产品策略及品牌管理英文

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4C营销理论——中英文单词

4C营销理论——中英文单词

4C营销理论(The Marketing Theory of 4Cs)4R营销理论(The Marketing Theory of 4Rs)4P营销理论(The Marketing Theory of 4Ps)感性营销(Sensibility Marketing)利基营销(Niche Marketing)交叉营销(Cross Marketing)知识营销(Information Marketing)文化营销(Cultural Marketing)服务营销(Services Marketing)体验营销(Experience Marketing)定制营销(Customization Marketing)色彩营销(Color Marketing)绿色营销(Green Marketing)关系营销(Relationship Marketing)合作营销(The Co Marketing Solution)伙伴营销(Partnership Marketing)一对一营销(One-to-One Marketing)差异化营销(Difference Marketing)大市场营销(Big Marketing)个性化营销(Personalization Marketing)堡垒式营销(Focalization Marketing)数据库营销(Data base Marketing)服务分销策略(Services Distribution Strategy)服务促销策略(Services Sales Promotion Strategy)整合营销传播(Integrated Marketing Communications, IMC)水坝式经营(Dam Operation)战略营销联盟(Strategic Marketing Union)网络数据库营销(Internet Data base Marketing)“整时营销”与“晚盈利”(Profit by Timing Marketing and Lag Profit Marketing) 管理篇目标管理(Management by Objectives, MBO)标杆瞄准(Benchmarking)开明管理(Open Management)宽容管理(Allowance Management)危机管理(Crisis Management)标杆管理(Benchmarking Management)人格管理(Character Management)品牌管理(Brand Management)变革管理(Change Management)沟通管理(Communication Management)走动管理(Management by Walking Around,MBWA)价值管理(Value Management)钩稽管理(Innovation and Practice Management)能本管理(Capacity Core Management)绩效管理(Managing For Performance)赋权管理(Delegation Management)灵捷管理(Celerity Management)物流管理(Logistics Management/Physical Distribution ) (Physical Distribution为传统意义上的物流)知识管理(Knowledge Management)时间管理(Time-Management)互动管理(Interactive Management)T型管理(T Management)预算管理(Budget Management)末日管理(End Management)柔性管理(Soft Management)例外管理(Exception Management)K型管理(K Management)EVA管理(Economic Value Added, EVA)5S管理法(5S :Seiri、Seiten、Seigo、Seiketsu、Shitsuke)零缺陷管理(Zero Defects)一分钟管理(One Minute Management)供应链管理(Supply Chain Management, SCM)客户关系管理(Customer Relationship Management,CRM)产品数据管理(Product Data Management, PDM)过程质量管理法(Process of Quality Management)管理驾驶舱(Cockpit of Management)OEC管理法(Over All Every Control and Clear)数字化管理(Digital Management)海豚式管理(Management as Porpoise)丰田式管理(Toyota- Management)跨文化管理(Span-Culture Management)蚂蚁式管理(Style of Ant Management)购销比价管理(Purchase by Grade Management)企业内容管理(Enterprise Content Management)企业健康管理(Health of Enterprise Management)薪酬外包管理(Salary Epibolic Management)戴明的质量管理(William Edwards Dem’s Quality Management)六西格玛管理法(Six Sigma)倒金字塔管理(Handstand Pyramidal Management)变形虫式管理(Amoeba Management)定律篇木桶定律(Cannikin Law)墨菲定律(Moffe's Law)羊群效应(Sheep-Flock Effect)帕金森定律(Parkinson's Law)华盛顿合作定律(Washington Company Law)手表定律(Watch Law)蘑菇定律(Mushroom Law)鲇鱼效应(Weever Effect)飞轮效应(Flywheel Effect)光环效应(Halo Effect)马太效应(Matthew Effect)蝴蝶效应(Butterfly Effect)多米诺效应(Domicile Effect)皮格马利翁效应(Pygmalion Effect)彼德原理(The Peter Principle)破窗理论(Break Pane Law)路径依赖(Path Dependence)奥卡姆剃刀(Occam's Razor)博弈论(Game Theory)定位法则(Orientation Law)80/20原理(80/20 Law)X理论-Y理论(Theory X- Theory Y)超Y理论(Exceed theory Y)综合篇7S模型(Principle of 7S)ABC分析法(ABC-Analysis)SWOT分析(SWOT Analysis)波士顿矩阵法(Boston Matrix Analysis)新7S原则(Principle of New 7S)PDCA循环(PDCA Cyc)平衡记分卡(Balanced Score Card)品管圈(Quality Control Circle,QCC)零库存(In-Time Inventory)顾客份额(Constituency Share)业务流程重组(Business Process Reengineer)动态薪酬(Dynamic Salary)管理审计(Managed Audit)管理层收购(Management Buy-out)逆向供应链(Reverse Supply Chain)宽带薪酬设计(Broad Band Salary Design)员工持股计划(Employee Stock Ownership Plan,ESOP)人力资源外包(Epiboly HR)360度绩效反馈(360-Degree Performance Feedback)人力资源价值链(Human Resource Value Chain)柯氏模式(Kirkpatrick Model)归因模型(Attribution Model)期望模型(Expectancy Model)五力模型(The Five-force Model)安东尼模型(Anthony Model)CS经营战略(Customer Satisfaction)532绩效考核模型(532 Performance Appraisal Model)101℃理论(101℃Theory)双因素激励理论(Dual Stimulant Theory)注意力经济(The Economy of Attention)灵捷竞争(Adroitly Compete)德尔菲法(Delphi Technique)执行力(Execution)领导力(Leadership)学习力(Learning Capacity)企业教练(Corporate Coach)首席知识官(Chief Knowledge Officer)第五级领导者(Fifth Rank Leader)智力资本(Intellect Capital)智能资本(Intellectual Capital)高情商团队(High EQ Team)学习型组织(Learning Organization)知识型企业(Knowledge Enterprise)高智商企业(Knowledge-Intensive Enterprise)灵捷组织(Adroitly Organization)虚拟企业(Virtual Enterprise,VE)4Cs营销理论(The Marketing Theory of 4Cs)随着市场竞争日趋激烈,媒介传播速度越来越快,4Ps理论越来越受到挑战。

广告公司职位头衔及专有名词中英文对照

广告公司职位头衔及专有名词中英文对照

广告公司职位头衔及专有名词中英文对照战略:研究research定位positioning品牌策略brand strategy产业透视industry insights竞争力计划competitive mapping营销战役campaign development文化:培训training识别设计identity design视觉系统设计visual system design讯息设计messaging品牌:命名naming品牌个性brand personality品牌特性brand attributes品牌工作室brand workshops销售战略selling strategies品牌标语taglines and slogans品牌规范和管理brand guidelines and management形象:摄影photo shoot画册brochures礼品welcome kits业主手册home owners manual展览设计trade show design店铺设计kiosks视频和DVD video and dvd音乐作曲music compositions互动品牌active branding用户界面user scenarios销售中心规划与设计sales centre planning and design网站建设website发布计划launch planning客户关系管理customer realtionship management广告行业可能是世界上最会发明头衔的行业了,许多新人,经常迷失在一大串缩写的头衔中.而在互动领域, 又出现了不少新的职称,而且不同的公司可能对同样职能的一个职位有着不同的叫法.AAD [Associated Art Director]–副美术指导AAD [Associated Account Director] –副客户总监AAE [Associate Account Executive]–助理客户执行ACD [Associated Creative Director] –副(助理)创意总监AD [Art Director]–美术指导(在创作部可以独挡一面执行美术指导工作的美术监督)与CW一起讨论并执行所负责品牌的创意构想及形成; 着重从画面方面的发想创意, 并负责或监督其具体执行;与CW一起共同确定创意的画面与文字的设计编排;负责执行并指导电视脚本、字幕、平面稿、色稿、摄影、插画、完稿、印刷之标色、印刷成品、制作物等其它美术元素之形成及其美术质量; 创意构思需与CW讨论后呈报CGH/CD讨论并形成共识;对设计人员及FA进行美术指导及品质控制;与CW一起共同承担对最终作品的责任, 签认所有交付完成的作品AD [Account Director] –客户服务总监、业务指导AE [Account Executive]–客户执行、客户服务、客户主任预算执行者, 负责广告代理商和广告主之间的一切有关业务,观念,预算,广告表现之联系.AM [Account Manager] –客户经理AP [Account Planner]–客户企划(分策略企划和业务企划两种)ASM [Area Sale Manager]–大区销售经理BD [Business Development]–业务拓展BD [Business Director]–业务总监BDE [Business Executive]–业务执行BDD [Business Development Director]–业务拓展总监、业务总监CD [Creative Director] –创意总监、创意指导(CD的前身,不是撰稿人(Copy Base)便是美术设计(Art Base),因为积累了丰富的经验, 并有优异的创作成绩而成为督导)保证并监督创意部的作品质量;带领并指导重要品牌的创意构思及执行;协助客户部及策划人员发展并完成策略;与公司管理层共同经营公司业务,冲击更高创意水准;负责对创意制作部成员的专业培训和指导; 协调创意制作部与其它部门之间的工作关系。

产品开发常用英语

产品开发常用英语

产品开发常用英语随着全球化的发展,越来越多的国内企业涉足国际市场,因此熟练掌握产品开发相关的英语至关重要。

本文将为您介绍产品开发过程中的常用英语,帮助您更好地与国际市场接轨。

一、产品开发概述产品开发是一个复杂的过程,涉及市场调研、设计、生产、测试等多个阶段。

在这个过程中,了解和运用英语可以帮助您更好地与国际同行沟通,提高工作效率。

以下是一些基本的产品开发英语词汇:1.Product Development:产品开发2.Market Research:市场调研3.Design:设计4.Manufacturing:生产5.Testing:测试二、产品开发中的英语术语1.Specification(规格):产品详细的技术规范和性能指标。

2.Prototype(原型):产品设计过程中的试验模型。

3.Testing phase(测试阶段):对产品进行功能性、性能和质量检验的阶段。

unch(上市):产品正式投放市场的过程。

5.Marketing strategy(营销策略):为实现产品销售目标而制定的计划。

三、实用场景及对话示例1.情景一:与国外供应商沟通Supplier: Dear friend, we have received your inquiry about the prototype of our new product.买方:亲爱的供应商,我们已经收到了您关于新产品原型的询问。

Supplier: Thank you for your interest.Could you please provide us with more details about the specifications and requirements?买方:感谢您的关注。

请您提供关于产品规格和需求的具体信息。

2.情景二:与国际客户洽谈Client: We are considering partnering with your company for the distribution of your product in our region.客户:我们正在考虑与贵公司合作,在我校区域内分发您的产品。

广告词汇中英文对照

广告词汇中英文对照

广告术语中英文对照aaa(美国广告院校协会) american academy of advertisingaaaa, 4a’s (美国广告代理商协会) american association ofadvertising agencies abc (广告发行量稽查会) audit bureau ofcirculationsama (美国市场营销协会) american marketing associationaio (行为、兴趣、观点数据库) activity, interesting, opinioniaa (国际广告协会)international advertising association pop广告point of purchasesswot分析、优劣势分析 strength, weakness, opportunity, threat 案头研究 desk research版权 copyright包装 package保存率keeping rate报价 quotation, cost estimate备忘录memo边际效用 marginal utility标题 headline标志 logo, mark草稿 rough草图 sketch插图 illustration差异性(策略) differentiation蒙太奇montage免费赠品 give away命名 naming模仿 copy模型 model, pattern目标对象target audience尼尔逊电视调查报告nielsen television index 频率frequency品牌 brand品牌策略 brand strategy 品牌个性(人格化)brand personality 品牌购买趋势brand momentum 品牌管家 brand steward品牌经理 brand manager 品牌联想 brand linkage品牌识别 brand identity 产品核心概念product concept产品名称测试name test产品效用 benefit产品形象 product image产品原型 product prototype产品原型测试prototype test产品周期 product life-cycle产品属性 product attribute陈列 display冲击力impact出口广告 export advertising创意 creative创意草图 idea sketch创意策略 creative strategy创意概念 creative concept创意提案 creative presentation 创意总监 creative director (cd) 从众 follow促销活动 promotion打样 color proof打字照排 typesetting代理商agent导演 director到达率reach到达频率 frequency第一知名度 top of mind (tom)点子 idea电话调查 telephone interview电视媒体 tv media调查员interviewer定量研究 quantitative research 定位 positioning定性研究 quality research动画 animation动机 motivation, motion动机分析 motivation analysis动机强度 motivation intension独家赞助 sponsored event独特销售理论unique selling proposition (usp) 发行量circulation 菲林,胶片 film分类广告 classified advertising分散式媒体组合assorted media mix分色 color separation分销 distribution风险知觉 perceived risk服务质量 serve quality负片 negative覆盖率coverage概念 concept概念测试 concept test感觉 sense个人收视率 personal audience rating 个性,性格 personality工作进度报告公共关系 public relations购买 purchase, buy购买后分析 post-buy—analysis购买环境 shopping environment购买决策 purchase decision购买决定因子购买率purchase rate购买模型 purchase model购买频率 purchase frequency购买者buyer购买周期 purchase period购买准备 purchase preparation关键词keyword观察法observe method广播电视网 network广播媒体 broadcast mediastatus report purchase decision factor广告 advertising (ad)广告标语 advertising slogan广告测试 advertising test广告策略 advertising strategy广告创意 advertising creative广告创作人员creator广告对象 advertising target广告概念 advertising concept广告稿效果调查 copy test广告代理商,广告公司广告管理 advertising management 广告计划 advertising plan广告监测 advertising monitor, advertising track 广告精读率attentive readership score 广告客户 client广告目标 advertising goal广告目的 advertising objective 广告牌 billboard广告认知效果advertising recognition effect 广告时代 advertising age (ad age)广告诉求 advertising appeal广告文案 advertising copy广告效果advertising effect, advertising impact 广告效果监测advertising impact track广告音乐 jingle广告占有率 share of voice广告招贴 poster广告作品 advertisement国际广告媒体international mediaadvertising agency篇二:主要广告术语中英对照aadvertising广告广告活动ads 广告物account executive 客户主管account 客户项目account planning 客户策划account services 客户部account service 客户服务art director美术指导advertising campaign 广告活动advertising agency 广告代理商4a ( american association of advertising agencies) 美国广告代理商协会above-the-line advertising 线上广告.广告代理商能从媒介获得代理费的广告regulatory matters广告规章和法规agency profit management利润管理advertising department 广告部airport advertising 机场广告appeal 诉求area sampling 区域抽样audience 受众。

广告业常用英文术语

广告业常用英文术语

ae—— account executive ——客户代表,或客户执行。

代表广告公司接受广告主各种业务,并负责整体执行的人。

account group ——业务小组。

广告公司内负责某特定客户之工作小组。

以ae 为中心,成员包括行销企划、创意、媒体等工作人员,替客户执行广告企划设定、广告表现制作、媒体安排等业务。

appeal point ——诉求点。

广告讯息中,最能打动消费者心理,并引起行动的重点。

brain storming ——动脑会议。

可自由发想,不受限制的讨论会议。

brand image ——品牌形象。

消费者对商品品牌之印象。

cf ——commercial film ——乃广告影片是也,可不是电视广告脚本哦,commercial 是电视广告脚本。

competitive presentation ——比稿。

有的广告主不会将广告计划立即委托一家广告公司,而是让多家广告公司彼此竞争,再从中选择最优秀、最满意的广告公司。

copywriter ——文案(撰文人员)。

负责广告文案的专门写作。

ci ——corporate identity ——企业识别。

以统一性的标志表示企业的理念、文化以及经营的任务。

creative boutique ——创意工作室。

“boutique ”为法语中商店的意思,指专门零售店,特别是指贩卖流行物品、装饰品的商店。

以这种语意为背景,由少数人组成、专门制作广告的公司,便称为小型制作专业广告公司。

direct response advertising ——直效广告。

需要从潜在客户处得到简单回应的广告。

例如邮购、直接信函、电讯行销,及有线电视购物频道。

直效广告必须是双向沟通的。

director ——指导。

在整个广告作业中,担任指导之专业职务。

依照其经验不同,指导可分为资深指导( senior director) 、指导( director )和助理指导( assistant director )。

《市场营销学》第七章 产品策略

《市场营销学》第七章  产品策略

整体产品概念对营销管理的意义





1. 整体产品概念体现了以顾客为中心的现代营 销观念。 2. 整体产品概念为企业开发适合消费者需要的 有形与无形产品、挖掘新的市场机会提供了新 的思路。 3. 整体产品概念给企业产品开发设计提供了新 的方向。 4. 整体产品概念为企业的产品差异化提供了新 的线索。 5. 整体产品概念要求企业重视各种售后服务。
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牙膏
格利1952 佳洁士1955
条状肥皂
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品牌归属决策,又称品牌使用者决策, 指是决定用本企业(制造商本身)的牌 号,还是用经销商的牌号,或者是一部 分产品用本企业的牌号,另一部分产品 用经销商的牌号的决策。 制造商品牌:可口可乐、柯达、IBM等 中间商品牌 混合品牌
中间商品牌

所谓中间商品牌就是批发商或零售商开 发并使用的自有品牌。一般而言,中间 商品牌策略的使用者基本上是实力雄厚 的大型零售商。
写为PLC)是指某产品从进入市场到被淘 汰退出市场的全部运动过程,受受科学 技术的发展,产品更新换代的速度、消 费者需求状况,以及生产经营者之间的 竞争状况等 的影响。
产品使用周期

产品的使用周期是指产品的具体物质形 态的消耗磨损,即产品的耐用程度。决 定和影响产品使用周期的主要因素是消 费的时间和方式、使用强度、维修和保 养等。
营销视野
名车品牌大观[3]

公司产品介绍必备英文术语

公司产品介绍必备英文术语

公司产品介绍必备英文术语1. Product Features(产品特点)Innovation(创新)Quality(质量)Performance(性能)Durability(耐用性)UserFriendly(易用性)2. Target Market(目标市场)Demographics(人口统计)Geographics(地理分布)Psychographics(心理特征)3. Competitive Advantage(竞争优势)Price(价格)Brand Reputation(品牌声誉)Customization(定制化)AfterSales Service(售后服务)4. Product Lifecycle(产品生命周期)Introduction Stage(引入期)Growth Stage(成长期)Maturity Stage(成熟期)Decline Stage(衰退期)5. Marketing Strategies(营销策略)Online Marketing(线上营销)Offline Marketing(线下营销)Content Marketing(内容营销)Social Media Marketing(社交媒体营销)6. Distribution Channels(分销渠道)Direct Sales(直销)Indirect Sales(间接销售)Retailers(零售商)7. Pricing Strategy(定价策略)CostBased Pricing(成本导向定价)ValueBased Pricing(价值导向定价)Penetration Pricing(渗透定价)Skimming Pricing(撇脂定价)当然,让我们继续深入探讨这些术语在实际应用中的更多细节。

8. Customer Engagement(客户参与)Feedback Loop(反馈循环)Customer Surveys(客户调查)User Reviews(用户评价)Community Building(社区建设)9. Technical Specifications(技术规格)Dimensions(尺寸)Materials(材料)Power Requirements(电源需求)Compatibility(兼容性)Certifications(认证)10. Sales Forecasting(销售预测)Market Analysis(市场分析)Trend Analysis(趋势分析)Historical Data(历史数据)Sales Funnel(销售漏斗)11. Product Development(产品开发)Research and Development(研发)Prototyping(原型制作)Beta Testing(beta测试)Iteration(迭代)12. Intellectual Property(知识产权)Patents(专利)Trademarks(商标)Copyrights(版权)Trade Secrets(商业秘密)13. Supply Chain Management(供应链管理) Procurement(采购)Inventory Management(库存管理)Logistics(物流)Vendor Management(供应商管理)14. International Trade(国际贸易)Import and Export(进出口)Tariffs and Duties(关税和税费)International Shipping(国际运输)Currency Exchange(货币兑换)15. Customer Support(客户支持)Help Desk(帮助台)Warranty Services(保修服务)Training and Support(培训与支持)Multilingual Support(多语言支持)在使用这些术语时,记得要将它们融入到生动的案例和故事中,这样不仅能更好地吸引听众的注意力,还能帮助他们更深刻地理解您的产品。

4P营销

4P营销

4P营销一、4P的起源“4P”营销理论(The Marketing Theory of 4Ps)产生于20世纪60年代的美国,是随着营销组合理论的提出而出现的。

1953年,尼尔·博登(NeilBorden).在美国市场营销学会的就职演说中创造了“市场营销组合”(Marketingmix)这一术语,其意是指市场需求或多或少的在某种程度上受到所谓“营销变量”或“营销要素”的影响,为了寻求一定的市场反应,企业要对这些要素进行有效的组合,从而满足市场需求,获得最大利润。

杰罗姆·麦卡锡(E. Jerome McCarthy)于1960年在其《基础营销》(Basic Marketing)一书中第一次将企业的营销要素归结为四个基本策略的组合,即著名的“4Ps”理论:产品(Product)、价格(Price)、渠道(Place)、促销(Promotion),由于这四个词的英文字头都是P,再加上策略(Strategy),所以简称为“4Ps”。

1967年,菲利普·科特勒在其畅销书《营销管理:分析、规划与控制》第一版进一步确认了以“4P”为核心的营销组合方法。

二、4P的内容产品(Product):注重开发的功能,要求产品有独特的卖点,把产品的功能诉求放在第一位。

价格(Price):根据不同的市场定位,制定不同的价格策略,产品的定位依据是企业的品牌战略,注重品牌的含金量。

渠道(Place):企业并不直接面对消费者,而是注重经销商的培育和销售网络的建立,企业与消费者的联系是通过分销商来进行的。

促销(Promotion):企业注重销售行为的改变来刺激消费者,以短期的行为(如让利,买一送一,营销现场气氛等等)为促成消费的增长,吸引其他品牌的消费者或导致提前消费来促进销售额的增长。

产品策略:主要是指企业以向目标市场提供各种适合消费者需求的有形和无形产品的方式来实现其营销目标。

期中包括对同产品有关的品种、规格、样式、质量、包装、特色、商标、品牌以及各种服务措施等可控因素的组合和运用。

市场营销专业词汇中英文对照表2

市场营销专业词汇中英文对照表2

第2部分:maintenance strategy 保持战略management overhead 管理费mandatory adaptation 强制性适应manufacturer brand 制造商/全国性品牌manufacturers' agents/representatives 生产商的代理商/销售代表manufacturers' export agents (MEA) 制造商出口代理manufacturers' sales offices/branches 生产商的销售办事处/分支机构market aggregation strategy 整体市场战略market attractiveness factors 市场吸引力因素market attractiveness 市场吸引力market attractiveness/business position matrix 市场吸引力/业务地位矩阵market circumstances 市场环境market demorgraphics 市场人口分布/统计特征market dimension 市场量度market entry strategies 市场进入战略market exclusion 市场排斥market expansion strategy 市场扩张战略market factors 市场因素market growth rate 市场增长率market hirarchy 市场等级market inclusion 市场纳入market measurement 市场测量market opportunity analysis 市场机会分析market position factors 市场地位因素market positioning analysis 市场定位分析market potential measurements 市场潜力测度market segment 细分市场market segmentation 市场细分market targeting 目标市场选择marketability 市场开拓能力market-entry strategies 市场进入战略marketing action plan 营销行动计划marketing audit 营销审计marketing channel 营销渠道marketing codes of conduct 营销行为规范marketing communication 营销沟通/传播marketing concept 营销观念marketing control 营销控制marketing decision support systems (MDSS) 营销决策支持系统marketing environment audit 营销环境审计marketing flows and functions 营销过程和职能marketing function area audit 营销功能领域的审计marketing implications of 对营销的影响marketing information system 营销信息系统marketing institutions 营销机构marketing management 营销管理marketing message 营销信息marketing mix 营销组合marketing policy 营销策略marketing productivity area audit 营销生产力领域的审计marketing program components 营销计划内容marketing program 营销计划/方案marketing relationship 营销关系marketing research 营销研究marketing strategy 营销战略market-management organizational structure 市场管理组织结构mark-up price 产品/溢价价格Marlboro 万宝路Marriott Hotel 万豪酒店mass-market penetration strategy 大规模市场渗透战略mass-market strategy 大市场战略matrix organizational structure 矩阵组织结构Matsushita 日本松下电子mature conformists 成熟的随大流者mature markets 成熟市场mature stage of product life cycle 产品生命周期的成熟阶段McDonald's 麦当劳McDonnell Douglas 麦道公司MCI电讯公司(前世界通信公司)MDSS (Marketing-Decision Support System) 市场决策支持系统measurability 可测度性measure or index 测量指标measurement criteria 计量标准media audiences 媒体受众medical and health services 医疗卫生服务Medico Containment Servicesmemory of consumers 消费者记忆Mercedes-Benz 梅赛德斯-奔驰Mercer Management Consulting 美国美智管理顾问公司merchandising 推销merchant middlemen 国内贸易中间商merchant wholesalers 商业批发商message structure 信息结构Michael Porter 迈克尔-波特micro risks 微观风险microsegmentatioin 微观细分Miller Tyding ACT, USA 米勒·泰丁法案minging 矿业Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company (3M) 明尼苏达矿业和制造公司Minolta 美能达miscellaneous sources 多方面来源mission 宗旨missionary selling 推销式销售Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 三菱重工modified rebuy 调整再购monosegment positioning 单一细分市场定位Monsanto 孟山都农业生物技术公司moral appeals 伦理/道德诉求morals 道德Motorola 摩托罗拉multichannel distribution 多渠道分销multidimensional scaling 多维等级法multilevel selling 多级销售multinational coporations (MNCs) 跨国公司multiple test markets 多测试市场multiple-brand strategy 多品牌战略multiple-factor index 多因素指数法multisegment positioning 多重细分市场定位national account management 全国性客户管理national market 国内市场National Semiconductor 美国国家半导体公司net sales 净销售额network computer (NC) 网络计算机new business selling 新业务销售new buy 购入新产品new entrants 新进入者New Prod screening model 新普罗德筛选模型new-product ideas 新产品创意Newsweek 《新闻周刊》new-task buying 全新采购new-to-the-world products 世界性新产品niche penetration strategy 壁龛/机会市场渗透战略niche-market strategy 壁龛市场战略no-brand brand name 无品牌的品牌名称no-frills product 无虚饰产品noise in communication system 传播系统中的噪音non-financial rewards 非物质性奖励措施non-probability sampling 非概率抽样non-store retailing 无店铺零售业number of stockouts 迟滞数目object-and-task method of promotion budgeting 目标-任务促销预算法objectives and strategy area audit 目标与战略领域的审计objectives 具体目标observation 观察法occupancy costs 房屋占用成本occupation/position 职业/职位odd pricing 奇/余数定价法oeverall quality 总体质量off-invoice discounts 发票之外的折扣offsets 抵消交易on-air testing 广播测试OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) 欧佩克(石油输出国组织)opening relationships 建立关系operating supplies 生产供应品operational excellence 运作管理水平opinion leaders 意见领导者opportunity cost 机会成本opportunity identification 机会识别opportunity/threat matrix 机会/威胁矩阵order cycle time 订货周期order processing 订单处理organisational level 组织层次organizaitonal requirement planning 组织需求计划organization area audit 组织领域的审计organization buying center 组织采购中心organizational customer 组织顾客organizational direct selling 组织直销organizational markets 组织市场organizational purchasing 组织采购organzational structure 组织结构outdoor enthusiasts 户外运动爱好者out-of-home media 户外广告媒体overall cost leadership 全面成本领先overheads 日常开支ownership of new product 新产品所有权panel of experts 专家小组parentage 渊源parties involved 交换中的各方payment terms 支付条款pay-off control 支出控制penetration pricing 渗透定价perceived customer value 顾客感知价值perceived quality 感知到的质量perceived value 感知到的价值percentage of sales promotion budgeting method 销售额百分比促销预算法perceptions of consumers 消费者感知/理解perceptual (product) pisitioning 感知(产品)定位perceptual map 感知图perceptual organization 感知组织perceptual vigilance 感性的警惕performance dimension 业绩标准performance evaluation 业绩评估performance measures 表现/业绩测度performance objective 绩效目标performance standards 绩效标准performance 功能perishability 非持久性personal selling 人员推销personal sources 个人的信息来源personnel development 人力资源开发pharmaceuticals industry 医药行业physical (product) positioning 物理(产品)定位physical descriptors 物理变量physical distribution 实物分销Pillsbury 皮尔斯博瑞place utility 地点效用planning and control system area audit 计划与控制系统领域的审计point of sale information 销售点信息point-of-purhcase (POP) promotion 采购点促销point-of-sales (POS) data 销售点数据pontificator 保守派popularity 通用性population trends 人口趋势portfolio models for resource allocation 资源配置的资产组合模式position intensity 地位集中程度possession utility 拥有效用post-purchase dissonance 购买后的不协调post-purchase evaluation 购买后评估power in distribution 分销权力power of buyers 购买者能力power of suppliers 供应商能力predatory pricing 掠夺性定价法pre-empting scarce resources 先占稀缺资源preferential treatment 特惠待遇premiums 额外奖励present competitors 现有的竞争者presenting sales message 提供销售信息pre-test market research 测试前市场研究price discrimination 价格歧视price elasticity of demand 需求的价格弹性price fixing 价格设定price leaders 价格领导者price lining 价格排列定价法price/earnings ration 价格/收益比price-off promotions 降价促销price-setting process 定价过程pricing adjustments 定价调整primary demand 基本需求primary sources 第一类/主要数据print media 印刷媒体private/for-profit organization 私营/盈利性组织PRIZM (Potential Rating Index for Zip Markets) 按邮政区划为基础的潜力等级指数proactive new-product development strategy 进取型新产品开发战略probability sampling 概率抽样problem formulation 界定问题problem identificatioin 确定问题process management 过程管理Procter & Gamble (P&G) 宝洁公司product availability 产品的可获得性product category 产品类别product class 产品类别product decisions 产品决策product design 产品设计product dimension or attributes 产品维度/属性product evolution 产品演变product features 产品特征product intent share 产品倾向份额product leadership 产品领导能力product life cycle (PLC) 产品生命周期product life cycle curve 产品生命周期曲线product manager audit 产品经理审计product offering 供应品product organizaiton of salesforce 按产品组织销售队伍product policies 产品策略product scope 产品范围product space 产品位置product systems 产品体系product type 产品类型product usage 产品用途product(ion)-oriented organization 产品/生产导向型组织product-line pricing adjustments 产品线定价调整product-management organizational structure 产品管理组织结构product-market entry control 产品-市场进入控制product-related behavioral descriptors 与产品相关的行为变量product's market characteristics 产品的市场特征product-use testing 产品使用测试pro-environment 环保profit impact of market strategy (PIMS) 市场战略的利润影响profitability analysis 盈利性分析profitability 盈利性/盈利能力profitable survivor strategy 有利可图的生存者战略project-company resource compatibility 项目与公司资源的协调性projected profit-and-loss statement 预计损益表projective tests 投影测试promotion decisions 促销决策promotion mix 促销组合promotion policies 促销策略promotional allowance 促销折让promotional effort 促销努力promotional pricing 促销定价promptness 及时性propector strategy 探索型战略prospecting for customers 寻找顾客psychographics 心理统计特征psychological cost 心理成本psychological pricing 心理定价法public utilities 公共设施publicity 公共宣传pull strategy for control of distribution channels 分销渠道控制的拉式战略pupil dilation 瞳孔扩张purchase predisposition 购买倾向purchasing agent 采购代理purchasing power perity (PPP) 购买力平价指数push money/spiffs 佣金push stragtegy for control of distribution channels 分销渠道控制的推式战略qualifying prospects 审查潜在顾客资格quality dimensions 质量维度quantity discount 数量折扣question marks 问题类questioning 询问法quotas 定额R & D expenditure 研究开发战略race and ethnic origin 种族和民族rack jobbers 供应超级市场的批发商rank ordering 排序rate of adoption 采购率rate-of-return/target return pricing 回报率/目标回报定价法rational appeals 理性诉求rationale 基本原理reactive and proactive responses 反应及前摄策略reactive new-product development strategy reactor strategy 反应型战略rebates 回扣recall tests 记忆测试receiver 接收者reciprocity 利益互惠recognition of problem/need 发现问题/需求recognition tests 认知测试recreation 娱乐业recruitment and selection 招聘与选拔recycling of packaging 包装回收(利用)reference group 参照群体referent power 参照权refocus 巩固refunds 退款refusal to deal 拒绝经营regression analysis 回归分析法regulation 管制related/concentric diversification 相关/同心多元化relational VMSs 相关式垂直营销系统relative attractiveness of declining markets 衰退市场的相对吸引力relative market potential 相对市场潜力relative market share 相对市场份额reliability 可靠性repeat purchase behavior 重复购买行为repetition 重复repositionings 重新定位产品requirements planning 需求计划reseller 中间商resident buyers 常驻采购员resource allocation/deployment 资源配置response strategies 反应策略response to communication 传播响应responsive strategy 反应型新产品开发战略responsiveness 响应性retail coverage strategy 零售范围战略Retail Index 零售指数retail sales 零售额retailer co-operatives 零售商合作社retailer 零售商retailing trends 零售趋势Return on Equity (ROE) 权益回报率Return on Investment (ROI) 投资回报率Return on Net Assets (RONA) 净资产回报率reverse engineering 反向工程reward systems 奖励系统rivalry determinants 竞争决定因素rivalry 竞争对手roster 名册sales agents 销售代理商sales analysis by customer 顾客销售分析sales analysis by order size 订货规模的销售分析sales analysis by product 产品销售分析sales analysis by territory 区域销售分析sales forcasting 销售预测sales force estimates 销售人员估计sales force size 销售队伍规模sales force 销售队伍sales forecasting 销售预测sales management 销售管理sales organization 销售组织sales personnel incentives 销售人员激励sales personnel 销售人员sales potential 销售潜力sales territory 销售地区sales trends 销售趋势sales/price reduction 销售/价格下降sample design 样本设计sample size 样本大小sampling 抽样sampling 提供样品scale efficiency 规模效率scaled measures 比例测度scoring models 评判模型screening of ideas 创意筛选sealed bidding 招标secondary sources 第二类/次要数据second-but-better new-product development strategy 后者居上型新产品开发战略security 证券业segmentation and targeting 细分与目标选择segmentation criteria 细分标准segmentation descriptors 市场细分变量selective demand 选择性需求selective distribution 选择分销selective exposure 选择性接触selective perception 选择性感知/理解selective retention 选择性保留self-employed person 独立经营的个人self-managing teams 自我管理团队self-oriented 自我导向型selling groups 销售团队selling proposition 销售计划/提议selling 推销/销售service guarantees 服务保证serviceability 服务能力serviceability 适用性services channels 服务渠道servicing products 服务产品servicing the account 客户服务setting quotas 确定定额shake-out stage 动荡阶段shared programs/facilities 分享计划/设备share-growth strategies for followers 追随者的市场份额增长战略shareholder value 股东价值share-maintenance 份额保持Sherman Act, USA 美国谢尔曼法案signal vehicle/carrier 信号载体simulated test marketing 模拟市场测试single-factor index 单因素指数法single-line mass-merchandiser stores 单一类型产品专营连锁店skimming and early withdrawal 撇脂与尽早撤离战略skimming pricing 撇脂定价法sleepwalker/contented underachievers 梦游者/很容易满足的人slotting allowance 安置津贴social acceptability 社会可接受性social class 社会阶层social objectives 社会目标sociocultural environment 社会文化环境soft goods 非耐用品soft technology 软技术sole ownership entry strategy 独享所有权的进入战略source credibility 信息来源的可信度source 广告信息来源sources of new-product ideas 新产品创意来源speciality goods 特殊品speciality retailers 专营零售商speciality stores 专营商店specialization 专门化Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) 标准工业分类代码standardization strategy 标准化战略standby positioning 备用定位staple goods 日常用品statement of job qualifications 工作要求说明stock levels 库存水平stockless purchase arrangement 无存货采购计划store brands 零售商品牌straight commission compensation plan 纯佣金制薪酬方案straight rebuy 直接再购straight salary compensation plan 纯薪金制薪酬方案strategic control 战略控制strategic fit 战略协调性strategic group 战略组strategic inertia 战略惯性strategic intent/objective 战略目标strategic marketing program 战略营销计划strategic pricing objectives 战略定价目标strategic withdrawal 战略撤退strategy constraints 战略影响因素strategy formulation and implementation 战略制定和实施strategy implementation 战略实施strategy reassessment 战略重估subculture 亚文化subfactor 次级因素substitute goods 替代品substitution threat 替代产品的威胁Sumitomo 住友商事Sun Microsystems 太阳微系统supplementary media 辅助性广告媒体suppliers' bargaining power 供应商的讨价还价能力surrogate products 替代产品survival pricing 生存定价法sustainable competitive advantage 可持续的竞争优势sweepstakes 彩票抽奖switching cost 转换成本synergy 协同作用tabulation 制表tangibility 有形性target audience 目标受众target level of product quality 产品质量标准target or hurdle level 目标或难度水平target return price 目标回报价格targeting strategy 目标市场选择战略targeting 目标市场选择team selling 团队销售technical selling 技术销售television audience measurement 电视观众测量television home shopping 电视家庭购物territorial restrictions 地区限制territories 区域territory design and deployment 区域设计及部署territory inventory 地区存货test marketing 市场测试testing new product 测试新产品the American Association for Public Opinion Research 美国公共意见研究协会the Council of American Survey Research Organization 美国调查研究组织委员会the Fishbein Model 菲什宾模型the Marketing Research Association 营销研究协会theatre tests 现场测试threat of new entrants 新进入者的威胁three order-hierarchy models 三阶段层级结构模型time frame 时间框架/要求time pricing 时间定价time utility 时间效用Timex 天美时title 所有权total cost 总成本total quality managemnt (TQM) 全面质量管理Toys 'R' Us 美国著名玩具零售商tracking and monitoring 跟踪与监控trade promotion 贸易促销trade selling 贸易销售trade/functional discounts 贸易/职能折扣trade-in allowance 以旧换新折让transactiional efficiency 交易效率transaction cost analysis (TCA) 交易成本分析turnkey construction contract 监督建筑契约turnover 人员流动two-sided presentations 双向信息陈述tying contracts 附带条件的合同types of adverstising 广告种类types of brand 品牌种类types of costs 成本种类ultimate customers/end users 最终顾客/用户underlying dimension 基本组成要素uniform delivered pricing 统一运费定价法Union Pacific Railroad 联合太平洋铁路unit sales 单位产品销售额unitary price elasticity 单位需求价格弹性Universal Product Code (UPC) 统一商品编码universe (样本)总体unrelated/conglomerate diversification 复合多元化unsought goods 非渴求产品usage 用途use tests 使用测试utility/price relationship 效用/价格关系VALS2 价值与生活方式体系2value-based planning 价值基础计划variability 变化性variable costs 可变成本variable incentive 可变激励措施VCR (video cassette recorder) 录像机vending sales 自动售货业vending-machine operators 自动售货机经营商vendor analysis 供应商分析vertical integration 垂直/纵向一体化vertical marketing systems (VMS) 垂直营销系统want 欲求warranty 质量保证wholesale clubs 批发俱乐部wholesaler-sponsored voluntary chains 批发商发起的自愿连锁wholesaling trends 批发趋势win-back program 赢回(顾客)方案working capital investment 周转资金投入workload approach 计算工作量方法zero defect 零缺陷zone pricing 分区定价法。

英文文献和翻译品牌战略

英文文献和翻译品牌战略

外文翻译:品牌战略原文来源:Aaker, David A.; Erich Joachimsthaler (2000). Brand Leadership. New York: The Free Press. pp. 1–6. ISBN 0-684-83924-5.译文正文:品牌管理是营销技术应用到具体产品,产品线或品牌。

它旨在提高产品的认知价值给客户,从而提升品牌特许经营和品牌资产。

营销人员认为这是一个隐含的承诺,一个品牌,人们的生活质量水平来从一个品牌预期将继续与购买相同产品的未来。

这可能会增加决策与竞争产品相比更有利的销售。

它也可能使制造商收取更多的产品。

品牌的价值是取决于它的利润总额为制造商产生。

这可能导致从增加的销售和价格上涨的组合,或降低销售成本(销货成本),或更有效的营销投资。

这些增强功能全部可以提高一个品牌的盈利能力,因此,“品牌经理”往往携带一个品牌的P和L(损益线管理责任制)的盈利能力,相比之下,市场营销人员经理的角色,这是分配给上述预算,管理和执行。

在这方面,品牌管理通常是在组织视为一个单独比市场更广泛和更战略性的作用。

由《Interbrand》和《Business Week》公布的每年最具价值的品牌名单中可以发现,公司的市场价值通常是由品牌决定。

麦肯锡公司是一家全球性咨询公司,在2000年的研究表明,相对股东比较弱的品牌,实力雄厚则品牌产生更高的回报。

两者合计,这意味着,品牌严重影响股东价值,最终品牌的首席执行官需要对其负责任。

管理学科的品牌开始了在宝洁公司的PLC作为一个由Neil阁下麦克尔罗伊著名的备忘录的结果。

品牌管理原则一个好的品牌名称应:·受商标法保护。

·朗朗上口。

·容易被记住。

·容易被识别。

·在该品牌可以使用的范围内很容易被翻译成当地语言·吸引眼球。

·引出产品的优点(如:易关)·提升公司或产品形象。

某汽车产品策略及品牌管理英文

某汽车产品策略及品牌管理英文

某汽车产品策略及品牌管理英文1. IntroductionIn this document, we will discuss the product strategy and brand management of a specific automobile company. We will analyze the various aspects of their product strategy and how they manage their brand to ensure their success in the competitive automotive industry.2. Product StrategyThe product strategy of this automobile company focuses on offering a diverse range of vehicles that cater to different customer segments. They have a portfolio that includes sedans, SUVs, trucks, and electric vehicles.2.1 Product PortfolioThe company ensures that their product portfolio is well-balanced, covering both popular models and niche vehicles. They continuously conduct market research to identify emergingtrends and customer preferences. This allows them to introduce new models or update existing ones to stay competitive.2.2 Product DevelopmentThe company invests heavily in research and development to bring innovative features and technologies to their vehicles. They collaborate with various technology partners and suppliers to leverage advancements in areas such as autonomous driving, connectivity, and alternative fuel sources.2.3 Pricing and PositioningThe pricing and positioning of their products are carefully strategized to attract target customers while generating profitability for the company. They offer different trim levels and options to cater to various budget ranges and customer preferences.3. Brand ManagementBrand management plays a crucial role in establishing a strong market presence and customer loyalty. This automobile companyfocuses on building and mntning a reputable brand through various strategies.3.1 Brand IdentityThe company has a well-defined brand identity that represents its values, mission, and vision. They have a distinct logo, slogan, and brand colors that are used consistently across all marketing and communication channels. This helps in creating brand recognition and differentiation in the market.3.2 Marketing and AdvertisingThe company invests in extensive marketing and advertising efforts to promote its brand and products. They employ various channels such as TV commercials, print advertisements, online advertising, and social media campgns to reach a wide audience. They also collaborate with celebrities and influencers to enhance brand visibility and credibility.3.3 Customer ExperienceProviding an exceptional customer experience is a core focus for this automobile company. They ensure that their dealerships provide a comfortable and welcoming environment for customers. They also offer various services such as after-sales support, warranty programs, and mntenance packages to enhance the overall ownership experience.3.4 Corporate Social ResponsibilityThe company actively engages in corporate social responsibility initiatives to contribute to the communities they operate in. They support various social causes, environmental conservation efforts, and sponsor sports and cultural events. These initiatives help in building a positive brand image and attracting socially conscious consumers.4. ConclusionIn conclusion, the product strategy and brand management of this automobile company havecontributed to their success in the competitive automotive industry. Their focus on product diversity, innovation, pricing, and positioning has allowed them to capture a significant market share. Their brand management efforts in establishing a strong brand identity, marketing, customer experience, and corporate social responsibility have helped them build a loyal customer base.。

4P营销

4P营销

产品信息传递给消费者以促成消费行为的达成?
⑷分销:产品通过什么渠道销售?如何将产品顺利送抵消费者的手
中?
五、4Ps与4Cs的相互关系对照表
类别
4Ps
4Cs
产品 (Product)
服务范围、项目,服务 客户(Customer) 研究客户需求欲
产品定位和服务品牌等
望,并提供相应产
品或服务
价格(Price) 基本价格,支付方式, 成本(Cost) 佣金折扣等
三、4P的组合优缺点分析
优点: (1)具有可控性。构成市场营销组合的各种手段是企业可以调节、 控制和运用的因素如企业根据目标市场情况能够自主决定生产什么产品 制定什么价格选择什么销售渠道采用什么促销方式。 (2)动态性。市场营销组合不是固定不变的静态组合而是变化无穷 的动态组合。企业受到内部条件、外部环境变化的影响必须能动地做出 相应的反应。
杰罗姆·麦卡锡(E. Jerome McCarthy)于1960年在其《基础营销》 (Basic Marketing)一书中第一次将企业的营销要素归结为四个基本策略的 组合,即著名的“4Ps”理论:产品(Product)、价格(Price)、渠道(Place)、促
销(Promotion),由于这四个词的英文字头都是P,再加上策略 (Strategy),所以简称为 “4Ps”。
3.4P理论主要注重宣传产品知识,即产品的特性和功能,强调的 是产品的特点;4C理论注重品种资源的整合,注重宣传企业形象和建立 品牌,把品牌的塑造作为企业市场营销的核心。
4.从传播来看4P理论的传播媒介是大众取向且单向;4C理论的传 播则是双向的,选择媒体“细”而目“多”,更加关注“小众媒体”。
4P是营销的策略和手段,而4C则属于营销理念和标准。4C所提出 的“满足顾客需求,降低顾客购买成本,购买便利性,营销沟通”是一种 营销理念和理想的营销标准,而4P“产品、价格、渠道、沟通与促销”则 是一种营销策略和手段。4C所提出的营销理念和标准最终还是要通过4P 为策略和手段来实现的。比如要提升顾客购买的便利性 (Convenience)就要通过渠道策略(Place策略)来完成,要满足消费 者需求(Consumer),要通过产品策略、广告公关等促销策略才能达 成,如路易威登的包要满足消费者追求奢华的需求,以非常考究的用材 和经典的设计形成产品策略、以顶尖的甚至超五星的终端装修和巨星云 集的公关活动来传播品牌的档次和品位。可见,4P与4C不是矛盾和对立 的,4C只是特别强调了顾客需求和双向互动沟通的重要性。

营销策略组合4Ps

营销策略组合4Ps

产品组合的宽度、长度、深度、关联度
产品组合的宽度——企业的产品组合中产品线的数目,即企业制造或经营着多少不同的产品种类。
产品组合的长度——企业的产品组合中产品项目的总数。
例如:M牙膏产品线下的产品项目有三种,A牙膏是其中一种,而A牙膏有三种规格和两种配方,A牙膏的深度是3*2=6。
产品组合的深度——产品线中每个产品项目有多少种
品牌设计的要求
标记性 设计新颖,不落俗套 重点突出,主次分明 简捷明快,易于识别
适应性 便于多种场合、多种传播媒体使用 适应国内外消费者的爱好,避免禁忌 适应国内外商标法规,便于申请注册
艺术性
企业的品牌策略
有品牌与无品牌
制造品牌与销售品牌
单一或等级品牌
品牌 策略
家族品牌
更新品牌与 推进品牌
即用品牌或不用品牌 一般情况下,有品牌的产品更容易得到消费者的信任。随着经济的发展,为了保证竞争地位,很多之前不用品牌的产品如水果、鸡蛋、肉类、蔬菜等也逐渐料类的产品为节省成本,也可以不使用品牌。
公司具有多少条不同的产品线
三种规格,两种配方(普通味和薄荷味) 其深度是6
产品组合的长度,是指产品组合中的产品项目总数 产品线的平均长度=产品组合的总长度÷产品线数
例如:
宝洁所生产经营的产品都是消费品,而且都是通过相同的渠道 分销,就产品的最终使用和分销渠道而言,这家公司的产品组
合的关联性大
产品组合的关联度——企业中各产品品类在最终用途、生产条件、目标市场、销售方式或其他方面相互关联的程度。
在冰箱上,海尔相继推出了“海尔-小王子”“海尔-双王子”“海尔-大王子”“海尔-帅王子”“海尔-金王子”等;
在空调上,海尔先后推出了“海尔-小超人”变频空调、“海尔-小状元”健康空调、“海尔-小英才”窗机等

mba 考试英语二单词

mba 考试英语二单词

MBA 考试英语二单词是指在MBA(工商管理硕士)考试英语科目中所涉及的词汇。

这些单词主要涵盖了商业、管理、经济、金融、市场营销、人力资源等与商业管理相关的领域。

以下是一些常见的MBA 考试英语二单词示例:
- Management(管理)
- Leadership(领导力)
- Strategy(策略)
- Marketing(市场营销)
- Economics(经济学)
- Finance(金融)
- Entrepreneurship(创业)
- Human Resources(人力资源)
- Operations Management(运营管理)
- Organizational Behavior(组织行为)
- Business Ethics(商业道德)
- Supply Chain Management(供应链管理)
- Innovation(创新)
-Competitive Advantage(竞争优势)
- Customer Relationship Management(客户关系管理)
- Globalization(全球化)
这些单词只是一小部分示例,实际上MBA 考试英语二单词的范围非常广泛。

为了准备MBA 考试的英语科目,建议你系统学习与商业管理相关的词汇,并通过阅读商业管理类的书籍、文章、案例等来扩展词汇量。

同时,进行模拟考试和练习题也有助于熟悉和应用这些单词。

品牌管理整理

品牌管理整理

品牌管理整理:Chapter.1①定义(definition):According to the American Marketing Association(AMA),a brand is a “name,term,sign,symbol,or design,or a combination of them,intended to identify the goods and services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competition”.(P2)②品牌的优点:Consumers:·Identification of source of product识别产品来源·Assignment of responsibility to product maker追溯制造商责任的依据·Risk reducer减少风险·Search cost reducer降低搜寻成本·Promise,bond,or pact with maker of product 产品质量的承诺和契约·Symbolic device象征意义·Signal of quality质量信号Manufacturers·Means of identification to simplify handling or tracing简化处理或追踪的识别工具·Means of legally protecting unique features合法保护产品独特性的工具·Signal of quality level to satisfied customers满足顾客质量要求的标志·Means of endowing products with unique associations赋予产品独特联想的途径·Source of competitive advantage竞争优势的源泉·Source of financial returns财务回报的来源(P6)③战略品牌管理过程1.Identifying and establishing brand positioning识别和确立品牌定位和价值2.Planning and implementing brand marketing programs规划并执行品牌营销活动3.Measuring and interpreting brand performance评估和诠释品牌绩效4.Growing and sustaining brand equity提升和维系品牌资产(P33)Chapter.2①Customer-based brand equity:Three ingredients:(1)differential effect差异化效应(2)brand knowledge品牌知识(3)consumer response to marketing 顾客对营销的反应(P41)②Brand knowledge:Two components:(1)brand awareness品牌认知(2)brand image品牌形象(P43)Chapter.3①Brand positioning: According to the CBBE model, deciding on a positioning requiresdetermining a frame of reference(by identifying the target market and the nature of competition)and ideal points of parity and points of difference brand associations.(P80)②PODs:Points of difference:are attributes or benefits that consumers strongly associate with a brand, positively evaluate, and believe that they could not find to the same extent with a competitive brandPOPs:Points of parity associations:on the other hand, are not necessarily unique to the brand but may in fact be shared with other brands.(P89)③Deliver ability Criteria:可传达性标准Three key deliver ability criteria:(1)Feasibility可行性(2)Communicability沟通性(3)Sustainability持续性(P94)Chapter.4①选择品牌要素的标准Six criteria for brand elements1.Memorable(可记忆性):(1)easily recognized (2)easily recalled2.Meaningful(有意义):(1)descriptive (2)persuasive3.Likable(可爱性):(1)fun and interesting (2)rich visual and verbal imagery (3)aesthetically pleasing4.Transferable(可转换性):(1)within and across product categories (2)across geographic boundaries and cultures.5.Adaptable(可适应性):(1)flexible (2)updatable6.Protectable(可保护性):(1)legally (2)competitively(P114)③options and tactics for brand elements:(1)brand names 品牌名称(2)URLs-uniform resource locators (3)logos and symbols标识与符号(4)characters 形象(5)slogans口号(6)packaging 包装(7)jingles广告曲(P119-137)Chapter.5①Personalizing Marketing:(1)experiential marketing 体验式营销(2)one-to-one marketing一对一营销(3)permission marketing许可营销(P151-155)②Product Strategy:产品策略1.Perceived Quality and Value感知质量与价值: (1)brand intangibles品牌的无形属性(2)value chain价值链2.Relationship Marketing关系营销:(1)mass customization大规模定制(2)after marketing 后营销(3)loyalty programs 忠诚度计划(P157-161)④Pricing Strategy:价格策略1.Consumer Price Perceptions顾客价格感知:consumers often rank brands according to price tiers in a category.2.Setting Prices to Build Brand Equity设定价格创建品牌资产:(1)value pricing价值定价(2)everyday low pricing 每日低价(P162-165)⑤Channel Strategy:渠道策略Marketing channels are defined as “sets of interdependent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption”(P173)Chapter.6①信息传播过程Information Processing Model of Communications1.Exposure展示:a person must see or hear the communication2.Attention注意:a person must notice the communicationprehension理解:a person must understand the intended message or arguments of the communication4.Yielding反应:a person must respond favorably to the intended message or arguments of the communication5.Intentions意向:a person must plan to act in the desired manner of the communication6.Behavior行动:a person must actually act in the desired manner of the communication(P188-189)②营销传播方案概述Overview of Marketing Communication Options:1.Advertising广告:(1)television (2)print广播(3)direct response印刷品(4)interactive互动2.Promotion促销:(1)consumers promotion对消费者促销(2)trade promotions对中间商促销3.Event Marketing and Sponsorship事件营销与赞助:(1)rationale原理(2)guidelines原则4.Public Relations and Publicity公共关系与宣传5.Personal Selling个人推销(P190-217)Chapter.7Leveraging Secondary Associations:次级品牌知识的杠杆化⏹Brand associations may themselves be linked to other entities, creating secondaryassociations:⏹Company (through branding strategies)⏹Country of origin (through identification of product origin)⏹Channels of distribution (through channels strategy)⏹Other brands (through co-branding)⏹Special case of co-branding is ingredient branding⏹Characters (through licensing)⏹Celebrity spokesperson (through endorsement advertising)⏹Events (through sponsorship)⏹Other third-party sources (through awards and reviews)①品牌联盟Co-Branding:also called brand bundling or brand alliances-occurs when two or more existing brands are combined into a joint product or are marketed together in some fashion.Ex.advantages:(1)borrow needed expertise (能借用所需要的专长)(2)leverage equity you don’t have (能利用本不具有的品牌资产的杠杆效应)(3)reduce cost of product introduction (降低产品的导入费用)(4)expand brand meaning into related categories:broaden meaning/increase access points (将品牌的含义扩展到相关品类中)(5)source of additional revenue增加额外收入来源Ex.disadvantages:(1)loss of control失去控制(2)risk of brand equity dilution面临品牌资产稀释的危险(3)negative feedback efforts负面反馈效应(4)lack of brand focus and clarity品牌缺乏聚焦性和清晰度(5)organizational distraction公司注意力分散(P236-238)②Celebrity Endorsement:Potential Problems(名人背书)1.Celebrity endorsers can endorse so many products that they lack any specific product meaning or are seen as opportunistic or insincere.(做广告的名人会被过度使用,他们给许多产品做广告,从而使某一产品缺乏特别含义,人们会认为过于投机不真诚)2.There must be a reasonable match between the celebrity and the product.在名人和产品之间必须具备合理的匹配性3.Celebrity endorsers can get in trouble or lose popularity,diminishing their marketing value to the brand,or just fail to live up to expectations.这些做广告的人可能会遇上麻烦或者声望受损,从而降低品牌的市场价值4.Many consumers feel that celebrities are only doing the endorsement for the money and do not necessarily believe in or even use the endorsed brand.许多消费者发现,名人做广告仅仅是为了赚钱,其实他们并非真的信任或使用这个产品5.As noted in Chapter 6,celebrities may distract attention from the brand in ads so that consumers notice the stars but have trouble remembering the advertised brand.(在第6章提到过,广告中的明星会使消费者的注意力不再集中于广告所宣传的品牌上)(P250-251)Chapter.8价值链(P259)Chapter.9①ZMET萨尔特曼隐喻诱引技术:the guided conversation consists of a series of steps1.Story telling故事描述:Participants describe the content of each picture2.Missed images缺失图片:Participants describe the picture or pictures that they were unable to obtain and explain their relevance3.Sorting task图片分类:Participants sort pictures into meaningful groups and provide a label or description for each group4.Construct elicitation 引出构念:Participants reveal basic constructs and their interconnections using images as stimuli through the Kelly repertory grid and laddering techniques5.The most representative picture:Participants indicate which picture is most representative6.Opposite images 反义图片:Participants indicate pictures that describe the opposite of the brand or the task they were given7.Sensory images 感觉图片:Participants indicate what does and does not describe the concept in terms of color,emotion,sound,smell,taste,and touch.8.Mental map 心理地图:After reviewing all the constructs discussed and asking participants whether the constructs are accurate representations of what they meant and whether any important ideas are missing,researchers ask them to create a map or causal model connecting the constructs.9.Summary image 总结性图片:Participants create a summary image or montage using their own images(sometimes augmented by images from an image bank)to express important issues.Digital imaging techniques may be employed to facilitate the creation of the image.10.Vignette插图:Participants put together a vignette or short video to help communicate important issues.(P302)②The Big Five:We can assess brand personality more definitively through adjective checklists or ratings.1.Sincerity真挚(down-to-earth,honest,wholesome,and cheerful)2.Excitement刺激(daring,spirited,imaginative,and up-to-date)petence能力(reliable,intelligent,and successful)4.Sophistication精致(upper class and charming)5.Ruggedness粗犷(outdoorsy and tough)(P303)Chapter.11Brand Hierarchy:品牌架构a brand hierarchy is a useful means of graphically portraying a firm’s branding strategy by displaying the number and nature of common and distinctive brand elements across the firm’s products,revealing the explicit ordering of brand elements.(P367)APPLEIphone ipad macbookIphone4s ipad mini macbook1Iphone5s ipad air macbook3Iphone6Iphone plus12.Brand Extensions:⏹Line extension产品线延伸⏹Using a sub-brand (母品牌)to target a new market segment withinthe same product category⏹Category extension品类延伸⏹Using the parent brand in a different product categoryAdvantages of Extensions(品牌延伸)⏹Facilitate new product acceptance增加产品的可接受性⏹Improve brand image提升品牌形象⏹Reduce risk perceived by customers减少消费者风险感知⏹Increase the probability of gaining distribution and trial增加分销和试销的可能性⏹Increase efficiency of promotional expenditures提高促销费用的使用率⏹Reduce costs of introductory and follow-up marketing programs降低产品导入及后续营销的活动成本⏹Avoid cost of developing a new brand避免创建新品牌的成本⏹Allow for packaging and labeling efficiencies提高包装和标签的使用效率⏹Permit consumer variety seeking满足消费者的多样化需求⏹Provide feedback benefits to parent brand为母品牌和公司提供反馈利益⏹Clarify brand meaning明确品牌含义⏹Enhance the parent brand image提升母品牌形象⏹Bring new customers into brand franchise and increase market coverage吸引新顾客扩大市场覆盖面⏹Revitalize the brand激活品牌⏹Permit subsequent extensions为后续延伸做铺垫Disadvantages of Extensions:⏹Can confuse or frustrate consumers可能使顾客感到困惑或遭受挫折⏹Can encounter retailer resistance可能遭到零售商的抵制⏹Can fail and hurt parent brand image可能失败并伤害母品牌的形象⏹Can succeed but cannibalize sales of parent brand可能成功但挤占了母品牌的销售⏹Can succeed but diminish identification with any one category可能成功但消弱了品类的认同⏹Can succeed but hurt the image of the parent brand可能成功但伤害到母品牌形象⏹Can dilute brand meaning可能稀释母品牌含义⏹Can cause the company to forgo the chance to develop a new brand可能错过开发新品牌的机会。

营销人员的必备知识

营销人员的必备知识

内容营销实践
通过实际案例分析,了解如何在 不同社交媒体平台上实施内容营 销策略,并评估营销效果和ROI
(投资回报率)。
07
营销数据分析与效果评估
数据驱动的营销决策
1 2 3
数据分析技能
营销人员需要掌握数据分析技能,包括数据收集 、清洗、整理、可视化等,以便从大量数据中提 取有价值的信息。
数据驱动决策
产品创新与差异化
产品创新
分析产品创新的必要性,以及如何通过创新来满足消费者需求、 提升竞争优势和开拓新市场。
差异化策略
介绍差异化策略的概念和实施方法,包括产品差异化、服务差异化 和品牌差异化等方面。
创新与差异化的平衡
探讨如何在产品创新和差异化之间取得平衡,避免过度创新或差异 化导致成本增加和市场接受度降低。
平台选择策略
根据目标受众和营销策略,选择合适 的社交媒体平台进行推广和营销。
内容营销策略与实践
内容营销策略
制定内容营销计划,包括内容类 型、发布频率、推广渠道等,以 吸引目标受众并提高品牌知名度

内容创作技巧
学习如何创作高质量、有吸引力 的内容,包括文字、图片、视频 等形式,以吸引目标受众的关注
和互动。
05
促销与分销策略
促销手段与类型
促销手段
打折、赠品、满减、积分兑换等,通过优惠活动吸引消费者 购买。
类型
日常促销、节日促销、主题促销等,根据不同时期和目标受 众选择合适的促销类型。
分销渠道选择与管理
分销渠道
线上、线下、直销、代理等,根据产品特点和市场定位选择合适的分销渠道。
管理
建立分销商档案、定期评估、调整分销策略等,确保分销渠道的稳定性和效益 。

地道产品商务英语词语大全

地道产品商务英语词语大全

地道产品商务英语词语大全
地道产品商务英语词语包括但不限于以下内容:
1. 产品开发:Product Development
2. 市场调研:Market Research
3. 营销策略:Marketing Strategy
4. 销售渠道:Sales Channels
5. 品牌建设:Brand Building
6. 客户服务:Customer Service
7. 质量保证:Quality Assurance
8. 产品定价:Product Pricing
9. 产品包装:Product Packaging
10. 产品推广:Product Promotion
此外,还有一些与产品相关的常用商务英语短语和表达,例如:
1. 产品特点:Product Features
2. 产品演示:Product Demo
3. 产品规格:Product Specifications
4. 产品目录:Product Catalog
5. 产品改进:Product Improvement
6. 产品升级:Product Upgrade
7. 产品定制:Product Customization
8. 产品发布:Product Launch
9. 产品收益:Product Revenue
10. 产品成本:Product Costs
以上内容仅供参考,建议查阅相关英语词典或咨询英语专业人士,以获取更全面准确的信息。

PM、RD、QA、OP、CM、EPG英文缩写是什么意思?

PM、RD、QA、OP、CM、EPG英文缩写是什么意思?

PM、RD、QA、OP、CM、EPG英⽂缩写是什么意思?1、PM: Product Manager,产品经理,⼜称品牌经理。

举凡产品从创意到上市,所有相关的研发、调研、⽣产、编预算、⼴告、促销活动等等,都由产品经理掌控。

2、RD: Research and Development engineer,,对某种不存在的事物进⾏系统的研究和开发并具有⼀定经验的专业⼯作者,或者对已经存在的事物进⾏改进以达到优化⽬的的专业⼯作者。

3、QA: Quality Assurance,品质保证。

QA的主要职责就是质量保证⼯作。

4、OP: Operator,操作员,管理员。

5、CM: Configuration Management 配置管理,配置管理(Configuration Management,CM)是通过技术或⾏政⼿段对软件产品及其开发过程和⽣命周期进⾏控制、规范的⼀系列措施。

配置管理的⽬标是记录软件产品的演化过程,确保软件开发者在软件⽣命周期中各个阶段都能得到精确的产品配置。

6、EPG:过程改进⼩组,是指决策层⾯的LEADER组成的委员会,它对项⽬的⽬标产⽣影响,但⼜不是具体执⾏⼈员.它是由与项⽬相关的不同部门组成的⼩组。

向左转|向右转扩展资料:1、PM(Project Manager),项⽬主管或项⽬经理,主要负责统筹规划项⽬进度及产品⽣命,其⼯作职能直接对公司⾼层负责。

作为项⽬的管理者,PM通常会参与到⼀个或多个项⽬的管理与决策⼯作中。

2、RD,模拟、数字,⾼频、低频,软件、硬件,模具、结构,甚⾄⽂字功底也必不可少,因为撰写产品使⽤⼿册、⼯艺指导书等等也可看出⼀个⼈的专业⽔准。

要具备完善的知识体系,因此,全⾯的知识架构对于迅速完成产品开发任务⾮常重要,复合型⼈才更为难得。

3、QA(QUALITY ASSURANCE,中⽂意思是“质量保证”,“为了提供⾜够的信任表明实体能够满⾜质量要求,⽽在质量管理体系中实施并根据需要进⾏证实的全部有计划和有系统的活动”。

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S2
- Minor freshening w/ c/o engine/ trans, moderate calibration
S1
- Trim w/ c/o P/T, minor calibration
<SI> - Strategic Intent <SC> - Strategic Confirmation <PH> - Proportions & Hardpoints <PA> - Program Approval <ST> - Surface Transfer <PT> - P/T design complete
The Most Exclusive
Club
Superior Global Service
Speed and Convenience Competitive Prices
Elegant Sensuous Original
w/ Refined Power
American Luxury
Safety “For Life”
Why Brand Marketing?
Proliferation of product choices in the market
Increasing number of products with similar quality and performance Product-based competitive advantages are shortlived Consumers are looking for ways to simplify choices Globalization and Powerful Global Brands
Consumer wants a car whose operating cost, not its initial price, is low
Consumer expects good service from the dealer
Consumer buys the car and receives a complimentary U.S. road atlas
FPDS - Ford Product Development System
SI SC PH PA ST PR CP CC LR LS Job#1
S6/S5
41
S4/S3
32
S2
24
S1
18
36
33.5
30
25.5
19
14.5
8
30
30
25
25
18
14
8
22
22
20
20
13
10
61616Fra bibliotek1414
11
Consumer wants to be seen by friends as a valueoriented savvy consumer
Source: Kotler, Philip; Marketing Management
Consumer Insight
The Key to Product “Hits”
<PR> - Product readiness <CP> - Confirmation Prototype <CC> - Change cut-off <LR> - Launch Readiness <LS> - Launch sign-off <J1> - Job#1 Achieved
What Makes a Strong Brand?
产品策略及品牌管理英文
Agenda
Ford Motor Company Product Planning Process Why brand marketing? Consumer Insight
Integrate Brand Marketing Into Business Case Study – Product Planning Summary and Q&A
Consumer Immersion
• Consumer Insight Experience
• Consumer Immersions
• Ethnographics
8
Brand/Product Perception
• Brand Personality
You Need To “Listen With Your Eyes”
Segmentation Trends
Tools
Analysis
• Needs-Based Segmentation
• Attitudinal Segmentation
• Generational Cohorts
• Futures Research
Consumer Insight Provides Basis for Consistently Delighting Consumer
Types of Needs Stated Real
Unstated Delight
Secret
Example
Consumer wants an inexpensive car
DELIGHT
Trustworthy, Expert Convenient, Flexible
Innovative
Reliable; Convenient
Service
Revised 3/29 Contact: GSCOTT12
Premier Automotive Group
Stylish Spirited Insightful
8
5
4.5
3.25
0
4.5
3.25
0
3.5
2.25
0
3.5
2.25
0
S6/S5 - All new vehicles with major engine, P/T upgrade, 1st use emission
S4/ S3 - New exterior w/ c/o lower structre, minor engine/ trans, new calib/ major emissions
Brand Strategy Creates Differentiation and Synergies Among Our Brands
TRUST
Ingenious…Caring
+
LOVE +
Genuine Progressive
Smart
Innovative Expressive Individualistic
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