基于单片机的炉温温度控制系统设计

摘要

在工业生产过程中，往往需要对各类加热炉、热处理炉、反应炉的温度进行检测和调节，因此需要一种合适的系统对其温度进行精确控制。由于单片机具有低功耗、高性能、可靠性好、易于产品化等特点，因此采用单片机对温度进行控制不仅节约成本，控制方法灵活多样，并且可以达到较高的控制精度，从而能够大大提高产品的质量，因此单片机被广泛应用在中小型控制系统中。

自动控制技术尤其是温度控制技术在国内外得到广泛的应用和发展。时滞效应始终困扰着其实际应用，为此人们发明了多种控制方法来解决时滞问题，例如比例控制方式、DDC控制方式。本文将针对一种温度控制方式进行学习，并设计一个以AT89S52单片机为核心、利用新型集成化智能1-Wire总线数字温度传感器DS18B20实现的温度采集控制系统，同时还阐述了直接数字控制（DDC）控制算法。

本系统按照模块化程序设计思想，完成了对系统软件部分的设计，给出了各个功能模块的设计思想和流程图。温度采集控制系统不但能够准确地进行温度数据的采样转换，稳定进行升温、恒温的控制过程，而且可以记录温度—时间对应关系，并以现今广泛使用的液晶显示器作为输出设备，使数据读取更加直观。现场仿真表明，该系统在测试过程中工作稳定，满足设计要求。

本设计采用以8位AT89S52单片机作为系统的CPU。使用电加热器升温，配合键盘输入，液晶显示器显示。具有硬件结构简单、人机界面友善、管理功能健全、系统可靠性高、记录数据准确、使用维护方便等优点。

关键字：温度采集系统；单片机；DS18B20；温度控制

The Design of Furnace Temperature Control System Based on

Single Chip Microcomputer

Abstract

In the industrial production process, often require various types of furnace, heat treatment furnace, reactor temperature detection and regulation, so it needs a proper system of precise control of its temperature. as low power consumption single chip, high performance, reliability, easy-to-market commodity and so on, so to control the temperature using SCM not only save on cost, control method of flexible and diverse, and can achieve higher precision, which can greatly enhance the quality of the product, so SCM is widely used in the Small control system.

The automatic control technique is a temperature particularly controls technique at domestic and international get the extensive application with develop. Time postpone effect perplex always in fact on the occasion of applied, for this person invents various controls method to resolve the problem of Time postpone. This paper introduces a design of temperature data acquisition system based on single-chip AT89S52. The system collects temperature data through 1-Wire Digital Thermometer DS18B20, and the control algorithm of DDC parameters is presented.

This system according to mold a design for turning procedure design toughing, completing to system software part of designs, giving each function mold piece thought with flow chart. A function temperature control system can proceed accurately the data adopts the kind converts, stabilizing the proceeding heat, the control process of the constant temperature, and can satisfy completely to the request of the system accuracy. and can show them to the operators by the way of the Liquid Crystal Display. This system used the present the usage the LCD and actions output equipments, make data kept the view more. The results of the simulation show that the system works stably and meets the expected design requirements.

The temperature data acquisition and control system adoption with 8 bit AT89S52 single a machine for system CPU. The usage electricity heating apparatus heats, matching with the keyboard importation, displays with the LCD. It has simple structure, high system reliability, and the data recorded are reliable and the operation and maintenance are convenient.

Key words: temperature data acquisition system; single-chip; DS18B20; temperature control