2010年河北大学硕士研究生复试英语试题
【最新】河北大学复试形式复试内容复试经验面试技巧复试资料致考研路上正在准备复试的追梦人
河北大学复试形式复试内容复试经验面试技巧复试资料—致考研路上正在准备复试的追梦人一、河北大学复试形式：河北大学复试主要是考专业课笔试和专业综合面试两项内容，在专业综合面试的时候会考外语口语和听力。
1、专业课笔试，满分为100分，考试时间为2.5小时。
2、专业综合面试满分为100分。
专业综合面试主要对考生的知识结构和综合能力进行测试，面试时间一般不少于15分钟。
英语听力和口语水平测试由精通外语的导师或外国语学院老师担任，面试的时候全程会录音、录像，大家要有意识练习自己英语口语和听力，因为这是所有考生的硬伤。
二、复习方法及面试技巧1、专业课笔试（100分）：文科专业一般是考3-5道论述题，考试时间一般为2.5个小时，有些专业的题目可能是跟当年的时事热点紧密相关的。
如新闻学、传播学、新闻与传播专硕的专业课笔试可能会考到当年的热点新闻事件，也有可能考新闻评论，大家注意格式要正确，要有论点、论据。
个别专业可能会考中央重要会议议题，中央经济工作会议主要内容，宏观经济形势，中央新的政策、新的提法等等，如经管类专业。
这就要求我们反复研究历年复试真题，分析一下往年复试真题命题规律和侧重点，做有针对性的复习。
2、专业综合面试（100分）：专业课面试每个专业和每个专业的具体安排都不太一样，灵活多变，但是需要提醒大家几点：1.如果导师问的你的那个问题你不会，切忌胡编滥造，一定要说话客气、恭敬、谦卑，先对问题或者题目用你学过的知识简单复述一下，然后回答出书本上对于这个问题的详细阐述及答题要点，最后说出你个人对这个问题的认识、看法、见解和观点，可以举例辅助说明，同时能延长你回答问题的时间。
2.穿着一定要大方、得体，女生可化淡妆，不要化浓妆，男生不一定非得穿西装，穿休闲装就可以；3.建议大家最好能大大方方地把自己的名字工工整整地写在黑板上，引起老师们的注意，这可能会给你增加印象分，给老师们留下比较好的印象。
三、河北大学复试，在哪些情况下复试可能被刷1．对于没有达到报考条件或提供与报考材料学历不符、年限不符等虚假信息的考生，不予录取。
河北大学(已有10试题)
河北大学电子信息工程学院电路分析根底2021电路分析技术2007电路分析2021-2021模拟电子技术根底2021——2021-2021电子技术根底2007——2021-2021数字信号处理2021——2021-2021半导体物理学2005高等数学2006——2021控制理论与数学电子根底2006通信原理2005，2007——2021-2021通信原理、信号与系统2006微电子学根底2007微电子技术根底2006，2021自动控制理论2007——2021-2021自动控制原理2005传感器技术2007——2021-2021电磁学2007——2021-2021管理学院财政学、社会保障2007——2021电子商务2007专业综合〔行政管理专业〕2021——2021-2021 公共管理学2007——2021-2021公共管理学〔单独考试〕2007管理学2021——2021-2021行政管理综合2007西方经济学2005——2021-2021管理信息系统2007财政学2006财政学、劳动经济学2005微观经济学、管理学2005——2006会计学综合2005——2021-2021企业管理综合2007——2021-2021劳动和社会保障2006社会保障学2005信息检索2021——2021-2021情报学根底2021-2021图书馆学根底2005——2006，2021-2021信息资源建设2005——2006信息资源管理2007——2021档案学根底2021-2021公共财政与社会保障2021-2021化学与环境科学学院高等数学2007——2021高分子化学与物理2005——2006高分子化学2021-2021化学综合2006——2021〔注：2006年的试卷共7页，缺P7〕环境化学2005——2006，2021——2021-2021环境监测2021——2021-2021环境监测与环境工程2006无机化学2005——2021-2021物理化学2005——2021-2021物理化学〔结构化学〕2005——2006有机化学2005——2007，2021-2021分析化学2005，2007——2021-2021机械与建筑工程学院材料力学2021——2021-2021工程力学2006理论力学2005教育学院教育学专业根底综合〔全国统考试卷〕2007——2021-2021〔2007——2021-2021有答案〕心理学专业根底综合〔全国统考试卷〕2007——2021-2021〔2007——2021-2021有答案〕教与学的根本理论2007——2021-2021比拟教育学2005开展与教育心理学专业综合考试2005教育管理学2005教育技术学2005——2021-2021教育学〔比拟教育学专业〕2005教育学〔教育史专业〕2005教育学〔教育原理专业〕2005教育学综合2006教育原理2005心理学概论2005——2006，2021——2021-2021心理学研究方法2006，2021——2021-2021信息技术教育应用2005中外教育史2005——2006经济学院人口学2021人口学理论2005——2007，2021-2021统计学2005人口统计学2005〔注：本试卷共2页，缺P2〕西方经济学2005——2021-2021政治经济学与西方经济学2007——2021-2021西方经济学与政治经济学2005——2006政经与西经2005货币银行学2005人口、资源与环境经济学2005社会学理论2007人文学院语言学根底2007——2021文学根底2007——2021-2021汉语言根底2021-2021古代汉语2006古代汉语〔汉语言文字学专业〕2005，2021-2021〔注：2005共2页，缺P1〕古代汉语〔中国古典文献学专业〕2005古代汉语、现代汉语2006古代汉语与文献2006，2021-2021古代文学与外国文学2005文学批评2005文艺理论2005——2006文学理论2021-2021现代汉语与古代汉语2005〔注：本卷共2页，缺P1〕现代汉语与语言理论2005——2006语言学理论2005中国古代文学2006，2021-2021中国现当代文学2005——2006，2021-2021中国文学史〔中国古代文学专业〕2005中国文学史〔中国古典文献学专业〕2005综合〔中国古代文学专业〕2005〔注：本卷共2页，缺P1〕综合课〔中国语言文学所有专业〕2006历史学专业根底〔全国统考试卷〕2007——2021历史学根底2021-2021史学概论2005历史综合〔中国近现代史专业〕2006历史综合〔专门史专业〕2006古代汉语〔历史学、中国古代史专业〕2005中国古代史2005——2006中国近代史2005中国近现代史2006中国通史2005——2006中国现代史2005东北亚国际关系史2003年复试试卷宋辽夏金史方向2003年复试试卷中国古代经济史方向2003年复试试卷中国古代政法史方向2003年复试试卷中国古代史专业同等学力考生加试题2003年复试试卷中国古代史专业2003年复试试卷中国古代史专业同等学力考生加试?中国通史?试卷中国古代史专业同等学力考生加试?史学导论?试卷中国近现代史专业2003年复试试卷生命科学学院生态学2006——2021-2021生物化学2005——2021-2021生物学综合2006——2021-2021微生物学2005，2007——2021〔注：2005年试卷共2页，缺P2〕细胞生物学2005植物生物学2005动物生态学2005普通动物学2005普通昆虫学2005有机化学2005——2021数学与计算机学院高等代数与解析几何2005——2021-2021数学分析2005——2021-2021数据结构与操作系统2005——2021外国语学院二外法语2005——2021-2021二外日语2005——2021-2021英语语言技能综合2007——2021-2021英语语言知识综合2021——2021-2021英语知识综合2007语言学根底2021——2021-2021语言学根底理论2007根底英语2005——2006翻译与写作2005——2006二外英语2005，2007——2021-2021日语综合2021——2021-2021〔2021-2021缺第三页〕日本语知识综合2007日语技能综合2021日语语言技能综合2007根底日语2005综合日语2005——2006物理科学与技术学院电动力学2006——2021-2021高等数学2005——2021-2021光学2005——2021-2021量子力学2005——2021-2021电磁学2007——2021-2021普通物理2021-2021新闻传播学院文史综合2005——2021〔2021为回忆版〕传播理论与实务2005新闻传播学〔传播学〕2006新闻传播综合2006——2021〔2021为回忆版〕新闻学综合2005药学学院分析化学2005，2007——2021-2021药物分析2005，2007——2021-2021药物化学2007，2021-2021有机化学2006——2021-2021〔2021-2021共4页缺2页〕综合化学2005生物化学〔药〕2021-2021艺术学院中外美术史2007——2021-2021美学2005——2021-2021设计学概论2005，2021——2021-2021艺术概论2007——2021-2021艺术设计概论2007艺术设计理论2005——2006，2021——2021-2021艺术设计史2006——2007艺术学2005——2021-2021音乐技术理论2006——2021音乐理论2005音乐学理论2006——2021影视艺术教育2007——2021-2021视听语言2007——2021-2021政法学院政治学原理2007——2021-2021专业综合〔政治学专业〕2021法律根底2005法学根底2005伦理学2005马克思主义开展史2007马克思主义根本原理2007——2021-2021马克思主义原理2005——2006马克思主义哲学2006——2007，2021-2021马克思主义哲学〔哲学学科、马克思主义哲学专业〕2005 马克思主义哲学〔中国哲学专业〕2005马克思主义哲学原理2021毛泽东思想与邓小平理论概论2005——2006，2021-2021 邓小平理论与毛泽东思想概论2021邓小平理论与毛泽东思想2007当代中国政治与政府,政治社会学2007民商法2005诉讼法2005宪法与行政法2005行政法与行政诉讼法学2006法学综合二〔含刑法、刑事诉讼法、经济法〕2021——2021-2021法学综合一〔含法理、宪法学、民法〕2021——2021-2021理论法学〔法理学、宪法学〕2006——2007应用法学〔民法、刑法〕〔法学理论、宪法学与行政法学、民商法学、刑法学、经济法学、诉讼法学专业〕2007〔本卷共3页，缺P3〕应用法学〔法学、民商法专业〕2006应用法学〔诉讼法专业〕2006逻辑学2021——2021-2021哲学史〔马克思主义哲学、中国哲学、伦理学专业〕2007哲学史〔伦理学专业〕2005哲学史〔哲学学科、马克思主义哲学专业〕2005中西哲学史2021中国哲学史2005哲学综合2021-2021综合考试〔西方哲学局部〕2006社会学理论2007——2021-2021社会学研究方法2007——2021-2021公共管理学2007——2021-2021公共管理学〔单独考试〕2007专业根底课〔法律硕士〕2007综合课〔法律硕士〕2007当代中国政治与政府政治社会学2021-2021质检学院传感器技术2007——2021-2021电子技术根底2007——2021-2021。
河北大学研究生英语阅读课后翻译
UNIT 11 the new conquerors (called the Normans) brought with them a kind of french ,which became the language of Royal Court ,and the ruling and business classes 。
翻译：新的征服者（称为诺曼）带着一种法国，成为皇家法院语言，执政党和业务类2 Towards the end of Millde English ,a sudden and distinct change in pronunciation (the Great Vowel Shift) started ,with vowels being pronounced shorter and shorter 接近Millde英语年底，在发音突然明显变化（大元音转变）开始，与元音被明显短3 Late Modern English has many more words ,arising from two principal factors: firstly , the Industrail Revolution and technology created a need for new words ;secondly ,the British Empire at its height covered one quarter of the earth’ s surface, and the English language adopted foreign words from many countries.晚了现代英语中有许多更多的单词,所产生的两个主要因素:首先,工业革命和技术创造出了一个需要新的的话;其次,大英帝国覆盖在其高度的四分之一的地球的表面,英语外来词来自许多国家采用。
4 From around 1600, the English colonization of North America resulted in the creation of a distinct American variety of English. Some English pronunciations and words "froze" when they reached America.从1600年左右,英国的殖民北美创造了一个独特的美国的各种各样的英语。
学位英语真题
2010年5月河北省学位英语考试真题一、语法词汇（50个小题，每个0.5分，共25分）书上的原题有：(按所在单元排序)第一单元：Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is C.exaggerated.Geologists use artificial earth shocks C.in their search for petroleum.第二单元：Some of his suggestions have been adopted but others have been turned B.down as the are quite impracticable.We A.had thought of paying you a visit but the bad weather prevented us from doing so.第三单元Although the cyclist was unhurt, his bicycle was A.crushed between the lorry and the wall.Having missed the last bus, Bob had no alternative C.but to take a taxi home though he did not like the idea.Mr.Johnson preferred A.to be given heavier work to do.第四单元Although these people knew that their boss was in a difficult situation, they were still D.sticking by him.Wouldn't it be wise to D.check on the possibility of rain before planning the garden party?We were surprised at A.his not passing the exam.第五单元How can you best C.cultivate habits of the English language?A.Deprived of the financial means to remain independent, Thomas Edison was compelled to seek employment as a night telegraph operator.第六单元The old buildings blend with the new ones in perfect C.harmony so a walk along Nanking Road is an enjoyable discovery.The alarm clock didn’t ring his morning, You D.must have forgotten to wind it last night.第七单元Most people who travel in the course of their work are given traveling B.allowances.If only we B.had done as we were told! This would never have happened.第八单元No effective C.remedy has been found for this fatal disease which claims thousands of lives each year.By success I don’t mean A.what is usually thought of when that word is used.第九单元The court considers a financial D.penalty to be an appropriate way of punishing him.I’m pleased with what you have given me and B.all that you have told me.The reason C.why he rejected our plan is that he had no faith in us.第十单元What I have most is making a great C.fuss about such a simple matter.I had just started back for the house to change my clothed B.when I heard voices.第十一单元It is almost impossible for me to meet her C.unless she really comes to see me.第十二单元Three days after the trial the prisoner was C.executed secretly, and the body was buried under a tree inside the prison.第十三单元He said he had C.witnessed the performance of the new model and was surprised at what he had seen then.Lastly, what are the special responsibilities, C.if any, of the scientists toward the community?第十四单元Frankfurt, Germany, is one of the most A.densely populated regions of Western Europe.The total number of articles published on cancer B.is amazing.第15单元There would be about 10 million other planets in the universe that could physically A.resemble the earth.第16单元Some creatures, for example, lizards,can B.reproduce lost parts of their bodies, but we human beings can not.Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper B) following it closely.The price of beer A)ranged from 50 cents to $4 per liter during th e summer season二、阅读理解（6个阅读理解，30个小题，每小题1.5分，共45分.有下划线的部分是需要翻译的）1.本题选自课外，是六级的模拟试题Good sense is the most equitable distributed (divide) thing in the world , for each man considers himself so well provided with it that even those who are most difficult to satisfy in everything else do not usually wish to have more of it than they have already. It is not likely that everyone is mistaken in this; it shows, rather, that the ability to judge rightly and separate the true from the false, which is essentially what is called good sense or reason （很强的判断力）, is by nature （生来）equal in all men, and thus that our opinions differ not because some men are better endowed with（获得的判断力）reason than others, but only because we direct our thoughts along different paths, and do not consider the same things, for it is not enough to have a good mind: what is most important is to apply it rightly. The greatest souls are capable of the greatest vices; and those who walk very slowly can advance much further, if they always keep to the direct road, than those who run and go astray （误入迷途）.For my part, I have never presumed my mind to be more perfect than average in any way; I have, in fact, often wished that my thoughts were as quick, or my imagination as precise and distinct, or my memory as capacious or prompt, as those of some other men.And I know of no other qualities than these which make for the perfection of the mind; for as to reason, or good sense, inasmuch as it alone makes us men and distinguishes us from thebeasts(animals), I am quite willing to believe that is whole and entire in each of us, and to follow in the common opinion of the philosophers who say that there are differences of more or less only among the accidents, and not among the forms, or natures, of the individuals of a single species.1、According to the author, the three elements that comprise the perfect mind are ____A.Tenacity（固执）of thought, capacious memory, quickness of mindB.precise imagination, tenacity of memory, quickness of thoughtC.quickness of wit, ease of conscience, quickness of thoughtD.promptness of memory, distinctness of imagination, quickness of thought2、The basic idea of the first paragraph may be stated as follows: _____A.all persons have an equal portion of good will when they are bornB.great souls are capable of great evilC. good sense, in terms of its distribution among persons, may be called common senseD.good sense is the mark of the truly good person3、About himself, the author states that _____A.he had always sensed his mental superiority over most personsB.his awareness of his mental superiority over other was something that grew slowly, with experienceC.he actually regards his own mental faculties as inferior in many ways to those of the great majority of persons.D.he has never had the feeling that his mind was more perfect than average in any way4、The author claims that what sets human beings apart from beasts is _____.A.a sense of organization combines with the ability to createB.the ability to adapt to the surroundingsC.a sense of reason coupled with a strong sense of practicalityD.a sense or reason5、According to the author the ability to distinguish between the true and the false is ____.A.endowed by nature to all creaturesB.endowed in equal measure to all peopleC.more heavily present in some people that in othersD. an unnatural, cultivated trait in all people参考答案：1.D 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.B2.本题为教材第9单元课后阅读理解二是今年（2010）上半年教材新添的内容详见：/s/blog_56573c7e0100ikji.html1. What main idea does the author want to convey in the first paragraph?B) Man came to establish a close relationship with a number of animals.2. When an animal is underfed，it will probably ____.A) refuse to obey its master3. Which of the following is NOT true of dogs according to the passage?D) The Husky and the Saluki are the strongest breed ever known in the world.4. To keep a domestic animal physically fit，its owner is advised ____.B) to pay attention to its proper feeding5. Which of the following would be best TITLE for this passage?A) Domesticated Animals - Man’s Best Friend4.本题选自课外，是2002年6月四级试题In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress — it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!” If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many — like the death of a loved one — are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignor es a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also knowthat a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.1. The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tells us __________.A) the way you handle major events may cause stressB) what should be done to avoid stressC) what kind of event would cause stressD) how to cope with sudden changes in life2. The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to _________.A) widespread concern over its harmful effectsB) great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC) an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD) popular avoidance of stressful jobs3. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ________.A) how much pressure you are underB) how positive events can change your lifeC) how stressful a major event can beD) how you can deal with life-changing events4. Why is “such simplistic advice” (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow?A) No one can stay on the same job for long.B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.C) People have to get married someday.D) You could be missing opportunities as well.5. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ________.A) nervous when faced with difficultiesB) physically and mentally strainedC) more capable of coping with adversityD) indifferent toward what happens to them答案1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. C5.选自第25单元课后阅读理解一本题在2009年3月版、9月版、2010年3月版教材中都有1.The author claims that there is a difference in reading speed .B.among all the readers2.A good reader is a reader who .C.changes his speed according to the kind of text3.The author says that when reading a novel, a good reader can quickly read .C.the major part in the book4.The last two sentences of the first paragraph mean that .B.slow for a non-serious book may be too fast for a difficult one.5.Which of the following can be the title of the passage?D.Difference in the Speed and Efficiency of Reading.6.节选自教材第18单元课文：Taboos in America -美国人的禁忌是今年（2010年）上半年新添的课文试题中节选了第1、3、4、5、8段详见:/s/blog_56573c7e0100ij8o.html点击我返回本博客首页/xuewei3点击我返回本博客首页三、完型（20个空，每空0.5分，共10分）本次考试的完型填空选自教程第10单元此题为今年(2010年)上半年教材新添内容点击查看/s/blog_56573c7e0100ic3f.html四、翻译（20分，6道题，每题3-4分。
河北大学硕士研究生复试面试英语英文自我介绍
Self-introduction自我介绍Name：William Shakespeare Graduated University：×××××××××××Major：English Literature Admission Time：20XX-09-01—20XX-06-30Telephone：+86×××××××(MP)E-mail：520521××××@（后附范文5篇及10类常见问题解答,总有一个适合你！）20XX年XX月XX日目录范文一（英文） (3)范文一（中文） (4)范文二（英文） (5)范文二（中文） (6)范文三（英文） (7)范文三（中文） (9)范文四（英文） (10)范文四（中文） (11)范文五（英文） (12)范文五（中文） (16)十类常见问题解答 (17)（一）"What can you tell me about ......?". (18)（二）"What would you like to be doing......?" . (19)（三）"What is your greatest strength ?" (19)（四）"What is your greatest weakness?" (20)（五）"How do you feel about your progress to date?" (21)（六）行为面试问题 (21)（七）压力面试问题 (22)（八）案例面试问题 (22)（九）非常规问题 (23)（十）其他常见的英语面试问题 (24)范文一（英文）--适合医学、理、工、农、艺、政治经济学相关专业Good afternoon dear professors, my name is ××, it is really a great honor to have a chance for this interview.Now I‟ll introduce myself briefly. I am ××years old, born in ××province.I received my bachelor degree in 20××, supervised by Professor ××, in ××University.I have been interested in scientific research. In the past few years, I published more than ××（5）papers about numerical methods for the fractional PDE. Furthermore, I am participating in the research of two projects funded by National Natural Science Foundation. At the same time, I undertake a lot of teaching loads, more than ××（200）periods each year.However, with the time going on, the more I studied and experienced, the clearer I realized that I really need study further. Thus, I began to prepare for ××（the doctor‟s entrance examination）. Owing to my hard work, I passed the first examination. If I am given the chance of further study, I will work hard to enrich my knowledge and make myself to be a well-qualified ××（doctor）.I am very easy to get on with, so I have lots of friends. Sometimes I prefer staying alone, reading, surfing the internet to gain some latest news of my profession, also, I‟m keen on ××（playing basketball）.。
河北大学研究生英语口语测试问题详解
1.How have science and technology changed our life and work?As the saying goes: Science and technology are the first productive force."The modern age is an age of science and technology.The rapid development of science and technology and progress of our society have a huge change in our life and work.Living conditions:The advance of science and technology brings us happiness of life, improving the quality of our lives.There are some new things that have enriched our life. For example,the lights keep us away from the darkness and the Air conditioning make us away from the heat in sommer.All of these scientific and technological achievements make us live more comfortable and convenient.Transportation :We all know the story of Emperor Tang sent to far away places picked litchi for Yang in order to make her happy.It is said that a lot of people dead because of traveling long distances.In primeval times, walking and horse-riding are the main way of transportation.But now these inefficient ways have been replaced by modern transportation.Modern transportation is chiefly developed can take you to anywhere you want to in a short time.On the other hand, local produce can be also taken to somewhere else to sell.Entertainment :Many modern inventions make our entertainment life moreparing with several years ago our daily activities changed a lot.Today, people prefer to stay at home, chatting on line,playing video games would rather than go out.Environment And Health :Obviously, the development of industry to make our environment becomes more and more worse.For instance, global climate is warming now.What caused this?This is called the greenhouse effect.The use of chemicals produced a lot of carbon dioxide which can make the climate warm.So we should pay more attention to these problems.Science and technology is like a magician who is changing our lives all the time.We should make a good use of it and avoid the disadvantage.2. Compare Western and Chinese customs. List similarities and differences on three occasions.As we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects.I will focus on the differences of diet custom and teaching system.For your better understanding ,I will set examples of China and America.It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese.But people in America prefer to forks and knives.This different result is based on different food they like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak,bread,and salad,while Chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes andrice.What is more,the custom of drinking tea in China and drinking coffee in America are stand out particularly.However,there is a trend that the food in both countries has been mixture.For example,the coffee and bread have introduced to China.The famous KFC is very popular at children.The gap of teaching system between China and America is big.Chinese students always complain about their homework.Too much homework has limited the time to exercise and relax.They have to recite many things as to get a high mark.Homework comes the first to them.In my opinion,the study in America is more interesting .Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realastic life not to emphasis on the importances of memories.In a addition,the rate of going to school ,the salary of teaching ,and the job of gruduates are quite different,too.I should say that Chima government should make great efforts to improve its teaching syetem.I am also expect to be one day ,the West give more cheersto our country.3. What kinds of movies do you like?Different people like different types of movie.Some people like to watch a movie that makes them think .They prefer movies with a murder investigation or some kind of intricateplot.Other people prefer movies that make them laugh.Personally.I like affectional movie.If you ask me what my favorite movie is .I can tell you without any nesitation Titanic . It is a love story about ROSE and JACK . It is well known almost in the whole world .jack and rose meet on the deck. When jack saw rose ,he knew that he would love her so deeply,also can say that they fell in love with each other for the first sight .jack let rose change her wrong attitude and made her very happy .he let roe know the value of life .he said :I figure life a gift and I don’t intend on wasting it. Another classic sentence is:only life is priceless,making each day count!Unfortunately.one night .Titanic met a serious accident on the way to America .not only jack and rose but also many other passenger’s fell into the nippy Atlantic ocean.After the painful fight ,jack died .but ,I can still remember what jack said before his death :listen rose .you’are gonna get out here.you’are gonna go on and make lots of babies .and you’are gonna watch them grow.you’are gonna die on old……an old lady warm in her bed ,but not here not this night .not like this. He was so cold that couldn’t say a word .winning that ticket,rose was the best thing that ever happened to me …it brought me to you .and I’m thankful forthat .rose .you must do me this honor .promise me you will survie .that you wont giveup ,promise me now .I am touched by jack’s words .this made him great self giving and self forgetful .Titanic is eternal .also jack also Leonardo.4. What makes a happy marriage?Everyone wants a happy marriage and choosing their Mr. or Miss Right becomes a vital and cautious task. A false choice may lead to an unsuccessful marriage. So we may wonder if there is a golden ratio for a happy marriage. Fortunately, someone has done some researches and put forward the so-called “Golden Ratios”in terms of height, age, monthly salary, and soul distance.Girls hope to find handsome and tall boyfriends. The latest studies point out it is perfect that a man is 12 centimeters taller than his girlfriend. In terms of age, as we all know, girls are more mature than boys at the same age. Therefore, it is better for girls to marry those boys who are 3 years older than them. As for salary, in the Chinese tradition, husbands are the breadwinners and they shoulder the responsibility for supporting the family while wives are ought to be housewives and take care of all the family affairs. At last, it is also important to have a certain soul distance. After getting married, both husband and wife still need privacy.However, if all the conditions meet, will the marriage turn to a happy one? Unfortunately, the answer may be “NO”.because marriage is not a mathematical formula. Then what really makes a happy marriage? Mutual understanding, tolerance and appreciation contribute to a happy marriage. Before walking down the aisles, we should bare our heart to our future spouses because we should know what person we are going to marry. Meanwhile, mutual understanding is also a bridge which can solve trivia in marriage. We should try to understand our partners and know what he or she needs and overcome the difficulties together. To learn how to appreciate is also necessary. We should believe that the person we get married to is the best in the world and shouldnt compare him or her with others because it will make our partners feel sad. We should try to appreciate our spouses advantages and value them. Meanwhile, manage to help them correct their shortcomings.Getting married is an important step in our life. Thus we should first learn the true meaning of marriage and then make a good choice. In this way, everyone can enjoy a happy marriage.5. Which do you prefer, living in the city or in the country? And give your reasons.Where should we live? Some may choose to live in big cities, while other like the natural and quiet surroundings in countryside. As far as I am concerned, I would like to live in a big city because living in a big city has more advantages than living in countryside.To begin with, the city is the symbol of human civilization and there are a many facilities for living, recreation and health care. Therefore, living there is more convenient than living in countryside. For example, we can find a plenty of malls around our neighborhood, where we can buy everyday necessities at a low price. Furthermore, people concern more about their health and safety than other things in their lives. In big cities, medical facilities and emergency services are easily accessible than in countryside. Big cities also have convenient transportation and utility systems. They also offer faster Internet connections. These all make our life easier in big cities.In addition, we can take part in a variety of events in big cities. Human being likes to live together and need to interact with each other. In a big city, the population density is high therefore there are always plenty of social activities, sports events and concerts. There are more recreational places in big cities, such as opera houses, movie theatres, clubs, and swimming pools. You will have many kinds of entertainment in big cities, and meet many people. In countryside, however, the life may be dull and quite, and you may only have a few neighbors. Living alone with few activities can easily cause mental diseases.Some may argue that the pollution in cities makes people sick. However, with automobiles and modern highways we can easily take a break to expose to fresh air in countryside and sunshine on the beach.In conclusion, I strongly hold that living in big cities is much better than living in countryside because of the advanced facilities and social activities in cities. Moreover, the autos and highways enable us to enjoy the natural and quiet surroundings in countryside.6. Do you think we should worry about the environment?What can we do about pollution? Yes!Nowadays, the environmental problems are very serious, particularly, along with the industrial development, people always emphasize to the part of economy, but they neglect the environmental problems that to be brought by the industry. As a citizen in nowadays, we should protect our environment as possible as we can.The biggest threat to our environment today is a variety of the pollution ,cover the gas that are brought by the cars and the mills, they will harm our health if let out to the air. And if the waste water that are let out by the mills come into the river, it can also cause the pollution of the water resource. On the other hand, the deforesting and the global warming are the important reason to cause the environment. Mankind has now cut down half of the trees that existed 10000 years ago. The loss of trees upsets the ecosystem as tree are necessary to build topsoil, maintain rainfall in dry climates, purify underground water and to convert carbon dioxide to oxygen, and they can bring water up from the ground. In short, a series of deforesting will bring more pollution. Global warming results from the burning of fossil fuels, such as petroleum products, resulting in the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases then trap heat, resulting in warming of our atmosphere.Technological development offer convenience to people in nowadays. But technological development also can impact on the environment, we need to develop technology, but in the mean time, we also need protect our environment, perhaps we are blind to the environmentproblems, but when it more and more serious and so that to harm the whole earth, we will too late to regret it. So we should protect our environment, for example, going out by bike to replace the car and protect the trees, make publicity for protect environment.In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. Though we are young we can still do something to help. I believe if everyone thinks about pollution and recycling the future is hopeful, and we can make the world a better place to live in.7. What do you think about the one-child policy?In my opinion, the China’s one child policy is a population control success.Many people know that China is a overpopulation country and it is the most people country in the world. We have 1.25 billions people now. And it will be 1.5 billions people until 2033,is will be the summit population at that time.In China, we have many problems relate to the overpopulation now. Such as many students graduated at the university and then they want to find a job. But it is very difficult for them. We have a joke about this situation, if you finish school in university, that means you will out of work (the pronounce of “finish school” and “out of work” in mandarin are the same).Too many people means the employment post will no enough. The employment tension is too big. The people have to rivalize in society.Another reason that I agree this policy is the society care and economy care for the people is lack in China. And China is no like Canada that people have the all free medical care. As a result, China has too many people, so it is short of the education. But now is better than before because the government want to improve the quality of the Chinese. The benefit of the Chinese is not ensuring.The third reason is the tradition custom which is well-known phenomenon of “missing girls” . This problem occurs many years in China. So if we have the policy of one child ,then this situation will be better than before. Now in many city of China, the girls have the same status like boys. They have the nice job and have the high education.So I think that Chinese government create this policy is adapt to China’ situation.Maybe you think that the one child policy is no respect the rights of the individual, but now in many Chinese’s idea, the right s of the society collectively should prevail the personal decisions.The policy is success because it controls the population well in a propriety confine. China is one of the low TFR countries in the world now.Although the policy is success, it still has some problems. In China, more and more families have the only onechild ,so the parents give the best thing for the child and the children don’t have to do the things if they don’t like it. Some child do all the things they like and they don’t care other people’ feeling. They always feel alone and don’t want to make a friend. They are short of term-work.But I think that the government can do somethingto solve this problem. They can do the things like Canada ,the student can be the volunteer and go out to help the people. The government can take some course like the mentality lesson to help the children correct their shortcoming.Above is my opinion of the one child policy in china. I think is a success policy.8. Should smoking be banned in public places?Should smoking be banned in public places? Answers to this question vary greatly. Some people, especially, smokers insist that smoking should not be banned in public places. They think smoking has been an inalienable part of their life. When they are overcomed by the desire of smoking, they have to light a cigarette. So smoking should not be banned in public places.But others hold that smoking should be banned in public places since it is extremely harmful. They expand on the reasons as follows.First of all, there is no doubt that smoking does harm to the health of both the smokers and nonsmokers. The possibility of having cancer to the people who breathe in the smoke is much higher than the smokers. So smoking should be banned for the safe of others’health.Second, there has been a great increase in casualties in fire accidents caused by smoking in recent years. And we have also seen the ground littered with cigarette ends. Thus smoking proves to be a source of pollution for the environment and a major threat to life and property.Third, smoking in public places should be seen as an immoral behavior in our society since it is not merely an individual business. It makes a difference to everybody in the society. Everyone should have a sense of community, including smokers.Although there is some truth in both arguments, I think one person always belongs tothe society. The individual benefit must be subordinated to that of the society. What’s more smokers can also benefit from this ban which helps them get rid of smoking. It’s obvious that the advantages of this ban is much more than its disadvantages. So why do not we carry out this helpful ban？I’m sure that people can benefit from this ban greatly.9. What do you think are the most important factors when you choose a university?Nowadays, more and more students have an opportunity to go to a college. So ho w to choose a “best” university for us having been the most difficulty problem we have to face.After we have graduated from high school, we must decide a university which we would spend four years.But many students are being confused; they don’t know wha t kind of school they can choose and which school they should choose. Some students couldn’t correctly understand themselves and always long for a good one, even many parents help their children buy a college.In my opinion, before we decide to choose a university, we should know lots of information that is related to the different school. There are four main factors we will talk about.Firstly.interest. Which school you want to choose should depend on what interest you have. Interest is the best teacher.If students don’t like the school or their major ,they wont learn it seriously.After four years latter,the student will learn nothing and cant find a satisfying job.Secondly,major.The major in university has a lot of contact with your further job. So itsimportant for us to choose a correct major .not only met your interest ,but also have a bright Employment prospect.This chose is very difficult and needs wise decision ,because many students don’t listen to their parents idea,but its too late to regret it .when they are going to find a job.Thirdly.professors. an excellent professor in a university means an abundant fountain of knowledge. Professors of famous reputation are those who have specific research achievements or papers established on academic magazines, which can bring ample fund for research in his/her major and sheer bulk of outstanding graduate students are attracted to go after the professor to do more research.The last one is the library of a university.as we all known .college students have a lot of free time.some of them choose to paly computers ,but I think we should read more books ,because we are too young to face the whole society.keep reading can make us more wise.and so We should choose the university which has a huge library.we can read many kinds of book ,and better use of our free time.Only if you have thought about all of this, you can choose the best university which is fit for you.College is a place where we can achieve our dream, what we need is not the best university, but a university that is suitable for us. You can make a great progress when you learn in good surroundings. As long as you are willing to study, the school is good or not won’t stop you to success.10. Imagine you are showing a group of foreigners around our campus; please give the detailed information about the campus.Welcome to Hebei university. Before you start to look around, allow me to give you a brief account of the school.Hebei University is one of the top universities within Hebei Province. It is situated in Baoding, a city with a long history and rich cultural heritage in China, within easy access of Beijing. Hebei University was founded in Tianjin in 1921. Since its foundation, Hebei University has undergone successive changes in its name. It used to be Tianjin Industrial & Commercial Institute; it later became Jingu College, then Tianjin Normal School, and Tianjin Normal University for a while. In 1960, it was transformed in to a comprehensive university with its current name Hebei University. Then in 1970, it was moved to Baoding.As a comprehensive university, Hebei University offers a variety of courses covering a wide range of fields, includingEconomics, Law, Education, History,Science and so on. The university can also award master's degrees in forty-four subjects and doctorates in six fields. Chinese Language & Literature and History are appointed as the bases for research and cultivation of talents in liberal parts by the province.Hebei University has assembled a teaching faculty well known for its intellectual vigor, among which there are quit e a few accomplished scholars and experts. The History of Education in the United States’ is one of the most important achievements in this field. In addition to these eminent scholars, the university also boasts a staff of talented young teachers who are beginning to display their talents in their own academic fields. They are the backbone of teaching and research.The University insists that scientific research should be combined with the development of the local economy. In the light of this principle, the University has contributed to the development of the economy, the advancement of science and technology and the progress of society in Hebei Province. The academic exchange between Hebei University and the universities and institutions in China and overseas, is brisk and extensive. Taking full advantage of its convenient location close to Beijing & Tianjin, the University has started a “bring-in” program. Its purpose is to invite members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and other nationally distinguished scholars to give lectures. We have also reached agreements with ten sister universities and institutes in Japan, Russia, Mongolia and the USA to exchange students and established friendly relationships with many universities and institutes in Canada, Australia, South Korea, and Germany.Currently, both our faculty and students are making every effort to improve the quality of our education in the direction of a first-rate university. Thank you.。
2010年河北省中考 《英语》真题及答案
2010年河北省中考英语试卷（答案第8页）本试卷分卷Ⅰ和卷Ⅱ两部分。
卷Ⅰ为选择题，卷Ⅱ为非选择题。
本试卷共120分，考试时间120分钟。
卷I（选择题，共85分）注意事项：1．答卷Ⅰ前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、科目填涂在答题卡上。
考试结束，监考人员将试卷和答题卡一并收回。
2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
答在试卷上无效。
3．听力部分共包括两小节：第一节在卷Ⅰ，第二节在卷Ⅱ。
完成第一节后，请根据录音指令，在卷Ⅱ完成第二节。
听力部分（第一节）Ⅰ. 听句子，选出句子中所包含的信息。
（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分）1. A. ice B. rice C. voice2. A. E2CR3F B. B2CR7F C. B2OR6F3. A. talking on the phone B. waiting for a phone C. shouting at the phone4. A. Jim is younger. B. Tony is younger. C. They are the same age.5. A. Laugh is good medicine.B. Always take cheap medicine.C. Medicine can make you laugh.Ⅱ. 听句子，选出该句的最佳答语。
（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分）6. A. You are so kind. B. Thanks, you too! C. That would be fine.7. A. I play the piano. B. I go to work. C. I’m a policeman.8. A. Twenty-eight yuan. B. Three hundred miles. C. Two and a half years.9. A. Yes, please. B. Sorry, I can’t. C. Never mind.10. A. But it is not true. B. I don’t believe in God. C. Wow, it’s already 12 o’clock!Ⅲ. 听对话和问题，选择正确的选项。
2010考研英语(一)真题
2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark[A],[B],[C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)In1924America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago.It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting1workers'productivity.Instead,the studies ended2giving their name to the"Hawthorne effect",the extremely influential idea that the very3of being experimented upon changed subjects'behavior.The idea arose because of the4behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant.According to5of the experiments,their hourly output rose when lighting was increased,but also when it was dimmed.It did not6what was done in the experiment;7something was changed,productivity rose.A(n)8that they were being experimented upon seemed to be9to alter workers'behavior10itself.After several decades,the same data were11to econometric the analysis.The Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store.12the descriptions on record,no systematic13was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to14interpretation of what happened.15,lighting was always changed on a Sunday.When work started again on Monday,output16rose compared with the previous Saturday and17to rise for the next couple of days.18,a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday,Workers19to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case,before20a plateau and then slackening off.This suggests that the alleged"Hawthorne effect"is hard to pin down.1.[A]affected[B]achieved[C]extracted[D]restored2.[A]at[B]up[C]with[D]off3.[A]truth[B]sight[C]act[D]proof4.[A]controversial[B]perplexing[C]mischievous[D]ambiguous5.[A]requirements[B]explanations[C]accounts[D]assessments6.[A]conclude[B]matter[C]indicate[D]work7.[A]as far as[B]for fear that[C]in case that[D]so long so8.[A]awareness[B]expectation[C]sentiment[D]illusion9.[A]suitable[B]excessive[C]enough[D]abundant10.[A]about[B]for[C]on[D]by11.[A]compared[B]shown[C]subjected[D]conveyed12.[A]Contrary to[B]Consistent with[C]Parallel with[D]Peculiar to13.[A]evidence[B]guidance[C]implication[D]source14.[A]disputable[B]enlightening[C]reliable[D]misleading15.[A]In contrast[B]For example[C]In consequence[D]As usual16.[A]duly[B]accidentally[C]unpredictably[D]suddenly17.[A]failed[B]ceased[C]started[D]continued18.[A]Therefore[B]Furthermore[C]However[D]Meanwhile19.[A]attempted[B]tended[C]chose[D]intended20.[A]breaking[B]climbing[C]surpassing[D]hittingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points)Text1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publicationin general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the20th century and the eve of World War II,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared.In those far-off days,it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.Theirs was a serious business,and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly,like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about.These men believed in journalism as a calling,and were proud to be published in the daily press.“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,”Newman wrote,“that I am tempted to define‘journalism’as‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.’”Unfortunately,these critics are virtually forgotten.Neville Cardus,who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from1917until shortly before his death in1975,is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime,though,he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics,a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography(1947)became a best-seller.He was knighted in1967,the first music critic to be so honored.Yet only one of his books is now in print,and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival?The prospect seems remote.Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death,and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.Moreover,the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21.It is indicated in Paragraphs1and2that.[A]arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers[B]English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews[C]high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers[D]young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies22.Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by.[A]free themes[B]casual style[C]elaborate layout[D]radical viewpoints23.Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A]It is writers’duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B]It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C]Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D]Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24.What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?[A]His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B]His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C]His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D]His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25.What would be the best title for the text?[A]Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B]The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C]Mournful Decline of Journalism[D]Prominent Critics in MemoryText2Over the past decade,thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. received one for its"one-click"online payment system.Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy.One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents,which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized10years ago.In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S.court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.In re Bilski,as the case is known,is"a very big deal",says Dennis D.Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law.It"has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents."Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face,because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is1998decision in the so-called state Street Bank case,approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings,initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online ter, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files,if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.In2005,IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them.Similarly,some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products,even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market.The Federalcircuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all12of the court's judges,rather than a typical panel of three,and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should"reconsider"its state street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent st April,for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for"inventions"that are obvious.The judges on the Federal circuit are"reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court",says Harold C.Wegner,a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.26.Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of.[A]their limited value to business[B]their connection with asset allocation[C]the possible restriction on their granting[D]the controversy over authorization27.Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A]Its ruling complies with the court decisions.[B]It involves a very big business transaction.[C]It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit.[D]It may change the legal practices in the U.S..28.The word“about-face”(Line1,Para3)most probably means.[A]loss of good will[B]increase of hostility[C]change of attitude[D]enhancement of dignity29.We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents.[A]are immune to legal challenges[B]are often unnecessarily issued[C]lower the esteem for patent holders[D]increase the incidence of risks30.Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A]A looming threat to business-method patents[B]Protection for business-method patent holders [C]A legal case regarding business-method patents[D]A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText3In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that“social epidemics”are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive, or well-connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested theory called the"two-step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them.The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks,brands,or neighborhoods.In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends.In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.In fact,they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers'argument stems from a simple observing about social influence:With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics,by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.They found that the principal requirement for what is called“global cascades”—the widespread propagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people.31.By citing the book The Tipping Point,the author intends to.[A]analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B]discuss influentials’function in spreading ideas[C]exemplify people’s intuitive response to social epidemics[D]describe the essential characteristics of influentials32.The author suggests that the“two-step-flow theory”.[A]serves as a solution to marketing problems[B]has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C]has won support from influentials[D]requires solid evidence for its validity33.What the researchers have observed recently shows that.[A]the power of influence goes with social interactions[B]interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C]influentials have more channels to reach the public[D]most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34.The underlined phrase“these people”in Paragraph4refers to the ones who.[A]stay outside the network of social influence[B]have little contact with the source of influence[C]are influenced and then influence others[D]are influenced by the initial influential35.What is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A]The eagerness to be accepted.[B]The impulse to influence others.[C]The readiness to be influenced.[D]The inclination to rely on others.Text4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public.Behind the scenes,they have been taking aim at someone else:the accounting standard-setters.Their rules,moan the banks,have forced them to report enormous losses,and it's just not fair.These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay,not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately,banks'lobbying now seems to be working.The details may be unknowable,but the independence of standard-setters,essential to the proper functioning of capital markets,is being compromised.And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers,reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress,America's Financial Accounting Standards Board(FASB)rushed through rule changes.These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement.Bob Herz,the FASB's chairman,cried out against those who"question our motives."Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls"the use of judgment by management."European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board(IASB)do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning,but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong.Charlie McCreevy,a European commissioner,warned the IASB that it did"not live in a political vacuum"but"in the real word"and that Europe could yet develop different rules.It was banks that were on the wrong planet,with accounts that vastly overvalued assets.Today they argue that market prices overstate losses,because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets,not the likely extent of bad debts.The truth will not be known for years.But bank's shares trade below their book value,suggesting that investors are skeptical.And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses,yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again,losses must be recognized and dealt with.America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive.Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters.The FASB and IASB have been exactly that,cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions,for example,against hostility from special interests.But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36.Bankers complained that they were forced to.[A]follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B]collect payments from third parties[C]cooperate with the price managers[D]reevaluate some of their assets37.According to the author,the rule changes of the FASB may result in.[A]the diminishing role of management[B]the revival of the banking system[C]the banks’long-term asset losses[D]the weakening of its independence38.According to Paragraph4,McCreevy objects to the IASB’s attempt to.[A]keep away from political influences[B]evade the pressure from their peers[C]act on their own in rule-setting[D]take gradual measures in reform39.The author thinks the banks were“on the wrong planet”in that they.[A]misinterpreted market price indicators[B]exaggerated the real value of their assets[C]neglected the likely existence of bad debts[D]denied booking losses in their sale of assets40.The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of.[A]satisfaction[B]skepticism[C]objectiveness[D]sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text.Paragraph E has been correctly placed.There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)[A]The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out;the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about32percent of total consumption in1995to35percent in 2000and is expected to approach38percent by2005.This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by4to5percent a year across Europe,compared with growth in retail demand of1to2 percent.Meanwhile,as the recession is looming large,people are getting anxious.They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B]Retail sales of food and drink in Europe's largest markets are at a standstill,leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow.Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce,with limited success,and expansion abroad.But almost all have ignored the big,profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade,which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C]Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market?Definitely not.The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers.In other words,it is up to the buyer,rather than the seller,to decide what to buy.At any rate,this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers,regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.[D]All in all,this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges,logistics,and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least,that is how it looks as a whole.Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets,especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures,as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories.Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenchedPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET2.(10points)One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value.Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and,if its stability depends on its integrity,they are entitled to continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and,if we happen to love it.We invert excuses toSectionⅢWritingPart A51.Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization,you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about100words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e"postgraduate association"instead.Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following drawing.In your essay,you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning,and then3)give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET2.(20points)。
2010年考研英语一真题与参考答案解析
2010年考研英语一Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank.andmark[A] ，[B] ，[C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 American National Research Council sent to engineer to supervise aseries of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant nearChicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting __1__ workers“ Hawthorne productivity. Instead，the studies ended__2__ giving their name to theeffect” the e melyxtr influential idea the very__3__to being experimented uponchanged subjects’ behaviorThe idea arose because of the__4__behavior of the women in theplant.According to __5__of the experiments their hourly output rose when lightingwas increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6__what was done in the experiment. __7__something was changed productivity rose . A(n) __8__ that theywere being experimented upon seemed to be __9__to alter workers' behavior __10__itselfAfter several decades， the same data were __11__to econometric theanalysis Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store 12 the descriptions onrecord，no systematic __13__was found that levels of productivity were related tochanges in lightingIt turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__14__interpretation of what happened.__15__， lighting was always changed on aSunday When work started again on Monday, output __16__ rose compared with theprevious Saturday and __17__ to rise for the next couple of days __18__，acomparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed thatoutput always went up on Monday, workers __19__to be diligent for the first few daysof the week in any case， before __20__a plateau and then slackening off. Thissuggests that the alleged“ Hawthorne effect” is hard to pin down1.[A]affected [B]achieved [C]extracted [D]restored2.[A]at [B]up [C]with [D]off3.[A]truth [B]sight [C]act [D]proof4.[A]controversial [B]perplexing [C]mischievous [D]ambiguous5.[A]requirements [B]explanations [C]accounts [D]assessments6.[A]conclude [B]matter [C]indicate [D]work7.[A]as far as [B]for fear that [C]in case that [D]so long as8.[A]awareness [B]expectation [C]sentiment [D]illusion9.[A]suitable [B]excessive [C]enough [D]abundant10.[A]about [B]for [C]on [D]by11.[A]compared [B]shown [C]subjected [D]conveyed12.[A]contrary to [B]consistent with [C]parallel with [D]peculiarto 13.[A]evidence [B]guidance [C]implication [D]source14.[A]disputable [B]enlightening [C]reliable [D]misleading15.[A]In contrast [B]For example [C]In consequence [D]As usual16.[A]duly [B]accidentally [C]unpredictably [D]suddenly17.[A]failed [B]ceased [C]started [D]continued20.[A]breaking [B]climbing [C]surpassing [D]hittingSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text bychoosing[A] ，[B] ，[C]or[D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points) Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers duringthe past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been theinexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age offorty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticismpublished in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To readsuch books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were oncedeemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews publishedin England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at atime when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered anornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was takenfor granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length aboutthe events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers whowore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could betrusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling,and were proud to be published in the daily press. “ So few authors have brains enoug or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism, ” Newman wrote, I am tempted to define‘ journalism ’ as ‘ a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are. ’”Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote forthe Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is nowknown solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though,he was also one of England ’ s foremost -classicalmusiccritics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus ’ s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that[A]arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B]English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.[C]high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D]young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22.Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterizedby [A] free themes.[B] casual style.[C] elaborate layout.[D] radical viewpoints.23.Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A] It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists. [C]Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24.What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?[A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C] His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25.What would be the best title for the text?[A]Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B]The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C]Mournful Decline of Journalism[D]Prominent Critics in MemoryText 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods.Amazon com received one for its -click “”on line payment systemMerrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy.Oneinventor patented a technique for lying a box。
2010年河北省中考英语真题及答案
2010年河北省中考英语真题及答案2010年河北省中考英语试卷笔试部分Ⅴ. 单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，计20分）选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
26. Cindy is ________ amazing singer. She has lots of fans.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填27. Sally is very happy. There is a big smile ________ her face.A. onB. toC. inD. at28. I don’t think looking after children is just ________ work.A. womanB. woman’sC. womenD. women’s29. The Internet is very useful for us. We can ________ find information.A. easyB. easilyC. hardD. hardly30. Jenny, put on your coat ________ you will catch a cold.A. butB. andC. orD. so31. —Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?—Yes, you ________.A. mustB. canC. mayD. need32. Emma, can you introduce ________ to Alice? I want to meet her.A. himB. hisC. meD. my33. I’d like you ________ for a picnic with us.A. goB. to goC. goingD. went34. Sometimes walking is even ________ than driving during the busy traffic time.A. fastB. fasterC. slowD. slower35. Mike ________ his computer and checked his e-mail.A. turned onB. turned offC. turned upD. turned down36. Everyone ________ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong.A. findB. thinkC. findsD. thinks37. Hong Kong ________ to be a good place for eating today.A. knowsB. knewC. is knownD. was known38. This term ________ over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. will be39. I ________ a mistake. Please don’t be angry with me.A. makeB. madeC. will makeD. had made40. She is new here, so we know ________ about her.A. nothingB. somethingC. anythingD. everything41. My brother left school in 2005, and since then he ________ in Beijing.A. livesB. livedC. will liveD. has lived42. Peter likes reading a newspaper ________ he is having breakfast.A. untilB. whileC. becauseD. though43. There are lots of things ________ I need to prepare before the trip.A. whoB. thatC. whomD. whose44. I ________ my clothes, and the phone rang.A. washB. washedC. am washingD. was washing45. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ________?A. where you buy itB. where do you buy itC. where you bought itD. where did you buy itⅥ. 完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
英语复试试题
2008年河北大学研究生入学考试复试英语资料【个人分析】【内部资料】英语的复试，分为两大部分，第一部分是英语面试，第二部分是英语笔试。
一：第一部分，英语面试，包括：1.英语口语的自我介绍，时间不宜过长。
2.读句子。
从面试题目中抽取题目，题目上是几个英语句子，从中选择两个句子，读给老师听，看你发音是否准确。
3.说话题。
在抽到的纸条上面有一个话题，请你根据这个话题，用英语简要阐述。
例如，去年我抽到的话题是：请问你在寻找工作的过程中，你认为什么因素是最重要的？复试考生看到这个题目后，用英语回答即可，老师也会就你的回答再与你交流几句话。
都是比较简单的生活对话。
大家不要紧张。
放松应对即可！下面把我自己的面试英语的自我介绍写上，虽然可能有些简单，简短，但是真正的面试时候，老师也没有太多时间听你讲什么，所以注意发音正确，语速正常即可。
Good morning, my dear teachers, my dear professors. I am very glad to be here for your interview. First let me introduce myself. ---- , I am 23 years old. I come from ---- . I graduated from ---- last June and major in law. I am a girl who is my name is fervent, outgoing and creative. At the same time, I think I am quick in mind and careful in everything. Generally speaking, I am a hard working student especially do the thing I am interested in. I will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is. I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on 第1 页共13 页learning. So I hope I could get the opportunity to finish my postgraduate courses in Hebei University which I have desired for a long time. Ok, that is all, thank you for your attention 有的时候，老师不会听你说完，就会打断你，他也许会问你一两个口语问题，注意回答即可，态度要平和，冷静。
全国英语专业研究生复试分数线
2010年英语专业研究生复试分数线比较所属：来源：新浪教育阅读：14576 评论：5录音稿、翻译稿、听写稿！未注册用户都是没有办法使用的，可惜！•••学校政治二外专业1专业2总分09年参考08年参考北京大学50 50 90 90 335 330 335清华大学50 50 90 90 350 345 360复旦大学（翻译硕士）5045504590909090325300325 335同济大学50 50 85 85 320 320 330 东北大学50 50 75 75 345 340 350 天津大学45 45 85 85 320 325 325南开大学(翻译硕士）（汉语国际教育硕士）605050606045909090909090350350320345 335湖南大学（翻译硕士）5050505090909090345320345 355中山大学（翻译硕士）（汉语国际教育硕士）605555605555908090908090350320350350 300四川大学（汉语国际教育硕士）5550555083758375345340340 350重庆大学（国际汉语教育硕士）5050505070707070320300330 335吉林大学（翻译硕士）（汉语国际教育硕士）555050555050909090909090335330330330 340山东大学（汉语国际教育硕士）5353535380808080335320330 320兰州大学（汉语国际教育硕士）4540454070707070325290330 335东南大学50 50 90 90 350 325 340南京大学（翻译硕士）（汉语国际教育硕士）505040505040909090909090340330330340 355厦门大学（翻译硕士）（汉语国际教育硕士）555550555550908080908080345320300325 345浙江大学60 56 90 90 345 350 355中南大学（翻译硕士）6055605590859085355345355 365武汉大学（专业学位）5550536090979097353340335 335西北工业大学45 45 80 80 330 320 325 华南理工大学60 55 85 85 345 350 340 电子科技大学50 50 70 70 320 315 340中国人民大学（汉语国际教育硕士）5250525090909090345330350 345北京理工大学55 55 83 83 350 340 355北京师范大学（汉语国际教育硕士）5050604090909090315300315 325中国农业大学50 50 90 90 345 330 330上海交通大学（翻译硕士）5550555085708570350310350 360大连理工大学50 50 75 75 335 330 335 西安交通大学45 50 75 75 355 350 345 华中科技大学53 53 90 90 345 340 350 哈尔滨工业大学50 50 85 85 300 350 340 北京航空航天大学55 55 90 90 345 345 350 中国科学技术大学50 50 85 85 325 325 330 国家线待定340 350 全国各大高校（英语专业）研究生招生人数，考试科目英语, 高校, 招生, 科目, 研究生学校系(部所)招生专业拟招生人数考试科目北京外国语大学英语学院英美文学15①政治②日/法/德/俄/西③基础英语④英美文学语言学20①政治②日/法/德/俄/西③基础英语④语言学与应用语言学翻译理论与实践20①政治②日/法/德/俄/西③基础英语④英、汉互译（笔译）高翻学院翻译理论与实践60①政治②日/法/德/俄/西③基础英语④英汉互译（同传）北京大学英语语言文学28①政治②日/法/德/俄③651专业能力④837专业知识北京师范大学英美文学20①政治②俄/日/法③基础英语④英语语言文学语言学31①政治②俄/日/法③基础英语④英语语言与教学北京航空航天大学英语语言文学30①政治②俄/日/德/法③基础英语④822英美文学语言学50①政治②俄/日/德/法语③基础英语④821综合英语北京语言大学英美文学15①政治②日/法/德③基础英语④英美文学语言学22①政治②日/法/德/③基础英语④460普通语言学北京对外经济贸易大学语言学①政治②俄／法德／日／西③基础英英语语言文学语：基础知识④综合英语：高级英语英汉翻译，文化，商务英语阅读清华大学语言学①政治②俄/日/德/法③基础英语英语语言文学④464综合考试中国石油大学英语语言文学25①政治②二外俄/日/德/法语③语言学（含英美文学）④综合英语北京交通大学英语语言文学8①政治②德/俄/法/日③语言学与英美语言学14文学④453专业综合考试首都师范大学英语语言文学80①政治②日/俄/法/德/西③英语综合语言学水平（词汇、语法、阅读、翻译、写作等）④英语专业知识（含英语语言学、英美文学、英美概况等）课程与教学论①政治②日/俄/法/德/西③教育学专业基础综合北京林业大学语言学25-30①政治②日/俄/法③基础英语：考察英语语言文学阅读/翻译/写作等④语言文学基础知识④英语专业综合：语言学、英美文学、文化北京理工大学英语语言文学10①政治②俄/日/德③基础英语④英语语言学26专业综合(语言学、英美文学、英美概况)中国政法大学英语语言文学10①政治②俄/日/德/法③607综合一（含语法、阅读、翻译技能与写作）④809综合二（语言学/文学/翻译理论各50分）中国地质大学语言学①政治②日/俄/法③313基础英语④428综合英语（语言学/翻译）北京第二外国语学院英语语言文学44 ①政治②日/法/德/俄/西③611基础英语（语法词汇30/ 完形30/阅读30/翻译30/作文30分）④411综合英语（1）含：英美文学50分、英美概况50分、语言学50分。
2010河北四级联考面试真题答案解析
2010年11月份河北省四级联考笔试结束以后就是可怕的面试了，所以面试就是一个联系，我们建立这个交流的地方就是为了一个目的，那就是考试成功！！如果想加入讨论和看更多的面试解析，请来Q Q 群126294809或者输入orz.se/ASJ 浏览更多1、你对反腐败的看法？共产党员和国家公务员的根本宗旨是全心全意为人民服务，你的权力来自于人民，就应该服务于人民，而不是让你损公肥私、中饱私囊。
腐败问题是一个具有政治性的问题，党风正，则民风纯，腐败堕落，必然背离了全心全意为人民服务的宗旨，服务人民也就成了一句空话，将被人民群众所唾弃。
就象厦门远华特大走私案，是我国目前已知最大规模的、涉及金额达数十亿美元的腐败丑闻，腐蚀了我们的政协委员、市长、海关关长等多少的国家干部，给国家造成了多么巨大的损失。
因此，腐败问题得不到根本的解决，我国在社会主义现代化建设的道路上，必将遭受严重的挫折，甚至是亡党亡国。
2、遇到挫折你会怎么做？（1）辨证唯物主义告诉我们，事物的发展都是前进性和曲折性的统一，虽然道路是曲折的，但发展的前途是光明的。
众所周知，著名的发明家爱迪生，在经历了六千余次的挫折和失败后，把灯丝的寿命延长了1000小时。
因此，"不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹"，挫折是人生必不可少的考验，经历越多的挫折，人就会越成熟，所以要正视挫折，不要回避。
（2）其次要对挫折的原因进行分析，弄清楚是主观原因还是客观原因造成的，然后对症下药，用正确的方法解决它；（3）同时调整心态，必要时改变一下工作方法，使当前工作得以正常开展。
3、如果你做的一项工作受到上级领导的表扬，但你主管领导却说是他做的，你该怎样？我首先不会找那位上级领导说明这件事，我会主动找我的主管领导来沟通，因为沟通是解决人际关系的最好办法，但结果会有两种：1.我的主管领导认识到自己的错误，我想我会视具体情况决定是否原谅他；2.他更加变本加厉的来威胁我，那我会毫不犹豫地找我的上级领导反映此事，因为他这样做会造成负面影响，对今后的工作不利。
2010河北省大学英语试题
1、一个长为12厘米的长方形的面积比边长是12厘米的正方形面积少36平方厘米。
这个长方形的宽是多少厘米？2、综合运用。
1、甲乙两个商场出售洗衣机，一月份甲商场共售出980台，比乙商场多售出1/6，甲商场比乙商场多售出多少台？2、农机厂计划生产800台，平均每天生产44台，生产了10天，余下的任务要求8天完成，平均每天要生产多少台？3、一间教室要用方砖铺地。
用边长是3分米的正方形方砖，需要960块，如果改用边长为2分米的正方形方砖，需要多少块？（用比例解）3、What's the main purpose of the passage?A. To test your IQ.B. To teach you how to prevent acne.C. To promote the selling of a certain kind of soap.D. To teach you how to deal with acne breakouts.4、本题应使用深度优先遍历，从主调函数进入dfs(v)时，开始记数，若退出dfs()前，已访问完有向图的全部顶点（设为n个），则有向图有根，v为根结点。
将n个顶点从1到n编号，各调用一次dfs()过程，就可以求出全部的根结点。
题中有向图的邻接表存储结构、记顶点个数的变量、以及访问标记数组等均设计为全局变量。
建立有向图g的邻接表存储结构参见上面第2题，这里只给出判断有向图是否有根的算法。
int num=0， visited[]=0 //num记访问顶点个数,访问数组visited初始化。
const n=用户定义的顶点数;AdjList g ; //用邻接表作存储结构的有向图g。
void dfs(v){visited [v]=1; num++; //访问的顶点数＋1if (num==n) {printf(“%d是有向图的根。
\n”,v); num=0;}//ifp=g[v].firstarc;while (p){if (visied[p->adjvex]==0) dfs (p->adjvex);p=p->next;} //whilevisited[v]=0; num--; //恢复顶点v}//dfsvoid JudgeRoot()//判断有向图是否有根，有根则输出之。
2010年河北大学807社会学研究方法考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2010年河北大学807社会学研究方法考研真题河北大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试试卷适用专业：社会学考试科目：社会学研究方法一、名词解释（共30分，每小题5分）1．命题2．研究主题3．分析单位4．趋势研究5．参数值6．结构观察二、简答题（共60分，每小题15分）1．分层抽样和配额抽样的主要差别是什么？2．探索性研究、描述性研究、解释性研究三者的特点及其关系是什么？3．自填问卷法的主要优点是什么？4．安排问卷中问题的顺序时，应遵循什么样的原则？三、论述题（共60分，每题20分）1．举例说明为什么么要采取“双盲试验”的方法。
2．如何提高邮寄问卷调查的回收率和资料的质量？3．文献回顾在社会研究中的意义有哪些？2010年河北大学807社会学研究方法考研真题及详解河北大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试试卷适用专业：社会学考试科目：社会学研究方法一、名词解释（共30分，每小题5分）1．命题答：命题指的是关于一个概念的特征或多个概念间关系的陈述。
2．研究主题答：研究主题指的是社会研究所涉及的某一类现象领域或问题领域。
3．分析单位答：分析单位是指一项社会研究中的研究对象，也就是研究中被分析和描述的对象（人或事物）。
4．趋势研究答：趋势研究（trend studies）指的是对一般总体随时间推移而发生的变化的研究。
趋势研究的目的是通过对一般总体在不同时期的态度、行为或状况进行比较，以揭示和发现社会现象的变化趋势和规律。
5．参数值答：参数值也称为总体值，它是关于总体中某一变量的综合描述，或者说是总体中所有元素的某种特征的综合数量表现。
6．结构观察答：结构观察指的是按照一定的程序、采用明确的观察提纲或观察记录表格对现象进行的观察。
它与结构访谈的形式有点相似。
通常，结构观察多采取局外观察的方式进行。
其观察的内容是固定的，观察记录表也类似于结构式问卷，观察者根据统一的要求，对每一个观察对象进行统一的观察和记录。
因而其结果可以用来进行定量分析。
河北大学2010年研究生入学复试考试科目及参考书目
伦理学 辩证唯物主义 历史唯物主义 政治学原理 当代中国政治制度 西方政治制度 中国哲学史 西方哲学史 中国现代哲学 社会学综合
伦理学 马克思主义哲学（上） 马克思主义哲学（下） 政治学原理 当代中国政治制度 西方政治制度 中国哲学史 西方哲学史 中国现代哲学 《后现代西方社会学理论》 近三年社会学杂志 《外国社会学史》 《社会统计学》 《政治经济学》 《发展经济学》 《国际经济学》 《国际金融》任何版本；《国际贸易》任 何版本；《世界经济》杂志近三年的学术 《国际金融》任何版本； 《国际贸易》任何版本 《人口、资源与环境经济学》 人口学杂志、《中国人口、资源与环境》 杂志近三年 《人口生态学》 经济应用统计学教程 《企业经济分析概论》 《计量经济学》（新版） 《经济应用统计教程》 《企业经济分析概论》 《计量经济学》（新版） 《货币银行学》 《商业银行业务经营与管理》 《国际金融》 1.《人口理论新编》 2.《人口统计学》 3.2008年《人口研究》杂志
广播电视艺术学
艺术硕士 宋史中心
环境艺术设计 环境艺术教育 《宋史》 《中国法律史》 《中国经济发展史》第1、2、3册 《中国思想史》第一、第二卷 《中国古代史》 《古代汉语》（1—2册） 《中国历史文献学》
中国古代史
宋辽金史 中国古代政法史 按报考方向 中国古代经济史 考试 中国古代思想文化史 中国古代史 同等学力 古代汉语 历史文献学
民商法学
诉讼法学 宪法与行政法学
同等学力 同等学力 同等学力 同等学力 同等学力 同等学力
法学理论
刑法学
同等学力 同等学力 同等学力 同等学力
经济法学
法律硕士
同等学力 同等学力 同等学力 同等学力
逻辑学 马克思主义发展 史
2010年河北大学604社会学理论考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2010年河北大学604社会学理论考研真题及详解河北大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试科目：604社会学理论适用专业：社会学、人口学一、名词解释（共30分，每题5分。
答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。
）1．社会整合答：社会整合（social integration），是指社会不同的因素、部分结合成为一个协调统一的社会整体的过程，亦称社会一体化。
最先提出社会整合思想并致力于研究社会整合的是法国社会学家迪尔克姆，后来美国社会学家帕森斯进一步发挥了社会整合概念并将其纳入了自己的结构功能主义的理论体系。
社会学常论及的社会整合有文化整合、制度整合、规范整合和功能整合。
2．亚文化答：亚文化指仅为社会上一部分成员所接受的或为某一社会群体特有的文化。
亚文化一般并不与主文化相抵触或对抗。
3．社会分层答：社会分层指的是依据一定具有社会意义的属性，一个社会的成员被区分为高低有序的不同等级、层次的过程与现象。
社会分层体现着社会不平等。
4．集合行为答：集合行为又称为集体行为、大众行为。
它是指一种人数众多的自发的无组织行为。
集合行为一般具有下列三个特征：①人数众多。
它是同一时间内采取相同行动的许多人共同做出的；②无组织性。
它通常是自发的、非理性的，它变化无常，很少处于均衡状态；③行为者相互依赖。
集合行为中，个人都不是独立地行动，而是与他人相互依赖、相互影响。
5．社会政策答：社会政策是指国家或政府为解决社会问题、改善社会环境、促进社会公正与社会进步而采取的各种原则或方针。
6．社会运行机制答：社会运行机制是指人类社会在有规律的运动过程中,影响这种运动的各组成因素的结构、功能及其相互联系,以及这些因素产生影响、发挥功能的作用过程和作用原理,简要地说,也就是社会运行“带规律性的模式”。
二、简答题（共60分，每题15分。
答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。
）1．简述初级群体的基本特点。
答：（1）初级群体的含义初级群体，又称直接群体、基本群体或首属群体，指的是其成员相互熟悉、了解，因而以感情为基础结成亲密关系的社会群体。
河北大学研一英语期末考试第一单元
Unit one Education 1.AWhen I was in college I had an English major and for a while I considered going into teaching. While I was exploring the possibility of becoming a teacher, I did a lot of thinking about the way that the education system in the United States is run. And I disagree with a lot of the ways that things seem to happen and have happened for a long time in our educational system.Uh … people don’t seem to recognize various kinds of intelligence; they seem to just want to give standardized tests and peg you for what you are capable of very early on your education. I’ve always felt that a lot of classes that you’re forced to take in high school are not really geared towards what you are going to be doing. There’s very little emphasis on your o wn special interests. Uh … everybody’s sort of treated like they’re the same person. Everything is very generalized. There’s a lot of uh … there’s a lot of pressure on students to be as well-rounded as possible. I think being well-rounded isn’t really poss ible because it becomes impossible to develop any one part of yourself um … to any great degree. And as a result people can’t get into good colleges if they, yaknow, haven’t, yaknow, scored the ... the right thing on the math section of SAT, even if they a re brilliant writers, and vice versa. You know, um … people just really are not given a chance, I think, in a lot of cases.Another thing that really disturbs me is the way that students are separated from each other. I got involved with vocational ed ucation, uh … which means that the kids go out to a technical or trade school for part of the week, and then they come back to the home school for the other part of the week and they take their academic classes. However, those kids are kept separate from t he rest of the school almost as if they’re below them. There’s a lot of stratification. Um … at any rate I feel that the kids are very aware of the way that they’re perceived by the educators, by their teachers and, yaknow, by their peers. And I think thatit ... it causes them to act in a way that ... is ... not really optimal. And that’s pretty sad to me. I actually had kids tell me when I was teaching them, “yaknow, we’re the just bad class, we ... yaknow, it’s not that we have a problem with you person ally, yaknow, we are just bad, we are bad kids” because pretty much that was what they felt they were. And yaknow, their classes were very limiting, uh the teachers never try to do anything creative with those classes. I think that many of the kids in that class were intelligent, but never actually realized their potential because of the way they were tracked very early on their education.1.BMargaret Warner:Mr. Unz. Why do you believe that bilingual education should be scrapped?Ron Unz: Well, the overwhelming practical evidence is that bilingual education has failed on every large scale case that’s been tried in the United States, in particular in California. The origins of this initiative was the case last year of a lot of immigrant Latino parents in downtown LA, who had to begin a public boycott of their local elementary school to try to force the school to give their children the right to be taught English, which the school was denying. And I think that really opened my eyes to the current state of the program in California, where the statistics are dreadful. Margaret Warner: Mr. Lyons.Janies Lyons: It is not the case that bilingual education is failing children. There are poor bilingual education programs, just as there are poor programs of every type in our schools today. But bilingual education has made it possible for children to have continuous development in their native language, while they're in the process of learning English, something that doesn't hap pen overnight, and it’s mad e it possible for children to learn math and science at a rate equal to English-speaking children while they’re in the process of acquiring English.Margaret Warner: Mr. Unz, what about that point —for these children who don't speakEnglish well they will fall behind in the basic subjects if they can't be taught those in Spanish, or whatever language? I shouldn’t say just Spanish, but whatever their family’s language is.Ron Unz: That’s a very reasonable point. And to the extent that we’re talking about older children. 14 or 15 year olds who come to the United States, don't know any English and are put in the public schools I think a very reasonable case can be made for bilingual education. I don’t know if it’s correct, but at least you can make a case for it. But most of the children we're talking about enter California or America public schools when they’re five or six or seven. At the age of five years old, the only academic subjects a child is really doing is drawing with crayons or cutting and, you know, with paper and that type of thing. And at that age children can learn another language so quickly and easily that the only reasonable thing to do is to put them in a program where they're taught English as rapidly as possible and then put into the mainstream classes with the other children so they can move forward academically. Margaret Warner: There is something to that point, isn’t there, Mr. Lyons, that very youngchildren do absorb languages very quickly?James Lyons: They absorb certain facets of language very quickly. They learn to speak in an unaccented form like a native English speaker. But the research shows that actually adults are much more efficient and quicker language learners than children because they're working from a broader linguistic base, a greater conceptual base. I really take objection to what Mr. Unz is saying that children at the age of five, six, and seven are only coloring and cutting out paper. That isn't going to lead to the high standards.2.AInterviewer: Professor Gardner, what did you find in your studies to be the biggest difference between arts education in the United States and arts education in China? What struck you most, then?Gardner:I was so struck by the differences between arts education in the United States and arts education in China. US youngsters love to explore and think that they explore very well; and yet, without the requisite discipline, their products are typically of little interest ─except perhaps to their doting parents.Education in all of the arts in China is very precisely prescribed. Teachers and parents know exactly what they want children to be able to do and they know how to get the desired behaviour and performance in almost perfect fashion. On the other hand, there is little free exploration.But I must add another surprise. When young children in China were given a novel task in the arts, they performed very well. Before visiting China, I had thought that young people must always begin with a period of free exploration, before they begin to acquire discipline and skills.After visiting China and thinking about what I had seen, I came to a different conclusion. It is not important that one “explore” first; what is important is that one has a significant period for exploration, either before, during, or after one has acquired some discipline.Interviewer:As you might have noticed, these days after-school classes in music, dance, painting and calligraphy are very popular in China, although many of the “young emperors” might not be so willing to learn all these “extra skills.” What’s your opinion on this?Gardner: The fewer children you have, and the more resources at your disposal, the more likely you are to give your children every form of enrichment. China has thousands of years of history of encouraging talent development, so it not at all a surprise that many kids are taking after-school arts classes. But what children do when their parents push them, is very different than what they do when they grow up, and their parents are no longer in control of the rewards and punishment. By and large, thosegrown-up students who continue their area of talent are those who use the talent professionally and those who gain intrinsic pleasure from the activity. Interviewer:In recent years, art museums and community arts centres have been mushrooming in China as the country experiences rapid modernization and internationalization. How do you balance arts education in schools and arts education beyond school walls?Gardner:It is entirely to the good that students now have opportunities to learnabout the arts outside of class ─in museums, in children’s palaces, through the electronic media, community centres, and outdoor installations. Very often children learn much more comfortably and perso nally in what we call “informal educational settings.”Optimally, there should be a division of labour between schools and informal settings. As just one example: Schools could focus more on providing history and cultural background ─whereas museums might provide the opportunity to learn about special topics, or probe into a topic more deeply.2.BAnn: Do you find there’s much opportunity... to do other things, besides studying, during term- time? I mean, if you have a, a very academic course, you say the social life is good, but you might not always have time to, er, enjoy it, if you ... have a lot... Ian: Not being a very academic course, I wouldn’t know.Ann: How about you, Tony?Tony: I suppose ... a business course isn’t particularly academic, if you like, but, er, I certainly find quite enough time to do newspapers and ... all I want to do on the social side. [Yes] Go to dances and so, on.Ian: But then you work till five in the morning, don’t you? [Laughter]Tony: Let’s not bring personalities into this!Ann: D'you think that a lot of students, are interested in producing things like newspapers and plays and writing poetry?Tony: No, but a lot of students like to have those things and a few students like to do them. This is why, I mean if you had—out of a college of, what is it, fifteen hundred students —if you had five hundred students going along to the Drama Club on the first week of term ... they try and mount two productions out of five hundred people. It’d be absolutely impo ssible. Yet, there are those, the sufficient people to see, what is it, twenty, thirty people, doing those productions. It’s the same with the newspaper. Ann: Yes. But erm, I think this is because more students haven’t got the confidence to show the work they do. I think a lot of students write things and paint, in the background, and just don’t like to er ...Ian: Er, I think, I think myself, they’re just not interested, in [You don’] sort of taking part in joint efforts. They prefer just to erm, well, they might write poetry on their own or something, but they were asked to write something for a newspaper, they wouldn’t be interested.Ann: Is this because the courses are too difficult? They have too much academic work, as I said before?Tony: I think i t’s all psychological, to bring a nice big word into it! Erm ... those students think they shouldn’t do it, because they think they won’t have [Mm] time and so on. I think this is the thing. It’s not a question of not having enough time. It’s just organizing it. I mean, Ian says I stay up till five in the morning or whatever, you know, never go to bed till two. [Yes] You can, if you, if you’re determined to do something, you can arrange it. You can say, “Okay, I’ll do the newspaper between lectures finishin g at four, or whatever, and go home at six”, and you have two hours a day on the newspaper, say. You know, [Yes] just, say, this is a way of organizingthings. A lot of other students will say at four, “Oh dear, I must go on working, but before that I must have a break”. And they spend two hours in a coffee bar. Okay, this [laughter] is the way they want to organize their time. [Yes] They spend it... you know ... it’s just that I want to do it doing newspaper, whereas other students want to drink coffee.Ann: So, in other words, students have an awful lot of freedom of choice on how they organize their social life and how they organize their working life, how they spend their money. And I think this is erm, one of the ideal things about being a student.Ia n: You’re not tied down by anything. You just do more or less as you please, within the framework of going to lectures, or the majority of lectures.Ann: Yes, that’s right, I mean, I, I have worked before and erm ... although I had, theoretically, a lot more free time ... erm ... it was only within certain hours, you know, after working hours, and at weekends, [Mm] and this isn’t what I call free time. You know, I mean, at the moment with lectures, you can take off two or three hours during the afternoon a nd go to see an art exhibition. Whereas if you’re ... erm, working all week, you have to restrict it to weekends when the art gallery is ... crowded with the weekend trippers and, [Mm. Mm.] and it’s quite unpleasant.3.ADaniel Denecke: Hello and welcome! Thank you for the opportunity to speak to so many of you about the issues facing graduate education today.Virginia: Hi, Daniel. My company recently hired a lot of PhDs. Many have good research skills, but no social skills and no working experiences besides academic experiences. Maybe universities can do a better job to address this issue.Daniel Denecke: This is something that graduate deans are beginning to address now through various professional development programs.At the master’s level, there are many “professional master’s degrees” that combine core, curricular content of a traditional degree with internships and workshops in “soft skills” such as communication, presentation, lab and budget management, etc. New York, N.Y.: Hello Daniel. Isn’t it a little disingenuous to talk about how we need to protect America’s huge production of PhDs when America can’t employ many of those PhDs? When the academic job market is so tight, it seems like perhaps we need to do a better job of screening people out of doctoral programs, rather than accepting so many who will only be disappointed when they can’t get the jobs they want.Daniel Denecke: Some disciplines (History, for example) have attempted to addressthis by limiting enrollments.My own opinion is that a graduate degree is not only about preparing students for a “job” slot that already exists. Graduate degrees are giving people the high level cognitive skills and advanced thinking that will enable them to be flexible and to adapt to an economic world where jobs are always changing. This is why China and India and Europe are so aggressively building up their graduate degree programs. Princeton, N.J.:Hi, I’m very grateful for this Q&A session. I’m an electrical engineering doctoral student in my third year. When I got shoulder-deep into doctoral research. I found it to be arduous and unrewarding, and I’m leaving graduate school without my PhD.My question then is: in the face of 50-60% attrition rates, should we really be handing out fellowships and support to push students right out of undergrad (like myself) who don’t necessarily know what they want to do with their lives? Won’t this worsen the attrition rates? Thank you for your time.Daniel Denecke: One of the things that universities are doing now to try to address exactly the problem you experienced here is to enhance the pre-admission and orientation processes so that students have a better sense of what a career in research entails. For instance, pre-admission summer research opportunities, workshops, peer mentoring, etc.Burke, Va.:Hello, Daniel. Is it better for future career prospects to earn a master’s degree from an online university or to earn a master’s degree from a university where classroom attendance at the university is a compulsory step to graduating?Daniel Denecke: Distance and online graduate education is becoming more and more common. But there is a lot of fluctuation in quality. Some online degrees are very good, and for others the quality is unknown or contested. Regional accreditation is one way of inquiring about how the graduate education community perceived these degrees.113.BSince we’re meeting here at Wisconsin, I'll draw upon a local example of a faculty member who embodies the principle of research and education being two sides of the same “integrated” coin. U.W. plant pathologist Paul Williams invented what are called “Fast Plants” — these go from being a seed to producing seeds in just 35 days. Fast plants were first developed as a research tool for biologists, but have come to be used in science classrooms around the globe. Because the plants grow and develop so fast, students can study the plants’ genetic changes over a semester. Professor Williams says fast plants “became part of a la rger sea-change in the way biology is taught. We measure our success,” he says, “by how much our ideas are adopted and adapted.” What a glowing example of integrating education and research! Throughout my own career, I have had a passion for the integration of teaching and learning with research, within both undergraduate and graduate education. Educating engineers has occupied the greater part of my life. While I was Dean of Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania, we experienced the usual challenges in supporting our graduate students financially as well as intellectually. One mechanism of financial support, still ubiquitous across academe, was to appoint first-year graduate students as Teaching Assistants (TAs), a kind of itinerant labor performed adhoc for pay, and rarely integrated within the students’ research activities. This practice fosters the attitude among students that teaching is some sort of “add-on”, not part and parcel of their doctoral education.However, our Department of Chemical. Engineering implemented quite another approach — to support all first-year graduate students fully the first year, with stipend funds drawn primarily from departmental general funds contributed by the Dean, industry and endowment income. Then, around each student’s third year, he or she would undertake a teaching practicum—first, being given preparation on how to teach and, second, teaching undergrads as a component of the doctoral curriculum. When I tried to institutionalize this paradigm across the school, one argument posed against it was that since the graduate students were partly supported by industrial monies, industry would not want their investment used for a teaching practicum. So. I canvassed a group of CEQs —and 100% of them said they’d love to hire PhDs with both teaching training and experience.Indeed, graduate students today may follow ever more diverse pathways, yet all will need the skills of teaching and learning, whether they end up as professors, practicing in industry, or serving in government.12。