England and Scotland 2009 - TEB Edukacja
2009 University Ranking League Table 2009英国大学排名
Graduate Prospects 72.3 81 76 71.8 74.9 60.9 75.3 75 73.7 63 68
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Total Score 706 701 696 696 682 680 657 657 650 647 646
14 15 16 16 18 19 20 20 22 23 24
Graduate Prospects 70.7 76.4 70.5 75.1 62 77.3 71.8 77.6 62.8 56.2 73.9 71 63.6 72.1 61.4 73.9 77.1 65,9 63.6 62.1
Total Score 610 604 601 594 593 582 581 578 576 560 559 550 546 542 531 528 509 502 498 487
96.4 95.2 95.8 93.2 94 94.8
78.8 74.7 78.4 72.1 67.4 79.8
75.9 70.5 81.5 80.4 73.2 68.5
760 736 724e 715 709 708
School Name
Student Research Satisfaction Quality 83% 75% 75% 79% 73% 78% 75% 78% 76% 82% 71% 4.5 5.2 5 5.4 5 5.4 4.4 4.3 4.5 5 5.3
Entry Standards 360 428 403 389 430 375 394 396 403 359 368
Completion Good Honours 92.9 95.3 96.2 90.7 92.2 92.5 92.3 85.5 92.4 91.2 84.4 69 77.3 75.7 74.8 79.9 68.8 71.1 68.4 71.9 67.5 73.4
British and America
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (U.K.)组成：England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland首都：London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and BelfastBen Nevis—the highest mountain in Britain （Scotland）（1343m）The UK flag is made up of the flags of England, Scotland, and N.Ireland.1.True: Population of China is about 20 times bigger than UK2.True: The south of England is richer than the northMain reason is that London is in the south3.False: The UK is a very mountainous country4.False: Over 95% of UK population is white5.False: The currency of the UK is the EuroUK currency - pound (£) [£1 10 rmb]6.False: There is only one language spoken in the UK (English!)Minor languages in Wales & Scotland7.True: There are no dangerous or poisonous animals in the UK8.True: In the UK more girls smoke than boys9.True: In the UK they drive on the left10.False: The British people are very religiousThis is one of the biggest differences between the British and American people…Less than 10% attend church11.False: London is a very foggy cityBut 50 years ago it was ‘smoggy’12.False: The British economy is the 2nd strongest in the worldIt is now 8th, but China is now 2nd .13.True: UK has the highest teenage pregnancy rate in Europe14.False: The British never eat with chopsticks15.False: All English men are gentlemen1、What is the geographical position of the UK?The English Channel separates the UK from the continent of EuropeThe North Sea separates the UK from Belgium and HollandThe UK is quite small in physical (about the size of Guanxi Province).2、What is the United Kingdom geographically and politically?England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland and several overseas territories 3、Why can’t the term “English” be used to address all the people of the UK? England dominates Great Britain economically and culturally, but it forms only one part of the UK.4、What is the historical relationship between “Northern Ireland”and “Ireland”? In 1922, the Irish Free State declared its independence, leaving only six northeastern counties (the Province of Ulster) to the United Kingdom. Those counties are now called Northern Ireland. The Irish Free State became known as the “Republic of Ireland”in 1949 cutting any remaining connection with the British monarchy.5、What are the two major natural regions in the UK?the Highland Zone in the North and the Lowland Zone in the SouthHighland Zone: a region of high hills and mountains in the north and west that are frequently broken by valleys and plains. Scotland, Wales and parts of England are located in this zoneLowland Zone: lies in the south and east of Great Britain and occupies most of England, consists mostly of rolling plains broken up by chains of low hills. Most of Britain’s population live in the Lowland ZoneThe longest river are the Thames (346km) and the Severn (338km).The Lough Neagh is the largest lake in the UK and is found in Northern Ireland 。
英国大学排行榜2009：2009年TIMES英国大学排名
Canterbury Christ Church
81
The University of Worcester伍斯特大学
82
Sunderland University桑德兰大学
83
Salford University萨尔福德大学
84
Northampton University北安普顿大学
85
UWIC, Cardiff
36
University of Kent at Canterbury坎特伯雷肯特大学
37
Queen Mary and Westfield College伦敦大学玛利皇后学院
38
Sussex University萨塞克斯大学
39
Surrey University萨里大学
40
Stirling University斯德灵大学
69
Queen Margaret Edinburgh
70
University of Wales, Lampeter威尔士大学兰彼得分校
71
The University of Birmingham伯明翰大学
72
Bath Spa
73
University of Northumbria诺桑比亚大学
74
Coventry University考文垂大学
86
Portsmouth University朴次茅斯大学
87
Chester
88
Teesside University梯塞德大学
89
Bedfordshire
90
Huddersfield University哈德斯菲尔德大学
91
York St John
Scotland and England fine-weather friends 英语国家与文化
Scotland and England: fine-weather friends?From the beginning of 17 century to the mid of 18 century, Scotland had been longing to unit with England. However now SNP announced everyone submitting views on the referendum’s timing and number of questions will now have to provide “personal identification details”which is a clear sign for future disintegration.There is a significant background in the 17 century that capitalism was rapidly developing and England was the first country where the capitalism was born. As the capitalism was the major trend of the world, the globe commercial trades was the spring of the wealth. Therefore England and its great number of colonies was the apple of eyes for Scotland at that time. In addition, the Scotland was trapped in a kind of plight in the commercial trade. At last，the alien act is the direct reason why the combination between Scotland and England was brought in the time table so smoothly.Collaboration had the weakest chain. Since the union was bound by a temporary compromise for Scotland to gain more wealth, the terrible consequence would be doomed when the interests for the Scotland were no longer inviting. A simple interests confliction could tear this unionapart.Nowadays, the north oilfield problem bothers the decision-maker of two areas. As the importance of resources is second to none, everyone can resist the temptations from the benefits. According to report, the income from the oilfield is more than one billion dollars per year but the most of profits which should have been taken by the administration of the Scotland for the location of oilfield in the territorial sea of the Scotland were obtained by the central government. This kind of so-called injustice leads to the fury of the administration of the Scotland.The well-known movies brave heart illustrates another reason why the Scottish people are willing to part from the England. In the past, the English always bullied the Scottish because the strength of England is mightier and the differences origins between Scottish and English. Under centuries of pressures from England, a little confliction can spark the notion of independence of the society. With the foundations of the down classes, the upper class is completely fearless to bugle the horn of independence.A presently survey confirm the statement above. A survey from ICM shows that 52 percents of Scottish and 60 percents of English are delightful for the disintegration of the union. More than 60 percents of English complain the proportion of the public outlay in Scotland is totally unreasonable and unfair for a relatively small area to enjoy a considerableexpense despite the privilege in politics. It is not hard for everyone to conclude that the breakup of union is just matter of time. But it may happen later than everyone’s expectations.Although, it seems that the majority of the consistencies of the Great Britain are in favor of the idea of future breakdown, however, many people just express their frenzy about the current government in this quite extreme way. Fewer voters will actually stand for the coming proposal of independence. To everyone’s surprise, the elite of the Scottish and the English do not approve the latent breakdown for the obvious reason that the market and resources are mush larger now which ensure the wealth for them. Common Scottish also disagree with the breakdown when it really comes to action, because building a brand-new government is not a piece of cake. Compared to talking about independence, Scottish people want their leader to focus on the economy instead.In the end, I think that the union will not break down in foreseeable future, but the potential of the breakdown can be triggered by another confliction between Scotland and England.。
The United Kingdom 课文
PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHYPeople may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history.First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands, and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the South, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have famous-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture.The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by theAnglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066. There have been four sets of invaders of England. The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads. The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government. The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced new words for food.If you look around the British countryside, you will find evidence of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.。
j.K.rowling的简介
Honours & Awards
• Commencement speaker, Harvard University, USA, 2008 • The Edinburgh Award, 2008 • James Joyce Award, University College Dublin, 2008 • South Bank Show Award for Outstanding Achievement, 2008 • Chevalier de la Legion d’Honneur: France, 2009 • Hans Christian Andersen Award, Denmark, 2010
Volant J.K. Rowling supports a number of charities and causes through her charitable trust, Volant.
17
The Speech of J.K Rowling at Harvard University
18
In 2010, J.K. Rowling made a substantial donation for the foundation of a new clinic at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. In addition to conducting major research into neuro-regeneration, the Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic will support patients with Multiple Sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases.
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandTo the west and off the European Continent , the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is made up of Great Britain , Northern Ireland , and some smaller islands around them. And the Great Britain consist of England , Scotland and Wales.It is the founder of the known as the constitutional monarchy. It is a unitary country with its government composed of three tiers---- the central governrnent , the county government ,and the district government. The seat of the British government is in the House of Parliament , officially, the New Palace of Westminster, while Buckingham Palace is the official London residence of the British sovereign.The United Kingdom has a population of 59.6 million(2001) and it is known that its people are sensitive to privacy , so the weather become what they usually talking about. And British law protects religious freedom.Talking about its complicated history ,we have to start from the native Celts who began to arrive about 700 B.C . After that this country has come through several difficult periods which are Roman Britain(55B.C---410AD) , the Anglo-Saxon Conquest(446—871), the Norman Conquest(1066). The Norman Conquest was the last invasion of England by foreigners .As we all known that the Industrial Revolution turned Britain into “theworkshop of the world .”, and the Foreign Expansion turned it become the so called empire “on which the sun never set”. And it is the two World Wars which cause the fall of it.。
Scotland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Scotland (English / Scots)Alba (Scottish Gaelic)Flag Royal StandardMotto: In My Defens God Me Defend (Scots)(often shown abbreviated as IN DEFENS )Anthem: None (de jure )Various de facto - see note 1Capital Edinburgh55°57′N 3°12′WLargest city GlasgowOfficial language(s)English, Scottish Gaelic 2Recognisedregional languages Scottish Gaelic, Scots Ethnic groups 89% Scottish, 7% English,Irish, Welsh, 4% other [1]Demonym Scots, Scottish 3GovernmentDevolved Government within a Constitutional monarchy 4 - Monarch Elizabeth II- First Minister (Head of Scottish Government)Alex Salmond MSP - Prime Minister of the United KingdomDavid Cameron MPScotlandFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaScotland (Gaelic/Gàidhlig: Alba ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.[7][8][9] Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland includes over 790 islands [10]including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres.[11] Edinburgh was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which transformed Scotland into one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, was once one of the world's leading industrial cities and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation. Scottish waters consist of a large sector [12] of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union. This has given Aberdeen, the third largest city in Scotland, the title of Europe's oil capital.[13]The Kingdom of Scotland was an independent sovereign state before 1707, although it had been in a personalunion with the Kingdom of England since James VI and I succeeded to the English throne in 1603. On May 1, 1707Scotland entered into an incorporating political union with England to create the united Kingdom of Great Britain.[14][15] This union resulted from the Treaty of Union agreed in 1706 and enacted by the twin Acts of Union passed by the Parliaments of both countries,despite widespread protest across Scotland.[16][17]Scotland's legal system continues to be separate from those of England, Wales, and Northern Ireland and Scotland still constitutes a distinct jurisdiction in public and in private law.[18]The continued existence of legal, educational andreligious institutions distinct from those in the remainder of the UK have all contributed to the continuation of Scottish culture and national identity since the Union.[19]Although Scotland is no longer a separate sovereign state,issues surrounding devolution and independence continue to be debated. After the creation of the devolved Scottish Parliament in 1999, the first ever pro-independence Scottish Government was elected in 2007 when theLocation of Scotland (orange)– in the European continent (camel & white)– in the United Kingdom (camel)Legislature Scottish Parliament EstablishmentEarly Middle Ages; exact date of establishment unclear or disputed;traditional 843, by King Kenneth MacAlpin [2] Area - Total 78,772 km 2 30,414 sq mi - Water (%) 1.9Population - mid-2009 estimate 5,194,000[3] - 2001 census 5,062,011 - Density 65.9/km 2 170.8/sq miGDP (PPP)2006 estimate - Total US$194billion [citation needed ] - Per capita US$39,680[citation needed ] Currency Pound sterling (GBP )Time zoneGMT (UTC0) - Summer (DST)BST (UTC+1)Internet TLD .uk 5Calling code 44Patron saintSt Andrew [4]St Margaret St ColumbaFlower of Scotland , Scotland the Brave and Scots Wha Hae have been used in lieu of an official anthem.Both Scots and Scottish Gaelic are officially recognised as autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages;[5] the Bòrd na Gàidhlig is tasked, under the Gaelic Language(Scotland) Act 2005, with securing Gaelic as an official language of Scotland, commanding "equal respect" with English.[6]Historically, the use of "Scotch" as an adjectivecomparable to "Scottish" was commonplace, particularly outwith Scotland. However, the modern use of the term describes only products of Scotland, usually food or drink related.Scotland's head of state is the monarch of the United Kingdom, currently Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952).Scotland has limited self-government within the United Kingdom as well as representation in the UK Parliament.It is also a UK electoral region for the EuropeanParliament. Executive and legislative powers have been devolved to, respectively, the Scottish Government and the Scottish Parliament at Holyrood in Edinburgh.Also .eu, as part of the European Union. ISO 3166-1 isGB, but .gb is unused.Scottish Government was elected in 2007 when theScottish National Party formed a minority administration.Contents1 Etymology2 History2.1 Early history 2.2 Roman influence 2.3 Medieval period 2.4 Modern history3 Government and politics3.1 Administrative subdivisions 3.2 Scotland within the UK 4 Law and criminal justice5 Geography and natural history5.1 Geology and geomorphology5.1.1 Highlands and islands 5.1.2 Central lowlands 5.1.3 Southern uplands5.2 Climate5.3 Flora and fauna 6 Economy and infrastructure6.1 Currency 6.2 Transport 7 Demography7.1 Education 7.2 Religion 7.3 Health care 8 Military 9 Culture9.1 Sport9.2 National symbols 10 Food 11 See also 12 References 13 Further reading 14 External linksEtymologyMain article: Etymology of ScotlandScotland is from the Latin Scoti , the term applied to Gaels, people from what is now Scotland and Ireland,both pirates and the Dal Riada who had come from Ireland to reside in the Northwest of what is nowScotland, in contrast, for example, to the Picts.[20]Accordingly, the Late Latin word Scotia (land of theGaels ) was initially used to refer to Ireland.[21] However, by the 11th century at the latest, Scotia was being12345The founders of Scotland of late medieval legend, Scotawith Goídel Glas, voyaging from Egypt, as depicted in a 15th century manuscript of the Scotichronicon ofWalter Bower.Skara Brae, a neolithic settlement, located in the Bay of Skaill, Orkney.used to refer to (Gaelic-speaking) Scotland north of the river Forth, alongside Albania or Albany , bothderived from the Gaelic Alba .[22] The use of the words Scots and Scotland to encompass all of what is now Scotland became common in the Late Middle Ages.[14]HistoryMain article: History of ScotlandEarly historyMain article: Prehistoric ScotlandRepeated glaciations, which covered the entire land-mass of modernScotland, destroyed any traces of human habitation that may have existed before the Mesolithic period. It is believed that the first post-glacial groups of hunter-gatherers arrived in Scotland around 12,800 years ago, as the ice sheet retreated after the last glaciation.[23][24]Groups of settlers began building the first known permanent houses on Scottish soil around 9,500 years ago, and the first villages around 6,000years ago. The well-preserved village of Skara Brae on the Mainland ofOrkney dates from this period. Neolithic habitation, burial and ritual sites are particularly common and well-preserved in the Northern Isles and Western Isles, where a lack of trees led to most structures being built of local stone.[25]A four thousand year old tomb with burial treasures was discovered at Forteviot, near Perth, the capital of a Pictish Kingdom in the eighth/ninth century AD. Unrivalled anywhere in Britain, it contains the remains of an early Bronze Age ruler laid out on white quartz pebbles and birch bark, with possessions including a bronze and gold dagger, a wooden bowl, leather bag, and plant matter, later found to be flowers. This is the first evidence that early Bronze Age people placed flowers in their graves.[26][27]Scotland may have been part of a Late Bronze Age maritime trading-networked culture called the Atlantic Bronze Age that also included the other Celtic nations, England, France, Spain and Portugal.[28][29][30]Roman influenceMain article: Scotland during the Roman EmpireThe written protohistory of Scotland began with the arrival of the Roman Empire in southern and central Great Britain, when the Romans occupied what is now England and Wales, administering it as a province called Britannia . Roman invasions and occupations of southern Scotland were a series of brief interludes.In AD 83–84 the general Gnaeus Julius Agricola defeated the Caledonians at the Battle of Mons Graupius, and Roman forts were briefly set along the Gask Ridge close to the Highland line (only Cawdor near Inverness is known to have been constructed beyond that line). Three years after the battle the Roman armies had withdrawn to the Southern Uplands.[31]The Romans erected Hadrian's Wall to control tribes on both sides of the wall,[32] and the LimesBritannicus became the northern border of the empire, although the army held the Antonine Wall in the Central Lowlands for two short periods—the last of these during the time of Emperor Septimius SeverusA replica of the PictishHilton of Cadboll Stone. from 208 until 210.[33]The extent of Roman military occupation of any significant part of northern Scotland was limited to a total of about 40 years, although their influence on the southern section of the country occupied by Brythonic tribes such as the Votadini and Damnonii would still have been considerable between the first and the fifth century.[32] In the 400s, Gaels from Ireland established the kingdom of Dál Riata.[34][35]Medieval periodMain articles: Picts, Scotland in the High Middle Ages, Scotland in theLate Middle Ages, and Scottish clanThe Kingdom of the Picts (based in Fortriu by the 6th century) was the statewhich eventually became known as "Alba" or "Scotland". The developmentof "Pictland", according to the historical model developed by Peter Heather,was a natural response to Roman imperialism.[36] Another view placesemphasis on the Battle of Dunnichen, and the reign of Bridei m. Beli (671–693), with another period of consolidation in the reign of Óengus macFergusa (732–761).[37]The Kingdom of the Picts as it was in the early 8th century, when Bede waswriting, was largely the same as the kingdom of the Scots in the reign ofAlexander (1107–1124). However, by the tenth century, the Pictish kingdomwas dominated by what we can recognise as Gaelic culture, and haddeveloped a traditional story of an Irish conquest around the ancestor of thecontemporary royal dynasty, Cináed mac Ailpín (KennethMacAlpin).[2][38][39]From a base of territory in eastern Scotland north of the River Forth and south of the River Oykel, the kingdom acquired control of the lands lying to the north and south. By the 12th century, the kings of Alba had added to their territories the English-speaking land in the south-east and attained overlordship of Gaelic-speaking Galloway and Norse-speaking Caithness; by the end of the 13th century, the kingdom had assumed approximately its modern borders. However, processes of cultural and economic change beginning in the 12th century ensured Scotland looked very different in the later Middle Ages.The impetus for this was the reign of King David I and the Davidian Revolution. Feudalism, government reorganisation and the first legally defined towns (called burghs) began in this period. These institutions and the immigration of French and Anglo-French knights and churchmen facilitated a process of cultural osmosis, whereby the culture and language of the low-lying and coastal parts of the kingdom's original territory in the east became, like the newly acquired south-east, English-speaking, while the rest of the country retained the Gaelic language, apart from the Northern Isles of Orkney and Shetland, which remained under Norse rule until 1468.[40][41][42]The death of Alexander III in March 1286, followed by the death of hisgranddaughter Margaret, Maid of Norway, broke the succession line ofScotland's kings. This led to the intervention of Edward I of England, whomanipulated this period of confusion to have himself recognised as feudaloverlord of Scotland. Edward organised a process to identify the person withthe best claim to the vacant crown, which became known as the Great Cause,and this resulted in the enthronement of John Balliol as king. The Scots wereresentful of Edward's meddling in their affairs and this relationship quicklybroke down. War ensued and King John was deposed by his overlord, whotook personal control of Scotland. Andrew Moray and William WallaceThe Wallace Monumentcommemorates William Wallace, the 13th-century Scottish hero.David Morier's depiction of theBattle of Culloden.initially emerged as the principal leaders of the resistance to English rule in what became known as the Wars of Scottish Independence.The nature of the struggle changed dramatically when Robert de Brus, Earl of Carrick, killed rival John Comyn on 10 February 1306 at Greyfriars Kirk in Dumfries.[43] He was crowned king (as Robert I) less than seven weeks after the killing. Robert I battled to win Scottish Independence as King for over 20years, beginning by winning Scotland back from the English invaders piece bypiece. Victory at The Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 proved that the Scots had won their kingdom, but it took 14 more years and the production of the world's first documented declaration of independence, the Declaration of Arbroath, in 1320 to finally win legal recognition by the English.However war with England was to continue for several decades after the death of Bruce, and a civil war between the Bruce dynasty and their long-term Comyn-Balliol rivals lasted until the middle of the 14th century. Although the Bruce dynasty was successful, David II's lack of an heir allowed his nephew Robert II to come to the throne and establish the Stuart Dynasty.[41][44] The Stewarts ruled Scotland for the remainder of the Middle Ages. The country they ruled experienced greater prosperity from the end of the 14th century through the Scottish Renaissance to the Reformation. This was despite continual warfare with England, the increasing division between Highlands and Lowlands, and a large number of royal minorities.[44][45]Modern historyIn 1603, James VI King of Scots inherited the throne of theKingdom of England, and became King James I of England, and left Edinburgh for London.[46] With the exception of a short period under the Protectorate, Scotland remained a separate state, but there was considerable conflict between the crown and the Covenanters over the form of church government. After the Glorious Revolution,the abolition of episcopacy and the overthrow of the Roman Catholic James VII by William and Mary, Scotland brieflythreatened to select a different Protestant monarch from England.[47]On 22 July 1706, the Treaty of Union was agreed between representatives of the Scots Parliament and the Parliament ofEngland and the following year twin Acts of Union were passed by both parliaments to create the united Kingdom of Great Britain with effect from 1 May 1707.[15]The deposed Jacobite Stuart claimants had remained popular in the Highlands and north-east, particularly amongst non-Presbyterians. However, two major Jacobite risings launched in 1715 and 1745 failed to remove the House of Hanover from the British throne. The threat of the Jacobite movement to the United Kingdom and its monarchs effectively ended at the Battle of Culloden, Great Britain's last pitched battle.This defeat paved the way for large-scale removals of the indigenous populations of the Highlands and Islands, known as the Highland Clearances.[15] Scotland had known many famines in the past.[48] As late as the 1690s, the country experienced famine which reduced the population of parts of Scotland by at least 20 percent.[49] The Highland potato famine caused many people to leave Scotland during the period 1846–52.The Scottish Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution made Scotland into an intellectual, commercial and industrial powerhouse.[50] Almost 700,000 Scots served in the World War I,[51] mostly on the Western Front,[52] with at least 74,000 losing their lives.[53] In addition to this, between 1830 and 1930, 2 million Scots emigrated to seek better lives elsewhere.[54] After World War II, Scotland experienced an industrial decline which was particularly severe.[55] Only in recent decades has the country enjoyed something of aScotlandThis article is part of the series:Politics and government ofScotlandFirst Minister: Alex SalmondDeputy First Minister: Nicola Sturgeon CabinetCrown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service Lord Advocate: Elish Angiolini Executive agencies Public bodies ActsPresiding Officer: Alex Fergusson Scottish Parliament BuildingMembers (MSPs): 1999, 2003, 2007Constituencies and electoral regions Elections: 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011Legislative Consent Motion Her Majesty's GovernmentSecretary of State: Danny Alexander Under Secretary: David Mundell Scotland Office Reserved mattersAdvocate General: Jim WallaceParliament of the United KingdomConstituencies Grand CommitteeThe cabinet of the ScottishGovernmentcultural and economic renaissance. Economic factors which have contributed to this recovery include a resurgent financial services industry, electronics manufacturing, (see Silicon Glen),[56] and the North Sea oil and gas industry.[57]Following a referendum on devolution proposals in 1997, the Scotland Act 1998[58] was passed by the United Kingdom Parliament to establish a devolved Scottish Parliament.Government and politicsMain articles: Politics of Scotland, Scottish Parliament, and Scottish Government Scotland's head of state is the monarch of the United Kingdom,currently Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952). The title Elizabeth II caused controversy around the time ofthe queen's coronation, as there had never been an Elizabeth I in Scotland. A legal case, MacCormick v.Lord Advocate (1953 SC 396), was taken to contest the right of the Queen to title herself Elizabeth II within Scotland, arguing that to do so would be a breach of Article 1 of the Treaty of Union.The case was lost and it was decided that future British monarchs would be numbered according to either their English or Scottish predecessors, whichever number is higher.[59] Hence, any future King James would bestyled James VIII (since the last Scottish King James was James VII (also James II of England, etc.)) while the next King Henry would be King Henry IX throughout the UK despite the fact that there have been no Scottish kings of the name.Scotland has partial self-government within the United Kingdom as well as representation in the UK Parliament.Executive and legislative powers have been devolved to,respectively, the Scottish Government and the Scottish Parliament at Holyrood in Edinburgh. The UnitedKingdom Parliament retains power over a set list of areas explicitly specified in the Scotland Act 1998 as reserved matters, including, for example, levels of UK taxes,social security, defence, international relations and broadcasting.[60]The Scottish Parliament has legislative authority for all other areas relating to Scotland, as well as limited power to vary income tax, a power it has yet to exercise. TheScottish GovernmentScottish ParliamentScotland in the UKGrand CommitteeSelect CommitteeElections: 1997, 2001, 2005, 2010Lists of Scottish MPsSupreme courtsSheriff CourtsLand CourtsDistrict CourtsLord Lyon CourtEuropean ParliamentEuropean Parliament constituencyElections: 2004, 2009Subdivisions of ScotlandConvention of Scottish Local AuthoritiesPolitical make-up of local councils in ScotlandOther countries ·AtlasPolitics portalThe debating chamber of theScottish Parliament BuildingPrime Minister, in a BBC Scotland interview, hasindicated that the Scottish Parliament could be givenmore tax-raising powers.[61]The Scottish Parliament can give legislative consent overdevolved matters back to Westminster by passing aLegislative Consent Motion if United Kingdom-widelegislation is considered to be more appropriate for acertain issue. The programmes of legislation enacted bythe Scottish Parliament have seen a divergence in theprovision of public services compared to the rest of theUnited Kingdom. For instance, the costs of a universityeducation, and care services for the elderly are free atpoint of use in Scotland, while fees are paid in the rest ofthe UK. Scotland was the first country in the UK to bansmoking in enclosed public places.[62]The ScottishParliament is aunicamerallegislaturecomprising 129Members, 73 ofwhom representindividualconstituencies and are elected on a first past the post system; 56 areelected in eight different electoral regions by the additional membersystem, serving for a four year period. The Queen appoints oneMember of the Scottish Parliament, (MSP), on the nomination of theParliament, to be First Minister. Other Ministers are also appointed by the Queen on the nomination of the Parliament and together with the First Minister they make up the Scottish Government, the executive arm of government.[63]In the 2007 election, the Scottish National Party (SNP), which campaigns for Scottish independence, won the election by a one seat majority. The leader of the SNP, Alex Salmond, was elected First Minister on 16 May 2007 as head of a minority government. The Labour Party became the largest opposition party, with the Conservative Party, the Liberal Democrats, and the Green Party are also represented in the Parliament. Margo MacDonald is the only independent MSP sitting in Parliament.[64]Scotland is represented in the British House of Commons by 59 MPs elected from territory-based Scottish constituencies. The Scotland Office represents the UK government in Scotland on reserved matters and represents Scottish interests within the UK government.[65] The Scotland office is led by the Secretary of State for Scotland, who sits in the Cabinet of the United Kingdom, the current incumbent being Michael Moore.Administrative subdivisionsMain article: Subdivisions of ScotlandHistorical types subdivisions of Scotland include the mormaerdom,Scots lawScotland in the EULocal governmentGlasgow City Chambers viewedfrom George SquareParliament House, in Edinburgh, is the home of the Court of Session.Historical types subdivisions of Scotland include the mormaerdom,stewartry, earldom, burgh, parish, county and regions and districts.The names of these areas are still sometimes used as geographical descriptors.Modern Scotland is subdivided in various ways depending on the purpose. For local government, there have been 32 council areas since 1996,[66] whose councils are unitary authorities responsible for the provision of all local government services. Community councils are informal organisations that represent specific sub-divisions of a council area.For the Scottish Parliament, there are 73 constituencies and eightregions. For the Parliament of the United Kingdom, there are 59 constituencies. The Scottish fire brigades and police forces are still based on the system of regions introduced in 1975. For healthcare and postal districts, and a number of other governmental and non-governmental organisations such as the churches,there are other long-standing methods of subdividing Scotland for the purposes of administration.City status in the United Kingdom is determined by letters patent.[67] There are six cities in Scotland:Aberdeen, Dundee, Edinburgh, Glasgow, most recently Inverness, and Stirling.[68]Scotland within the UKA policy of devolution had been advocated by the three main UK parties with varying enthusiasm during recent history. The late Labour leader John Smith described the revival of a Scottish parliament as the "settled will of the Scottish people".[69] The constitutional status of Scotland is nonetheless subject to ongoing debate. In 2007, the Scottish Government established a "National Conversation" on constitutional issues, proposing a number of options such as increasing the powers of the Scottish Parliament, federalism,or a referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom. In rejecting the last option, the three main opposition parties in the Scottish Parliament have proposed a separate Scottish ConstitutionalCommission to investigate the distribution of powers between devolved Scottish and UK-wide bodies.[70]In August 2009 the SNP proposed a Referendum Bill in order to hold a referendum on independenceplanned for November 2010, although because of immediate opposition from all other major parties, it was expected to be defeated.[71][72]Law and criminal justiceMain article: Scots lawScots law has a basis derived from Roman law,[73] combining features of both uncodified civil law, dating back to the Corpus Juris Civilis , and common law with medieval sources. The terms of the Treaty of Union with England in 1707 guaranteed the continued existence of a separate legal system in Scotland from that ofEngland and Wales.[74] Prior to 1611, there were several regional law systems in Scotland, most notably Udal law in Orkney and Shetland, based on old Norse law. Various other systems derived from common Celtic or Brehon laws survived in the Highlands until the 1800s.[75]Scots law provides for three types of courts responsible for theadministration of justice: civil, criminal and heraldic. The supreme civil court is the Court of Session,Map of Scotland Loch Tummel in Perth and Kinross.although civil appeals can be taken to the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom (or before 1 October 2009, the House of Lords). The High Court of Justiciary is the supreme criminal court in Scotland. The Court of Session is housed at Parliament House, in Edinburgh, which was the home of the pre-Union Parliament of Scotland with the High Court of Justiciary and the Supreme Court of Appeal currently located at Lawnmarket. The sheriff court is the main criminal and civil court, hearing most of the cases.There are 49 sheriff courts throughout the country.[76] District courts were introduced in 1975 for minor offences and small claims. The Court of the Lord Lyon regulates heraldry.For many decades the Scots legal system was unique for a period in being the only legal system without a parliament. This ended with the advent of the Scottish Parliament which legislates for Scotland. Many features within the system have been preserved. Within criminal law, the Scots legal system is unique in having three possible verdicts: "guilty", "not guilty" and "not proven ". Both "not guilty" and "not proven"result in an acquittal with no possibility of retrial.[77] Many laws differ between Scotland and the rest of Britain, whereas many terms differ. Manslaughter, in England and Wales, becomes culpable homicide in Scotland, and arson becomes wilful fireraising. Procedure also differs. Scots juries consist of fifteen, not twelve jurors as is more common in English-speaking countries.The civil legal system has however attracted much recent criticism from a senior Scottish Judge who referred to it as being "Victorian" and antiquated.[78]The Scottish Prison Service (SPS) manages the prisons in Scotland which contain between them over 8,500prisoners.[79] The Cabinet Secretary for Justice is responsible for the Scottish Prison Service within the Scottish Government.Geography and natural historyMain article: Geography of ScotlandThe main land of Scotland comprises the northern third of the land mass of the island of Great Britain, which lies off the northwest coast of Continental Europe. The total area is 78,772 km 2 (30,414 sq mi),[80] comparable to the size of the Czech Republic, making Scotland the 117th largest country in the world.[citation needed ] Scotland's only land border is with England, and runs for 96 kilometres (60 mi) between the basin of the River Tweed on the east coast and the Solway Firth in the west. The Atlantic Ocean borders the west coast and the North Sea is to the east. The island of Ireland lies only 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the southwestern peninsula of Kintyre;[81]Norway is 305 kilometres (190 mi) to the east and the Faroes,270 kilometres (168 mi) to the north.The territorial extent of Scotland is generally that established by the 1237 Treaty of York betweenScotland and Kingdom of England [82] and the 1266 Treaty of Perth between Scotland and Norway.[15] Important exceptions include the Isle of Man, which having been lost to England in the 14th century is now a crown dependency outside of the United Kingdom; the island groups Orkney and Shetland, which wereacquired from Norway in 1472;[80] and Berwick-upon-Tweed, lost to England in 1482.The geographical centre of Scotland lies a few miles from the。
The United Kingdom of Great__ Britain and Northern
2
The flag of UK is a combination of the flags of England, Scotland, and Ireland
Brief Profile of The United Kingdom
Байду номын сангаас
Economy
Population
exchange rates, the UK is the the third largest in the European Union,the to have grown to 61,792,000, sixth largest economy in the world and the thirdlargest in the Commonwealth andand France; fifth largest in Europe after Germany the twenty-first largest in the world.; ☞ The UK serviceand 2008, the population increased by an average annual ☞ Between 2001 sector now makes up about 73% of GDP. The service sector is dominated by financial services, especially in banking and the main rate of 0.5 per cent. Natural population growth and immigration are insurance. It to population growth; financial economy in the World; contributors is the second largest ☞ .The currency of of the most densely populated areas in the world, Its the ☞ England is one the UK is the pound sterling, and it has not yet joined Euro. population account for more than 80% of The UK’s.
SCOTLAND(苏格兰)英文介绍
Employment
The employment rate in Scotland is relatively high, with a significant proportion of the workforce employed in the public sector.
Infrastructure
Scotland (Scotland) English Introduction
目录
CONTENTS
Geography and History Culture and Society Economy and Industry Politics and Government Education and Science Environment and Sustainability
Dialects and Vocabulary
History and Development
Use and Recognition
Scots Language
03
Economy and Industry
CHAPTER
GDP
Scotland's GDP per capita is higher than the UK average, with a strong service sector and high-tech manufacturing.
Scotland has significant natural resources including coal, iron ore, natural gas, and oil. The North Sea is a major source of oil and gas.
Location and Size
英语国家概况课后习题答案完整版
一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2.is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3.According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5.Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6.English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman7.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek8.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation10.At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11.The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12.By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14.The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law15.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster16.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church17.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18.was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following brancheswith the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive22.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude23.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect24.British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals25.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet26.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six27.has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland28.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party29.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism30.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development31.The British economy achieved global dominance by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32.In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194833.The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem34.Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36.Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%37.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland38.Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/339.The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned40.Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since the end of WordWar II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industry41.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introductionof comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s42.About of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independentsystem.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds fromall the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions44.Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45.To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National Vocational Qualifications46.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three” with theexception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph47.Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500 millionviewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera48.is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49.Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas50.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime51.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52.is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC.“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound53.Of Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations54.is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy55.Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.56.is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot57.Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native58.Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59.Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S. Naipaul60.Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H. Lawrence61.The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3562.The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida63.The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic toits and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64.The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66.is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67.The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks68.The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD. Asians69.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularlyfrom .A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America70.The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71.The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia72.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution in England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians73.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians74.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies75.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston76.In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a nationalgovernment.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77.Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights78.The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement79.President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy80.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms ofPresidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382.The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83.The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84.The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes85.All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86.The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88.The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two89.The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine90.The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives91.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields except .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92.The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually, to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93.Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95.The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution” except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator96.President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs like the followingexcept .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension97.About of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98.The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99.is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors100.At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%101.Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private102.Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education103.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University104.Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges105.Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S. institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107.Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University108.is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News109.Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS)110.The National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th111.Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving112.is regarded as “the father of American literature”.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving113.Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature114.Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller115.Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116.Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville117.F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature118.Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls119.Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Eugene O’Neil120.is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.A.Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD. James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T)2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F)3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(F)4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.(F)5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(T)6.Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(T)7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January.(F)8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.(T)9.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(T)10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(F)Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T)4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T)8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F)9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F)10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)Chapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government.(F)2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.(T)6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T)3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.(F)5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(T)9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F)10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.(F)3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.(T)8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)Chapter 61.The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period.(F)2.Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.(T)3.Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his father's murder.(T)4.Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad.(T)5.Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.(F)6.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.(F)7.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as "Ode to the West Wind".(F)8.Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(F)9.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II.(T)10.detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.(T)Chapter 71.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.(F)2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.(F)3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.(F)4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.(T)5.To support the government's neutrality in World War II, there was no Irishman participating in the war.(F)6.With the help of Britain, Ireland entered the EEC in 1973 without difficulties.(F)7.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern countries.(F)8.In Ireland, both the House of Representatives and the Senate have the power of making laws.(F)9.English is the only official language in Ireland, because the majority of people speak it as their tongue.(F)10.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith.(T)Chapter 8。
阿博留学全面解读迪尤肯大学
迪尤肯大学关键词：私立、大学、综合性院校简介:大学位于宾西法尼亚州匹兹堡市。
该市是宾西法尼亚州的第二大城市。
全市总面积142平方公里，人口262万。
钢铁业发达，有“美国钢铁中心”之称，是世界著名的大钢铁城市。
历史发展：迪尤肯大学的商科课程受到国际商学院联合会的高度认可(20世纪60年代至今)。
商科课程为准备攻读MBA的学生提供一个全面的商学教育，并为毕业生往后的就业铺平道路。
创立者：——校训和校徽：专研，创新官网：办学条件综合排名：2009年美国大学本科综合排名第 130 名。
办学理念：迪尤肯大学是一所天主教大学，学校秉承最高的道德标准来帮助学生构建一个良好的学习环境。
迪尤肯大学对学生没有宗教信仰要求，所有的信仰都将受到尊重和保护。
学术声誉：2013年U.S.News美国大学法律写作专业研究生排名第6名2013年U.S.News美国大学临时劳务法专业研究生排名第42名2013年U.S.News美国大学最佳教育学院(研究生院)排名第124名2013年U.S.News美国大学临床心理学专业研究生排名第157名2013年U.S.News美国大学护理学专业研究生排名第127名2013年U.S.News美国大学职业疗法专业研究生排名第36名2013年U.S.News美国大学药剂学专业研究生排名第48名2013年U.S.News美国大学物理疗法专业研究生排名第63名2013年U.S.News美国大学医师助理专业研究生排名第25名2013年U.S.News美国大学语言病理学助理专业研究生排名第62名2012年U.S.News美国大学商科类专业本科排名第154名2012年U.S.News美国大学本科综合排名第119名2012年U.S.News美国大学国际学生比例排名第151名2012年U.S.News美国最有价值大学本科排名第43名知名人物：知名华人：-特色学制：学士学位、硕士学位和哲学博士学士学位、硕士学位和哲学博士师资力量：优秀教师众多，已经培养了为数众多的优秀毕业生。
2011年秋(人教新课标必修5)高二英语：全套课件 Unit 2 The United Kingdom
The United Kingdom
Where will the 2012 Olympic Games be held?
How much do you know about the UK? What do you think of when speaking of the UK?
A Quiz
4. What happened in the 1st century AD and
the 1060s?
1. When did Wales link to England? In the 13th century AD. 2. What happened in 1603? Great Britain was the name given when England and Wales were joined to Scotland. 3. When were the industrial cities built in Midlands and North England? In the 19th century. 4. What happened in the 1st century AD and 1060s? The oldest port was built by Romans in the 1st century AD. The oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s.
1. What’s the full name of the UK? The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 2. Which is the capital of the UK? London. 3. England is divided into three main areas. Do you know what they are? The south, the midlands and the north.
纽约州立大学宾汉姆顿大学
纽约州立大学宾汉姆顿大学Binghamton University SUNY学校地址：PO Box 6000 Binghamton, NY 13902所在州：纽约New Y ork在校学生：12,983人建校时间：1946年学校排名：2012年美国大学本科排名第90名学校性质：公立学校网址：纽约州立大学宾汉姆顿大学Binghamton University SUNY 学校简介：学校建于公元1946年，其前身为三城学院（Triple Cities College），设校目的是提供当第二次世界大战后的老兵（local veterans）战后的技能训练。
学校于公元1950年并入纽约州立大学体系（State University of New Y ork，简称SUNY），当时校名为哈波学院（Harpur College），直到1992年正式改名为纽约州立大学宾汉姆顿大学（Binghamton University）。
纽约州立大学宾汉姆顿大学Binghamton University SUNY 地理位置：宾汉姆顿市地处美国东北纽约上州，是美国企业密集地区，她距纽约和费城约有3小时车程，离波士顿、华盛顿特区、妮亚加拉大瀑布、加拿大的多伦多和蒙特利城等也只有5小时的车程。
对于学生找工作，假期实习和游玩十分方便。
纽约州立大学—宾汉姆顿分校靠山面河，校园前有美国东海岸最长的河流--萨斯奎汉纳河（Susquehanna River）流过，为繁忙的校园生活增加了不少悠闲的情趣。
校地面积887英姆（acres），校园并有四分之一的面积是自然保护区（the Nature Preserve），其中包括森林、湿地、与湖泊。
纽约州立大学宾汉姆顿大学Binghamton University SUNY 院校特色：学校素有“公立长春藤”的美誉，同时也是纽约州最好的公立大学。
在2009年美国Kiplinger…s Personal FinanceMagazine针对各公立大学的评比，宾汉顿大学是最值得就读（Best Buys）与最多州外学生（Out of State）就读的学校，位列第一。
高二Unit 5 全单元教案Period 1 warming up(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)
高二Unit 5 全单元教案Period 1 warming up(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)Unit 5 the British IslesTeaching aims:1. Learn and master the following words and expressions: Consist of, lie off, stand for, Europe, bagpipe, instrument2. Improve student’s learning interests.3. Get the students to know more about the British Isles Teaching important points:Master the expressions for agreement and disagreementTeaching methods:1. Free-talk method to get the students to talk about the UK and Ireland2. Speaking activity to make the students go through the speaking task and improve the students’ speaking abilityTeaching aids: the map of the world, the picturesTeaching procedures:Step1 Lead-inT: With the development of economy and growing living standard, more and more people like to travel around. And some richer one chooses to go abroad, especially to go to Europe.A travel agent tells me that if you have 20000Yuan, you can pay a visit to Europe for about half a month. Now suppose you have enough money and time to go to Europe, which country do you prefer to travel?S: Greece, Italy, Spain, Holland, France, Norway, Germany and EnglandT: I hear someone says England, do you mean “英国”S: YesT: I am afraid you are mistaken! England is not the right name of “英国”. Do you think England is an independent country? In fact, it is not an independent country. It is just a part of the United Kingdom. UK is short for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. (Write the meaning of UK on the blackboard).Step2 Warming upT: To travel some place I think you should know something about it.T: Do you know something about UK?S: yes/noT: Ok. (Someone say yes and others say no) if you don’t know, don’t care. Today we’ll learn a new unit -the British isles. After we have learnt this unit, we’ll know more about UK and Ireland. At First, we should know the geography of the British Isles. Please look at the map of the world. Do you know where is the Europe?S: (point out )T: Yes. This part on the map is the Europe. Where is the British Isles? And where is the UK?T: I’m sure that you are very confusing. What is the difference between the British Isles and the UK? In fact, the British Isles are a group of islands lies off the west coast of the Europe. Now, please look at this map. This is the map of the British Isles. We can see from the map, there are two islands briefly. The large one is called Great Britain, the small one is Ireland. So we can say The British Isles consist of Great Britain and Ireland. (consists of由…组成 pay attention to the usage of consist of) And Great Britain consists of 3 parts. They are Scotland, England, and Wales; While UK consists of the Great Britain and the Northern Ireland. So, UK stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.T: Ok. Are you clear about the difference between the British Isles and the UK.Northern IrelandUK(Write on the Bb) WalesBritain Scotland ScottishEnglandStep3 PracticeT: Good. Well, in order to know more about UK further, please look at the pictures on page 33. Could you tell me what are they taken? guess what the picture is taken from: Scotland, England, Wales or Ireland? You should choose the right answer in 2 minutes.T: Have you got the answers? Ok I will ask some Ss to tell me their answers. could you tell me your idea?S: I think the picture one is taken from Scotland, picture two is from Ireland, picture three is from Wales and picture four is from England.T: Do you all agree with her?S: No, I think picture one is taken from Scotland, picture two is taken from England, picture three is taken from Ireland and picture four is taken from Wales.T: Do you have the same idea?S: No.T: Well, I think it is a little difficult for you to get the right answers. Never mind, let’s do it together.T: Look at the picture one. What can you see in the picture one?S: A stoneT: Yes, a stone. What does this cross look like?S: CrossT: Yes a cross. (Show a picture of a cross) This is an ancient stone cross, which can be only found in Ireland. Now could you tell me where is this picture taken from?S: Ireland.T: Right. Just now we have learnt that the Ireland consists of two parts, do you still remember?S: Yes, Ireland consists of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.T: Very good. And what can you see behind this ancient stone cross?S: GrassT: Yes, green grass. Ireland has a mild climate, so green grass can be seen everywhere.T: Before talking about picture two, please answer me one question. Do you like to read fairy tales? What fairy characters do you know?S: Yes I like fairy tales. I know Snow White, Cinderella, Sleep Beauty and so on.T: Do you like to be one of them?S: Yes.T: If you were one of them, you were a princess. And where do you choose to live with your prince?S:Castle.T: Yes, Castle. (Show a picture of castle) Some place with a lot of castles, can be called Land of Castles and also can be named Fairy Land. Do you think there is a real Fairy Land in the world?S1: NoS2: May beT: I can tell you there is a true place called Fairy Land. Do you know where it is? That is Wales. So could you tell me where is the picture two taken from?S: WalesT: Yes, you are clever.T: Look at the picture three, there’re two people in the picture, are they men or women?S: They are womenT: Why?S: Because they dress in skirt.T: But, I am sorry to tell you that you are wrong. They are men dressed in traditional kilts and playing a traditional instrument called bagpipe. (Show a picture of kilts and bagpipe). It is a typical scene seen in Scotland. So this picture is taken from Scotland.T: Besides these two men, what else can you see in the picture three?S: MountainsT: Yes. In Scotland, there are a lot of hills and mountains, so Scotland is famous for its beautiful countryside.T: Now let’s move int o the last picture. What can you see in this picture?S: A bridge.T: What’s the name of this bridge?S: London Bridge (show a picture of London Bridge)T: Where is London?S: In England.T: Yes, so the last picture is taken from England.T: What other famous architecture do you know in England?S1: Big Ben (show the picture of Big Ben)T: Big Ben is a clock acting as the symbol of London, even the United KingdomS2: London Tower (Show the picture of London Tower)T: Is London Tower a real tower?S: Maybe.T:In fact, London Tower is not a tower, but a prison.T: And in England there is a mysterious place calledStonehenge which is a place where ancient people did sacrifice (show a picture of Stonehenge)T: We know England is also famous for its good education. There’re two world-known universities in England. Do you know what they are?S: Oxford and Cambridge (show the pictures of them)T: Until now we have talked something about these four parts of British Isles. Here is the information about what we have mentioned. (Show the table of the information of these four parts)Ireland northern Ireland republic of Ireland;Green grass, mild climateWales fairy tales Land of castles, fairy landScotland kilt, bagpipe; hills and mountains, beautiful countrysideEngland Oxford university，Cambridge university; Stonehenge（巨石阵）Big Ben , London tower， London BridgeStep 4 ConsolidationDo you know some famous people in UK, such as pop stars, sportsmen and poets who we have learnt in the last unit? What is UK famous for? Do you know? You can talk about famous cities,famous people, English food and sports, films, and the way of life... Talk about whatever you know! I will give you 3 minutes, are you clear?(Show some pictures of David Backam, three bands respectively named Backstreet Boy, Westlife and The Beatles, and Shakespeare. When showing the pictures, I will explain them: David Backham is famous for his right foot. The Beatles, the band of 60s, is the most successful and famous band in the history. Shakespeare until now, is the most famous play write and poet)Ss: yes(After 3 minutes)Famous cities: London ----capital city of the UK Edinburgh ---- capital city of ScotlandBelfast ---- capital city of Northern Ireland Cardiff ---- capital city of WalesSome other cities:Manchester:home of the football club , Birmingham, Cambridge, Liverpool: the home of the Beatles etc.River ThamesFamous people: David Beckham, William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens, the Beatles, NewtonFood and sports: fish chips, Beer, high tea, tennis: Wimbledon Championship你若盛开，蝴蝶自来。
《cambridge, london and england》课文
《cambridge, london and england》课文London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. It is a bustling metropolis with a rich history, vibrant culture, and diverse population. As one of the most iconic cities in the world, London attracts millions of visitors each year who come to explore its many famous landmarks, museums, and attractions.One of the most well-known landmarks in London is the Tower of London, a historic castle that has served as a royal palace, prison, and fortress over the centuries. Visitors can take a guided tour of the tower and learn about its fascinating history, including its role in the imprisonment and execution of famous figures such as Anne Boleyn and Guy Fawkes.Another must-see attraction in London is Buckingham Palace, the official residence of the British monarch. Visitors can watch the Changing of the Guard ceremony, where soldiers in traditional red uniforms and bearskin hats march in procession outside the palace gates. The palace also features beautiful gardens and the iconic balcony where the royal family appears during special events.In addition to its historic landmarks, London is also known for its world-class museums and galleries. The British Museum houses a vast collection of art and artifacts from around the world, including the Rosetta Stone and the Elgin Marbles. The Tate Modern is a contemporary art museum located in a former power station on the banks of the RiverThames, while the National Gallery showcases masterpieces by artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Vincent van Gogh, and Claude Monet.Beyond its cultural attractions, London is a city of contrasts, with modern skyscrapers standing alongside historic buildings, bustling markets next to peaceful parks, and traditional pubs next to trendy restaurants. The city is also a melting pot of cultures and cuisines, with a diverse range of restaurants serving everything from traditional British fare to international cuisine.Cambridge, located approximately 60 miles north of London, is another iconic city in England known for its prestigious university and historic architecture. The University of Cambridge was founded in 1209 and is one of the oldest and most renowned universities in the world. The university's colleges, including Kings College, Trinity College, and St. John's College, feature stunning architecture, beautiful gardens, and historic libraries.In addition to its academic reputation, Cambridge is also known for its picturesque river, the River Cam, which runs through the city and is popular for punting, a traditional boating activity. Visitors can take a guided punt tour along the river and admire the historic colleges and bridges that line its banks.England, as a whole, is a country rich in history, culture, and natural beauty. From the rugged coastline of Cornwall to the rolling hills of the Cotswolds, from the picturesque villages of the LakeDistrict to the vibrant cities of Manchester and Liverpool, England offers a diverse range of experiences for visitors to enjoy.Whether you're exploring the historic streets of London, punting along the River Cam in Cambridge, or hiking in the English countryside, England has something to offer everyone. With its iconic landmarks, world-class museums, and vibrant culture, England is a destination that truly has it all.。
美国大学排行榜2009：2009年美国北部地区大学排名
美国大学排行榜2009：2009年美国北部地区大学排名
学校名称：美国美国大学(华盛顿特区)
所在位置：美国
新生入学，越来越多的学生关注美国大学的排名，为学子精心准备相关的排名内容供大家参考。
2009年美国北部地区大学排名
美国大学排名详细信息如下：
《2009年美国北部地区大学排名》由美国店铺meiguo.编辑整理，我们特别说明与提醒：由于各方面情况的不断调整与变化，美国店铺所提供的所有大学排名信息仅供参考，敬请学生和家长以权威部门公布的正式信息为准。
如有出入，欢迎大家予以指正！。
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England and Scotland
2009
By Magda Serwadczak
2c
This May 2nd and 3rd classes from our school went on the trip to England (London) and
Scotland
Day first –21.05.09
We started! We were traveling by bus for about 18 hours. We were really tired, but it was an interesting journey. We started at 12:30 and from Poland we came to Germany then to France (Calais) and then (by ferry) to England (Dover)
Day second –22.05.09
At 6:30 we were in England. Dover’s white clifs are so amazing. If you have never seen it –you have to! That day we spent in London –it’s really amazing and beautiful city, really modern but with soul. We ate in Chinatown, real Chinese food.
Today we left London and we went to York. It’s such a romantic place with lots of old houses. We were on The Shambles –old and really magic street in York. Then we went to Scotland.
We were in Melrose, the place where the heart of Robert I Bruce is burried. We also visited Edinburgh. It’s a beautiful city with lots of interesting people. I can say –the art city. Then we went to Scone Palace.
Today we were in a famous Loch Ness! And we saw a true monster! After this we went to Urquhart Castle. Here we made a lots of photos –amazing! We were sleeping in Oban –a very nice town. Here we ate fish and chips –traditional English food.
We went to Inveraray Castle and near Loch Lomond. For me it was really beautiful lake. Scotland is amazing! The mountains and meadows and pastures. And lots of lambs. I took hundreds of photos! After that we went to Liverpool.
Today we were in Windsor –amazing castle. We didn’t see the Queen, but… maybe some other time. We were in Guildhall –the place of Prince Carol and Camille Parker Bowels. We came back to London.
All day in London. We saw Harrods –exclusive shop and Big Ben. We were in Buckingham Palace and we saw London Eye –really, really big! We took a boat on the river Thames . Nice day!
Day 9th –28.05.09
It was the end. We came back home. Again long journey by bus. We were so happy. Maybe the same trip next year? I hope!
Our photos: That’s us!
Boys from 2b and 2a, girls from 3rd class and our history teacher
I hope You like that!。