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ⅲ与3的用法
ⅲ与3的用法
在数学中,罗马数字Ⅲ和阿拉伯数字3具有相似的意义,都表示计数或顺序。
但是,罗马数字Ⅲ通常用于较大的数字,特别是在罗马时代,而阿拉伯数字3则更为通用。
此外,罗马数字Ⅲ还有特定的数学符号意义,例如表示三角形。
- 阿拉伯数字3的用法:
阿拉伯数字3是一个基本的计数和顺序符号,可以用于表示数量、次序或顺序等。
例如,表示数量时可以表示三本书、三个苹果等;表示次序或顺序时可以表示第三名、第三个进球等。
在数学中,3通常用于表示一些基本的数学概念或运算,如三次方根、三角函数等。
- 罗马数字Ⅲ的用法:
罗马数字Ⅲ主要用于较大的计数或顺序,特别是在罗马时代。
例如,罗马帝国的年份和历史事件通常使用罗马数字来标记。
此外,罗马数字Ⅲ也可以用于表示三角形的数学符号,例如直角三角形、等边三角形等。
在科学和工程领域,罗马数字Ⅲ也用于表示一些特定的参数或符号,如质量、体积等。
总之,罗马数字Ⅲ和阿拉伯数字3都是计数和顺序的符号,但在使用上略有不同。
罗马数字Ⅲ主要用于较大的计数和顺序,特别是在历史和科学领域,而阿拉伯数字3则更为通用,在日常生活中更常用。
3在生活中可以表示什么
3在生活中可以表示什么
在生活中,数字3可以表示许多不同的事物和概念。
它是一个有趣而多面的数字,可以在各种场合和情境中被发现。
下面我们来看看3在生活中可以表示什么。
首先,3可以表示团结和和谐。
在许多文化和宗教中,3被视为一个具有特殊
意义的数字。
例如,在基督教中,三位一体代表了上帝的三个位格,父、子和圣灵。
在许多民间传说和神话中,三个兄弟或三个姐妹通常代表着团结和和谐的家庭关系。
因此,3可以被视为一种象征,代表着团结和和谐的力量。
其次,3也可以表示平衡和完整。
在许多领域中,平衡和完整都是非常重要的
概念。
例如,在艺术和设计中,三角形被认为是一种非常平衡和完整的形状,因为它具有三个相等的边和三个相等的角。
在哲学和心理学中,三个要素的平衡和完整性被视为一种理想状态,可以带来内心的平静和满足感。
最后,3也可以表示变化和发展。
在自然界和人类社会中,一切都在不断地变
化和发展。
这种变化和发展通常可以被分为三个阶段,开始、中间和结束。
例如,在植物的生命周期中,种子发芽、成长、开花结果,这三个阶段代表着植物的生长和发展过程。
在人类社会中,许多事物也经历着类似的变化和发展过程,例如家庭的成长、企业的发展等。
综上所述,3在生活中可以表示团结和和谐、平衡和完整以及变化和发展。
这
个数字在我们的日常生活中随处可见,它提醒着我们生活中重要的价值和原则,同时也让我们更加深入地理解世界的本质和规律。
让我们在生活中保持团结和和谐,追求平衡和完整,不断地变化和发展,让自己和周围的世界变得更加美好和丰富。
3的寓意和象征
3的寓意和象征3的寓意和象征一直以来都是令人着迷的话题,它在人们的生活中占据着重要的地位,不仅仅出现在数字、图形、文学、艺术等方面,还深刻影响着人们的思想、信仰和文化。
在这篇文章中,我将详细介绍3的寓意和象征,以及它所代表的含义和影响。
首先,3是一个具有神秘色彩的数字,它既可以代表幸运和成功,也可以代表不幸和厄运。
在苏格拉底哲学中,3被视为灵魂的数字,因为人们的灵魂是由三部分组成的:理智、情感和欲望。
在基督教中,3被视为象征着三位一体的上帝:父、子和圣灵。
此外,3还代表了生命、死亡和再生。
在古埃及神话和其他文化中,3代表了三个阶段的循环:生命、死亡和再生。
因此,3可以被看作是一个象征着生命循环的数字。
其次,3还与创造、平衡和完美相关联。
在美学中,3是一个非常重要的数字。
它被视为最平衡和完美的数字,因为它刚好处在1和5之间。
三角形也是一个具有完美平衡的形状。
许多艺术品中都有3的影子,例如三原色、三分色彩、三分构图等等。
此外,在许多文化中,3还被视为一个神圣的数字,因为它代表了创造力和天赋。
三只乌鸦、三只小熊和三只猪都被视为聪明、勇敢和有才华的动物,在古代也被视为象征着精灵和神仙。
最后,3还代表了联合、和谐和团结。
这一点在许多文化中都非常明显。
在儒家文化中,三才是社会组织的基础,三纲五常是家庭道德的基础。
在希腊神话中,三姐妹毕斯提斯是命运女神,代表着联合、平衡和团结。
在印度教中,三位主神布拉马、维希努和湿婆代表着三种“神圣能量”,这些能量一起形成了宇宙的平衡和谐。
3的寓意和象征是多种多样的,每个人对于3的理解也是不同的。
它可以代表幸运、成功、生命、创造力、和谐、团结等等,这些都是人们追求的目标。
同时,3也可以代表着不幸、痛苦和困难,对于这些挑战,我们需要勇敢地面对和克服。
因此,3不仅是一个数学数字,也是一个哲学概念和文化符号,渗透在人们的生活和思维之中。
它给我们带来了深刻的启示和思考,也让我们惊叹于数字和生命的奥秘。
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【合伙人pany.Men.2010.BluRay.720p.DTS.x264-CHD.mkv】
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全新版大学英语综合教程3UNIT 4单词
• n. 列; • 栏,专栏; • (圆)柱; • 纵队,直行 E.G : A column of soldiers were marching down the road. 一队士兵沿路走去
column
bug
• V 长大,使突出; 打扰,烦扰; E.G : This little guy really bugged me. 那个小家伙实在令我恼火 在……装窃听器 E.G : She suspected that her phone had been bugged. • N 虫子,臭虫; 小病,(机器)故障; 窃听器
appearance
• (n. 外貌;出现 • to all ~s 就外表来看,根据观察推测。 • E.g : He did not answer and was to all appearances asleep. 他没有答话,看来 是睡着了 • 【反】disappearance 失踪,消失,不 见
• phrase: in the blink of an eye就在眨眼之间 on the blink出毛病 eg:If a machine goes on the blink, it stops working properly.
regardless
1.prep phrase 不顾;不管;不论 Regardless of whether he is right or wrong, we have to abide by his decisions 2.adv.不管怎样;无论如何;不顾一切地 Despite her recent surgery she has been carrying on regardless.
wit
make like
3的数字代表什么意思有什么含义
3的数字代表什么意思有什么含义数字“三”无论是西方还是在中国都被作为神秘的象征。
那么,你知道3的数字代表什么意思吗?接下来就跟着店铺一起去看看3的数字代表含义吧。
3的数字含义数字3的含义:表达数在两个对立之间有著抽象或灵性的关系,例如阴和阳并不是一种关系,爱或欲望必须存在,这样才会有所谓的关系出现,关系的建立是存在于两端之内的第三股力量,对立的和解是宇宙中第三力量。
三的扮演角色,在“三位一体”中得以认知,这在古埃及或世界上其他的神话(例如____的三位一体)中出现。
数字3拥有极高的表达天赋,他们会非常乐意跟人交流自己的想法,也会非常喜欢各种社交关系带给自己的新鲜感。
他们喜欢在人群中表现自己,由于他们对情绪拥有极强的感受力,天性中又带着浪漫快乐的一面,所以他们时常会成为朋友圈内调解气氛的快乐源泉。
数字3的含义关键词:沟通、社交、快乐象征符号:三角型属性:灵巧聪慧型对应色彩:黄色五行:阳火星座排行:双子、双鱼数字3在形态上是个多方位的“可爱数”,把3侧翻过去就是英文字母E,躺下又像是W,趴下看又成了M,这是阿拉伯数字里最有趣的一个数。
3代表关系,黑与白无法直接关联,阴和阳必须同时存在,关系的建立是第三种力量。
1是父亲,2是母亲,而3就是它们的“孩子”。
在____中,3是圣父、圣子和圣灵的综合体,即男性驱动力+儿童状态+灵性结合三位一体数。
这是一个乐观机敏的数字,具有旺盛的好奇心,乐观善于表达,具备孩子一般的纯真与多变性。
正面优势聪明,热情,想象力丰富,有创意,幽默感,充满活力,善于表达,时尚,擅社交,沟通,多才多艺,有趣,乐观,有激情,受欢迎负面挑战夸张,缺乏责任心,做作,缺乏方向,自我怀疑,搬弄是非,幼稚,逃避现实,肤浅,虚荣浮华,喋喋不休,撒谎,铺张浪费恐惧被限制,无聊,面对现实,不被关注数字3的象征意义数字“三”无论是西方还是在中国都被作为神秘的象征。
“三”在符号象征体系中,几乎不含任何反面意义,其象征意义涉及到宗教思想、传统、神等诸多领域。
由三个不同的英文字母和三个不同的阿拉伯数字组成一个
一般模型: 一般模型
个元素, 从4个不同的元素a、b、c、d中取出 个元素,然 不同的元素 中取出3个元素 后按照一定的顺序排成一列,共有多少种不同的排法? 一定的顺序排成一列 后按照一定的顺序排成一列,共有多少种不同的排法?
由此可以写出所有的排列:
abc adb bca cab cda dba
abd adc bcd cad cdb dbc
练习
练习2 练习2.在A、B、C、D四位候选人中,选举 四位候选人中, 四位候选人中
正、副班长各一人,共有几种不同的选法?写出所 副班长各一人,共有几种不同的选法? 有可能的选举结果. 有可能的选举结果. 解:选举过程可以分为两个步骤. 选举过程可以分为两个步骤.
步选正班长, 人中任何一人可以当选 人中任何一人可以当选, 种选法 种选法; 第1步选正班长,4人中任何一人可以当选,有4种选法; 步选正班长 步选副班长, 人中任一人都可以当选, 第2步选副班长,余下的 人中任一人都可以当选,有3 步选副班长 余下的3人中任一人都可以当选 种选法. 种选法. 根据分步计数原理,不同的选法有: 根据分步计数原理,不同的选法有: 4 ×3=12(种). = ( 其选举结果是: 其选举结果是: AB AC AD BC BD CD BA CA DA CB DB DC
问题1 从甲、 问题1 从甲、乙、丙3名同学中选出 名参加 名同学中选出2名参加 名同学中选出
某天的一项活动,其中1名同学参加上午的活动 名同学参加上午的活动, 某天的一项活动,其中 名同学参加上午的活动, 1名同学参加下午的活动,有多少种不同的方法? 名同学参加下午的活动, 名同学参加下午的活动 有多少种不同的方法? 元素: 元素:被选取的对象 一般模型: 一般模型: 个元素, 从3个不同的元素 个不同的元素a,b,c中取出 个元素,然后按照一 中取出2个元素 然后按照一 定的顺序排成一列 一共有多少种不同的排列方法? 排成一列, 定的顺序排成一列,一共有多少种不同的排列方法?
《听力教程3》听力原文及参考答案
《听⼒教程3》听⼒原⽂及参考答案Book ThreeUNIT 1Section OnePart 1Spot DictationHouses in the FutureWell, I think houses in the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical (5) to run. Perhaps they will use (6) solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we (7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of (8) electronic gadgets: things like very advanced televisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up ... the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10) garage doors which open automatically when you (11) drive up, perhaps electronic (12) sensors which will (13) recognize you when you, when you come to the front door even. Perhaps (14) architects and designers will be a bit more (15) imaginative about how houses are designed and perhaps with the (16) shortage of space people will think of putting gardens (17) on the roof and, and maybe rooms can be (18) expanded and, and (19) contracted* depending on what you use them for, so perhaps there'll be a bit more (20) flexibility about that. Part 2Listening for GistA: Tuesday two fifteen. Let me look inmy diary. B: No, Thursday.A: Oh, I'm sorry. I thought you said Tuesday.B: Thursday two fifteen. No, I'm sorry. I've got an appointment until three. Could we make it later?Say three fifteen?A: Well, there's a lot to talk about. It'll take a couple ofhours, at least. B: Shall we say Monday morning, then?A: Monday morning. All right. Nine o'clock?B: Nine. I think that will be all right. I'll ring you backand confirm. A: All right. But ring before five, couldyou?B: All right.A: Right you are. Bye. B: Bye.Exercise. Directions: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This dialogue is about making an appointmentWoman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late. Man:Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me explain, will you?Man: I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just let meexplain. (Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a whileto repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name of the restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car. Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late,you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?Woman: Pardon?Man: Which garage did you take it to?2.The key words are Tuesday. Thursday. two fifteen. three fifteen. Mondaymorning. nine o'clock.Section Two Listening comprehensionPart 1 DialogueI'm terribly sorry I'm late.Woman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late. Man:Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me explain, will you?Man: I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just letme explain. (Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a whileto repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name of the restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car. Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late,you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?Woman: Pardon?Man: Which garage did you take it to?Woman: Uh ... the one near my flat. You know. Lewis Brothers.Man: Yes, I know that garage. It's the only one near your flat.Woman: Hmm, well now, let's have something to eat. Uh, what about some ... Man: I know the garage very well! Woman: Yes. Let's see now. Yes, I think I'll have some ...Man: A pity it's Sunday.Woman: Pardon?Man: A pity it's Sunday. That garage is closed on Sunday!Exercise Directions: Listen to the dialogue and answer the following questions."Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car."4.Because she wants to stop the conversation like this.Because he knows the girl is lying.Part 2 PassageThe Oscar Statuette1 Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit", but the term never stuck.2. No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, a Hollywood columnist used the name in his column.3. Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.1.T hey are possibly boyfriend and girlfriend.2.In a restaurant.3."It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?""I've only been waiting for over an hour.That's all" "After all, my time isn't reallythat important, is it?" well, at least It waslucky you found a barrage to repair yourcar4. If the statuettes don't meet strict quality control standards, they are immediately cut in half and melted down.5.The large boxes are shipped to the Academy offices via air express, with no identifiable markings.The Oscar statuette, designed by MGM's* chief art director Cedric Gibbons, depicts* a knight holding a crusader's* sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes, signifying the original branches of the Academy: Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar". Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit". The entertainment trade paper, Weekly Variety, even attempted to popularize "the iron man". The term never stuck.A popular story has been that an Academy librarian and eventual executive director, Margaret Herrick, thought the statuette resembled her uncle Oscar and said so, and that as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar.No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, Hollywood columnist Sidney Skolsky used the name in his column in reference to Katharine Hepburn's first Best Actress win. The Academy itself didn't use the nickname officially until 1939.Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards - with a few notable exceptions. In the 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas* of the statuette; a ventriloquist* Edgar Bergen was presented with a wooden statuette with a moveable mouth; and Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of plaster. After the War, winners turned in the temporary awards for golden Oscar statuettes.The traditional Oscar statuette, however, hasn't changed since the 1940s, when the base was made higher. In 1945, the base was changed from marble to metal and in 1949, Academy Award statuettes began to be numbered, starting with No. 501.Approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by the manufacturer, R. S. Owens. If they don't meet strict quality control standards, the statuettes are immediately cut in half and melted down.Each award is individually packed into a Styrofoam* container slightlylarger than a shoebox.Eight of these are then packed into a larger cardboard box, and the large boxes are shipped to the Academy offices in Beverly Hills via air express, with no identifiable markings.On March 10, 2000, 55 Academy Awards mysteriously vanished en route from the Windy City* to the City of Angels. Nine days later, 52 of stolenstatuettes were discovered next to a Dumpster* in the Koreatown section of Los Angeles by Willie Fulgear, who was later invited by the Academy to attend the Oscar 2000 ceremonies as a special guest.For eight decades, the Oscars have survived war, weathered earthquakes, and even managed to escape unscathed* from common thieves. Since 1995, however, R. S. Owens has repaired more than 160 statuettes. "Maybe somebody used chemicals on them to polish them and the chemicals rubbed right through the lacquer* and into the gold," explains the company president. "Or maybe people stored them someplace where they corroded." Although he stresses that the statuette is made to endure, Siegel offers this sage advice to all Oscar winners: "If it gets dusty, simply wipe it with a soft dry cloth." Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionEvery January, the attention of the entertainment community and of film fans around the world turns to the upcoming Academy Awards, the highest honor in filmmaking. The annual presentation of the Oscars has become the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' most famous activity. The Oscar Statuette is a knight holding a crusader's sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listening to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.----I...- 1. There were five original branches of the Academy.(Because the five spokes on the reel of film signify the original branchesof the Academy:Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.)~ 2. The Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar" in 1928.(Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Meritwas officially named "Oscar.")----I...- 3. The Academy staff began referring to the Academy statuette as Oscar because Margaret Herrick said the statuette was like her uncle Oscar.(An Academy librarian and eventual executive director, MargaretHerrick, thought the statuette resembled her uncle Oscar and said so,and as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar.)4. Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards. (There were a few notable exceptions. In 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas of the statuette and a ventriloquist Edgar Bergen gained a wooden statuette with a moveable mouth. Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes. )----I...- 5. Oscars were made of plaster in the 1940s because of the War. (Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of plaster.) ----I...- 6. The manufacturer, R. S. Owens makes about 50 Oscars each year in Chicago. (Approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by the manufacturer, R. S. Owens.)~ 7. 55 Academy Awards were stolen by a mysterious person en route from the Windy City to the City of Angels on March 10, 2000.(On March 10,2000,55 Academy Awards just mysteriously vanished en route from the Windy City to the City of Angels, but how and by whom was unknown.) ~ 8. For eighty years, the Oscars have survived war, weathered earthquakes, managed to escape unscathed from common thieves and even chemical corrosion.(Since 1995, however, R. S. Owens has repaired more than 160 statuettes. "Maybe somebody used chemicals on them to polish them and the chemicals rubbed right through the lacquer and into the gold."Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.T he traditional Oscar statuette hasn't changed since the 1940s, when the basewas made higher.In 1945, the base was changed from marble to metal and in 1949, Academy Award statuettes began to be numbered, starting with No.501.2.(Open)Section ThreeNewsNews Item1Bush-NATO-IraqMr. Bush says he hopes America's NATO allies will stand with the United States if he decides to take military action against Iraq.All the same, the president says no action is likely in the near future. He says for now the focus is on implementing the new UN resolution that calls for a tough weapons inspection regime* and warns of consequences if Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein fails to comply*.Administration official say they expect the NATO summit to release a political statement backing the UN resolution. They say President Bush will bring up Iraq in his bilateral meetings in Prague*, but they also say they do not believe the Iraqi threat will be the focus of the summit.In Prague, the alliance plans to take steps toward the creation of a rapid deployment force that can playa role in combating terrorism. The president said even the smallest NATO member nations can contribute something to the causeExercise A Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.Exercise B Directions: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions1.He hopes America's NATO allies will stand with the United States if hedecides to take militaryaction against Iraq.2.No, the president says no action is likely in the near future.3.They expect the NATO summit to release a political statement backing the UNresolution.4.The NATO summit is held in Prague.No, it will not be the focus of the NATO summit.Bush-IraqPresident Bush says everyone knows the real power in Iraq lies with Saddam Hussein: "There is no democracy. This guy is a dictator and so we have to seewhat he says." The president says the Iraqi leader has a choice to make: disarm peacefully or be disarmed by force: "If Saddam Hussein does not comply to the detail of the resolution, we will lead a coalition to disarm him. It is over. We are through with negotiations. There is no more time. The man must disarm. He said he would disarm. He now must disarm." Mr. Bush spoke with reporters while touring the Washington D.C. police department, a tour designed to highlight his plan to create a cabinet level Department of Homeland Security. He left no doubt his patience regarding Iraq is wearing very thin*, stressing the United States will no longer tolerate any efforts by Saddam Hussein to circumvent* demands to disarm. Exercise BExercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the Bush administration's attitude towards Iraq. Directions: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).British Prime Minister Tony Blair delivered a radio address late Thursdayto the Iraqi people warning that Saddam Hussein must comply with UN demands or suffer the consequences.Prime Minister Blair said Saddam Hussein must cooperate with UN weapons inspectors, or be prepared to face military action. In an interview with Radio Monte Carlo's Arabic service Thursday, Mr. Blair said war could be avoided, if Iraq agreed to disarm."The situation is very clear. If Saddam Hussein agrees to disarm Iraq of all chemical, or biological or nuclear weapons programs and capability, then conflict would be avoided, and his duty is to cooperate fully with the inspectors to tell them exactly what material he has, to cooperate and comply with them in the eradication of that material."The prime minister said he wanted to speak directly to the Iraqi people to try to dispel* what he called myths that have arisen between Christians and Muslims. He said the dispute with Iraq is not about the West versus the East or about oil, but about weapons of mass destruction.Exercise ADirections: Listening to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about British Prime Minister's stand on the Iraqi issue.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.Prime Minister Blair warned that Saddam Hussein would suffer theconsequences unless he cooperated with the UN weapons inspectors. Saddam Hussein should cooperate fully with the inspectors to tell them exactly what material he has, and comply with them in the eradication of that material.2.On Thursday Tony Blair had an interview with Radio Monte Carlo's Arabicservice.3.According to the Prime Minister, the conflict can be avoided if SaddamHussein agrees to disarm Iraq of all chemical. or biological or nuclearweapons programs and capability.4.Mr. Blair said the dispute with Iraq is not about the West versus the East orabout oil, but about weapons of mass destruction.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Feature reportBlix’s Iraq InspectionThe chief UN arms inspector has been assigned the task of searching for weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. The Security Council gave Iraq this last opportunity to disarm or face serious consequences, a euphemism* for possible war. The United States says it will make sure Iraq disarms, one way or another.But Mr. Blix* emphasizes that his inspectors will not determine the courseof events in the region. He says they will visit suspected sites, conduct interviews with Iraqi scientists, ferret* out information and report back to the Security Council for its members to decide.As for US and British intelligence reports, which the Bush administration says proves that Iraq has banned weapons, Mr. Blix says he is not going into Iraq with pre-conceived ideas of what is there.The next test for Iraq will be December 8th, the deadline for Iraq to present a full accounting of its weapons programs. If Iraq presents, in effect, a blank sheet, Mr. Blix says, he would expect the United States to put its evidence on the table, so it can be verified.Iraq has persistently maintained it does not have the banned weapons. The latest such assertion came in a letter to the UN this week, in which Baghdad accepted the latest Security Council resolution setting out the parameters* for what experts say will be the most intrusive inspections in Iraq, so far.After the preliminary technical work starting Monday, Mr. Blix says, he expects the first wave of inspections to start November 27th. Two months later, he is required to report to the Security Council on Iraq's performance.Exercise ADirections: Listening to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about Mr. Blix's weapons inspections in Iraq.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and fill in the blanks with the missing words.Mr. Blix emphasizes that his inspectors will not determine the course of events in the region. He says they will visit suspectedsites, conduct interviews with Iraqi scientists, ferret out information and report back to the Security Council for its members to decide.The next test for Iraq will be December eighth, the deadline for Iraq to present a full accounting of its weapons programs. If Iraq presents, in effect, a blank sheet, Mr. Blix says, he would expect the United States to put its evidence on the table, so it can be verified.Iraq has persistently maintained it does not have the banned weapons. The latest such assertion came in a letter to the UN this week, in which Baghdad accepted the latest Security Council resolution setting out the parameters for what experts say will be the most intrusive inspections in Iraq, so far.Part 2 PassageRise and Fall of Egypt1.The Nile River was a kind friend but occasionally a hard taskmaster of the。
三月三活动方案小班
三月三活动方案小班一、活动主题。
“欢乐三月三,萌娃乐翻天”二、活动目标。
1. 让小班幼儿初步了解“三月三”的传统习俗,感受民族文化的魅力。
2. 通过有趣的活动,激发幼儿对民族文化的喜爱之情,增强民族自豪感。
3. 锻炼幼儿的动手能力、语言表达能力和社交能力。
三、活动时间。
[具体活动日期]四、活动地点。
小班教室及幼儿园户外操场(如果天气好的话)五、活动准备。
1. 教师准备。
收集关于“三月三”的图片、视频资料,制作成简单有趣的PPT。
准备好活动所需的材料,如彩色糯米饭的食材(糯米、紫甘蓝、黄栀子、枫叶等天然色素来源食材)、小绣球制作材料(彩色布块、棉花、小铃铛等)、小竹竿(用于跳竹竿舞)。
提前布置教室,营造“三月三”的节日氛围,张贴一些与“三月三”相关的图片,如壮族服饰、歌圩场景等。
2. 幼儿准备。
请家长提前给幼儿讲述一些关于“三月三”的简单故事,让幼儿有初步的认知。
六、活动流程。
# (一)活动导入(9:00 9:15)2. 播放欢快的壮族山歌音乐,教师随着音乐跳一小段简单的壮族舞蹈,邀请幼儿一起感受音乐的节奏,自由地摆动身体。
# (二)了解“三月三”(9:15 9:45)1. 教师播放PPT,用简单易懂、生动有趣的语言给幼儿介绍“三月三”的由来。
“小朋友们,在很久很久以前呀,有一个美丽的民族叫壮族。
每年的三月初三呢,就像我们过年一样热闹。
这一天呀,大家都会穿上漂亮的衣服,聚在一起唱歌、跳舞、吃好吃的。
”展示PPT上“三月三”歌圩的图片,解释说:“你们看,这些叔叔阿姨、哥哥姐姐们都在唱歌呢,这就叫做歌圩,大家用歌声来表达自己的快乐。
”2. 展示彩色糯米饭的图片,问幼儿:“小朋友们,你们看这个米饭是不是像彩虹一样漂亮呀?这可是壮族人民在三月三必吃的美食哦,它叫彩色糯米饭。
”简单介绍彩色糯米饭的制作过程,告诉幼儿这些漂亮的颜色都是从大自然的植物里变出来的,激发幼儿的兴趣。
# (三)制作彩色糯米饭(9:45 10:30)1. 将幼儿分成小组(每个小组3 4个小朋友),教师向幼儿展示制作彩色糯米饭的食材:“小朋友们,看,这是糯米,这是紫甘蓝,它可以把糯米变成紫色哦;这是黄栀子,能让糯米变成黄色呢;还有枫叶,可以做出黑色的糯米。
字谜-3——精选推荐
字谜-31、草原下⾯有颗⼼,⼈尔永远不分离,谆谆教诲不⽤说,元旦不是⼀⽉⼀,⼥⼈旁边⼦相随,思念粮⾷没有⽥,青草旁边藏颗⼼。
(谜底:愿你每⽇好⼼情)2、锦⾐⾦服兄⾝着,⼀个⼈有尔相伴,友⼈右⼿⼀竖左⼿⼀点,海边拾贝才快乐!友⼈右⼿⼀竖左⼿⼀点,⼤字踩在踏板上!(祝你发财,发达)3、天鹅飞去鸟归隐,⽩勺到⽼相伴陪,⽬光远视跟定你,⽥下有⼟⽣真情,⼝下有须很⽼诚,⽬中只有你⼀⼈,⼈尔结合幸福⼈。
(谜底:我的眼⾥只有你)4、兄弟⼿拿指⽰牌,指引⼈尔向前⾏,筷⼦不是⽤⽵制,灯光闪烁没有⽕,草莓头上不长草,灭了⽕后没有⽕,想吞⽶饭没有⼝。
(谜底:祝你快乐每⼀天)5、⽰旁站⽴兄长,尔等单⼈想傍,悔之⼼已离去,蚕⾍游离四⽅,⾐袂把⼼交互,掩去烁之⽕光,丽妍少⼥离去,志⼠远⾛他乡。
(谜底:祝你每天快乐开⼼)6、原本⼀⼼凝成爱,⼈尔结合好愉快,⼥⼦完美惹⼈爱,⼀撇⼀捺互⽀持,横竖都是⼀条⼼,⼀⽜⽴地⼜顶天,苹果去叶⽆纷扰,⼥⼦戴帽最美妙。
(谜底:愿你好⼈⼀⽣平安)7、天鹅⼀来鸟全飞,受⼈情意友坐底,尔旁⼀⼈两相伴,⽔头⼀点情深浓,砍去⽊头做成⾈,弯去⼸底⼜成器。
(迷底:我爱你永不变)。
8、青青草原有我⼼,⼼旁有尔不离分,⾟苦岁⽉有勇⼠,⼀⼝薄⽥⽰佳⾳,梅花未绽⽊正息,⽣⼈放⽜去耕耘,笑见百草化云纷。
(谜底:愿你幸福每⼀天)9、原来只因在⼼上,但见⼈来尔站旁,并因你两⽿不闻,如此忐忑上下⾛,⼤海因你⽽⼲涸,⼟地因你少⼗分,春蚕幼⾍⽆影踪。
(谜底:愿你开⼼每⼀天)更多精选专辑:指客⽹ () 栏⽬:猜字谜⼤全10、⽰字旁边⽴长兄,只见尔旁站⼀⼈,诀字⽆⼝却有⼼,烁字灭⽕真欢喜,⼤海⼲涸没有⽔,⼟地为你少⼗分,笑字草帽被摘⾛。
(谜底:祝你快乐每⼀天)11、⼀味蛮⼲少根筋,淅沥⾬落地也湿,⼗字路⼝选横⾏,⼀⼈孤单找个伴,⼥⼦埋头往西⾛,架⼦凭空没有⽊,抽⾛半边终遇⽔。
(谜底:⼆零⼀⼆要加油)12、坏屋⼟墙已被推,腰间亮剑退⽉回,貂⽪做⾐颜⾊美,为家伐⽊屋⾥堆,淮河⼜见⽔⼲涸,龙虾⾮⾍⼝⾥喂,到了⼈边反虺颓。
新视野大学英语3听说教程答案(清晰完整版)
Unit 6
Warming up 1."Get ready" 2.Climate changes are occuring more rapidly and natural disasters are becoming more severe. 3.Books on the subject of survival. Listening Short conversations 1.D 2.D 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C Long conversation 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D Passage 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.A Radio program 1.Islamabad 2.a tall Islamabad building 3.the Kashmirian Mountains 4.a heavily mititarized region 5.India
Unit 4
Warming up 1. Writer---Jack Kerouac 2. Artist---Jackson Pollock 3. Musician---Louis Armstrong 4. Symbol--- Statue of Liberty Listening Short conversations 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.D 10.A Long conversation 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.A Passage 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.B Radio program 1.for decades 2.healthy and aactive lifestyle 3.meet consumer demands
大学思辨英语教程 精读3课件Unit 3
Lead in
Text A offers an enlightening analysis of non-verbal communication across different cultures. The authors, Edward T. Hall and Mildred R. Hall, show us that cultural barriers could be overcome by increasing our awareness of cultural differences and by learning about the different ways in which we behave in different societies.
While culture is learned through practice and socialization, Text B provides a counter example to demonstrate the result of non-socialization. As you read the text, you can consider the importance of socialization for you to survive and develop your potential in a particular society.
Critical Thinking
Reading Skills
Learning Objectives
• Reading Skills
• Identify the structure of the text • Identify topic sentences • Use context to understand a new word
新标准大学英语综合教程3 unit3 课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程3 unit3 课文翻译Unit3Active reading 1我们是怎样听音乐的我们都按照各自不同的能力来听音乐。
但为了便于分析,如果把听的整个过程分成几个组成部分,那么这个过程会更清晰一些。
从某种意义上来说,我们听音乐有三个不同的层次。
由于缺乏更好的术语,我们姑且把它们命名为:(1)感官层次;(2)表现层次;(3)纯音乐层次。
把听的过程机械地分割为以上三个假想的层次,唯一的好处是让我们更清楚地了解自己是怎样听音乐的。
听音乐最简单的方式是为了去获取乐声带来的纯粹的愉悦感,这是音乐的感官层次。
在这个层次上,我们只是听音乐,不做任何思考。
我们打开收音机,一边做着其他的事情,一边心不在焉地沉浸在音乐中。
乐声本身的魅力带我们进入一种无需思考的美妙心境。
令人意外的是,许多自认为是合格的音乐爱好者在听音乐时过多地使用了这一层次。
他们去听音乐会是为了忘却自我。
他们把音乐当成一种慰藉,一种逃避,由此他们进入了一个可以忘却日常生活的理想世界。
当然,他们也没有在思考音乐。
音乐允许他们离开现实,到另一个地方去做梦,因为音乐而做梦,做有关音乐的梦,却从没有真正欣赏过音乐。
的确,乐声的魅力是一种强大而原始的力量,但是你不该让它占据你过多的兴趣空间。
感官层次是音乐的一个重要层次,非常重要,但并不是音乐的全部。
音乐存在的第二个层次就是我所说的表现层次。
一提到这个问题,我们马上就进入到一个颇具争议的领域。
作曲家总是设法避开有关音乐表现方面的讨论。
斯特拉温斯基不是曾经声称他的音乐是一个“物体”,是一件有自我生命的“东西”,除了纯音乐性的存在之外没有任何别的含意吗?斯特拉温斯基这种不妥协的态度可能源于这样的一个事实:有那么多的人尝试着从众多的音乐作品中读出完全不同的含意。
确实,要准确地说出一部音乐作品的含意已经很难了,要肯定并确定地说出来,还要使每个人对你的解释都感到满意,是难上加难。
但我们不该因此走到另一个极端,不能去剥夺音乐“表现”的权利。
Unit3 Reading3
"Gabby, You're Sooo Skinny""加贝,你太瘦了"I am a straight-A student.我是优等生。
I am very involved in school activities and considered a "very together”teenager.我积极参与学校活动,被认为是一个“非常合群”的青少年。
Or at least, I was It all started innocently enough.或者至少,我是这一切都开始得足够天真。
I weighed about 125 pounds. 我重约125磅。
I was not fat, but felt I could stand to lose a few pounds. 我并不胖,但我觉得我可以减几磅。
A friend of mine had gone on a health kick and was getting great results from it -she was losing weight, she felt better and her friends were telling her how great she looked I wanted to feel that way, too.我的一个朋友参加了一个健康计划,并取得了很好的效果——她的体重减轻了,她感觉好多了,她的朋友们告诉她,她看起来很好——我也想有那样的感觉。
I began exercising and eating healthy snacks instead of the usual Coke and-chips marathon watching the boob tube.我开始锻炼,吃健康的零食,而不是像往常那样马拉松式地看电视。
Within a couple of weeks I had lost weight, I was feeling good, I cared more about what I wore and started feeling attractive in a way I had not experienced before.几周后,我的体重减轻了,我感觉很好,我更关心自己的穿着,我开始以一种从未有过的方式感到自己很有吸引力。
3在生活中可以表示什么
3在生活中可以表示什么
在生活中,数字3可以表示许多不同的事物和概念。
从数学到文化,从宗教到
哲学,数字3都扮演着重要的角色。
让我们来看看在生活中,数字3可以表示什么。
首先,数字3在数学中代表着一个重要的概念,三角形。
三角形是几何学中的
基本形状之一,它由三条边和三个角组成。
三角形在建筑、设计和工程中都有着重要的应用,因此数字3在数学中具有重要的意义。
其次,数字3在文化和宗教中也有着特殊的含义。
在基督教中,三位一体是一
个重要的概念,代表着上帝的三位形态,父、子、圣灵。
在许多其他宗教和文化中,数字3也代表着神圣的力量和完美的平衡。
最后,数字3在日常生活中也有着特殊的意义。
许多人认为“第三次正是魅力
所在”,这意味着第三次尝试通常会带来成功。
此外,人们常常将事物分为三个部分,比如早、中、晚;过去、现在、未来等等。
总的来说,数字3在生活中有着丰富的含义和应用。
无论是在数学、文化、宗
教还是日常生活中,数字3都扮演着重要的角色,代表着力量、平衡和完美。
让我们珍惜数字3,体会它在生活中的深刻意义。
3 三级配电
第三节供配电系统与配电装置一、三级配电系统施工现场用电工程的基本供配电系统应当按三级设置,即采用三级配电。
(一)三级配电系统基本结构三级配电是指施工现场从电源进线开始至用电设备之间,应经过三级配电装置配送电力,即由总配电箱(一级箱)或配电室的配电柜开始,依次经过分配电箱(二级箱),开关箱(三级箱)到用电设备。
这种分三个层次逐级配送电力的系统就称为三级配电系统。
配电系统采用放射式和树干式,它的基本结构如以下框图。
(二)系统的设置原则三级配电系统应遵守四项基本原则:即分级分路原则,动照分设原则,压缩配电间距原则,环境安全原则。
1、分级分路(1) 从一级总配电箱(配电柜)向二级分配电箱配电可以分路,即一个总配电箱(配电柜)可以分若干分路向若干分配电箱配电;(2) 从二级分配电箱向三级开关箱配电同样可以分路,即一个分配电箱可以分若干支路向若干开关箱配电。
(3) 从三级开关箱向用电设备配电实行“一机一闸”制,不存在分路问题。
即每一开关箱只能连接控制一台与其相关的用电设备(含插座)。
按照分级分路原则的要求,在三级配电系统中,任何用电设备都不得越级配电,总配电箱和分配电箱不得挂接其它任何设备,否则,三级配电系统的结构形式和分级分路原则将被破坏。
2、动照分设动力配电箱与照明分配电箱宜分别设置。
当动力和照明合并设置于同一配电箱时,动力和照明应分路配电,动力和照明开关箱必须分别设置,不存在共箱分路设置问题。
3、压缩配电间距压缩配电间距原则是指各配电箱、开关箱之间的距离应尽量缩短。
总配电箱应设在靠近电源的区域,分配电箱应设在用电设备或负荷相对集中的区域,分配电箱与开关箱的距离不得超过30m,开关箱与其控制的固定式用电设备的水平距离不宜超过3m。
4、环境安全环境安全是指配电系统对其设置和运行环境的安全要求,包括三种环境要求:使用环境、维修环境和防护环境。
要求如下:(1) 使用、维修环境:满足压缩配电间距原则。
配电箱、开关箱周围应有足够二人同时工作的空间和通道,不得堆放任何妨碍操作、维修的物品,不得有灌木、杂草。
中国古代数字3的含义
中国古代数字3的含义
中国古代数字3的含义,可以用中文写成:"三"代表了很多重要
意义。
首先,它象征着天、地、人的统一,体现了宇宙的完整性和和谐。
其次,"三"也代表了生命的循环,包括过去、现在和未来的连续性。
此外,"三"也代表了三才(天、地、人)和三光(日、月、星),表达了自然的规律性和秩序。
古人还将"三"作为吉祥和幸运的象征,
认为它代表着吉祥、安宁和福气。
在文化传统中,"三"也被广泛应用
于许多方面,例如三才图、三角梅等。
总的来说,中国古代数字3具
有丰富的内涵和文化意义。
成本管理作业3参考答案
第3次任务试卷总分:100 测试时间:--一、单项选择题(共 23 道试题,共 23 分。
)1. 采用定额法计算产品成本时,生产工资费用定额的计算公式是(D)。
A. 产品实际工时×生产工资实际单价B. 产品实际工时×生产工资计划单价C. 产品生产工时定额×生产工资实际单价D. 产品生产工时定额×生产工资计划单价2. 由于修改旧定额而产生的新旧定额之间的差额称为(C)。
A. 定额差异B. 材料成本差异C. 定额变动差异D. 脱离定额的差异3. 采用定额法计算产品成本时,若差异额较大而且各月在产品数量变动也较大,差异额在完工产品和月末在产品之间进行分配的方法一般是采用(B)。
A. 定额差异的比例B. 定额成本的比例C. 脱离定额差异的比例D. 材料成本差异的比例4.定额法下的定额变动差异是指由于修订消耗定额或生产耗费的计划价格而产生的(B)。
A. 计划价格与实际价格的差额B. 新旧定额的差额C. 实际价格与计划价格的差额D. 月初定额与月末定额的差额5. 采用定额法计算产品成本时,对于定额变动差异若是定额降低,在月末计算产品成本时,还应( C )。
A. 从当月的产品成本当中扣除B. 加到当月的产品成本当中C. 对当月产品成本没有影响D. 应在月初产品成本当中进行调整,月末在产品成本不进行调整6. 定额法下的产品成本计算单中,在消耗定额降低时,月初在产品的定额成本调整和定额变动差异数,( D )。
A. 都是负数B. 都是正数C. 前者是正数,后者是负数D. 前者是负数,后者是正数7. 定额法的特点是( B )。
A. 对产品进行事前控制B. 对成本差异进行日常核算、分析和控制C. 进行成本的定期分析和考核D.上列三点都具备8. 定额成本与计划成本( D )。
A. 完全是一回事B. 毫无联系C. 可以互相代替D. 既有相同之处,也有不同之处,两者不能互相替代。
9. 在制造费用分为变动制造费用和固定制造费用的情况下,生产能力利用差异的计算公式是( B )。
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目录1、编制依据 (1)2、工程概况 (1)3、施工准备 (1)4、主体工程 (3)4.1 钢筋工程 (3)4.2 模板工程 (3)4.3 混凝土工程 (4)4.4 砌体工程 (5)5、屋面工程 (6)6、装饰工程 (8)6.1抹灰工程 (8)6.2 涂料施工 (9)6.3 墙、地砖施工 (9)6.4 吊顶工程 (10)6.5 安装工程 (10)7、质量保证措施 (11)8、塔吊冬期施工保证措施 (11)9、冬期施工成品及工程设施、设备保护 (12)10、冬期施工职业安全、健康和环境管理 (12)冬期施工方案1、编制依据1.1 郑州航空港河东四棚户一标工程设计图纸及地质勘察报告。
1.2《郑州航空港河东四棚户一标工程施工组织设计》1.3《建筑施工手册》(第五版)1.4《建设工程施工质量验收统一标准》(GB50300-2013)1.5《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》(GB50204-2015)1.6《建筑工程冬期施工规程》(JGJ104-2011)1.7《混凝土外加剂应用技术规程》(GB50119-2003)2、工程概况郑州航空港经济综合实验区河东第四棚户区一标段3#地块位于郑州市东南部中牟县三官庙乡教场袁村(万三公路旁),主要包括3栋30层住宅楼及一座地下车库,总建筑面积约18.18万平方米。
住宅范围地下室为剪力墙结构,公建范围地下室为框架结构。
计划开工日期:2015年12月25日(具体开工时间以开工令为准,相应工期顺延);计划竣工日期:2018年01月12日;总工期:750天;建设单位:郑州航空港区航程置业有限公司;勘查单位:黄河勘测规划设计有限公司;设计单位:北京市建筑设计研究院;监理单位:山东省建设监理咨询有限公司;施工单位:中铁四局集团有限公司。
3、施工准备3.1 冬期施工的起止时间3.1.1当室外日平均气温连续5天稳定低于5℃时,或按砌体验收规范,当日最低温度低于-3℃时也要进入冬季施工,应采取冬期施工措施,以防止建筑工程遭受冻害。
3.1.2当室外日平均气温连续5d高于5℃时解除冬期施工。
3.1.3 通过计算并结合工程特点,根据各时期的气温,选用合理的添加剂和保温措施。
3.2 准备工作3.2.1进入冬期施工前应根据本工程的实际情况,确定掺外加剂方式及保温的措施,材料部门提前组织有关机具、外加剂和保温供暖设备、材料的进场,组织有关人员对冬期施工知识学习。
3.2.2 对各种加热的设备、保温材料仔细检查其安全可靠性,工地临时供水管道做好保温防冻工作。
3.2.3 做好冬期施工砼、砂浆及外加剂的试验配验工作,检查施工配合比。
3.2.4安排专人杨超测量施工期间的室外气温并做好记录。
3.2.5及时接收接听天气预报,防止寒流突然袭击。
3.3 安全与防火3.3.1大雪后必须将架子上的积雪清扫干净,并检查马道平台,如有松动现象,务必及时处理。
3.3.2现场火源要加强管理。
3.3.3电源开关、各级配电箱等设备要加锁,并设专人负责管理,防止漏电触电。
3.3.4 生活区用电要加强管理,派专人定期检查宿舍内用电器线路损坏情况,防止触电引发火灾。
4、主体工程4.1 钢筋工程在负温下使用钢筋,施工时应加强检验,钢筋在运输、加工过程中防止摔砸、撞击和刻痕。
钢筋工程在冬期施工中应尤其注意钢筋的负温焊接。
4.1.1钢筋加工要按规范操作,在运输、加工过程中要轻拿轻放,以避免造成刻痕,撞击凹陷。
4.1.2钢筋接头及浇筑砼前将钢筋上的冰雪冻块清理干净。
4.1.3对浇筑完砼面的预留钢筋上的砼及时清理干净。
4.1.4 钢筋负温焊接,采用电弧焊焊接方法。
当环境温度低于-20℃时不得施焊。
4.1.5雪天或施工现场风速超过5.4m/s(3级风)焊接时,采用遮蔽措施,焊接后冷却的接头不要碰到冰雪。
4.2 模板工程模板保温措施:梁、墙、柱保温采用推迟模板拆除时间自然保温,顶板随砼浇筑随铺一层塑料薄膜。
砼达到设计强度30%后方可拆除保温模板和塑料薄膜,砼内部温度与表面温度、表面温度与外部温度之差在15℃以内为安全;如温差超过15℃时,加强保温措施,即加强塑料薄膜的覆盖厚度,提高表面和外部的温度,直至砼在养护期内缓慢冷却,确保内外温差不会超过15℃。
柱、墙模板在砼温度降至5℃,强度达设计强度时即可拆除,梁、板模板待砼强度边75%方可拆除模板及支撑,模板拆除后砼表面临时加薄膜覆盖,以保证砼缓慢冷却。
4.3 混凝土工程4.3.1 本工程采用商品混凝土,为了缩短养护时间冬期施工的混凝土一般选用硅酸盐水泥或普通硅酸盐水泥。
水泥的强度等级不宜低于42.5级,每立方米混凝土中的水泥用量不少于300kg,水灰比不应大于0.6,并加入早强剂。
为了减少冻害,应将配合比中的用水量降低至最低限度。
办法是:控制坍落度,加入减水剂,优先选用高效减水剂。
4.3.2 模板应在混凝土冷却到5℃后方可拆除。
冬期施工期间,随时掌握天气预报和寒潮、大风警报、以便及时采取防护措施。
4.3.3 施工注意事项:(1)当室外气温低于-5℃时,不得进行混凝土浇筑施工。
(2)墙体砼的浇筑要连续施工,间隔时间不超过2小时,不留或少留施工缝。
(3)浇筑竖向结构砼前先检查墙、柱模板的保温是否包裹严密,以防砼局部受冻。
(4)要求砼出搅拌机的温度不低于10℃,入模温度不低于5℃。
(5)外加剂采用无盐类防冻剂,大体积混凝土加用引气剂或引气减水剂,配置防冻剂溶液要有专人负责,严格控制防冻剂等外加剂掺量。
添加早强剂,使混凝土三天内强度达到50%,一周内强度达到70%。
外加剂必须使用符合设计规范规定,并经公司中心试验室的同意,并符合《混凝土外加刑应用技术规范》(GB8075、GB8076)的规定,方准使用.(6)梁板同时浇筑,浇筑方法采用从一端开始向另一端采用“赶浆法”浇筑。
砼振捣密实后抹平,在砼表面温度降至2℃之前覆盖一层塑料薄膜。
(7)混凝土养护:推迟墙柱拆模时间,利用模板保温,防止混凝土表面受冻害,施工后表面采用养护毯进行养护,保证混凝土养护温度不低于临界温度。
(8)严格控制板面上料时间及荷载,混凝土浇筑后24小时内严禁上料,料集中堆放荷载不大于0.4t。
4.4 砌体工程本工程砌体材料采用的是蒸压灰砂砖和加气混凝土砌块,根据《建筑工程冬期施工规程》,砌体工程冬季施工的具体方法有:外加剂法、冻结法、暖棚法三种。
冬期施工所用材料应符合下列规定:4.4.1 灰砂砖、加气混凝土砌块,在砌筑前应清除表面污物、冰雪等,不得使用遭水浸和受冻后的砖或砌块。
4.4.2 砂浆宜优先采用普通硅酸盐水泥拌制,冬期砌筑不得使用无水泥拌制的砂浆。
4.4.3 石灰膏、粘土膏或电石膏等宜保温防冻,当遭冻结时应经融化后方可使用。
4.4.4 拌制砂浆所用的砂不得含有直径大于1厘米的冻结块或冰块。
4.4.5 搅拌砂浆的时间适当延长,比常温期增加0.5-1倍4.4.6 拌合砂浆时水的温度不得超过80度,砂的温度不得超过40度,砂浆稠度宜较常温适当增大。
4.4.7 冬期施工的砖砌体,应按“三一”砌砖法施工,灰缝不应大于1厘米。
4.4.8 冬期施工中每日砌筑后,应及时在砌筑表面进行保护性覆盖,砌筑表面不得留有砂浆,在继续砌筑前,应扫净砌筑表面。
4.4.9 砌筑工程的冬期施工,应优先选用外加剂法,对绝缘装饰等有特殊要求的工程,可采用其他方法。
4.4.10 加气混凝土砌块承重墙体及围护外墙不宜冬期施工。
4.4.11 冬期砌筑工程应进行质量控制,在施工日记中除应按常规要求外,尚应记录室外空气温度、暖棚温度、砌筑时砂浆温度、外加剂掺量以及其他有关资料。
砂浆试块的留置,除应按常温规定要求外,尚应增设不少于两组与砌体同条件养护的试块,分别用于检验各龄期强度和转入常温28d的砂浆强度。
5、屋面工程5.1 屋面工程冬季施工,应选择无风晴朗天气进行,充分利用日照条件提高面层温度。
在迎风面宜设置活动的挡风装置。
5.2 屋面各层施工前,应将基层上面的积雪、冰霜和杂物清扫干净。
所用材料不得含有冰雪冻块。
5.3 用沥青胶结的整体保温层和板状保温层应在气温不低于-10℃时施工,用水泥、石灰或乳化沥青胶结的整体保温层和板状保温层应在气温不低于5℃时施工。
如气温低于上述要求,应采取保温防冻措施。
雪天和五级风以上天气不得施工。
5.4 找平层为水泥砂浆时,砂浆的强度等级不得小于M5,砂浆中可掺入氯化钠作防冻剂。
5.5 本工程防水层采用PVC防水卷材、高聚物改性沥青防水卷材,在冬季施工期间,应注意以下几点:5.5.1 基层处理剂要挥发完全、充分。
冬期施工常采用溶剂型处理剂,一是免遭受冻,二是易于操作。
冬季气温低,溶剂挥发缓慢,因此应严格控制溶剂干燥时间,冬期在10h以上基本挥发充分、完毕,然后安排热熔卷材工序,以防止火灾。
5.5.2 掌握住热熔铺贴要点。
热熔卷材施工时要求加热宽度应均匀一致,加热喷嘴距卷材面要适当,0.5m左右。
冬期施工气温低,热熔时间比常温要多一些,热熔至卷材表面有光亮时为宜,否则熔化不够。
如超出光亮程度过热熔化时,改性沥青易老化变焦,不利粘结,更不能熔透烧穿,把握住热熔火候才能粘结牢固。
铺贴卷材辊压时缝边必须溢出胶粘剂以验证粘贴是否严密,溢出的胶粘剂随之刮封接口,也是加强接缝牢固的必要措施。
5.5.3 卷材大面铺贴要注意将卷材内的空气排出,冬季防止空鼓现象。
5.5.4 做好接缝口及末端收头处理。
为提高冬期施工的可靠性,防止防水层热熔铺贴后有缝口翘边开缝的可能,要求接缝口及收头末端都用密封材料封口,提高防水抗渗能力。
5.5.5 雪天、风天、严寒阶段即寒流的气候条件下不得施工防水层。
5.5.6 对结构施工时预埋的各种管道要将端口封严,防止进入雨水冻胀。
5.5.7 安装的铸铁管用水泥捻好口时,应尽量在正温下操作,当气温低于-5℃时,应用高标号普通水泥,用热水随伴随用,捻好的口应及时遮盖保温。
5.5.8 给水管用石棉水泥接口时,应采用热水拌合接口材料,水温小于50℃;用膨胀水泥接口时,用35℃热水拌合。
当气温低于5℃时,不宜采用以上两种接口形式,排水管道用水泥砂浆接口时,应用35~70℃的热水拌合,施工好的接口应覆盖保温材料养护。
5.5.9 避免冬期进行管道的水压试验作业。
6、装饰工程冬季气温低,抹灰、涂料、贴瓷砖等作业面容易受冻,容易出现空鼓等质量问题。
因此,水泥沙浆找平抹灰、墙地砖的铺贴、油漆涂刷在冬季施工时,室内温度不能低于5℃。
6.1抹灰工程6.1.1 砂浆所用外加剂、水泥等存于棚内,保证其内部不得有冻块。
6.1.2 抹灰浇水在中午适量浇水湿润,不得出现墙面有明水结冰现象。
6.1.3 按图纸控制好砂浆配合比,拌制砂浆所用的砂不得含有直径大于1cm的冻结块或冰块。
砂浆使用时的温度,应在5℃以上。
为了获得砂浆应有的温度,可采用热水搅拌。