早教英文课程ppt

Plasticity
 Change is possible, based on experiences.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Resilient Children
 Personal characteristics  A warm parental relationship  Social support outside the immediate family  Community resources and opportunities
 Inborn, biologic givens  Based on genetic inheritance
Nurture (Experience)
 Physical and social world  Influences biological and
psychological development

 -a combination of experience and biological factors

 Give an example of a change in your own development

that demonstrates what you think.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011
Cognitive  Intellectual abilities  Language
Emotional  Emotional communication and Social  Self-understanding, knowledge about
others  Interpersonal skills & relationships  Moral reasoning & behavior
The study of children’s development
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Questions
(put your name at the top)

 1. From your own experience, do you think that development is continuous, discontinuous, or both? Give one or more examples to illustrate your thinking.
Figure 1.1
1. Continuous or discontinuous? 2. One course of development or many
possible courses? 3. Relative influence of nature and nurture?
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011
© Ami Beyer | Dreamstime.com
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Eating Dinner Together Can Make a Difference

Figure 2.8

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Historical Views of Childhood
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Periods of Development

Prenatal
Infancy and Toddlerhood
Early Childhood
源自文库
Conception to birth Birth to 2 years 2 to 6 years

Middle Childhood

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Stability vs. Plasticity?

Stability
 Individuals high or low in a characteristic remain so at later ages.
 Early experience may a have lifelong impact.

Domains of Development
Domain Changes in
Physical  Body size & proportions, appearance  Functioning of body systems, health  Perceptual & motor capacities

Continuous or Discontinuous Development

Figure 1.2

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Nature and Nurture

© Stuart Monk | Dreamstime.com

Nature (Biology &
genetics)

Medieval Era 16th Century

 2. In your view, when people change or develop this is mostly as a result of:

 -experiences they have

 -their genetic makeup and underlying biological changes
 describes behavior.  explains behavior.  predicts behavior.
Photodisc, Education 2 Royalty Free
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Basic Issues in Development

6 to 11 years

Adolescence

11 to 18 years

Emerging Adulthood 18 to 25 years

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Theory
An orderly, integrated set of statements that