2012届高考英语一轮复习 英语语法精讲(代词数词)课件 牛津版
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(2010· 辽宁高考)The fact that she was foreign made ________ difficult for her to get a job in that country. A.so C.that B.much D.it
解析:考查代词辨析。此处it用作形式宾语,代替后面
恶的动词或词组后面,如:enjoy,like,love,dislike,
hate,appreciate,don't mind,be fond of,feel like,see to,depend on 等后。 I like it when she sings a song for me. 我喜欢她为我唱歌。 You may depend on it that they will support you. 你相信好了,他们会支持你的。
他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。
6.用作look,seem,appear,happen 等词的主语。 It seems that he lost his way.
他好像迷路了。
It happened that I saw him yesterday.
我昨天碰巧看见他了。
7.it 用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面,尤其是表示好
3.those 替代可数名词复数,相当于the ones。
Students in Class One are more hardworking than those in Class Two . 一班的学生比二班的学生学习更努力。
[注意] one 替代前边的名词,作前边名词的同位语时;
前边的名词若是特指,要用the one;若是泛指则用one。
(2010· 重庆高考)He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found ________ of them again. A.neither C.each B.either D.all
解析:考查代词的用法。根据题干中的temper和health 可知此处表示两者,且句中含有否定词never只有B项符 合。 答案:B
我只有一只鞋,另一只鞋找不到了。
(2011· 桂林十八中质检)Everyone wants to live in a beau-
tiful,comforபைடு நூலகம்able and livable place, but not________ know
where it is. A.some C.all B.either D.both
的动词不定式短语to get a job in that country,形式主语
和形式宾语只能用it,不用其他代词。
答案:D
1.用作人称代词,代替前面提到的事物或人,在句子中 作主语或宾语。 Your story is interesting,but I don't like it. 你的故事很有趣,但是我不喜欢。
If I had some money,I would lend him some,but unfortunately,I have none. 如果我有钱的话,我就借给他一些,但不幸的是,我 没钱。
(3)none 后面可跟of 短语,而something/anything/everything/nothing 和someone/anyone/everyone/no one 却 不能。 As we were asleep,none of us heard the sound.
“the other+单数名词”特指两者中的另一个,可用the
one 代替;“the other+复数名词”特指两者以上中剩下 的所有的,可用the others 代替。
I don't like this sweater and give me another one, please. 我不喜欢这件毛衣,请再给我拿一件。 I only have one shoe. The other (one) is missing.
的同位语。
答案:D
1.one替代单数名词,通常为泛指的不特定的名词,ones
为其复数形式。the one替代前面的单数名词,表示特指, 往往其后带定语,the ones 为其复数形式。 I haven't got a computer. I want to buy one next year. 我没有电脑,我想明年买一台。
由于我们在睡觉,因此没人听到那声音。
3.each,every 的区别
each 强调“个体”,可作代词和形容词,指“两个或两个 以上中的每一个”;every 强调“全体”,只能作定语,指“ 三个或三个以上中的每一个”。each 作同位语时,不影 响谓语动词的数,不可用not each 表部分否定。
Each of the tickets costs 10 dollars.=The tickets cost 10
He is a kind student,one who always helps others. 他是一个热心肠的学生,一个总是帮助别人的学生。 He is the most excellent student,the one who wins the first prize.他就是那个最优秀的学生,那个赢得一等奖的学生。
(这两种)哪个都行,我都不介意。
2.none,nothing,nobody(no one )的区别 (1)none 既可指人,也可指物,且表特指概念,常回答how
many ,how much 引导的疑问句;nobody(no one) 只能
指人,且表泛指概念,常回答who 引导的疑问句; nothing 只能指物,且表泛指概念,常回答what 引导的 疑问句。 —How much money do you have? 你有多少钱? —None. 一点也没有。 —What are you doing now? 你在做什么?
dollars each.=The tickets each cost 10 dollars. 每张票十美元。(后两句中each 作同位语) Every man is not honest.=Not every man is honest. 并非每个人都诚实。
4.another与the other的区别 another 意为“另外的,另一个”指三者或三者以上的另 一个,泛指同类的人或事物,可单独使用或在其后加 单数可数名词。
解析:句意:大家都想住在一个美丽的、舒适的和易于
居住的地方,但并不是所有的人知道它在何处。not all
表示“并不是所有的”,为部分否定,符合题意。
答案:C
all/both/everyone/everybody/everything 以及every+名词 都表示全部肯定;no one/none/nobody/nothing/not...any,
1.both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法
都 两者 三者或三者以上 both all 任何 either any 都不 neither none
-When shall we meet again? 咱们什么时候再见面? -Make it any day you like;it's all the same to me. 你喜欢哪天就哪天,对我来说,哪天都无所谓。
-Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?
周一和周二你哪天能来? -I'm afraid neither day is possible. 恐怕(这两天)哪天都不行。 -Do you want tea or coffee? 你要茶还是要咖啡? -Either.I really don't mind.
(二)数词
(2010· 上海高考)It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was ________journey.
For the Dog The family seated in a restaurant had finished their din-ner when the father called over the waiter. “Yes,sir?” the waiter asked.
“My son has left quite a lot of meat on his plate,”explained the father,“Could you giveme a bag so that I can take it home for the dog?” “Gosh,Dad!”exclaimed the excited boy,“Have we got a dog then?”
What a beautiful baby! Is it a boy?
多漂亮的宝宝啊!是个男孩吗?
4.用作非人称代词,表示时间、日期、天气、温度、距离 等,常用作句子的主语。 It is Saturday today. 今天是星期六。
It's two kilometers from school to my home.
以及no+名词都表示全部否定;但当not 出现在含有全部
肯定的不定代词的句子中,不管not 在它们之前还是在它 们之后都表示部分否定。此外not 与总括性副词如 everywhere,always,wholly,altogether 等连用时也表示 部分否定。
None of the children are noisy. 所有的儿童都不吵闹。 Both of them don't want to stop for a rest. 并非他们两个都愿意停下来休息。
2.用于疑问句的答语中,代替指示代词(this,that)。 -What's this? 这是什么? -It's a panda.是只熊猫。
-Whose exercisebook is that? 那是谁的练习本?
-It's hers.是她的。
3.当说话者不清楚或没必要知道说话对象的性别时,也
可用it 来表示。
(一)代词
(2010· 山东高考)Helping others is a habit, ________ you can
learn even at an early age.
A.it C.what B.that D.one
解析:考查代词。句意:帮助他人是一种习惯,一种 你可以从小学习的习惯。one在此指a habit,作a habit
-Nothing. 什么也没做。
(2)none 往往与前面的some/any/every+名词相对应;nothing 往往与前面的 something/anything/everything 相对 应;no one 往往与前面的somebody (one)/everybody
(one)/anybody(one)相对应。
从我家到学校有两公里远。
5.it 作形式主语或形式宾语,而把不定式短语、动词ing
短语或名词性从句等真正的主语或宾语置于句末。 It's impolite to speak to others with your mouth full of food. 嘴里含着食物跟人说话是不礼貌的。 It's no use going there so early. 这么早去那儿没什么用处。 He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well.
The dictionary on the desk is much better than that/the
one on the shelf. 桌子上的那本词典比架子上的那本要好。
2.that既可以替代特指的单数可数名词,也可以替代特指
的不可数名词,替代特指的单数可数名词时,相当于
the one。 The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Nanjing in winter. 在冬季,北京的天气要比南京的天气冷得多。