备战2022年高考英语必背高频短语语法填空改错限时练06

备战2022年高考英语必背高频短语语法填空改错限时练06
背一背
151. depend on 依靠
152. in debt 负债
153 .be decorated with 装饰着
154. deep into the night 深夜
155 .defend sb. against sth.保卫……免于
in defence of … 以保卫……
156 .date from/date back to… 始于追溯到……(无被动，现在时) 157. decide on sth. 对……作决定
158. be determined to do sth.决心做(状态) determine to do 决定做（动作）
159 .with the development of…随着……发展
160. devote oneself to sth. 献身投身于…= be devoted to…devote one’s time/energy/money/effort…to sth. 把时间，金钱，精力，努力投入到
161.by design 故意地=on purpose
162.die out 灭绝
die of /from 死于(内因)/（外因）
die off 一一死去
163.on a diet 节食
164.be different from与……不同
differ from不同于…...
make a /no difference to… 对...有/没有不同（影响）
tell the difference between A and B 区分与A与B =tell A from B
165. have difficulty/trouble with sth/（in）doing sth.做…有困难166 .dive into 迅速把手伸入一心投入
167 .dig up/out 挖出
168. have dinner 吃晚饭
169 .in this direction 朝这个方向in all directions 朝四面八方170. within walking distance of my house 离我家一步之遥
171.divide…into 把……划分成…… separate…from… 把…… 与…….分离开
172 . I doubt if/whether… 我怀疑…… I don’t doubt that我相信……
There is no doubt that……毫无疑问……
173.dozens of… 许多……two dozen 两打
174. dry out (浸水之物)变干干透dry up (河水井)干涸175. dream of doing sth.梦想做……
176. draw a conclusion 得出结论
177．due to 由于因为sb.be due to do sth. 预定做……178 .discuss sth. with sb. 和……讨论
179 .distinguish A from B 区分A与B
180. from door to door 挨家挨户
写一写
151. depend on
152. in debt
153 .be decorated with
154. deep into the night
155 .defend sb. against sth.
in defence of …
156 .date from/date back to…
157. decide on sth.
158. be determined to do sth.
determine to do
159 .with the development of…
160. devote oneself to sth. = be devoted to…
devote one’s time/energy/money/effort…to sth. 161.by design =on purpose
162.die out
die of /from
die off
163.on a diet
164.be different from
differ from
make a /no difference to…
tell the difference between A and B =tell A from B
165. have difficulty/trouble with sth/（in）doing sth. 166 .dive into
167 .dig up/out
168. have dinner
169 .in this direction
in all directions
170. within walking distance of my house
171.divide…into
separate…from…
172 . I doubt if/whether…
I don’t doubt that
There is no doubt that……
173.dozens of…
two dozen
174.dry out
175.dry up
175. dream of doing sth.
176. draw a conclusion
177．due to
sb.be due to do sth.
178 .discuss sth. with sb.
179 .distinguish A from B
180.from door to door
语法限时练
Passage 1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ___41___(build) originally to protect the city ___42___the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible ___43___(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After ___44___(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___(good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We ___46___(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___(watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____50____(day) routines.
【答案】41. was built 42. in 43. to walk 44. spending 45. better 46. hired 47. but 48. the 49. watchtowers 50. daily
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。

文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。

【41题详解】考查被动语态。

句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。

分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。

【42题详解】考查介词。

句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修
复了。

根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。

故填in。

【43题详解】考查动词不定式。

句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。

分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。

故填to walk。

【44题详解】考查动名词。

句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。

分析句子可知，此处After 为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。

故填spending。

【45题详解】考查形容词比较级。

句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。

根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。

故填better。

【46题详解】考查时态。

句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。

分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。

故填hired。

【47题详解】考查连词。

句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。

后文did the job 和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。

故填but。

48题详解】考查冠词。

句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。

结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。

故填the。

【49题详解】考查名词复数。

句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。

根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。

故填watchtowers。

【50题详解】考查形容词。

句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。

修饰后文名词routines应用day 的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。

故填daily。

Passage 2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Diets have changed in China－and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages
farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005－when the government 68 (start) a soil­testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers－and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank's Juergen V oegele.
体裁：说明文题材：农业发展主题：调整农业结构
【文章大意】本文是说明文，文章介绍了中国近年来根据人们膳食的变化调整农作物种植结构。

61．has grown考查时态。

由句中的时间状语Since 2011可知，此空应用现在完成时。

62．the考查冠词。

此处是特指，故用定冠词the。

over the past 25 years表示“在过去的25年里”。

63．actually考查副词。

这里需填副词来修饰谓语动词is。

64．to improve考查非谓语动词。

不定式to improve water quality作目的状语。

65．than考查介词。

由空前的less可知，此处应用介词than，表示“比”。

66．pollution考查名词。

此处应填pollute的名词形式pollution作宾语。

67．global考查形容词。

此处应填globe的形容词形式global作定语。

68．started考查时态。

根据语境可知，此处叙述发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时，故填started。

69．that/which考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，a soil­testing
program是先行词，指物，且定语从句中缺主语，所以应填关系代词that或which。

70．feeding考查现在分词。

while feeding its citizens是时间状语从句while it is feeding its citizens的省略结构。

又可理解为此处的feed(养活)与主语China为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。

Passage 3
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistake as well.” Immediate, I raised my hand.
答案：
It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin
①begun
. Everyone was
silent, wait
②waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and
③or
her paragraph aloud.
Some of us were confident and eager ∧
④to
take part in the class activity, others were
nervous and anxious. I had done myself
⑤my/the homework but I was shy. I was afraid that
＼
⑥
to speak in front of a larger
⑦large
group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my
father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that include
⑧includes
learning
from textbooks, and mistake
⑨mistakes as well.”Immediate
⑩Immediately
，I raised my hand.
1．begin→begun考查动词的时态。

根据“had”可知，句子用过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是“had＋动词的过去分词”，所以begin要改为begun。

2．wait→waiting考查现在分词。

本句有谓语动词was，没有连词，且句子
的逻辑主语Everyone与wait是主动关系，所以wait 要用其现在分词形式waiting，表伴随。

3．and→or考查连词。

句意：每个人都沉默了，等着看谁会被要求朗读他或她的段落。

一次只能叫一个人，男女两者是选择关系，故把and改为or。

4．eager后加to考查固定搭配。

be eager to do sth “渴望做某事”，故eager 后加to。

5．myself→my或the考查限定词。

由句子的主语“I”可知，此处表示“我的”作业，应用my而不用myself；此处也可特指老师布置的作业，故改为定冠词the也可以。

6．去掉that考查固定搭配。

be afraid to do sth “害怕做某事”，所以that 多余，去掉。

7．larger→large考查形容词。

句意：我不敢在一大群人面前说话。

此处没有比较的含义，故把larger改为large。

8．include→includes考查主谓一致。

that指代learning，作第二个分句的主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数includes。

9．mistake→mistakes考查名词的复数。

此处应用可数名词的复数形式，泛指所有错误。

10．Immediate→Immediately考查副词。

此处要用副词在句中作状语修饰整个句子，故把Immediate改为Immediately。

Passage 4
Last Sunday, while eat in a restaurant, I noticed a bowl full of dumplings on the table next to mine. They must have left by someone. Just then, an old man came in. Judging from her clothes, I believed he were poor. He saw the dumplings left on the
table. Being shyly, he sat down and started eating. The others around look at him, puzzled, but some even laughed at him. Therefore, after finishing the dumplings, he went up to the donation box on the counter, put one hundred yuan in it and left, leaving us all shocked and ashamed about.
We shouldn't judge a person just from his or her appearance. A person which has a loving heart is the richest in the world.
答案：
Last Sunday, while eat
①eating
in a restaurant, I noticed a bowl full of dumplings on
the table next to mine. They must have ∧
②been
left by someone. Just then, an old man
came in. Judging from her
③his clothes, I believed he were
④was
poor. He saw the dumplings
left on the table. Being shyly
⑤shy
，he sat down and started eating. The others around
look ⑥looked at him, puzzled, but
⑦and
some even laughed at him. Therefore
⑧However
，after finishing
the dumplings, he went up to the donation box on the counter, put one hundred yuan in it and left, leaving us all shocked and ashamed about
＼
⑨
.
We shouldn't judge a person just from his or her appearance. A person which
⑩that/who has a loving heart is the richest in the world.
1．eat→eating考查省略句型。

本句为省略句，此处逻辑主语I和eat之间是主动关系，还原后为“while I was eating”，省略了be 动词和主语，故将eat改为eating。

2．have后加been考查动词的语态。

主语They与谓语leave为被动关系，故在have后面加been。

3．her→his考查代词。

由“he”可知，此处用his。

故将her改为his。

4．were→was考查主谓一致。

主语为he，系动词为was。

故将were改为
was。

5．shyly→shy考查形容词。

be后接形容词作表语。

故将shyly改为shy。

6．look→looked考查动词的时态。

由“some even laughed at him”可知，此处为两个并列句，且句子为一般过去时。

故将look改为looked。

7．but→and考查连词。

“looked at him”和“laughed at him”之间应为并列关系，所以用and来连接。

故将but改为and。

8．Therefore→However考查副词。

前文提到人们嘲笑男人吃桌上遗留的饺子，后文提到男人在捐款箱里放入了一百元。

前后表示转折关系，且有标点符号。

故将Therefore改为However。

9．去掉about考查形容词。

本句为leave＋名词/代词＋形容词，表示“使……处于某种状态”的用法，形容词作宾语补足语。

故去掉about。

10．which→that/who考查定语从句的引导词。

a person为先行词，引导词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that/who。

故将which改为that/who。