NPI_Functions
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生态学复习资料
生态学的定义：研究生物与其环境相互关系的科学。
Gaia假说:英国科学家J. Lovelock于20世纪60年代提出，假说内容：地球表面的温度和化学组成是受地球表面的生命总体（生物圈）主动调节的。
生态学研究的总体原则：（1）整体观:始终把不同层次的研究对象作为一个生态整体看待（2）综合观:任何生态过程都是综合因素作用的结果（3）层次观:研究高级层次的结构、过程和功能必须了解低层次的结构功能和运动规律，研究低层次的研究要以高层次为背景（4）系统观:系统分析的方法即能区分系统的各要素，研究其相互关系和动态变化，同时又要综合各要素的行为，探讨系统的整体表现（5）进化观:历史地看问题。
大环境（macroenvironment）：是指地区环境（具有不同气候和植被特点的地理区域）、地球环境（包括各圈的全球环境）和宇宙环境。
如如西双版纳的环境，昆明黑龙潭环境，太阳黑子等等小环境（microenvironment）：是指对生物有着直接影响的邻接环境。
如生物个体表面的大气环境、土壤环境和动物穴内的小气候等。
生态因子：指环境中对生物的生长、发育、生殖、行为和分布有着直接或间接影响的环境要素。
即环境要素中对生物起作用的因子。
（生态因子和环境因子的区别）生态因子根据性质划分为：气候因子：如温度、水分、光照、风、气压和雷电等。
土壤因子：如土壤结构、土壤成分的理化性质及土壤生物等。
地形因子：如陆地、海洋、海拔高度、山脉的走向与坡度等。
生物因子：包括动物、植物和微生物之间的各种相互作用。
人为因子：人类活动对自然的破坏及对环境的污染。
密度制约因子：环境因子中，对动物作用的强度随动物的密度而变化的因子。
非密度制约因子：环境因子中，对动物作用的强度与动物密度变化无关的因子。
温度、降水等气候因子。
生态因子的作用特征：利比希最小因子定律限制因子耐受限度和生态幅黄化现象（etiolation phenomenon)：缺乏足够的光照，植物发芽后生长为黄色植株。
打印机I O设置说明书
I/O 子菜单I/O（输入/输出）菜单中的项目会影响打印机和计算机之间的通信。
I/O 超时子菜单并行输入子菜单EIO X Jetdirect 子菜单仅在打印机的 EIO 插槽中安装了 EIO 设备（如 HP Jetdirect 打印服务器）时，EIO （增强输入/输出）子菜单才会显示。
菜单中的项目视安装的特定附件产品而定。
如果打印机配有HP Jetdirect 打印服务器 EIO 卡，则可以使用 EIO 菜单配置基本网络参数。
您还可以通过HP Web Jetadmin 或其它网络配置工具（如通过使用 T elnet 或浏览内嵌式 Web 服务器）配置这些和其它参数。
有关 EIO 子菜单的更多信息，请参阅随 EIO Jetdirect 卡附带的说明文档。
项目值说明I/O TIMEOUT=15（I/O 超时=15）5 至 300选择 I/O 超时时间（以秒计）。
（I/O 超时时间以秒计，是指打印作业结束前打印机等待的时间。
）此设置可使您调整超时时间，以获得最佳性能。
如果在打印作业期间其它端口有数据输入，则需增加超时时间。
项目值说明HIGH SPEED=YES （高速=是）YES （是）NO （否）与较新的计算机连接时，打印机使用速度较快的并行通信。
ADVANCEDFUNCTIONS=ON （高级功能=启用）ON （启用）OFF （关闭）打开或关闭双向并行通信功能。
默认设置为使用双向并行端口 (IEEE-1284)。
此设置允许打印机向计算机发送状态反馈信息。
（打开并行高级功能可能会降低语言转换速度。
）内嵌式 Jetdirect 子菜单项目选项值说明TCP/IP ENABLE（启用）HOST NAME（主机名称）CONFIGMETHOD（配置方法）DHCP RELEASE（DHCP 释放）DHCP RENEW（DHCP 更新）MANUALSETTINGS（手动设置）ON（启用）OFF（关闭）BOOTPDHCPAUTO IP（自动 IP）MANUAL（手动）NO（否，默认值）YES（是）IP ADDRESS（IP 地址）SUBNET MASK（子网掩码）SYSLOGSERVER（系统记录服务器）DEFAULTGATEWAY（默认网关）IDLE TIMEOUT（空闲超时）启用 TCP/IP 协议。
SIM卡应用技术规范
v1.0 可编辑可修改中国移动通信集团公司业务卡管理体系SIM卡应用技术规范中国移动通信集团公司二○○一年十一月1范围 (5)2引用标准 (5)3符号和缩略语 (8)4SIM卡应用工具箱概述 (9)4.1概要信息下载 (10)4.2主动式SIM卡 (10)4.3下载数据到SIM卡 (10)4.4菜单选择 (11)4.5SIM卡呼叫控制 (11)4.6SIM卡的MO短消息控制 (11)4.7事件下载 (11)4.8安全 (11)5概要信息下载 (12)5.1过程 (12)5.2TERMINAL PROFILE的结构和编码： (12)6主动式SIM卡 (18)6.1概述 (18)6.2主动式SIM卡命令描述 (21)6.2.1DISPLAY TEXT (22)6.2.1.1命令和过程 (22)6.2.1.2FETCH（DISPLAY TEXT）命令结构 (23)6.2.2GET INKEY (25)6.2.2.1命令和过程 (25)6.2.2.2FETCH（GET INKEY）命令结构 (27)6.2.3GET INPUT (28)6.2.3.1命令和过程 (28)6.2.3.2FETCH（GET INPUT）命令结构 (29)6.2.4MORE TIME (31)6.2.4.1命令和过程 (31)6.2.4.2FETCH（MORE TIME）命令结构 (31)6.2.5PLAY TONE (32)6.2.5.1命令和过程 (32)6.2.5.2FETCH（PLAY TONE）命令结构 (33)6.2.6POLL INTERVAL (36)6.2.6.1命令和过程 (36)6.2.6.2FETCH（POLL INTERVAL）命令结构 (36)6.2.7REFRESH (37)6.2.7.1命令和过程 (37)6.2.7.2FETCH（REFRESH）命令结构 (40)6.2.8SET UP MENU (41)6.2.8.1命令和过程 (41)6.2.8.2FETCH（SET UP MENU）命令结构 (43)6.2.9SELECT ITEM (45)6.2.9.1命令和过程 (45)6.2.9.2FETCH（SELECT ITEM）命令结构 (46)6.2.10SEND SHORT MESSAGE (48)6.2.10.1命令和过程 (48)6.2.10.2FETCH（SEND SHORT MESSAGE）命令结构 (49)6.2.11SEND SS (53)6.2.11.1命令和过程 (53)6.2.11.2FETCH（SEND SS）命令结构 (55)6.2.12SEND USSD (57)6.2.12.1命令和过程 (57)6.2.12.2FETCH（SEND USSD）命令结构 (59)6.2.13SET UP CALL (62)6.2.13.1命令和过程 (62)6.2.13.2FETCH（SET UP CALL）命令结构 (65)6.2.14POLLING OFF (67)6.2.14.1命令和过程 (67)6.2.14.2FETCH（POLLING OFF）命令结构 (68)6.2.15PROVIDE LOCAL INFORMATION (68)6.2.15.1命令和过程 (68)6.2.15.2FETCH（PROVIDE LOCAL INFORMATION）命令结构 (69)6.2.16SET UP EVENT LIST (70)6.2.16.1命令和过程 (70)6.2.16.2FETCH（SET UP EVENT LIST）命令结构 (71)7命令结果(TERMINAL RESPONSE) (72)7.1.1.1TERMINAL RESPONSE 命令结构 (74)8下载数据到SIM卡 (78)8.1点到点短消息(SMS-PP)数据下载 (78)8.1.1过程 (78)8.1.2ENVELOPE (SMS点到点下载) 命令结构 (79)8.2小区广播短消息(SMS-CB)数据下载 (80)8.2.1过程 (80)8.2.2ENVELOPE (小区广播下载) 命令结构 (81)9菜单选择(MENU SELECTION) (81)9.1过程 (82)9.2ENVELOPE(菜单选择)命令结构 (82)10SIM卡的呼叫控制 (83)10.1移动端发起的呼叫过程 (83)10.2补充业务及USSD的过程 (85)10.3给用户的指示 (86)10.4固定拨号的交互操作 (88)10.5支持禁止拨号（BDN）业务 (88)10.6ENVELOPE（呼叫控制）命令结构 (89)11SIM卡的MO短消息控制 (92)11.1过程 (92)11.2ENVELOPE（MO短消息控制）命令结构 (92)12定时器终止 (94)12.1过程 (95)12.2ENVELOPE（定时器终止）命令结构 (95)13事件下载 (96)13.1MT呼叫事件 (96)13.1.1过程 (96)13.1.2ENVELOPE（事件下载-MT呼叫）命令结构 (97)13.2已连接呼叫事件 (98)13.2.1过程 (98)13.2.2ENVELOPE（事件下载-已连接呼叫）命令结构 (99)13.3呼叫拆线事件 (101)13.3.1过程 (101)13.3.2ENVELOPE（事件下载-呼叫拆线）命令结构 (101)13.4位置状态事件 (103)13.4.1过程 (103)13.4.2ENVELOPE（事件下载-位置状态）命令结构 (104)13.5用户动作事件 (105)13.5.1过程 (105)13.5.2ENVELOPE（事件下载-用户动作）命令结构 (105)13.6空闲屏幕可用事件 (106)13.6.1过程 (106)13.6.2ENVELOPE（事件下载-空闲屏幕可用）命令结构 (106)14标记值 (107)14.1ME到SIM卡方向的BER-TLV标记 (107)14.2SIM卡到ME方向的BER-TLV标记 (107)14.3双向SIMPLE-TLV标记 (108)14.4命令及下一个动作指示器的类型 (111)14.5允许命令类型及设备标识的组合 (113)附录A ME支持的SIM卡应用工具箱 (114)附录B SIM卡应用工具箱通信的结构 (116)附录C ME支持的SIM卡应用工具箱（STK） (117)1范围本规范的制定是为了保证中国移动通信集团公司900/1800MHz TDMA数字蜂窝移动通信网的移动台中支持“SIM卡应用工具箱”的SIM卡和移动设备（ME）之间能够正常运行。
BYD 产品简介
比亚迪微电子公司2010年5月 比亚迪股份有限公司比亚迪微电子公司简介比亚迪微电子成立于2003年3月为国内外市场提供有竞争力的研发和产品解决方案 支持比亚迪集团的垂直整合战略，为集团提供所需 产品资源 致力于手机，汽车，新能源市场比亚迪微电子目前有超过1500名员工其中有百分之七十为研发工程师 占地25，000平米专注于半导体产品的研发和生产CMOS 图像传感器和处理芯片 电源管理芯片 功率场效应管 IGBT 芯片和模组 电流传感器 触控芯片和触摸板 音频系列芯片 瞬态电压抑制二极管CMOS图像传感器用于摄像手机 CMOS Image Sensors for Video phone电阻式/电容式多点触摸控制芯片用于手机触摸屏 Resistive/ Capacitive Multi-touch Controller for touch panel消噪芯片用于通话环境噪声抑制 Ambient Noise Suppression IC for phone conversation电容式按键触摸控制芯片用于手机按键导航键 Capacitive Touch Key Controller for touch key and touch navigationD/AB类音频功放用于驱动手机喇叭 Class D/AB Audio Power Amplifier for driving speaker低压MOSFET用于手机充电管理 LV MOSFET for charge management AC-DC及光耦用于手机充电适配器 AC-DC and photocoupler for adapter 5V/12V单向双向（低电容）ESD保护器件 低压MOSFET、单节锂电池保护芯片 5V/12V Uni- / Bi-direction (Low Capacitance) 用于手机电池保护 ESD Protector LV MOSFET & 1-cell Li+ Battery protection IC for Battery cell protect circuit电阻式/电容式多点触摸控制芯片 用于笔记本触摸屏 Resistive/ Capacitive Multi-touch Controller for Notebook touch panelD/AB类音频功放用于笔记本立体扬声器驱动 Class D/AB Audio Power Amplifier for driving Notebook stereo speaker消噪芯片用于通话环境噪声抑制 Ambient Noise Suppression IC for phone conversationCMOS图像传感器用于笔记本 CMOS Image Sensors for Notebook 高压MOSFET、AC-DC 、光耦、功率因数 校正器用于适配器 HV MOSFET，AC-DC, photocoupler & PFC Controller for adapter电容式按键触摸控制芯片用于笔记本按键控制 Capacitive Touch Key Controller for Notebook touch key controlLDO用于笔记本 LDO for Notebook触摸板模组用于笔记本，支持多点触摸 Touch Pad Module for Notebook, support multi-touch降压DC/DC用于笔记本 Step-down DC/DC for Notebook低压MOSFET、双节/多节电池保护芯片、电 量计用于笔记本电池保护 LV MOSFET，2-cell/Multi-cell Battery 5V/12V单向双向（低电容） Protector IC & Gas Gauge for Notebook ESD保护器件 5V/12V Uni- / Bi-direction (Low Capacitance) ESD ProtectorMOS管、马达驱动用于车身直流马达驱动 高压MOSFET用于点火线圈驱动 MOSFET, Motor Driver for DC Motor HV MOSFET for Ignition coil drivers低频发射芯片用于智能无钥匙系统 Keyless LF Transmitter IC for auto倒车雷达系统 Car Reversing Aid SystemsDC-DC 用于车载DVD 电阻式/电容式多点触控芯片用于车载GPS DC-DC for P-DVD Resistive/ Capacitive Multi-touch Controller for GPSCMOS图像传感器用于倒车系统 CMOS Image Sensor for Car Reversing Systems电容式按键触摸控制芯片用于汽车按键控制 Capacitive Touch Key Controller for Automotive touch key control高压MOSFET用于燃料喷射器驱动 HV MOSFET for Fuel injector drivers高压MOS管用于HID灯 HV MOSFET for HID光耦用于电池管理系统 Photocoupler for Battery management system高压MOSFET用于电动助力转向系统 HV MOSFET for Electric power steering大功率TVS管用于汽车浪涌保护 HP TVS for surge discharging比亚迪微电子各部门及产品分布总览总经理办公室其它部门产品一部产品二部产品三部研发部财务部 运营部 品质部 制造部 设计服务部 工程应用部 技术市场部 业务发展部 人力资源部 总经办 综合办功率场效应管 锂电保护芯片 充电器芯片 DC/DC 芯片 LDO/Motor 芯片 LED 驱动芯片 IGBT 芯片及模组 电量计 电源管理单元VGA 1/8” VGA 1/10” 2MP 1/4” 5MP 1/3.2” VGA PAL/NTSC电阻式多点触摸控制芯片 电容式触摸屏控制芯片 电容式触摸按键控制芯片 触摸板模组 AB/D类音频功放 净音IC TVS PFC 控制芯片 全系列LED 驱动芯片 汽车相关IC多媒体控制芯片 车载 MCU 车载光耦模块 电流传感器比亚迪微电子客户群比亚迪微电子产品三部概况Number of Employee : 239 Organization of Product Dept. IIIDept. III Manager Neil YangLine 1Line 2Line 3Line 4Line 5Line 6OtherTouch key Controller, Touch screen Controller, Touch-pad controllerKeyless Transmitter, Keyless Transceiver, RF IC, MEMS MICAudio Power Amplifier (Class AB\D), Ambient Noise Cancellation ICTouch PadTVS Diode, ESD Protectors, Motor driver, CRAS controllerPFC, LED driverAE科 FAE 科 NPI 科 市场开发科 综合管理科产品三部主要产品展示Resistive Multi-touch ControllerCapacitive Touch Panel ControllerCapacitive Touch Key ControllerTouch Pad ModuleAudio Power AmplifierPure Sound IC for Ambient Noise SuppressionTVSPFCTouchpad产品线概况员工人数Number of Employee : 33Product Manager： 1人 Project Manager： 1人 Product Marketing Manager：1人 Software Engineer：15人 Hardware Engineer：5人 Field applcation Engineer：5人 Test Engineer ：5人120 100 80Touchpad产品线人员规划10060 60 40 20 20 0 33Series of Products :BTPSXXXXX、 BTPSXXXXX…年份2009 2010 2011 2012Our Strength:Proprietary sensor ic completely Design in-house Excellence cost performance In time technical support Customization Service Shorter lead time Trustworthy partner--TSMCTouch Pad IntroductionThe BYD Touchpad is an enhanced version of the Finger-Sensing. It supports normal mouse operations. including： Tap Double-Tap Tap& Drag Movement Button WheelFeaturesCapacitive type XP/Vista/Win7 PS/2®and IIC interface Provides smooth and reliable finger detection Low fatigue pointing action Low power consumption Configurable device mounting orientation Light weight Optimized parametersNaming RuleB TP S 6740 D N 2 U A1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9ID1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9ContentManufacturer Products Touch Type Dimension Pin Description Color of Mylar Button QTY Connector Orientation Version Number B: BYDInterpretationTP: Touchpad S: Single-touch M: Multi-touch 67mm × 40mm D: different R: red W: white… N: none2: two button U: up D: down A: version one B: version twoProduct ListPart NumberBTPS7740DN2UA BTPS6740DN2UA BTPS5440DN2UA BTPS8442DN2NA BTPS6030DN2UA BTPS6549DN2UA BTPS6034DN2UA BTPS7442DN2UA BTPS10861DN2UA BTPS8644DN2UA BTPS4833DN2UAWidth (mm) & Height (mm) & PCB Thickness (mm)77.2± 0.25; 40.1± 0.25; 0.91±0.15 67.0± 0.25; 40.0± 0.25; 0.91±0.15 53.5± 0.25; 39.8± 0.25; 0.91±0.15 84.0± 0.25; 42.0± 0.25; 0.91±0.15 60.0± 0.25; 29.7± 0.25; 0.91±0.15 65.0± 0.25; 49.0± 0.25; 0.91±0.15 60.4± 0.25; 34.2± 0.25; 0.91±0.15 73.9± 0.25; 41.9± 0.25; 0.91±0.15 108.0± 0.25; 61.0± 0.25; 0.91±0.15 84.4± 0.25; 43.8± 0.25; 0.91±0.15 48.0± 0.25; 32.5± 0.25; 0.91±0.15DescriptionSingle Touch Single Touch Single Touch Single Touch Single Touch Single Touch Single Touch Single Touch Single Touch Single Touch Single TouchCompatible ModuleSynaptics TM-01059 Synaptics TM-00450 Synaptics TM-00336 Synaptics TM-00268 Synaptics TM-01134 Synaptics TM-41B Synaptics TM-01198 Synaptics TM-00378 Synaptics TM-01100 Synaptics TM-01152 Synaptics TM-01058We provide customized serviceGesturesThe choice of human-computer InteractionTouch Pad GesturesSingle Touch Basic Mouse FunctionsMulti Touch Various ExperienceTouchPad RoadmapMP DevelopingMult-TouchMPSingle-TouchMPQ3Q4Q1Q2Q320092010Our TargetDesire to Market Share Target CustomerOtherBYD Synaptics……Thank you !。
新产品引进程序
文 件 编 号 : MEP-07Procedure No 版 本 号 : 04 Rev. No 主题(Title) :新产品引进程序NEW PRODUCT INTRODUCTIONPROCEDURE总 页 数 : 18Total Pages实 施 日 期 : 08/14/00Effective Date 编 制 : H.L. NgaOriginator审 核 : Lai Beng AngApproved By 相关部门批准APPROVALS / CONCURRENCE□ 生 产 部 : 日 期 :_____________Manufacturing Date□ 品 保 部 : : 日 期 : :__________________________Quality Assurance Date□ 工 程 部 : : 日 期 ::________________ ____MFG Engineering Date□ 物 料 部 : : 日 期 :___________ :______________Material Date□ 商 务 部 : : 日 期 : Program Date□ 财 务 部 : 日 期 :__________ :__________________ Finance Date□ 人 事 部 : : 日 期 :__________ :__________________Human Resources Date文件修改记录REVISION HISTORY版本号Rev.修改内容Description/Changes修改人Originator日期Date01 02 03 04First Issue 首次发行Mention Deviation Procedure and Increase NPI review time.提出工艺更改及增加NPI 的审查时间Update Checklist for Data Collection Functions,ESD,modify CPK statement更新数据收集功能的检验表格,ESD,并修改CPK 的状态Revise to include process generic flowchart, process management plan,definitions of responsibilities, use of statistical technique in NPI and sampleNPI report.增加了产品通用的流程图，工艺管理计划，NPI报告，各部门责任，统计技术在NPI的运用。
SAP-working-instruction
SAP working instructionReady First (2)一MM03-Master data review (4)二MMBE-Stock overview (10)三MD04-Stock requirement list (12)四VB13-Display material determination (14)五SE16-Functional equivalent (16)六ME21N-Create PO (17)七ME22N-Change PO (20)八ME23N-Display PO (24)九ME29N-Individual release PO (24)十ME28-Collective release PO (26)十一VK11-Creat MOQ Hold (28)十二VK12-Review and Change MOQ Hold (31)十三VK13-Display MOQ Hold Status (32)十四YIG02-MOQ hold orders report (32)十五ME51N-Creat PR (34)十六ME54N-Rlease PR (36)十七ME57N-Transfer PR to PO (39)十八ME29N-Relese PO (45)十九ME52N-Review and Change PR (46)二十ME53N-Display PR (47)二十一ME5A-Display PR Record. (47)二十二ME55- Release Batch PR. (50)二十三PO Business Rule (52)Ready First* PO release 注意事项:a, 电池/电源/CCC备件一定要下在上海, Release PR/PO的时候,注意plant是F4D2. b, 电池和电源要单独下PO, 而且每个PO只能下一个备件号, 同时电池的每个PO的数量也有限制,为29个.c, 在下单之前要确认该备件的Material Group, 是FG11还是QT19. 其属性可以在Part MST中获得,或者使用MM03在MRP2中确认. QT19必须手工输入.同时要注意,FG11和QT19不能在同一个PO中同时出现; 不同的Vendor也不允许在同一个PO出现.d, 每个PO最多只允许有49个Iteme, 每个PO的TTL INV不能高于$156K; 每个PR每个不能超出78K.f, 确认该备件的Supplier, 是H499还是C299. 并且要和Vendor Code对应40002177(H499) ; 40001706(C299)g, 同一个PO中,不允许一个P/N在不同的Item出现大于1次.h, 确认Vendor P/N存在i , 当release NPI 新initial备件的时候,由于系统生效及过渡需要2小时左右,所以一定要在该备件在系统中生效后2小时之后才能操作,否则该备件会被Hold住.j, 其他PO注意事项请仔细阅读最后的PO Business Rule.* 修改PR/PO数量注意事项.当且仅当出现以下两种情况才允许修改PO数量.a. PO中的备件A由于EOL或者Shortage需要将Qty转移给B的时候,可以将A的PO数量修改(或删除). 出现该种情况,F499/C299的Planner会邮件通知.注意保留邮件.b. 当整个PO的INV大于150K的时候,可以主动进行修改.非以上两种情况,请不要修改PO数量.* 修改PO数量的流程.不论什么情况,修改PO数量,一定要首先在EASITOOL中Log Ticket,得到OM确认后,才可以在SAP中进行操作. 以下举例简单说明.收到Supplier通知, A备件已经EOL,需要将现在PO中Open的Qty转移到B.SAP中,使用MMBE屏,查到所有Open的PO的PO #.在EASITOOL网站输入邮件地址以及NT ACNT的密码,登陆.在右上角有该内容,选择Review Orders,进入该选项.在该页面中填写需要修改的PO的S/O号码(第一行),或者SAP PO号(第三行). 回车会看到所有的Item选择需要修改的Item. 如选择.点击进入.接下来在New Ticket中选择Cancel Order.在接下来的Detail中写出详细原因.然后提交.然后等待OM确认是否可以Cancel.OM确认后,会以邮件形式通知.然后才可以在SAP中操作.一 MM03-Master data review1.输入mm03, 回车2.输入material 回车3.选择想看的view, 点击4.输入plant，点击5.Purchaseing下可以看purchasing group, plant-sp-matl status(PSMS)6.MRP1下可以看MPR group, MRP controller, Minimum lot size(MOQ), Rounding value(MOD)7. MRP2下可以看procurement type, special procurement, safety stock8. Sales org.1下可以看X-distr.chain status二 MMBE-Stock overview1.输入mmbe, 回车2.输入material, plant, storage location,选择运行图标3.查看库存情况Unrestricted use: SAP on hand stockReserved: In transit stockOpen order qty: open order stock4.查看详细信息单击”FG11 Finish Goods”选择Environment -Open Purchase Orders: 查看PO信息选择Environment -Reservation：查看在途信息选择Environment -Material Movement：查看备件movement信息三 MD04-Stock requirement list1.输入md04, 回车2.输入material, MRP area, plant 回车3. 查看requirement list“MRP element”列：Stock: FG stockShLine: open purchase orderSafeSt: safety stockPurRqs: open purchase requisition Inqury: back ordersStLcSt: other inventory locations Delivery: sales orderTr. Res: 国内补库request4.双击PN可以看master data5.单击或者双击一行，选择图标看以查看具体信息四 VB13-Display material determination1.输入vb13, 回车2.输入ZS02 回车，选择material entered3.输入material，单击图标五 SE16-Functional equivalent1.输入se16 回车2.输入YFUNC_EQUIV 回车3.输入material单击图标4.查看六 ME21N-Create POHave you know the Guideline；* PO release 注意事项:a, 电池/电源/CCC备件一定要下在上海, Release PR/PO的时候,注意plant是F4D2. b, 电池和电源要单独下PO, 而且每个PO只能下一个备件号, 同时电池的每个PO的数量也有限制,为29个.c, 在下单之前要确认该备件的Material Group, 是FG11还是QT19. 其属性可以在Part MST中获得,或者使用MM03在MRP2中确认. QT19必须手工输入.同时要注意,FG11和QT19不能在同一个PO中同时出现; 不同的Vendor也不允许在同一个PO出现.d, 每个PO最多只允许有49个Iteme, 每个PO的TTL INV不能高于$156K; 每个PR每个不能超出78K.f, 确认该备件的Supplier, 是H499还是C299. 并且要和Vendor Code对应40002177(H499) ; 40001706(C299)g, 同一个PO中,不允许一个P/N在不同的Item出现大于1次.h, 确认Vendor P/N存在i , 当release NPI 新initial备件的时候,由于系统生效及过渡需要2小时左右,所以一定要在该备件在系统中生效后2小时之后才能操作,否则该备件会被Hold住.j, 其他PO注意事项请仔细阅读最后的PO Business Rule.1.输入me21n 回车2.选择ZIC(Inter Company PO)ZPTP(Plant to Plant STO)是DC到DC order3.输入信息(1) Vendor-40002177(H499); 40001706(C299)(2) header中输入Purch Org, Purch group, Company CodePurch Org: P674Purch group: buyer code(每人三个buyer code, 建议用可以在两个plant都可以下单的buyer code)Company Code: CN00(3) Item overview中输入Material, PO quantity, Plnt, SLo如果需要通过邮件接收invoice(4) Header-Address-Address details中输入邮件地址如果需要下hotline订单(5) Item detail-Delivery-Shipping instr中选择”95 DEL PRI NBD Wty, Contract”Notes：hotline订单同时还需要在easitool上升级(6) 注意检查PO状态.A. 当输入完成信息后,检查中信息,确保该Item PO的Vendor存在.如果不存在,请手工输入.B. 检查项目中,, 该框不应该被选中.C. 检查项目,不应该有红色提示.(7) 点save七 ME22N-Change POHave you Read the Guideline and know the process.* 修改PR/PO数量注意事项.当且仅当出现以下两种情况才允许修改PO数量.a. PO中的备件A由于EOL或者Shortage需要将Qty转移给B的时候,可以将A的PO数量修改(或删除). 出现该种情况,F499/C299的Planner会邮件通知.注意保留邮件.b. 当整个PO的INV大于156K的时候,可以主动进行修改.非以上两种情况,请不要修改PO数量.* 修改PO数量的流程.不论什么情况,修改PO数量,一定要首先在EASITOOL中Log Ticket,得到OM确认后,才可以在SAP中进行操作.具体例子见上.1.输入me22n 回车2.点击图标，在Pur order中输入要修改的PO number选择PO，点击Other document2.修改PO quantity, 点save3.修改成功Notes：请不要轻易修改PO，如果修改PO可能会产生新的output，一定要删除修改后新产生的output4. output位于菜单栏message下5.删除PO选中item，单击垃圾桶图标，选择Yes，点save八 ME23N-Display PO1.输入me23n 回车2.查看PO九 ME29N-Individual release PO1.输入me29n 回车2.选择PO F4400019273.点击图标不同的code需要不同level的person 去SAP release, 请一定不要让Anita以上的leader release, 否则会死得很惨J0: BuyerJ0, KF: Buyer, AnitaJ0, KF, KG: Buyer, Anita, Bao HaihuiJ0, KF, KG, JN: Buyer, Anita, Bao Haihui, Choo, Yew Kwong4.点击save十 ME28-Collective release PO1.输入me28 回车2.Release code中输入J03. 点击图标4.选中PO5.点击菜单栏上的图标 release十一 VK11-Creat MOQ Hold1. Login SAP, and input T-code VK11. Then, Enter.2. In the main page of this T-code, you need input the ZMOQ. And enter.Now you could see the functions of MOQ, and chose which you want to set up, usuallywe use “ Sales org./Distr. Chl/Division/Material”Use to login..3. Here we need input below information to set up the MOQ hold. The Sales Organization is CN00; the Distribution Channel is S2, and division is S1. If you want to knowmore information for these code, you could use .4. Then input the P/N, Qty, and valid date for the part which you need MOQ hold.Please pay attention to the Amount for MOQ hold, that means if the order qty more then it, the order will be hold.And also remark for the “valid to”, if you do not have a commitment ETA, you could chose blank.5. Use to finish this MOQ hold.十二 VK12-Review and Change MOQ Hold1. Press T-code VK12 in the command line in SAP.2. Also use ZMOQ command.3. The same function o f setup MOQ. “Sales org./Distr. Chl/Division/Material”4. In put the Sales Organization; Distribution Channel, division, material P/N, and valid on date.5. use or press F8 to enter the screen.6. Now you could see the MOQ status, and also could change it.7. Save it.十三 VK13-Display MOQ Hold Statuse T-code VK13.2.Also ZMOQ3.The same function of setup MOQ. “Sales org./Distr. Chl/Division/Material”4.In put the Sales Organization; Distribution Channel, division, material P/N,and valid on date.5. use or press F8 to enter the screen.6. Now you could see the MOQ status. But could not change it.7. Log off.十四 YIG02-MOQ hold orders reporte T-code YIG02 and Enter.2.In put the Sales Organization; Distribution Channel, division, valid on date,and reason for pejection.3.Chose , to input all reason you want, 68,69,70.And use to save this choosing.4. finish the Email option.5. finish the order creation date and your MRP controller code.e or press F8 to enter the screen.7.now all of the sales order which in on MOQ hole.8.double click on the sales order to access it. The first date field displaysthe delivery date.9.select the tab.10. this tab is show you the reason for rejection11.select the tab.12.and then select the PO which you want to edit.13. then, select the Edit menu. . Select the “Fast Change of ..”and “reason for rejection”14. input the new reason.* You can reschedule the order with 69 or 70 after you change the First date, so that this order will be on hold and rescheduled until the first date.* Changing the reason for rejection to blank will remove the hold.* change the reason for rejection to 68 will put the order on a normal hold.15. select save to save the changes and finish.十五 ME51N-Creat PRHave you know the Guideline；* PO release 注意事项:a, 电池/电源/CCC备件一定要下在上海, Release PR/PO的时候,注意plant是F4D2. b, 电池和电源要单独下PO, 而且每个PO只能下一个备件号, 同时电池的每个PO的数量也有限制,为29个.c, 在下单之前要确认该备件的Material Group, 是FG11还是QT19. 其属性可以在Part MST中获得,或者使用MM03在MRP2中确认. QT19必须手工输入.同时要注意,FG11和QT19不能在同一个PO中同时出现; 不同的Vendor也不允许在同一个PO出现.d, 每个PO最多只允许有49个Iteme, 每个PO的TTL INV不能高于$156K; 每个PR每个不能超出78K.f, 确认该备件的Supplier, 是H499还是C299. 并且要和Vendor Code对应40002177(H499) ; 40001706(C299)g, 同一个PO中,不允许一个P/N在不同的Item出现大于1次.h, 确认Vendor P/N存在i , 当release NPI 新initial备件的时候,由于系统生效及过渡需要2小时左右,所以一定要在该备件在系统中生效后2小时之后才能操作,否则该备件会被Hold住.j, 其他PO注意事项请仔细阅读最后的PO Business Rule.1.enter T-code ME51N2.chose the PR type. ZICM InterCmpnyReq Manual3.Input the P/N; Qty; Matl group and plant.4.Enter. Then you could see the detail for this PR.5 注意检查PR状态.A. 当输入完成信息后,检查中信息,确保该Item PO的Vendor存在.如果不存在,请手工输入.5.Save this PR.6.The PR # is showed in the lower-left.7.The PR is created.十六 ME54N-Rlease PRHave you1.After PR created, enter the T-Code Me54n, or /nme54n for the fast changing.2.you could see a PR, but maybe the PR is now just created. You could useto change the PR#.3.input the PR# which is just created.And select other document.4.Now this PR is just you created and want to release.5.you could review this PR, to check and, and then select to release thisPR.6.Now this PR is released.7.Save it and exit.十七ME57N-Transfer PR to POHave you know the Guideline；* PO release 注意事项:a, 电池/电源/CCC备件一定要下在上海, Release PR/PO的时候,注意plant是F4D2. b, 电池和电源要单独下PO, 而且每个PO只能下一个备件号, 同时电池的每个PO的数量也有限制,为29个.c, 在下单之前要确认该备件的Material Group, 是FG11还是QT19. 其属性可以在Part MST中获得,或者使用MM03在MRP2中确认. QT19必须手工输入.同时要注意,FG11和QT19不能在同一个PO中同时出现; 不同的Vendor也不允许在同一个PO出现.d, 每个PO最多只允许有49个Iteme, 每个PO的TTL INV不能高于$156K; 每个PR每个不能超出78K.f, 确认该备件的Supplier, 是H499还是C299. 并且要和Vendor Code对应40002177(H499) ; 40001706(C299)g, 同一个PO中,不允许一个P/N在不同的Item出现大于1次.h, 确认Vendor P/N存在i , 当release NPI 新initial备件的时候,由于系统生效及过渡需要2小时左右,所以一定要在该备件在系统中生效后2小时之后才能操作,否则该备件会被Hold住.j, 其他PO注意事项请仔细阅读最后的PO Business Rule.After release PR, we need transfer it to PO.1.Also use the fast changing to go into this screen. /nme57n2.input the PR#3.press F8 to see the detail.4.select it5.and select Assign automatically.6.You could see the vendor information for this part. Select one, and useto save it.7.But if there is no vendor information for it, pls use8.Then in put the vendor information.The Fixed Vendor is 40002177(H499)/ 40001706(C299), and the . is P674.And select to assign this supply source.Select to save this record.This vendor information is ready.9.select this PR, and then select to start the transfer.10.select the PR, and then select11.you could see the create PO notice. Chose the right order type and then approveit by12.now you could see the Create PO screen.13.in Org.data tab, finish the blank. Company Code is CN00.14 in tab, finish the validity date. Usually the end date is next year.14.Then go to the left side. To select the PR.15.and then select , adopt.16.This time you could see the material information is adopted.17 注意检查PO状态.A. 当输入完成信息后,检查中信息,确保该Item PO的Vendor存在.如果不存在,请手工输入.B. 检查项目中,, 该框不应该被选中.C. 检查项目,不应该有红色提示.18 To save it . The PO is created. And the screen is return back. Also the PO# is showed in lower-left.19 select to update the working list. The PR will be disappeared. Means the PR is successfully transferred to PO.十八ME29N-Relese POThis T-code is showed before, here only to show you a step by step create PR, release PR, transfer PR to PO, release PO process.1.Quickly changing to ME29N, input /nme29n in the command line, and enter.2.Review the PO information.3.Select to release PO.4.Save this released PO.5.Exit this.6.Could check this PO with T-code MMBE.十九ME52N-Review and Change PR1.Input the me52n in the command line, and enter.2.Now you could see the main page for this screen.3.3. If this PR is not the one which you want to review and change, also pls useto change it.4. Could change the record for this PR which in white background.5.Save and Exit.二十ME53N-Display PRe T-code ME53N to display the PR information.2.Now the PR is showed as below. And also could use to change another PR.。
卒中后认知障碍筛查评估工具(课堂PPT)
2020/4/11
Burton L,et al. J Rehabil Med. 2015 Mar;47(3):193-203
11
MoCA简介
• 蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)由加拿大Charles LeMoyne医院神经 科临床研究中心Nasreddine等参考MMSE制订，于2004年11月确定 最终版本 ➢包括视空间与执行功能、命名、记忆、注意、语言、抽象、延 迟回忆和定向力8个认知领域12道题 ➢共计30分，完成整个检查约10min ➢可用于快速筛查轻度认知功能损害
3
卒中后轻度认知障碍 每年以8％左右的速度发展为痴呆
• 一项对卒中后轻度认知障碍、卒中无认知障碍者的3年随访研究发 现，24.4％的卒中后轻度认知障碍及8.5％的卒中无认知障碍者3年 后发展为痴呆
痴呆发病率(%)
30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0%
随访3年后患者痴呆发病率
• 更详细全面的测验包括各种版本的失语症检查法等，如北京大学第一医院汉 语失语成套测验（Aphasia battery of Chinese, ABC）和北京医院汉语失 语症检查法（Chinese aphasia examination scale）等，涵盖语言表达、 理解、复述、命名、阅读和书写等6 项功能，可对失语进行系统评价，根据 表现可以确定失语类型，有助于医师进行定位和定性诊断
16.(测试人员把写有"闭上你的眼睛"字的卡片交给受试者)请照着这张卡片所写的去做。 (如果他闭上眼睛，记1分)。
17.(测试人员说下面一段话，并给他一张空白纸，不要重复说明，也不要示范)
用右手拿这张纸
再用双手把纸对折
将纸放在大腿上
UnitedHealthcare 认证与复认证指南说明书
OverviewWe’ve created this document to help make the credentialing and recredentialing process as easy as possible for you and to answer questions we often receive from individual health care professionals, such as physicians and licensed independent practitioners.The information included covers the industry standards used, the credentialing organizations and other pertinent details you’ll need as you apply to become an in-network health care professional with UnitedHealthcare. For some specialties, UnitedHealthcare works with partners who handle credentialing and contracting on our behalf. Please follow the instructions below to start the process:• V ision care providers — ophthalmologists and optometrists — may contract with UnitedHealthcare in 2 ways:– C ontact UHN to provide medical services (within the scope ofyour licensure)– C ontact UnitedHealthcare Vision Network/Spectera Vision Network toprovide routine vision services. To get started, visit orcall 800-638-3120.Mental health or substance abuse practitioners: Contact Optum Behavioral Health Solutions. To start, go to or call 800-817-4705.• D ental care providers: Contact Dental Benefit Providers. To start, go to or call 800-822-5353.• C hiropractor, Outpatient Therapy Provider/Clinic (Physical/Occupational/ Speech) or an Alternative Medicine Provider: Contact OptumHealth Physical Health. To start, go to or call800-873-4575.Key pointsCredentialing is required for all licensed individual health care professionalsin order to participate in the UnitedHealthcare networks and prior to seeing UnitedHealthcare members. UnitedHealthcare follows industry standards for credentialing and recredentialing of health care professionals.Credentialing standards are set bythe National Committee on Quality Assurance (NCQA) and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). UnitedHealthcare contracts withthe Council for Affordable Quality Healthcare (CAQH), as well as other state-specific entities, to collect the credentialing and recredentialing application data and with Aperture CVO to verify required elements of thecredentialing application and process. If you have questions about the UnitedHealthcare credentialing process or need assistance, please goto /networkhelp where you can chat with a live advocate from 7 a.m.–7 p.m. CT.Frequently asked questionsCredentialing and recredentialing basicsWhat is credentialing?The credentialing process is the health care industry standard to collect and verify each health care professional’s qualifications.Why is credentialing important?Credentialing assesses qualifications, relevant training, licensure, certification and/or registration topractice for each health care professional who participates in UnitedHealthcare networks. We use this processto help make sure those in our network have the credentials we require to care for our members.When does credentialing occur?Credentialing occurs before a health care professional is considered eligible to participate in UnitedHealthcare networks.Who sets credentialing standards and criteria?Credentialing standards are set by the NCQA, as well as specific state and federal regulations for participation in the Medicaid and Medicare programs. UnitedHealthcare credentialing process complies with these standards.Some states may have additional requirements as part of the credentialing and recredentialing process.What do I need to provide to complete the credentialing process?Please ensure that all necessary parts of the credentialing application are completed and provide the following: Training and education• Practitioner degree (M.D., DO, DPM), post-graduate education or training• Details of medical or professional education and training• Completion of residency program in the designated specialtyLicensing and certification• C urrent license or certification in the state(s) in which the care provider will be practicing (notemporary licenses)• NPI number• A ctive Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) number and/or Controlled Dangerous Substance (CDS)Certificate or acceptable substitute (if required)• Medicare/Medicaid participation eligibility or certification (if applicable)Work history details• Five-year work history– If there are any gaps longer than 6 months, please explain• S tatement of work limitations, license history and sanctions (only required if you are applying to join UnitedHealthcare Medicare and Medicaid plans). The statement must include:– Any limitations in ability to perform the functions of the position, with or without accommodation– History of loss of license and/or felony convictions– History of loss or limitation of privileges or disciplinary activity• W-9 form• Hospital staff privilegesInsurance• Active professional liability (malpractice) insurance (face sheet required) or a state-approved alternative• Malpractice history (summary of any pending or settled malpractice cases)Other• Credentialing contact information or valid email address• Other credentialing requirements, such as AMA profile or criminal history review, as required by law Credentialing authorities• Notification if this provider has ever been a delegated provider prior to this credentialing application• Passing score on state site visit (if required)• A list of UnitedHealthcare network hospitals where you have admitting privileges or the name of a UnitedHealthcare participating care provider who is willing to admit on your behalfCredentialing for Medicaid and state programs (UnitedHealthcare Community Plan)• S tate-specific credentialing and recredentialing information on how to join the UnitedHealthcare Community Plan network can be found in the care provider manualDuring the credentialing process, we may request more information from you than what was included in your application. Requirements may vary based on your location, care provider type or specialty. If we ask for any additional information, we’ll supply the required forms and instructions.process credentialingTheHow do I request credentialing to add a new physician to my group contractwith UnitedHealthcare?Complete a CAQH application and authorize UnitedHealthcare to access your application. Be sure toverify your information is up to date and all documentation is still in effect.Once your CAQH application is successfully completed, submit a request by signing in to Onboard Prousing your One Healthcare ID to start the credentialing process with us. If approved, we will add the new physician to your group contract and tax ID. You do not need to submit a second request to complete thelast step.What is the process to begin credentialing a new health care professional interested in joining the UnitedHealthcare network?Start by signing in to Onboard Pro using your One Healthcare ID to express your interest in becoming a participating health care professional. This should be done no more than 30 days before your effective date at your practice. We will review your request and let you know if we need any additional information. If we’re not accepting new applications for participation in our network for your specialty or geographic area, we’ll notify you and close your request.What are my rights in credentialing and recredentialing?Health care professionals who apply to join UnitedHealthcare networks have the following rights regarding the credentialing process:• To review the information submitted to support your credentialing application• To correct erroneous information• To be informed of the status of your credentialing or recredentialing application, upon request How does UnitedHealthcare gather credentialing data?UnitedHealthcare uses CAQH Provider Data Portal (previously known as the ProView®) for gathering credentialing data of care providers, excluding the below states:• CAQH Provider Data Portal is a single-source credentialing application• CAQH Provider Data Portal is available at no cost to you• M ore than 900 participating organizations, including health plans, hospitals and other health care organizations, use CAQH Provider Data Portal. This can make it easy for you to provide credentialing data to multiple organizations through a streamlined process.For health care professionals practicing in the state of Washington, UnitedHealthcare uses OneHealthPort’s ProviderSource to gather credentialing data for care providers.For providers in Minnesota, UnitedHealthcare uses either CAQH Provider Data Portal or the Minnesota Credentialing Collaborative’s (MCC) ApplySmart to gather credentialing data for care providers. Where can I check the status of my current credentialing application?If you have questions about your credentialing status, please go to /networkhelp where you can chat with a live advocate from 7 a.m.–7 p.m. CT.Your personal dashboard in Onboard Pro will show the real-time status of every enrollment request you’ve submitted.How do I get a CAQH provider ID number?If you don’t have a CAQH account, you can set one up before you submit your request for credentialing. Go to CAQH Provider Data Portal to get started.How do I get a OneHealthPort or Minnesota Credentialing Collaborative (MCC) provider ID number?Provider ID numbers are not required for OneHealthPort or MCC applications.Why do I have to submit a request for participation with UnitedHealthcare if I already have a CAQH provider ID number and have authorized UnitedHealthcare to access my application on CAQH Provider Data Portal?Submitting a request lets us know you are interested in joining our network and allows us to access your application through CAQH Provider Data Portal.How do I control who can access my credentialing information?Only health care professionals who have registered with CAQH Provider Data Portal, OneHealthPort ProviderSource or MCC ApplySmart can authorize organizations to access their information.• Y ou may select which organizations have access to your information on CAQH Provider Data Portal, OneHealthPort ProviderSource or MCC ApplySmart• T he CAQH Practice Manager Module allows your office staff to assist you in completing or updating portions of the application by exporting practice location, hospital affiliation and liability information common to a group• Practice Managers may access this module by visiting CAQH Provider Data PortalIs there anything that might hold up the processing of my credentialing application that I can prevent?Make sure that your CAQH Provider Data Portal, OneHealthPort ProviderSource or MCC ApplySmart application is complete and that you re-attest every 120 days to keep the application and information current.This can help avoid delays.How and when do I need to re-attest to CAQH Provider Data Portal information? You will receive automatic reminders from CAQH Provider Data Portal every 120 days to review and attest to the accuracy of your data. This quick and easy process makes sure the information UnitedHealthcare has on file for you is correct. You can do this in 1 of 2 ways:• Log in to CAQH Provider Data Portal and review your application• Call the CAQH Help Desk at888-599-1771I forgot my CAQH Provider Data Portal provider ID number. Can UnitedHealthcare help me retrieve it?Yes. Please go to /networkhelp where you can chat with a live advocate from7 a.m.–7 p.m. CT.When is a site visit required?Certain state Medicaid programs require site visits as part of the process to credential individual practitioners. NCQA may also require a site visit as part of the facility credentialing process in some situations. If a site visitis required, our site visit vendor, United Language Group, will contact you to schedule the visit.Once I’m approved, what are the next steps?If you are joining a medical group that already participates with UnitedHealthcare on a group contract, you’ll be added to the group contract.If you’re a new health care professional interested in joining the UnitedHealthcare network, we may also mail a contract to you within 5 business days of a request for credentialing. This helps streamline the credentialing and contracting process.If you contract with us for participation in a Medicaid plan, certain state Medicaid agencies may also require you to complete a Disclosure of Ownership Form. If it’s required, we will send you the form for completion.Will a contract be sent out before I complete the credentialing process?Yes. To streamline the credentialing and contracting process, UnitedHealthcare may also mail a contract to you within 5 business days of a request for credentialing.• T he receipt of the contract for review from UnitedHealthcare is not a confirmation of an approved credentialing application, authorization to see UnitedHealthcare members or confirmation that you participate in UnitedHealthcare network• Y ou’re required to complete both the credentialing and contracting processes to begin seeingUnitedHealthcare members as an in-network provider• P lease allow up to 60 days for your contract to be loaded into our systems once credentialing is approved and a signed contract has been received. This will prevent your claim from being denied or paid at an out-of-network level.If my credentialing isn’t approved, what happens?If you’re not approved to join the UnitedHealthcare network, you’ll be notified of that decision in writing. It will include information about what you can do if you disagree with our denial of your credentialing application.Recredentialing information Why do I have to complete recredentialing?If recredentialing is not completed, you may not be eligible to continue to participate in the UnitedHealthcare network. Recredentialing is required at least every 3 years by the NCQA, CMS and many state regulatory organizations.• R ecredentialing helps make sure that all health plans have the most up-to-date, accurate information about your education and experience. It also allows you to review the practice locations and contact information we use in provider directories that we make available to all members.Credentialing timeline How long does UnitedHealthcare credentialing process take?The entire credentialing process generally takes up to 14 calendar days to complete once we have a completed application and all required information. After receiving a completed application, we perform primary source verification. Next, we present your request for participation to our credentialing committee.Note: The timeline does depend upon response times from medical schools, residencies, specialty boards and hospitals.Online resources and CAQH assistanceWhere can I get more information about UnitedHealthcare credentialing and recredentialing criteria?More information about our credentialing and recredentialing criteria is available at /join > Get Credentialed.• UnitedHealthcare Credentialing Plan 2021-2023• C redentialing Plan State and Credentialing Plan State and Federal Regulatory Addendum: Additional State and Federal Credentialing RequirementsIf I need assistance from CAQH, how do I contact them?Visit or call them at 888-599-1771. A list of frequently asked questions is also available.If I need assistance from OneHealthPort, how do I contact them?Visit or call them at 800-973-4797. Training videos and resources are also available.If I need assistance from Minnesota Credentialing Collaborative (MCC), how do I contact them?Visit /mcc or call them at 847-425-4616.PCA-1-23-02864-POE-FAQ_08282023 How do I complete recredentialing with UnitedHealthcare?UnitedHealthcare automatically starts the process when you approach the 3-year recredentialing cycle. If you maintain a complete and current application and attest to the data every 120 days, there’s nothing you need to do. This applies across the CAQH Provider Data Portal, OneHealthPort ProviderSource and MCC ApplySmart applications. We’ll automatically retrieve your information and review it for updates and changes. If the state where you practice requires additional information not included in the standard applications, we’ll contact you to obtain it.Will UnitedHealthcare send advance notification to me when I am up for recredentialing?As long as your information is kept current at CAQH Provider Data Portal, OneHealthPort ProviderSource or MCC ApplySmart, we won’t notify you when the recredentialing process begins, unless we are required to do so by the state where you practice.• I f your application and information aren’t current, we’ll notify you at the start of the credentialing process. Notification will come from either UnitedHealthcare or Verisys (formerly Aperture), who we use as our primary source verification vendor.• If additional information or action is needed, it will be referenced in the notification• I f you don’t respond to the first notice you receive, you’ll get additional reminders about completing your recredentialingInsurance coverage provided by or through UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company or its affiliates. Health plan coverage provided by UnitedHealthcare of Arizona, Inc., UHC of California DBA UnitedHealthcare of California, UnitedHealthcare Benefits Plan of California, UnitedHealthcare of Colorado, Inc., UnitedHealthcare of the Mid-Atlantic, Inc., MAMSI Life and Health Insurance Company, UnitedHealthcare of New York, Inc., UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company of New York, UnitedHealthcare of Oklahoma, Inc., UnitedHealthcare of Oregon, Inc., UnitedHealthcare of Pennsylvania, Inc., UnitedHealthcare of Texas, Inc., UnitedHealthcare Benefits of Texas, Inc., UnitedHealthcare of Utah, Inc., UnitedHealthcare of Washington, Inc., Optimum Choice, Inc., Oxford Health Insurance, Inc., Oxford Health Plans (NJ), Oxford Health Plans (CT), Inc., All Savers Insurance Company, Tufts Health Freedom Insurance Company or other affiliates. Administrative services provided by OptumHealth Care Solutions, LLC, OptumRx, Oxford Health Plans LLC, United HealthCare Services, Inc., Tufts Health Freedom Insurance Company or other affiliates. Behavioral health products provided by U.S. Behavioral Health Plan, California (USBHPC), United Behavioral Health (UBH), or its affiliates.。
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SIM卡应用技术规范【范本模板】
中国移动通信集团公司业务卡管理体系SIM卡应用技术规范中国移动通信集团公司二○○一年十一月1 范围 (5)2 引用标准 (5)3 符号和缩略语 (8)4 SIM卡应用工具箱概述 (9)4.1 概要信息下载 (9)4.2 主动式SIM卡 (9)4.3 下载数据到SIM卡 (10)4。
4 菜单选择 (10)4.5 SIM卡呼叫控制 (10)4.6 SIM卡的MO短消息控制 (10)4.7 事件下载 (10)4。
8 安全 (11)5 概要信息下载 (11)5.1 过程 (11)5。
2 TERMINAL PROFILE的结构和编码： (11)6 主动式SIM卡 (15)6。
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额颞叶痴呆-肌萎缩侧索硬化症1例报告及文献复习
文章编号：１００３ ２７５４（２０２３）０１ ００１１ ０３ 中图分类号：Ｒ７４４．６ ｄｏｉ：１０．１９８４５／ｊ．ｃｎｋｉ．ｚｆｙｓｊｊｂｚｚ．２０２３．０００３额颞叶痴呆 肌萎缩侧索硬化症１例报告及文献复习聂冠华１， 苏 展１， 李相廷１， 林妍慧２， 张海宁１ 关键词： 额颞叶痴呆 肌萎缩侧索硬化； 行为变异型额颞叶痴呆； 肌萎缩侧索硬化的非运动症状 Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ： Ｆｒｏｎｔｏｔｅｍｐｏｒａｌｄｅｍｅｎｔｉａ ａｍｙｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｃｌａｔｅｒａｌｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｉｓ； Ｔｈｅｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒａｌｖａｒｉａｎｔｏｆｆｒｏｎｔｏｔｅｍｐｏｒａｌｄｅｍｅｎｔｉａ（ｂｖＦＴＤ）； Ｎｏｎ ｍｏｔｏｒｓｙｍｐｔｏｍｓｏｆａｍｙｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｃｌａｔｅｒａｌｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｉｓ收稿日期：２０２３ ０１ １０；修订日期：２０２３ ０１ １８基金项目：吉林省卫生人才专项：ＪＬＳＷＳＲＣＺＸ２０２１ ０７７作者单位：（１．吉林大学第一医院神经内科和神经科学中心，吉林长春１３００２１；２．珲春市人民医院，吉林珲春１３３０００）通讯作者：张海宁，Ｅ ｍａｉｌ：ｚｈａｎｇｈａｉｎｉｎｇ＠ｊｌｕ．ｅｄｕ．ｃｎ 额颞叶痴呆（ｆｒｏｎｔｏｔｅｍｐｏｒａｌｄｅｍｅｎｔｉａ，ＦＴＤ）和肌萎缩侧索硬化（ａｍｙｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｃｌａｔｅｒａｌｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｉｓ，ＡＬＳ）是成人发病的进行性神经退行性疾病。
ＦＴＤ是一种痴呆亚型，主要通过行为改变和语言缺陷来识别［１］。
ＡＬＳ是最常见的运动神经元疾病，患者主要临床表现为运动功能障碍，但高达５０％的患者会出现认知和（或）行为障碍。
大约１５％的ＦＴＤ患者出现ＡＬＳ症状，ＡＬＳ和ＦＴＤ曾经被归类为两种不同的疾病，现在认为这两个疾病在临床、病理学和遗传学具有相似性，被认为是常见疾病谱的一部分，形成ＦＴＤ ＡＬＳ这一疾病［２］。
本文报道１例吉林大学第一医院诊治的ＦＴＤ ＡＬＳ病例，结合文献报道，对其临床特点进行总结归纳。
GSM常用术语总结
A3A3/8A5/1A5/2A5/XA8AB Access BurstAccess Class（C0 to C15）ACApplication ContextACC Automatic Congestion ControlACCH Associated Control ChannelACK ACKnowledgementAccumulated Call MeterACMAddress Complete MessageACU Antenna Combining UnitAdministration CenterADCAnalogue to Digital ConverterAND Abbreviated Dialing NumberADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code ModulationAE Application EntilyAEC Acoustic echo controlAE Additional elementary functionsAGCH Access grant channelAi Actions indictorAoC Advice of chargeAoCC Advice of charge charging supplementary serviceAoCI Advice of charge information Supplementary serviceASE Application service elementASN.1Abstract syntax notation oneARFCN Absolute radio frequency channel numberARQ Automatic request for retransmissionATT(flag)AttachAU Access uniteAuC Authentication centerAUT( H )AuthenticationBA BCCH allocationBAIC Barring of all incoming calls supplementary service 限BAOC Barring of all outgoing calls supplementary serviceBCC Base transceiver station (BTC) color channelBCCH Broadcast control channelBCD Binary coded decimalBCF Base station control functionBCIE Bearer capability informationBER Bit error rateBFI Bad frame indicationBI all barring of incoming call supplementary serviceBICRoam Barring of incoming calls when roaming outside the room PLMN country supplement service在注BN Bit numberBO All barring of outgoing call supplementary serviceBOIC Barring of outgoing international calls supplementary serviceBOICexHC Barring of outgoing international calls except those directed to the home PLMN country supplementary service 除了直接呼BS Bearer serviceBSG Basic service (group)Basic service groupBSC Base station controllerBSIC Base transceiver station identity codeBSICNCELL BSIC of an adjacent cellBSS Base station systemBSSAP Base station system application partBSSMAP Base station system management application partBSSOMAP Base station system operation management application partBTS Base transceiver stationC ConditionalCA Cell allocationCAI Charge advice informationCB Cell broadcastCBC Cell broadcast centerCBCH Cell broadcast channelCBMI Cell broadcast message identifierCC Country codeCall controlCCBS Completion of calls to busy subscriber supplementary serviceCCCH Common control channelCCF Conditional call forwardingCCH Control channelCCITT The international telegraph and telephone consultative committeeCCM current call meterCCP Capability /configuration parameterCCPE Control channel protocol entityCct CircuitCDUR Chargeable DURationCED Call station identifierCEID Central equipment identifier registerCEND End of charge pointCEPT Conference of European post and telecommunication administrationCF Conversion facilityCFB All call forwarding serviceCall forwarding on mobile subscriber busy supplementary service CFNRc Call forwarding on mobile subscriber not reachable supplementary service CFNRy Call forwarding on no reply supplementary serviceCFU Call forwarding unconditional supplementary serviceCHP Charging pointCHV Card holding verification informationCI Cell identity CUG indexCIR Carrier interference ratioCKSN Ciphering key sequence numberCLI Calling line identityCLIP Calling line identification presentation supplementary service CLIR Calling line identification restriction supplementary service CM Connection managementCMD commandCMM Channel mode modifyCNG CalliNG toneCOLI Connected line identityCOLP Connected line identification presentation supplementary service COLR Connected line identification restriction supplementary service COM COmpleteCONNACK CONNect acknowledgement C/R Command/response field bitCRC Cyclic redundancy checkCRE Call Reestablishment procedureCSPDN Circuit switching public data networkCT Call transfer supplement serviceChannel testChannel typeCTR Common technical regulation CUG Close user group supplementary service CW Call waiting supplementary service DAC Digital to analogue converterD B Dummy burstDCCH Dedication control channel DCE Data circuit terminating equipment DCF Data communication function DCM Data conversion moduleDCS1800Digital cellular system at 1800MHz DET DetachDISC DisconnectDL Data link(layer)DLCI Data link connection identifierDLD Data link discriminatorDm Control channel (isdn )DMR Digital mobile radioDNIC Data network identifierDP Dial /dialed pulseDRX Discontinuous receptionDSE Data switch exchangeDSI Digital speech interpolationDSSI Digital subscriber signaling No.1DTAP Direct transfer application partDTE Data terminal equipmentDTMF Dual tone multi FrequencyDTX Discontinuous transmissionEA External alarmsEBSG Elementary basic service groupECM Error correction modeEc/No Ratio of energy per modulating bit to the noise spectral density ECT Explicit call transfer supplementary serviceEEL Electric echo lossEIR Equipment identity registerEL Echo lossEMC Electromagnetic compatibilityEMI Electromagnetic interferenceEmlpp Enhanced multilevel preecednce and preemption service EMMI Electrical man machine interfaceEPROM Erasable programmable read only memoryERP Ear reference pointERR errorETR ETSI technical reportETS European telecommunication standardETSI European telecommunication standard instituteFA Full allocation fax adaptorFAC Final assembly codeFACCH Fast associated control channelFACCH/F Fast associated control channel /full rateFACCH/H Fast associated control channel /half rate FB Frequency correction burstFCCH Frequency correction channelFCS Frame check sequenceFDM Frequency division multiplexFDN Fixed digital numberFEC Forwarding error correctionFER Frame erasure ratioFH Frequency hoppingFN Frame numberFR Full rateFTA Final type approvalFTAM File transfer ,access and manipulation FTN Forwarded and numberGCR Group call registerGMSC Gateway mobile service switching center GMSK Gaussian minimum shift keying modulation GPA Gsm plmn areaGPRS General packet radio serviceGPRS General power supply uniteGSA Gsm system areaGSM Global system for mobile communication GSM PLMN Gsm public land mobile network GT Global titleHDLC High level data link controlHLC High layer compatibilityHO HANDOverHOLD Call hold supplementary serviceHOLMN Home PLMNHPU Hand portableHSN Hopping sequence numberI Information frameIA Incoming accessIAM Initial address messageIC Interlock codeICB Incoming call barredICC Inte grated circuit cardIC Interlock codeICM Incall modificationID Identification/identity/identifer IDN Integrated digital networkIE Signaling information elementIEI Information element identifierIETS Interim European telecommunication standart IMEI international mobile station equipment identity IMSI International mobile subscriber identity IN Interrogting nodeISC International switch centerISDN Integrated service digital network ISO International organization for standardzation ISUP Isdn user part (of signal system No.7) ITC Information transfer capabilityIWF Interworking functionsIWMSC Interworking MSCIWU Interworking UinteKc Ciphering keyKi Individual subscriber authenticationL3Layer 3LA Location areaLAC Location area codeLAI Location area identityLAN Local area networkLAPB Link access protocol balancedLAPDm Link access protocol on the channelLCN Local communication networkLE Local exchangeLLC Low layer compatibilityLMSI Local mobile station identityLNA Low number digledLND Last number dialedLPLMN Local PLMNLR Location registerLTE Local terminal emulatorLU Local unitsLV Length and valueM MandatoryMA Mobile allocationMACN Mobile allocationMAF Mobile allocation channel numberMAH Mobile access hunting supplementary service MAI Mobile allocation indexMAIO Mobile allocation index offsetMAP Mobile allocation partMCC Mobile country codeMCI Malicious call identification supplementary service MD Mediation deviceMDL Mobile management data linkME Mobile equipmentMEF Maintenance entity functionsMF MultiframeMHS Message handling systemMIC Mobile interface controllerMLSE Maximum likelihood systemMan machineMMMobility managementMME Mobility management entityMMI Man machine interfaceMNC Mobile network codeMO Mobile originated callMoU Memorandum of understandingMPH Mobile management physicalMPTY Multiparty supplementary serviceMRP Mouth reference pointMS Mobile stationMSC Mobile service switch centerMSCM Mobile station class markMSCU Mobile station control unite MSISDN Mobile station ISDNMSRN Mobile station roaming numberMT Mobile terminatedMT Mobile terminationMTBF Mean time between failureMTC Mobile terminate callMTM Mobile to mobileMTP Mark upMU Multi user mobile stationMUMS Multiuser mobile stationN/W NetworkNB Normal brustNBIN A parameter in the hopping sequence NCC Network PLMN color codeNCELL Neighboring cellNDC National destination codeNDUB Network determined user busy NE Network elementNEF Network element functionNF Network functionNIC Network independent clockingNM Network managementNMC Network management centerNMSI National mobile station identification number NPI Number plan identifierNSAP Network service access pointNT No transparentNTABB New type approval advisoryNUA Network user accessNUI Network user identificationNUP National user partO OptionalOA Outgoing accessO&M Outgoing & maintenanceOACSU Off air call setupOCB Outgoing calls barred within the CUGOD Optional for operators to implement for their aim OLR Overall loudness ratingOMC Operations and maintenance centerOML Operations and maintenance linkOMS-B Operations and maintenance system for the BBS OS Operation systemOSI Open system interconnectionOSI RM OSI reference modelPABX Private automatic branch exchangePAD Packet assemble /disassemblyPCH Paging channelPCM Pulse code modulationPD Protocol discriminatorPDN Public data networkPH Packet handlePHI Packet handle interfacePI Presentation indicatorPICS Protocol implementation conformance statement PIN Personal identification codePLXT Protocol implementation extra information for testing PLMN Public lands mobile networkPP Performance managementPOI Point of interconnectionPP Point to pointPPCC Peripheral processor for CCSS 7PPLD Peripheral processor for LOADPREF CUG Preferential CUG PS Location probabilityPSPDN Packet switched public data networkPSTN Packet switched telephone networkPUCT Price per unit currency tablePUK PIN unblock keyPW Pass wordQA Q adapterQAF Q adapter functions QQOS Quality of serviceRA Random mode request information fieldRAB Random access brustRACH Random access channelRAND Random numberRBER Residual bit error ratioRDI Restricted digital informationREC RecommendationREJ e RejectionREL ReleaseREQ RequestRF Radio frequencyRFCI Radio frequency channelRFCH Radio frequency channelRFN Reduced TDMA frame numberRFU Reserved for future useRLP Radio link protocolRLR Receiver loudness ratingRMS Root mean squareRNTABLE Table of 128 integer in the hopping sequence ROSE Remote operation service elementRR Radio resourceRSE Radio system entityRSL Radio signaling linkRSZI Regional subscription zone identityRTE Remote terminal emulatorRX Receiver signal levelRXAMOD Received antenna moduleRXMUCO Receiver multi couplerRXQUAL Received signal qualityS/W SoftwareSABM Set asynchronous balanced modeSACCH Slow associated control channelSACCHG/4Slow associated control channel/sdcch/4SACCH/8Slow associated control channel/sdcch/8SACCH/T Slow associated control channel/traffic channel SACCH/TF Slow associated control channel/traffic channel full rate SAP Slow associated control channel/traffic channel half rate SAPI Service access point indicatorSB SynchronizationService center SCService codeSCCP Signaling connection control partSCH Synchronization channelSDCCH Standalone dedicated control channelSDL Specification descriptionSDT SDL development toolSDU Service data unitSE Support entitySEF Support entity functionsSFH Slow frequency hoppingSI Screening indicationSIM Subscriber identitySLR Send loudness ratingSLTM Signaling link test messageSMAP System managementSM Security managementSME Short message entitySMG Special mobile groupSMISE Special management information service elementSMS Short message serviceSMSCB Short message service cell broad castSMSSC Short message service centerSMS/PP Short message service/point to pointSMT Short message terminalSN Subscriber numberSNR Serial number RSOA Suppress outgoing accessService providerSPSignaling PointSignaling point codeSPCSuppress Preferential CUG SRES Signed RESponseSupplementary service system simulatorSSSystem SimulatorSSC Supplementary service control stringSSN Subsystem NO 7SS7/SS#7Signaling system NO 7STMR Side tone masking ratingSTP Signaling transferSVN Software versionSWM Software managementT TimerTerminal AdaptorTATime advanceTAC Type approval CodeTAF Terminal adaptation FunctionTBR Technical basis for regulationTC Transaction capabilitiesTCAP Transaction capabilities application partTCH Traffic channelTCH/F A full rate tchTCH/F2.4 A full rate tch/2,4 kTCH/F4.8 A full rate tch /4.8kTCH/F9.6 A full rate tch/9.6kTCH/FS A full rate speech chTCH/HS A half rate tchTCI Transeceiver control interfaceTCTR Technical committee technical report TDMA Time division multiple accessTE Terminal equipmentTEI Terminal endpoint identifierTFA Transfer allowedTFP Transfer allowedTI Transaction identifierTLV Type length and valueTM Test managementTMN Telecommunication management network TMSI Temporary mobile subscriber identity TN Timeslot numberTON Type of numberTRAU Trans coding and rate adaption unitTRX TransceiverTime slot TSTchnical SpecificationTSC Training sequence codeTSDI Transceiver speech &data interface TTCN Tree and tabular combined notationTUP Telephone user partTV Type sand valueUDI Unrestricted digital informationUDUB User determined user busyUI Unmumbered informationUPCMI Uniform PCM interfaceUPD Up to dateUSSD Unstructured supplementary service data UUS User to user signaling supplementary service V Value onlyVAD Voice activity deteectionVAP Video tex access pointVBS Voice broadcast serviceVGCS Voice group call serviceVLR Visitor location registerVMSC Visited MSCVPLMN Visited PLMNVSC VideoTEX service centerVSWR Voltage standing wave ratioVSD Send state variableVTX The components dedicated to videotex serviceWARC World adminstrative radio conference WS Word ststionWPA Wrong password attempts。
SIM卡规范分解
中国移动通信集团公司业务卡管理体系SIM卡基础技术规范中国移动通信集团公司二○○一年十二月目次前言. (6)1 范围 (7)2 引用标准 (7)3 符号和缩略语 (9)3.1缩略语及术语定义 (9)3.2符号 (12)4 物理特性 (13)4.1主要物理特性指标 (13)4.2格式和布局 (15)4.2.1 最小接触面积 (15)4.2.2 ID-1卡的几何尺寸 (15)4.2.3 PLUG-IN卡的几何尺寸 (15)4.3触点 (16)4.3.1 触点分配 (16)4.3.2 激活和去活 (18)4.3.3 空闲触点 (18)4.3.4 触点压力 (18)5 电气特性 (18)5.1电信号描述 (18)5.2电压和电流 (19)5.2.1 VCC(触点C1) (19)5.2.2 复位RST（触点C2） (21)5.2.3 时钟CLK（触点C3） (21)5.2.4 I/O（触点C7） (22)5.2.5 状态.. (23)5.3兼容性要求 (23)6 传输协议 (23)6.1SIM卡的复位 (23)6.2复位应答 (25)6.2.1 数位宽度 (25)6.2.2 字符帧 (25)6.2.3 复位应答的结构和内容 (26)6.3协议和参量选择（PPS） (29)6.3.1 PPS过程 (29)6.3.2 PPS请求及响应的结构和内容 (31)6.4增强速率 (31)6.5ME向SIM卡发送的命令头标（T=0字符协议） (32)6.6过程字节（T=0字符协议） (32)7 命令描述 (32)7.1应用协议数据单元(APDU)的信息结构 (33)7.2命令编码 (35)7.2.1 SELECT (36)7.2.2 STATUS (37)7.2.3 READ BINARY (38)7.2.4 UPDATE BINARY (38)7.2.5 READ RECORD (39)7.2.6 UPDATE RECORD (40)7.2.7 SEEK. (41)7.2.8 INCREASE (42)7.2.9 VERIFY CHV (43)7.2.10 CHANGE CHV (43)7.2.11 DISABLE CHV (44)7.2.12 ENABLE CHV (45)7.2.13 UNBLOCK CHV (46)7.2.14 INVALIDATE (46)7.2.15 REHABILITATE (47)7.2.16 RUN GSM ALGORITHM (47)7.2.17 SLEEP (48)7.2.18 GET RESPONSE (48)7.2.19 TERMINAL PROFILE (49)7.2.20 ENVELOPE (49)7.2.21 FETCH (50)7.2.22 TERMINAL RESPONSE (50)7.3命令响应状态字 (50)7.3.1 正确执行命令的响应 (51)7.3.2 命令延时的响应 (51)7.3.3 存储器管理 (51)7.3.4 索引管理 (51)7.3.5 安全管理 (51)7.3.6 与应用无关的错误 (52)7.3.7 命令与可能产生的状态字 (52)8 SIM卡的逻辑模型 (54)8.1概述 (54)8.2文件标识符 (54)8.3主文件（MF） (55)8.4专用文件（DF） (55)8.5基本文件（EF） (55)8.5.1 透明基本文件 (55)8.5.2 线性定长基本文件 (56)8.5.3 循环结构基本文件 (57)8.6选择文件的方法 (57)8.7保留的文件标识符 (59)9 安全特性 (59)9.1防带电插拔保护 (59)9.2鉴权方法及密钥生成过程 (59)9.3算法与过程 (60)9.4文件的访问条件 (60)9.5A3、A8算法的安全保护 (61)9.6芯片操作系统（COS）的安全保护 (61)10 SIM卡的文件结构 (61)10.1SIM卡中文件头的编码 (61)10.2定义和编码 (64)10.3基本文件的内容 (66)10.3.1 在MF层上的基本文件内容 (68)10.3.2 GSM应用层下的目录文件 (70)10.3.3 GSM应用层下的基本文件 (70)10.3.4 电信目录下的文件 (102)10.4GSM的文件 (115)10.5SIM卡必备文件 (116)11 应用协议 (117)11.1通用过程. (119)11.1.1 读EF (119)11.1.2 更新EF (120)11.1.3 增加EF (120)11.2SIM卡管理过程 (120)11.2.1 SIM卡的初始化 (120)11.2.2 GSM对话终止 (121)11.2.3 语言优先权 (122)11.2.4 管理信息请求 (122)11.2.5 SIM卡业务表请求 (122)11.2.6 SIM卡阶段请求 (122)11.2.7 SIM卡存在的检查 (122)11.3CHV有关的过程 (122)11.3.1 CHV验证 (123)11.3.2 CHV更新 (123)11.3.3 CHV禁止 (123)11.3.4 CHV使能 (124)11.3.5 CHV解锁 (124)11.4与GSM安全有关的过程 (124)11.4.1 与GSM算法有关的过程 (124)11.4.2 IMSI请求 (124)11.4.3 访问控制请求 (124)11.4.4 HPLMN搜索周期请求 (124)11.4.5 位置信息 (125)11.4.6 密钥. (125)11.4.7 BCCH信息 (125)11.4.8 禁用PLMN (125)11.5签约相关过程 (125)11.5.1 拨打号码 (125)11.5.2 短消息 (128)11.5.3 计费通知（AoC） (128)11.5.4 性能配置参数 (129)11.5.5 PLMN选择器 (129)11.5.6 广播消息识别符 (129)附录A ICCID编码方案及打印格式 (130)附录B SIM卡中的Α标识符区使用的编码——UCS2编码 (133)附录C EFS预个人化建议值 (135)附录D FDN/BDN过程 (136)前言本规范等同采用国际标准ISO/IEC 7810：1995《识别卡物理特性》、ISO/IEC 7816-1：1998《识别卡带触点的集成电路卡第1部分：物理特性》、ISO/IEC 7816-2：1999《识别卡带触点的集成电路卡第2部分：触点的尺寸和位置》、ISO/IEC 7816-3：1997《识别卡带触点的集成电路卡第3部分：电信号和传输协议》和欧洲电信标准GSM 11.11:2000《数字蜂窝通信系统（Phase 2+）用户识别模块-移动设备（SIM-ME）接口技术要求》的内容。
GSM11.11中文版
第一部分：物理及电器标准1 总则本标准规定了900/1800MHZ TDMA 数字蜂窝移动通信网移动台人机接口（MMI）和用户识别模块（SIM）与移动设备（ME）之间接口技术要求。
本标准适用于900/1800MHZ TDMA 数字蜂窝移动通信网移动台2 参考文献下列标准所包含的条文，通过在标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文。
本标准推出时，所示版本均为有效。
所有标准都会被修订，使用本标准的各方应探讨使用下列标准最新版本的可能性。
1．ISO6392．ISO7810 识别卡的物理特性3．ISO7811 识别卡记录技术第1部分：凸印4．ISO7816-1 识别卡带触点的集成电路卡第1部分：物理特性5．ISO7816-2 识别卡带触点的集成电路卡第2部分：尺寸和触点的位置6．ISO7816-3 识别卡带触点的集成电路卡第3部分：电信号和传输协议7．GSM02.07 数字蜂窝通信系统((Phase 2+)：移动基站（MS）特性8．GSM02.09 数字蜂窝通信系统((Phase 2+)：安全特性9．GSM02.11 数字蜂窝通信系统((Phase 2+)：服务接入特性10.GSM02.17 数字蜂窝通信系统((Phase 2+)：用户识别模块（SIM）功能特性11.GSM02.24 数字蜂窝通信系统((Phase 2+)：资费建议信息12.GSM02.86 数字蜂窝通信系统((Phase 2+)：资费辅助服务-Stage113.GSM03.03 数字蜂窝通信系统((Phase 2+)：编码，地址和识别14.GSM03.20 数字蜂窝通信系统((Phase 2+)：与安全有关的网络功能15.GSM03.38 数字蜂窝通信系统((Phase 2+)：字母表和语言细节信息16.GSM03.41 数字蜂窝通信系统((Phase 2+)：小区广播短信服务的实现17.YD/T910.1-1997 900/1800MHz TDMA数字蜂窝移动通信网移动台（第2阶段）人机接口18.YD/T1025-1999 900/1800MHz TDMA数字蜂窝移动通信网移动台人机接口和SIM-ME接口技术要求（第2+阶段）3 符号和缩略语3．1 符号Vcc供电电压。
NPI_Quanta_ 0520 soirna
SOVP
SOVP KPI: MRR items completion SOVP review checkpoints:
Ramp plan vs. daily input plan serviceability SOVP Materials Preparation (all parts in) and review Commodity parts EE parts PCB Fabrication ME parts Packing parts SOVP orders readiness, build to order for WW demand. DOI management keep 3 days inventory
RD
Quality
Account Sales & Sales Operation
Quanta NPI
Procurement ME/EE/Comm Production SW PE
Production Capa (SMT/FA)
Production PE/MPM
Cooperative functions participants R&R
SS
SS:
Ensure at least 1 K Input and packed volume to meet SS QA report release timely for SS (QM KPI to meet the ship support requirement is one of criteria for SS) SS orders readiness, build to order for WW demand. DOI management keep 5 days inventory
长白山地区暴雨特征及重现期几种计算方法对比
第22卷第1期北华大学学报(自然科学版)Vol.22No.12021年1月JOURNAL OF BEIHUA UNIVERSITY(Natural Science)Jan.2021文章编号:1009-4822(2021)01-0021-07DOI :10.11713/j.issn.1009-4822.2021.01.004长白山地区暴雨特征及重现期几种计算方法对比张伶俐1,2,成㊀坤1,2,刘春泽3,史国强4(1.长白山气象局,吉林二道白河㊀133613;2.长白山气象与气候变化吉林省重点实验室,吉林二道白河㊀133613;3.松原市气象台,吉林松原㊀138000;4.长白山科学研究院动物研究所,吉林二道白河㊀133613)摘要:利用长白山地区59a 地面观测资料,分析暴雨发生的气候规律;基于年最大值法选样,选取指数㊁耿贝尔Ⅰ型㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型㊁韦布尔4种分布函数对长白山地区不同海拔3个站点暴雨重现期进行拟合计算,推求4种分布函数参数,得出重现期-年最大日降水量关系曲线,并进行χ2检验.结果表明:长白山地区暴雨具有明显的时空分布特征.天池站暴雨日数7月最多,其他站8月占比最大;2000年以来,平均暴雨日数呈增多趋势;指数分布年最大日降水量较小,其他3种算法预测值比较一致;在χ2检验中,耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布法在二道站和东岗站暴雨重现期计算中表现优异,韦布尔分布法在天池暴雨年最大日降水量的预测中更胜一筹.关键词:长白山地区;暴雨;气候特征;重现期;韦布尔分布中图分类号:P466文献标志码:A收稿日期:2020-07-21基金项目:长白山气象局科研课题(201902);长白山气象与气候变化吉林省重点实验室项目.作者简介:张伶俐(1989 ),女,硕士研究生,工程师,主要从事气候预测㊁气象预报与服务研究,E-mail:2802208708@.Characteristics of Rainstorm and Comparison of Several Calculation Methods about Recurrence Period in Changbai Mountain AreaZHANG Lingli 1,2,CHENG Kun 1,2,LIU Chunze 3,SHI Guoqiang 4(1.Changbai Mountain Weather Service ,Erdaobaihe 133613,China ;2.Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Changbai Mountain Weather &Climate ,Erdaobaihe 133613,China ;3.Songyuan Meteorological Observatory ,Songyuan 138000,China ;4.Institute of Zoology ,Changbai Mountain Academy of Sciences ,Erdaobaihe 133613,China )Abstract :Based on the surface observation data of Changbai Mountain area in recent 59years,the climate characteristics of rainstorm were analyzed firstly.According to the annual maximum value sampling method,four functions of exponential distribution,Gumbel-Ⅰdistribution,P-III distribution and Weibull-distribution were selected to make the fitting calculation of recurrence period for three stations at different altitudes in Changbai Mountain area,the formula parameters of four distribution functions were deduced,the relationship curve between recurrence period and annual maximum daily precipitation was given.The χ2test was made.The results show that rainstorm in Changbai Mountain area has obvious time-space distribution characteristics,with the most rainstorm days in Tianchi station in July and the largest proportion in other stations in August;Since 2000s,the average rainstorm days show a significant increasing trend;The annual maximum daily precipitation of exponential distribution is small,whereas other three functions are consistent.By means of χ2test,Gumbel-Ⅰdistribution shows an outstanding performance in the calculation of rainstorm annual maximum daily precipitation at Erdao station,as well as Donggang station,while Weibull distribution method is better at Tianchi station.Key words :Changbai Mountain area;rainstorm;climate characteristics;occurrence period;Weibull-Distribution㊀㊀长白山位于吉林省东南部,呈东北-西南走向,是东北地区海拔最高的山脉,也是鸭绿江㊁松花江和图们江的发源地.长白山具有保存完好的植被带,是东北亚重要的气候调节带.近年来,随着全球气候变化,极端气候事件发生频次持续升高,强度加大.我国东北地区山环水绕,西㊁北㊁东三面环山,降水与局地地形有较大关系[1].作为 水源 地之一,需要评估长白山天池极端降水量变化规律以及地形动力作用对长白山地区暴雨的贡献.近年来,有学者对暴雨极值进行了模型构建㊁影响评估,如袭祝香等[2]利用逐日降水资料分析了东北地区1961 2000年的明显暴雨过程特征,建立了反映明显暴雨程度的3项单项指标及综合评估指数,在此基础上划分了明显暴雨过程的评估等级;郭渠等[3]使用皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布㊁耿贝尔分布和指数分布编制了暴雨强度公式,为重庆市主城区雨水排水系统规划㊁设计和管理提供了重要依据;王晓光[4]计算了呼伦贝尔市日最高气温㊁日最低气温㊁日降水量㊁日最大风速的重现期,并对计算结果进行了χ2检验;庞文保等[5]用皮尔逊Ⅲ型和极值Ⅰ型绘制了最大风速分布曲线,估算了30a 一遇风速和50a 一遇风速;黄玉贞等[6]用皮尔逊Ⅲ型曲线分析了阜新地区干旱发生时间㊁频率.还有学者[7-14]用不同方法对能见度㊁寒潮㊁大风等进行了评估.本文利用长白山地区3个气象站59a 气象观测数据,通过多种评估方法研究长白山地区暴雨特征和年最大日降水量.研究成果可为长白山景区建设㊁安全调度㊁下游水库排洪泄洪㊁有效降低灾害带来的经济损失提供依据;同时,长白山地区自然资源极为丰富,研究暴雨的空间分布特征㊁时间变化特征对境内生态保护具有重要意义.1㊀研究材料与方法1.1㊀研究材料研究材料为长白山地区二道站㊁东岗站㊁天池站3个气象站1960 2018年59a 实际降水数据.其中,天池站1960 1989年为全年站,1990年至今为季节站.1990 2011年和2018年6 9月观测,2012 2017年5 10月观测,时次为当日20时至翌日20时的24h 总降水量,时间分辨率为小时.东岗站位于长白山山脉西风带迎风坡,地形动力抬升作用明显,天气系统较稳定,也容易被激发而呈对称不稳定性;二道站为长白山北坡的典型气象站,只有在西风槽过境及气流转为偏北气流时动力抬升作用才明显;天池站位于长白山主峰,海拔2623m,处于对流层中㊁下层,以暴雨为主的极端天气时有发生.1.2㊀研究方法本次研究使用统计学方法[15-16]统计二道站㊁东岗站㊁天池站暴雨数据,分析气候变化规律及空间分布特征.基于年最大值法选样,利用气象学常用的指数分布㊁耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布㊁韦布尔分布4种函数进行拟合计算,借助MATLAB 软件绘制重现期与年最大日降水量分布曲线,通过χ2检验对比选出最优分布函数.1)指数分布:x =r ln A +β,其中:r 为离散程度参数;β为分布曲线下限;A 为特定再现期极值.2)耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布在特定再现期下的极值计算函数为x T =b -1aln -ln 1-1T æèöø=m x -m y σy σx -σx σyln -ln 1-1T æèöø,其中:a 为尺度参数;b 为位置参数;m x ㊁σx 分别为观测得到N 个样本的平均值和均方差;m y ㊁σy 分别为耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布中不同样本容量N 的均值和均方差;T 为特定再现期.3)皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布的3参数概率密度函数和分布函数:f (x )=1βaΓ(α)(x -a 0)a -1e -x -a 0β,㊀a 0ɤx <+ɕ,α,β>0,F (x )=1βaΓ(α)ʏx a 0(t -a )a -1e-x -a 0βd t ,㊀α,β>0,其中:a 0为随机变量可能取的最小值;α为形状参数;β为尺度参数.4)韦布尔分布3参数概率密度函数和分布函数:f (x )=c b x -a b æèöøc -1e -x -a b ()c ,x ȡa ,22北华大学学报(自然科学版)第22卷F (x )=1-e -x -a b()c .最大值再现期T (x )=11-F (x )=e x -a b ()c .年最大日降水量x T =a +b (ln T )1c .式中:a ㊁b ㊁c 分别为位置参数㊁尺度参数㊁形状参数.5)χ2适合度检验函数:χ2=ðki =1(n i -Np i )2Np i,(1)其中:n i 为第i 组实际观测频数;N 为实际观测样本的个数;p i 为概率密度与组距的乘积.χ2值很小,说明理论频数与实际频数很接近.给定信度范围α后,查χ2分布表,得出χ2α,若χ2<χ2α,则认为该样本服从χ2分布;反之,若χ2ȡχ2α,则认为该样本不服从χ2分布.式(1)将把实际观测样本值分成组距相等的i 个组.2㊀长白山地区暴雨气候特征图1暴雨年代际变化Fig.1Variation of decadal rainstorm2.1㊀暴雨日数时空变化从年际变化看,天池站㊁东岗站㊁二道站出现暴雨的频率分别是95%㊁66%㊁47%.暴雨年代际变化见图1.由图1可知:20世纪60年代,天池站年平均暴雨日数为3.7d,二道站和东岗站不足1d;20世纪70年代㊁80年代天池站暴雨日数略有减少,到90年代达到最少,仅为2.4d,二道站和东岗站平均暴雨日数较前期略有增加;自2000年以来,长白山地区平均暴雨日数显著增多,其中,21世纪10年代天池站达4.6d,二道站和东岗站均超过1d.暴雨月分布情况见表1.由表1可见:1960 2018年,长白山地区4 10月均有暴雨发生,大部分出现在69月.其中,天池站7月暴雨日数最多,占总暴雨日数的44.2%;其次是8月,天池夏季(6 8月)暴雨日数占总暴雨日数的87%.低海拔的二道站和东岗站8月暴雨日数最多.与天池站和东岗站相比,二道站暴雨出现最晚,结束最早.综上可知:近59a 长白山地区年平均暴雨日为1.8d,在空间分布上,天池站最多,为3.7d,东岗站次之(1d),二道站最少(0.7d).表1㊀1960—2018年暴雨月分布特征Tab.1㊀Monthly distribution characteristics of rainstorm from 1960to 2018/d站名暴雨日数4月5月6月7月8月9月10月二道002132130东岗211212561天池241896752022.2㊀不同量级暴雨日数分布1960 2018年,长白山地区不同量级暴雨日数分布见表2.由表2可见:二道站暴雨量级主要分布在50~80mm,东岗站暴雨分布区间较二道站大,天池站暴雨分布区间最广.天池站24h 降水量有1d 超过200mm.从各区间频数看,不同量级暴雨频数随区间增大呈下降趋势.暴雨强度表现为天池站最强,东岗站次之,可能是因为天池站海拔高,地形的动力作用㊁云物理作用在此表现最强烈,同时,天池作为 三江源头 ,具备丰富的水汽条件;东岗站处于西风带的迎风坡,地形的动力抬升作用表现比较明显.32第1期张伶俐,等:长白山地区暴雨特征及重现期几种计算方法对比表2㊀1960 2018年长白山地区不同量级暴雨日数分布Tab.2㊀Distribution of rainstorm days with different magnitude from 1960to 2018in Changbai Mountain aera /d站名暴雨日数50~59.9mm 60~69.9mm 70~79.9mm 80~89.9mm 90~99.9mm 100~109.9mm 110~119.9mm 120~129.9mm ȡ130mm ȡ140mm ȡ150mm ȡ160mm ȡ170mm ȡ200mm二道227610101000000东岗2812743200111100天池804026191057511743113㊀基于年最大日降水量的重现期曲线拟合3.1㊀长白山地区各气象站年最大日降水量对比从二道站㊁东岗站㊁天池站近59a 年最大日降水量箱线图(图2a)可以看出:3站年最大日降水量的最小值较一致,下边缘㊁下四分位数㊁中位数㊁上四分位数㊁上边缘都表现为天池站>东岗站>二道站,而二道站的异常值最多,天池站异常值上限最大,3站的异常值都集中在较大值一侧,χ2分布均表现为右偏态,为正偏;天池站中位数表现为偏向于下四分位数,偏度系数为正,右偏度表现得最明显,表明天池站在达到中位数之前的降水量离散程度最高.因此,评估长白山地区的暴雨情况可以从年最大日降水量着手.3.2㊀年最大日降水量的月分布特征根据天池站1960 1989年年最大日降水量的月分布特征(图2b)可知:年最大日降水量发生在6月的频率为17%,7月为33%,8月达50%,即发生在6 8月(夏季)的频率为100%,故天池站1990 2018年全年最大日降水量可以用6 8月的最大日降水量代替进行分析.图2年最大日降水量Fig.2Annual maximum daily precipitation3.3㊀4种分布函数参数目前,推算年最大日降水量的算法有两类:一类是水文气象法;另一类是频率计算法,也称数理统计法.由于长白山地区地形复杂,降水受地形㊁大气稳定度等影响较大,因此,本次研究采取指数㊁耿贝尔Ⅰ型㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型㊁韦布尔4种分布函数对长白山地区年最大日降水量进行推算.各分布函数参数见表3.表3㊀1960 2018年最大日降水量4种分布函数参数Tab.3㊀Parameters of four different distribution functions of annual maximum daily precipitation from 1960to 2018分布函数参数名称参数值二道东岗天池指数离散程度8.6214.4723.92曲线下限38.7836.6761.06耿贝尔Ⅰ型尺度参数0.070.050.03位置参数43.9848.1760.1042北华大学学报(自然科学版)第22卷表3(续)分布函数参数名称参数值二道东岗天池形状参数 1.25 1.32 2.30皮尔逊Ⅲ型尺度参数15.6120.4125.18可能取的最小值32.6432.2940.37尺度参数19.1031.6653.79韦布尔形状参数 1.09 1.11 1.33位置参数33.5828.5148.673.4㊀重现期-年最大日降水量关系令T =1~1000a,间隔为1a,推算不同重现期下可能出现的曲线走势,见图3.由图3可知:在相同重现期下,二道站最大日降水量耿贝尔Ⅰ型㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型与韦布尔曲线走向一致,指数分布法曲线相对平缓;东岗站年最大日降水量曲线为指数法最平缓,韦布尔曲线最陡峭,年最大日降水量关系为韦布尔分布>耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布ȡ皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布>指数分布;天池站年最大日降水量4种分布函数在110mm 相交后呈发散状态,耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布发散得最快,皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布和韦布尔分布次之,指数分布最慢,在相同重现期下降水量值表现为耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布>皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布ȡ韦布尔分布>指数分布.由预测降水量可知:1~1000a 年最大日降水量预测上线分别为二道站150mm,东岗站210mm,天池站310mm.图3二道站㊁东岗站㊁天池站1~1000a 重现期日最大降水量Fig.3Maximum daily precipitation for reproduction period 1~1000a at Erdao station ,Donggang station and Tianchi station3.5㊀不同重现期下的年最大日降水量从防灾减灾㊁趋利避害㊁提前部署景区建设,以及为长白山植被生长㊁动物繁殖研究提供参考等角度出发,借助上述4种分布函数推算重现期分别为10㊁20㊁50和100a 的年最大日降水量,并选取最优分布法.长白山地区不同海拔站点不同重现期年最大日降水量见表4~表7.由表4~表7可知:指数分布推算的10㊁20㊁50㊁100a 暴雨年最大日降水量都偏小,耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布和韦布尔分布推算的预测52第1期张伶俐,等:长白山地区暴雨特征及重现期几种计算方法对比值较一致,后3种分布函数推算的降水量误差范围为2%~10%,且年最大日降水量的误差随着重现期的增大而略增加,与实际接近,能满足极端暴雨量级预测服务的需要.表4㊀重现期为10a年的最大日降水量Tab.4㊀Annual maximum daily precipitation a with a10-year recurrence period/mm站名年最大日降水量指数耿贝尔Ⅰ型皮尔逊Ⅲ型韦布尔最优拟合二道站59777475耿贝尔Ⅰ型东岗站70939096耿贝尔Ⅰ型㊁韦布尔天池站116153149149.5韦布尔㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型表5㊀重现期为20a年的最大日降水量Tab.5㊀Annual maximum daily precipitation with a20-year recurrence period/mm站名年最大日降水量指数耿贝尔Ⅰ型皮尔逊Ⅲ型韦布尔最优拟合二道站65888686韦布尔㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型东岗站80107105114耿贝尔Ⅰ型㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型天池站133176171172韦布尔表6㊀重现期为50a年的最大日降水量Tab.6㊀Annual maximum daily precipitation with a50-year recurrence period/mm站名年最大日降水量指数耿贝尔Ⅰ型皮尔逊Ⅲ型韦布尔最优拟合二道站72102101100耿贝尔Ⅰ型㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型东岗站93125124137耿贝尔Ⅰ型㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型天池站155206199199皮尔逊Ⅲ型㊁韦布尔表7㊀重现期为100a年的最大日降水量Tab.7㊀Annual maximum daily precipitation with a100-year recurrence period/mm站名年最大日降水量指数耿贝尔Ⅰ型皮尔逊Ⅲ型韦布尔最优拟合二道站78112112111耿贝尔Ⅰ型㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型东岗站103139139154耿贝尔Ⅰ型㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型天池站171229219219皮尔逊Ⅲ型㊁韦布尔4㊀极值重现期的χ2适合度检验由于相同重现期下指数分布计算的年最大日降水量与实际值拟合度不高,因此对皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布㊁耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布㊁韦布尔分布3种函数进行χ2检验.在0.05信度范围查χ2分布表,得出临界值χ2α,挑选拟合度最好的分布方法.长白山区各站点年最大日降水量的χ2适合度检验结果见表8.由表8可知:皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布和耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布在二道站年最大日降水量评估中均通过了0.05的信度检验,但耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布拟合度更高(χ2=0.813<5.250);耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布在3种分布函数中表现最优异,并通过了0.05信度检验,而韦布尔分布在天池站的χ2检验值为5.260,远超过耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布和皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布,在给定信度范围内小于χ2检验临界值.综上,耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布在二道站和东岗站年最大日降水量预测中表现最佳,而韦布尔分布在天池站表现得更完美.表8㊀长白山区各气象站年最大日降水量χ2适合度检验Tab.8㊀Chi-square test about the maximum daily precipitation in Changbai Mountain area台站皮尔逊Ⅲ分布耿贝尔Ⅰ分布韦布尔分布χ2χ2αχ2χ2αχ2χ2α最佳拟合分布二道 5.250 5.9910.813 5.991 6.040 5.991耿贝尔Ⅰ型东岗7.140 5.991 3.490 5.9918.870 5.991耿贝尔Ⅰ型天池81.3009.48825.47011.071 5.2609.488韦布尔㊀注:α=0.05.62北华大学学报(自然科学版)第22卷5 结论和讨论长白山地区暴雨具有明显的时空分布特征,平均暴雨日数呈逐年增多趋势,极端气候事件多发,这与全球变暖密不可分.本次研究显示,在暴雨日数空间分布上,天池站最多,东岗站次之;二道站暴雨量级主要分布在50~80mm,东岗站暴雨分布区间较二道站大,天池站暴雨分布区间最广,这与长白山地区的特殊地形有关,东岗站位于西风带的迎风坡,地形的强迫抬升作用表现得比二道站更明显,而天池站是高海拔气象站,无论在何种天气系统下,地形动力作用㊁云物理作用都能得到极好发挥,同时,作为水源地,天池为暴雨的发生提供了丰富的水汽条件,这些都可为以后划分长白山地区暴雨量级提供参考标准;二道站㊁东岗站㊁天池站年最大日降水量达到暴雨的频率分别为49%㊁66%㊁95%,天池站中位数表现为偏向于下四分位数,偏度系数为正,右偏度表现得最明显;天池站降水的离散程度最高,发生极端降水的概率较大.对长白山地区不同海拔3个站点暴雨重现期进行拟合计算显示:指数分布计算的10㊁20㊁50㊁100a 暴雨年最大日降水量都偏小,耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布㊁皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布和韦布尔分布预测值较一致;耿贝尔Ⅰ型分布在二道站和东岗站年最大日降水量预测中线性拟合度最好,而韦布尔分布则是在天池站暴雨预测表现得更完美.目前,已有许多专家基于年最大值选样算法,利用不同频率曲线确定重现期㊁暴雨强度和历时,构建了暴雨强度模型,取得了良好的社会效益和经济效益.在全球变暖㊁极端天气事件多发的背景下,构建长白山地区不同海拔站点的暴雨强度模型也是未来要开展的工作之一.长白山暴雨受地形影响较大,表现在不同天气系统下的增幅不同.目前还没有对长白山地区不同天气系统下地形对降水量级,尤其是暴雨的影响研究.因此,从防灾减灾㊁趋利避害角度考虑,有必要对长白山地区暴雨特征进行深入研究,完善预测模型.参考文献:[1]王凌梓,苗峻峰,韩芙蓉.近10年中国地区地形对降水影响研究进展[J].气象科技,2018,46(1):64-75.[2]袭祝香,孙力,刘实.东北地区重大暴雨过程评估方法研究[J].灾害学,2009,24(2):61-64.[3]郭渠,廖代强,孙佳,等.重庆主城区暴雨强度公式推算和应用探讨[J].气象,2015,41(3):336-345.[4]王晓光.气象要素重现期的计算方法与比较[J].内蒙古气象,2015(5):29-32.[5]庞文保,白光弼,滕跃,等.P-Ⅲ型和极值Ⅰ型分布曲线在最大风速计算中的应用[J].气象科技,2009,37(2):221-223.[6]黄玉贞,张玉龙,王芳.阜新地区干旱发生规律研究[J].气象与环境学报,2010,26(2):45-49.[7]姬兴杰,朱业玉,顾万龙,等.河南省大风日数时空分布及其对沙尘天气的影响[J].气象与环境学报,2012,28(1):31-37.[8]胥珈珈,刘娜,王鑫.白山市低温极值重现期的计算方法与比较[J].气象灾害防御,2018,25(1):21-24.[9]尹文有,郑皎,王继红,等.年最大日雨量极值分布拟合与推算[J].气象科技,2011,39(2):137-140.[10]袭祝香,孙力,刘实.吉林省单站暴雨特征分析及评估方法[J].气象科学,2009,29(2):230-234.[11]彭嘉栋,叶成志,张剑明,等.中国中部典型高山气象站风速的均一性检验及其变化特点[J].气象与环境学报,2019,35(4):139-144.[12]郑石,王冠,林中冠,等.1961 2013年中国强降水特征分析[J].气象与环境学报,2018,34(6):102-107.[13]李祥,寿绍文,白艳辉,等.1960 2013年白洋淀湿地气候变化特征分析[J].气象与环境学报,2016,32(1):75-83.[14]毛炜峄,陈颖,曹兴.单站寒潮降温过程强度评估指标及其在乌鲁木齐市的应用[J].气象与环境学报,2016,32(5):139-146.[15]马开玉,张耀存,陈星.现代应用统计学[M].北京:气象出版社,2004:177-196.[16]姬兴杰,李凤秀,朱业玉,等.河南省洛河上游暴雨山洪致灾临界面雨量的确定[J].气象与环境学报,2015,31(6):43-50.ʌ责任编辑:郭㊀伟ɔ72第1期张伶俐,等:长白山地区暴雨特征及重现期几种计算方法对比。
每日英文
1. replenishment [ri‟pleniʃmənt] n. 补给,补充material replenishment strategies: 物料请购战略2. kanban [ka:nba:n] 看板,指企业为降低原材料或零部件的仓储成本在需要前夕才进货的制度3. utilize […ju:tilaiz] 利用, 使用verbal 口头的[‘və:bəl]4. processes 流程，进程conflict战斗, 斗争，冲突, 抵触, 争论5. familiar with [fə’miljə]熟悉represent 表现, 描绘，作为…的代表6. critical 决定性的, 关键性的,重要的，危急的set forth阐明，陈述；起程, 出发7. capacity [kə’pæsiti] 容量, 容积; 才能, 能力,产能deliverable 交付物8. mechanical and electrical components: 机构件和电子件waiver w放弃, 弃权, 弃权声明书9. interpersonal skill: 人与人之间的沟通技巧commencement开始，发端；开工10. be responsible for 负责bachelor degree […bætʃələ]学士学位,本科学历11. implement […implimənt] 使生效, 贯彻, 执行analysis [ə‟næləsis]分析analyse […ænəlaiz] 分析, 分解, 解释work-flow 工作流程absence缺席deputy代理12. punctual […pŋktuəl] 严守时刻的; 准时的; 正点的senior […si:njə] 资深, 年长的13. distribution 配送staff [stɑ:f]职工durable […djuərəbl] 持久的, 耐用的14 procedure [prə‟si:də] 程序, 步骤pursue [pə‟sju:] 追捕, 追击; 追求colleague […kli:ɡ] 同事rigorously[‟riɡərəs] 严格的portable […pɔ:təbl]便于携带的; 手提式的; 轻便的MRP(material requirement plan):物料需求计划MPS(master production schedules):主生产计划BOM(bill of material):物料清单ERP(enterprise resource plan):企业资源计划JIT(just in time):适时，适量，适质，适地，适料commitment 承诺, 许诺, 保证, liabilities 呆滞15. You will be responsible for the production control, scheduling, inventory control, and purchasing plan for raw materials. you will implement J.I.T. and achieve the target on planning and material control as per the company growth strategy. You need to ensure punctual distribution for production plan and material needs to the relevant functions and to meet the requirement of inventory control and the accuracy of quantity . You will establish policies and procedures that confirm to China and other cou ntries‟ government regulations16. You will plan, direct and coordinate activities of personnel engaged in planning, purchasing and distributing raw materials, finished goods, equipment, and supplies for production and plant operations in order to achieve company cost and customer delivery requirements. You will recommend methods for improving efficiency and reducing inventory of raw materials, finished goods and work-in-process while maintaining a high level of on time delivery17. You will have over ten years direct materials management experience, including; planning, purchasing, inventory control, shipping and receiving, including material replenishment strategies such as Kanban and MRP You need to have ability to utilize commonly accepted information systems (Oracle preferred) and develop new processes to address improvement. You need to be familiar with customs regulations for import and export of production materials ?Excellent written and verbal communication skills in English and Mandarin and demonstrated leadership and organizational skills are must for this job.18. Responsible to manage a department in the areas of capacity planning, production scheduling, material planning, warehousing and inventory for products with short lead time. To establish internal policies and develop effective material planning and controlling processes strategically. Strong leadership with good communication and problem-solving skill, responsible, independent, initiative and detailed-minded. To work closely with production and purchasing department on master scheduling, finished goods delivery and material management. Coordinate with internal departments on master scheduling, finished goods deliveryand material management. Plan, control and monitor daily production schedule to fully utilize the plant facilities. Establish internal policies and develop effective material planning and controlling processes strategically. Plan, control and monitor on-time supply of material flow on production lines. Responsible for on-time order fulfillment and shipment adherence as scheduled19. -Lead production procurement team successfully on objectives management, monitors and measures the results to achieve organizational objectives or quality, cost, delivery and profitability.-Implements improvements in business processes.-Develops and implements strategic plans frequently in support of multiple business units or geographies. -Develops proposals / contracts / programs for the most complex, high risk goods and services typically having little or no precedent.-Support worldwide commodity team to manage HGST suppliers relationships.Qualifications:-Comprehensive knowledge of market intelligence, international sourcing and business principles such as purchasing, materials logistics management, business and contract law, licensing, finance and accounting. -Requires extensive, broad based experience in procurement and related functions with particular emphasis on negotiation and contract administration.-Requires current knowledge in multiple commodities and a specific engineering discipline (such as electronics, mechanics, manufacturing, metallurgy or chemistry).-Knowledge is used to solve complex technical problems, develop broad business processes, conductin-depth analysis and develop detailed business plans.-Good English written, verbal and interpersonal communication skills when working with suppliers, customers, team members and management.-Possess strong computer based skills in MS Word, Excel and PowerPoint20. Primarily responsible for Leading the procurement team and associated activities.Keyresponsibilities include managing buyers activities, priorities and all associated business processes including, supplier forecast, establishing demand pull systems for internal suppliers as well as external suppliers, NPI, cost reduction and inventory management/controls.Provide strategic direction for Procurement team to ensure business growth as well as cost, quality and delivery objectives are met.Identify priorities for Continuous Improvement initiatives using Lean principles. Sponsor and direct resources for these initiatives to ensure improvements objectives are realized.Ensure all the purchasing activities comply with the company‟s standards and policies.Maintain compliance with corporate and facility policies & procedures. Ensure the highest standards of integrity and professionalism are adhered to in the procurement and inventory management process.Manage purchasing activities and resources associated with site New Product Introduction efforts. Coordinate new supplier development, new item and critical sourcing risk activities with Commodity Management Team.Maintain inventory levels that ensure good asset turnover consistent with “World Class”production, customer service and purchasing economies.Provide leadership to the team to deliver results.21.Good command of the English language – Reading, Writing, Listening, and Speaking.At least 5years of strong supplier quality engineering experience. Familiarity with quality assurancestandards and quality control practices. Some experience working with valve industry, or foundries or electronic industry would be very beneficial.Ability to read and interpret technical drawings and specifications. Strong interpersonal communication skills. Proficiency in Microsoft Office, eMail and Internet usage. Willingness to travel to various supplier locations in China with majority of activity in the Shanghai area. On occasion if required, willingness to travel overseas for training22. Purchasing Manager:You will directly report to GM (Main Duties) :1. Look for suppliers that can produce the components that XiongWei needs with the best balance between quality and price;2. Ask quotations and samples to suppliers getting always all the information about prices and pur chase conditions (cost break down, lead-time...);3. Make sure that suppliers understand and can meet XiongWei Requirements;4. Assistance to Logistic and Finance Dept. with all the problems regarding deliveries and payments5. Keep undated database with supplier's information and Purchasing price of components;6. Follow up rigorously the CP procedure;7. Achieve the XiongWei Sourcing Targets;Studies Requirement:- Graduate in University (Machinery or Engineering background is preferred)- Good command of English, excellent Spoken EnglishQualifications* At least 4 years with Purchasing Manager in a Company with Equaling position;* Able to check the problems, to communicate them and try to solve them in a team;* The new person has to be a very communicative person and able to work in a team;* Capacity with Cost controlling;* Good negotiation skills with Suppliers;* Good capacity with Clear and Logical person;* Capacity with Cost controlling;* Good occupational ethic.23. GENERAL MISSIONLeading a sourcing section, the Product Manager must answer to the customer‟s needs. He is directly responsible for sourcing, negotiation and management of his section to achieve business objectives, ensure increasing turnover and on-time delivery according to the company‟s sourcing, buying policies and customers needs.DIRECT MANAGER: Commercial DirectorSOURCINGThe PM must set up and monitor the suppliers strategy of his business unit- Know the sourcing map for his categories.- Select the most reliable and performing suppliers according to the quality requirements and Auchan Policies.- Validate each new supplier of his business section- Get personally involved in all suppliers management and be responsible for negotiations of contracts with suppliers.- Orient his team on the supplier‟s strategy and monitor the implementation.- Is responsible of the quality of service of his supplier.- Sign the WTA (with the com mercial director‟ agreement for supplier with more than one million turnover). The PM must define a clear range structure.- Define a clear strategy of product development plan.- Optimize the assortment structure (first price, 20/80).The PM must answer to customers‟ needs- Offer a complete and updated range of products matching the European standards and responding to the customers‟ requests.- Know customers‟ requirements, set-up and realize commercial projects of his section.- Be responsible for quality and performance of offers to customers.OPERATION PROCESSThe PM is responsible of the global operations process to achieve customers‟ requirements (quality, product, delivery)- Monitor the good follow-up of the global process accor ding to customers‟ needs and AIE policy.- Coordinate the Quality process with the Quality department to manage the quality information (quality audit, social audit, lab test and updated standards).- Insure the implementation of Auchan commercial policies and rules.- Coordinate his action with every support department in ATC and AIE Villeneuve to maintain the best working relationship with all.- Make proposals to improve the global process‟ s efficiency.BUSINESS MANAGEMENTThe PM must set-up his commercial strategy and monitor it to achieve the targets defined with his commercial director . He has to set up the supplier strategy of his business unit.- Be in charge of suppliers database for evaluation (scorecard) and write precise actions plan to improve the suppliers …performance.- Define with his commercial director and customers the business unit objective. Implement the strategy to achieve it and monitor the implementation.- Constantly review gaps between goals and results, set up feasible actions plans to ensure targets are met.- Be responsible of his personnel cost and of the yearly budget(travel expenses).- Identify business opportunity and share with his national and international buyers.TEAM MANAGEMENTThe PM must manage his team to develop professionalism and team spirit.- Responsible for recruiting, training and coaching his team.- Lead his team to achieve its targets and guarantee its professionalism and its efficiency.- Ensure the good relationship with his team and the others departments and the working efficiency of his business unit- Define the individual objectives in agreement with his commercial director and monitor performance of his team.- Establish a customer and service oriented team culture.All the activities should be on the basis of Auchan Ethic RulesREQUIREMENTS FOR THE POSITIONKnowledge: Expertise of a wide range of products /Knowledge of international trade /Knowledge of sourcing techniques /Knowledge of management techniques /Knowledge of computer tools /Fluent English both in spoken & written。
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