考研英语
考研大学英语试题及答案
考研大学英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The company has just announced a new policy that will come into effect from the beginning of next month.A) effectiveB) efficientC) sufficientD) deficient答案：A2. Despite the heavy rain, she managed to arrive at the meeting on time.A) in spite ofB) because ofC) regardless ofD) due to答案：A3. The professor's lecture was so engaging that the students were completely absorbed in it.A) distractedB) boredC) fascinatedD) indifferent答案：C4. The government has taken measures to ensure that the new regulations are strictly enforced.A) implementedB) ignoredC) delayedD) debated答案：A5. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the history of the region.A) detailedB) superficialC) completeD) partial答案：C6. The negotiations between the two countries were prolonged due to unresolved issues.A) shortenedB) extendedC) interruptedD) concluded答案：B7. The artist's work was highly praised for its originality and creativity.A) imitationB) plagiarismC) uniquenessD) monotony答案：C8. The report suggests that the company's profits havesignificantly increased this year.A) decreasedB) remained stableC) fluctuatedD) soared答案：D9. The scientist's findings have been widely acclaimed in the academic community.A) criticizedB) ignoredC) debatedD) celebrated答案：D10. The committee is currently reviewing the application to determine its eligibility.A) suitabilityB) ineligibilityC) unsuitabilityD) irrelevance答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1. The ________ of the project will be discussed at the next meeting.答案：feasibility2. The ________ of the disease has been linked to poor living conditions.答案：prevalence3. The ________ of the old bridge was a major concern for the city council.答案：stability4. The ________ of the company's stock has been rising steadily.答案：value5. The ________ of the new policy has been met with mixed reactions.答案：implementation6. The ________ of the ancient ruins was a significant discovery for archaeologists.答案：excavation7. The ________ of the forest has been causing concern among environmentalists.答案：deforestation8. The ________ of the patient's condition requires immediate medical attention.答案：severity9. The ________ of the experiment was successful, leading to important findings.答案：conduct10. The ________ of the book is not only informative but also entertaining.答案：narrative三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，然后回答问题。
考研学科英语试题及答案
考研学科英语试题及答案1. 单项选择题：从下列选项中选择一个最符合题意的答案。
试题1：In the sentence "The book is on the table," the word "on" is a preposition that indicates ________.A. locationB. timeC. quantityD. quality答案：A试题2：The phrase "break a leg" is commonly used to ________.A. wish someone to get injuredB. wish someone good luckC. tell someone to be carefulD. ask someone to perform答案：B2. 完形填空题：阅读下面的短文，从所给的选项中选择一个最佳答案填入空白处。
短文：The world is full of wonders, and one of the most fascinating is the human brain. It is a complex organ that allows us to think, feel, and interact with the world around us. Scientists have been studying the brain for centuries, trying to understand how it works. Despite all the research, there is still much we don't know about this incredible organ.试题：The human brain is a complex organ that ________.A. allows us to thinkB. makes us feelC. enables us to interactD. All of the above答案：D3. 阅读理解题：阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。
考研英语怎么说
考研英语怎么说你知道考研的英语怎么说吗?下面一起来看看吧。
考研的英文释义：take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools考研的英语例句：此外,考研所带来的潜在经济负担也是学生们不得不考虑的一个因素。
The potential financial burden represented by the examination is another factor students have to consider.同时指出考研对后期临床实习教学造成的巨大冲击;The writers summarized that it was good to support students in th eir pursuit of postgraduate studies.大学生考研与高校图书馆的考研信息服务Post-graduate rush and the relevant information service provided by academic libraries此外，考研所带来的潜在经济负担也是学生们不得不考虑的一个因素。
The potential financial burden represented by the examination is another factor students have to consider.新建本科院校学生考研的现状和策略研究On Students'Taking Entrance Examination for Graduate Studies in Newly- established Colleges老师们常说，考研是目前国内最难的考试。
Teachers always say that the postgraduate entrance examination is the most difficult one in China.另一方面，鼓励广大学生考研，引导培育良好学风，为实现高质量就业打牢基础。
英语考研真题及答案
英语考研真题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）Passage 1In recent years, the number of international students in the United States has been steadily increasing. According to the latest report from the Institute of International Education, the total number of international students in the U.S. has reached a new high of 1.1 million.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The growth of international students in the U.S.B. The Institute of International Education.C. The reasons for the increase in international students.D. The total number of students in the U.S.Answer: A2. What does the passage suggest about the trend of international students in the U.S.?A. It has been decreasing.B. It has been fluctuating.C. It has been increasing.D. It has remained stable.Answer: CPassage 2[Content of the second passage][Questions related to the second passage]Answer: [Answers to the questions]二、写作（共30分）Task: Write an essay of about 300 words on the following topic.Topic: "The impact of technology on education."[Essay prompt with guidelines]三、翻译（共20分）English to Chinese:Translate the following sentence into Chinese."The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in the way we live and work."Answer: 技术的快速发展已经改变了我们生活和工作的方式。
考研英语真题完整版(含答案)
考研英语真题完整版(含答案)考研英语真题完整版(含答案)IntroductionIn recent years, the number of students taking the postgraduate entrance exam, commonly known as the "gaokao", to pursue further education has continued to rise. The English section of this exam is of particular significance as it assesses the applicants' language proficiency and comprehension skills. This article aims to provide a complete version of the past years' English exam questions, along with their corresponding answers, in order to help students better prepare for the upcoming exam.Section I: Reading Comprehension1. Passage OneQuestions:1) What is the main topic of the passage?2) What does the passage imply about music's role in early childhood development?2. Passage TwoQuestions:1) What does the passage mainly discuss?2) What does the author mean by saying "Birds defy that rule." in paragraph 3?Section II: Vocabulary and Structure1. Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. Example:1) It is time that we ______ a solution to the problem.a) findb) will findc) foundd) have foundAnswer: a) findSection III: Cloze1. Choose the word or phrase that best fits the blank. Example:1) It was very kind ______ you to help me with my bags.a) forb) fromc) ofd) withAnswer: c) ofSection IV: TranslationTranslate the following sentences from Chinese to English.Example:1) 他们一起努力，最终实现了自己的目标。
英语专业的考研试题及答案
英语专业的考研试题及答案英语专业考研试题及答案一、阅读理解部分Passage 1The passage discusses the impact of globalization on language and culture. It highlights how English has become a global lingua franca and its influence on local languages and cultures around the world. The passage also mentions the importance of preserving linguistic diversity.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?2. How has English impacted local languages according to the passage?3. What is the significance of linguistic diversity mentioned in the passage?Answers:1. The main topic of the passage is the influence of globalization on language and culture.2. English has become a global lingua franca and has influenced local languages by causing some to borrow words and phrases from English, and in some cases, by threatening the survival of minority languages.3. The significance of linguistic diversity is that it enriches human culture and provides a variety of ways toexpress ideas and emotions.Passage 2The second passage explores the role of technology in education. It argues that while technology has made learning more accessible, it has also led to a decrease in face-to-face interaction and a potential loss of interpersonal skills.Questions:1. What is the main argument of the passage?2. What are the positive aspects of technology in education mentioned?3. What concerns does the passage raise about the use of technology in education?Answers:1. The main argument of the passage is that technology hasboth advantages and disadvantages in education.2. The positive aspects include increased accessibility to educational resources and the ability to learn at one's own pace.3. The concerns raised include a decrease in face-to-face interaction and the potential loss of interpersonal skillsdue to over-reliance on technology.二、完形填空部分Text:In recent years, the trend of eco-tourism has been gaining popularity. People are becoming more aware of the importanceof protecting the environment. However, it is crucial toensure that eco-tourism is sustainable and does not lead to the destruction of the very ecosystems it aims to protect.Questions:1. What is the main idea of the text?2. Why is sustainability important in eco-tourism?3. What could be the potential negative impact of eco-tourism if not managed properly?Answers:1. The main idea of the text is the growing popularity ofeco-tourism and the need for it to be sustainable.2. Sustainability is important in eco-tourism to ensure that the environment is not harmed by tourism activities and that the benefits are long-lasting.3. The potential negative impact of eco-tourism, if not managed properly, could be the destruction of ecosystems and the loss of biodiversity.三、翻译部分English to Chinese:The advancement of technology has brought about significant changes in the way we live and work.Chinese to English:随着科技的发展，我们的生活和工作方式发生了巨大变化。
2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语一真题考研英语一
2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)There's nothing more welcoming than a door opening for you. 1 the need to be touched to open or close, automatic doors are essential in 2disabled access to buildings and helping provide general3to commercial buildings.Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in 1960 after being invented six years4by Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitl. They5as a novelty feature, but as their use has grown, their 6 have extended within our technologically advanced world.Particularly7in busy locations or during times of emergency, the doors8crowdmanagement by reducing the obstacles put in people's way.9 making access both in and out of buildings easier for people, the difference in the way many of these doors open helps reduce the total area10 by them. Automatic doors often open to the side, with the panels sliding across one another. Replacing swing doors, these 11 smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without having to12 the way for a large, sticking-out door. There are many different types of automatic door, with each13 specific signals to tell them when to open.14 these methods differ, the main15 remain the same.Each automatic door system 16 the light, sound weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal to open. Sensor types are chosen to 17 the different environments they are needed in.18,a busy street might not19 a motion-sensored door, as it would constantly be opening for passers-by. A pressure sensitive mat would be more20 to limit the surveyed area.1.[A]Through [B]Despite [C]Besides [D]Without2.[A]revealing [B]demanding [C]improving[D]tracing3.[A]experience [B]convenience[C]guidance [D]reference4.[A]previously[B]temporarily [C]successively [D]eventually5.[A]held on [B]started out[C]settled down [D]went by6.[A]relations [B]volumes [C]benefits[D]sources7.[A]useful[B]simple [C]flexible [D]stable8.[A]call for [B]yield to [C]insist on [D]act as9.[A]As well as[B]In terms of [C]Thanks to [D]Rather than10.[A]connected[B]shared [C]represented [D]occupied11.[A]allow[B]expect [C]require [D]direct12.[A]adopt [B]lead [C]clear[D]change13.[A]adapting te [B]deriving from [C]relying on[D]pointing at14.[A]Once [B]Since [C]Unless [D]Although15.[A]records [B]positions [C]principles[D]reasons16.[A]controls [B]analyses[C]produces [D]mixes17.[A]decorate [B]compare [C]protect [D]complement18.[A]In conclusion [B]By contrast [C]For example[D]Above all19.[A]identify [B]suit[C]secure [D]include20.[A]appropriate[B]obvious [C]impressive [D]delicateSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Nearly 2000 years ago, as the Romans began to pull out of Scotland, they left behind a curious treasure:10 tons of nails, nearly a million of the things. The nail hoard was discovered in 1960 in a four-metre-deep pit covered by two metres of gravel.Why had the Romans bunied a million nails? The likely explanation is that the withdrawal was rushed, and they didn't want the local Caledonians getting their hands on 10 tons of weapon-grade iron. The Romans buried the nails so deep that they would not be discovered for almost two millennia.Later civilisations would value the skilled blacksmith's labour in a nail even more than the raw material. As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts, early 17th-century Virginians would sometimes bum down their homes if they were planning to relocate. This was an attempt to recover the valuable nails, which could be reused after sifting the ashes. The idea that one might bum down an entire house just to reclaim the nails underlines how scarce, costly and valuable the simple-seeming technology was.The price of nails fell by 90%between the late 1700s and mid-1900s,as economist Daniel Sichel points out in a research paper. According to Sichel, although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy, most of the credit goes to nail manufactures who simply found more efficient ways to turn steel into nails.Nails themselves have changed over the years, but Sichel studied them because they haven't changed much. Roman lamps and Roman chariots are very different from LED strips and sports cars,but Roman nails are still clearly nails. It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports cars since 1695,but to ask the same question of nails makes perfect sense.I make no apology for being obsessed by a particular feature of these objects: their price. I am an economist, after all. After writing two books about the history of inventions, one thing Ive leamt is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype, it's thecheap technologies that change the world.The Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing its cost-and it would have achieved little without a parallel collapse in the price of surfaces to write on, thanks to an often-overlooked technology called paper. Solar panels had few niche uses until they became cheap; now they are transforming the global energy system.21.The Romans buried the nails probably for the sake of[A]saving them for future use[B]keeping them from rusting[C]letting them grow in value[D]hiding them from the locals22.The example of early 17th-century Virginians is used to[A]highlight the thriftiness of early American colonists[B]illustrate the high status of blacksmiths in that period[C]contrast the attitudes of different civilisations toward nails[D]show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time23.What played the major role in lowering the price of nails after the late 1700s?[A]Increased productivity.[B]Wider use of new energies.[C]Fiercer market competition.[D]Reduced cost of raw materials.24.It can be leamed from Paragraph 5 that nails[A]have undergone many technological improvements[B]have remained basically the same since Roman times[C]are less studied than other everyday products[D]are one of the world's most significant inventions25.Which of the following best summarises the last two paragraphs?[A]Cheap technologies bring about revolutionary change.[B]Technological innovation is integral to economic success.[C]Technology defines people's understanding of the world.[D]Sophisticated technologies develop from small inventions.Text 2Parenting tips obtained from hunter-gatherers in Africa may be the key to bringing up more contented children, researchers have suggested. The idea is based on studies of communities such as the Kung of Botswana, where each child is cared for by many adults. Kung children as young as four will help to look after younger ones and baby-wearing", in which infants are carried in slings, is considered the norm.According to Dr Nikhil Chaudhary, an evolutionary anthropologist at Cambridge University, these practices, Known as all oparenting, could lead to less anxiety for children and parents.Dr Annie Swanepoel, a child psychiatrist, believes that there are ways to incorporate them into western life. In Germany, one scheme has paired an old people's home with a nursery. The residents help to look after the children, an arrangement akin to alloparenting. Another measure could be encouraging friendships between children indifferent school years to miror the unsupervised mixed-age playgroups in hunter-gatherer communities.In a paper published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, researchers said that the western nuclear family was a recent invention which family broke with evolutionary history. This abrupt shift to an "intensive mothering narrative", which suggests that mothers should manage childcare alone, was likely to have been harmful. "Such narratives can lead to maternal exhaustion and have dangerous consequences, "they wrote.By contrast, in hunter-gatherer societies adults other than the parents can provide almost half of a child's care. One previous study looked at the Efe people of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It found that infants had an average of 14 alloparents a day by the time they were 18 weeks old and were passed between caregivers eight times an hour.Chaudhary said that parents now had less childcare support from family and social networks than during most of humans'evolutionary history,but introducing additional caregivers could reduce stress and maternal depression,which could have a“knock-on"benefit to a child's wellbeing.An infant bom to a hunter-gatherer society could have more than ten caregivers-this contrasts starkly to nursery settings in the UK where regulations call for a ratio of one carer to four children aged two to three.While hunter-gatherer children leamt from observation and imitation in mixed-age playgroups,researchers said that western"instructive teaching",where pupils are asked to sit still,may contribute to conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Chaudhary said that Britain should explore the possibility that older siblings helping their parents“might also enhance their own social development”26.According to the first two paragraph,alloparenting refers to the practice of[A]sharing child care among community members[B]assigning babies to specific adult caregivers[C]teaching parenting details to older children[D]carrying infants around by their parent27.The scheme in Germany is mentioned to illustrate[A]an attempt to facilitate intergenerational communication[B]an approach to integrating alloparenting into western culture[C]the conventional parenting style in western culture[D]the differences between western African ways ofliving28.According to Paragraph 4,the"intensive mothering narrative"_[A]alleviate parenting pressure[B]considerate family relationships[C]results in the child-centered family[D]departs from the course of evolution29.According to paragraph 6,what can we lean about nursery in the UK?[A]They tend to fall short of official requirements.[B]They have difficulty finding enough caregivers.[C]They ought to improve their carer-to-child ratio.[D]They should try to prevent parental depression.30.Which of the following would be the best title?[A]Instructive teaching:a dilemma for anxious parents[B]For a happier family,learn from the hunter-gatherers[C]Mix-aged playgroup,a better choice for lonely children[D]Tracing the history of parenting:from Africa to EuropeText 3Rutkowski is a Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes.He has made illustrations for games such as Sony's Horizon Forbidden West,Ubisoft's Anno,Dungeons&Dragons,and Magic:The Gathering.And he's become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation.His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion,which was launched late last month.The tool,along with other popular image-generation AI models,allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts.For example,type in"Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon GregRutkowski,"and the system will produce something that looks not a milion miles away from works in Rutkowski's style.But these open-source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet,often without permission and proper attribution to artists.As a result,they are raising tricky questions about ethics and copyright.And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.According to the website Lexica,which tracks over 10 million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion,Rutkowski's name has been used as a prompt around 93,000 times.Some of the world's most famous artists,such as Michelangelo,Pablo Picasso,and Leonardo da Vinci,brought up around 2,000 prompts each or less.Rutkowski's name also features as a prompt thousands of times in the Discord of another text-to-image generator,Midjourney.Rutkowski was initially surprised but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences.Then he tried searching for his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published.The online search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn't his.“It's been just a month.What about in a year?I probably won't be able to find my work out there because[the internet]will be flooded with AI art,"Rutkowski says."That's concerning."“There is a coalition growing within artist industries to figure out how to tackle or mitigate this,"says Ortiz.The group is in its early days of mobilization,which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation.One suggestion is that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain,and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists,Ortiz says.31.What can be leamed about Rutkowski from the first two paragraphs?[A]He is enthusiastic about AI generation painting.[B]He is popular with the users of an Al art generator.[C]He attracts admiration from other illustrators.[D]He specializes in classical painting digitalization.32.The problem with open-source AI art generators is that they[A]lack flexibility in responding to prompts[B]produce artworks in unpredictable styles[C]make unauthorized use of online images[D]collect user information without consent33.After searching online,Rutkowski found[A]a unique way to reach audiences[B]a new method to identify Al images[C]AI-generated work bearing his name[D]heated disputes regarding his copyright34.According to Ortiz,AI companies are advised to[A]campaign for new policies or regulations[B]offer their services to public institutions[C]strengthen their relationships with AI users[D]adopt a different strategy for Al model training35.What is the text mainly about?[A]Artists'responses to Al art generation.[B]AI's expanded role in artistic creation.[C]Privacy issues in the application of Al.[D]Opposing views on AI development.Text 4The miracle of the Chesapeake Bay lies not in its depths,but in the complexity of its natural construction,the interaction of fresh and saline water and the mix of land and water.The shallows provide homes for hundreds of species while storing floodwaters,filtering pollutants from water,and protecting nearby communities from potentially destructive storm surges.All this was put at great risk late last month,when the US Supreme Court issued a ruling in an Idaho case that provides the EPA far less authority to regulate wetlands and waterways.Specifically,a 5-4 majority decided that wetlands protected by the EPA under it Clean Water Act authority must have a“continuous surface connection”to bodies of water.This narrowing of the regulatory scope was a victory for builders,mining operators and other commercial interests often at odds with environmental rules.And it carries"significant repercussions for water quality and flood control throughout the US,"as Justice Brett Kavanaugh observed.In Maryland,the good news is that there are many state laws in place that provide wetlands protections.But that's a very shortsighted view,particularly when it comes to the Chesapeake Bay.The reality is that water and the pollutants that so often come with it,don't respect state boundaries.The Chesapeake draws from a 64000-square-mile watershed that extends to Virginia,Pennsylvania,New York,West Virginia,the District of Columbia and Delaware.Will thosejurisdictions extend the same protections now denied under Sackett V.EPA?Perhaps some,but all?That seems unlikely.It is too easy,and misleading,to see such court rulings as merely standing up for the rights of land owners when the consequences can be so dire for their neighbors.And it's reminder that they EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake Bay program has long been crucial as the means to transcend the influence of deep-pocketed special interests in neighboring states.Pennsylvania farmers,to use one telling example,aren't thinking about next year's blue crab harvest in Maryland when they decide whether to spread animal waste on their fields,yet the runoff into nearby creeks can have enormous impacts downstream.And so we would also call on state lawmakers from Richmond to Albany to consider reviewing their own wetlands protections and see for themselves the enormous stakes involved.We can't offer them a trip to the Chesapeake Bay model.It's been gone since the 1980s but perhaps a visit to Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge in Dorchester County where American bald eagles fly over tidal marshes so shallow you could not paddle a boat across them but teaming with aquatic life.It's worth the scenic drive.36.The Chesapeake Bay is described in Paragraph 1 as[A]a value natural environment[B]a controversial conservation area[C]a place with commercial potential[D]a headache for nearby communities37.The U.S.Supreme Court's ruling in the Idaho case[A]reinforces water pollution control[B]weakens the EPA's regulatory power[C]will end conflicts among local residents[D]may face opposition from mining operators38.How does the author feel about the future of the Chesapeake Bay?[A]Worried.[B]Puzzled.[C]Relieved[D]Encouraged.39.What can be inferred about the EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake BayProgram?[A]It has restored the balance among neighboring jurisdictions.[B]It has triggered a radical reform in commercial fisheries.[C]It has set a fine example of respecting state authorities.[D]It has ensured the coordination of protection efforts.40.The author holds that the state lawmakers should[A]be cautious about the influence of landowners[B]attach due importance to wetlands protections[C]recognize the need to expand wildlife refugesPart BDirections:Read the following comments on a report about American museums returning artifacts to their countries of origin and a list of statements summarizing the comments.Choose the best statement from the list A-G for each numbered name(41—45).There are two extra choices which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)(41)HannabSimply,there are people in Nigeria who cannot travel to the Smithsonian Institution to see that part of their history and culture represented by the Benin Bronzes.These should be available to them as part of their cultural heritage and history and as a source of national pride.There is no good reason that these artifacts should be beyond the ordinary reach of the educational objectives or inspiration of the generations to which they were left.They serve no purpose in a museum in the United States or elsewhere except as curious objects.They cannot be compared to works of art produced for sale which can be passed from hand to hand and place to place by purchase.(42)BuckWe know very exact reproductions of artwork can be and are regularly produced.Perhaps museums and governments might explore some role for the use of nearly exact reproductions as a means of resolving issues relating to returning works of art and antiquities.The context of any exhibit is more important to me than whether the object being displayed is 2,000 years old or 2 months old.In many cases the experts have a hard time agreeing on what is the real object and what is a forgery.Again,the story an exhibit is trying to tell is what matters.The monetary value of the objects on display is a distant second place in importance.(43)SaraWhen visiting the Baltimore Museum of Art,I came across a magnificentlSth-century Chinese sculpture.It inspired me to learm more about the culture that it represented.Artifacts in museums have the power to inspire,and perhaps spark that need to learn and understand the nature of their creators.Having said that,I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museums should,in fact,be sanctioned as having been obtained on loan,legally purchased,or obtained by treaty.Stealing artifacts from other peoples'cultures is obscene;it robs not only the physical objects,but the dignity and spirit of their creators.(44)VictorAncient art that is displaced in foreign countries should be returned.…(缺失)(45)JuliaTo those of you in the comments section,by all means,who are having strong feeling about artifacts being removed from cities in the US and Britain,I would ask you to consider…(缺失)[A]It is clear that countries of origin have never been compensated for stolen artifacts.[B]It is a flawed line of reasoning to argue against returning artifacts to their countries of origin.[C]Museum visitor can still learn as much from artifacts copies after the originals are returmed.[D]Reproductions,even if perfectly made,cannot take the place of the authentic objects.[E]The real value of artifacts can only be recognized in their countries of origin rather than anywhere else[F]Ways to get artifacts from other countries must be decent and lawful.[G]Concern over security is no excuse for refusing to return artifacts to their countries of origin. 参考答案：41.E 42.C 43.F 44.G 45.BPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)“Elephants never forget”—or so they say—and that piece of folklore seems to have some foundation.The African savanna elephant also known as the African bush elephant,is distributed across 37 African countries.(46)They sometimes travel more than sixty miles to find food or water,anc are very good at working out where other elephants are—even when they are out of ing tracking devices,researchers have shown that they have"remarkable spatial acuity",when finding their way to waterholes,they headed off in exactly the right direction,on one occasion from a distance of roughly thirty miles.What is more,they almost always seem to choose the nearest water hole.(47)The researchers are convinced that the elephants always know precisely where they are in relation to all the resources they need,and can therefore take shortcuts,as well as following familiar routes.Although the cues used by African elephants for long-distance navigation are not yet understood,smell may well play a part.Elephants are very choosy eaters,but until recently litle was known about how they selected their food.(48)One possibility was that they merely used their eyes and tried out the plants they found,but that would probably result in a lot of wasted time and energy,not least because their eyesight is actually not very good.(49)The volatile chemicals produced by plants can be carried a long way,and they are very characteristic:Each plant or tree has its own particular odor signature.What is more,they can be detected even when they are not actually visible.New research suggests that smell is a crucial factor in guiding elephants—and probably other herbivores—to the best food resources.The researchers first established what kinds of plant the elephants preferred either to eat or avoid when foraging freely.They then set up a“food station”experiment,in which they gave elephants a series of choices based only on smell.(50)The experiment showed that elephants may well use smell to identify patches of trees that are good to eat,and secondly to assess the quality ofthe trees within each patch.Free-ranging elephants presumably also use this information to locate their preferred food.参考译文：(46)它们有时跋涉六十多英里寻找食物或水，并且非常善于寻找其他大象的位置——即使它们不在视线范围内。
英语考研学科试题及答案
英语考研学科试题及答案Part I: Vocabulary and Grammar (20 points)Question 1: Choose the word that best completes the sentence.The new policy has been implemented with the aim of reducing air pollution and improving the _______ of life for the residents.A) QualityB) QuantityC) EqualityD) DiversityAnswer: A) QualityQuestion 2: Fill in the blank with the correct form of theverb in parentheses.Despite the heavy rain, the marathon runners continued to run, completely _______ the weather conditions.A) IgnoringB) IgnoredC) To ignoreD) Being ignoredAnswer: A) IgnoringPart II: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Passage 1:In recent years, the rise of digital technology has transformed the way we communicate and access information. The article discusses the impact of digitalization on education and the workplace.Question 1: What is the main topic of the passage?A) The history of digital technologyB) The impact of digitalization on societyC) The benefits of digital communicationD) The future of education in a digital ageAnswer: B) The impact of digitalization on societyQuestion 2: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a benefit of digital technology in education?A) Increased accessibility to learning materialsB) Enhanced student-teacher interactionC) Reduced costs for educational resourcesD) Decreased reliance on physical textbooksAnswer: D) Decreased reliance on physical textbooksPart III: Cloze Test (20 points)Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the correct option from the choices given.In the modern world, the role of technology is _______. It has become an integral part of our daily lives, from the way we communicate to the way we work. The advancements in technology have brought about significant changes in various sectors, including healthcare, education, and business.A) InevitableB) UnprecedentedC) InsignificantD) ObsoleteAnswer: B) UnprecedentedPart IV: Translation (20 points)Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese.1. The rapid development of the internet has made it possible for people to access information from anywhere in the world.2. Environmental protection has become a global concern, and it is the responsibility of every individual to contribute to a sustainable future.Answer:1. 互联网的快速发展使人们能够从世界任何地方获取信息。
“考研”英语怎么说
“考研”英语怎么说"考研"英语怎么说考研，是指参加研究生考试的意思。
这是一项非常重要的考试，对于有意愿继续深造的学生来说，考研是进入研究生阶段的必经之路。
然而，在国际化的趋势下，很多人也开始关注如何用英语表达"考研"这个概念。
下面我们将介绍一些常用的英语表达方式。
通过简单的翻译，我们可以用“Postgraduate Entrance Examination”或者“Graduate School Entrance Examination”来表达“考研”。
这些翻译都是非常直接的表达方式，可以准确地传达出“考研”的含义。
但是，我们也可以使用一些更加口语化、地道的表达方式来描述“考研”的意思。
首先，我们可以使用“take the postgraduate entrance examination”这个表达方式。
这是一个更加口语化的表达，也是非常常用的。
例如，我们可以说，“I am going to take the postgraduate entrance examination this year.” 这样就表达了“我今年要考研”的意思。
另外，我们还可以使用“apply for graduate school”这个表达方式。
这是一个非常常见的表达方式，也是非常地道的。
对于那些打算申请研究生阶段的学生来说，这是一个非常合适的表达方式。
例如，我们可以说，“I am going to apply for graduate school next semester.” 这样就表达了“我下个学期要考研”的意思。
除了以上的表达方式，我们还可以使用“pursue a higher degree”或者“pursue postgraduate studies”。
这些表达方式强调了考研背后的目标，即追求更高的学位和深造的机会。
例如，“After working for several years, I decided to pursue a higher degree.” 这样就表达了“工作几年后，我决定考研”的意思。
考研英语怎么说
考研英语怎么说导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《考研英语怎么说》的内容，具体内容：你知道考研的英语怎么说吗?下面一起来看看吧。
考研的英文释义：take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate school...你知道考研的英语怎么说吗?下面一起来看看吧。
考研的英文释义：take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools考研的英语例句：此外,考研所带来的潜在经济负担也是学生们不得不考虑的一个因素。
The potential financial burden represented by the examination is another factor students have to consider.同时指出考研对后期临床实习教学造成的巨大冲击;The writers summarized that it was good to support students in th eir pursuit of postgraduate studies.大学生考研与高校图书馆的考研信息服务Post-graduate rush and the relevant information service provided by academic libraries此外，考研所带来的潜在经济负担也是学生们不得不考虑的一个因素。
The potential financial burden represented by the examination is another factor students have to consider.新建本科院校学生考研的现状和策略研究On StudentsTaking Entrance Examination for Graduate Studies in Newly- established Colleges老师们常说，考研是目前国内最难的考试。
考研英语科目试题及答案
考研英语科目试题及答案一、阅读理解1. 阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
In recent years, the concept of a "work-life balance" has gained significant attention in the workplace. The idea is that employees should have a balance between their work and personal life, which can lead to increased productivity and overall happiness.问题：根据短文，"work-life balance" 指的是什么？答案： "work-life balance"指的是员工应该在工作和个人生活之间保持平衡。
2. 阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
The impact of technology on education cannot be underestimated. With the advent of the internet and digital devices, learning has become more accessible and interactive.问题：根据短文，技术对教育的影响是什么？答案：技术使教育变得更加可接近和互动。
二、完形填空3. 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
In a world where technology is advancing at an unprecedented rate, it is more important than ever to stay informed. The internet has become a _______ source of information.A. reliableB. primaryC. secondaryD. tertiary答案： B4. 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
英语考研推荐复习资料
英语考研推荐复习资料考研英语复习资料推荐考研英语是许多考生的难点，选择合适的复习资料至关重要。
以下是一些备受推崇的考研英语复习资料，帮助考生高效备考。
1. 考研英语词汇书词汇是英语学习的基础。
《考研英语词汇词根+联想记忆法》是一本非常受欢迎的词汇书，它通过词根和联想记忆法帮助考生记忆单词，提高词汇量。
2. 历年真题历年真题是考研英语复习的重要资料。
《考研英语历年真题解析》收录了历年的真题及详细解析，帮助考生了解考试趋势，掌握解题技巧。
3. 阅读理解专项训练阅读理解是考研英语的重头戏。
《考研英语阅读理解高分技巧与专项训练》提供了大量的阅读材料和练习题，帮助考生提高阅读速度和理解能力。
4. 写作指导书籍写作是考研英语的另一个重要部分。
《考研英语写作高分指南》提供了写作技巧和模板，帮助考生在考试中写出高质量的作文。
5. 听力训练材料听力是考研英语的另一个难点。
《考研英语听力强化训练》提供了丰富的听力材料和练习题，帮助考生提高听力水平。
6. 模拟试题模拟试题可以帮助考生检验复习效果。
《考研英语模拟试题及解析》提供了多套模拟试题和详细解析，帮助考生查漏补缺。
7. 网络资源除了纸质资料，网络上也有很多优质的考研英语复习资源。
例如，新东方在线、沪江英语等网站提供了大量的考研英语学习资料和在线课程。
8. 考研英语APP随着科技的发展，考研英语APP也成为了考生复习的重要工具。
例如，扇贝单词、百词斩等APP提供了丰富的词汇学习和复习功能。
总之，考研英语复习需要综合运用多种资料和方法。
考生可以根据自己的实际情况，选择适合自己的复习资料，制定合理的复习计划，坚持不懈地学习，相信一定能够取得理想的成绩。
考研英语试题真题及答案
考研英语试题真题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 根据所给文章，选择最佳答案。
A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D【答案】C2. 根据文章内容，判断以下陈述的正确与否。
A. 陈述1：True/FalseB. 陈述2：True/FalseC. 陈述3：True/FalseD. 陈述4：True/False【答案】A. True B. False C. True D. False二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从所给的选项中选出最佳选项填入空白处。
[示例]In the first place, we should consider the ___ of the problem.A. scopeB. scaleC. aspectD. nature【答案】D三、翻译（共20分）将下列句子从英语翻译成中文。
1. The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives.2. It is essential to maintain a balance between work and leisure.【答案】1. 技术的快速发展给我们的日常生活带来了显著的变化。
2. 保持工作与休闲之间的平衡至关重要。
四、写作（共20分）根据所给题目，写一篇不少于200词的短文。
【题目】"The influence of social media on modern society."【范文】Social media has become an integral part of modern society, influencing various aspects of our lives. It has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and interact with each other. However, it also brings about certain challenges, such as privacy concerns and the spread of misinformation. It is crucial for individuals to use social media responsibly and critically assess the information they encounter.【答案】略（考生需根据题目要求自行撰写）注意：以上内容仅为示例，实际试题及答案应根据具体考试内容进行编写。
考研英语经典试题及答案
考研英语经典试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of environmental protection.B. The impact of technology on education.C. The role of government in economic development.D. The challenges of urbanization.答案：B2. According to the author, what is the best way to improve education quality?A. Investing more in technology.B. Reducing class sizes.C. Encouraging student participation.D. Increasing teacher training.答案：C3. What does the passage suggest about the future of work?A. It will be dominated by automation.B. It will require more creativity and innovation.C. It will be less dependent on physical labor.D. It will be more evenly distributed globally.答案：B4. What is the author's attitude towards the current state of education?A. Optimistic.B. Critical.C. Neutral.D. Indifferent.答案：B5. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. Technology is the key to improving education.B. Education systems need to adapt to changing times.C. The government should play a larger role in education.D. Urbanization is the main challenge facing society.答案：B二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）[文章略]6. The word "innovative" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to:A. Traditional.B. Conservative.C. Creative.D. Imitative.答案：C7. The author suggests that the current education system is:A. Effective.B. Inadequate.C. Perfect.D. Unpredictable.答案：B8. The phrase "to break the mold" in the second paragraph implies:A. To start a new trend.B. To conform to expectations.C. To follow the rules.D. To maintain the status quo.答案：A9. The author believes that students should be:A. Passive.B. Active.C. Indifferent.D. Dependent.答案：B10. The main purpose of the passage is to:A. Criticize the current education system.B. Praise the innovative approaches in education.C. Discuss the challenges of modern education.D. Highlight the importance of creativity in education. 答案：D三、翻译（共30分，每题15分）11. 将下列句子翻译成英文：“随着科技的快速发展，我们的生活和工作方式正在经历着前所未有的变化。
考研英语分值表
考研英语分值表
考研英语一和英语二的分值分配略有不同，具体如下：
1. 考研英语一：
英语知识运用（完形填空）：共20小题，每小题分，共10分。
阅读理解：该部分由A、B、C三节组成，共30小题，每小题2分，共60分。
写作：该部分由A、B两节组成，共30分。
2. 考研英语二：
英语知识运用（完形填空）：共20小题，每小题分，共10分。
阅读理解：该部分由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
英译汉：共15分。
写作：共2小题，共25分。
A部分10分，B部分15分。
以上信息仅供参考，具体分值分配可能会根据年份和考试难度有所调整。
建议查看教育部门发布的官方文件或考试大纲以获取最新和最准确的信息。
考研常用英语翻译
考研常⽤英语翻译考研1.take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools2.entrance exams for graduate3.postgraduate entrance examination研究⽣⼊学考试4.postgraduate candidate test5.enrollment examination6.prepareing for the postgraduate examination7.Postgraduate Exam8.Postgraduate qualifying examination读研：do post - graduate work or do graduate study考研热the craze for graduate school例句:I was occupied with preparing for the postgraduate examinations.（我⼀门⼼思准备考研。
）教育类词汇⽂凭 diplomas and certificates考研热 the craze for graduate school study应试教育 the examination-oriented education义务教育 compulsory education复合型⼈才 interdisciplinary talents⽂化底蕴 the rich cultural deposits⼤学⽣创业 the university students’innovative undertakings扩招 expand enrollment被授予学位 be granted a an official certificate from⾼分低能 good scores but low qualities⽚⾯追求升学率 place undue emphasis on the proportion of students entering schools of a higher level 退学 drop out of the school形成淘汰制度 frame an elimination system教书育⼈ impart knowledge and educate people因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude德才兼备 possess political integrity and professional ability品学兼优 be a students of fine qualities and fine scholar提⾼学⽣⾝⼼素质 improve the health and psychological quality适应社会的改变 adjust to the social changes quickly满⾜社会的急需 meet the urgent need of the society保护知识产权 protect the intellectual property才疏学浅 be wanting in ability and shallow in knowledge努⼒获得精神⽂明 make efforts to seek cultural and ideological progress减轻负担 reduce the heavy burdens更加有意义和丰富的⽣活 a more vigorous, colorful and dynamic博导 Ph.D. supervisor; doctoral advisor博⼠⽣ Ph.D candidate掺⽔⽂凭 diploma obtained by using unfair or unlawful means成⼈中等职业技术教育 adult secondary vocational and technical education成⼈中等专科学校 secondary specialized (technical) school for adults成⼈⾼考 the national higher education exams for self-taught adults成⼈中等专科学校 secondary specialized /technical school for adults⼤学⽣创业 university students' innovative undertaking⼤专⽣ junior college student⼤专⽂凭 associate degree贷学⾦（助学贷款） student loan德才兼备 have both political integrity and ability; people who possess both political integrityand professional ability第⼆学位 second Bachelor's degree点名册 roll book电⼤ college courses broadcast on television电⼦词典 electronic dictionary定向招⽣ enroll students who are pre-assigned to specific posts or areas定向⽣ targeted-area student⾼材⽣ top student公务员 civil servant归国留学⽣ returned students函授⼤学 correspondence university计划内招⽣planned enrollment教⼯teachers and staff交流学者exchange scholar教书育⼈impart knowledge and educate people教务处 dean's office教学法pedagogy; teaching method教研室teaching and research division教育部社政司Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education 教育乱收费unauthorized collection of fees by educational institutions教育质量quality of education借读⽣transient student机读形式machine-readable form进修班class for further studies军训military training(intended for high school annd college students）考研take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools考研热the craze for graduate school课件（教师多媒体教学演⽰⽚）courseware课间操exercise between classes客座教授guest professor⽼三届 junior and senior high school graduates of 1966~1968; school leavers of 1966~1968⽼年学校 school for the aged两院院⼠ academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering 留学咨询 consulting on the study abroad录取通知书 letter of admission / acceptance letter论⽂答辩 (thesis) oral defense录取分数线 entry score模拟测试 mock test; simulated exam评职 professional evaluation普通⾼等教育 regular higher education普通⾼校 regular institutions of higher learning强化班 intensive training class⼈才市场 the personnel market三好学⽣merit student; three good student(good in study, attitude and health)世界⼤学⽣运动会(⼤运会）Universiade; college students' athletics meet双向选择two-way selection (referring to employer and employee choosing each other in a job market) 双学位double degree;two Bachelor's degrees思想道德教育ideological and moral education特困 exceptional poverty; special difficulty同等学⼒ have the same educational level (as the regular graduate or student of certainacademic qualification)⽂科 liberal arts现代远程教育modern distance education/ learning校园数字化campus digitalization校园歌曲campus song校园⽂化campus culture校训school motto新新⼈类New Human Being；X Generation性教育sex education巡回报告touring report学分 credit; academic credit学分制academic credit system学科带头⼈pace-setter in scientific research; academic leader学历教育education with record of formal schooling学前教育preschool education学⽣处students' affairs division学⽣减负alleviate the burden on students学时credit hours学术报告academic report学术讲座academic forum学位制academic degree system学年academic year学⽣处students' affairs office义务教育compulsory education因材施教teach students according totheir aptitude应届毕业⽣this year's graduates在职博⼠⽣on-job doctorate在职研究⽣ on-job postgraduates招⽣就业指导办公室enrolment and vocation guidance office招⽣办公室admissions office职业⾼中（职⾼） vocational high school职业教育和继续教育vocational education and continuing education中专⽣secondary specialized or technical school student助学⾏动 activity to assist the impoverished students专升本upgrade from junior college student to university student; students with the diploma of junior college try to obtain the undergraduate diplomat through self-taught study⾃费留学go to study abroad at one's own expense⾃费研究⽣self-supporting graduate student⾃学考试 self-study examination⾃学考试教材self-taught examination textbooks综合素质comprehensive quality。
考研英语单词
analyze -分析(v.)benefit -益处(n.)、受益于(v.) concept -概念(n.)demonstrate -示范、证明(v.) enhance -增强(v.)factor -因素(n.)generate -产生、发生(v.) hypothesis -假设(n.)interpret -解释、理解(v.)justify -证明...是正当的(v.) knowledge -知识(n.)literature -文学、文献(n.) methodology -方法论(n.)notion -概念、观念(n.)objective -目标(n.)、客观的(adj.) phenomenon -现象(n.) quantitative -数量的(adj.) research -研究(n./v.) significance -重要性(n.)theory -理论(n.)undergo -经历、经受(v.)validate -证实、使生效(v.) acknowledge -承认、感谢(v.) boundary -边界、范围(n.) circumstance -环境、情况(n.) discriminate -歧视、区别对待(v.) eliminate -消除、排除(v.) fundamental -基础的、基本的(adj.) hypothesis -假设(n.)illustrate -举例说明、图解(v.) justify -证明...是正当的(v.) literature -文学、文献(n.) mechanism -机制、方式(n.)norm -规范、准则(n.)objective -客观的(adj.)、目标(n.) phenomenon -现象(n.) qualitative -质量的、定性的(adj.) rational -合理的、理性的(adj.) significant -重要的、显著的(adj.) thesis -论点、论文(n.) undertake -承担、担任(v.)validity -有效性、正确性(n.) acknowledge -承认、感谢(v.)bias -偏见、偏向(n.)cite -引用、举例(v.)correlation -相关、相互关系(n.) empirical -经验主义的、实证的(adj.) generalize -概括、推广(v.) objective -客观的、目标(adj.) theoretical -理论的、假设的(adj.)。
考研英语试题及答案
考研英语试题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (30 points)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A) At the bookstore.B) At the library.C) At the post office.D) At the bank.Woman: I need to return these books and pick up the ones I reserved last week.Question: Where is the woman most likely to be?2. A) He missed his flight.B) He lost his luggage.C) He is taking a train.D) He is at the airport.Man: I'm afraid I won't be able to make it to the meeting on time because my luggage seems to be missing.Question: What can we infer about the man?...8. A) She is a teacher.B) She is a student.C) She is a doctor.D) She is a nurse.Woman: I'm going to be late for my lecture today.Question: What is the woman's occupation?Long Conversation 1Questions 9 to 11 are based on the following conversation.Man: Good morning, Dr. Smith. I'm here for my appointment.Woman: Good morning, Mr. Johnson. How can I help you today?...11. A) He has a headache.B) He has a cold.C) He has a toothache.D) He has a fever.Question: What is the most likely reason for Mr. Johnson's visit?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage. After the passage, you will hear several questions. Before you hear the questions, you will be given some time to read each question and the four possible answers. After you hear the questions, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to each question.12. A) The importance of sleep.B) The effects of sleep deprivation.C) The benefits of daytime naps.D) The relationship between sleep and mood.Passage: Sleep is crucial for our well-being, and lack of it can have a profound impact on our cognitive functions. Studies have shown that sleep deprivation can lead to a decline in memory and decision-making abilities.Question: What is the main topic of the passage?...Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a recording of a lecture. After listening to the lecture, you will hear some questions. Before you hear the questions, you will be givensome time to read each question and the four possible answers. After you hear the questions, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answerto each question.22. A) It helps to improve concentration.B) It can reduce stress levels.C) It is essential for physical health.D) It can enhance creativity.Lecture: Regular physical exercise has been linked to a wide range of benefits, including the reduction of stress and anxiety. It also plays a vital role in maintaining a healthy body weight and improving overall health.Question: According to the lecture, what is one benefit of regular exercise?...Part II Reading Comprehension (60 points)Section ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions that follow each text by choosing the best answer from the four options (A, B, C, and D). After reading the texts, you will find questions 46 to 65 based on the texts or the general ideas of the texts.Text 1In recent years, the use of social media has grown exponentially, transforming the way people communicate and interact with each other. Social media platforms have become a primary source of news and information for many, and they have also provided a space for individuals to express their opinions and engage in discussions on various topics.46. A) People are becoming increasingly reliant on social media for news.B) Social media has become a platform for expressing personal opinions.C) The number of social media users is on the rise.D) Social media is changing the nature of interpersonal communication.Question: What is the main idea of the text?...Text 4The concept of artificial intelligence (AI) has been a topic of interest for many years, with numerous scientists and researchers working to develop intelligent machines. AI has the potential to revolutionize various industries, from healthcare to transportation, by automating complex tasks and making processes more efficient.65. A) AI is expected to bring about significant changes inmany sectors.B。
考研英语202 2英语一
考研英语202 2英语一
考研英语202和考研英语一并不是同一种考试。
考研英语一即原研究生入学统考“英语”，所有学术型硕士研究生（十三大门类，110个一级学科）和部分专业型硕士（法律硕士、临床医学硕士、口腔医学硕士、建筑学硕士、护理硕士、汉语国际教育硕士、公共卫生硕士等）必考英语一。
而考研英语202是中山大学硕士研究生入学考试的自主命题的英语科目，
与考研英语一和考研英语二不同，考研英语202的试卷中只有翻译题和作
文题与研究生英语考试不同，其它题型都与考研英语一的题型基本一致。
综上，两者在考试内容和形式上都有较大的差异。
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2. 现代英语中的缩略词及缩约词多用于非正式文体，其相应的非缩略或非缩约形式则常出现在正式文体中。很多考生都忽略了这一区别，以下非正式用语栏中的表达都是从考生大作文中选出的，可修改为右栏正式用语中的表达。
缩略词 正式用语 缩约词 正式用语
ad advertisement shouldn’t should not
其次，从句子结构上看，在口语交际中，人们往往无暇注意句子结构的匀称，因此口语体的句子结构往往松散，省略句和缩略形式;而在写文章时，人们有充足的时间对句子结构进行仔细斟酌，因此语言更为严谨。
再次，从语法上看，在口语交际中通常使用从句或并列句较多，而书面语体较常用短语状语，如介词短语、分词短语、独立主格结构等。
Formal: He spent more time playing computer games than I.
2. 在表达“让步”概念时，很多考生选择使用的but, anyway, all the same, though, although等为非正式文体常用词语表达。正式文体则常使用yet, however, nevertheless, in spite of (despite)， notwithstanding等词语，
3. 在构成“方式状语”时，很多考生偏爱使用副词，而这正是非正式文体常用的表达方式，正式文体则常用介词和与该副词同根的词构成的介词短语：
Informal: It's very important to…
Formal: It is of great importance to…
两种文体在语言特征上的主要差异首先表现在用词上，体现在以下几个方面：
1. 正式文体常使用正式用语，非正式文体则常使用非正式用语，这两类不同的用语是在长期的使用过程中被约定俗成地固定下来的。比如以下非正式用语一栏中的词汇在考生大作文中普遍存在，可修改为右栏正式用语中的表达：
非正式用语 正式用语
We should investigate the root cause of the problem.
We should look into the root cause of the problem.
Investigate源于拉丁语，属正式文体用语，而look into是古英语词汇成分，属非正
首先，从用词角度来看，很多考生或不写称呼直入正题，或以“Dear Guys”这样过于口语化的称号开头。在正文中，很多考生使用了gonna(口语用词)、kick the bucket(指死亡，俚语)等。另外，还有很多考生使用了缩略词，如dorm(dormitory)，flu(influenza)、ad(advertisement)及“填补词语”(mouth-filling phrases)，如well，I think，I mean，shall I say，you see，you know等。
Informal: Since computers had proliferated, many people become addicted to the Internet.
Formal: Computers having proliferated, many people become addicted to the Internet.
小作文的体裁为信函，属于应用文写作。根据考试大纲的要求，考生所写篇章在语域方面必须恰当贴切。对目标读者完全会产生预期的效果，也即指要根据不同的交际对象，采用合适的话语方式，即正式、一般、非正式的话语等。 英文书信大致可分为事务书信(Business Letters)和个人书信(Personal Letters)两种。前者的写作对象为公司或机构，语体比较正规(formal);后者的对象则为个人，表达较为随便(Personal)。
crime offense
people individuals
cut down reduce
serious severe/grave
harm damage(or destroy/undermine/jeopardise)
job position
具体而言，源于法语、拉丁语、希腊语的词语多用于正式文体;源于古英语的词语则多用于非正式文体。试比较：
一、语域的定义
所谓“语域”(register)是指具有某种具体用途的语言变体，根据交际方式的不同可以分为口语体和书面语体，而根据交际场合及双方关系等因素又可分为正式文体和非正式文体。考生应根据题目的不同要求选择语域。具体而言，对于考研英语写作中的小作文，如果写作对象是私人朋友，要用非正式的语域;如果写作对象是公司或机构，则应该用正式的语域。对于考研英语写作中的大作文，则必须是纯学术性的、正式的文体风格。因此，我们应该根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语域。
两种文体在语言特征上的第二类主要差异体现在语法上，具体包括以下几个方面：
1. 在构成比较句型时，很多考生选择使用了人称代词的宾格形式，其实使用人称代词的主格形式要显得更正式些。
Informal: He spent more time playing computer games than me.
写作是考研英语的压轴大戏，能否写好最后的这两篇作文对考生来说至关重要。为了提高写作水平，很多考生花大量时间背范文，背模版，背各种高分句型，但最后仍未能取得理想的成绩，原因何在?考研辅导张老师担任了两年的考研作文评卷老师，他发现很多考生丢分不是因为结构混乱或层次不清楚，而是丢在语域不恰当上，令人感到惋惜。其实，如果考生在备考时稍微留意一下考研作文的评分标准，就会发现无论是大作文还是小作文，都明确提到要求语域恰当贴切。然而，很多考生对这一要求不够重视，或者是不太明白这一要求的具体含义，为此，考研名师结合往年考研英语试题中写作部分的大作文和小作文，为大家分析一下如何在具体的英语作文写作过程中体现出恰当的语域。
Informal: We are college students. We should call on people to use fewer plastic bags.
Formal: Being college students, we should encourage people around us to use fewer plastic bags.
3. 很多考生使用了很多短语动词，而这正是非正式文体的一大特征，正式文体则常用与之同义的单个动词。试比较：
Informl: People can't put up with the alienation brought by the Internet.
Formal: Individuals cannot tolerate the alienation brought by the Internet.
phone telephone won’t will not
TV television there’s there is
e.g. for example don’t do not
paper newspaper I’ve I have
PC personal computer they’re they are
其次，从句子结构上看，很多考生写出的句子结构过于松散，存在大量的省略句和缩略形式，试比较：
Informal: There are so many plastic bags. They are a threat to humanity.
Formal: These plastic bags pose a threat to humanity.
4. 在表达“原因”、“后果”等概念时，很多考生由于水平所限，总是使用非正式文体常用的so, because或其他形式的表示原因的从句，正式文体则常用 on account of, accordingly, thus, hence, consequently, owing to (the fact that…)等词或词组，且比较经常地运用分词短语、独立主格结构等。
Informal: He tried to overcome his addiction to the Internet, but he failed.
Formal: He endeavoured to overcome his addiction to the Internet; however, it turned out to be a failure.
三、正式文体与非正式文体的区别
批改学生的作文时，教师都有一种感觉：学生的作文大多用词简单、结构松散，从语体角度分析，正式程度都较低，呈口语化的倾向。去年大作文题目为图画作文，图画是一张蜘蛛网上有很多人上网。图画中的中文提示词为：互联网的“远与近”，题目给出的要求是考生简要描述图画，阐明其含义，并发表评论。很多考生在写作时都忽略了大作文对正式文体的要求。正式文体与非正式文体的区别表现在用词、语法上。为了更好地说明这两种文体在语言特征上的区别，张老师特意选择了考生大作文中普遍存在的非正式用语，并给出相应的正式用语进行比较。
一般来说，考生存在的问题不是语体过于书面化，而是太过口语化。试以前年的考研英语小作文为例。该题要求考生就颁布禁塑令后依然存在的白色污染问题给编辑写一封信，简要发表自己的意见并就如何解决这一问题给出两三条建议。从文体上判断，写作对象既然为编辑，显然应为书面体。然而很多考生却根本不注意口语体与书面体之间的明显差异。
Informal: In this day and age, many people can make use of the Internet via computers or mobile phones.
Formal: In this day and age, many individuals can utilise the Internet via computers or mobile phones.