2012年冲刺班重点-金陵万国
2012高考文科综合冲刺金卷
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2012造价考试(冲刺)
精选2011年造价员考试真题试题和答案汇总平时多做练习题是巩固知识点的基础,精选2011年造价员考试真题试题和答案汇总紧扣考纲考点,可有效帮助复习备考,希望大家认真做一下。
1.下列不属于工程造价职能的是:( D )。
A.预测职能B.控制职能C.评价职能D.核算职能2.下列不属于工程建设其它费用的是:( D )。
A.工程监理费B.土地使用权出让金C.联合试运转费D.施工单位临时设施费3.以下对工程造价含义的理解,正确的是( B )。
A.工程造价意味着在投资活动中所支付的全部费用形成了固定资产B.工程造价的直意就是工程的建造价格C.投资者与承包商的管理目标总是一致的D.通常把工程造价的第二种含义理解为建设安装工程价格4.工程造价( B )特征是一个逐步深化.逐步细化和逐步接近实际造价的过程。
A.单件性计价B.多次性计价C.方法多样性D.组合性计价5.在进口设备类别中,下列( A )交货类别卖方承担风险较大,在国际贸易中卖方一般不愿采用。
A.卖方在进口国的港口或地交货B.卖方在出口国装运港交货C.卖方在出口国陆的某个地点交货D.以上都不正确6.控制工程造价(更多建筑考试资讯尽在jianzhu.kaoshibaike./)最有效的手段是( C )。
A.精打细算B.强化设计C.技术与经济相结合D.推行招投标7.( C )是工程项目全过程造价管理的核心和提高管理水平.经济效益的关键。
A.价值工程B.招标投标C.合同管理D.可行性研究8.某人预计5年后需一笔10万元资金,现在市场上正在发售期限为5 年的电力建设债券,年利率10%,一年计息两次,则他现在该购买( B )元建设债券,才能保证5年后获得10万元资金。
A.62100B.61390C.66666D.784009.某项目建设期每年年初贷款分别为300万元.400万元和500万元,年利率10%.若在运营期第5年末一次性偿还贷款,则应偿还的本利和为( D )万元。
2012届高考英语考前冲刺精品资料综合强化系列(九).pdf
哈市第41中学七年级历史教师导案 课题 课型综合课第 课时备课人pm备课时间 年 月 日上课时间 年 月 日教 学目 标知识与 能力1了解孙中山的主要革命活动,掌握制作大事年表的基本技能。
2了解武昌起义和中华民国成立的精况,评价辛亥革命的历史意义过程与 方法1制作大事年表,了解孙中山进行的主要革命活动。
2巧设历史情境,激发学生的学习兴趣。
3查找有关材料,了解辛亥革命历史功绩,探讨辛亥革命历史意义,培养分析问题和知识迁移能力情感态度价值观通过了解孙中山的主要革命活动和辛亥革命的历史意义,学习一代伟人“吾志所向,一往无前,愈挫愈奋,再接再厉”的革命精神;继承他“唤起民众”“振兴中华”的伟业,使自己具有胸怀祖国、为实现中华民族全面振兴而奋斗的历史责任感和使命感。
教学重点辛亥革命教学难点如何探讨辛亥革命的历史意义。
辛亥革命的历史意义深远,如何通过史实总结出来,这需要运用分析归纳能力和知识迁移能力,而这些能力对中学生来说是比较困难的。
教 学 流 程时间 导 入①掀起维新变法运动序幕的是哪一事件?领导者是谁?②谁在宣传维新运动的过程中起到重要作用?他的译著是?③宣布实行变法的清朝皇帝是?④戊戌变法为什么会失败?导入:孙中山是20世纪中国走在时代前列的第一个伟人,在他的领导下,革命党愈挫愈奋、一次又一次的武装起义,最终推动了武昌起义的爆发,这些武装起义基本上是革命党人在同盟会的纲领和旗帜下进行的,也正是由于武昌起义的成功,中华民国才得以于1912年元旦成立。
讲 授 新 课 一、孙中山早期的革命活动: 1、同盟会创立背景——创立兴中会: 首先,让学生利用课前查找的资料简单介绍一下孙中山,从而对他有一个最初的认识。
孙中山,伟大的民主主义革命先行者、资产阶级革命家。
字逸仙,广东香山(今中山)人,学医。
一生致力于资产阶级革命,先后创立兴中会、同盟会;领导发动革命起义;出任中华民国临时大总统;改组国民党;领导了“二次革命”、护法运动等 然后,讲述孙中山创立“兴中会”的过程、口号,并强调“兴中会”是中国第一个资产阶级革命团体。
2012年万国真题解析班行政法-季宏讲义
行政法授课提纲(季宏编写、主讲)第一部分出题宏观规律一、面面俱到、重者恒重分值行政复议法及其实施条例 4行政诉讼法及其司法解释9.25加9.625国家赔偿法及其司法解释3加8.25行政处罚法(含治安管理处罚法) 3.5加1.375行政许可法4加2.75 国务院及地方各级人民政府行政机构设置和编制管理条例 3公务员法及行政机关公务员处分条例 1行政法规及规章制定程序条例 2政府信息公开条例 2.75行政强制 1.25行政行为理论 1.25行政法基本原则 5 注:卷四第6题,行政法案例分析题,22分,共8问。
[常考点:期限]【真题1】质监局发现王某生产的饼干涉嫌违法使用添加剂,遂将饼干先行登记保存,期限为1个月。
有关质监局的先行登记保存行为,下列哪一说法是正确的?(2011年卷二44题,单选)A.系对王某的权利义务不产生实质影响的行为B.可以由2名执法人员在现场直接作出C.采取该行为的前提是证据可能灭失或以后难以取得D.登记保存的期限合法【相关法条】《行政处罚法》第三十七条第二款行政机关在收集证据时,可以采取抽样取证的方法;在证据可能灭失或者以后难以取得的情况下,经行政机关负责人批准,可以先行登记保存,并应当在七日内及时作出处理决定,在此期间,当事人或者有关人员不得销毁或者转移证据。
【真题2】某国土资源局以陈某违反《土地管理法》为由,向陈某送达决定书,责令其在10日内拆除擅自在集体土地上建造的房屋3间,恢复土地原状。
陈某未履行决定。
下列哪一说法是错误的?(2011年卷二48题,单选)A.国土资源局的决定书应载明,不服该决定申请行政复议或提起行政诉讼的途径和期限B.国土资源局的决定为负担性具体行政行为C.因《土地管理法》对起诉期限有特别规定,陈某对决定不服提起诉讼的,应依该期限规定D.如陈某不履行决定又未在法定期限内申请复议或起诉的,国土资源局可以自行拆除陈某所建房屋[与他法结合考查]【相关法条】《行政处罚法》第三十九条第一款行政机关依照本法第三十八条的规定给予行政处罚,应当制作行政处罚决定书。
江苏2012届高三政治复习冲刺系列02
江苏省2012届高三政治复习冲刺系列02————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:江苏省2012届高三政治复习冲刺系列2十一届全国人大三次会议高票通过选举法修正案,明确取消城乡差别,一步到位实行城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表。
选举法修正案规定:全国人大代表名额,由全国人大常委会根据各省、自治区、直辖市的人口数,按照每一代表所代表的城乡人口数相同的原则,以及保证各地区、各民族、各方面都有适当数量代表的要求进行分配。
选举法修正案的通过,标志着在公民选举权方面,“4农民=1城里人”的选举比例已成历史,农民的代表权得到提升。
中国民主建设开启“同票同权”时代。
1.我国是人民民主专政的社会主义国家,人民是国家的主人,人民民主专政的一大特点是对占全国人口绝大多数的人实行民主。
选举法修正案规定城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表,体现了我国的国家性质,切实保障了人民的民主权利。
2.人民民主专政的本质是人民当家作主。
在我国,人民民主具有广泛性,表现在民主权利和民主主体的广泛性上;人民民主还具有真实性,表现在人民当家作主的权利有制度、法律和物质的保障,而且随着经济的发展和社会的进步,广大人民的权益得到日益充分的实现,还包括国家尊重和保障人权。
我国城乡人大代表选举实行“同票同权”,充分体现了人民民主的特点。
【创新训练】1.选举法修正案明确取消城乡差别,一步到位实行城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表。
这反映了民主的重要特征是( )A.少数服从多数的原则B.平等原则C.法治原则D.差额原则【答案】B2.选举法修正案明确规定:实行城乡按相同人口比例选举代表,保障公民都享有平等的选举权。
中国“同票同权”时代的到来说明( )A.社会主义人民民主专政的本质是公民当家作主B.在我国,人民的生存权得到切实的保障C.我国人民的民主权利具有广泛性和真实性D.人民的民主权利有了完善的制度保障【答案】C3.2011年投资理财市场可谓冰火两重天:一边是银行理财产品的火爆;一边是股市楼市的跌跌不休。
管理-金陵万国重点
2011年一级建造师考试重点与考点P代表页码P1 1Z201010 第一段:项目的实施阶段包括。
保修期本页最后一句:该定义的有关字段的含义如下:1.3. (其中,招投标想为干扰项)P2 项目管理的几种类型 1.2.3.4.重点看括号内容5 (注意总承包方得管理不属于业主方)P4 本页第一段最后一句:“工程项目管理是建设工程管理中的一个。
全寿命期”第二段:;建设工程管理工作是一种。
使用增值最后一行:进度目标指的是。
旅馆可以开业的时间目标等。
P11 最后一段项目的投资目标是考点P13 (二)(2)将项目决策。
即成为项目全寿命管理P14 合同的要求中2.4. 重点看一下(交钥匙工程也是项目全过程)P16 1Z201020 上方最后一段“因此,施工方的项目管理不能认为。
施工方项目管理的范畴。
”建设工程项目与一般的系统相比明显的特征1.3P17 二、最后一段:控制项目目标的主要措施。
P18 本页第一、二段;第三段第一句“工作流程。
动态关系”组织工具用图或表等形式表示各种组织关系1.2.3.4.5.P20 最后一段综上所述,项目节后分解并没有统一的模式。
1.2.3.4.5P22 本页第二段最后一句:“项目结构图和项目结构的编码是编制上述其他编码的基础”P23 表1A201022 各图表达的含义P24 (一)职能组织结构的特点及应用第一段P25 线性组织结构的特点及其应用①军事组织系统;②只有唯一的指令源;③不适合用于大的组织系统矩阵组织节后的特点及其应用①较新型的组织结构模式;②纵向和横向两种;③矩阵组织结构适用于大的组织系统;④指令源为两个。
P26 图1Z201022-7P27 最后一段第一句“为了编制项目管理任务分工表。
进行详细分解”P31 本页图下面以下以一个示例来解释管理职能的含义:。
1.2.3.4.5.(考排序或者例子)P33 表1Z201024-4P34 表下的各字母的含义尤其注意:D-决策(业主方是决策者)工作流程组织包括:1.3.P38 第一段最后一行“只在为项目建设的决策和实施增值”第二段“其实质是知识管理的过程”建设工程项目决策阶段策划的主要任务。
2012一级建造师实务建筑工程冲刺讲义
2012年度专业管理与实务(建筑工程)冲刺讲义重点、重点、重点一、教材、考试大纲、考试时间、考试题型及应试技巧教材仍采用2011年版(第二版)、只是教材中的光盘内容有些微,考试大纲未变。
本科目的考试时间为4小时,题型采用客观题和主观题(案例分析题)的形式,共45题。
其中单项选择题20题,每题1分,合计20分;多项选择题10题,每题2分,合计20分;案例分析题5题,其中 20分题3道,30分题2道,合计120分;试卷总分160分,及格分数线为96分。
考生在考试时要注意:单项选择题(四选一)是否有把握都要答,而多项选择题(五选二至四)要慎重,确有把握的才可以选择,因为如选对一个可得0.5分,但如其中有一个选错则本题不得分。
案例分析题要准确、简洁,不要空着。
三、冲刺班特点冲刺班将在紧扣考试大纲兼顾教材全面内容的基础上,指出教材中的重点并解析难点,同时预测2009年可能的出题点。
冲刺班要求学员有全面学习教材的基础,授课中首先围绕第二章的五大综合案例,讲解知识点和解题思路,其次对第一章和第三章中的重点、难点进行解析,在每讲同步训练的习题选题上尽量从难、从细,分析出2009年可能的出题点与题型,以供考生在学习教材的基础上进行针对性的模拟练习,提高应试能力。
典型题型一基于普通双代号网络计划的索赔问题【考点内容】重点掌握普通双代号网络图中关键线路的判定、时间参数的计算、工期费用的调整。
提示:1. 考生一定要熟练掌握双代号网络计划中关键线路的确定、计划工期的计算、总时差的概念、计算、应用以及与索赔问题的结合。
2.初步学习步骤为:(结合教材P175案例)网络的组成;网络的逻辑关系;网络的绘制规则;关键线路的判定;计划工期的确定;总时差的概念及应用;与索赔问题的结合。
典型考题解析背景:某建筑工程,建筑面积3.8万m2,地下一层,地上十六层。
施工单位(以下简称“乙方”)与建设单位(以下简称“甲方”)签订了施工总承包合同,合同期600天。
【考前30天绝密资料】2012年高考历史考前30天三轮专题提分必练绝密之一(大纲专用)
班级____________姓名____________专题限时集训(一)[专题一中国古代的政治文明](时间:45分钟)一、选择题1.据史书记载:“唐兴,初未暇于四夷,自太宗平突厥,西北诸蕃及蛮夷稍稍内属,即其部落列置州县。
其大者为都督府,以其首领为都督、刺史,皆得世袭。
”下列唐太宗采取的措施与之相符的是()A.设北庭都护府B.设瀚海都督府C.设忽汗州都督府D.封皮罗阁为云南王2.秦朝时期,北京地区的最高长官是()A.燕王B.广阳郡守C.幽州牧D.范阳节度使3.春秋时期,齐桓公召集天下诸侯,头戴醒目的冕旒,享九鼎之食,行天子“宾礼”规格。
据此判断,齐桓公破坏的是()A.禅让制B.宗法制C.礼乐制D.分封制4.“元起朔方,固已崇尚释教(佛教)。
及得西域,世祖以其地广而险远……思有以因其俗而柔其人,乃郡县土番之地,设官分职,而领之于帝师。
”这里的“官”隶属于() A.宣政院B.中书省C.理藩院D.行中书省5.唐玄宗时礼部尚书沈既济评价某制度说:“前代选用,皆州郡察举……至于齐隋,不胜其弊……是以罢州府之权而归于吏部……自隋罢外选,招天下之人聚于京师,春还秋往,乌聚云合。
”他评价的是()A.察举制B.三省六部制C.郡县制D.科举制6.《资治通鉴》中说武则天:“虽滥以禄位收天下人心,然不称职者,寻亦黜之,或加刑诛。
挟刑赏之柄以驾御天下,政由己出,明察善断,故当世英贤亦竞为之用。
”对这段评论理解正确的是()A.抨击武则天重用酷吏,滥杀无辜B.赞扬武则天善用人才C.抨击武则天时期官员过于泛滥D.赞扬武则天革新政治2012二轮精品提分必练2012二轮精品提分必练A.郡国并行制、行省制B.分封制、郡县制C.郡县制、行省制D.分封制、行省制8.唐朝以前,宰相权力很大,唐朝的三省六部制分散了相权,明朝废除丞相。
对这一现象解释正确的是()A.相权对皇权形成了有效制约B.中央对地方的控制不断加强C.导致地方割据势力逐渐增强D.专制君主的权力越来越强化9.春秋战国时期改革变法风起云涌,管仲、商鞅、吴起等改革者的变法是其中的代表。
2012年一级建造师建筑工程管理与实务考试冲刺(新)(1)
21
关键线路的判定、工期费用的调整
(1)关键线路的判定方法: 关键工作: 总时差最小的工作 关键线路:
1)自始自终全由关键工作组成的线路 2)工期最长的线路 (2)工期费用的调整原则: 调整关键线路上、存在可调整时间、费用最小的工作
22
某施工单位编制的某工程网络图,如图所示,括号内数字为估计费用 (万元)。 问题: 1. 确定网络进度计划原始方案的关键路线和计算工期。 2. 若施工合同规定:工程工期93天,工期每提前一天奖励施工单位3万元,
建筑工程管理与实务
2012年一级建造师考试冲刺
1
考试时间与题型及应试技巧
考试时间:2012年9月23日
单选题:(四选一)
下午2点-6点, 题型:客观题和案例分析题。
题 型 题量 分值
单选题
20 20
多选题
10 20
案例分析题 5 120
总计
35 160
是否有把握都必须要答 多选题:(五选二至四) 要慎重,有把握的才可以选。 案例分析题: 回答要准确,简洁,不要空 尽量使用教材中的语言进行表述 计算题要有计算步骤
5
I 4(10)
7
J 32(64)
8
F
6
40(120)
问题2 计算综合费用 按网络进度计划原始方案实施时的工程费用: 18+40+25+15+40+120+16+37+10+64+16=401(万元) 延期罚款:5×(98-93)=25(万元) 综合费用为:401+25=426(万元)
路的判定,工期费用的调整。
18
【例1】
江苏省某重点中学2012届高三最后冲刺热身卷 历史
历史 2012.5.24本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共120分;考试用时100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共60分)一、选择题:本大题共20小题,每小题3分,合计60分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
1.历史学家指出:西周王朝虽然显示出一定的统一性、集权性,但国家结构上的分散性、松散性仍是最本质的特点。
确切地说,造成上述“分散性、松散性"的原因是A.贵族拥有世袭特权B.贵族兼并土地愈演愈烈C.分封制不利于国家长治久安D。
小农经济具有分散性特点2.苏洵在《田制》中指出:“耕者之田资于富民……而田之所入,己(富民)得其半,耕者得其半。
”这反映的是A.自耕农式经营B.雇工式经营C。
田庄式经营D。
租佃式经营3.著名学者余英时曾指出:“如果一定要在中国思想流派中找出一家与西方科学精神最相近的,我个人认为只有程朱一系的理学足以当之.”此说的依据是程朱理学主张A。
格物致知B。
先理后气 C.存天理,灭人欲D。
理气同源4.敦煌莫高窟作为艺术的宝库,不同时代的艺术风尚在这里汇集成斑斓景观。
敦煌壁画是我国古代宝贵的艺术遗产,下面三幅敦煌壁画反映了该艺术在不同时期的变化.这种变化说明了魏晋壁画隋唐壁画宋朝壁画A。
佛教思想的中国化B。
艺术内容的时代性C。
艺术形式的多样化D。
中外艺术的交融性5.《金陵十三钗》是2011年张艺谋执导,根据严歌苓同名小说改编的战争史诗电影.它讲述的是1937年的南京,一座教堂里一个为救人而冒充神父的美国人、一群躲在教堂里的女学生、14个躲避战火的风尘女子及六个殊死抵抗的军人和伤兵,共同面对日军大屠杀的故事.下列对当时抗战形势的叙述正确的是A。
国共两党开始由对峙走向合作 B.抗日民族统一战线已正式形成C.日军占领南京,抗战进入相持阶段D。
国民党在正面战场消极抗战6.鸦片战争后,中国进入了旷日持久而又十分复杂的价值观念的变革,知识分子在其中起了十分重要的作用。
【考前30天提分秘籍】2012年高考历史考前30天三轮专题提分必练绝密之十二(新课标专用)
班级____________姓名____________2012年高考考前30天三轮专题提分必练绝密之专题(十六)[专题十六中国特色的社会主义建设道路](时间:45分钟)一、选择题1.右图反映的是中国城镇人口数的变化情况。
其中,导致从A到B变化的主要原因是()2012二轮精品提分必练A.“一五”计划的展开B.“大跃进”的影响C.“文化大革命”的影响D.家庭联产承包责任制的推行2.下面是建国初期农民货币收入和消费品购买力统计表。
表中数据变化的主要原因是()A.C.“一五”计划的实施D.社会主义制度的确立3.1953年毛泽东批示:“中国现在的资本主义经济……已经不是普通的资本主义经济,而是一种特殊的资本主义经济,即新式的国家资本主义经济。
”其“特殊”“新式”的原因是()A.确立社会主义的市场经济体制B.确立高度集中的计划经济体制C.是在公有制领导下的私营经济D.实行全行业的公私合营4.1957年7月31日,《浙南大众报》发文说:“‘包产到户’现在虽然已在许多地方被丢进了垃圾桶,但也还有一部分干部和农民眼睛未亮,‘抱着狐狸精当美女’,恋恋不舍。
”上述材料说明()A.文章作者极力推动“人民公社化运动”B.当时在农业生产经营方式上存在意见分歧C.“包产到户”不符合当时经济发展要求D.农业合作化运动符合生产力发展要求5.商业广告是促销的重要手段。
据史料记载:中国现代意义上的广告起始于鸦片战争后,民国初年得到显著的发展,1953年后消失,1978年末又重新出现。
材料中广告业消失的最主要原因是()A.经济困难,物资匮乏B.企业热衷产品直销C.三大改造,政府取缔D.国家实行计划经济6.下图是一张股票,发行这张股票有利于()2012二轮精品提分必练A.建立社会主义市场经济体制B.建立社会主义计划经济体制C.建立有计划的商品经济体制D.对农业进行社会主义改造7.阅读1957—1961年我国农村经济发展状况(单位:万吨)。
2012年高考考前过关冲刺训练题
2012年高考考前过关冲刺训练题一、基础知识过关篇1: 常见词类转换过关卡Card 1 动词+tion(sion)=名词(有e去e)Card 2 动词+ment=名词(基本不去e)Card 3 动词+er(or或ist, ian等)=人(物)Card 5 动词(名词)+able(tive, ing)=形容词Card 6 去e及不去e词根Card 7 名词(动词)+ous(al, ful, cial, cal, ic等)=形容词/名词Card 8 形容词(名词)+en=动词名词+ly=形容词Card 9 名词+y(ern)=形容词形容词+ness(y)=名词Card 10 常错特殊动词变化Card 11 特殊变化2:不规则动词过关检测 (基础篇)不规则动词表背诵(初级)3:不规则动词过关检测(高级)4. 易混介词副词检测过关Card 1: 介词+ sb/sth 介词___sb__sthCard 2 动词+sb+介词+sth 介词+sbCard 3 介词+名词=副词Card 4. 动词+sth _to/for_sb.Card 5 介词+sth/sb介词+sthCard6 be+of+名词=adj 介词短语Card 7 动词+介词介词短语Card 7 动词+介词介词短语(续)5: 构词法练习(1)(易)1.I wrote him a letter to show my _____( appreciate )of his thoughtfulness.2.The first tomb was built at the _____(begin) of the 15th century.3.Painting is a ______(create) process.4.For our homework tonight, we have to write a _____( describe) of the street where we live.5.The _____ (discover) of gold on their land made the people rapidly rich.6.I‘d just like to ____(emphasis) how important it is for people to learn foreign languages.7.My grandfather is as __(energy) as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing at all.8.The first lesson was very ____(enjoy)----I liked it a lot!9.These discoveries proved the ______(exist)of a human species who lived in the area between 700,000 and 200,000 years ago.10. A smile is the universal _____(face) expression---it is intended to put people at ease.11. Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being _____(fashion).12. The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will _____(hope) have been solved bythe end of next week.13. The accused man proved his _____(innocent)of the crime.14. The government‘s new scheme is designed to help the ____(job).15. The days start to ______(long) in March.16. __________(Luck), Peter didn‘t get the job.17. The old man had no child so he suffered a lot from _________(lonely)18. Stop your ______________(mean) chatter, boys. You are wasting time.19. How lucky he was! He won the lottery(彩票) and now he is a __________(million).20. They had the ___________(fortune) to be hit by a violent storm.21. He lives in a __________ (mountain) district,where traffic is extremely inconvenient.22. I am so full that I couldn‘t eat anothe r ____________(mouth).23. We must pay special attention to the ___________(mystery) stranger.24. Try to act ____________(nature) , even if you are tense.25. Public spending ___________(necessary) affects the economy.26. After the race, I felt my heart beating ___________(violence).27. The baby was sleeping __________(peace).28. He showed us ___________(person) around the factory.29. It gives me great _________(please) to welcome our speaker.30. _________(Polite) costs nothing and gains everything.31. The ____________(popular) of professional sports has been increasing steadily.32. You‘ll have a ____________(profession) photographer with you to take photographs.33. She has the right ____________(qualify) for the job.34. Large ___________(quantity) of fish have been caught.35. We shouldn‘t have __________(race) discrimination.36. The price of this dress is ____________(reason). I can‘t afford it.37. Easter is an important __________(region) and social festival in Christian countries.38. It goes without ________(say) that the proposal will be accepted.39. I left eleven years later, with my school leaving certificate, and a _(scholar) to study at Oxford.40. During _________(science) experiments, she explains exactly what is happening and as aresult my work is improving.41. There is no __________(similar) between Tom and me.42. His bad behavior cost his mother many __________(sleep) nights.43. Anger left him __________(speech).44. It was a race against time to stop people dying from ___________ (starve).45. Difficulties __________(strong) the mind, as labor does the body.46. A positive outlook is vital to dealing _________(success) with the crisis in adolescence andold age in our life.47. It is a colorless, odorless and ________ (taste) gas, slightly heavier than air.48. He knew he had behaved badly and he seemed ________ (true) sorry.49. This wounded soldier was ___________ (conscious) from his loss of blood50. It's_________ (believe)that the event repeated itself years later in the same place.51. Overpopulation is a ________(universe) problem.52. More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great ___(vary) of goods.53. The _______(arrive)of migrant workers into the capital had seen Beijing‘s population reach17.4 million.54..Besides, many newspapers are printed daily and can offer the readers__(rely)information.55. Girls make up only a small_____(percent) of students in computer science classes.56. I live in Hollywood. You may think people in such an________(attract), fun-filled place arehappier than others. Maybe that is because y ou haven‘t noticed the _________(happy)they‘ve concealed from you.57. Ma also accepted a pair of pandas from China. In 2006, Taipei Zoo applied (申请) to host thepandas, Tuantuan and Yuanyuan, from the mainland. But the Taiwan government didn't allow their____________(apply).58. Firstly, it _________(able)the Chinese people to know more about the outside world andpromote ___________(friend)and mutual understanding.59. Loss and ___(separate)are often what you find behind a child acting out in school.60. By saving money, people give themselves more__________(secure).61. Star sapphires and other ___________(value) jewels worth a total of one million dollars are onshow behind glass.62. .If time could be turned back, allow me to take you back to December 26, 2004. ___________(tradition), it is a time for family gathering, a time for ___________(celebrate).63. Because of the __________(popular) of TV and computers, they are getting much lessexercise than before.64. ―I would have no _________(object),‖ said the wolf, ―if I could only get a place.‖ 65. Somepeople have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading ________(able).65.An ounce of luck is better than a pound of__________(wise).66. Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging ___________(behave)of 30 dogs, catchingtheir responses to a range of stimuli(刺激物) with video cameras.67. Another_______________(convenience) feature of the EoL is that you‘ll be able to pick thelevel of detail you want to see to match your interests, age, and knowledge.68. Health problems are ________(close)connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.69. You may _______(like)some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice.70. What is more, it is true that computers can make________(decide), but they need detailedinstructions and programs prepared by humans to operate.71. Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused on race, ________(equal)and social justice,the themes of the book.72. As I lined up for the start I glanced at the flag. It moved ______(gentle)now.73. Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading ability (能力).They feel ________(hope)about it.74. An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life ismore_________(harmony) than it has ever been in the past.75. The____________(inform)gained helped up in determining where special attention should bepaid in our course.76. In the following account, she recalls the job that challenged her ___________(imagine))andskill but left her flying high.77. A thousand words will not leave so deep an ___________(impress)as one deed.78. And I included only those books over a hundred pages in_________(long).79. Keep your eyes wide open before____________(marry), and half shut afterwards.80. Reading comprehension can‘t be ____(dependent)from the knowledge of writing.81. ______________(music)often called him Pops, as a sign of respect for his influence (影响) onthe world of music.82. The northern city of Turin passed a law in April to give pet ________(own)fines of up to$598 if they do not walk their dogs three times a day.83. So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species(物种),and that‘s just a smallnumber of what ___________(probable)exists on Earth.84. Men can do nothing without its____________(permit), and it fastens its young round people'swrists so that everywhere men go they are still under its control.85. The best __________(prepare)for good work tomorrow is to do good work today.86. He answered me ____________(rude)and said he would not come back.87. As his university was aware of the _________(significant)of his work, they gave him free timeto do this research.88. Cuzco is a lively city where both Indian and __(Spain)culture and art can be seen.89. The best time to visit NZ is from November to April---summer time in the________(south)hemisphere.90. Jo went to New York and became __________(succeed)in her writing and had the____________(satisfy)of seeing her work published there.91. _________(like)other camp programs that include horses as a small part of their program, atShadow Ridge horses ARE the program!92. The smell is, as usual, almost_________(bear), being a mixture of sweat, seal oil fat, and dirty underwear.构词法练习1(易)自查答案:1. appreciation2. beginning3. creative4. description5.discovery6. emphasize7. energetic8. enjoyable9. existence 10. facial 11. fashionable 12. hopefully 13. innocence 14. jobless 15. lengthen 16. unluckily 17. loneliness 18. meaningless 19. millionaire 20. misfortune 21. mountainous 22. mouthful 23. mysterious 24. naturally 25. necessarily 26. violently 27. peacefully 28. personally 29. pleasure 30. Politeness 31. popularity 32. professional 33. qualification 34. quantities 35. racial 36. unreasonable 37. religious38. saying 39. scholarship 40. scientific 41. similarity 42. sleepless 43. speechless 44. starvation 45. strengthen 46. successfully 47. tasteless 48. truly 49. unconscious 50. unbelievable 51. universal 52. variety 53. arrival 54. reliable 55. percentage 56. attractive / happiness 57. applications 58. enables /friendship 59. separation60. security 61. valuable 62.Traditionally / celebrations 63. popularity 64. objection / ability 65. wisdom 66. behaviour 67. convenient 68.closely 69.dislike 70.decisions71.equality72. gently 73. hopeless 74.harmonious rmation 76.imagination 77. impression 78. length 79. marriage 80. independent 81.Musicians 82.owners 83. probably 84.permission 85.preparation 86.rudely 87.significance 88.Spanish 89.southern 90.successful 91.Unlike 92.unbearable(2)(中)1. Her preparation course is helping her to get used to ___________(academy) requirements of a Western university.2. A fireman _____________(accident) discovered the cause of the fire.3. It cost _____________(approximate) $300---I can‘t remember exactly.4. _______( beg) can‘t be choosers.5. Other disabled people find the website _________(benefit) because they can read about people with similar difficulties to their own.6. She glanced __________(casual) through a magazine as she waited.7. The two of them are in a ___________(compare) financial situation.8. He quit playing ___________(compete) football at the age of 24.9. Man‘s social bei ng determines his _____________(conscious)10. The café has a relaxed ____________(continent) feel about it.11. She has played a ___________(decide) role in the peace negotiation.12. The man standing there is a ___________(distinguish) novelist and philosopher.13. It is a ________(drama) story about an invasion of the Earth by aliens from Mars.14. The teachers are very __________(enthusiasm) and friendly and the classrooms are amazing.15. Building a new factory there would be ______________(environment) disastrous.16. Yesterday we held a ceremony to welcome the __(honor) soldiers who just came back fromWenchuan.17. To say you were ______(ignore) of the rules is no excuse.18. Tourists shouldn‘t miss the 103 bus whi ch offers one of the most _______(impress) routes.19. His hesitation indicates __________(will).20. You should _________(loose) up your muscles before playing any sport.21. This will help us achieve ______________(modern).22. Some groups,____(name) students and pensioners (退休人员), will benefit from the new tax..23. Women increasingly went out to work, usually out of economic ________(necessary).24. There is no __________(know) what this lunatic(疯子) will do next.25. He breathed _________(noise) through his nose.26. He can be very ____________(persuade).27. The day before yesterday Professor Li made a speech __________(plenty) of humor.28. Our income has got smaller, so we must be __________(reality) and sell our car.29. The young woman is a ___________(reception) in a five-star hotel of international standard.30. Self-praise is no ____________(recommend).31. The British criticized the dictionary, but it quickly became a standard __________(refer) bookin the States.32. She made a ________(refuse) of his invitation, which upset him.33. So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, _______(regard) of the cold.34. School __________(regulate) were strict.35. The coffee-maker has two ___________(remove) parts.36. We h aven‘t told our friends about our ________(remove) to London.37. They delight small children because they have strong rhythm and rhyme and have a lot of__________(repeat).38. I have decided to retire and hand over the heavy load of _________(responsible) to you three.39. He was a great ____________(revolution)40. Before you cash that cheque, make sure it has the correct __________(sign).41. If I had a bicycle made of ________(stain) steel, it will never get rust.42. Would you tell how to __________(sum) a news report orally?43. _____________(Surprise), none of us agreed to the proposal.44. Loss and ___(separate)are often what you find behind a child acting out in school. 52. Thegovernment is determined to combat international _________(terror).45. _________(Thank), he escaped with only minor injuries.46. In the winter the total absence of sunlight can be __________(tire),and for some, depressing.47. We shall all remember Mr Page for the kindly encouragement he gave us when we went so____________(will) to school.48. College graduation brings both the_________(satisfy)of academic achievement andthe______________(expect) of a well-paying job.49. The only _____________(explain)for her behavior is that he is mad.50. After his victory on March 22, Ma talked about his plans to ________(build)economic andsecurity ties with the mainland.51. We can use the TPR method to teach the vocabulary and grammatical items of English anddevelop comprehension __________(fluent) in children.52.Annan will be remembered for his effective management and personal diplomacy, andhis____________(warm) and charm.53. For example, people in Western countries usually kiss each other to show their greetings,whereas in China, kissing in public is something _________(usual)and sometimes is regarded as _________(polite)to somebody else.54. It was hard to coordinate our steps---his hesitant, mine ________(patient)---and because ofthat, we didn‘t talk much as we went along.55. When I was growing up, I was ___________(embarrass) to be seen with my father. He was___________(severe)disabled and very short, and when we walked together, with his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare. I would feel ____________(comfortable) at the unwanted attention.56. As for me, perhaps I remind her of herself when she was younger. She might have joined inthis very __________(compete) if it had been available in her days.57. Today, we‘ll discuss a number of cases where ___________(begin)of English fail to use thelanguage properly.58. One of the first things the common man wants to know about is the part_______________plays in a composer' s work.(inspire)59. After doing a little research, I found this type of technology already available to consumers viaa relatively __________(expensive)application called FaceCode.60. If there were no bad people, there would be no good__________(law).61. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, but their education thatcauses________________________(understand).62. Many generat ions of my people have lived here and we‘ve always been kind and___________(mercy)to whoever landed on our shores.63. Tyler became well-known _____________(nation)in 1938. when he carried his work with theEight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robed Hutchins.64. It is a very effective way to learn the language and improve your ___________ (pronounce)and intonation.65. Liang Yu read the paper carefully. This time it concentrated on her__________ (prefer) andabilities.66. Robert J. Sternberg is a creativity_____(special) and Yale professor of psychology.67. Better a _________(glory) death than a shameful life.构词法练习2(中)自查答案:1 academic 2. accidentally 3. approximately 4. Beggars 5. beneficial 6. casually 7. comparable 8. competitive 9. consciousness 10. continental 11. decisive 12. distinguished 13. dramatic 14. enthusiastic 15. environmentally16. honorable 17. ignorant 18. impressive 19. unwillingness 20. loosen 21. modernization 22. namely 23. necessity 24. knowing 25. noisily 26. persuasive 27. plentiful 28. realistic 29. receptionist 30. recommendation 31. reference 32. refusal 33. regardless34.regulations35. removable36. removal 37. repetition 38. responsibility 39. revolutionary 40. signature 41. stainless42. summarize 43. Surprisingly 44. terrorism 45. Thankfully 46. tiresome 47. unwillingly 48. satisfaction/ expectation 49. explanation 50. rebuild 51. fluency 52. warmth53. unusual/ impolite 54. impatient 55. embarrassed/ severely/ uncomfortable56. competition 57.beginners 58. inspiration 59. inexpensive 60. lawyers 61. misunderstanding 62. merciful 63. nationally 64. pronunciation 65. preferences 66. specialist(3)(难)1.These flowers are a small ______________(acknowledge) of your kindness.2.He complained of ____________(breath) and pains in his arms.3._____________(catastrophe) floods have devastated the region.4.Eighty dollars was ____________(consider) more than he expected to pay.5.The ___________ (criterion) are so strict that it is difficult for new ideas to be accepted unless they are truly novel.6.Everyone was interested in the _________(edit) written by the chief editor.7. They are ________________(phenomenon) among musicians.8. Many people are ___________(picnic) on the river bank.9. With economic expansion comes the promise of a more ___________(prosperity)future.10. I support this measure without __________(reserve).11.. We haven‘t yet rece ive his __________(resign).12. My new apartment is _______(room) and cozy, and it costs me quite some bucks.13. His first book, The Elementary Spelling Book, suggested ___________(simple) the spelling ofEnglish words.14. I prefer a ________ (stone) beach to a sandy one.15. The headmaster has made a decision of ___________(suspend) of a pupil from school.16. His illness grew out of his __________ (tend) to overwork.17. This book is too ___________ (theory); I need a practical one.18. I kept holding my son, the way I used to when he was two and came into our bed after a_________(scare)dream.19. But the thing is, even though I am going to become a teacher I have a horrible fear ofgiving______________________(present).20. They‘re always my safeguard s (保镖). They‘re more experienced in dealing with __________(expect) problems during registration days.21. He knew that his success was almost entirely due to his assistant‘s ______(system) hard work.构词法练习3(难)自查答案:1. acknowledgement2.breathlessness3.Catastrophic4.considerably5. criteria6.editorial7.phenomena8.picnicking 9.prosperous10.reservation 11. resignation 12. roomy 13.simplifying 14 stony 15. suspension 16. tendency 17.theoretical 18.scary 19.presentations 20. unexpected 21.systematic6:常拼错词汇练习一、名词(特别注意名词复数)1.. I learned an important lesson when I had the ____机会to see the same show for a second time.2 .Of the six students, who were chosen, four are from Shenzhen__________大学.3. In all, fully 85_________百分比of the young people said they felt stress at least sometimes.4. Wealthy parents feel strong social pressure to enroll their children in buxibans so they can keep pace with other children. And the long-term____利益of English acquisition are widely praised.5. Also, make sure the ____________环境is___________有利to completing_______家庭作业.6. People sometimes describe__________语法as the ―rules‖ of a language, but in fact nolanguage has rules.7. If you‘re thinking of going to America, this weekly magazine is a good choice for you because it is full of a_______建议on how to manage the visa and even what to buy once you‘re there.8. She doesn‘t have much time to read anything detailed but she is looking for something with plenty of brief news and_____________信息.9. In 1986, China‘s_______第一_________现代化的specialized dinosaur___________博物馆was built here and opened to the public.10. The museum is spilt into two sections---Lu Xun‘s former residence where he lived during1924---1926 and a large____________展览hall.11. It‘s a small flat of 25 squar e meters, with a bedroom, a bathroom and a_____厨房.12.With such a pen friend, I hope I can share with her our___________经历in traveling, taking care of pets, or whatever we have in common.13. It‘s a pleasure for me to tell you my plan of this coming summe r v_________假期after thecollege entrance examination.14. Internationally, laws to discourage the use of plastic bags have been passed in parts of SouthAfrica and Ireland, where____________政府either tax shoppers who use them or fine companies that hand them out.15. Such a class cannot create a good a___________气氛for English learning.16. I hope that this kind of activity will continue in the__________将来.17. It is indeed a wonderful idea and everyone hopes for its___________成功.18. We can also form a good________习惯of putting the rubbish in the trashcan.19. My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling__________律师, but I always knew he was special.20. These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed from the valley floor. Lots of stores hotels,and_____________餐馆are needed to handle the crowds.21. It has two hundred million________美圆but cannot spend it any way it chooses.22. Thank you so much for your party on____________圣诞节Eve.23.As a student, I‘ve read a lot and have much ____________知识in many fields.24.___________图书管理员know that quality school__________图书馆programs lead to improved student achievement.25. There were no tickets available for___________周三____________表演.26. John was dismissed last week because of his casual________态度towards his job.27. At the Beijing______奥运会, all of the more than 40 roads will be lined with colorful plants.28. Yang is a_________教授of personality, who has a nick name ―Big Gun Yang‖.29. In _________八月1991, however, Ana Maria stopped eating normally.30. She will play in her first formal game in more than 40 months in__________二月.31. The best time to visit NZ is from ___________十一月to________四月---summer time in thesouthern hemisphere.32. Within two__________月份her weight had dropped to 40________公斤.33. The____________地理teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and the earthgoes round the sun.34. After a while, a bus came and she got on it. There were many___________乘客in the bus.35. The book fair brings to the book lovers much__________ 方便as it can provide such a greatvariety of books.36. Ultimately, the best gift I could give my daughter was my time, my love and my______________________(鼓励).37. Last________(星期四), the four promised not to violate the companies‘ copyright.38.After the c____________(比赛), we were_________(邀请)to give performances in theneighbouring towns.39. Tony, a young ____(工程师)in a modern car factory, enjoys an adventure journey once a year.40. Of__________(当然), scientists cannot answer all of your questions.41. Being happy is like an infectious d_________(疾病); it causes people to shrink away from thesufferer.42. Of course, you can never rely on the British summer weather, so taking an ____________(雨伞)along might be a good idea just in case.43.Various activities were organized, including the opening__________(仪式), lectures onpopular science and meeting at which writers and readers communicated face to face.44. ---You are always full of energy. Can you tell me the secret?---Taking plenty of e____________(锻炼)every day.45. Zhang Ying, 35 years old, married once, is a _____________(幼儿园)teacher.46. Everyone knows that Beijing is to hold the 29th Olympic Games, the arrangements of whichwill make the players and _________(客人)satisfied.47. All kids can do so much in their_____________(生活、生命).48. Officers can‘t work properly without certain important pieces of ______ (仪器) .49. Can you understand this passage without e__________(解释)?50. My feelings at the moment are beyond ____ (描述).51. There are no _______ (钢琴) in the school for the poor children to play.二、动词(特别注意动词-ing形式、时态语态、非谓语动词)1.This year, among 3,913 international students from 141 countries_______(学习)at the university, 400 are from the Chinese mainland, second only to 489 Canadians.2.I am a girl named Zhangli, and I was_________(出生) in Guangzhou in 1976.3.My spoken English and ________(写作)skills are both very good.4. If they don‘t understand homework‘s purpose, the reason why they have to do it, and how it will___(有益于) them, then homework will be an unfulfilling experience.5. With enough water, this problem can be____________(解决).6. This magazine is __________(出版)every month and tells you_______(真实的) stories about real life of famous detectives.7. This magazine brings you the best in crime thrillers ________(写) by well-known crime writers.8. Computer criminals don‘t use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to______(处罚)thembecause there is often no evidence.9. He stood at the bus stop,__________(等待) for Bus No.302 to go to school.10. Records say the lighthouse was about one hundred thirty meters tall. It stood for one thousandfive hundred years before it was d__________(毁坏) by an earthquake.11.Eric____(接受)training in computer for one year, after which he found a job in a big company.12. In the days that followed it o____(发生)to me that there are some parallels between theexperience we had at the two shows and the challenges of everyday life.13. When former American President Bill Clinton traveled to South Korea to visit President KimYoung Sam, he repeatedly r_________(指) to the Korean president‘s wife as Mrs. Kim.14. He_________(付钱)for a seat, when he could have entered free.15. When lunch time came, we sat on the grassland,_______(吃)and drinking happily.16. The door opened and Lance stormed out, followed by her six-year-old self,___________(提)asuitcase for her father.17. This delay in technology adoption resulted in much larger gap between________(发展) anddeveloping countries in economic development.18. Chan won five awards at the 2007 Ultimate Song Chart Awards Presentation_______(举行)inHongKong last___________(星期二).19.There‘s nothing like writing down your tasks to help you organize your thoughts and_____________(使…平静)your anxiety.20. A case of success is Marie Curie who was born in Warsar, Poland on November 7, 1867. Shewas only 8 when her eldest sister c______(感染)typhus(伤寒) and died.21. Read a book a week. It will stimulate and b__________(开阔)your views.三、形容词及副词1.I have long believed that those we love never_________(真正地) leave us.2.____________(不幸的是), this familiar scene is the perfect recipe for a dangerous kitchen fire.3. Experts invented languages like Esperanto(世界语). And if Esperanto were _________(广泛地)spoken, its rules would soon be very different.4. Each magazines carries three full-length stories as well as cartoons and colour pictures ofyour__________(最喜爱的) film stars.5. Therefore, it is___________(必要的)for us to do something to draw attention to the protectionof our eyesight.6. Once I leave for college, we can_____________(方便) share our experiences and support eachother no matter where are.7. It rained all morning, then the sun ___________(突然)appeared from behind the clouds andwe saw a beautiful rainbow in the distance.8.___________(当今), young people in China tend to celebrate_________(西方的) holidaysmore than the______________(传统的) Chinese ones.9. He has impressed his boss very much and t______(因此) he is soon to be promoted.10.It is most suitable for those who work in the field of__________(外)trade with Japan, forpeople who work as diplomats in Japan-China relationship, and for____________(记者)who keep an eye on what is happening to the bilateral relation of these two countries.11. While traveling_________(国外), Mr. Jackson Frank ran short of money. Sohe_________(决定)to write to his brother, asking for $500.―Send the money by telegram,‖ he wrote, ―to the Fisher Bank in P...‖12. When he came out, he went____________(马上/立即) to the Fisher bank. The clerk he spoketo was a new man.。
2012年中考各科冲刺复习提要(一)
2012年中考各科冲刺复习提要(一)作者:吴晓红(辑)提供人:网上家长学校阅读:47 评论:0 时间:2012-6-4 13:59:46 【大中小】语文□景范中学语文教研组在中考倒计时的日子中,复习应考更应把握要点,突破难点。
首先,巩固需识记的内容。
如规定背诵的诗文,文言文词句释义,名著阅读等,这些是中考必考内容,我们应尽量保证得全分。
其次,在复习中,我们还需要加强能力题的演练,应当理性梳理历次考试中的得失,查漏补缺、消灭“盲点”,避免失分;也可以通过整理试卷,将各题分类比较,检查错误原因,找出答题要领。
再次,我们还应对历次作文素材加以整理,保证上考场前已有“成竹”在胸,避免在考场上因紧张而遗忘了原本可以入题的好题材。
在此,本文针对复习中的难点———阅读理解题做个梳理,方便同学们的复习。
审题拿到题目首先要通读全文,把握文章内容,理清脉络,感知文章作者所表达的思想感情。
同时把握几个要点。
其一,理解题目考点。
题干中隐含着“常用术语”。
如表达方式、写作手法、修辞手法、语言特点、表达效果、说明方法、理论论据等。
以上各“常用术语”,暗中考查学生的语文基础,同时也是题目得分要点所在,在平时的训练中要理解常用术语所指范围,找出题目关键词,可以很好地根治“答非所问”的弊病。
还有一种考察方式是比较阅读,这是一种复杂的创造性思维过程,可按下列步骤进行:①认真阅读文段,整体把握文段的主要内容;②把握题目要求和比较的内容,反复阅读相关文字,逐渐地进行“异中求同”或“同中求异”,整理出值得吸收和借鉴的东西;③联系全文思考分析,按题目要求将自己比较的结果用准确的语言表达出来。
一般比较都可以从情感表达、内容选择、形式安排等方面进行比较。
其二,确定对应范围。
如:“根据全文”“理解划线句”、“联系上下文”、“请问了解于勒的窘境后我们一家人的表现如何”等,这里包含了两个要点:一个是时间点———在了解于勒窘境后;另外一个是数量点———一家人的表现,应答的内容需要全面。
2012年中招考试复习精讲(20120507开封)(1)
第23 综合活动形式考 题 察中国现代史的
改革开放30年成 就
综合活动形式 以材料解析考察中 考察中国现代 国现代史的新中国 史的建国六十 建国以来的外交成 年的各项成就 就
以材料解析的形式 对比分析了孙中山 和毛泽东的伟大历 史功绩和对历史发 展的作用
1.3近四年非选择题分析
题号 2008年
2009年
·新课标
3.人们往往通过研究历史文物来了解历史。下列哪些历史文A 物可以
帮助我们了解河南商朝的历史( )
①甲骨文 ②司(后)母戊鼎 ③秦陵兵马俑 ④圆形方孔钱
A.①②
B.①③
C.②③
D.②④
[解析]关键词河南、商朝可排除其他选项,兵马俑和圆形方孔钱对研究 秦朝的历史有重要价值。关于河南历史文化传承的内容和文明融合交流的内容 要特别关注。
持双开,侧重能力(鉴古知今和情感教育) 导向:考察学生学习的过程与方法;运用历史知识
分析和解决问题的能力和创新精神和实践能力的 问题越来越多
2.1复习方法及建议
1、基础知识要牢记(开卷考试尤其需要注意) 2、基本能力要掌握(图表的判读、材料的解读) 3、历史线索要清晰(了解发展的因果关系) 4、知识结构要完善(以专题为主要形式,内容涉及古
B.希波
战争
C.罗马帝国的扩张
D.
阿拉伯数字的传播
下列史实中,促进了欧亚两大文明交流的
是
①玄奘西游取经 ②阿拉伯数字的传播 ③
鉴真东渡日本 ④马可•波罗来华
A.①②③ B.②③④
C.①③ D.②④
[解析]世界古代史部分重点考察的是 文明的成就辨别;文明产生的原因和影 响;文明交往的过程与形式;多元文明 观的认识和判断。这些都是历次命题的 关键内容,应重点关注。
【考前30天绝密资料】2012年高考历史考前30天三轮专题提分必练绝密之四(大纲专用)
班级____________姓名____________2012年高考考前30天三轮专题提分必练绝密之专题(四)[专题四中国的思想文化](时间:45分钟)一、选择题1.面对乱世,孔子周游列国,希望以他超越时代的思想和智慧来影响春秋各国的历史进程,但其政治理念最终破灭于现实面前,对出现这一现象的主要原因表述最准确的是() A.春秋时期王室衰微,礼崩乐坏B.当时各国忙于争霸,无暇接待孔子C.春秋时期孔子的时代还没有到来D.孔子及其弟子都是没有实权的文人2.早在先秦时期,中国文化的地域性差异已十分明显。
就文学而论,北方注重说理,南方倾向抒情,如南方的诗歌大量运用神话材料,描绘神奇瑰丽境界,给人强烈审美愉悦感。
下列文学现象,最能说明南方文学这一特点的是()A.《论语》B.《逍遥游》C.《诗经》D.《离骚》3.我国古代有一位学者,被李约瑟誉为“中国科学制图学之父”,“完全可以和欧洲古代著名地图学家托勒密相提并论”。
该学者是()A.裴秀B.郦道元C.沈括D.徐霞客4.下列选项中的“天”字,意思较为接近的是()①董仲舒的天人感应思想②天行有常,不为尧存,不为桀亡③天赋人权④人法地,地法天,天法道,道法自然A.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③5.司马迁作《史记》,开创了史书的纪传体体裁,影响所及,直至明清。
他创制了后世效仿的五种史书体制。
我们若想了解被称为“千古一帝”的秦始皇,主要应该查阅哪一种()A.世家B.书C.本纪D.列传6.中国古代绘画艺术绚丽多姿,从不同侧面反映了不同历史时期的社会风尚、时代风貌和作者心声。
下列作品出现的先后顺序是()2012二轮精品提分必练A.①③②④B.③④①②C.②①④③D.④②③①7.早在明末清初就出现了“西学东渐”的现象。
下图著作中体现“西学东渐”特色的是()A B2012二轮精品提分必练8.明清之际西方传教士与19世纪后期欧洲传教士都来华传教,前者与后者的一个根本区别在于()A.将传教与宣传西方的科学知识相结合B.将传教与西方的宗教入侵相结合C.将传教与西方对中国的侵略相结合D.将西方的宗教与中国本土的宗教相结合9.“凡外邦人技艺精巧,邦法宏深,宜先许其通商,但不得擅入旱地,恐百姓罕见多奇,致生别事。
2012中考历史冲刺复习方法
2012中考历史复习方法今年是辛亥革命100周年,中学历史课堂也十分活跃,老师们希望借助这个特别的契机,对课堂教学进行一些有益探索,让历史变得更真切直观,不再是冷冰冰的名词解释。
近日,上海几个历史学科德育实训基地汇聚在上海市新场中学,交流各自的教学实践。
拉近历史与学生距离依据历史课程标准和教科书,初高中历史教学在叙述辛亥革命这段历史时,呈现了不少文献、实物照片等史料,但新场中学历史教师金建忠认为,若按部就班讲解,学生虽然能够熟背相关史实,但对100年前的这段历史仍然会觉得有隔膜。
“史学界对辛亥革命的研究中有许多关于上海的史料,能不能将之用于课堂教学,使学生对这段历史产生一种地域上的亲近感,从而激发他们的学习兴趣呢?”金建忠说,早在1919年,孙中山就在其《实业计划》一书中提出浦东开发的宏伟设想,提出在长江口附近的浦东地区建设东方大港,改造上海旧港,使上海成为面向世界的航运中心,并最终形成较为详尽的设想。
金建忠从众多史料中选取“辛亥革命后的浦东早期发展设想”,试着向学生进行介绍,没想到反响强烈。
上海学生看到90多年前的“浦东开发”蓝图,亲近感油然而生。
学生康杰说:“原先只会死记硬背课本中的知识点,只知道辛亥革命始于100年前的武昌起义,感觉十分遥远,没想到它对上海政治经济发展有着这么直接的影响。
”用真实影像还原历史上海音像资料馆近日发布一批辛亥革命时期的珍贵影像资料,其中包括辛亥革命时期上海黄浦江、外滩、南京路的景观,旅美华人华侨在美国旧金山唐人街庆祝辛亥革命胜利的场景以及上世纪20年代孙中山、黄兴、于右任、李烈钧等人参与革命活动的影像片段。
“此次公布的影像画面,一些生动的细节是书斋研究所难以获得的。
”上海市长青学校历史教师王奇得知这一信息,如获至宝,“相比图片、文字,这些影像资料更能真实真切地再现历史。
在戏说、野史经常误导学生的背景下,我们的课堂更需要以真实影像还原历史。
”王奇所在的上海市历史学科德育与资源开发研究实训基地,主要从事的就是对影视资源等多渠道教育资源的开发和利用,并引导学生对历史影像资料进行观察、分析、比较、说明、论证,解决具体的历史问题。
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建筑工程实务
建筑结构域构造
1
2、大截面混凝土墩柱在加大钢筋混凝土保护层厚度的前提下,气逆混凝土强度等级可抵御
表1A411013-5的要求,单降低幅度不应超过两个强度等级,且设计使用年限为100年和50年的构件,其强度等级不应低于C25和C20;
3、我国规范抗震设防的基本思想和原则是“三个水准”为抗震设防目标。
简单地说就是“小
震不坏、中震可修、大震不倒”。
4、“三个水准”的抗震设防目标是:当遭受低于本地区抗震设防烈度的多遇地震影响
时,建筑物一般不受损坏或不需修理仍可继续使用;当遭受相当于本地区抗震设防烈度的地震影响时,可能损坏,经一般修理或不需修理仍可继续使用;当遭受高于本地区抗震设防烈度预估的罕遇地震影响时,不会倒塌或发生危及生命的严重破坏。
5、多层砌体房屋的抗震构造措施。
多层砌体房屋是我们目前的主要结构类型之一。
但是这种结构材料脆性大,抗拉、抗剪能力低,抵抗地震的能力差。
震害表明,在强烈地震作用下,多层砌体房屋的破坏部位主要是墙身,楼盖本身的破坏较轻。
因此,采取如下措施:
(1)设置钢筋混凝土构造柱,减少墙身的破坏,并改善其抗震性能,提高延性。
(2)设置钢筋混凝土圈梁与构造柱连接起来,增强了房屋的整体性,改善了房屋的抗震性能,提高了抗震能力。
(3)加强墙体的连接,楼板和梁应有足够的支承长度和可靠连接。
(4)加强楼梯间的整体性等。
6、1).垂直荷载
如结构自重、雪荷载等。
2).水平荷载
如风荷载、水平地震作用等。
7、防震缝的宽度应满足相邻结构单元可能出现方向相反的振动而不致相撞的要求。
当房屋
高度在15m以下时,其宽度也不应小于5cm。
8、框架—剪力墙结构中,剪力墙主要承受水平荷载,竖向荷载主要由框架承担。
框架—剪
力墙结构一般宜用于10~20层的建筑。
9、内筒一般由电梯间、楼梯间组成。
内筒与外筒由楼盖连接成整体,共同抵抗水平荷载及
竖向荷载。
这种结构体系适用于30~50层的房屋。
多筒结构是将多个筒组合在一起,使结构具有更大的抵抗水平荷载的能力。
10、影响砖砌体抗压强度的主要因素包括:砖的强度等级;砂浆的强度等级及其厚度;
砌筑质量,包括饱满度、砌筑时砖的含水率、操作人员的技术水平等。
11、为防止沉降裂缝的产生,可用沉降缝在适当部位将房屋分成若干刚度较好的单元,
沉降缝的基础必须分开。
12、钢筋混凝土圈梁的宽度宜与墙厚相同,当墙厚h≥240mm 时,其宽度不宜小于
2h/3。
圈梁高度不应小于120mm。
纵向钢筋不应少于4ϕ10,绑扎接头的搭接长度按受
拉钢筋考虑,箍筋间距不应大于300mm。
13、室外疏散楼梯和每层出口处平台,均应采取非燃烧材料制作。
平台的耐火极限不应
低于1h,楼梯段的耐火极限应不低于0.25h。
在楼梯周围2m内的墙面上,除疏散门外,不应设其他门窗洞口。
疏散门不应正对楼梯段。
疏散出口的门内、门外1.40m范围内不
应设踏步,且门必须向外开,并不应设置门槛。
14、疏散楼梯的最小净宽度
1).与建筑主体的附着与剥落。
2).装修层的厚度与分层,均匀与平整等问题。
3).与建筑主体结构的受力和温度变化相一致的构造。
4).为人提供良好的建筑物理环境、生态环境、室内无污染环境、色彩无障碍环境。
5).构造的防火、防水、防潮、防空气渗透和防腐处理。
17、面层分为整体面层、板块面层和木竹面层
1.整体面层包括:水泥混凝土面层、水泥砂浆面层、水磨石面层、水泥钢(铁)屑面层、防油渗面层、不发火(防爆的)面层等;
2.板块面层包括:砖面层(陶瓷锦砖、缸砖、陶瓷地砖和水泥花砖面层)、大理石面层和花岗石面层、预制板块面层(水泥混凝土板块、水磨石板块面层)、料石面层(条石、块石面层)、塑料板面层、活动地板面层、地毯面层等;
(条材、块材面层)、
3).找平层是在垫层、楼板上或填充层(轻质、松散材料)上起整平、找坡或加强作用的构造层。
19、国家标准规定,有较高要求的抗震结构适用的钢筋牌号为:在表1A412012-1中已有带肋钢筋牌号后加E(例如:HRB400E、HRBF400E)的钢筋。
该类钢筋除应满足以下的要求
外,其他要求与相对应的已有牌号钢筋相同:
计中钢材强度的取值依据。
抗拉强度与屈服强度之比(强屈比)是评价钢材使用可靠性的一个参数。
强屈比愈大,钢材受力超过屈服点工作时的可靠性越大,安全性越高;但强屈比太大,钢材强度利用率偏低,浪费材料。
22、磷:磷是碳素钢中很有害的元素之一。
磷含量增加,钢材的强度、硬度提高,塑性和韧性显著下降。
特别是温度愈低,对塑性和韧性的影响愈大,从而显著加大钢材的冷脆性,也
素作为合金元素使用。
硫使钢的可焊性、冲击韧性、耐疲劳性和抗腐蚀性等均降低。
24
作用。
氧化物所造成的低熔点亦使钢材的可焊性变差。
25磷相似,会使钢材强度提高,塑性特别是韧性显著下降。
26
1)
满模板的性能;
2)
分层和离析现象的性能;
3)、保水性是指混凝土拌合物具有一定的保水能力,在施工过程中不致产生严重的泌水现象的性能。
27、按国家标准),制作边长为150mm
28d龄期,测得的抗压强度值为混凝土立方体试件抗压强度,以fcu,k表示,单位为N/mm2或MPa。
28、外加剂的分类:
1).改善混凝土拌合物流变性能的外加剂。
包括各种减水剂、引气剂和泵送剂等。
2).调节混凝土凝结时间、硬化性能的外加剂。
包括缓凝剂、早强剂和速凝剂等。
3).改善混凝土耐久性的外加剂。
包括引气剂、防水剂和阻锈剂等。
4).改善混凝土其他性能的外加剂。
包括膨胀剂、防冻剂、着色剂等。
29
1)
2)1:3的石灰砂浆28d抗压强度通常只有0.2~0.5MPa。
3)
4)
纸筋、麻刀等材料以减小收缩,并节约石灰。
5)
30
31
32、卷材
1)、SBS
建筑防水。
2)、APP
34
当建筑场地的施工控制网为方格网或轴线形式时,采用直角坐标法放线最为方便。
用直角坐标法测定一已知点的位置时,只需要按其坐标差数量取距离和测设直角,用加减法计算即可,工作方便,并便于检查,测量精度亦较高。
极坐标法适用于测设点靠近控制点,便于量距的地方。
用极坐标法测定一点的平面位置时,系在一个控制点上进行,但该点必须与另一控制点通视。
根据测定点与控制点的坐标,计算出它们之间的夹角(极角β)与距离(极距S),按β与S之值即可将给定的点位定出。
角度前方交会法,适用于不便量距或测设点远离控制点的地方。
对于一般小型建筑物或管线的定位,亦可采用此法。
从控制点到测设点的距离,若不超过测距尺的长度时,可用距离交会法来测定。
用距离交会法来测定点位,不需要使用仪器,但精度较低。
36、一、推土机
适用范围
二、铲运机
适用范围
三、正铲挖掘机
适用范围
四、反铲挖掘机
适用范围。