补充语法1 英语主要基本句型

英语的五个基本句型

英语5个基本句型划分的依据

英语句子是以动词为其核心，英语句型的划分也是按照动词的类型来划分的。

1. 不及物动词（intransitive verb），后面没有强制性成分；

2. 系动词（linking verb)，后面跟随主补；

3. 单宾动词（monotransitive verb ), 后面必须跟随一个直接宾语；

4. 双宾动词(ditransitive verb), 后面有两个不同的宾语，一个直接宾语，一个间接宾语；

5. 复宾动词（complex-transitive verb),其宾语后面再跟随宾补。

英语的5个基本句型

英语句型一：SV=subject + intransitive verb(主语+不及物动词）

After the storm, a rainbow appeared in the sky.

Three students died in the car accident.

The old man is sleeping by the fire.

英语句型二；SVC= subject+linking verb +subject complement(主语+系动词+主补）He felt a little worried.

They all kept silent about this question.

I'll always remain your good friend.

英语中的系动词有90个，使用频率最高的是Be动词，除此以外还有：sound，feel, taste, smell, look, appear, become, come , fall, get, go, grow, keep, leave, make, rest, run, seem , stay, turn等，

英语句型三：SVO=subject+ monotransitive +direct object(主语+单宾动词+直接宾语) He never did the unexpected.

May I suggested that you take an umbrella?

He left there last week.

英语句型四：SVoO=subject +ditransitive verb+ indirect object +direct object (主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)

I'll get you something to drink.

How dare you ask me such a question?

They charged me $40 for the room.

英语句型五：SVOC=subject +complex-transitive verb + object+object complement(主语+复宾动词+宾语+宾补）

I found the book interesting .

They treated her sister as if she were only a servant.

He acknowledged himself defeated.

练习：

1.请判断下列句子的句型。

1.Her first job had been selling computers. 主+系+表

2.A puppy is naturally affectionate and excitable. 主+系+表

3.The children was laughing. 主+谓

4. The nursery takes good care of our children. 主+谓+宾

5. He said , "You're quite wrong." 主+谓+宾

6.He never made me such excuses. 主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语

7.I found him a place. 主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语

8.They named the child Jimmy. 主+谓+宾+宾补

9.I felt the house shaking. 主+谓+宾+宾补

10.The cold kept me in bed for three days. 主+谓+宾+宾补

选择题

1. They are _________ a happy and ________ life now.

A. leading, peacefully

B. leading, peaceful

C. leaded, peaceful

D. leaded, peacefully

解析：他们过上了平静的生活。第一个空缺乏谓语动词的现在进行时，所以填leading；第二个空紧接着and，应该是与happy的词性相同的形容词，所以填peaceful。

2.This new pen _________very smoothly.

A. write

B. writes

C. writing

D. written

解析；这支新钢笔写起来很流畅。本句缺乏谓语，且本句主语为第三人称单数，所以填写writes。

3. The soldier died a heroic ___________.

A. dead

B. die

C. death

D. dying

解析：那个士兵光荣地牺牲了。本句主语和谓语都有，缺乏宾语，所以应该填写名词词性的宾语，所以填写death。

4.The course of life is like the sea, men _________, tides _____________, and that is all of history.

A. come and go, rise and fall

B. comes and goes, rise and fall

C. come and go, rises and falls

D. come and goes, rise and falls.

解析：人的一生如同大海；人来又人往，潮涨又潮落，构成了全部历史。本句是一个时态为现在时的复合句，从句有主语，但缺乏谓语，且主语都是复数形式，所以应该填写动词原形。

5. You place ___________ in a difficult position.

A. me

B. my

C. our

D. ours

解析：你使我陷于困境。本句缺乏宾语，所以从选项中可知只有me是宾格。

6. The leaves ________red, orange and yellow in the autumn air.

A. looks

B. turn

C. be

D. found

解析：树叶在秋季变成了红，橙，黄几种颜色。本句子是主系表结构，句子中的主语是复数，所以动词应该是原形，且表示"变成”的含义，所以选“turn”。

7. Shall I ask the interviewer _________?

A. in

B. do

C. come

D. right

解析：我可以叫面试官进来了吗？本句是主谓宾宾补的结构，而需要填写宾语的补语，由句义可知，需要表达“进来”的意思，而选项中做副词用的“in”可以充当宾补，所以选择in。

8. I can hear someone ______________ next door.

A. playing the violin

B. played the violin

C. plays the violin

D. played the piano

解析：我听见有人在隔壁拉小提琴。本句中主谓宾都在空格的前面出现，所以空格处需要填写的是对someone有补充说明的词，又有hear somebody doing something的表达，所以填写playing做宾补，补充说明someone。