2022-2023学年初高英语衔接五种基本句型课件

（分词）
He came home out of humour. （介词短语）
句子成分
+ Be动词
+ 感官动词 (look; sound; smell, taste; feel)
+ seem; look; appear; become; get; grow; turn; go; come; remain; keep taste; smell etc.
He went to school in spite of his illness.
宾语补足语：有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个 宾语补足语，说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足，使句子的 意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有 ： make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let. I found the book interesting. Do you smell something burning? He made himself known to them. She asked me to lend her a hand.
基本句型
4. 去年王老师教我们英语。（主+谓+间宾+直宾） _M_i_ss__W_a_n_g__t_a_u_g_h_t_u_s_E_n_g_l_is_h__la_s_t_y_e_a_r_. _______________ _______________________________________________ 5. 当时我看到那些孩子在河边玩。（主+谓+宾+宾补） _I _sa_w__t_h_o_s_e_c_h_i_ld_r_e_n_p_l_a_y_in_g__a_t_t_h_e_r_iv_e_r_s_id_e__a_t _th_a_t_t_i_m_e_._ _______________________________________________
英语简单句的五种基本句型
目录
CONTENTS
01 句子成分 02 基本句型 03 There be句型
PART 01
句子成分
谓语 宾语
句子成分
主语
表语
定语 状语 补语
主语
名词、代词、数词、
不定式（to do） 动名词（V-ing）、The+adj.
谓语
宾语
表语
动词或动词词组 跟在系动词后
句子成分
形容词、名词、数词、 名词所有格、动名词、分词
定语 状语
补语
地点、时间、原因、 目的、结果、条件、 方向、程度、方式 和伴随状况等。
说明主语或宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足， 使句子的意义完整。
主语：句子说明的人或事物
Jane is good at playing the piano. （名词）
What he has said is true.
（句子）
Hale Waihona Puke 谓语：说明主语的动作、状态和特征 简单谓语：由动词或动词词组组成 They go shopping once a week. I saw the flag on the top of the hill. He has looked after the two orphans for five years. 复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词+动词组成 He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing
状
主谓
5）She wants a red rose.
主谓
定宾
Exercises:选择填空
( B ) 1. The weather ____.A. wet and cold B. is wet and cold C. not wet and cold D. were wet and cold
D ( ) 2. The apple tasted ____. A.Bsweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet ( ) 3. He got up ____ yesterday morning. A.Blately B. late C. latest D. latter ( ) 4. The actor ______at the age of 70. A. dead B. died C. dyed D. deaded
loAoked
PART 02
基本句型
基本句型
主语+系动词+表语
1
2
主语+谓语
主语+谓语+宾语
3
4 5 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
基本句型
基本句型 一
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表） 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能 表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状 态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动 词叫做系动词。
They asked to see my passport. （不定式）
I enjoy working with you.
（动名词）
Did you write down what he said? （句子）
表语：在系动词后的部分就是表语 The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. I’m not quite myself today. That remains a puzzle. I don’t feel at ease. The fact is that he doesn't really try. (表语从句)
eg: He gives me some seeds. My mom bought me a new school bag.
基本句型
基本句型 五
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词， 但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上 一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
eg: We should keep the plants in the shade. They made me laugh out loud.
基本句型
按要求翻译，如有其他译法请写在第二行。
1. 1984年至1990年我在光明小学学习。（主+谓） _I _st_u_d_i_e_d_i_n_G_u_a_n_g__m_i_n_g_P_r_im__a_r_y_S_c_h_o_o_l_f_ro__m__1_9_8_4_t_o_1_9_9_0.
eg: Plants need water. She cooked a meal. I'm sure that he will come soon.
基本句型 四
基本句型
Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有 两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是 动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。 通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的 间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词 往往被省略。
宾语：动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语
Show your passport, please.
（名词 ）
She didn't say anything.
(代词）
How many do you want? - I want two. (数词)
They sent the injured to hospital. (名词化的形容词)
eg: Time flies. They work hard. What he wants is a brand new computer.
基本句型 三
基本句型
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾） 此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是 主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一 个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词 叫做及物动词。
I waited to see you.
He often went to school by bus.
His parents died, leaving him an orphan.
Please call me if it is necessary.
This book is very interesting.
He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词)
There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词)
His spoken language is good. (过去分词)
状语：说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式 和伴随状况等。 I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that I missed the train.
_______________________________________________ 2I e.n在joy业lis余ten时ing间p我op喜mu欢sic听an流d c行olle音ct乐ing和sta收mp集s i邮n m票y 。spa（re 主tim+e.谓+宾） _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 3H.e当loo时ks他un看hap起py来at不tha高t t兴ime。. （主+系+表） _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________
eg: The flower is dead. He doesn't feel good. The trouble is that I lost his address.
基本句型
基本句型 二
Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓） 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都 能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面 可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
She went out in a hurry.
（代词）
Four plus four is eight.
（数词）
To see is to believe.
（不定式）
Smoking is bad for health.
（动名词）
The young should respect the old. （名词化的形容词）
主语补足语：大部分形容词可作主语补足语，此外，还有名词、不
定式，分词，介词短语。
Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. （形容词）
He was called Olive.
（名词）
He was seen to go upstairs. （不定式）
Starting as a street vender, he is now a manager of a famous company.
定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句
He is a clever boy.
(形容词)
His father works in a steel work. (名词)
There are 54students in our class. (数词)
Do you known betty’s sister? (名词的所有格)
Exercises:选择填空
( A ) 5. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.
A. We, us B. Us, we C. We, our D. We, we
( C ) 6. He found the street much ______. A. crowd B. crowding
C. crowded D. crowdedly( ) 7.I think _____necessary to learn
EBnglish well. A. its
B. it
C. that
D. that is( ) 8. The
dog ____ mad. A. looks B. is looked C. is being looked D. was
句子成分
Exercises:分析句子结构
1）You are a student.
主系
表
2）He felt happy today.
主系 表
3）What you said made me happy.
主
谓 宾 宾补
4）After he finished his homework, he went away.