize the penis.”rises from the pipes”(line 70);”narrow streets”(line 70)”arms”(line 61)and “long fingers”, all can be regarded as the manly symbols.With its innovative form, its imaginative and lonely character, its absurd and vague contents, the poem was regarded as a modernistic poem without any doubt.Works citedBagchee,Shyamal. “'Prufrock': An Absurdist View of the Poem”Contemporary Literary Criticism. 6.4 (Winter 1980): 430-443.Nathan A,Cervo. "Eliot's The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock"Explicator60.4 (Summer2002):207-230.。