中国医科大学2015年1月考试《英语1》考查课试题答案

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中国医科大学《大学英语1》在线作业 及答案

中国医科大学《大学英语1》在线作业 及答案

中国医科大学《大学英语1》在线作业试卷总分:100 测试时间:--单选题一、单选题(共50 道试题,共100 分。

)V1. Equipment should be tested and maintained for proper operation on a regular().A. baseB. groundC. basisD. field满分:2 分2. — (). —I’m terribly busy these days.A. How do you do?B. How old are you?C. How are things with you, Jimmy?D. Where are you from?满分:2 分3. The weather turned out to be very good, () was more than I had expected.A. of whichB. whichC. thatD. in which满分:2 分4. Canada is larger than () country in Asia.A. anyB. any otherC. otherD. another满分:2 分5. He is a man of great experience, () much can be learned.A. whoB. thatC. from whichD. from whom满分:2 分6. — ()!— Congratulations on your promotion!A. I'm engagedB. It's a boyC. I got promotedD. Thank you for your support满分:2 分7. — Shall I give you a ride as you look so tired?— Thank you. ().A. It’s your duty.B. Don’t mention itC. Do as you likeD. It couldn’t be better满分:2 分8. — Would you like to go to the concert with us this evening?— ().A. No, I already have plans.B. I’m ill, so I shouldn’t go out.C. No, I really don’t like being with you.D. I’d love t o, but I am busy tonight.满分:2 分9. He wandered () the countryside.A. ofB. aboutC. throughD. from满分:2 分10. Equipment should be tested and maintained for proper operation on a regular().A. baseB. groundC. basisD. field满分:2 分11. The television station apologized for the interference, which was () bad weather conditions.A. becauseB. due toC. in thatD. regardless of满分:2 分12. He felt more uneasy with the whole class () at him.A. staringB. stareC. staredD. stares满分:2 分13. — Shall I give you a ride as you look so tired?— Thank you. ().A. It’s your duty.B. Don’t mention itC. Do as you likeD. It couldn’t be better满分:2 分14. It depends on () they will reach an agreement.A. /B. ifC. whetherD. what满分:2 分15. — Congratulations on passing the college entrance examination. — ().A. Good jobB. Thank youC. Very wellD. Not too bad满分:2 分16. I () basketball with my friends next month.A. will playB. playedC. playD. playing满分:2 分17. () this kind of question often () in your class, Alex?A. Does, askB. Is, askedC. Has, askedD. Will, asked满分:2 分18. If I () time, I () certainly go to the movies with you.A. had…wouldB. have…shouldC. have…wouldD. had…will满分:2 分19. To do that, they need her to be () and responsive through the beginning of the operation process.A. convenientB. conscientiousC. consciousD. conventional满分:2 分20. —I’m wondering if you could give me some advice about my project.— ().A. I’d rather sit here if you don’t mind.B. I think it might be a good idea to do some research first.C. Certainly, why not?D. Yes, I like these two places.满分:2 分21. I () waste time when I was studying.A. was used toB. used toC. will use toD. use to满分:2 分22. The television station apologized for the interference, which was () bad weather conditions.A. becauseB. due toC. in thatD. regardless of满分:2 分23. If I had known my life was going to () like this, I would have let them help me.A. turn inB. turn upC. turn onD. turn out满分:2 分24. Thanks () the English language,we can learn a lot from other countries.A. forB. toC. ofD. with满分:2 分25. — Excuse me. Could you please tell me how to get to the station? — Turn left at the first light. You can't () it.A. findB. catchC. missD. forget满分:2 分26. They all went to the museum, () I didn’t.A. forB. butC. orD. so满分:2 分27. It is suggested that pregnant women should eat more fruits that are rich () vitamins.A. onB. ofC. inD. with满分:2 分28. () we see you again next year?A. AreB. DoC. WillD. Did满分:2 分29. Only w hen one is () of one’s getting behind is one more likely to catch up.A. feasibleB. awareC. sensitiveD. critical满分:2 分30. — I am leaving for Harbin tomorrow. Do you want to go with me?— ().A. Have a good time.B. Thank you. I’d love to.C. I have no idea.D. Not at all.满分:2 分31. We know that we stand on others’ shoulder and () we make progress.A. inch by inchB. hand in handC. face to faceD. side by side满分:2 分32. Their talks are expected to focus () arms control.A. onB. withC. overD. in满分:2 分33. —Hi, Joe. Haven’t seen you for ages! How's everything going? — ().A. Just so-so.B. Me, too.C. You are welcome.D. Oh, my God.满分:2 分34. —I’m leaving for London tomorrow, Joss. — ().A. Take your time.B. That’s it.C. All the best!D. It doesn’t matter.满分:2 分35. The windows of the room () once a week.A. has been cleanedB. is cleanedC. are cleanedD. are cleaning满分:2 分36. — Excuse me. Could you please tell me how to get to the station? — Turn left at the first light. You can't () it.A. findB. catchC. missD. forget满分:2 分37. — Will it () long to get there? — No. It's not far at all.A. take meB. come meC. stay meD. go me满分:2 分38. I () waste time when I was studying.A. was used toB. used toC. will use toD. use to满分:2 分39. —I am sorry I have the wrong number.—()A. You are so careless.B. You are so considerate.C. It doesn’t matter.D. What is wrong?满分:2 分40. They will certainly need to () plenty of water.A. take upB. take outC. take downD. take in满分:2 分41. It is very important () a foreign language.A. to learnB. to have learnedC. learnD. being learning满分:2 分42. The horse is getting old and can’t run () it did.A. as faster asB. so fast thanC. so faster asD. as fast as满分:2 分43. I will never recommend () a very low-calorie diet alone.A. eatB. ateC. eatenD. eating满分:2 分44. Stop cutting trees, () the earth will become worse and worse.A. andB. howeverC. butD. or满分:2 分45. I don’t know () he will join us or not.A. ifB. whichC. thatD. when满分:2 分46. Professor Thomas, this is Miss Rita Smith.— ().A. My pleasureB. That’s OKC. Very niceD. Nice to meet you满分:2 分47. — I am leaving for Harbin tomorrow. Do you want to go with me?— ().A. Have a good time.B. Thank you. I’d love to.C. I have no idea.D. Not at all.满分:2 分48. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced () cars in 2012 as the year before.A. as twice manyB. as many twicetwice as manyC.D. twice many as满分:2 分49. — Good morning, Bob. How are you doing? — ().A. Hello.B. Good evening.C. Not too bad. And you?D. How do you do?满分:2 分50. — We get knowledge () from books () from life.— Yes, both are important.A. either;orB. neither;norC. not only;but alsoD. not;but满分:2 分。

2015考研英语一真题及答案

2015考研英语一真题及答案

“ functional Kinship
” of being friends1w4ith!
One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes to be evolution 15 than
other genes. Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000
While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical
genetics at UC San Diego, says, “ mostpeople do not even 7 their fourth cousins but
somehow manage to select as friends the 8 our kin. ”
The study 9 found that the genes for small were something shared in friends but not genes
for immunity. Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,
1、 [A]what 2、 [A]defended 3、 [A]for 4、 [A]separated 5 、 [A]tests 6、 [A]Insignificant 7、 [A]visit 8、 [A]surpass 9、 [A]again 10、 [A] Meanwhile

2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析

2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析

2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题及答案详细解析Section I Use of English :Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。

(10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related" as fourth cousins, sharing about 1%of genes。

That is _(1)_a study,published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,has__(2)_。

The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1%may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist。

As James Fowler,professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego,says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity 。

2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析

2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析

2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题及答案详细解析Section I Use of English :Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar frien ds_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.” But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’ continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today –embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her ratherordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service – as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D]ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsText 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The co urt would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contentsof a smart phone — a vast storehouse of digital information — is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse. The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fo urth Amendment when they sift through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smart phone is more like entering his or her home. A smart phone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.As so often is the case, stating that principle do esn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices sho uld not swallow California’s argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme Court will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[B] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant.[C] check suspects’ phone contents without bei ng authorized.[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A] disapproval.[B] indifference.[C] tolerance.[D]cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone contents is comparable to[A] getting into one’s residence.[B] handling one’s historical records.[C] scanning one’s correspondences.[D] going through one’s wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] citizens’ privacy is not effectively protected.[D] phones are used to store sensitive information.30. Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indica te that[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.[C]California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution.[D]principles of the Constitution should never be alteredText 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors(SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the applicat ion of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoR E group. He says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome st ep forward” and “long overdue.” “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he say s. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statisticall y literate and editors who can verify the process”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”.31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that[A] Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32. The phrase “flagged up” (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to[A] found.[B] marked.[C] revised.[D] stored.33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A] pose a threat to all its peers.[B] meet with strong opposition.[C] increase Science’s circulation.[D]set an example for other journals.34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now[A] adds to researchers’ workload.[B] diminishes the role of reviewers.[C] has room for further improvement.[D]is to fail in the foreseeable future35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ Desks[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter ,Elisabeth ,spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our instituti ons” Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism ”in society should be profit and the market .But “it’s us ,human beings ,we the people who create the society we want ,not profit ”.Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous foals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was w ounding companies such as News International ,shield thought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .As the hacking trial concludes –finding guilty ones-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones ,and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge –the winder issue of dearth of integrity still standstill, Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people .This is hacking on an industrial scale ,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place .One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world, title has become normal that well—paid executives should not beaccountable for what happens in the organizations that they run perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business–friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by[A] the consequences of the current sorting mechanism[B] companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices.[C] governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.[D]the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that[A] Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime[B] more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.[C] Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.[D] phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes the Rebekah Books’s deference[A] revealed a cunning personality[B] centered on trivial issues[C] was hardly convincing[D] was part of a conspiracy39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows[A] generally distorted values[B] unfair wealth distribution[C] a marginalized lifestyle[D] a rigid moral cote40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[A] The quality of writing is of primary importance.[B] Common humanity is central news reporting.[C] Moral awareness matters in exciting a newspaper.[D] Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawingon your explicit knowledge of English grammar (41) ______you begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just passive assimilation but of active engagement inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and cues (42) _______Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or “true” meaning that can be read off and clocked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. (43) _______ Such background material inevit ably reflects who we are, (44) _______This doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it. (45)_______such dimensions of read suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C] If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the contest. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D]In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E]You make further inferences, for instance, about how the test may be significant to you, or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.[F]In plays,novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.[G]Rather, we ascribe meanings to test on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America.46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and 16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.“To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief.” said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as s weet as a new-blown garden.” The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.Section IV WritingPart A51. Directions:You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)手机时代的聚会参考答案及详细解析I cloze1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what【答案】[D] what【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。

中国医科大学2015年1月考试《英语1》考查课试题

中国医科大学2015年1月考试《英语1》考查课试题
A. can barely not
B. can not barely
C. could barely not
D. can barely
正确答案:D
4. - ___ are you going? -I am going to school.
A. Where
B. What
C. When
D. How
正确答案:A
正确答案:A
2. Even on Sundays, fewer people go to____ church than before.
A. the
B. a
C. /
D. an
正确答案:C
3. Educators report that the generation growing up with television __________ write an English sentence.
D. physical
正确答案:B
22. The manager spent three hours __________ to Sam yesterday morning.
5. One of the sailors found it necessary to ____ the captain ____ the nearest island by radio.
A. declare … to contact
B. propose … contact
C. insist … to contact
14. The proposal was not well thought out## ____, it was too expensive.
A. previously

2015考研英语真题:英语一真题完整版+答案

2015考研英语真题:英语一真题完整版+答案

2015考研英语真题:英语一真题完整版+答案考研英语一直是众多考生关注的重点科目,而真题则是备考过程中最为重要的资料之一。

2015 年的考研英语一真题涵盖了丰富的知识点和多样的题型,对于考生全面了解考研英语的命题规律和提升自身能力具有重要的参考价值。

在完形填空部分,题目主要考查了考生对词汇、语法和上下文逻辑关系的理解和运用能力。

其中,一些词汇的辨析和固定搭配的考查较为常见。

例如,对于近义词的区分,需要考生准确把握其细微的语义差别和使用语境。

同时,语法知识的考查也贯穿其中,如时态、语态、从句等。

阅读理解部分一如既往地占据了较大的比重。

文章的题材广泛,包括科技、文化、社会等多个领域。

这要求考生具备较广泛的知识面和快速理解不同类型文章的能力。

在问题设置上,既有对文章细节的考查,也有对主旨大意、作者观点态度的把握。

考生需要学会快速定位关键信息,并进行准确的推理和判断。

新题型部分,考查了考生对文章结构和逻辑连贯性的理解。

这部分题型相对灵活,需要考生具备较强的分析和整合能力,能够理清文章的脉络,准确地完成填空或排序任务。

翻译部分则是对考生语言综合运用能力的深度检验。

不仅要准确理解原文的含义,还要用通顺、流畅的中文表达出来。

一些长难句的翻译是这部分的难点,需要考生熟练掌握各种翻译技巧和方法。

作文方面,小作文通常是应用性的文体,如书信、通知等。

要求考生格式正确、语言得体、表达清晰。

大作文则多为看图写作或话题写作,旨在考查考生的观点阐述能力、语言组织能力和逻辑思维能力。

以下是 2015 年考研英语一真题的答案:完形填空:1、 A2、 B3、 C4、 D5、 B6、 A7、 C8、 D9、 B 10、A 11、 C 12、 D 13、 A 14、 C 15、B 16、 D 17、 B 18、C 19、A 20、 D阅读理解:Text 121、 A 22、 D 23、 B 24、 C 25、 AText 226、 B 27、 A 28、 C 29、 D 30、 CText 331、 B 32、 C 33、 D 34、 A 35、 CText 436、 B 37、 C 38、 A 39、 D 40、 A新题型:41、 C 42、 F 43、 G 44、 D 45、 B翻译:46、想想社会的不同部分是如何相互关联的,这是很有趣的。

2015全国卷1英语答案

2015全国卷1英语答案

D篇.文章大意:文章主要讲述了精神咖啡馆在法国越来越受欢迎。

32.D 解析:根据文章第一段第三句可知在La Chope咖啡馆鼓励人们表达他们真正的情感。

故选D。

33.B 解析:根据文章第二段第四句咖啡馆通过更长的工作时间、增加快餐等改变法国人的生活。

故选B。

34.D 解析:根据文章最后一段可知更多的法国人需要这样的咖啡馆,故选D项。

35.B 解析:根据文章最后一段第一句话可知心理咖啡馆在巴黎受欢迎的原因在于他们给予人们精神上的支持。

故选B。

文章大意:文章主要讲述了一旦失去了信任,如何再次建立信任。

36. D 根据后句Trust is a risk.(信任是一种冒险)可知信任是不可以期望得到最好的回报。

故选D。

37. E 根据前句Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.可知他们受到严重的伤害且不能忍受再次发生。

故选E。

38. A 根据后句可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。

故选A。

39. C 根据后面可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。

故选C。

40. G 根据前一句和后一句可知既要看到事情的积极面,也不要忽视所发生的事情。

故选G。

文章大意:文章讲述了在周末作者带孩子们去超市,在路上看到一个需要帮助的人。

在超市里作者和孩子买了许多东西给这个需要帮助的人的故事。

41.A。

短语lose one’s job失业。

在路上,我们注意到一个男人握着一张纸,纸上写到:“失业,需要养家。

”故选A。

42.C。

sight这里指“场景”。

在这家商店,像这样的场景并不正常。

故选C。

43.B。

make a comment on对……发表看法。

我10岁的孩子注意到他,并评论说他一定很糟糕。

故选B。

44.A。

根据常识可知是站在外面,故用outside。

故选A。

45.D。

pick挑选。

在商店里,我要求每一个孩子挑选一些他们认为我们“朋友”可能会需要的东西。

故选D。

46 B。

supply提供。

2015英语一答案

2015英语一答案
2015年英语(一)试题参考答案 Section I Use of English
1.A. what 2.B. concluded 3.D. on 4.C. compared 5.C. samples 6.A. insignificant 7.C. know 8.D. resemble 9.B. also 10.D. Perhaps 11.B. to 12.D. drive 13.B. rather than 14.C. benefits 15.A. faster 16.D. understand 17.B. contributory 18.A. tendency 19.C. ethnic 20.A. see
Part B
41. C. If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.
42. E. You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.

中国医科大学《大学英语1》在线作业满分答案

中国医科大学《大学英语1》在线作业满分答案

中国医科大学《大学英语1》在线作业试卷得分:100一、单选题1. A:What TV programmes do you like? B: I ( )London Lives.A. like watchingB. like to watchingC. like watch正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:22. A:I'm keen on football. B: So ( )I.A. haveB. doC. am正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:23. But I ( ) weight if I don't exercise.A. put upB. put onC. put with正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:24. A:Hello. I'm David Manning. Nice to meet you. B: ( ).A. I'm nice, tooB. Fine, thank youC. Nice to meet you too. I'm Xiaoyan正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:25. What is your job? I'm ( )accountant.A. aB. anC. /正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:26. Hello, ( )Franco Rossi speaking. Can I speak to Polly Williams?A. this isB. he isC. I am正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:27. The Business Banking Department is on ( )second floor.A. /B. anC. the正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:28. A: I have a light breakfast early in the morning. B:( ).A. So have IB. Me tooC. So am I正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:29. A:Could you ring them up please? I'm sometimes quite nervous on the phone. B:( ).A. Are you? I am fine.B. Yes, why don't you call them?C. Yes, of course. I will phone them for you.正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:210. A:What does your mother do? B:( ).A. She does shopping once a weekB. She tells stories to my daughter every eveningC. She is a clerk in a bank正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:211. A:So, do you like the cinema near Hyde Park? B:Yes, I ( ) it.A. loveB. am lovingC. loves正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:212. Mr Green is now ( ) a holiday.A. inB. withC. on正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:213. A:I don't get up late on Sundays. B:( ).A. Neither have IB. Neither am IC. Neither do I正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:214. A: ( )is David from? B:I think he's an American. But I'm not sure.A. WhereB. WhatC. How正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:215. A: I haven't got a car. B: ( ).A. Neither have IB. Neither do IC. Neither am I正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:216. What is your job? I am ( )information technology manager.A. anB. aC. /正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:217. A:Hello, Linda, how are you? B:( ).A. Very good. Are you good?B. Very well, thank you. And you?C. Hello, Rose, how do you do?正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:218. A:What do you do? B: ( ).A. I am washing the dishes nowB. I am a policemanC. I do my homework正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:219. A: ( ) will the meal take? B:It'll take two hours, I think.A. How longB. How manyC. How much正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:220. A:What does your mother do? B:( ).A. She does shopping once a weekB. She tells stories to my daughter every eveningC. She is a clerk in a bank正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:221. John: Paul, this is Mr Smith, my landlord. Paul: I'm pleased to meet you. Mr Smith: ( ).A. Good morning, Paul.B. Very pleased to meet you, too.C. I'm fine, too.正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:222. A: ( )is David from? B:I think he's an American. But I'm not sure.A. WhereB. WhatC. How正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:223. It often ( ) in winter in the north of China.A. snowB. is snowingC. snows正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:224. This is my new watch. It was a present ( )my wife.A. atB. toC. from正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:225. A:I don't get up late on Sundays. B:( ).A. Neither have IB. Neither am IC. Neither do I正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:226. A:What does your mother do? B:( ).A. She does shopping once a weekB. She tells stories to my daughter every eveningC. She is a clerk in a bank正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:227. I am ( ) engineer.A. aB. anC. /正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:228. A:Are there two men in the room? B:( )__.A. No, there are oneB. No, there's only oneC. Yes, there is one正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:229. A:Hello. I'm David Manning. Nice to meet you. B: ( ).A. I'm nice, tooB. Fine, thank youC. Nice to meet you too. I'm Xiaoyan正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:230. A:So, do you like the cinema near Hyde Park? B:Yes, I ( ) it.A. loveB. am lovingC. loves正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:231. A: I saw Tom just now at the café B:It ( )be him. He went to U.S.A. yesterday.A. mustn'tB. can'tC. shouldn't正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:232. He ( )in travelling.A. is interestedB. interestedC. interests正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:233. A:The chair is not comfortable enough. B:Yes, I agree. It is ( ).A. to be not comfortableB. too uncomfortableC. no comfortable正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:234. He is a good student. He( )hard.A. workB. worksC. does works正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:235. David ( ) on a new database at the moment.A. currently workB. is currently workingC. currently working正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:236. My uncle ( )in the IT Department. But now he ( ) on a plan for the marketing department.A. works, is workingB. work, is workingC. is working, works正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:237. The news is not new at all. It is ( ).A. noB. quite oldC. enough old正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:238. What's the weather ( )this winter?A. likeB. inC. be正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:239. A:Where is David? B:He is having lunch in ( ) Chinese restaurant on ( ) seventh floor.A. a, aB. an, theC. the, the正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:240. A:Hello. I'm David Manning. Nice to meet you. B: ( ).A. I'm nice, tooB. Fine, thank youC. Nice to meet you too. I'm Xiaoyan正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:241. A:What TV programmes do you like? B: I ( )London Lives.A. like watchingB. like to watchingC. like watch正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:242. A:The shower isn't working. B: ( ).A. I come to call the plumberB. I'll call the plumberC. I like calling the plumber正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:243. A:( ), Polly? B:I'd like a glass of wine, thank you.A. Do you wantB. What would you likeC. What you like正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:244. My father ( ) for an important phone call at the moment. He can't go to have lunch with you,I am afraid.A. waitB. waitingC. is waiting正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:245. I'm bad at spelling, but Jane is ( ) me.A. bad withB. worse thanC. less than正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:246. John: Paul, this is Mr Smith, my landlord. Paul: I'm pleased to meet you. Mr Smith: ( ).A. Good morning, Paul.B. Very pleased to meet you, too.C. I'm fine, too.正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:247. ( ) a coffee machine in the room?A. Are thereB. Is thereC. Have there正确答案:B 满分:2 分得分:248. London is ( ) capital of Britain, and it is ( )_ great city, too.A. a, theB. the, /C. the, a正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:249. My father ( ) for an important phone call at the moment. He can't go to have lunch with you,I am afraid.A. waitB. waitingC. is waiting正确答案:C 满分:2 分得分:250. A: ( )? B:Yes, I do. My mother and father live in Oxford.A. Do you have any familyB. Where are your father and motherC. Have you any family正确答案:A 满分:2 分得分:2。

2015_全国卷1英语_及答案解析

2015_全国卷1英语_及答案解析

2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)英语第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C. £9.15答案是C。

1.What time is it now?A.9:10B.9:50C. 10:002.What does the woman think of the weather?A.It’s nice.B. It’s warmC. It’s cold3.What will the man do?A.Attend a meetingB. Give a lectureC. Leave his office4.What is the woman’s opinion about the course?A. Too hardB. Worth takingC. Very easy5.What does the woman want the man to do?A.Speak louderB. Apologize to herC. Turn off the radio第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟。

听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。

每段对话读两遍。

听第6段材料.回答第6. 7题。

6.How long did Michael stay in China?A. Five daysB. One weekC. Two weeks7. Where did Michael go last year?A. Russia.B. NorwayC. India听第7段材料.回答第8、9题。

2015英语(一)真题及答案

2015英语(一)真题及答案

【真题解析】2015考研真题及解析(英语一)Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as ―related‖ as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, ―Most people do not even _(7)_their fourt h cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.‖The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there ismore_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_‖functional Kinship‖ of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people‘s_(18)_to befriend those ofsimilar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what【答案】[D] what【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。

2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析

2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析

2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题及答案详细解析Section I Use of English :Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which__(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used inboth_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medicalgenetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehowmanage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genesfor immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,asthe team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could bemany mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similarfriends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to beevolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pacein the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those ofsimilar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from apopulation of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers,were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.”But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-electionshave forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest thatmonarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals,with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When publicopinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs canrise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’ continuingpopularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infestedregion in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike theirabsolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allowvoters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity asthey claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today –embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and othereconomists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it isbizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democraticstates.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways.Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, theseare wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes itincreasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time tocome, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her ratherordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both anexpensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understandthat monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service – as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, notrepublicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D]ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats’ exces sive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsText 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court willnow consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if thephone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling particularly one thatupsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at thetime of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new andrapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed C alifornia’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provide updatedguidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contentsof a smart phone — a vast storehouse of digital information —is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse. The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they sift through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smart phone is more like entering his or her home. A smart phone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence.The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitiveinformation on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have aright to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibitio on unreasonable searches.As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing.In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search throughphone contents. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe,urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are noterased or altered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for policeto cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices should not swallow California’s argument whole. New, disruptivetechnology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, alaw professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st centurywith the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices hadto specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort outhow the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme Court will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[B] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant.[C] check suspects’ phone contents without being authorized.[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A] disapproval.[B] indifference.[C] tolerance.[D]cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone contents is comparable to[A] getting into one’s residence.[B] handling one’s historical records.[C] scanning one’s correspondences.[D] going through one’s wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] citizens’ privacy is no t effectively protected.[D] phones are used to store sensitive information.30. Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.[C]Ca lifornia’s argument violates principles of the Constitution.[D]principles of the Constitution should never be alteredText 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-reviewprocess, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts fromother journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to theirreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusion s published in our journal,” writesMcNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal hasappointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors(SBoRE). Manuscript will beflagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board ofReviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoREpanel will then find externalstatisticians to review these manuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, M cNutt said: “Thecreation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application ofstatistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increas reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a memberof the SBoRE group. He says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agree to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, uniqueand likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications inScience itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to modeltheir approach after Science.”John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue.”“Most journals are weak in statistical review,and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papersnowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statisticalreview.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errorsare alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist.Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take atougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify theprocess”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticia ns “has some merit, bu weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”.31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that[A] Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32. The phrase “flagged up” (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to[A] found.[B] marked.[C] revised.[D] stored.33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A] pose a threat to all its peers.[B] meet with strong opposition.[C] increase Science’s circulation.[D]set an example for other journals.34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now[A] adds to researchers’ workload.[B] diminishes the role of reviewers.[C] has room for further improvement.[D]is to fail in the foreseeable future35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ Desks[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter ,Elisa beth ,spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions” Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism ”in society should be profit and the market .But “it’s us ,human beings ,we the people who create the society we want ,not profit Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the mostdangerou s foals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International ,shield thought ,making it more likely that it would lose itsway as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .As the hacking trial concludes – finding guilty ones-editor of the News of the World,Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones ,and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks,innocent of the same charge –the winder issue of dearth of integrity still standstill, Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people .This is hacking on an industrial scale ,aswas acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be thepoint person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of suchwidespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place .One of the astonishingrevelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little shethought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived. The core of hersuccessful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world, title has become normal that well—paid executives should not beaccountable for what happens in the organizations that they run perhaps we should not be sosurprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of societyshould be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value,business–friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Wordsdegraded to the margin have been justice fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not topromote reader understandingto be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the questfor circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how herjournalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by[A] the consequences of the current sorting mechanism[B] companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices.[C] governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.[D]the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that[A] Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime[B] more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.[C] Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.[D] phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes the Rebekah Books’s deference[A] revealed a cunning personality[B] centered on trivial issues[C] was hardly convincing[D] was part of a conspiracy39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows[A] generally distorted values[B] unfair wealth distribution[C] a marginalized lifestyle[D] a rigid moral cote40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[A] The quality of writing is of primary importance.[B] Common humanity is central news reporting.[C] Moral awareness matters in exciting a newspaper.[D] Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choosethe most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. Mark youranswers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense ofidentifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawingon your explicit knowledge of English grammar (41) ______you begin to infer a context for thetext, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: who ismaking the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of of comprehension. Butthey show comprehension to consist not just passive assimilation but of active engagementinference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to graspby presenting you with specific evidence and cues (42) _______Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for eachreader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or “true” meaning that ca read off and clocked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. (43) _______Such background material inevitably reflects who we are, (44) _______This doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlappingreadings of the same words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental humanconcerns-debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest inreading it. (45)_______such dimensions of read suggest-as others introduced later in the book willalso do-that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesnthen necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile thananother. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points forand counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overallliteracy or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirementof a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimmingit for information? Ways of readingon a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender ethnicity,age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscureor even close off others.[C] If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using cluespresented in the contest. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make amental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D]In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence,image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E]You make further inferences, for instance, about how the test may be significant toyou, or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which theauthor will inevitably be far less responsible.[F]In plays,novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by theauthor, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.[G]Rather, we ascribe meanings to test on the basis of interaction between what wemight call textual and contextual material: between kinds oforganization or patterning weperceive in a text’s formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds ofbackground, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments intoChinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, atide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America.46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wildernessand, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration ofEuropean peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of anew country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection ofEurope. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots,Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits andtraditions to the new world.48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of thevaried national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways ina raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcelyvisible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society inmany ways, had a character that was distinctly American.49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the UnitedStates crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and 16th-century explorationsof North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, theWest Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifullyovercrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on barely enough foodallotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, andinfants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, andoften calm brought unbearably long delay.“To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressiblerelief.” said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blow n garden.” The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house whichextended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here wasthe raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.Section IV WritingPart A51. Directions:You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 wordsrecommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.shou Do not Part B52. Dir Write a uld1) desc 2) expla 3) give You sho write the add ections:an essay of 1ribe the draw ain its intend your comme ould write ne dress. (10 poi 160-200 word wing brieflyed meaning, entseatly on ANSW ints)ds based on andWER SHEET 手机时代的the followin T. (20 points)的聚会g drawing. In In your essay y you参考答案及详细解析I cloze1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what【答案】[D] what【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。

2015考研英语真题:英语一真题完整版 答案

2015考研英语真题:英语一真题完整版 答案

Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related”as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically simi lar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befri end those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was takento_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] s [C]samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.”But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere”politics and “embody”a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today –embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who partywith the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service – as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D]ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats’excessive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges24. The British royals “have most to fear”because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsTEXT 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Cpurt will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so thatthe justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s l ame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone- a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspect’s purse .The court has ruled that police don't violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or porcketbook, of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history ,financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing.” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.But the justices should not swallow California’s argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] search for suspects’mobile phones without a warrant.[B] check suspects’phone contents without being authorized.[C] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A] tolerance.[B] indifference.[C] disapproval.[D] cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone content is comparable to[A] getting into one’s residence.[B] handing one’s historical records.[C] scanning one’s correspond ences.[D] going through one’s wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] phones are used to store sensitive information.[D] citizens’privacy is not effective protected.30.Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that(A)the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.(C)California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution.(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.Text 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the Am erican Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manu will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manus.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.”He agreed to join because he “foun d the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”31、It can be learned from Paragraph I that[A] Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.[B]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32、The phrase “flagged up ”(Para.2)is the closest in meaning to[A]found.[B]revised.[C]marked[D]stored33、Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A]pose a threat to all its peers[B]meet with strong opposition[C]increase Science’s circulation.[D]set an example for other journals34、David Vaux holds that what Science is doing nowA. adds to researchers’worklosd.B. diminishes the role of reviewers.C. has room for further improvement.D. is to fail in the foreseeable future.35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?A. Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in PapersB. Professional Statisticians Deserve More RespectC. Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’DesksD. Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter ,Elisabeth ,spoke of the “unsettling dearth of inte grity across so many of ourinstitutions”Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism ”in society should be profit and the market .But “it’s us ,human beings ,we the people who create the society we want ,not profit ”.Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous foals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International ,shield thought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .As the hacking trial concludes –finding guilty ones-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones ,and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge –the winder issue of dearth of integrity still standstill, Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people .This is hacking on an industrial scale ,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place .One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world, title has become normal that well—paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business–friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by[A] the consequences of the current sorting mechanism[B] companies’financial loss due to immoral practices.[C] governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.[D]the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that[A] Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime[B] more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.[C] Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.[D] phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes the Rebekah Books’s deference[A] revealed a cunning personality[B] centered on trivial issues[C] was hardly convincing[D] was part of a conspiracy39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows[A] generally distorted values[B] unfair wealth distribution[C] a marginalized lifestyle[D] a rigid moral cote40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[A] The quality of writing is of primary importance.[B] Common humanity is central news reporting.[C] Moral awareness matters in exciting a newspaper.[D] Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirectionsIn the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks .Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them drawing on your implicit knowledge of English grammar.(41)________You begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved. Who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving.You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues.(42)_________Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or "true" meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of text to the world.(43)_________Such background material inevitably reflects who we are.(44)_______This doesn`t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page--including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns--debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it,(45)________Such dimensions of reading suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit(often unacknowledged)agenda to any act of reading. It doesn`t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different minds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy, or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfills the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading ,our gender, ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C] If you unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they willbecome relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D] In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E] You make further inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America. 46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred yearsafter the 15th- and 16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.“To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief.”said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.”The colonist s’first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.Section IV WritingPart A51. Directions:You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)一.Close test1、What2、Concluded3、On4、Compared5、Samples6、Insignificant7、Know8、Resemble9、Also10、Perhaps11、To12、Drive13、Ratherthan14、Benefits15、Faster16、understand17、Contributory18、Tendency19、Ethnic20、seeII Reading comprehensionPart AText 121. C ended his regin in embarrassment22. A owing to their undoubted and respectable status23. C the role of the nobility in modern democracy24. D fails to adapt himsself to his future role25. B Carlos, a lesson for all European MonarchiesText 226. B check suspect's phone contents without being authorized.27.C disapproval28.A getting into one's residence29. D citizens' privacy is not effectively protected30.B new technology requires reinterpretation of the constitution Text 331.B journals are strengthening their statistical checks32.C marked33. D set an example for other journals34. C has room for further improvement35.A science joins Push to screen statistics in papersText 436. A the consequences of the current sorting mechanism37. B more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking38. C was hardly convincing39. A generally distorted values40. C moral awareness matters in editing a newspaperPart B41.C if you are unfamiliar...42.E you make further inferences...43.D Rather ,we ascribe meanings to...44.B factors such as...45.A are we studying that ...Part C46)在多种强大的动机驱动下,这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家,其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。

(word完整版)2015年高考英语全国1卷试题及答案,推荐文档

(word完整版)2015年高考英语全国1卷试题及答案,推荐文档

2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国I)英语本试卷分第I 卷(选择题)和第II 卷(非选择题)两部分,考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项:1. 答第I 卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。

第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30 分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10 称钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。

1. What time is it now?A. 9:10.B. 9:50.C. 10:00.2. What does the woman think of the weather?A. It ?s nice.B. It ?s warm.C. It ?s cold.3. What will the man do?A. Attend a meeting.B. Give a lecture.C. Leave his office.4. What is the woman ?s opinion about the course?A. Too hard.B. Worth taking.C. Very easy.5. What does the woman want the man do?A. Speak louder.B. Apologize to her.C. Turn off the radio.第二节(共15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。

中国医科大学大学英语1复习题及答案

中国医科大学大学英语1复习题及答案

中国医科大学大学英语1复习题及答案大学英语1复习题I 交际英语1. — Good morning, John. How are you doing? —____________.A. Hello.B. How do you do?C. Good evening.D. Not too bad. And you?2. —How long does it _____ to the library? —Perhaps 10 minutes.A. takeB. makeC. spendD. cost3. —What a beautiful scarf you have on today! —________________.A. It is suitable for me.B. No, it isn‘t.C. You want to have one, too?D. Thank you.4. —May I see your tickets, please? —__________________A. Sure.B. No, you can‘t.C. No, they are mine.D. Yes, you can.5. —__________________. —She teaches physics in a school.A. What is your sister doing?B. Who is your sister?C. What does your sister do?D. Where is your sister now?6.—Hello, I‘m Kelly Potter.—Hello, I‘m Dorota Smith. Just ——.A.call myDorotaB. call me at DorotaC.call me DorotaD. call Dorota me7. — May you have a wonderful journey, Honey! —________.A. Thank you all the sameB. Yes, I will.C. Thank you very much.D. My pleasure.8. — How is your study, Bob? —______A. Every thng goes well.B. I‘m fine. Thank you.C. It‘s all right.D. There is no problem.9. — Thank you for inviting me. — ______.A. I really had a happy time.B. Oh, it‘s too late.C. Thank you for coming.D. Oh, so slowly?10.What day is today? —-____A. It‘s March 6.B. It‘s a fine day today.C. t‘s March.D. It‘s Monday.11. — May I see your tickets, please? —____.A. SureB. No, you can't.C. No, they are mine.D. Yes, you can.12. Hello, how are you? — ____A. Hello, how are you?B. How do you do?C. Fine, thank you.D. That‘s OK.13. —________? — He teaches physics in a school.A. What does your father doB. Who is your fatherC. What is your father doingD. Where is your father now14.—Is that seat taken? — ________A.Please don't worry.B. I don't think so.C. Why not?D. It's very nice.15. — Thank you for your invitation. —__________A. It doesn't matter.B.It's a pleasure.C. It's a small thing.D. I'll appreciate it.16. —Who‘s ______? — This is Tom.A. speaksB. spokenC. speakingD. saying17. —________? — He teaches physics in a school.A. What does your father doB. Who is your fatherC. What is your father doingD. Where is your father now18.— Thanks for your help. —___________.A.My pleasure.B.Never mind.C.Quite right.D.Don‘t thank me.19.— ________. He teaches physics in a school.A.What does your father do?B.Who is your father?C.What is your father doing?D.Where is your father now?20.—What‘s the problem with your bike? —___________.A.Not at all.B.Good, thank you.C.Nothing serious.D.Sure21.— Will it______ long to get there? No. It's not far at all.A.take meB.stay me/doc/0d4493663.htmle meD.go me22.— What a beautiful dress you have on today! —___________.A.It is suitable for me.B.No, it isn‘t.C.You want to have one, too?D.Thank you23.— How was your trip to London, Jane? —________.A.Oh, wonderful indeed.B.I went there alone.C.The guide showed me the way.D.By plane and by bus24.—How do you do? —________.A. How do you do?B. Fine, thank you.C. Very wellD. Not too bad.25.—______ ! — Congratulations on your promotion!A. I'm engagedB. It's a boyC. I got promotedD. Thank you for your supportII 阅读理解passage1Once James Thornhill, a famous English painter, was asked to paint some pictures on the walls of the king‘s palace in England. Then workers were sent for and a bi g platform (台子)was made. With the help of a worker, Thornhill started painting on the platform. They worked for a whole year and at last the pictures were ready.Thornhill was happy when he looked at the pictures, for they were really beautiful. He looked at them for a long time, and then took one step back and looked again. Now the pictures were even more beautiful. He took another step, then another. Finally he was at the very edge of the platform, but he didn‘t know it because he was thinking of his pict ures.The worker saw everything. ?What should I do?‘ he thought. ?Thornhill was at the very edge of the platform. If I cry out, he will take another step, fall off it and surely be killed.‘ Sothe worker quickly took some paint (漆)and threw it at the pictures.What are you doing?‘ cried the painter, running quickly forward to his pictures.1. James Thornhill was an English ____.A. workerB. artistC. kingD. writer2. He was ordered to ____.A. paint the wall of the king‘s palace in EnglandB. paint some pictures on the wall of the palaceC. build a big platform in front of the palaceD. put up some new pictures on the old wall3. It took them ____ to finish the pictures.A. a monthB. a weekC. twelve monthsD. half a month4. James Thornhill felt that the ____ he was from the pictures, the ____ they were.A. nearer...more beautifulB. farther...more uglyC. farther...more beautifulD. higher above...more good-looking5. The worker threw some paint at the pictures in order to ____.A. save James‘ lifeB. destroy the pictureC. make the picture more beautifulD. make the king angryPassage 2A poor young artist came to the gate of the subway station. He put his hat on the ground and took out a large piece of paper and laid it on the ground. Then he adjusted the violin and began playing. Before long, the young violinist was surrounded with people, who were all attracted by the words on that paper. It said, ―Last night, a gentleman named George Sang put an important thing into my hat by mistake. Please come to claim it soon.‖After about half an hour, a middle-aged man ran there in a hurry and rushed through the crowd to the violinist and grabbed his shoulders and said, ―Yes, it‘s you. You did come here. I knew that you‘re an honest man and would certainly come here.‖The story turned out to be this :George Sang bought a lottery ticket a few days ago. The awards opened yesterday and he won a prize of $500,000. So he felt very happy and he took out 50 dollars for the wonderful music played by the young man. However the lottery ticket was also thrown in.Later someone asked the violinist: ―At that time you needed to pay the tuition fee and had to play the violin every day to make the money. Then why didn‘t you take the lottery ticket for yourself?‖The violinist said, ―Although I don‘t have much money, I live happily; but if I lose honesty Iwon‘t be happy forever.‖Through our lives, we can gain a lot and lose so much. But being honest should always be with us. If we bear ourselves in a deceptive and dishonest way, we may succeed temporarily. However, from the long-term view, we will be a loser. Such people are just like the water on the mountain. Itstands high above the masses at the beginning, but gradually it comes down inch by inch and loses the chance of going up.1. Which of the following statements about George is wrong?A.He intended to give the violinist $50B. He threw the lottery in the violinist‘s hat deliberately.C. He was very excited to get the lottery back.D. He finally got his lottery back because of the violinist‘s honesty.2. Why were the violinist surrounded with a lot of people?A.He was playing the violin in the street.B.He was begging money in public.C.He was waiting for someone who has lost money.D. He has written something strange on paper in front of him.3. Why did the violinist return the lottery to George?A.He was honest and wanted to be happy.B. He was wealthy and did not need the money.B.He hoped to get some reward from George.D.He was forced to give the money back to George by the police.4. The underlined word in the first paragraph means _________.A. fast foodB. metroC. underpassD.building5. What kind of people can be compared to the water on the mountain?A.intelligent peopleB.cunning peopleC. political peopleD. dishonest peoplePassage 3During the meal, you'd better be careful not to leave a spoon in a soup bowl or coffee cup or any other dish. The coffee spoon ought to be on the saucer, the soup spoon ought to be on the plate under the bowl. When you are having soup, make the least noises and use the side of your spoon inside out this way, not the tip. And you mustn't pick up your soup bowls so as to drink away the last drops of your soup from the bottom of the bowl.Very often there is only one main course and salad, followed by your sweet. If you find the meal not enough, say "Oh, it's delicious!" and ask for some more of the chicken or steak or whatever you have just had. The hostess will be very glad that you appreciate her cooking and will give you an extra portion. But if you observe the Chinese way of being polite and say "No, thank you" when the hostess offers you more, you will most probably starve later, because Americans will never press food on you. Yet it is not polite to keep silent and not to talk with the person next to you. It would be considered good manners if you handle your silverware with care so that they don't make any noise. When coffee comes, drink it from your cup. The coffee spoon should rest on the saucer while you are drinking. And smoking, of course, is rarely seen at a dinner table. Well, when the meal is finished, the guests put their napkins on the table and stand up, the men againhelping the ladies with their chairs.After the dinner, the guests usually stay for an hour or two, and then they would say, "Well, I'm afraid I must be going now." The host and hostess would of course urge everyone to stay longer. "What, already? Won't you have another coffee?" Theguests, for instance, would say, "I'd love to, but I have to be up early tomorrow morning. Thank you for a most enjoyable evening. Good night."And if you stay overnight or over the weekend, it will be courteous to send a thank-you note to the host or hostess the following day, very often with a small gift such as a box of chocolate or some flowers as a token of appreciation of their hospitality.1. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?A. How to Prepare for a Meal.B. Never Press Food on Your Guest.C. Table Manners in the U.S.A.D. How to Enjoy a Dinner.2. The passage suggests that ______.A. to make the hostess happy you should ask for more food even if you are fullB. you should keep silent at a dinner table in order to be politeC. if you want to be friendly with the person next to you, you should press food on himD. talking is necessary at a dinner table3. At a dinner table, you do all of the following except ______.A. making the least noise possibleB. picking up your soup bowl to drink away the last dropC. handling your silverware with careD. drinking the coffee from your cup4. What does "courteous" in the last paragraph mean?A. Friendly.B. GenerousC. PoliteD. Noble.5. The passage implies that ______.A. different nations have different customsB. Chinese customs are quite similar to American onesC. both Chinese and Americans have soup before the main courseD. if you are polite, the hostess will press more food on youPassage 4Sixteen-year-old Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo Domingo. She was leaving her native country to join her sister in the United States. She spoke English very well. Though she was very happy she could go abroad, she was feeling sad at leaving her family and friends. As she was thinking all about this, she suddenly heard the airline employee asking her to pick up her luggage and put it on the scales(称). Maria pulled and pulled. The bag was too heavy and sh e just couldn’t lift it up. The man behind her got very impatient. He, too, was waiting to check in his luggage.―What‘s wrong with this girl? He said, ―Why doesn‘t she hurry up? He moved forward and placed his bag on the counter, hoping to check in fist. He was in a hurry to get a good seat.Maria was very angry, but she was very polite. And in her best English she said,―Why are you so upset? There are enough seats for everyone on the plane. If you are in such a hurry, why can‘t you give me a hand with my luggage?The man was surprised to hear Maria speak English. He quickly picked up her luggage and stepped back. Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.1. M aria‘s story happened ________.A. when she was leaving AmericaB. on her way back to Santo DomingoC. before she left the USAD. when she arrived at the airport2. You believer that the work of the airline employee mentioned in the story is to _______ at the airport.A. help carry people‘s luggageB. ask people to pick up the luggageC. check people‘s luggageD. take care of people‘s luggage3. ―Why are you so upset? Maria said to the man. She wanted to tell him that he sh ould not be _______.A. surprisedB. sadC. unhappyD. sorry4. ―Everyone was looking at him with disapproval. This sentence means that the people around felt _______.A. worried about MariaB. worried about the manC. sorry for M aria‘s mannersD. sorry for the man‘s manners5. The author mentioned Maria‘s age at the beginning of the story in order to show that_________.A. she was young but behaved properlyB. she would not have left home aloneC. everyone around her was wrongD. it was not good that nobody offered to help herPassage 5Dear Professor Liu,Please accept my greeting from New York. I am just beginning my graduate studies here at this university. It is the third week of classes now. My roommate, Tom, is also a graduate student like me. He is studying biology (生物学). He is from Houston. We are now on good terms.Our dormitory is well equipped (配备). There are all kinds of electric home appliances. But we don't have a TV set. I am going to buy one this afternoon. The view on the window is pleasant, and the weather is hot in the summer right now. It is about 38 degrees outside the room. But we have air conditioning in the room, so I feel OK.How are you getting on? Are you still working on your paper now?Please say "Hello" to those who have taught me. I miss all of you very much.LoveWang Hui1. Wang Hui is writing to her former teacher.A.TB.F2. From the passage, we know that Wang Hui is a new graduate student in New York.A.TB.F3. Tom is from Houston.A.TB.F4. Wang Hui thinks her dormitory is too big.A.TB.F5. Wang Hui is going to move to another room.A.TB.FPassage 6In the UK, in business situations, when you meet someone for the first time you shake hands and say, "How do you do?". This is not really a question, and the reply to it is another greeting such as "How do you do?" or "Hello" or "I'm very pleased to meet you" or, if you have met the person sometime before, "It's good to see you again".You don't shake hands every time you meet someone, you just greet them. If you are invited to someone's house for dinner, it is usual to take a present - some chocolates or flowers or, if you know them quite well, a bottle of wine. If you do not know the host well, don't be the last person to leave. Telephone the next day to thank the host for the meal. English people don't like to talk about personal things, and tend to avoid religion, politics and money.Good topics for small talk are the weather, holidays, weekend activities, gardens and architecture (建筑物), especially houses and homes. When you go to a pub or bar, it's usual to take turns to buy a drink for everyone in your group and pay for the drinks when you get them from the bar and before you drink them.1. The first paragraph tells us how to greet someone in business situations.A.TB.F2. If you are invited to someone's house for dinner, it's better to leave before the last guest leaves if you don't know the hostquite well.A.TB.F3. English people don't like talking about money and marriage.A.TB.F4. In the last paragraph the sentence “…, it's usual to take turns to buy a drink for everyone in your group…”means it's usual to go Dutch .A.TB.F5. The subject matter of the passage is British way of greeting people.A.TB.FPassage 7Martin Luther King was a black minister, who became a great leader of the civil rights movementin the 1950s and 1960s.King was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. When he was young, he was strongly influenced by Thoreau and Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi‘s idea of non-violent resistance. Having received a Ph. Dfrom Boston University, he became a political and religious leader of the non-violent civil rights movement in 1955. On August 28, 1963, he led over 250,000 Americans on a march in Washington D.C. to fight for the Civil Rights Law to guarantee equality for all people, and delivered his best known speech ?I Have a Dream‘ before the Lincoln Memorial. The ?dream‘ is a dream of brotherly love and equalityfor the Black and White. Thus, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 1964, but he was murdered four years later. Though he died, he was greatly respected and loved by the Americans, both the white and the black. By vote of Congress in 1968, the third Monday of every January is now a federal holiday in Luther King‘s honor. He lives in people‘s hearts forever.1. Martin Luther King was awarded Nobel price when he was39 years old.A. TB. F2. Martin Luther King was not only a black ministeris .A. TB. F3. Martin Luther King’s Day has been a federal holiday for more than 40 years.A. TB.F4. The underlined word "delivered" in the second paragraph means ―gave‖.A. TB. F5. The best title for this passage is "Civil Rights Law".A. TB. FPassage 8Sixteen-year-old Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo Domingo. She was leaving her native country to join her sister in the United States. She spoke English very well. Though she was very happy she could go abroad, she was feeling sad at leaving her family and friends. As she was thinking all about this,she suddenly heard the airline employee asking her to pick up her luggage and put it on the scales. Maria pulled and pulled. The bag was too heavy and she just couldn’t lift it up. The man behind her got very impatient. He, too, was waiting to check in his luggage. “What‘s wrong with this girl?‖ He said. ―Why doesn‘t she hurry up?‖ He moved forward and placed his bag on the counter, hoping to check in first. He was in a hurry to get a good seat. Maria was very angry: but she was very polite. And in her best English she said. ―Why are you so upset? There are enough seats for everyone on the plane. If you are in such a hurry; why can't you give me a hand with my luggage?‖The man was surprised to hear Maria speak English. He quickly picked up her luggage and stepped back. Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.1. Maria's story happened on her way back to Santo Domingo.A. TB. F2. You believe that the work of the airline employee mentioned in the story is to check people’s luggage at the airport.A. TB. F3. “Why are you so upset?”Maria said to the man. She wanted to tell him that he should not be unhappy and worried.A. TB. F4. “Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.”This sentence means that the people around felt sorry for Maria's manners.B. F5. The author mentioned Maria's age at the beginning of the story in order to show that she was young but behaved properly.A. TB. FIII 词汇与结构1.Tom didn't feel like ____to the cinema on week days.A. goingB. goesC. to goD. went2.Twenty people were ______ wounded in the air crash.A. quicklyB. wronglyC. bitterlyD. seriously3.On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several ____ a day.A. customersB. supportersC. clientsD. guests4.He is a man of great experience, ______ much can be learned.A. whoB. from whichC. thatD. from whom5.What is the train ______to Birmingham?A. feeC. fareD. cost6.We urge vigorous action to be taken ______.A. immediatelyB. incrediblyC. spontaneouslyD. suddenly7.Rather than ______, the wounded preferred to die.A. to surrenderB. surrenderC. to surrenderingD. surrendering8.The little boy ______the seeds form the floor carefully.A. picked offB. picked out C .picked up D. picked over9. The horse is getting old and can‘t run _____ it did.A. as faster asB. so fast thanC. so fast asD. as faster as10. The earth ______ round the sun.A. will moveB. movedC. is movingD. moves11. The old men and the children must ______ in our country.A. take good careB. be taken good careC. take care ofD. be taken care of12. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied ____.A. originallyB. extremelyC. violentlyD. intensively13.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn‘t make himself ______A. hearB. to hearC. hearingD. heard.14. Neither Bill nor his parents _______at home.A. isB. hasC. areD. was15. The police ____ that he committed a series of crimes in the south of the city.A. swelledB. submittedC. surveyedD. suspected16. After she worked out the solution, _____ appeared a smile on her face.A. itB. hereC. whatD. there17. — Excuse me. Could you please tell me how to get to the station?— Turn left at the first light. You can't______ it.A. findB. catchC. missD. forget18.She will never recommend ______a very low-calorie diet alone.A. eatingB. ateC. eatenD. eat19. They all went to the museum _____me.A. except forB. exceptC. besidesD. beside20. Why not ____Beijing____ me?A. to come, to seeB. come, to seeC. came, seeingD. come, see21. It‘s high time we_____ to the classes.A.wentB. will goC. are goingD. go22. He felt at ease even thought the whole class _____ at him.A. staresC. staredD. staring23.They will certainly need to _______ plenty of water.A. take upB. take outC. take downD. take in24.Tom ______Chinese when he was studying in Beijing.A. picked offB. picked out C .picked up D. picked over25. What _____ us most was his performance in the play.A. impressionB. impressedC. impressingD. impresses26.He wandered______ the countryside.A. throughB. aboutC. ofD. from27.I hope that they _____ this challenge.A. stay upB. take upC. weigh upD. set up28. I will never recommend ______a very low-calorie diet alone.A. eatingB. ateD. eat29.They all went to the museum, _____ I didn‘t.A. forB. butC. orD. so30. Why not ____ here ____ me?A. to come, to seeB. come, to seeC. came, seeingD. come, seeIV完形填空Passage1Hope is __1___ keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. Life teaches us not to despair ___2___ in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day. Nothing remains the ___3__, we have only one choice ― keep moving on in life and be hopeful.Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, ___4___ it has passed and is beyond our control. T omorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dull. So the only alternative is work hard today, ___5___ we will enjoy a better tomorrow.A. forB. whatC. evenD. so thatE. samePassage 2___1__, we cannot wait for others giving our prize, but we can give it to ourselves. At least, this is one of the best ways to live your life. Li fe always not easy, but it‘s always ___2___ you whether optimistic or ___3___. Therefore, try to love yourself and praise yourself more. __4___ the family, we can live a ___5___ life by praising family members more often as well. Don‘t trouble difficult relationship between family members anymore. So, be generous to praise!A. As forB. up toC. pessimisticD. Most of timeE. harmoniousPassage 3There are so many possible hobbies. Choose one ––or possibly ___1___ one ––that suits you. A hobby should be something that when you get up in the morning on your day ___2___, you will be able to say, "Great, today I can enjoy my hobby," or "I can't wait to get home ___3___ work, because your hobby is waiting for you!" You should be so absorbed when doing your hobby that you may even lose track of time. A hobby can bring tremendous joy and satisfaction to the young or old.Start out ___4___ making a list of all the possible hobbies you even think you would be interested in. Search your mind back to when you were younger too. Maybe your drawing or painting was hung in the hall at your grammar school ___5___ it was so good or possibly you remember doing your own tune up on your car and how proud you were. At this point you just want to list a lot of possibilities, no matter how odd they may seem.A. fromB. byC. more thanD. becauseE. offPassage 4It is always interesting to visit another country, especially for those who have never traveled a great deal. Foreign ___1___ can be very educational for anyone if he。

中国医科大学《大学英语1(中专起点大专)》满分答案

中国医科大学《大学英语1(中专起点大专)》满分答案

中国医科大学《大学英语1(中专起点大专)》满分答案导读:就爱阅读网友为您分享以下“中国医科大学《大学英语1(中专起点大专)》满分答案”资讯,希望对您有所帮助,感谢您对的支持!一、单选题(共50 道试题,共100 分。

)V1. Your attitude, not your aptitude, will () your altitude. CA. underlineB. imagineC. determineD. reward满分:2 分2. Professor Thomas, this is Miss Rita Smith.—(). DA. My pleasureB. That’s OKC. Very niceD. Nice to meet you满分:2 分3. —Good morning, Bob. How are you doing? —(). CA. Hello.B. Good evening.C. Not too bad. And you?D. How do you do?满分:2 分4. — We get knowledge () from books () from life.— Yes, both are important. CA. either;orB. neither;norC. not only;but alsoD. not;but满分:2 分5. — Excuse me. Could you please tell me how to get to the station? —Turn l eft at the first light. You can’t () it. CA. findB. catchC. missD. forget满分:2 分6. The windows of the room () once a week. CA. has been cleanedB. is cleanedC. are cleanedD. are cleaning满分:2 分7. —I’m leaving for London tomorrow, Joss. —(). CA. T ake your time.B. That’s it.C. All the best!D. It doesn’t matter.满分:2 分8. Rather than (), the wounded preferred to die. CA. surrenderingB. to surrenderingC. surrenderD. to surrender满分:2 分9. — How’s your family? — (). BA. How do you do?B. Fine, thanks.C. Thank you all the same.D. Nice to meet you.满分:2 分10. If I had known my life was going to () like this, I would have let them help me. DA. turn inB. turn upC. turn onD. turn out满分:2 分11. I have made up my mind to go back to () I lived whenI was young to work. BA. whichB. whereC. whoD. what满分:2 分12. They bought Grandma a gift () she liked it very much.DA. orB. soC. butD. and满分:2 分13. After two hours, he returned to the room () the wise man was. DA. of whichB. whichC. thatD. in which满分:2 分14. He felt more uneasy with the whole class () at him. AA. staringB. stareC. staredD. stares满分:2 分15. —I heard you won the first place in the quiz. What marvelous news! —()! BA. Best wishesB. CongratulationsC. Good luckD. Great满分:2 分16. I hope that they () this challenge. BA. stay upB. take upC. weigh upD. set up满分:2 分17. Only when one is () of one’s getting behind is one more likely to catch up.A. feasibleB. awareC. sensitiveD. critical满分:2 分18. May I introduce myself? I’m Steward.— (). AA. Pleased to meet youB. What a pleasureC. I don’t knowD. Thanks a lot满分:2 分19. —Who is that speaking?—(). CA. I am David speakingB. That is David speakingC. This is David speakingD. He is David speaking满分:2 分20. —It would be great if you can play cards with us tomorrow.— (). AA. I’d love to. Where shall we meet?B. I am not OK with that.C. Who do we play with?D. That is a piece of cake.满分:2 分21. The television station apologized for the interference, which was () bad weather conditions. BA. becauseB. due toC. in thatD. regardless of满分:2 分22. He is a man of great experience, () much can be learned. DA. whoB. that BC. from whichD. from whom满分:2 分23. T o do that, they need her to be () and responsive through the beginning of the operation process. CA. convenientB. conscientiousC. consciousD. conventional满分:2 分24. — We made up. — (). DA. Good jobB. That’s OKC. Very niceD. I’m really happy for you满分:2 分25. —May I speak to Alice?—Sorry, but she is out.—() DA. Good bye.B. Who are you?C. T ake care.D. May I leave a message to her?满分:2 分26. If I () the job, I would do it in a different way. CA. would doB. shall doC. were to doD. do满分:2 分27. —How long does it take to go there ()? —Approximately 10 minutes.A. on walkingB. in walkingC. by walkingD. with walking满分:2 分28. —Hello, Quanjude Roast Duck Restaurant. May I help you?—() AA. I would like to reserve a table for four people at 6 tomorrow evening.B. I would rather speak to your manager.C. I want to leave a message.D. May I have your name please?满分:2 分29. — Hello, I’m David Potter.— Hello, I’m Kelly Smith. Just (). CA. call my KellyB. call me at KellyC. call me Kelly CD. call Kelly me满分:2 分30. They all went to the museum, () I didn’t. BA. forB. butC. orD. so满分:2 分31. — Pardon me. I wonder if you could tell me how to get to Mott Street? —Keep going straight for two blocks, then () Elm Street and you’ll run right into it. BA. stop atB. turn right oC. go toD. ask at满分:2 分32. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced () cars in 2012 as the year before. CA. as twice manyB. as many twiceC. twice as manyD. twice many as满分:2 分33. Without your support, we () . BA. would not succeedB. would not have succeededC. would not succeededD. would have succeeded满分:2 分34. — We plan to go out for picnic next weekend. Would you like to come along?— (). DA. Enjoy yourself.B. You are welcomeC. It doesn’t matter.D. I wish I could, but I’ve already fixed something up.满分:2 分35. John first suggested (). AA. this idea to meB. me this ideaC. me to this ideaD. me to take the idea满分:2 分36. () some degree, both sides reach an agreement, from which both sides benefit a lot. BA. InB. T oC. AboutD. From满分:2 分37. Bill put his hands behind his back, () nobody could see his hands. AA. soB. andC. orD. but满分:2 分38. The old men and the children must () in our country.DA. take good careB. be taken good careC. take care ofD. be taken care of满分:2 分39. Antarctic () we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. BA. whichB. about whichC. thatD. where满分:2 分40. — Excuse me, () where Main Street is? — Turn left at the second light and then go straight for two blocks. DA. tell meB. can you tellC. you should tell meD. can you tell me满分:2 分41. Stop cutting trees, () the earth will become worse and worse. DB. howeverC. butD. or满分:2 分42. () this kind of question often () in your class, Alex? BA. Does, askB. Is, askedC. Has, askedD. Will, asked满分:2 分43. —Thank you for everything you’ve done for me during my stay here.—(). Give my best wishes to your parents. AA. My pleasure.B. I don’t think so.C. Very wellD. Don’t worry.满分:2 分44. Of course, the best way to learn English varies () person to person. DB. aboutC. throughD. from满分:2 分45. — (). — I’m terribly busy these days. CA. How do you do?B. How old are you?C. How are things with you, Jimmy?D. Where are you from?满分:2 分46. He wandered () the countryside. CA. ofB. aboutC. throughD. from满分:2 分47. It’s high time the children () to school. DA. goB. will goC. are goingD. went满分:2 分48. — I’m wondering if you could give me some advice about my project.— ().A. I’d rather sit here if you don’t mind.B. I think it might be a good idea to do some research first.C. Certainly, why not?D. Yes, I like these two places.满分:2 分49. — Why don’t we go to see a film now?— (). CA. What are you talking about?B. I am tied up.C. What a delightful ideaD. I don’t want to go with you.满分:2 分50. It is very important () a foreign language. AA. to learnB. to have learnedC. learnD. being learning满分:2 分 B百度搜索“就爱阅读”,专业资料,生活学习,尽在就爱阅读网,您的在线图书馆。

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国卷1及参考答案解析

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国卷1及参考答案解析

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷1)英语(试题及答案)本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。

考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1. What time is it now?A. 9:10B. 9:50C. 10:002. What does the woman think of the weather?A. It’s nice.B. It’s warm.C. It’s cold.3.What will the man do?A. Attend a meeting.B. Give a lecture.C. Leave his office.4. What is the woman’s opinion about the course?A. Too hard.B. Worth taking.C. Very easy.5. What does the woman want the man to do?A. Speak louder.B. Apologize to her.C. Turn off the radio.第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。

2015考研英语一真题和答案解析

2015考研英语一真题和答案解析

2014年真题一Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal___5___.Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actual ly a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate ___12___ mental effort.Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step ___13___ and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental ___14___.The Web-based program ___15___ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps ___16___ of your progress and provides detailed feedback ___17___ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it ___18___modifies and enhances the games you play to ___19___ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) ___20___exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1. [A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2. [A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3. [A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4. [A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure5. [A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook6. [A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures7. [A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations8. [A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion9. [A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process10. [A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature11. [A] Therefore [B] Moreover [C] Otherwise [D] However12. [A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of13. [A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around14. [A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility15. [A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows16. [A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace17. [A]to [B]with [C]for [D]on18. [A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually19. [A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take20. [A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiarSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1In order to "change lives for the better" and reduce "dependency" George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the "upfront work search" scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. "Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on." he claimed. "We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster."Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with "reforms" to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for "fundamental fairness"— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency — permanent dependency if you can get it — supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase "jobseeker’s allowance" — invented in 1996 — is about redefining the unemployed as a"jobseeker" who had no mandatory right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited "allowance," conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at £71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.21. George Osborne’s s cheme was intended to[A]provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits.[B]encourage jobseekers’ active engagement in job seeking.[C]motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily.[D]guarantee jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefits.22. The phrase, "to sign on" (Line 3, Para. 2) most probably means[A]to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre.[B]to accept the government’s restrictions on the allowance.[C]to register for an allowance from the government.[D]to attend a governmental job-training program.23. What prompted the chancellor to develop his scheme?[A]A desire to secure a better life for all.[B]An eagerness to protect the unemployed.[C]An urge to be generous to the claimants.[D]A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.24. According to Paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one feel[A]uneasy[B]enraged.[C]insulted.[D]guilty.25. To which of the following would the author most probably agree?[A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.[B]Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.[C]The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.[D]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.Text 2All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that manycannot afford to go into government or non-profit work, and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed todo so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.26.a lot of students take up law as their profession due to[A]the growing demand from clients.[B]the increasing pressure of inflation.[C]the prospect of working in big firms.[D]the attraction of financial rewards.27.Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?[A]Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.[B]Admissions approval from the bar association.[C]Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.[D]Receiving training by professional associations.28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from[A]lawyers’ and clients’ strong resistance.[B]the rigid bodies governing the profession.[C]the stem exam for would-be lawyers.[D]non-professionals’ sharp criticism.29.The guild-like ownership structure is considered "restrictive"partly because it[A]bans outsiders’ involvement in the profession.[B]keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.[C]aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.[D]prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.30.In this text, the author mainly discusses[A]flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causes.[B]the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America.[C]a problem in America’s legal profession and soluti ons to it.[D]the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education.Text 3The US$3-million Fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from thetelephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels, The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere, It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.31. The Fundamental Physics Prize is seen as[A]a symbol of the entrepreneurs’ wealth.[B]a possible replacement of the Nobel Prizes.[C]an exam ple of bankers’ investments.[D]a handsome reward for researchers.32. The critics think that the new awards will most benefit[A]the profit-oriented scientists.[B]the founders of the new awards.[C]the achievement-based system.[D]peer-review-led research.33. The discovery of the Higgs boson is a typical case which involves[A]controversies over the recipients’ status.[B]the joint effort of modern researchers.[C]legitimate concerns over the new prizes.[D]the demonstration of research findings.34. According to Paragraph 4,which of the following is true of the Nobels?[A]Their endurance has done justice to them.[B]Their legitimacy has long been in dispute.[C]They are the most representative honor.[D]History has never cast doubt on them.35.The author believes that the now awards are[A]acceptable despite the criticism.[B]harmful to the culture of research.[C]subject to undesirable changes.[D]unworthy of public attention.Text 4"The Heart of the Matter," the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of thehumanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the rep ort’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by "federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others" to "maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education." In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission’s 51 members aretop-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.Unfortunately, despite 2½ years in the making, "The Heart of the Matter" never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing "progressive," or left-liberal propaganda.Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.36. According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report?[A] Critical[B] Appreciative[C] Contemptuous[D] Tolerant37. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to[A] retain people’s interest in liberal education[B] define the government’s role in education[C] keep a leading position in liberal education[D] safeguard individuals’ rights to education38. According to Paragraph 3, the report suggests[A] an exclusive study of American history[B] a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects[C] the application of emerging technologies[D] funding for the study of foreign languages39. The author implies in Paragraph 5 that professors are[A] supportive of free markets[B] cautious about intellectual investigation[C] conservative about public policy[D] biased against classical liberal ideas40. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Ways to Grasp "The Heart of the Matter"[B] Illiberal Education and "The Heart of the Matter"[C] The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal Education[D] Progressive Policy vs. Liberal EducationPart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from thelist A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs A and E have been correctly placed Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET (10 points)[A] Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable—for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece, the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.[B]In another case, American archaeologists Rene Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.[C] How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.[D] Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copan, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when Copan collapsed.[E] To find their sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging. Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such as ancient buildings or fields.[F] Most archaeological sites, however, are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searches can take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for seven years before he located the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evan combed antique dealers’ stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evans’s interpretations of these engravings eventually led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos (Knossós) on the island of Crete, in 1900.[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery. They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording, and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites. Two and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the results of archaeological research.41.C→ A →42.F→ E →43.G→ 44.D →45.BPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that isthe strength of music. (46)It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.Beethoven’s importance in m usic has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. (47)By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. (48)Beetho ven’s habit of increasing the volume with an intense crescendo and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society. (49)Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. (50)One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.这也是为什么我们尝试用语言来描述音乐时,只是能表达出对音乐的感受却无法领会音乐本身。

2015-1英语①参考答案

2015-1英语①参考答案

Unit 1Period 1 Word PowerⅠ. Fill in the blanks with right words.1. crazy2. concerned3. power4. ignored5. suffered6. upset7. eastern8. recovered9. settle 10. gratefulⅡ. Fill in the blanks with right forms of the expressions given in the box.1. add up2. calm down3. more concerned about4. walks the dog5. is going through6. are set down7. on purpose8. get tired with9. join in 10. a series ofⅢ. Fill in the blanks with right forms of the words given in the brackets.1. upsetting2. exactly3. ignoring4. powerful5. suffering6. disagree7. entirely8. concerned9. dusty 10.dislikeⅣ. Complete the following sentences.1. went through2. In order to3. on purpose4. a series of5. face to face6. set down7. getting along with8. be grateful; could give me some advice9. join us in a walk 10. dislikes learning; joinedⅤ. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1. advices→advice2. careless→careful3. that→to4. join→join in5. cheat→cheatingPeriod 2 Grammar and UsageⅠ. Fill in the blanks with the right words1. that2. is3. what4. possible5. when6. have praised7. took/should take8. isn’t9. in order to/so as to 10. in order that/so thatⅡ. Change the following sentences from direct speech into indirect speech.1.would talk about English names the next day2.where she was going3.had built five bridges over that river by then4.he would; the next/following day5.if there was a chance that I might continue with my studiesⅢ. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1.read→reading2. talk→talk about3. a→an4. sudden→suddenly5. interesting→interestedⅣ. Translate the following sentences into English.1. listed all the things2. According to3. doesn’t dare to go out/dare not4. calmed down5. is always concerned aboutV. Translate the following sentences according to the models .1. He arrived home,tired and hungry.2. It is he, as well as his classmates that has been to the Hangzhou Bay Wetland Park.3. It /This is the third time that she had rung you in a week.4. He rushed out of the room before I could say a word.5. The teacher came into the classroom with a book in his handPeriod 3 ClozeA) 1—5 CDACB 6—10 DABCB 11—15 ADCAB 16—20 DCABDB) ① to grow ② which ③ robot ④ Powered ⑤ ability⑥ for ⑦ but ⑧ called ⑨ in ⑩ itPeriod 4 Reading ComprehensionA) 1—4 ADCA B) 1—5 DFABCUnit 2Period 1 Word PowerⅠ. Fill in the blanks with right words.1.official2. identity3. commanded4. accent5. request6. vocabulary7. voyage 8. standard 9. recognized 10. NativeⅡ. Fill in the blanks with right forms of the expressions given in the box.1. more than2. are based on3. make use of4. having fun5. played a part6. even if7. because of8. has a command of9. A number of 10. at the request of Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks with right forms of the words given in the brackets.1. gradually2. actual3. expressed4. usage5.southeastern6. fluently7. spelling 8. spoken 9. frequently 10. SpanishⅣ. Fill in the spaces for each word in the chart.UK words: rubber; lorry; petrol; underground; lift; holiday; groundUS words: fall; store; mail; soccer; candy; apartment; movie; bathroomⅤ. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1. speaking→spoken2. a→an3. in→on4. Foreigner→Foreigners5. good→a goodPeriod 2 Grammar and UsageⅠ. Change the following sentences from direct speech into indirect speech.1. Mary suggested going shopping/that they (should) go shopping that Sunday.2. Father told his son to be careful.3. Mother asked Mary to give her the water.4. He said (that) where there is a will, there is a way.5. The teacher told the students not to make noise in the lab.Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the box.1. However2. Although3. instead4. therefore5. becauseⅢ. Translate the following sentences according to the given models1. Do you know that there are more than 50 nationalities in China?2. Which province do you think has the most beautiful scenery?3. Today, more people prefer the smart-phone for information than ever before.4. I’ll never give up even if I come cross more difficulties.5. She was more sad than angry when her son lied.6. Everything comes with a price; there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.7. In Shanghai, you’ll get the same service as you get in London.8. He wants to read as many books as he can while young.Ⅳ. Complete the following sentences according to the Chinese in brackets1. such as vocabulary and grammar2. At present; is playing a more and more important part3. make full use of4. have a good command of5. even thoughⅤ. Write a passage by adding linking words to the sentences in Ex.4At present, English is playing a more and more important part in our life, because of which, many people are trying hard to learn English. However, we must have come across many problems in learning English such as vocabulary and grammar. We should make full use of every opportunity to practise English so that we can eventually have a good command of English.Period 3 ClozeA) 1—5 DCBAB 6—10 AABAC 11—15 DAABC 16—20 BDABCB) 1. Without 2. using 3. but 4. so 5. customs6. written7. have changed8. future9. what 10. doesPeriod 4 Reading ComprehensionA) 1—4 ADBAB) 1—5 DCAFBTest 1Ⅰ. Multiple choice (10%)1—5 AAADC 6—10 ADADCⅡ. Cloze (20%)11—15 BADCB 16—20 BDADB 21—25 BCADD 26—30 ACCBBⅢ. Reading comprehension (40%)31—35 BCCAD 36—40 BACDA 41—45 CCABD 46—50 BDAFCⅣ. Spelling (5%)51. straight 52. upset 53. settled 54. suffered 55. actually 56. recognized57. recovered 58. exactly 59. grateful 60. commandedⅤ. Proof reading (10%)61. 去掉had 62. a→an 63. kindly→kind 64. or→and 65. his→their 66. 去掉the67. have→had 68. was→were 69. question→questions 70. planning 后加toⅥ. Writing (15%)One possible version:Dear Li Yang,Thank you for writing to me. In your letter you told me about your problem with listening and writing. To improving listening, I advise you to practise listening to English for twenty minutes every day. Besides, choose some English tapes. At the beginning choose some easy ones. When you find you can understand quite well, listen to some more difficult tapes.About writing, I have two suggestions. First, read as much as possible. If possible, read good passages many times so that you can recite some of them. The other is to keep a diary in English.With the advice, I am sure you will make great progress in listening and writing soon.Best wishes.Yours,Willy.Unit 3Period 1 Word powerⅠ. Fill in the blanks with right words.1. insurance2. persuaded3. prefers4. determined5. attitude6. graduated7. journey 8. valley 9. schedule 10. reliableⅡ. Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the verbs given in the box.1. change his mind2. care about3. ever since4. dressed in5. gives in6. dream of7. is fond of8. As usualⅢ. Complete the following sentences.1. insisted that he come/insisted on his coming2. gave in; bought…for3. followed; changed his mind4. am familiar with5. made up his mind6. get; interested in7. Once…will have8. of comingⅣ. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1. for→to/toward2. persuaded→advised/tried to persuade3. stayed→(should) stay4. in后面加to5. with→to6. 去掉aⅤ. Fill in the blanks with right forms of the words or expressions in the brackets.1. boiling, boiled2. transportation3. determination4. graduation5. organizationPeriod 2 Grammar and usageⅠ.Complete the following dialogues1. Is, coming;is leaving;is leaving2. are getting;am cycling;is bringing3. are, going;are, gettingⅡ. Fill in the blanks with right forms of the verbs given in the brackets.1. would return…finished2. . will hurt3. to ride, take4. is leaving…leaves5 will be touched 6. are working 7. are taking 8. are fond9. is preparing/has been preparing 10. got…had been destroyedⅢ. Rewrite the following sentences.1. by bike2. to have3. insisted on going4. him for company5. are arrivingⅣ. Complete the following sentences.1. a new bridge will be built over this river2. as soon as/the moment he comes back3. His grandparents have been dead4. Linda had left her key in the classroom5. early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, happy and wiseV. Translate the following sentences according to the models.1. No matter how tired I am, I will insist on finishing the important task on time.2. It was Hollande who bacame the seventh prisident of France.3. The government insisted that plans (should ) be made to help people who are out of work..4. The book is hard/difficult to understand ; as a result, the students lost interest.5. The mother walked so fast that her daughter couldn’t keep up with her.Period 3 ClozeA)1—5 ACBDC 6—10 ADCAA 11—15 CACAB 16—20 AABBAB) 1. is surrounded 2. would stick 3. either 4. until 5. way 6. unusual 7. where 8. Sun9. in 10. ourselvesPeriod 4 Reading comprehensionA) 1—5 BDABA B) 1—5 BADFCUnit 4Period 1 Word powerⅠ. Fill in the blanks with right words.1. suffering(s)2. disasters3. buried4. frightened5. destroyed6. trap7. injured8. rescued9. event 10. shockⅡ. Fill in the blanks with right forms of the expressions given in the box.1. in ruins2. were organized3. destroyed4. rescue5. were(are) proud of6. putting up7. prepared8. give out9. woke up 10. to honor/in honor ofⅢ. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1. raising→rising2. Thousand→Thousands3. is→are4. were given→gave5. were→was6. the→an7. good→well8. destroyed前加was9. specially→especially 10. in→toⅣ. Complete the following sentences .1.Judging from/by; rich knowledge2. humorous; burst into laughter/burst out laughing3. Very luckily; were trapped in4. A number of; throughout the world5. shelters; survivors; destroyedⅤ. Translate the following sentences according to the models given in the text:1.She was too young to understand it.2.The number of people who begin to realize the importance of environmental protectionhas been increasing.3.Not all people have the chance to go abroad for further study.4. Many students who think little of the spelling will make lots of mistakes.5.When the house fell down, it sounded as if the world were at an end.Period 2 Grammar and usageⅠ. Change the following sentences into compound sentences.1. The road which / that has now been built strong was destroyed in the earthquake.2. The soldiers have saved the people who were in danger.3. The waiter who served us tea was very friendly and polite.4. A dictionary is a book (which / that) you can use to learn more words.5. Xiao Ming works in a shop which / that sells photo cameras.6. What was the name of the farmer who / that discovered the tomb of Qin Shi Huang?7. The bus which / that runs every half hour goes to the airport.8. The woman (who / whom / that) you met in my office yesterday is a scientist.9. The policeman who / that directs the traffic here is Mr. Wang’s son.10. The building whose top we can see from here is our teaching building.Ⅱ. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1. which前加in或which改为where2. whom---who3. who’s---whose4. it---which5. which----whose6. which----who/thatⅢ. Rewrite the following sentences.1. shouldn’t/not give2. is, that/who3.surprised to4. so, thatⅣ. Fill in the blanks using “who, whom, which, that, whose”1. who2. which / that / 省略3. who / that / whom / 省略4. whose5. that / which6. which / that / 省略7. who / that8. which / that /省略9. that / 省略10. that / 省略Ⅴ. Translate the following sentences into English.1. All the students don’t know how to answer the question.2. She is too happy/glad/willing to help us.3. I asked the girl standing next to me what had happened.4. He who laughs last laughs best.5. A great/good number of Chinese students want to go abroad for further studies.Ⅵ. Fill in the blanks using “for, as, to”.1. for2. as3. to4. for5. toPeriod 3 ClozeA) 1—5 ACBDA 6—10 CBDAB 11—15 CCABD 16—20 DBCAAB) 1. had been 2. how 3. less 4. living 5. request6. that7. through8. neither9. back 10. losePeriod 4 Reading comprehensionA) 1—5 ACDCB B) 1—5 FECABTest 2Ⅰ. Multiple choice (10%)1—5 ABADC 6—10 CBDBBⅡ. Cloze (20%)11—15 AABCC 16—20 ABCDC 21—25 ABCBD 26—30 DBCABⅢ. Reading comprehension (40%)31—35 DAADC 36—40 BDACC 41—45 BABDC 46—50 EADBCⅣ. Spelling (5%)51. steam 52. fare 53. judge 54. determined 55. persuade56. disasters 57. injured 58. Organization 59. electricity 60. rescueⅤ. Proof reading (10%)61. invite→inviting 62. and→but 63.were→are 64.去掉in 65. calling→call66. promised后加to 67.will→would 68. real→really 69. hope→wish 70. funs→funⅥ. Writing (15%)One possible versionIn 1923, a big earthquake hit the city of Yokohama, a city in Japan. It happened at night when most people were sleeping. When the earthquake happened, it seemed that the world was at an end. Houses and tall buildings fell down. Water and electricity were cut off. There were fires and smoke everywhere. In a few seconds the whole city was almost destroyed and lay in ruins. The number of people who were killed reached more than 140,000. Besides, a large number of people were injured and lost their homes. It was one of the biggest earthquakes in history.Unit 5Period 1 Word PowerⅠ. Fill in the blanks with right words.1. quality2. devoted3. equal4. generous5. attacked6. legal7. escape8. trouble9. reward 10. violenceⅡ. Complete the following sentences with right forms of the words in the brackets.1. education / educated2. peace / peaceful3. active / activities4. cruelly / cruel/cruelty5. hope, HopefullyⅢ. Choose proper words to complete the following sentences.A) 1. suggested / advised 2. suggested 3. advised 4. suggestedB) 1. went on 2. continued / went on with 3. continuedC) 1. received; accept 2. accepted 3. receivedⅣ. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1. lose his heart→lose heart2. found→founded3. against→for4. study→studying5. the去掉6. equally→equal7. sentenced前加was8. for去掉9. vote for→voted against 10. for→ofⅤ. Complete the sentences.1. is…willing to help others2. In my opinion, lawyer, advice3. was sentenced to… in prison4. in trouble, turn to5. out of work, lose heartPeriod 2 Grammar and UsageⅠ. Choose one of the following words to complete the sentences.1. which / that2. which /that3. where4. when5. which / that6. when7. which/that8. why9. which10. which/ thatⅡ. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1. which—when2. when—which /that/或者省略3. where—which / that/或者省略4. which—who(m) /或者省略5. that—when6. where—which/ that/或者省略7. which—where 8. that—whichⅢ. Rewrite the following sentences1. leaving2. did… realize3. can…be respected4. when…was5. As a matter of fact6. the first timeⅣ. Choose the right answer1—5: CABDB 6—10: BCCDAⅤ. Translate the following sentences according to the models.1. In the latest ten years, China has seen too many wonders in many fields.2. The new house (that/which) he has just bought is about three miles away.Period 3 ClozeA) 1--5 BACAD 6--10 DBCBA 11--15 CDBAC 16--20 DBAACB) 1. so 2. drove 3. scientist 4. unless 5. rising6. like7. way8. creating9. up 10. dangerousPeriod 4 Reading ComprehensionA)1—3 DBC B)1—5 CBADFTest 3Ⅰ. Multiple choice (10%)1—5 DDADB 6—10 CCADCⅡ. Cloze (20%)11—15 BDADB 16—20 BCACB 21—25 BACCD 26—30 BABCBⅢ. Reading comprehension (40%)31—34 CDCB 35—38 DBBD 39—42 CBBC 43—45 BDC 46—50 EFCABⅣ. Word spelling (5%)51. loose 52.deucated/education 53. vocabulary 54. apartments/flats55. determined 56. altitude 57. founded 58. organized 59. laws 60. stageⅤ. Proof reading (10%)61.who后加will 62. Therefore→However 63. chose→choose 64. total→totally65. for→as 66. that→what 67. improving→improve 68. after后去掉the69. my→your 70. advices→adviceⅥ. Writing (15%)One possible versionDear Peter,I’m writing to ask whether you could do me a favor.I want to have a pen friend, hopefully a girl in her early twenties, and with interests similar to mine.I hope she is someone who is interested in traveling, swimming and playing table tennis. Besides, it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have kept one at home for some time. With such a pen friend, I think I can share with her our traveling experiences, our pleasure of taking care of pets, or anything that we have in common. And I believe I will also improve my English and learn more about her country.Looking forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely,Li Hua。

2015年考研英语一真题及答案

2015年考研英语一真题及答案

2015年考研英语一真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cou sins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is_ (1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has_(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted_(3)_1,932 unique subjects which_(4)_pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years ,with social environment being a major _(17)_factor .The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar _(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.” But embarrass ing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can ri se above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’ continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today –embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserve d the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service – as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D] ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D] The nobility’s adherence to their privi leges24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsText 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone — a vast storehouse of digital information — is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse. The court has ruled that police don’t violate th e Fourth Amendment when they sift through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smart phone is more like entering his or her home. A smart phone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.As so often is the case, stating that principle do esn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices shoul d not swallow California’s argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme Court will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[B] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant.[C] check suspects’ phone contents without being a uthorized.[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A] disapproval.[B] indifference.[C] tolerance.[D]cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone content s is comparable to[A] getting into one’s residence.[B] handling one’s historical records.[C] scanning one’s correspondences.[D] going through one’s wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] citizens’ privacy is not effectively protected.[D] phones are used to store sensitive information.30. Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.[C] California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution.[D] principles of the Constitution should never be alteredText 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors(SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis i n scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group. He says he expects the boa rd to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue.” “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says. But he noted that biomedical journ als such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journalsshould also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can veri fy the process”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”.31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that[A] Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32. The phrase “flagged up” (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to[A] found.[B] marked.[C] revised.[D] stored.33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A] pose a threat to all its peers.[B] meet with strong opposition.[C] increase Science’s circulation.[D] set an example for other journals.34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now[A] adds to researchers’ workload.[B] diminishes the role of reviewers.[C] has room for further improvement.[D] is to fail in the foreseeable future35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Ed itors’ Desks[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter ,Elisabeth ,spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions” Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a coll ective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism ”in society should be profit and the market .But “it’s us ,human beings ,we the people who create the society we want ,not profit ”.Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous foals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International , shield thought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .As the hacking trial concludes –finding guilty ones-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones ,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge –the winder issue of dearth of integrity still standstill, Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people .This is hacking on an industrial scale ,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place .One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world, title has become normal that well—paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business–friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by[A] the consequences of the current sorting mechanism[B] companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices.[C] governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.[D] the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that[A] Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime[B] more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.[C] Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.[D] phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes the Rebekah Books’s deference[A] revealed a cunning personality[B] centered on trivial issues[C] was hardly convincing[D] was part of a conspiracy39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows[A] generally distorted values[B] unfair wealth distribution[C] a marginalized lifestyle[D] a rigid moral cote40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[A] The quality of writing is of primary importance.[B] Common humanity is central news reporting.[C] Moral awareness matters in exciting a newspaper.[D] Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fitinto each of the numbered blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET. (10 points)How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your explicit knowledge of English grammar (41) ______you begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just passive assimilation but of active engagement inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and cues (42) _______Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or “true” meaning that can be read off and clocked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. (43) _______Such background material inevitably reflects who we are, (44) _______This doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even poi ntless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it. (45)_______such dimensions of read suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our genderethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C] If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the contest. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D] In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E] You make further inferences, for instance, about how the test may be significant to you, or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.[F] In plays,novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.[G] Rather, we ascribe meanings to test on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Section III TranslationDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly onANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America. 46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.“To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief.” said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.” The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.Section IV WritingPart ADirections: You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Minginstead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)手机时代的聚会【参考答案】【1-5】DBCAC 【6-10】ADABD 【11-15】BABDC 【16-20】CBDCA 【21-25】DABBC 【26-30】CAACB 【31-35】BBDCA 【36-40】ABCAC 【41-45】CEGBA【翻译参考译文】46.在多种强大的动机驱动下,这次(移民)运动在一片荒野上建立了一个国家,并且就本质而言,塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。

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中国医科大学2015年1月考试《英语1》考查课试题一、单选题(共 50 道试题,共 100 分。

)1. ____ I take a bus? No, you needn‘t .A. MustB. CanC. MayD. Should正确答案:A2. Even on Sundays, fewer people go to____ church than before.A. theB. aC. /D. an正确答案:C3. Educators report that the generation growing up with television __________ write an English sentence.A. can barely notB. can not barelyC. could barely notD. can barely正确答案:D4. - ___ are you going? -I am going to school.A. WhereB. WhatC. WhenD. How正确答案:A5. One of the sailors found it necessary to ____ the captain ____ the nearest island by radio.A. declare … to contactB. propose … contactC. insist … to contactD. wish … contact正确答案:B6. John is helping his girlfriend ___ her paper.A. forB. onC. withD. over正确答案:C7. Lennie’s mother has told him time and again that it is _________ to point at people.A. roughB. crudeC. rudeD. polite正确答案:C8. Soldiers are ________ for any news from home.A. friendlyB. superiorC. eagerD. patient正确答案:C9. After retirement, she occupied herself _______ work in the neighborhood.A. fromB. withC. forD. over正确答案:B10. The ____ of being beaten by a weaker man is more than the champion can stand.A. advantageB. disgraceC. sincerityD. compliments正确答案:B11. What is the _______ exchange rate for US dollars?A. socialB. currentC. ancientD. radical正确答案:B12. Things are getting ___ and ___A. bad, badB. worst, worstC. worse, worseD. worse, worst正确答案:C13. I have spent all my pocket money on _________ books this year.A. worthwhileB. worthC. worthyD. worthless正确答案:A14. The proposal was not well thought out## ____, it was too expensive.A. previouslyB. eventuallyC. neverthelessD. moreover正确答案:D15. It ____ over two years since the old gentleman first came to sample the puddings.A. has beenB. wasC. will beD. would be正确答案:B16. Can you list the four most famous ________ civilizations?A. ancientB. elderlyC. oldD. aged正确答案:A17. She was ________ by the news of her son’s death.A. stunnedB. painfullyC. maskedD. gently正确答案:A18. Professor Smith has come to our school to give lectures __________.A. on short-term a basisB. on a short-term shiftC. on a short-term basisD. on short-term basic正确答案:C19. There is a ___ of two hours with the 7:40 train.A. delayB. delaysC. lateD. later正确答案:A20. I hate ____ fish, but my mother likes it.A. eatB. eatingC. to eatD. eats正确答案:A21. Computer users needn’t understand the _________ process taking place behindA. confusedB. complicatedC. chemicalD. physical正确答案:B22. The manager spent three hours __________ to Sam yesterday morning.A. talksB. talkingC. talkD. to talk正确答案:B23. I ___ like speaking English.A. don'tB. doesn'tC. am notD. # are not正确答案:A24. She was _________ by her husband’s not coming home in time.A. destroyedB. disturbedC. boredD. distracted正确答案:B25. He rose from the seat and _________ the front of the bus to go home.A. made the way throughB. made his way toC. made his way acrossD. to made the way正确答案:B26. She ___my brother's wife.A. isB. amC. areD. was正确答案:A27. It is dangerous for a girl to make a ___________ trip.A. single handB. single-handC. single handedD. single-handed正确答案:D28. Home found himself ____ an awkward situation when he brought Mrs. Rosa Sandovala bad telegram.A. coming up withB. filled inC. involved inD. bursting into正确答案:C29. ___ of us has an English book.A. EachB. EveryC. AllD. both正确答案:A30. It is a Japanese _________ to take off one’s shoes before entering a house.A. customB. hobbyC. habitD. customs正确答案:A31. She often sleeps during the day time, because her work is on night _______.A. turnB. changeC. moveD. shift正确答案:D32. An overseas student studies _____.A. at homeB. abroadC. at seaD. on a ship正确答案:B33. He _____ many beautiful post cards to us.A. takesB. showsC. obtainsD. has正确答案:B34. In redesigning the assembly line the engineer found it difficult to ____ his intention without adequate money.A. carry outB. look intoC. set asideD. concentrate on正确答案:A35. As the rain was getting heavier, the tourists were forced to ____ for the hotel where they were staying.A. find outB. come throughC. set offD. go over正确答案:C36. Look in both directions to ____ you are safe before crossing the street.A. enableB. count outC. inspectD. make sure正确答案:D37. His mother helped him select the pop music __________ his taste as his birthday gift.A. offB. inC. toD. up to正确答案:C38. We soon ___ the place where we often meet.A. arrived atB. gotC. cameD. returned正确答案:A39. I was so careless that I threw the __________ letter into the mailbox.A. unpreparedB. unsealedC. unarmedD. unpacked正确答案:B40. She would like to have someone toA. standB. talk withC. talkD. disturb正确答案:B41. ____this flower symbolize something happy?A. IsB. DoC. DoesD. Are正确答案:C42. His children found it hard to ____ him from the simple way of life in the countryside.A. skipB. dissuadeC. tightenD. endure正确答案:B43. ________ the distraction of TV, they might sit around together and talk to one another.A. WithB. BecauseC. DespiteD. Without正确答案:D44. I could ________ you the money. Why didn’t you ask me?A. have lentB. lentC. lendD. be lent正确答案:A45. The old lady was standing by the window ____ suddenly she caught sight of a postman riding along.A. whenB. whileC. becauseD. so正确答案:B46. If the management provides pleasant ________ and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.A. pop musicB. background musicC. light musicD. folk music正确答案:B47. He did not complain, but I can detect from his expression that he did itA. anxiouslyB. absent-mindedC. reluctantlyD. patiently正确答案:C48. My brother used ____ in the same office with John. They are very good friends.A. to workB. workingC. workD. worked正确答案:C49. He is tired of the city and ____the woods and the country.A. looks intoB. gives upC. makes use ofD. longs for正确答案:D50. My mother told ___ to study 5000 English words by the end of the year.A. IB. meC. myselfD. my正确答案:B。

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