人教版必修四unit5语法构词法
【高一同步教程】高中英语必修4 Unit5语法：构词法讲解及练习
高中英语必修4 Unit 5语法教学案Section ⅢGrammar—构词法语法图解【探究发现】①chairman主席newspaper报纸hometown 家乡airport 机场sunrise 日出②dislike 不喜欢incorrect 不正确的unlucky 不走运的retell 复述telephone 电话③reader 读者inventor 发明家Chinese 中国人Indian 印度人artist 艺术家kindness 和蔼operation 手术④water 水/浇水dry 干的/弄干book 书籍/预订nurse 护士/护理better 更好/改善[我的发现](1) ①组中的单词是将两个单词合并在一起，形成一个新的单词。
这种构词法被称之为合成法。
(2) ②组中的单词都是在各自的词根前加了不同的前缀，如dis-，in-，un-，re-，tele-等。
(3) ③组中的单词是在各自的词根后加了不同的后缀，如-er, -or, -ese, -ian等。
(4) ②③组中单词的构词法被称之为派生法。
(5) ④组中的单词所展示的构词法被称之为转化法。
英语中词的构成方法主要有三种：合成、派生和转化。
一、合成由两个或更多的词合成一个词，有的用连字符“-”连接，有的直接写在一起，还有的由分开的两个词构成。
1．合成名词构成方式举例构成方式举例名词＋名词weekend周末动词＋名词postcard明信片名词＋动词daybreak破晓动词-ing＋名词waiting-room候车室名词＋动词-ing handwriting书法形容词＋名词fastfood 快餐构成方式举例构成方式举例名词＋动词-ing English-speaking讲英语的形容词＋名词part-time兼职的名词＋动词-ed state-owned国有的形容词＋动词-ing good-looking相貌好的副词＋动词-ed widespread分布广的形容词＋名词＋-ed warm-hearted热心的构成方式举例构成方式举例形容词＋名词sometimes有时副词＋名词indoors在室内介词＋名词alongside在一边副词＋介词nearby附近4.构成方式举例代词宾格＋self herself她自己himself他自己物主代词＋self myself我自己yourself你自己形容词＋名词anything任何东西somebody某个人5.合成动词构成方式举例名词＋动词sunbathe晒太阳typewrite打字形容词＋动词whitewash粉刷safeguard保卫副词＋动词overthrow推翻upset使生气[名师点津](1) 合成词的复数形式通常是把前面的主体名词变复数。
高一英语人教必修四U5Grammar(2)
分类
举例
il→illegal非法的
un→unhappy不高兴的
im→impatient不耐烦的
常见否定前缀 dis→disappear消失
in→incorrect不正确的
non→nonstop不停
ir→irregular不规则的
新知讲解
构词法
二、派生
anti(反对；抵抗)→antiwar反战的 sub(下面的)→subway地铁 inter(互相)→ Internet互联网 re(再；又)→rewrite重写 en(使……)→enrich使富足 表示其他意义的 pre(前；预先)→preview预习 post(后的)→postwar战后 常见前缀 mid(中；半)→midnight午夜 vice(副)→vicemanager副经理 micro(微)microscope显微镜 for/fore(先；预)→forecast 预报 co(共；同)→cooperation合作 mini(小型)→miniskirt迷你裙
新知讲解
构词法
二、派生
2．后缀 后缀常会改变单词的词性，构成意思相近的其他词性； 少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。
新知讲解
构词法
二、派生
分类
常见名 词后缀
列举
er/or(从事……的人)，ese(某地 人)，ess(雌性)，ian(……的人)， ist(专业人员)，ism(主义)，ment(性质；状态)，ness(性质)，tion/ation(动作；过程)，dom(状态； 区域)
clean打扫/干净的，close关上/近的， free 使自由/自由的
新知讲解
构词法
三、转化
副词 ↑↓ 形容词
新课标人教版必修四Book4 Unit5 Grammar
(2)表示其他意义的前缀有：re- (重新), anti- (反，防), bi- (双), en- (使成为), co- (共同), sub- (下面的), post- (后的), fore- (先的),
pre- (预先的), auto- (自动的), inter- (之间的), super- (超级的，上
whitewash 用石灰水把……刷白
注意： 1．有些合成词保留了原来两个单词的意思。如： keyword 关键词 toothache 牙痛
2．有些合成词与原来两个单词的意思区别很大。如： eggplant 茄子 parkway 驾车专用道
二、转化 在词形不变的前提下，由一个词类转化为另一个词类的构 词法，称为转化法。这种构词方式主要体现在名词、动词、形 容词之间的相互转化。转化时，词形和读音可能完全不变，也 可能略有变化。 1．词形和读音完全一样的词
(2)构成形容词的常用后缀有：-able, -ible, -al, -ful, -less, -ish, -ive, -ous, -ent, -y 等。如： responsible 负责的 natural 天然的
(3)构成副词的常用后缀有：-ly, -ward, -wise 等。如：
ca则
(1)表示相反意义的前缀有：un-，in-，im-，il-，ir-，non-， dis-， mis-等。如： ①名词派生词 imbalance 不平衡 ②形容词派生词 displeasure 不快
impatient 不耐烦的 ③动词派生词 disagree 不同意
uncommon 不普通的 inactivate 使不活跃
employee 雇员 translator 翻译家
② -ance, -ence, -ancy, -(a)tion, -sion, -ment, -bility, -ship, -hood, -age, -ing, -ity, -ness, -th, -ty, -ism 等构成表示行为、性质、 状态等的抽象名词。如： invention 发明 movement 运动
人教版必修4第5单元语法教学(构词法)教学设计
中国科技期刊数据库 教育2015年22期 167人教版必修4第5单元语法教学(构词法)教学设计郭 婷陕西长武县中学，陕西 咸阳 713600摘要：通过不同的任务设置，让学生在小组活动中通过合作和探究来完成各个任务，活动既有轻松愉快的歌曲欣赏和词汇接龙，又有深层思考的讨论话题，灵活多变的任务设置激发了学生的学习兴趣和发现规律运用规律的欲望。
关键词：语法教学；构词法；激励；情景化教学 中图分类号：G633.41 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1671-5861(2015)22-0167-021 设计理念（1）指导思想和设计理念： 友善用脑教学法； 活动教学法；新课标理念下的激励教学法，在语法教学中要尝试语法教学情景化、活动化，让学生从语言实例中去认识、理解、总结规律，使其对语法的记忆更加牢固，真正体会到该语法项目的实用性、重要性及趣味性，在设计教学环节中，要给学生明确的任务，通过对任务难度层次的准确把握，使其不断感受到学习的乐趣和成就感，增强其自信，激发其潜力。
（2）教材分析：没有语法不能很好地表达，而没有词汇则什么也不能表达，新课标中对学生的词汇量要求也不断增大，而实现这一目标的最佳途径就是在教学中融入构词法知识，引导学生寻求规律，利用推进、联想、重组等方法激活学生学习新词的兴趣。
本节课的成功与否对学生的英语学习举足轻重，所以能用一种有效规律去达到事半功倍之效，学生应很期待的。
（3）学情分析：在初中及高一英语学习的基础上，学生已注意到一些英语构词现象，但大部分学生的基础知识仍较为薄弱。
在应用中发现规律，用规律去解决问题的能力较差。
而且多数学生对语法学习兴趣不大，加之构词法在教学中的情景化不是很强，学生热情不高，主动性差。
但学生的年龄特点又赋予他们旺盛的求知欲和表现欲，思维灵活，感官接受能力较强，有很好的合作性。
因此，只要设置使他们感兴趣的活动，充分调动其能动性、积极性，及时表扬、鼓励、启发、肯定，才能使他们愉快地投入到课堂活动中去。
人教版高中英语必修4 Unit 5 Theme park 语法：构词法 课件(共20张PPT)
No2 Make compound words P37:
water kind down souvenir life hard hand worth ice mobile
town phone some melon cream shop size working hearted while
3. Make compound words after the models.
A: part, long, passer, film, short, well, cold, baby, get, low, world
B: by, known, time, maker, wave, famous, sitter, term, together, lying, blooded
(2) 构成形容词: -al, -an, -ful, -ing, -y, -less national, American, careful, exciting, cloudy, useless
(3) 构成动词: -fy, -is (z)e: beautify, realize
(4) 构成副词: -ly: badly (5) 构成数词: -teen, -ty, -th
(1) dis-: disagree, dislike, disappear
(2) in-(il-, im-, ir-): incorrect, impossible, irregular, illegal
(3) un-: unhappy, unable, unfit
(4) non-: nonstop, nonverbal (非语言的)
人教版 新课标 必修四 第五单元 Unit 5 Grammar 构词法 非常实用的课件(共34张PPT)
19. bi-
bicycle
bilingual
20. tritricycle
triangle
21. multimultimedia
multitask
名词后缀
P3 8）employee interviewee
n.
–
P4 12）child neighbor
21) friend student leader scholar
derivation [‘derɪ’veɪʃn] 派生
12. over- 在…之上，过于
overhead
overcoat
overuse
overweight
overlook
13. under- 在…之下 ， 不足 underground underwear undervalue underweight
compounding [ 'kɒmpaʊndɪŋ] （合成 ）
a __g_o_o_d_-_l_o_o_k_in_g___ girl a girl that looks good a __h_a_r_d_-_w_o_r_k_in_g___ student a student who works hard _E_n_g_li_s_h_-_sp_e_a_k_i_n_gcountriescountries that speaks English __p_e_a_c_e_-l_o_v_in_g_ people people who loves peace
n. /adj.
free wise king
– n.
freedom wisdom kingdom
名词后缀
n.
– n.
book leaf pack
人教版高中英语必修四 Unit 5 Theme parks 构词法课件
Guess the meanings of the red words.
1.I will not make friends with a dishonest person.
2.When the litter boy finished, his father was speechless.
3. A bad-looking pickpocket stole my wallet
unfriendly adj. ___f_r_ie_n__d__
否定前缀
前缀(prefix)
派
注:只改变词义， 不改变
后缀(suffix)
注:只改变词类， 不改变词义
3动词后缀 4副词后缀
5数词后缀
1) 前缀(prefix): A:用来构成反义词的前缀，表否定
2.有助于了解词义
possible 反义 impossible 3.有助于辨认词类
fair反义 unfair
operate 动词 operation 名词
二.英语的构词方法:
合成（Compound） 三种构词 派生 （ Derivation ）
转化 （ Conversion ）
1.合成（Compound） 由两个或者两个以上的词结合成一个新词
1. agreed_i_s_a_gr_e_e_ 2. completei_n_c_o_m_p_l_e_te_ 3. healthyu_n_h_e_a_l_th_y__4. importantu_n_i_m_p_o_r_t_ant 5. able _u_n_a_b_le__ 6. coverd_i_s_co_v_e_r__/ _uncover 7. knownu_n_k_n_o_w__n 8. practical _im__p_r_a_ct_i_c_al 9. tidy u__n_ti_d_y__ 10. perfect _im__p_e_r_fe_c_t_ 11. visible i_n_v_i_si_b_le_ 12. fit __u_n_f_it____
人教版高中英语必修四 Unit 5 Theme parks 构词法 课件
③ -ful, 表示“充分的”，如： beautiful, helpful,useful
3.动词后缀
① -ise, -ize表示“做成；变成；……化”， 如：modernize, organize
Do you know?
3,000 !?
500!?
高考大纲要求掌握 3，000个单词! 500个短语！ 你能做到吗？
Discussion (warming up)
理解下面画线单词的意思，并给出词性。
The flowers need watering(.浇水vt.) 转
Fish live in water（. 水n.）
化
I disagree with yo（ppiness to his wi（fe幸. 福n.）
OHeurisclaashsarrodo-wmoirskivnegrymuasn（e.f努u（l.力教的室adnj..））合成
Word-formation
1．re--“又\,再” repeat, review, return, remarry
mid-, 表示“中，中间” midnight, midautumn
3. super—“在…上；加之” superman, supermarket
9)vice- 表示“副，次” vice-president, vice-chairman
disin-, im, misnonun-
dishonest, dislike incorrect, inability, impossible, misunderstand， mislead non-smoker, non-stop unable, unhappy, unfair
2020-2021学年英语人教版必修4：Unit 5 Ⅲ Grammar——构词法
6．There must be some _m_i_s_u_nd_e_r_s_ta_n_d_i_n_g (understand) between them; we should try to help them get rid of it.
7．Students are advised to keep the list of books near the desk for easy __r_e_fe_r_e_n_c_e_ (refer)．
1．合成名词
2.合成形容词
3.合成副词
4.合成代词 5.合成动词
[名师点津] (1)合成词的复数形式通常是把前面的主体名 词变复数。若没有主体名词，则在最后一个词后面加复数形式。 例如：father-in-law→fathers-in-law, grown-up→grown-ups。
(2)由 man 和 woman 构成的合成名词变复数时，两个名词 都要变成复数。例如：woman doctor→women doctors。
Social science majors are not only ⑤experiencing success in their ⑥long-term company jobs, but they are also finding jobs more easily. A study showed that many companies had filled a large ⑦percentage of their ⑧entry-level positions with social science graduates.
Unit 5
Theme parks
Section Ⅲ Grammar——构词法
人教版必修四高一英语第五单元语法点【构词法】
2018届高一英语必修四第五单元Theme Park语法点——构词法掌握一些英语构词法,对单词的记忆和理解有很大的帮助,下面我们将列举一些常用的构词法:1. 合成(Compounding2. 转化(Conversion3. 派生(Derivation1. 合成(Compounding:由两个或更多的词合成一个词,有的用连字符号”-”连接,有的直接连写在一起。
eg: wood(木+cut(刻=woodcut(木刻man(人+kind(种类=mankind(人类air(空气,空中+sick(恶心的,晕的=airsick(晕机的merry-go-round旋转木马up-to-date最新的life-size与真人一般大up-to-date为复合形容词,与out-of-date相对(落伍的;旧式的;过时的,意为“现代的;时新的”。
如:up-to-date ideas 最新的思想an up-to-date record 最新的纪录up-to-date clothes 时髦的衣服an out-of-date model 老式的模型2. 转化(conversion:由一种词性转换成另一种词性。
(即一般拼写不变,但是词性发生了变化,有时发音也变化e.g. water n. 水---- water v. 浇水dirty adj. 脏的---- dirty v. 弄脏e.g. He went in and sat down.The army downed a plane.3.派生(Derivation:由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词.1后缀(suffix①名词后缀-or actor sailor-ist scientist-ment achievement movement -(ation preparation exception-y difficulty discovery②形容词后缀-ful useful cheerful-able comfortable enjoyable -ed manned cultured-less careless fearless-ive active decisive-an European Indian③动词后缀-ize realize modernize-en widen strengthen④副词后缀-ly really extremely-ward backward eastward⑤数词后缀-teen fourteen fifteen-ty forty fifty-th ninth twelfth2前缀(prefix一般不造成词性的转变,只是引起意思的变化e.g. un-(不,或做相反动作unhappy undo im-(不 impossible impolite re-(重新 retell rewrite mis-(错误的 misunderstand个别前缀会引起词类的变化e.g. en-(使得…endanger enlargea- asleep awake。
高中英语人教版四Unit5ThemeparksGrammar构词法
高中英语人教版必修四Unit5ThemeparksGrammar:构词法学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、用单词的适当形式完成句子用括号里的单词的正确形式填空。
1．He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________（chemistry）.2．The three- ________（leg）chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off. 3．To everyone’s ________（satisfy）, the girl finished the job quite well.4．—What are you doing here?—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a pa ssage about 600 words in English.—You can write a ________（600 words）passage in English?5．No one should enter the spot without the ________（permit）of the police.6．Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________（intention）.7．________（honest）speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose.8．The police________（office）ordered him to pay a $100 fine.9．My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the _______（late）news about Iraq War? 10．The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________（long）.用所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
人教高中英语必修4 Unit5 Word formation (共17张PPT)
long-suffering 长期受苦的 far-reaching 深远的(影响)
3. 合成动词
water-ski 滑冰 overeat 吃得太多
2.转化(Conversion) —由一种词性转化
成另一种或几种词性。 1)由名词转化为动词,例如:
water n. 水 → water v. 浇水 knife n. 刀 → knife v. 用刀切 2)由形容词转化为动词,例如: clean adj.干净的 → clean v.打扫，清理 empty adj. 空的 → empty v.清空，倒空 3)由形容词转化为名词,例如: right adj. 正确的 → right n. 正确，公正 wrong adj. 错误的 → wrong n. 错误
(2) adj + n solar system 太阳系
remote control 遥控
(3) v-ing +另一词
washing machine 洗衣机
driving license 驾驶执照
2. 合成形容词
(1) 过去分词或带ed词尾的词构成。
absent-minded 心不在焉的
grey-haired 头发灰白的
5.________ speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose. A. Honestly B. Honest C. Honesty D. Dishonest
1.The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off. A. legs B. legged C. leg D. leged
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radio to pick up the program. film-maker 3. Walt Disney, the great __________, was born in Chicago in 1901.
low-lying at 4. The Dead Sea is very _________, around 395 meters below sea level.
get-together to 5. We’re having a little ___________ celebrate his birthday.
6. They often perform in the streets for passers-by the _________. 7. I’m sure you will be __________ well-known soon.
part-time long-term passer-by
film-maker
short-wave
well-known
cold-blooded baby-sitter get-together low-lying world-famous
Fill in the blanks with the words above. 1. It’s a good idea to start a part-time job to make extra money. _________ short-wave 2. It’s necessary to use a __________
Noun amusement admission
Verb amuse admit
Adjective amusing
Adverb asibly
imagination imagine imaginary imaginatively settlement settle settled / settler equipment equip equipped
5. Lucy enjoys travelling by underground That’s how she goes to ____________. work every day. 6. The children are playing happily in courtyard the _________.
⑦ athletic adj. athlete
II. ① Make compound words after the model.
A: book, boy, sea, fire, over, under,
friend, sun, how, court, day, wide
B: mark, side, burnt, friend, light,
When explosives(炸药) are used, the specialeffects men can usually receive extra money, for there is danger. When the scene begins, they send bags of explosives up which are held by wires. At the right time, they make them explode. If a church-tower looks like being hit by guns, they put explosives in several places in the tower, then they cut through some of the supports to make sure that the tower will fall.
write out the original words. ① unchangeable adj. change
② dislike v.
like
③ impossibility n. ⑤overwork v. work
possible
④ unfriendly adj. friend ⑥ misunderstanding n. ⑧misread v. read ⑨ translator n. translate understand
attraction attract attractive attractively
In a scene, the director wanted a swimming fish to stop and stare at an actor and then swim away. The special-effects was that man controls the fish with a harmless use of electricity. Jim White has been a special-effects man for 32 years and is famous for his work with ships and airplanes. For a movie about World War II, he built a 165-foot-long wooden boat. As it sailed in the Pacific, it seemed so real that a USA military plane was flying down, trying to attack it. For fires, the special-effects man often uses pipes and gas instead of wood for gas can burn instantly and can be kept under control more easily.
Word formation 构词法
构 词 法 知 识
Compound 合成法
Derivation 派生法
Conversion 转化法
I. Make compound words after the model. A: part, long, passer, film, short, well, cold, baby, get, low, world B: by, known, time, maker, wave, famous, sitter, term, together, lying, blooded
yard, fighter, fighter, ground, coat,
ship, spread
Model: book + shop = bookshop
② Fill in the blanks with the words above. 1. The fire lasted about 4 hours before firefighters could control it. the __________ 2. At school she formed a close friendship with several other girls. _________ 3. They decide to spend their holiday at seaside the _______. overcoat before 4. He put on a hat and ________ he went out.
Unit 5 Grammar
Word formation
butterfly downtown football hardworking ice cream kindhearted laptop homeland passer-by eggplant
worn-out northeastern earthquake mobile phone mankind headline easy-going watermelon worthwhile