3dStudy Case-英文模板
高考三维度英语作文
高考三维度英语作文In the realm of English language education, the Gaokao stands as a pivotal moment for Chinese students, testing their linguistic abilities and their command of the subject. The English composition section, in particular, is a multifaceted challenge that assesses students on three critical dimensions: language proficiency, content quality, and adherence to instructions.Language ProficiencyThe first dimension is language proficiency, which encompasses grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structure. Students are expected to demonstrate a nuanced understandingof English syntax and the ability to construct sentences that are both complex and coherent. This requires not only arobust vocabulary but also the skill to use it effectively to convey precise meanings. The use of idiomatic expressions and a variety of tenses can elevate a composition, showcasing the student's linguistic maturity.Content QualityThe second dimension is the quality of content, whichinvolves the student's ability to develop a clear, logical, and well-organized argument or narrative. This includes the capacity to introduce a topic, support it with relevant examples or reasons, and bring the composition to asatisfactory conclusion. The content should be engaging, informative, and thought-provoking, encouraging readers to reflect on the ideas presented. Originality and depth of thought are highly valued in this dimension.Adherence to InstructionsThe third dimension is adherence to instructions, which is a critical aspect of the Gaokao English composition. Students must follow the prompt closely, ensuring that their composition meets the word count, format, and thematic requirements stipulated by the examination guidelines. Deviations from the instructions can significantly impact the overall score, as they indicate a lack of attention to detail and an inability to follow directions.Strategies for SuccessTo excel in the Gaokao English composition, students should employ several strategies:1. Practice Regularly: Writing compositions on various topics helps to refine language skills and improve content development.2. Study Past Papers: Analyzing previous Gaokao compositions can provide insights into what examiners are looking for in terms of language use and content quality.3. Expand Vocabulary: A wide range of vocabulary, including advanced and less common words, can enhance thesophistication of the writing.4. Understand Cultural References: Including culturally relevant examples can add depth to the composition and demonstrate a global perspective.5. Plan and Outline: Before writing, students should plan their composition, outlining the main points and thestructure to ensure clarity and coherence.6. Proofread: Time should be allocated for proofreading to correct any grammatical errors and to ensure the composition meets all the requirements.In conclusion, the Gaokao English composition is a comprehensive evaluation of a student's English language skills. By focusing on language proficiency, content quality, and adherence to instructions, students can craft compositions that not only meet the demands of the examination but also reflect their true capabilities as English language learners.。
英语作文3d打印
英语作文3d打印In the realm of modern technology, 3D printing stands out as a revolutionary development that has the potential to reshape various industries. This essay aims to explore the impact of 3D printing on society, its applications, and the challenges it may present.Introduction:The advent of 3D printing technology has brought about a paradigm shift in how we perceive manufacturing and creation. It allows for the production of three-dimensional objects from digital models, transforming the way we design and produce goods.Applications in Various Fields:1. Medicine: 3D printing has made significant strides in the medical field, enabling the creation of custom prosthetics, implants, and even organs for transplantation.2. Architecture: In architecture, 3D printing is used to create intricate models and, in some cases, entire buildings, reducing construction time and costs.3. Education: Schools are integrating 3D printers into their curricula, providing students with hands-on experience and fostering creativity and innovation.4. Art and Design: Artists and designers are leveraging 3D printing to bring their complex and abstract designs to life, pushing the boundaries of traditional art forms.Economic Implications:The ability to print objects on-demand has profound economic implications. It can lead to reduced inventory costs, more efficient supply chains, and the potential for localized manufacturing, which could reshape global trade dynamics.Challenges and Concerns:Despite its many benefits, 3D printing also presents challenges. Intellectual property rights may be compromised as it becomes easier to replicate items. Additionally, the potential for printing weapons or other dangerous objects raises ethical and security concerns.The Future of 3D Printing:Looking ahead, 3D printing is poised to become even more integral to our lives. Advancements in materials and technology will likely expand its capabilities, leading to new applications we have yet to imagine.Conclusion:3D printing is a transformative technology with the potential to revolutionize the way we live and work. As it continues to evolve, it is crucial for society to address the challengesit presents and to harness its full potential for the betterment of humanity.This essay has provided an overview of the impact of 3D printing technology across different sectors and its implications for the future. As we continue to embrace this technology, it will be essential to navigate the complexities it introduces with foresight and responsibility.。
体验商务英语3 CASE STUDY unit 7 Toyworld
Unit 13：TOYWORLDAndy Wong:王安福Airo:黄少华David：张建阳J K: 沈建坤First meeting：Discussion of the do's and don'tsAiro:Good afternoon, Andy, David, Jack. Today, I have a good news for you, Mr Lee Chung, head of a toy manufacturing firm accompanied by his Export Manager, John Wong, will arrive at on 9:10am,20 June, then visit our company. He may set up a joint venture with Toyworld if he has confidence in us and consider us to be a suitable partner. So a reasonable pregramme is very important, I have collected some information about them, please do not hesitate to ask if you have any problems.J K: First sir, you should tell me their hobbies and taboos, what we should do and what we should not do in the meeting and discussion topics.Airo:As for the meeting, Chinese relationships are built on personal trust and respect. Everything you do during the visit must show that you consider them to be important person, relationship building activities and a successful social program will be more important than the business meeting, meanwhile,they value punctuality and sincerity.David:I have two questions, question 1: Should we hire an interpreter to help us? Q2: They may have different taste, so what kind of food do they like?Airo:MR Chung communicates fairly well in English ,but has some problems understanding difficult expressions, MR Wong has a much higher level of English. Both men are rather fussy about food, Mr Chung hates cheese, they both enjoy high quality alcoholic drinks.Andy Wong:Besides the joint venture, I want to know what are they interested in our Toyworld?Airo:The visitors will expect to have some basic information to give them a better understanding of the company, otherwise, they are interested in our warehousing facility and sales network. Airo:Ok, all of you know the matters need attention, I believe you can give me the best answer next day. Time is up, see you!Second meeting: Discuss Agenda programme, Hotel and Press conferenceAndy Wong:Okay, we have worked out a comprehensive plan. First, on Monday 08:30, we need to pick them up at Paris Airport,and then drive them to Paris Hotel to have a rest. Second, we will invite them to have the lunch with our Chief Executive so that both of us can have a beforehand understanding. Third, I have known that they are very interested in our warehousing facility and our sales network, so on Tuesday 09:00 we can invite them to inspect our warehousing facilities, at that time each department will introduce how these facilities work, by the way we can show them some high-tech facilities to strengthen their determination of joint venture. fourth, after the factory tours, I think they will have a better understanding of our company ,so please strike while the iron is hot, that is begin our important meeting at 14:30. Fifth, on Wednesday Morning, we need to take them to Eiffl Tower to relax, then after the travel we also send them back to China. And I want to know whether you have any different opinions.J K: I agree with your details but I think we should make a bit change about our program we should put the business meeting at the last step because we all know that our aim is to make a good relationship with them all we do before the business meeting should serve for the it . Only do so, let they have a good time, feel at home then we come achieve our dream more smoothly. David:About the place to stay, who to meet them and the arrangement for meals, I have made a plan. Firstly, I'm going toorder rooms in the Effile hotel, which is a three-star hotel, located in the country, with a private beach and fresh air. It is convenient and timesaving to travel to Eiffle tower from Eiffle hotel. Secondly, to show our great attention to them, we should send people in important position driving a BMW to meet them. The people to meet the clients will be CEO of course, and public relation manager have to go at that time, he can remind us what should do and what should not do. And marketing manager, he can tell them the market condition of company. Last one, warehousing manager, you know, they are interested in our warehousing facility, aren’t they? Thirdly, as they are fussy about food, Chinese meal may be the best choice for them. So, we can go to Chinatown. The food there are full of Chinese characteristics. And I know a restaurant there with high alcoholic drinks. These are my opinions. And my partner, JK, has something to make up, welcome!J K: According to their schedule I arrange the business meeting at 9:00 on Wednesday 22 June in our company at the meeting first I will mainly talk about our company situation especially our good service quality and our reputation then we will express our sincere wish to establish a business partner relationship with them after the meeting, we will send the models of our special products as gifts by doing so it will enhance our friendship and also as anadvertisement to show our products.Airo: I totally disagree with you, the Paris hotel will be better, it near our company, and the transport is convenient, and it has high level equipment.David:As for “should there be local press and Television coverage?”, I think ,during the meeting ,we will discuss something confidential. If conference are there, it will expose our secrets and bother our meeting. In addition, it cost a lot of money. It doesn’t worth it.Andy Wong:But I strongly support that we need a press conference. Before we decide to cooperate, I don’t think we will talk about the secrets of our company. If we hold a press conference, we can widen our company's awareness, at the same time, we can also show our respects to their company, this is my view, do you have any other ideas?J K: As Chinese like to talk about business or establish business we should hold the great opportunity to show our wish to establish a permanent business relationship with them of course ahead of that we will talk something interesting, for example some entertainment topics some good place to travel and some sports and so on by doing these will increase our friendship.Airo: The topics for discussion should be about social events, but not difficult topics, and they will be eager to learn about the life and culture in our country.Andy Wong:Yeah I have some suggestions, we will arrange the sales department to have a communication with them, show our innovative system with them, so that they can have a better understanding of our sales network. Also, we will invite them to have a face-to -face talk with our staff, on one hand they can gain a complete understanding of our company, on the other hand our staff can also gain some useful experience from their company.After board of director discussion: Would-be programmeAiro:Nice to meet you, today we shall make a decision of the programme, because of the intercultural conflict, and long term cooperation, we choose the second programme. Meeting is over, thank you for your attention, Goodbye!。
case study和field study
Case study和field study是两种常见的研究方法，它们在社会科学研究中扮演着重要的角色。
本文将就这两种研究方法进行深入探讨，从定义、特点、应用领域和优缺点等方面展开阐述。
一、案例研究（case study）1.定义案例研究是一种深入细致地对一个个案或少数几个相关个案进行全面分析和研究的方法。
在案例研究中，研究者会就研究对象的历史、背景、活动等方面进行深入的了解和研究。
2.特点（1）深入性：案例研究具有深入细致地对个案进行研究的特点，能够全面深入地了解个案的方方面面。
（2）个别性：案例研究侧重于对个别个案进行研究，而非对整体进行概括分析。
（3）多样性：案例研究可以涉及多种类型的个案，如个人、组织、事件等。
3.应用领域案例研究在社会科学领域有着广泛的应用，尤其在管理学、教育学、心理学等领域有着重要地位。
通过案例研究，研究者可以深入了解个案的内在规律，为理论的建构和验证提供重要依据。
4.优缺点（1）优点：案例研究能够深入了解个案的方方面面，有利于发现新现象、构建新理论，具有较高的启发性和反思性。
（2）缺点：由于案例研究的个别性和局限性，其研究结果通常具有一定的局限性，难以进行横向比较和总体推广。
二、实地研究（field study）1.定义实地研究是一种通过实地调查和观察的方式进行研究的方法。
在实地研究中，研究者会亲自前往研究对象所在的环境进行深入观察和调查，以获取真实、客观的数据和信息。
2.特点（1）真实性：实地研究可以获取真实、客观的数据和信息，有利于揭示事物的真实状态和规律。
（2）全面性：实地研究可以全面地观察和调查研究对象，获取丰富的信息和数据。
（3）灵活性：实地研究能够根据实际情况进行灵活的调整和改进，有利于获取更加准确的数据和信息。
3.应用领域实地研究在人类学、地理学、生态学等领域有着广泛的应用，尤其对于需要直接观察、调查的研究对象具有重要意义。
通过实地研究，研究者可以深入了解研究对象所在的环境、文化和社会生活，为理论的建构和实践的开展提供重要支持。
experiment 和 survey 、case study -回复
experiment 和survey 、case study -回复实验、调查和案例研究是社会科学领域广泛应用的研究方法。
本文将逐步回答关于这三种方法的问题，并阐述其用途、设计和可行性。
第一部分：实验实验是通过精心设计和控制的环境来观察和测试假设的科学方法。
实验通常分为两组，一组接受介入或处理，而另一组为对照组。
实验的目的是确定处理的因果效应。
实验的用途：实验方法通常用于社会科学和心理学领域。
例如，研究者可能想要测试一种新的心理疗法对焦虑症状的影响。
通过将一组患有焦虑症的参与者随机分配到实验组和对照组，并对实验组进行心理疗法处理，研究者可以比较两组之间的差异来确定心理疗法是否有效。
实验的设计：实验要求精确的设计和控制。
研究者需要定义研究问题并明确研究假设。
然后，他们需要设计实验的步骤和介入措施。
例如，在上述的心理疗法研究中，研究者需要定义心理疗法的具体内容和时间安排。
此外，实验还需要对数据进行收集和分析。
实验的可行性：实验可以严格控制变量，确保内部效度（即结果是否仅仅归因于处理）。
然而，实验方法的缺点是其外部效度（即结果是否可以推广到真实世界）有限。
此外，有些实验可能在伦理上存在问题，例如，对人类参与者施加不适当或有害的介入。
第二部分：调查调查是收集关于个人或群体行为、态度和观点的信息的方法。
调查可以通过不同的方式进行，例如面对面访谈、电子邮件或在线问卷。
调查的目的是描述和解释人们的行为和观点。
调查的用途：调查方法广泛应用于社会科学领域，例如社会学、心理学和市场研究。
调查可以帮助研究者了解群体的特征和态度，以及他们对特定话题的看法。
例如，民意调查可以用来调查公众对政府政策的看法。
调查的设计：调查需要研究者明确确定研究问题，并开发出具体的问卷或调查表。
研究者需要确定目标受众，并采用适当的样本选取方法来确保结果的代表性。
此外，数据的收集和分析也是调查的关键步骤。
调查的可行性：调查方法具有广泛的适用性和可行性。
dorset coast gcse case study -回复
dorset coast gcse case study -回复The Dorset Coast is a popular case study for GCSE geography students due to its diverse range of coastal features and processes. In this article, we will explore the key aspects of the Dorset coast, step by step.1. Introduction to the Dorset Coast:Located in the southwest of England, the Dorset coast stretches for about 140 kilometers, from Lyme Regis in the west to Christchurch in the east. It is renowned for its stunning beauty, rich geological history, and unique coastal formations. The area is a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site, known as the Jurassic Coast, due to the wealth of fossils and rock formations that span over 185 million years of history.2. Geological History and Formation:The geological history of the Dorset coast spans from the Triassic period to the Cretaceous period. The region features distinctive rock formations such as Lyme Regis Blue Lias and the cliffs of white chalk known as the Purbeck Beds. Through a combination of erosion and sedimentation, these geological features have been carved into dramatic cliffs, coves, bays, and headlands over millionsof years.3. Coastal Features:The Dorset coast boasts a wide variety of coastal features. Chesil Beach, a tombolo that stretches for 18 miles, is a famous example of a depositional landform in the area. It connects the Isle of Portland to the mainland and protects the Fleet Lagoon. Moreover, the famous Durdle Door is a natural limestone arch that formed through the erosion of the surrounding Purbeck Beds. The Old Harry Rocks, a series of chalk stacks located near Studland Bay, are another iconic feature that resulted from coastal erosion processes.4. Erosion Processes:Several erosion processes shape the Dorset coast. Hydraulic action occurs when waves crash against cliffs, exerting pressure and forcing out rock fragments. Abrasion is the grinding action of sediment carried by waves against the coastline, wearing it away over time. Attrition causes rocks and boulders to become smaller and rounded as they collide with each other. Solution occurs when certain rocks, such as chalk, are dissolved by acidic seawater. These processes work together to shape and erode the coastline.5. Management Strategies:Coastal management is a crucial aspect of protecting the Dorset coast from erosion and other risks. In areas where erosion is a concern, strategies such as beach nourishment and the construction of sea walls or groynes have been implemented. Beach nourishment involves adding sand or shingle to the beach to increase its width and resilience. Sea walls and groynes are built to absorb wave energy and prevent further erosion. Nevertheless, there are ongoing debates about the effectiveness and environmental impacts of these measures.6. Tourism and Economic Importance:The Dorset coast is a popular tourist destination, attracting millions of visitors each year. Tourism plays a significant role in the local economy, supporting businesses such as hotels, restaurants, and outdoor activity providers. The stunning landscapes, rich wildlife, and cultural heritage of the Dorset coast provide a unique experience for visitors, contributing to sustainable economic development in the region.In conclusion, the Dorset coast offers an excellent case study for GCSE geography students to understand coastal processes andlandforms. From its geological history to its diverse range of coastal features, this area provides valuable insights into erosion processes and coastal management strategies. With its natural beauty and economic importance, the Dorset coast stands as a captivating example of the complex interactions between humans and the environment.。
3d打印的应用英语作文
3d打印的应用英语作文3D Printing Applications。
With the rapid development of technology, 3D printing has become a popular topic in recent years. 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a process of creating three-dimensional objects from a digital file. It has a wide range of applications in various fields, including healthcare, aerospace, and entertainment.One of the most significant applications of 3D printing is in the healthcare industry. 3D printing technology has revolutionized the way medical professionals approach patient care. For example, doctors can now create customized prosthetics using 3D printing technology. These prosthetics are designed to fit the specific needs of each patient, making them more comfortable and effective than traditional prosthetics.Additionally, 3D printing has been used to createcomplex surgical models that allow doctors to plan and practice surgeries before performing them on patients. This technology has also been used to create implants and tissue scaffolds that can be used to repair damaged or diseased tissues.Another field that has benefited greatly from 3Dprinting technology is aerospace. 3D printing has allowed engineers to create complex parts and components that were previously impossible to manufacture. This technology has also enabled the creation of lightweight and durable parts that are essential for space exploration.In the entertainment industry, 3D printing has beenused to create props and costumes for movies and television shows. This technology has allowed designers to create intricate and detailed objects that would have beendifficult or impossible to create using traditional methods.However, 3D printing is not without its challenges. One of the main challenges is the cost of the technology. 3D printers can be expensive, and the cost of materials canalso be high. Additionally, the quality of the objects created using 3D printing technology can vary depending on the printer and materials used.In conclusion, 3D printing technology has a wide range of applications in various fields. From healthcare to aerospace to entertainment, 3D printing has revolutionized the way we approach design and manufacturing. Although there are challenges associated with this technology, the benefits it provides make it a valuable tool for many industries.。
3d计划英语学习
3d计划英语学习Introduction:Learning English is both important and challenging for many people around the world. In today's globalized world, English has become the lingua franca in many fields, such as business, science, and technology. Therefore, it's crucial to have a well-rounded learning plan that encompasses all aspects of the language: speaking, listening, reading, and writing. In this 3D learning plan, I will outline a comprehensive approach to learning English that utilizes traditional resources, technology, and real-world experiences to achieve fluency and proficiency in the language.Dimension 1: Traditional Resources1.1. Textbooks: Textbooks are an essential tool for learning the fundamentals of English grammar, vocabulary, and syntax. Selecting a reputable textbook that covers all levels of English proficiency, from beginner to advanced, is crucial for a solid foundation in the language. I will dedicate at least an hour each day to studying and practicing exercises froma textbook.1.2. Writing: Writing is an important skill for language learners to develop. I will practice writing short essays, journal entries, and creative pieces to improve my writing skills. I will also seek feedback from teachers and peers to further enhance my writing abilities.1.3. Reading: Reading extensively in English is essential for vocabulary building and exposure to different writing styles. I will set a goal to read a certain number of pages or chapters from English novels, newspapers, or magazines each week. I will also make a note of new vocabulary and phrases for further study.1.4. Listening: Listening to native English speakers is crucial for improving comprehension and speaking skills. I will listen to podcasts, audiobooks, and news broadcasts to expose myself to different accents and speech patterns. I will also practice listening for specific information and taking notes on important points.Dimension 2: Technology2.1. Language Learning Apps: There are numerous language learning apps available that cater to different learning styles and proficiency levels. I will utilize apps such as Duolingo, Babbel, and Rosetta Stone to reinforce vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation skills. These apps offer interactive activities and games that make learning fun and engaging.2.2. Online Tutors: Online platforms like iTalki and Preply offer opportunities to connect with native English speakers for one-on-one language lessons. I will schedule regular sessions with a tutor to practice conversation, receive feedback on my speaking and writing, and improve my fluency.2.3. Language Exchange: Engaging in language exchange programs with native English speakers is a great way to practice conversation and cultural exchange. I will join language exchange communities both online and in-person to interact with English speakers and offer assistance with their language learning in return.2.4. Language Learning Websites: There are a plethora of websites dedicated to English language learning, offering resources such as grammar guides, vocabulary lists, and study tips. I will regularly visit sites like BBC Learning English, FluentU, and ELLLO to access free materials and practice exercises.Dimension 3: Real-World Experiences3.1. Immersion: Immersing oneself in an English-speaking environment is one of the most effective ways to accelerate language learning. I will seek out opportunities to travel to English-speaking countries or participate in language immersion programs to practice speaking and listening in real-life situations.3.2. Volunteer Work: Volunteering for organizations or events that require English communication skills is a practical way to gain real-world experience. I will look for volunteer opportunities at international events, community centers, or non-profit organizations where I can interact with English speakers and contribute to meaningful causes.3.3. Cultural Activities: Engaging in cultural activities such as attending English-speaking theater productions, movie screenings, or art exhibitions can provide a deeper understanding of the language and its cultural context. I will actively seek out opportunities to participate in cultural events and interact with native English speakers.3.4. Networking: Building connections with English speakers in professional and social settings can provide valuable opportunities for language practice and skill development. I will attend networking events, meetups, and social gatherings where I can engage in conversations and expand my social and professional network.Conclusion:In conclusion, this 3D learning plan for English study adopts a holistic approach to language learning by incorporating traditional resources, technology, and real-world experiences. By integrating these dimensions into my language learning journey, I will be able to develop well-rounded language skills and achieve fluency in English. With dedication, consistent practice, and a proactive mindset, I am confident that this 3D learning plan will enable me to achieve my language learning goals effectively and efficiently.。
三维建筑模型中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文资料Constructing Rules and Scheduling Technology for 3DBuilding ModelsAbstract3D models have become important form of geographic data beyond conventional 2D geospatial data. Buildings are important marks for human to identify their environments, because they are close with human life, particularly in the urban areas. Geographic information can be expressed in a more intuitive and effective manner with architectural models being modeled and visualized in a virtual 3D environment. Architectural model data features with huge data volume, high complexity, non-uniform rules and so on. Hence, the cost of constructing large-scale scenes is high. Meanwhile, computers are lack of processing capacity upon a large number of model data. Therefore, resolving the conflicts between limited processing capacity of computer and massive data of model is valuable. By investigating the characteristics of buildings and the regular changes of viewpoint in virtual 3D environment, this article introduces several constructing rules and scheduling techniques for 3D constructing of buildings, aiming at the reduction of data volume and complexity of model and thus improving computers’ efficiency at scheduling large amount ofarchitectural models. In order to evaluate the efficiency of proposed constructing rules and scheduling technology listed in the above text, the authors carry out a case study by 3D constructing the campus of Peking University using the proposed method and the traditional method. The two results are then examined and compared from aspects of model data volume, model factuality, speed of model loading, average responding time during visualization, compatibility and reusability in 3D geo-visualization platforms: China Star, one China’s own platform for 3D g lobal GIS manufactured by the authors of this paper. The result of comparison reveals that models built by the proposed methods are much better than those built using traditional methods. For the constructing of building objects in large-scale scenes, the proposed methods can not only reduce the complexity and amount of model data remarkably, but can also improving computers’ efficiency.Keywords:Constructing rules, Model scheduling, 3D buildingsI. INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, with the development of 3D GIS (Geographical Information System) software like Google Earth, Skyline, NASA World Wind, large-scale 3D building models with regional characteristics have become important form of geographic data beyond conventional 2D geospatial data, like multi-resolution remote sensing images and vector data [1].Compared to traditional 2D representation, geographic information can be expressed in a more intuitive and effective manner with architectural models being modeled and visualized in a virtual 3D environment. 3D representation and visualization provides better visual effect and vivid urban geographic information, and thus plays an important role in people's perceptions of their environment. Meanwhile, the 3D building data is also of great significance for the construction of digital cities.But how to efficiently visualize thousands of 3D building models in a virtual 3D environment is not a trivial question. The most difficult part of the question is the conflicts between limited processing capacity of computer and massive volume of model data, particularly in the procedure of model rendering. Taking the 3D modeling of a city for the example using traditional 3D modeling method, suppose there are 100 000 buildings to model in the urban area and the average size of model data for each building is roughly 10 M. So the total data volume of building models in the city could reach a TB level. However, the capacity of ordinary computer memory is only in the GB scale. Based on this concern, the authors proposed the scheduling technology for large-scale 3D buildings models in aspects of model loading and rendering. Due to the lack of building constructing rules and standard, models of buildings vary in aspects of constructing methods, textures collection and model data volume, especially in aspects of model reusability and factuality. Such a large amount of data without uniform constructing rules becomes a huge challenge for data storage, processing and visualization in computers. It also brings the problem of incompatibility among different 3D GIS systems.After years of research in GIS (Geographic Information System), people have accumulated a number of ways to solve the above problems [3]. However in virtual 3D environment, because of the difference in data organization and manners of human computer interaction (HCI), we need to apply a new standardized method of modeling and scheduling for 3D models. At present, there is no such a uniform method as the constructing specification or standard for the modeling of 3D buildings. Existing approaches are insufficient and inefficient in the scheduling of large-scale building models, resulting in poor performance or large memory occupancy. In response to such questions, the authors proposed a new method for the construction of 3D building models. Models built using the proposed methods could be much better than those built using traditional methods. For the 3D modeling of building objects in scenes of large scale, the proposed methods can not only remarkably reduce the complexity and amount of model data, but can also improving the reusability and factuality of models. Concerning the scheduling of large-scale building models, the Model Loading Judgment Algorithm (MLJA) proposed in this paper could solve the optimal judgment problem of model loading in 3D vision cone, particularly in circumstance with uncertain user interactions.This paper first examines and analyzes existing problems in constructing and scheduling steps of 3D building models. Then the authors propose a set of constructing rules for 3D building models together with methods of model optimization. Besides, special scheduling technology and optimization method for model rendering is also applied in this paper for large-scale 3D building models. In order to evaluate the efficiency of proposed rules and methods, a case study is undertaken by constructing a 3D model for the main campus of Peking University and Shenzhen using both the proposed method and the traditional method respectively. The two resulting 3D models of Peking University campus and Shenzhen are then examined and compared with one other in aspects of model data volume, model factuality, speed of model loading, average responding time during visualization, compatibility and reusability in various 3D geo-visualization platforms like China Star (one China’s own platform for 3D global GIS manufactured by the authors),Skyline, etc. Result of comparison tells that provided similar factuality of models, using the proposed method of us, the data volume of models was reduced by 86%; the speed of model loading was increased by 70%; the average responding time of model during visualization and interaction speed was reduced by 83%. Meanwhile, the compatibility and reusability of 3D model data are also improved if they are constructed using our approach.II. MODELING RULES OF 3D BUILDINGS 3D scene is the best form of visualization for digital city systems. While constructing 3D models for buildings objects, proper methods and rules should be used, which are made with full concerns of the characteristics of 3D building models [2]. The resulting models should be robust, reusable and suitable enough for transmission over computer network, and should at the same time be automatically adapted to system capability.Generally speaking, methods of constructing 3D building models can be classified into three types: wireframe modeling, surface modeling and solid modeling. In normal circumstances, to model buildings in 3D format, the framework of building should be constructed first according to the contour features, number of floors, floor height, aerial photograph and liveaction photos of buildings. Then, gather the characteristics of scene that the buildings to model are representing. Important characteristics include buildings aerial photograph or liveaction shooting photos. Finally, map the gathered texture to model framework, optimize the model and create database of the 3D building models.Although there have already been many approaches for the construction of 3D building models, a unified modeling method and rules are still needed to improve the efficiency, quality, facilitate checking, reusability and archiving of constructed models. By investigating the characteristics of buildings, we found that buildings have regular geometric solid for modeling, similar texture on the surfaces of different directions, high similarity in small-scale models of buildings, etc. According to these, this article gives a discussion on the modeling rules from three aspects, includingconstructing rules of the 3D building models, texture mapping rules of 3D building models and optimization method for constructed models based on mentioned constructing rules.A. Constructing rules of the 3D building modelsThe 3D building modeling refers to the procedure of representing true buildings from the real world into computer in the form of 3D objects [4]. Human beings, as the creator and at the same time potential users of models, play a key role in this procedure. People are different from each other in the understanding of the building objects, methods of modeling and the software tools they use for modeling. Such differences among people who carry out modeling work at the same time lead to the 3D models of diverse quality and low efficiency. So the 3D building constructing rules proposed in this article become necessary and helpful to solve the above problems.1) Combine similar floors as a whole and keep the roof independent2) Share similar models and process the details especially3) Constructing in the unit of meters4) Define central point of the model5) Unified model codes6) Reduce number of surfaces in a single model7) Reduce combination of the models8) Rational split of modelsB. Texture mapping rules of 3D buildingsBased on the framework of 3D models, we need to attach these models with proper textures to create a better visualization effect for 3D buildings. The quality of texture mapping has a direct impact on the visual effect of the scene whiling being rendered [5]. Since the graphics card of computer will load all the textures together when rendering a model, texture mapping rules and the quality of the texture mapping can directly influence the efficiency of rendering as well.C. Optimization of models based on constructing rulesBased on constructing rules and the characteristics of 3D building models, theauthors develop a software tool to optimize the 3D building models automatically. The optimizations implemented in the software tool contain the deletion of models’ internal textures, merging adjacent vertices/lines/surfaces, removing un-mapped framework and so on. Besides, the software can enhance the shape of the whole model, texture position and model facticity in the procedure of model optimization.III. SCHEDULING TECHNOLOGY OF LARGE-SCALE 3DBUILDING MODELSFor the 3D visualization of large-scale architectural models, a series of measures could be applied to ensure the efficient rendering of models. Important measures includes the scene organization, vision cone cutting, elimination of textures on the backside of models, Shader optimization, LOD Algorithm, math library optimization, memory allocation optimization, etc..How to display thousands of 3D city buildings’ models in a virtual 3D environment is not trivial. The main problem is the scheduling of models [7]. It determines when and which models to be loaded. This problem can be divided into two smaller problems: Find visible spatial region of models in 3D environment, and optimization method of model rendering efficiency.A. Find visible spatial region of models in 3D environmentAccording to operating mechanism of computers during 3D visualization and the characteristics of large-scale 3D scene, we need to determine the position of current viewpoint first before loading signal models or urban-unit models. Then in response to the regular changes of viewpoint in virtual 3D environment, the system will preload the 3D model data into memory automatically. In this way, frequent IO operations can be reduced and thus overall efficiency of system gets improved. A new algorithm named MLJA (Model Loading Judgment Algorithm) is proposed in this paper in order to find out visible region of models in the 3D environment. The algorithm integrates the graticules and elevation information to determine the current viewpoint of users in the 3D space. And with the movement of viewpoint, the algorithm schedules the loading of model correspondingly and efficiently.B. Optimization method of model rendering efficiencyThe scheduling method of large-scale 3D building models proposed above is an effective way to solve the problem caused the contradiction between large model data volume and limited capacity of computers. According to the algorithm, we can avoid loading the whole large-scale 3D building models at one time for the sake of limited computer memory, and then improve system efficiency in the procedure of model loading and abandoning. Due to the limited capacity of GPU and local video memory, we need a further research on how to display the loaded model data in more efficient manner. In the remaining part of this paper, the authors will continue to introduce several methods on the optimization of model rendering in the vision cone.1) Elimination of textures on the backside of modelsThe backside of the 3D model is invisible to the users. If we omit the texture mapping for the 3D model on the backside, the processing load of graphic card will be reduced as much as at least 50%. Besides, according to an investigation on procedure of actual model rendering, the authors found that on the backside of the 3D model, the invisible texture is rendered in a counter-clockwise manner against the direction of eyesight, while the visible texture mapping is rendered in clockwise manner. So we can omit the rendering of models which is intended to be rendered in counterclockwise manner. Therefore, the textures won’t exist on the back of 3D models. The graphic card could then work more rapidly and efficiently.2) Eliminate the shielded modelBy calculating the geometric relationship between 3D models in the scene, the shielded models can be omitted while displaying the scene with appropriate shielding patches. Through this way, we can effectively reduce the usage of graphics card memory, and thus achieve higher rendering efficiency and faster 3D virtual system.In the virtual 3D geographic information system, we often observe 3D models from a high altitude. It is especially true for large-scale outdoor 3D models. The usual arrangement of 3D building models are always sparse, however the real block is very small. Therefore, establishing an index for visual control, which is similar to the BSP tree, doesn’t amount to much. Through carefully studying DirectX, we found that wecan take advantage of the latest Z-buffering technology of DirectX to implement the shielding control of models.3) Optimization method of the Shader instructionsIn shader 3.0 technology, SM (Shader Model) is a model which can optimize the rendering engine. A 3D scene usually contains several shaders. Among these shaders, some deal with the surfaces and skeletons of buildings, and others deal with the texture of 3D building models.Geometry can be handled quickly by shader batch process. The shader can combine similar culmination in 3D building models, deal with the correlation operation of a single vertex, determine the physical shape of the model, link the point, line, triangle and other polygons for a rapid processing while create new polygons, etc. We can assign the computing task to shader and local video memory directly in a very short time without bothering the CPU. In this case, visual effects of smoke, explosions and other special effects and complex graphics are no longer necessary to be processed by the CPU of computer. Such features of shader can speed up both the CPU and graphic card in processing huge amount of 3D models.4) LOD algorithm of large-scale 3D sceneLOD (Level of Detail) is a common and effective solution to resolve the conflicts between real time visualization and the authenticity of models [8]. By investigating the main features and typical algorithms of LOD technology, the authors proposed a new structure for dynamic multi-level display. This structure not only can be applied to the mesh simplification of models with many different but fixed topologies, but also can be applied to the mesh simplification of models with variable topology. Therefore, the LOD technology can be applied to any grid model. Based on the above concerns, the authors also design a mesh simplification algorithm for variable topology through vertices merge. Via the dual operations of vertex merging and splitting, we can achieve smooth transition across different LOD levels of models, and automatically change the model topology.These above techniques plays important role in 3D scene. It can not only enable a rapid visualization of large-scale scene, but also can provide a high-resolutiondisplay of scene at a local scale with plenty of architectural details.IV. CONCLUDING REMARKSConstructing rules and scheduling technology plays an important role in the application of large-scale 3D buildings. Since people’s demand for 3D expression brings a challenge of high-efficiency and high-quality to virtual 3D environment, the methods proposed in this article give a good try in these aspects. According to the authors’ research and case studies in this paper, integration of constructing rules and scheduling technology is promising in providing powerful tools to solve the conflicts between limited processing capacity of computer and massive data of models. The result of our case study on Peking University indicates that the proposed new method on constructing rules and scheduling technology for large-scale 3D scene is highly feasible and efficient in practice. The proposed methods can not only standardize the procedure of model construction, but also can significantly shorten the time taken in scheduling large-scale 3D buildings. It introduces a new effective way to develop applications for large-scale three-dimensional scene.构建三维建筑模型的规则和调度技术摘要三维模型已成为超越了传统的二维地理空间数据的一种重要的地理数据形式。
三维解析仿真的英语作文
三维解析仿真的英语作文Three-Dimensional Computational Modeling.Three-dimensional (3D) computational modeling is the process of creating a mathematical representation of a three-dimensional object. This representation can be used to simulate the behavior of the object under different conditions. 3D computational modeling is used in a wide variety of fields, including engineering, medicine, and manufacturing.In engineering, 3D computational modeling is used to simulate the behavior of structures and machines. This information can be used to design structures that are safe and efficient. In medicine, 3D computational modeling is used to simulate the behavior of organs and tissues. This information can be used to diagnose diseases and develop new treatments. In manufacturing, 3D computational modeling is used to simulate the behavior of products during the manufacturing process. This information can be used tooptimize the manufacturing process and reduce product defects.There are many different types of 3D computational modeling software available. The type of software used will depend on the specific application. Some of the most popular 3D computational modeling software programs include ANSYS, COMSOL, and Siemens NX.3D computational modeling is a powerful tool that can be used to simulate the behavior of objects in a variety of different fields. This information can be used to design safer and more efficient structures, diagnose and treat diseases, and optimize the manufacturing process.Benefits of 3D Computational Modeling.There are many benefits to using 3D computational modeling. Some of the most notable benefits include:Increased accuracy: 3D computational models are more accurate than traditional 2D models. This is because 3Dmodels can take into account the effects of all three dimensions of space.Reduced time and cost: 3D computational modeling can save time and cost by reducing the need for physical testing. Physical testing can be expensive and time-consuming, and it is not always possible to test all possible scenarios.Improved communication: 3D computational models can be used to communicate complex designs and concepts more easily. This can help to reduce errors and improve collaboration between different teams.Applications of 3D Computational Modeling.3D computational modeling is used in a wide variety of applications, including:Engineering: 3D computational modeling is used to simulate the behavior of structures and machines. This information can be used to design structures that are safeand efficient.Medicine: 3D computational modeling is used to simulate the behavior of organs and tissues. This information can be used to diagnose diseases and develop new treatments.Manufacturing: 3D computational modeling is used to simulate the behavior of products during the manufacturing process. This information can be used to optimize the manufacturing process and reduce product defects.Future of 3D Computational Modeling.The future of 3D computational modeling is bright. As computer hardware and software continue to improve, 3D computational models will become even more accurate and sophisticated. This will open up new possibilities for using 3D computational modeling in a wide variety of applications.One of the most exciting developments in 3Dcomputational modeling is the use of artificialintelligence (AI). AI can be used to automate the process of creating and running 3D computational models. This will make it easier for engineers, scientists, and other professionals to use 3D computational modeling in their work.Another exciting development in 3D computational modeling is the use of virtual reality (VR). VR can be used to create immersive 3D environments that allow users to interact with 3D computational models. This can make it easier to understand complex designs and concepts.3D computational modeling is a powerful tool that is transforming the way we design, build, and heal. As computer hardware and software continue to improve, 3D computational modeling will become even more powerful and versatile. This will open up new possibilities for using 3D computational modeling in a wide variety of applications.。
experiment 和 survey 、case study
experiment 和survey 、case study"Experiment"、"survey" 和"case study" 是研究中常用的三种方法，它们具有不同的特点和用途：1. Experiment：实验是一种受控的研究方法，其中研究者系统地改变一个或多个变量，并观察这些变化对其他变量的影响。
实验通常用于验证因果关系，确定因素之间的因果关系。
在实验中，研究者可以操纵自变量，控制其他可能影响结果的因素，并通过比较不同条件下的结果来得出结论。
例如：一个食品科学家可能进行一项实验，研究不同温度对某种食品口感的影响。
2. Survey：调查是一种通过询问受访者问题来收集数据的研究方法。
调查可以是面对面、通过电话、邮件或在线进行。
调查的目的是了解人们的态度、观点、行为或其他特征。
调查可以用于描述性研究、相关性研究或探索性研究。
例如：一个市场研究公司可能进行一项消费者调查，以了解人们对某个产品的偏好和购买意愿。
3. Case study：案例研究是对一个特定个体、组织或情况进行深入调查和分析的研究方法。
案例研究通常用于深入了解复杂的现象、问题或事件，并提供详细的描述和解释。
通过对特定案例的研究，可以揭示其中的关键因素、因果关系和潜在的解决方案。
例如：一个社会学家可能进行一项关于某个社区的案例研究，以了解其社会结构和文化特征。
这些研究方法各有优缺点，适用于不同的研究问题和情境。
选择合适的研究方法取决于研究的目的、研究问题的性质以及可获得的数据和资源。
在研究中，通常可以结合使用多种方法以获得更全面和可靠的结果。
英语教案三维目标英文模板小学
English Lesson Plan: Three-Dimensional Objectives in ElementarySchoolsIntroductionIn the field of education, lesson planning is an essential component of effective teaching. This English lesson plan aims to incorporate three-dimensional learning objectives in order to enhance the learning experience for elementary school students. By utilizing a three-dimensional approach, students can engage with the material in a more holistic and interactive manner, leading to deeper understanding and retention of the material.Learning Objectives1.Cognitive Dimension: By the end of the lesson, students will be ableto identify and classify common objects in English.2.Affective Dimension: Students will develop an appreciation for theEnglish language through hands-on activities and interactive learning.3.Psychomotor Dimension: Students will demonstrate theirunderstanding of English vocabulary by participating in group activities andgames.Lesson PlanWarm-up Activity•Begin the lesson by showing students a variety of objects and asking them to name them in English.•Encourage students to discuss the objects with their peers and explain their functions.Main Activity•Introduce a selection of new vocabulary words related to objects commonly found in the classroom.•Engage students in a group activity where they must match each object with its corresponding English word.•Provide opportunities for students to practice saying the words aloud to reinforce pronunciation.Group Discussion•Divide students into small groups and ask them to create a story using the vocabulary words they have learned.•Encourage students to be creative and use the objects in their stories in unique ways.Conclusion•Review the new vocabulary words with the students and allow them to ask any questions they may have.•Conclude the lesson by having each group present their stories to the class, highlighting the use of the English vocabulary words.Assessment•To assess student understanding, provide a short quiz at the end of the lesson where students must match objects with their corresponding English words.•Observe student participation and engagement during group activities to gauge their grasp of the material.Extension Activities•Encourage students to create flashcards with the vocabulary words and practice using them at home.•Incorporate the vocabulary words into future lessons and activities to reinforce retention.ConclusionBy implementing a three-dimensional approach to lesson planning, educators can create a more immersive and engaging learning experience for students. This English lesson plan aims to foster a deeper understanding and appreciation of the language through hands-on activities and interactive learning. By focusing on cognitive, affective, and psychomotor dimensions, students can develop a well-rounded skill set in English language acquisition.。
casestudy范文
casestudy范文英文回答：Case Study: Evaluating the Effectiveness of a New Marketing Campaign.Executive Summary.A leading consumer goods manufacturer launched a new marketing campaign to promote its flagship product. The campaign employed a multi-channel approach, including television, print, and digital advertising, as well as social media and influencer marketing. The primary objective of the campaign was to increase brand awareness and drive sales.Methodology.To evaluate the effectiveness of the campaign, a comprehensive data analysis was conducted. Key performanceindicators (KPIs) were identified and tracked, including brand awareness, website traffic, and sales conversion rates. Data was collected from various sources, including Google Analytics, social media platforms, and internal sales records.Results.The campaign was highly successful in achieving its objectives. Brand awareness increased by 20%, website traffic surged by 35%, and sales conversion rates improved by 15%. The campaign also generated significant buzz on social media, with over 1 million impressions and 50,000 shares.Analysis.The positive results of the campaign can be attributed to a combination of factors. The multi-channel approach ensured that the message reached a wide audience. The creative execution was impactful and memorable, resonating with consumers. The use of influencers and social mediamarketing amplified the reach and credibility of the campaign.Recommendations.Based on the findings of the evaluation, several recommendations were made to further enhance the effectiveness of future campaigns. These include:Optimizing creative assets for different channels and platforms.Increasing the frequency and consistency of messaging across channels.Exploring additional channels, such as paid search and email marketing.Continuously monitoring and analyzing campaign performance to identify areas for improvement.Conclusion.The new marketing campaign was a resounding success. It effectively increased brand awareness, drove website traffic, and boosted sales conversion rates. The multi-channel approach, impactful creative execution, and strategic use of social media and influencers were key factors contributing to the positive results.中文回答：案例分析，评估新营销活动的效果性。
3d打印技术英语作文
3d打印技术英语作文Title: The Advancements and Applications of 3D Printing TechnologyIntroduction:3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has revolutionized the way objects are created and manufactured. This technology allows for the creation of three-dimensional objects by adding successive layers of material, enabling unprecedented levels of customization and complexity. In this essay, we will explore the advancements and applications of 3D printing technology.Advancements in 3D Printing Technology:1. Materials: Initially limited to plastics, 3D printing now encompasses a wide range of materials including metals, ceramics, and even biological substances like living cells. This diversification has expanded the potential applications of 3D printing across various industries.2. Speed and Precision: Continuous improvements inprinting speed and precision have made 3D printing more efficient and accurate. High-speed printing and fine resolution enable the production of intricate designs and complex geometries with minimal errors.3. Scalability: With the development of large-scale 3D printers, it is now possible to create objects of significant size, ranging from architectural prototypes to industrial components. This scalability enhances the versatility and applicability of 3D printing technology.Applications of 3D Printing:1. Prototyping and Product Development: 3D printing allows for rapid prototyping and iteration, facilitating the design and development of new products. It enables engineers and designers to quickly test and refine concepts before mass production, reducing time-to-market and costs.2. Manufacturing and Production: In industries such as aerospace, automotive, and healthcare, 3D printing is increasingly used for manufacturing end-use parts and components. Its ability to produce complex shapes andcustomized designs on-demand offers significant advantages over traditional manufacturing methods.3. Healthcare and Biotechnology: 3D printing has revolutionized the healthcare sector by enabling the fabrication of patient-specific implants, prosthetics, and surgical guides. It also plays a vital role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, allowing for the creation of bio-printed organs and tissues for transplantation.4. Education and Research: 3D printing is widely utilized in educational institutions and research laboratories for teaching, experimentation, and innovation. It provides students and researchers with hands-on experience in design and fabrication, fostering creativity and problem-solving skills.Conclusion:In conclusion, 3D printing technology has witnessed remarkable advancements and found diverse applications across various industries. From rapid prototyping to customized manufacturing and healthcare innovations, the potential of 3Dprinting continues to expand, driving innovation and transforming the way we create, design, and manufacture objects. As further advancements are made, 3D printing is poised to revolutionize even more industries and sectors in the future.。
Case Study 案例分析
Praising Japanese in Public Workplaces（在工作场所当众表扬日本人）琼斯先生（美国经理）当众表扬苏琦木拓（日本员工）工作做得很棒，本以为苏琦木拓会高兴的接受，却不料…..Case description:American: Mr. Sugimoto, I have noticed that you are doing an excellent job on the assembly line. I hope that the other workers notice how it should bedone.Japanese: (He is uneasy). Praise is not necessary. I am only doing my job. (He hopes other Japanese workers do not hear.)American: You are the finest, most excellent, dedicated worker we have ever had at the Jones Corporation.Japanese: (He blushed and nods his head several times, and keeps working.)American: Well, are you going to say “thank you,” Mr. S ugimoto, or just remain silent?Japanese: Excuse me, Mr. Jones … May I take leave for five minutes?American: Sure. (He is annoyed and watched Sugimoto exit). I can’t believe how rude some Japanese workers are. They seem to be disturbed by praiseand don’t answer you … just silent.Questions for discussion:1.Why was the conversation between Mr. Jones and Mr. Sugimoto not sopleasant?2.Why did they have such different reactions towards praising in publicworkplaces?3.If you were Mr. Sugimoto, would you accept praise from Mr. Jones in publicworkplaces?4.If you were Mr. Jones, how would you deal with the situation moreappropriately?怎样理解微笑？微笑是友好的表示，理应得到友好的回应理应。
study的用法总结大全
study的用法总结大全study作为动词，其常见用法总结如下：1. study + 主题/课程/学科：表示学习某个主题、课程或学科。
- I'm studying math this semester.- She is studying physics at university.2. study + 人/组织/团体/人群：表示研究或调查某个人、组织、团体或人群的行为、习惯等。
- The researchers studied the effects of climate change on polar bears.- They have been studying the behavior of teenagers in urban areas.3. study + 方式/方法：表示研究或考察某个方式或方法的可行性、效果等。
- The scientists are studying different ways to reduce carbon emissions.- The company studied various marketing strategies before launching their new product.4. study + 条件/现象：表示研究或观察某种条件或现象的原因、机制等。
- The study aims to examine the relationship between sleep and memory.- They conducted a study on the impact of pollution on human health.5. study + 地点/场所：表示在某个地点或场所学习、研究或调查。
- He went to the library to study for his exam.- We visited the archaeological site to study ancient artifacts.6. study + 书籍/文献/资料：表示阅读、研究或分析某些书籍、文献或资料。