高考概要写作范文
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)Starting from 2017.the Shanghai English exam will undergo many adjustments。
one of which is the n of summary writing。
also known as "XXX 15 points and tests XXX of students in reading and writing.The given language in summary writing is generally een 200-250 words。
with diverse content including stories。
current events。
and science pXXX。
with a word count requirement of 50-60 words。
The answer should try to meet the requirements of "Key points of a summary".1.n of summary writingXXX。
in one's own words。
of the content of a passage。
article。
XXX.2.Key points of a summaryConciseness: XXX。
ns。
and unimportant n.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness: Include all the main and supporting points in a condensed manner。
using your own words.Accuracy: Give the same n and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence: A summary should be a paragraph with XXX to make it flow。
上海市高考概要写作9篇(有答案)
01 - Sales StrategiesHow can a company improve its sales? One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its “sales strategy”. In other words, what is the role of the salesperson? Is the salesperson’s job narrative, suggest ive, or consultive?The “narrative” sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation. His or her pitch highlights the benefit for the customer of a particular product or service. This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the same and is also well suited to companies who have a large number of prospects on which to call.The “suggestive” approach is tailored more for the individual customer. The salesperson must be in a positio n to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customer’s needs. One key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engage the buyer in some sort of discussion. The salesperson can then use the information from the customer to suggest an appropriate product or service.The final strategy demands that a company’s sales staff act as “consultants” for the buyer. In this role, the salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer. They do this through market research, surveys, and face-to-face discussions. Using this information, the salesperson makes a detailed presentation tailored specifically to a consumers needs.More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or a suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy. As a result, corporations are looking more at intangibles (无形资产) such as creativity and analytical skills and less at educational background and technical skills.Sales strategies are classified as narrative, suggestive and consultive. Salespeople use the narrative strategy to promote products with standard presentations. The suggestive approach requires the salesperson to recommend a suitable product after talking with customers. The consultive strategy demands that salespeople acquire information about customers and act as their “consultants”. Nowadays more and more sales teams prefer the consultive approach. (60 words)02 - When You Hear the Final WhistleOne of the hardest things for any sportsperson to do is to know when to retire. But even harder is finding the answer to the question “What am I going to do with the rest of my life?”Some sportspeople go on playing too long. Perhaps they just can’t stand life without the “high” of playing professional sport. Michael Jordan, the greatest basketball player of all time retired three times. He retired once from the Chicago Bulls, made a successful comeback with the Bulls, then retired again. His second comeback with an inferior team ended in failure and he retired for ever at the age of 38. Jordan said, “There will never be anything I do that will fulfill me as much as competing did.”Others can’t resist the chance of one last “pay day”. Muhammad Ali needed the money, but his comeback fight, at the age of 39, against Trevor Berbick, was one of the saddest spectacles in modem sport. After losing to Berbick, Ali retired permanently. Three years later he developed Parkinson’s disease.For some people, the pain of retirement never leaves them. As Jimmy Greaves, an ex- England international footballer said, u I think that a lot of players would prefer to be shot once their career is over. J, Many of them spend their retirement in a continual battle against depression, alcohol, or drugs.But for the lucky few, retirement can mean a successful new career. Franz Beckenbauer is a classical example of a footballer who won everything with his club, Bayern Munich. After retiring he became a successful coach with Bayern and finally president of the club. John McEnroe, the infamous “bad boy” of tennis, is now a highly respected and highly paid TV commentator. But sadly, for most sportspeople these cases are the exceptions.For one thing, sportspeople find it hard to decide when to retire. Some don’t want to retire because they can’t stand living without playing professional sport while others just need money. For another, sportspeople find it harder to decide what to do after retirement. Some suffer from the pain of retirement while the lucky few take up a new career. (60 words)03 - IKEASince it opened its first store in 1943 , IKEA has become one of the biggest furniture empires in the world. The company has made people think differently about the way they furnish their homes, particularly in countries like Germany, the UK and France. Over 365 million people worldwide spend more than £8 billion in IKEA stores each year and the number of customers keeps rising. The best-selling products are bookshelves, sofas, candles, chairs and coat hangers, but perhaps IKEA is most famous for its flatpack furniture.Flatpack furniture was invented by chance in 1956 by a man called Gillis Lundgren. He lived in a Swedish town called Almhult and worked for a small furniture company. One day Lundgren needed to deliver a table to a customer, but the table wouldn’t fit in his car. “Let’s pull off the legs and put them underneath,” said Lundgren — and that was the moment flatpack furniture was bom. From that simple beginning, the small furniture company became IKEA and Lundgren became one of its top designers.The se cret of IKEA’s success is not just the design, it’s also the price. Flatpacks don’t take up much space, so IKEA can send furniture round the world vey cheaply. Also the stores don’t employ lots of salespeople to help you find or carry things; it seems peop le don’t mind doing that for themselves. And most importantly, IKEA doesn’t pay anyone to put the furniture together — they let the customers do that. Apparently, people would rather pay less and build the furniture themselves.IKEA is a big furniture chain store, well known for its flatpack furniture, which was invented by Gillis Lundgren when he managed to put a table into a car. IKEA’s success lies in the design and the price. IKEA can deliver flatpacks round the world cheaply. Customers would rather pay less and put the furniture together themselves. (57 words)4 - Refusing to Be ModernizedAn elderly couple are going to exchange candles for light bulbs after 37 years without electricity at their Suffolk home. Pat Payne, 74, and his wife Margaret, 72, brought up their large family in their farmhouse in Whepstead, near Bury St Edmunds, without any modem appliances.Their children left home years ago but now one of them has moved back and is paying £ 19,000 to have electricity put in the 200-year-old house next month. Mrs. Payne said that she was looking forward to “ being modernized “ but does not feel that she has missed much by not having electricity.“It would have been nice to have been able to do the ironing or to have vacuum cleaner instead of having to sweep the floor, but we got by,” she said. “I think our children are more excited about us getting electricity than we are.”The couple have mostly lived off the land. Mr. Payne, a former farm labourer, grows vegetables in the garden. Without a fridge or freezer in the three-bedroom house, milk is delivered every other day and fresh meat is bought as needed. Water comes from a well.Mrs. Payne used to wash clothes by hand, and with nine children that was a lot of clothes, but she believes that not having electricity may have been a good thing for her children while they were growing up.“Instead of watching television, they played together and used to make up games or read books,” she said.The life also suited her and her husband. “ Neither of us has eve r been seriously ill and we rarely get a cough or cold,” Mrs. Payne said. “With our fresh vegetables and not having central heating it’s been a very healthy way to live.”The Paynes have lived in their farmhouse without electricity for 37 years but they do n’t regret it. They think living in this way does good to their children’s growing up and their health. Now they are going to have electricity put in their house and will make use of modern alliances. (51 words)5 - Designer Brands Aren’t for Me!Although I follow fashion, I hate the phrase “must-have”. If I read that Ugg boots or Prada sunglasses are the latest “must-haves”, my immediate reaction is to think, “Why must I have them?” Why should I fall for the designer’s manipulative tactics, which are only intended to increase his bank balance at the expense of mine?Designer brands, in general, are for people who are too insecure to trust their own tastes. These people decide that everything at Prada must be “cool”, so if you shop there, you can’t go wrong. I find it much more satisfying to pop into one of the cheap chain stores on the High Street and buy a copy of designer’s clothes for a tenth of the price. OK, you have to use your skill to find the one garment in there that looks great. But it’s worth it! It’s like finding a piece of gold in a river. The find gives you immense satisfaction.Which is why, according to a survey done by a British bank, young people with money are abandoning the designer shops and buying their clothes in chain stores, second-hand shops, and in markets. This is the best news I’ve heard all week. It means that young people have the confidence to trust their judgment. They are prepared to take risks to look individual and not mass-produced.That has always been my shopping philosophy. The surprisingly high prices in designer shops leave me open-mouthed. Even if I had the money, I would think of all the other things I could spend it on!The writer thinks there is no need to buy those “must-haves” and that designer brands are intend ed for those who aren’t sure of their tastes. He prefers to do shopping in a cheap chain store. Besides, a survey reports that rich young people are switching to cheaper places to do shopping, thus looking individual. (54 words)6 - A Lesson Goes ViralAt the end of 2014, Tulsa, Oklahoma, sixth-grade teacher Melissa Bour received a friend request on Facebook from one of her students. She didn’t accept the request, but a quick browse through the girl’s friends list revealed the names of dozens of kids from her classroom. Many of the students’ Facebook pages were completely public, meaning even strangers could search through the kids’ personal photos and messages.“I saw middle fingers, students dressed inappropriately, and extremely offensive language,” Meli ssa says. “It was disturbing.” When she brought up her discovery in class, the students thought it was nothing. So she created a post of her own.With a bright green Sharpie, she wrote on a piece of paper in all caps, “Dear Facebook：My 12-year-old students think it is ‘no big deal’ that they are posting pictures of themselves ... Please help me show them how quickly their images can get around.” She put a picture of the letter on her Facebook page and asked people to share it.In hours, it was shared 108 ,000 times across dozens of states and four countries. She deleted it after eight hours, but it continued to spread. “I wanted to show them that it’s on the Internet forever,” she says.As she explained the results of her experiment in class, the students’ “eyes got bigger and bigger,” she says. “It scared a few of them into deleting their pages completely,” she says. Others have removed inappropriate posts and used privacy settings to manage their pages.Her intention wasn’t to scare them off social media bu t to push them to be mindful of what they post. Melissa says, “I tell them, ‘just because everyone else is sharing doesn’t mean you have to.’”At the end of 2014, Melissa Bour, a sixth-grade teacher in Tulsa, Oklahoma, found her students were using social media improperly. In order to warn them of the danger, she posted a picture with some words on it. It spread quickly and remained online even when deleted. She told the students what she did and her efforts were fruitful. (59 words)7 - Parallel LivesMargaret Richardson and Terry Connelly have almost identical taste in clothes, both have four children of more or less the same age, and both were married on exactly the same day. Not surprising, perhaps, Margaret and Terry are identical twins. What is surpri sing is that they didn’t even meet until they were in their mid-thirties.What happens if, like Terry and Margaret, identical twins are separated at birth and brought up in different families? Will their backgrounds make them completely different, or will their shared genes still mean that they have a lot in common? Professor Tom Bouchard from the University of Minnesota, set out to find the answer to this question. He traced more than a hundred pairs of twins who were adopted by different parents at birth, sixty-four of whom were identical twins. Each twin is then tested and interviewed about every detail of their life and personality.It turned out that Margaret and Terry were not unusual. As well as looking very similar, many twins had the same IQ, the same health problems, the same hobbies and interests, the same attitudes and even the same tastes. Several pairs of twins arrived at their first meeting in the same clothes, and one pair of middle-aged women were wearing identical jewellery. Others had made the same career choices：Jerry and Mark Levy first met in their thirties to discover that they were both firefighters, who drank the same kind of beer and weighed exactly the same.Of course, some of this must be coincidence. But Professor Bouchard has come to a remarkable conclusion. Identical twins brought up separately are more similar than non-identical twins brought up together. “I am not saying that upbringing doesn’t matter —it’s very important of course —but this research shows that our genes influence almost every part of our lives：they influence our IQ, our hobbies; our personalities, our political attitudes, our health, even the clothes and food we like.”Margaret Richardson and Terry Connelly are identical twins. Though they were separated at bi rth and didn’t meet until in their mid-thirties, they had a lot in common. Professor Tom Bouchard found through his study that identical twins who grew up separately are more like each other than non-identical twins who grew up together and that genes play a large part. (60 words)8 - They Beat Odds TogetherAFTER A CAR CRASH left 14-year-old Collin Smith unable to walk, doctors told him he had a 20 percent chance of finishing high school. The opportunity to attend college seemed even slimmer. Yet eight years later, Collin earned a bachelor of arts degree in communications from High Point University. Collin had achieved the nearly impossible — with the help of a kind man five decades his senior.Dial back to 2005. Ernest Greene had just moved to the same area that Collin and his parents lived. The families did not know each other. But when Ernest heard about Collin’s accident and the fact that his parents would not be able to care full-time for their son, Ernest says, he felt a calling. “The Lord was leading me to help,” he says. He had time to spare.Ernest approached Collin’s parents with the idea that he look after the boy while they were at work. The Smiths gratefully accepted. Collin, now 23 , says it was hard for him to understand then “how someone I didn’t know would drop everything to help me.”Ernest sought training to care for Collin and then began arriving at the Smiths’ home early on weekday mornings. He would help Collin get out of bed, wash, and dress. He would help him have breakfast. Then he’d drive Collin to school. And at 3 p.m., every day, Ernest would drive back to pick him up. Then, while the two waited for one of Collin’s parents to get home, “we played a lot of Monopoly,” says Ernest with a laugh.Collin graduated from high school with the rest of his class and was accepted to nearby High Point. Ernest accompanied him to every class. “The first year was interesting,” Ernest recalls. “Collin didn’t want to stick out.” Ernest, on the other hand, says he took full advantage of the opportunity, taking down notes and often commenting in class.Collin Smith lost his ability to walk at 14 after a car accident. When Ernest Greene, 64 then, heard about that, he offered to help him. He looked after the boy, sent him to school and picked him up after school. Thanks to Ernest, Collin graduated from high school and was admitted to a nearby college. (56 words)9- What I Think of Boxing as a SportBoxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently cover boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it appealing because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can identify with the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggression from time to time, but they cannot show their aggression in their everyday lives. Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.However, there is a negative side to boxing. It can be a very dangerous sport. Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers even have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accidents in both professional and amateur boxing, sometimes with dramatic consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring. Furthermore, studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing, in the form of serious brain damage, even if a boxer has never been knocked out.To conclude, I am personally not at all in favour of aggressive sports like boxing. I think it would be better if less time was given to aggressive sports on TV, and we celebrated more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already! Of course, people like competitive sports, and so do I, but I think that hitting other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.Some people love boxing because it is an aggressive sport, which echoes with the feelings of aggression they have. But boxing is also a dangerous sport, not only because boxers are very likely to be injured or even killed, but also because there might be potential brain damage. Personally, the writer doesn’t like boxing and appeals for non-aggressive sports. (59 words)。
2022届高考英语写作之概要写作三篇
一Photographs of our traveling adventures seem unrealistic to me now, after two years of lockdown. But it suits me fine. I’m the homebody and my husband is the adventurous one.“Where do you want to go after Omicron?” Roger asks, iPad in hand.Long pause. “How about a resort town only two hours’ drive away?”I can tell by the look on Roger’s face that he was researching destinations maybe a bit further from home.I don’t h ate travel. I enjoy hearing about the history of a country from people who live there and love the place with all their hearts. Meeting people in other countries offers insight into lives that are so different to mine.What I dislike about travel is being a tourist. That awful creature trampling (踩踏) around the columns (柱子) of the Parthenon, wearing down the stone steps of Angkor Wat and complaining that the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are not as colorful as the photographs on Trip Advisor.The guides I meet worldwide are kind. They study tourism in university. They are knowledgeable about history and culture. “Don’t wear your rings here, Madam. No jewelry.” “Don’t pay so much for that scarf, Madam.” They would take us by the arm to get us across busy streets as if we were naive (天真的) children. But depending on someone else so far away from home gives a feeling of insecurity.Traveling contributed to more serious plastic pollution. No recycling program can keep up with the crest (浪尖) of plastic on every wave. Don’t feel bad, people assured (使确信) me, you are boosting the local economy. Many countries depend on tourist dollars.Do they? Are they really better off? When receiving a massage (按摩) in Thailand, I was asked how much my bathing suit cost. It is a Spee do. “Eighty Canadian dollars.”I gave her $6, plus a tip, for a 90-minute massage. In Canada, she would get more than the price of my bathing suit for the same labor. I am increasingly uncomfortable with the inequity (不公平). During the weeks and months before the vaccines (疫苗), when planes were grounded and ocean liners (邮轮) were docked (停靠码头), the planet took a deep breath. I am encouraged by conversations with travelers who are sharing better ways of exploring this planet. When we travel once again, it will be with a better understanding for humans who suffered losses greater than ours. COVID-19 proved to be the worst tourist ever. It made a mess and refused to pay its bill. The world has been patient and allowed a late checkout, but housekeeping needs to clean the room. Everybody’s waiting.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words._____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________参考答案The conversation between my husband and me made me think deeply about traveling. I don’t hate travel; what I hate is being one of the tourists who damage tourist attractions and pollute the environment. The feeling of insecurity is also a problem. COVID-19 caused a lot of damage and paused the tourism industry. However, it has also allowed the whole planet to take a break and us to reflect on travel. We await the end of COVID-19 and a better world.二Why are people taking pictures of their faces, their hobbies and their food? Why do we capture every single moment? I can’t really give you an answer, because honestly, I am one of those people who take photographs of everything.The special thing about photography is that we can capture moments anywhere and anytime. All we need for this is our smartphone – something that rarely leaves our side.Compared to other forms of visual (视觉的) art, you don’t need any special talent for it. Every single one of us can get started with this wonderful hobby, no matter if your goal is to sell your photographs or just to keep them for your own viewing pleasure.Every picture you take is a personal story. There is no painting without context (背景). However, unlike a painting, you don’t need to spend hours of your time on it. It is a way to express yourself, with little to no skill involved.If you prefer to share your pictures with the world, you can also get immediate feedback (反馈). Camera phones allow us to upload our pictures in a few seconds. Pictures connect and show the people around us what is going on in our life right now.The most amazing thing for me is without question the ability to capture every single moment in my life with just a single click of a button (按钮). This enables me to remember every experience as it happens. It’s crazy how the emotions of one single picture can throw you back in time. We can connect to our past, no matter where we are and preserve those memories that are most meaningful to us.Photography is also an amazing tool to appreciate the world around us and to stay in the moment. There is more to this hobby than “just taking pictures”. It is a way to express yo ur feelings, your drives (渴望) and also yourself. Photography is art, and it allows each of us to become an artist. Embrace your artsy (有艺术气息的) side, and take a picture of your next adventure! You won’t regret it, I promise.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words._____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：I love photography. It’s more than a hobby; it’s art. It enables us to capture everythi ng we see and our experience without a need to learn special skills. We can upload pictures and share them with the world. Photography allows us to appreciate the world and express our feelings. I suggest you take pictures while on your next adventure.三I am not sure how many years ago it was, but I still had a cassette player (盒式磁带放录机) at the time. I had a lot of housework. I was tired of television and was in the mood for music. I pulled out one of my favorite cassettes. It started to play but before long the music stopped. I opened the player and saw the tape in the cassette was all pulled out and twisted (扭曲的). I tried to fix it, but it was already broken beyond repair. I frowned. I didn’t want to risk another of my cassettes with a tape-eating machine, but I really wanted some music.Then I noticed my ancient record player in the corner. I walked over and dusted it off. I pulled out an old record of my mom’s that my Dad had given me after she died. I turned on the record player and gently put the record on the turntable (唱机上的转盘). “Pop (砰)!” “Crack (噼啪声)!” went the record for a second as I put the needle (唱针) down. Then a beautiful melody from my childhood started to play. I smiled and started to do my housework. The sweet songs I grew up on touched my soul. I felt the music coming out of me. I started to sing, letting my weak voice join in joyously with the music. I even dared to dance a little while I did the dishes. I smiled and laughed. My heart was filled with happiness. And at that moment I could feel the joy of the universe all around me. “This is how life is supposed to be!”These days all my music is on CDs. My daughter says I am behind the times. She says I should buy a cellphone and download all the music I want. But instead, I think I will dust off those old records again, put them on that record player and start to sing along.We all have music within us just waiting to get out. Don’t let your music die within you then. Share your song with the world. And don’t forget to dance a little too.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：I once used my cassette player to listen to music, but stopped using it after it started eating my tapes. I then found an old record player, allowing me to listen to my records with joy. Now my music is on CDs, but my daughter thinks they are out of fashion. We all have music inside us. However you listen, don’t let the music stop.。
高考英语写作素材之概要写作一
一On June 28, my parents celebrated 70 years of marriage.Mom and Dad live in Calverton. They have been through years of hard work and good times, always supporting each other.As a child, I remember my parents working side by side for spring, fall, winter, and summer cleaning or working in the yard, or painting, and wallpapering.My parents bought a house in Elmont. They never believed they’d be able to own their own home, and to them, it was their castle. They worked hard to decorate it and kept it looking beautiful. They taught us to work hard and to appreciate everything we had.Mom likes everything –sightseeing, clubs, anything, and everything. Dad, even today, can’t understand why she always wants to go out!Mom is still active with the Red Hatters women’s group and her gardening club. Dad spoils her by taking care of the house, but also watches a lot of baseball and does jigsaw puzzles (拼图游戏). The key to their successful marriage is that they respect each other.With the help of my brother, they also stay current with new technology. Their latest acquisition is an iPad.My brother, who is 67, and I (now 69), have always known we are lucky to have such great parents. They have shown us what love is, what hard work is, and what respect is all about.My daughter and I try to see them almost every weekend when we play cards together and catch up on the week’s news.My parents are the glue that holds our whole family together, making holidays and ordinary days special to us all.I know we are lucky to have them both, I even save all of their voice-mail messages, just so I’ll have their voice to hear when eventually they are not here. But Mom keeps telling us all she’s definitely (绝对地) going to live to be 100. So we will have a few more holidays, birthdays, and memories to experience.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考范文：My parents just celebrated 70 years of marriage. They’ve respected and supported each other for a very long time. They bring our whole family closer and we always have a good time together. They taught us valuable life lessons – gratitude, love and respect. We are lucky to have such great parents。
高考英语概要写作集锦20篇
概要写作1 EnvyIt’s a familiar but uncomfortable feeling. Your best friend will marry a handsome doctor, and the congratulatory hug you offer lacks genuine warmth. Your friend is made the team for Saturday’s big game, and you take a certain pleasure in telling him you can’t be there to watch him play. You smile but a voice in your head asks, why them and not you?Envy is a shortcoming of character we like to keep in our heart secretly. How shameful is it not to be looking forward with delight to your day as your best friend's bridesmaid! Who would hope your friend might suffer some injury, so you can take his place on the team?Envy is everywhere. It seems to be in our nature to hate others' gifts and good fortune, especially if we see them as advantages they shouldn't have.Envy raises its ugly head when we focus on what we want but we don’t possess now. Worse still, we may even wish for and take pleasure in someone's losing what we have always desired. When you compare yourself and your life unfavorably with your friend or your colleague, you can only keep your darker emotions.So is there a solution? Is there anything you can do to get rid of this most ungenerous emotion?Well, why not make envy the motivation you need for self-improvement? The best weap on against envy is not to compete where you can’t shine, but to do your absolute best where you can.Start by making peace with yourself, and accept the gifts which make you unique. Make a n agreement with yourself to be the best you can be. Then find the qualities in others thatcause your envy. Is it someone’s singing voice, their work promotion, their new car? Envy shows us the things we’d like to have. So, make a plan to earn what's important to you.And aim for genuine pleasure in the achievements and good fortune of others. Cheer on your friend when he scores that goal. Enjoy your best friend’s wedding day. Then go out and do something special, and make yourself wonderfully proud of you.参考答案Envy is a common but unpleasant feeling, which is a secret hidden in our heart. This nature usually arises when we can't get what we want and even take delight in others' losing it. To avoid this negative feeling, firstly try to transform envy into the motivation to improve ourselves. Besides, accept your unique talents gladly. Finally, appreciate others' achievements sincerely.概要写作2 Water shortageUsing too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving a road can lead to less useable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages. Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference, too. In the United States, a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live, but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with, use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.参考答案Human activities, such as wasting water, polluting rivers and constructing roads, can partly lead to water shortage. Meanwhile, drier climates are another cause of insufficient water supply. Hopefully, if you take action to use water smartly/wisely in your daily life, say, using the same glass of water, maximizing the efficiency of dishwashers, helping repair leaks and recycling batteries, you can still make a significant difference.概要写作3 SneezeMany people are used to saying “bless you” or “gesundheit” when someone sneezes. No one says anything when someone coughs or blows their nose, so why do sneezes get special treatment?The phrase “God bless you” belongs to Pope Gregory the Great, who voiced it in the sixth century during a bubonic plague epidemic (黑死病泛滥时期) (sneezing is an obvious symptom of one form of the plague). The term “gesundheit” comes fromGermany,and it literally means “health”. The idea is that a sneeze typically occurs before illness.Actually every country around the globe has its own way of wishing sneezers well. People in Arabic countries say “alhamdulillah” which means “praise to be God”. Hindus say “Live!” or “Live well!” Some countries have special sneezing responses to children. InRussia, they are also told “rostibolshoi” (“grow big”) after children are given the traditional response “bud zdorov” (“be healthy”).For the most part, the various sneeze responses originated from ancient superstitions (迷信). Some people believed that a sneeze causes the soul to escape the body through the nose. Saying “bless you” would stop the devil from taking the person’s soul. Others believed the opposite: evil spirits use the sneeze as an opportunity to enter a perso n’s body. There was also the misunderstanding that the heart temporarily stops during a sneeze (it doesn’t), and saying “bless you” is a way of welcoming the person back to life.We now know that sneezing is a reflex action and is most often the sign of something relatively benign (良性的), such as a cold or allergy (过敏). A sneeze also can be caused by being outside in the sunlight or from smelling a strong smell. Still, we keep the custom of saying “bless you” or “gesundheit”, mainly out of habit and common kindness.参考答案People usual ly say “bless you” after they sneeze, as sneezing was considered one of the typical features of the plague. Many countries have their unique custom of wishing good health in response to sneezing. Most practices have their origin from ancient superstitions. Now sneezing is known as merely an indication of a minor sickness and a response to outside stimulations, yet we keep the custom, mainly out of habit and politeness.概要写作4 Taking a showerTAKING a shower is relaxing. You can hum a song, daydream or think about nothing, leaving the real world behind you. But did you know that showering can also benefit your mind?A piece of research by Scott Barry Kaufman, a psychologist from Yale University in the US interviewed over 3,000 people around the world. It turned out that nearly two-thirds of the interviewees said they had experienced new ideas in the shower and were more likely to have them in the shower than at work.So why does a simple shower have such magic power? Science can explain it.Showering can help to raise our level of dopamine, a hormone closely related to our creativity. “People vary in terms of their level of creativity according to the activity of dopamin e”, explained Alice Flaherty, a renowned American neuroscientist. “Taking a warm shower can make us feel relaxed and therefore make the dopamine level rise and bring the “Aha!” moment to us.”Besides the chemical changes, showering may give you a break from what you feel you have been stuck with. Especially when you have thought hard all day about a problem, jumping into the shower can keep you from the outside world so that you can focus on your inner feelings and memories. In this way, according to American psychologist Shelley H. Carson, author of Your Creative Brain, “a showering hour may turn into an ‘incubation (孵化) period’ for your ideas”.Compared with sitting in front of a computer, taking a shower is something we do less frequently in our daily lives. When showering, we get a fresh experience with the change of location, temperature and humidity. “New and unexpected experiences canlead to positive changes in thinking,“ explained Kaufman. “Getting off the couch and jumping in the shower may create a distance and force you to think from a new point of view”.Showering allows us to enjoy the creative juices of our minds, which makes the bathroom an alternative where you get your inspiration. So next time you consider ways to free your mind, count it in.参考答案Showering can relax your body and free your mind as well. First, relaxation in the shower helps raise the level of dopamine and bring new ideas. Second, showering provides a new, unexpected and fresh experience that can result in positive changes, making it possible to stop thinking about what you are stuck with. Besides, showering can make us think from a new point of view with the change of location, temperature and humidity.概要写作5 ShopaholicsTV. The Internet. The mall. Everywhere we look, we see advertisements that urge us to buy. In today’s consumer society, we are under constant pressure to shop. Of course, most people only buy what they need and what they can afford. However, there are some people, called shopaholics, who can’t control th eir desire to spend money and buy things. This kind of addictive behavior can lead large financial problems, family conflict, and deep unhappiness.What are the symptoms of a shopaholic? People with this problem often spend hours and hours shopping on the Internet or at the mall. Their closets are full of clothing andjewelry that they have never worn, with the price tags still on them. Their homes may be packed with shopping bags and boxes that they bought but never used. Many shopaholics are aware of the ir own problems, but when they go to a store, they simply can’t resist the urge to buy. Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic(阁楼), where others won’t see them.Psychologists suggest there are several reasons for a shopping addiction. For some people, it is a way of relieving stress. For others, shopping is a way to fight loneliness or depression. For people with low self-esteem, shopping can be a way that they prove their self-worth. Sometimes the problem develops out of boredom. It becomes a replacement for other hobbies and interests, and it helps pass the time. Although shopping can temporarily make people feel good, they often experience feelings of shame and guilt later.When shopping habits get out of control, people need professional help. They can either see a counselor(顾问) or join an organization such as Shopaholics Anonymous. Groups like this try to help people understand the reasons for their addiction and learn how to control the urge to shop. Their goal is to help people find ways to fulfill themselves that do not lead to serious debt and troubled lives.参考答案Shopaholics refer to those who are addicted to shopping whether they need something or whether they can afford something. There are several symptoms of shopaholics. They spend too much time shopping and can’t re sist the desire to buy things, many of which are even never used. Shopaholics do so for different reasons, such as reducing stress, fighting loneliness or depression, proving self-worth, killing boredom or time and so on.Anyhow, professional help is available if necessary.概要写作6 Punishing childrenPunishing children is a controversial topic. Everybody has different opinions about how to act to correct a child’s behavior. Parents, teachers, doctors, and specialists like psychologists, have disagreements about whether it is g ood for a child’s education to punish him.The word “punish” means different things to different people. Punishment can be physical or emotional. Physical punishment is when the parent hits, slaps or spanks the child.On the other hand, emotional punishment is when the parent, in order to educate the child, doesn’t let him watch TV, go to play with his friends, or do things like that. The parents doesn’t teach him, but still he punishes the child.Although many surveys and studies have been made about what the correct way is to raise a child, nobody has the answer or the truth. I think it will be very difficult to find the answer or get people to agree.I think parents should love their child and give him the best education, but at the same time, they should punish the child if he deserves it. I think if you love your child, you should be rational when you apply the punishment. It should be reasonable but strict.The parent’s goal is to have in the future a good man or woman in society, so sometimes you should do what is necessary to get your child to behave well.参考答案People have mixed opinions towards punishment to children. (要点1) Punishmentcan be physical or emotional, but the way they are punished is the key problem. (要点2) As a matter of fact, it is difficult to find the correct way to raise a child. (要点3) Proper punishment can be instructive and necessary to children if it is reasonable and strict. But love and education are the most important for us to make our kids behave well. (要点4)概要写作7 Second childMany couples who already have one healthy, happy child, are facing a dilemma, that is, the issue of whether to have a second child or not. They have hard jobs and limited time and money, but they want to make sure that their only child does not become a lonely child. So, what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a second child? That is what so many couples are very much concerned about and eager to understand.One popular saying is that one child means a lonely child. That’s why many single-child parents plan to have a second child. They feel guilty about their decision to have only one child, because there are no other children in the family for their only child to play with, which may make the child feel lonely at times, especially during vacations.Another common argument against having just one child is that an only child may be more spoiled than one with brothers or sisters. If one couple had only one child, the child could not learn to share things with others and are less capable of getting along well with other children than one who grows up with brothers or sisters.However, in many parts of the world, more and more parents are still choosing not to have a second child because they argue that there are advantages for the child as well as the parents. With just one child, they suggest, there is little chance of family arguments concerned with children. Besides, as an only child in the family, the child can receivemore quality time and attention. This often leads to increased self-respect and independence, which can lead to the child being more confident.Unluckily, there is no simple answer to the question of whether or not to have a second child. Every family is different, and what is proper for one family may not be for another. The important thing, in the end, is to make a decision that both you and your spouse (配偶) feel confident about.参考答案Whether or not to have a second child has put many couples in a dilemma. Some supporters think one child means a lonely and spoiled child. With siblings, children can learn to share and get on well with others. However, some opponents argue that an only child will get more quality time and attention while causing fewer arguments. Still, there is no easy answer to the issue. It’s up to the couple to make a proper decision about it.概要写作8 Public transportationThere are many benefits of public transportation. For example, public transportation makes it easier for people to get where they want and need to go. It also helps people save money, as the cost of maintaining a working vehicle is often much more than the cost associated with public transportation. The frequency of traffic jams and accidents may also be reduced when a person uses public transportation.One of the main benefits of public transportation is the fact that it makes it easier for people to get around. Without public transportation, many people —especially those without cars — would be limited in where they could go and what they could do. With public transportation, however, people can get to school and work, get to the grocerystore and to doctors’ offices, and visit relatives, even if they do not own vehicles. Public transportation serves people of all ages and from all walks of life, ranging from families, including their children, to business people on their way to the office, to the elderly.Often, people complain about the cost of public transportation when the rates are raised. When compared to the cost of buying a car, many people find that choosing to ride public transportation is a much cheaper option.When public transportation is available, many people choose to use it instead of driving to work and school. This is true even of many people who own cars, as they may prefer to ride to work on a bus or train rather than deal with traffic jams and parking frustrations each day. When people make this choice, the result is less traffic on the roadways, which means fewer traffic jams and less pollution. In fact, the choice many people make to ride public transportation may even translate into fewer car accidents and vehicle-related deaths and injuries. Additionally, the use of public transportation also means less gas is consumed each year.参考答案People can benefit a lot from public transportation. (要点1)First, it enables people to go wherever they want or need to go. (要点2)Secondly, by taking public transportation, people may save a large amount of money. (要点3) Moreover, it may help reduce many traffic jams and accidents. (要点4) Finally, the use of transportation is also an efficient way to decrease the consumption of gas. (要点5)概要写作9 Teenagers hearing loss problemOne billion teenagers and young adults around the world risk losing their hearing bylistening to loud music. This is according to the World Health Organization. The U.N. agency is asking young people to turn down the volume to prevent irreversible damage to their hearing.Few things get the blood pumping like good music. Many people believe louder is better if you are listening to rock and roll.But experiencing really loud music, even really good music, can have a serious effect on your hearing.Dr. Shelley Chadha is a specialist on hearing damage for the World Health Organization. Dr. Chadha says that the cells we use to hear, called sensory cells, can be permanently damaged by loud sounds that happen over a long period of time, or are prolonged, and happen regularly, or are habitual."When this exposure is particularly loud or prolonged or habitual, the sensory cells are damaged permanently leading to irreversible hearing loss."Studies in middle-and high-income countries show nearly 50 percent of teenagers and young adults aged 12 to 35 years listen to unsafe levels of sound. They are listening on their personal audio devices as well as at concerts, night clubs and other entertainment places.But what is an unsafe level of sound?The WHO says there can be many kinds of unsafe levels of sound. It depends on how loud the sound is and how long you listen to it. Unsafe can mean noise levels of 85 decibels for eight hours a day or 100 decibels for just 15 minutes.Dr. Chadha told VOA when the intensity of sound increases by only three decibels, safe listening time goes down by half."If a person takes a subway to go from one place to the other for half an hour in the morning and a half an hour in the evening, and every day has to turn up the volume on his device because there is so much of noise of the train and everything around, and is listening to - let us say 100 db (decibels) for one hour every day, his hearing is going to get irreversibly damaged in a few years, in a couple of years time, for sure."Simple ways to prevent irreversible hearing loss.Dr. Chadha says there are simple measures to protect people from unsafe sound levels. She says young people who wear earplugs during concerts can enjoy music at 90 decibels as much as they can at 110 decibels. But she admits that earplugs may not look very cool."The fact that earplugs may look un-cool may be true today, but if there is a change in behavior that may not necessarily be true in the future and wearing earplugs may actually be cool."A common sense suggestion is to turn down the volume on your personal audio devices. The WHO also advises young people to limit their use of such devices to less than one hour a day. It reminds people to use their technology to stay safe. Smart phone apps can help to monitor safe listening levels.参考答案Nowadays, many young people risk losing their hearing due to loud music according to the WHO. The reason is that their sensory cells can be incurably damaged while listening to unsafe levels of sound. Thus, young people should be aware of this and change their behaviors. They are advised to control the volume and limit the time when using the audio devices. Besides, apps can be used to monitor the process.概要写作10 English weatherHow can you start a conversation with an English person? The answer is quite simple. Many people will tell you that any English conversation begins with The Weather. Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnson’s famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators (评论员) fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather-speak.Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not all at all exciting, the obsession (痴迷) with it can hardly be understood. He argues that “To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive. Bryson is wrong, he says, because the English preference for the weather is not about the natural phenomena at all. “The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the English. Both commentators, somehow, are missing the point. The English weather conversation has nothing to do with the weather. English weather-speak is a system of signs, which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations startingwith weather-speak are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings conversation starters or the blank “fillers”. In other words, English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.参考答案Many commentators can’t explain why English talks start with weather. Bill Bryson says it is hard to understand the preference for boring British weather. However, Jeremy Paxman argues the uncertain weather is fascinating. Actually, such conversations stand for social greetings, talk starters or the blank “fillers” and as a system of signs, English weather-speak plays the role of promoting social connection.概要写作11 reduce carbon footprintThe Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator.(发电机).The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity ---- roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will be given meal tickets worth $36 once they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones attached to the handlebars measuring how much power is being generated for the hotel.The plan, a world-first, will start on 19April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Rederikke Toemmergaard, hotel spokeswoman, said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There might be people who will cycle just to get a free meal, but generally I don’t think people will takeadvantage of our program.”Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world, according to the website visitcopenhagen.dk. US environmental website recently voted Copenhagen the wor ld’s best city for cyclists. “Because Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well as a symbol of the hotel’s green profile (形象).”If successful, the electric bicycle meal program will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.参考答案In Copenhagen a hotel is holding a program where any health-conscious guest is given a free meal by cycling to produce electricity. The program, lasting for one year, is to help people healthy and decrease carbon output. Because Copenhagen has one of the world’s highest rates of people cycling to work, the bicycle serves well to promote environmental concept. All Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK will hold the program if it goes smoothly概要写作12 Sports stars’ high payAs is known to all, sports stars earn large amounts of money every year. LeBron James, the famous American basketball star, for instance, earns an income of more than 20 million dollars a year. Some people hold the view that these stars do not deserve the high pay that they are getting. Some even argue that sports stars do nothing to society apart from entertaining people. Their contributions to society are much less than thosemade by doctors, firemen, scientists, professors, ect. But I can never agree with that. While sports are for entertainment, it does not mean that they are not important to people’s life. Why do so many people go to see football matches and NBA games？It is because they enjoy the games, and they are willing to pay to watch the performances. Because of the sports stars, our life becomes more exciting. Some sports stars gain honor for their country, and their countrymen are proud of them. They contribute to the spiritual well-being of their people.What’s more, sports stars usu ally are at the top of level in their fields. In this world, you have to pay if you want the best. It is the same with sports. Skills in sports are like the skills in works of art. People will not say that Da Vinci’s painting Mona Lisa was bought for too much money. Most stars are skilled in their own field not only because of their talents but also because of their hard training. They have to keep performing at their peak to earn that good income.Their influence on the national economy can not be overlooked. Take NBA in America for example, the stars help to support not only the basketball industry, but also other related industries like sportswear and sport equipment. Sports stars also make constant appearance in advertisements. Since they are well known in the world, they attract many people’s attention, which often leads to an immediate boom in the sales of the products that are advertised by them. I hope one day their accomplishments will be fully recognized.参考范文Different from some people's views, the writer believes sports stars' pay is not too high but reasonable. First, sports stars' performance brings people excitement and。
【上海高考概要写作】summarywriting4(10篇,有解析)
Exercise 1College pays off financially. A wide range of statistics shows the economic advantage of a four- year college education. Over a lifetime, students who graduate from college can expect to make about 60% more than those who do not, well over a million dollars more than they would otherwise. But what about the benefits of college that are more difficult to measure? They are equally significant and add up to a lot of value over the course of a lifetime：College takes students to places they 've never been to before. College is a passport to diffe places, different times, and different ways of thinking —from learning new languages to considering the development of human history to diving deep into the building blocks of matter.It gives students a chance to understand themselves differently, seeing how their lives are both like and unlike those who populated other eras时（代））and other lands.College introduces students to people they've never met before. One of the most important ways in which students learn, at colleges and universities everywhere, is by interacting with people who are different from themselves both inside and outside the classroom. Students learn more at a place full of engaging people with a wide range of viewpoints.In these ways and in so many others, college helps students see themselves differently, giving them the room and the license to imagine new possibilities. Yes, it opens opportunities reflected in earning and employment statistics. But, perhaps even more valuable, it opens minds and worlds in ways that are beyond measurement. The value of higher education is symbolized by people who dream bigger and achieve more, who create their own futures and shape their own futures.参考答案：According to statistics，college makes a great difference to students ' 要ea1rn） iwngh ipleo iwt er,（also contributes to other valuable aspects beyond assessmenti n life.（要点2） Firstly, college motivates students s'el f-realization through various learning activities.（要点3） Secondly, it shapes students d'iv erse perspectives by encouraging them to communicate with different people.（要点4） In short, not only does college provide financial opportunities ，but it opens up new possibilities.（要点5）分析过程：试题详解：1，核心内容——本文是一篇议论文，全文共分四段。
上海高考英语二轮专题：概要写作
概要写作1．Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then write an English summary within 60 words in your own words according to the passage given below.Say ThanksIf writing thank-you letters is a task you readily dismiss, you aren’t alone. However, saying thanks could be the best gift you can give, to yourself and others.The benefits of gratitude have long been championed in philosophical thinking. In recent years, the science has been catching up: it shows that people who feel most grateful generally get a psychological boost (促进) as a result. They also have greater life satisfaction, fewer visits to the doctor and better sleep. This has led to gratitude being a part of our culture, inspiring an explosion of gratitude journals, in which you record things you are thankful for. It has also led to renewed interest in the neuroscience and psychology of gratitude.However, the benefits of actually expressing this gratitude have received less attention. Now evidence is piling up that shows turning our inner gratitude into action can make our lives even better.For instance, a simple thank you can build relationships, even with strangers. Take people who have received a note of thanks for something they have done from a peer they don’t know. They are more likely to share their contact details with that person in an attempt to continue the relationship than people who receive a note that doesn’t contain thanks. A simple thank you seems to signal interpersonal warmth.But the benefits go further than just strengthening social relationships, they can have an impact on health, too. A study of more than 200 nurses working in two Italian hospitals found that gratitude expressed by patients could protect nurses from burnout. That was especially so in the emergency room, where personal interactions with patients are typically shorter and less rewarding. This positive feedback from patients reduced feelings of exhaustion among nurses, says Mara Martini at the University of Turin, who carried out the work.2．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Hugging’s Evolutionary OriginsAfter long stretches of social isolation, many of us are longing for the warmth of a hug. Degges-White, a professor focused on social relationships, says that our need for a hug goes all the way back to the survival of our species. When we’re born, we can’t care for ourselves and we need to be comfortable with being held in order to survive. We’re rewarded with a rush offeel-good hormones that come from a nice embrace.When we hug, our brains release the oxytocin hormone, making us feel connected. This connection and sense of community has an important evolutionary role because for humans, the security of our small groups and later communities was crucial to survival. Close contact helped build civilization. We may not know what we are getting from greeting our friends and family with a hug; we just enjoy it. It isn’t until those experiences are taken away that we feel pain and sadness. An elbow bump or air greeting are not enough. Research published in the journal Psychological Science has shown that hugging has a “stress cushioning” effect that may even protect us from chronic illness and infections.When children don’t experience healthy touch, it can impact their development. Kids who didn’t grow up being held, miss out on that sense of safety and protection. They may act out or isolate themselves from those around them. In some cases, the opposite may also be true. Some children may show too much affection, eager for any form of positive attention that they didn’t get at home.Still, to hug or not to hug? That’s the question right now. According to Degges-White, if you’re both vaccinated, go for it; research has shown that the risk of transmission is extremely low. And if you’re vaccinated but you don’t know for sure whether the person you’re hugging has also been vaccinated, it’s still most likely safe.3．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Working Out Worries by WritingAfter his father was driven to the hospital for emergent treatment, 43-year-old Yanatha Desouvre began to panic. So, he did one thing that he knew would calm himself: He wrote. Over the next few weeks, Desouvre filled several notebooks, writing about his worry as well as his happy memories with his dad. “Writing allowed me to face my fear and process my pain,” he says. Psychologists refer to that kind of writing as “expressive writing”. People do it by recording theirdeepest thoughts and feelings. However, different from writing in a journal, expressive writing is to reflect honestly and thoughtfully on a particular frustration or challenge.A well-known psychology professor says that hundreds of studies have looked at the potential benefits of expressive writing and found it can help reduce pain and improve mood, sleep and memory. It may even help reduce symptoms of various illnesses, and prevent colds and flu.Expressive writing takes effect because translating a painful experience into language allows people to make meaning out of it, some experts say. The process forces them to organize their thoughts and offers a sense of control, thus completing the pursuit of value from such an experience. Another research suggested that during expressive writing, the act of labeling a feeling can lessen the activity relating to nerves in the threat area of the brain. With these nerves relaxed, people can lower the symptoms of their diseases, enhance their appreciation for life, and increase the acceptance of various experiences in their lives.What can’t be ignored is that it shouldn’t be used as a replacement for other medical treatments. And people coping with a severe depression may not find it useful to do on their own, without therapy. Yet, it can be a powerful coping tool for many, in large part because it helps battle against their reluctance to face negative emotions.4．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Teamwork Doubles the StrengthTeamwork is really important for any class or team to achieve its goals and objectives. Let me give you three reasons why teamwork is advantageous.As individuals, we possess diverse talents, strengths, weaknesses and experiences. A team is like a blanket that weaves what each of us possesses, resulting in an end product that is diverse yet similar. As team members exchange thoughts and experiences, there can be more efficiency and effectiveness at problem-solving. This pooling of talents can also lead to greater innovation and success.Take Leicester City, for example. It won the Premier League in 2016, to the disbelief of many soccer fans. Leicester City, previously regarded as the underdog in the League, displayed surprisingly impressive teamwork that led to its unbelievable victory in soccer history.Next, teamwork helps to increase efficiency and productivity as members share the workload.It reduces the stress on each of us and ensures the completion of tasks within the regulated time frame. When work is distributed and each of us in a team specializes in specific tasks, we can expect greater job satisfaction.And finally, working in a team multiplies learning opportunities. Team members learn from more experienced members who may offer deeper insights and perspectives. Newer members may also contribute new and brave ideas. Besides encouraging the sharing of knowledge and experiences, teamwork also develops soft skills like communication and interpersonal skills. We learn to respect differences in working styles and opinions, and develop trust when working with others.Some may think that working in isolation is more efficient since more time is taken when cooperating with others. For more talented individuals, working alone means being the star of a project — there’s no need to share the success or glory with others. But, the loss of cooperativity that only team effort can generate may also prevent the team from reaching its fullest potential._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________5．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.Secrets of the ginkgo treeNew research into an incredibly long-lived tree has revealed some of the tricks that help it survive for thousands of years. The ginkgo is a huge, slow-growing tree with fan-shaped leaves, native to China, but planted in parks and gardens across the world. Some of the largest ginkgoes are said to be more than 3,000 years old.In order to discover how these and other trees can live for so long, scientists from the US and China took samples from 34 healthy ginkgoes of various ages. The team studied growth rings in each tree’s trunk, as well as individual cells from the bark (树皮), leaves and seeds. They foundthat 600-year-old trees were just as healthy as 20-year-olds.To learn more, the team then looked in detail at the DNA of nine trees aged between three and 667 years old. At the beginning of a tree’s life, DNA instructs the cells in a seedling (幼苗) to divide frequently so the tree grows rapidly. The cells also make special chemicals to help the young plant survive stressful situations, such as disease and lack of water. As most trees grow older and tougher, their DNA tells the cells to divide more slowly and to make fewer chemical defences.Ginkgoes, however, do things differently. The team found that although their growth eventually slows, both young and old trees make protective chemicals. The secret is maintaining a really healthy defence system. As ginkgoes age, they show no evidence of weakening their ability to defend themselves from stresses. Other trees that live for a long time may have the same ability.For all their defences, though, ginkgoes cannot live forever—they eventually meet with fatal accidents such as fire, disease and storms. While they last, however, these leafy giants are some of the most beautiful trees in the world._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________6．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.We don’t choose our siblings the way we choose our partners and friends. Of course, we don’t choose our parents either, but they usually make that up to us by accompanying us on the way to adulthood. Brothers and sisters are just sort of there. And yet, when it comes to our development, they can be more influential than parents.Whether these relationships make our life better or worse is a more complicated question. On the upside, positive interactions with siblings during adolescence foster empathy, prosocial behavior, and academic achievement. However, when a sibling relationship is bad, it can be really bad. Tense sibling relationships make people more likely to be depressed and anxious in adolescence. Moreover, sibling bullying makes a kid involved in self-harm as a teen and developmental problems in adulthood.Whether a person models himself after his siblings or tries to distinguish himself has particularly important consequences. One study found that siblings who felt positive about each other tended to achieve similar education levels while those who spent unequal time with their dad and got unequal parental treatment had different educational fortunes. That difference is changeable. On the other hand, following your sibling can be a mistake: teenagers are more likely to be involved in risky behavior if an older sibling did so first.One way or another, sibling influence is lasting. A study of more than one million Swedes found that one’s risk of dying of a heart attack multiplies after a sibling dies of one, due not only to shared DNA but also to the stress of losing such a key figure. The findings make sense: Most of us are different people than we’d have been if our brothers or sisters were never born. 7．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Does Zoom exhaust you?During the COVID-19 pandemic, as social distancing has kept people apart physically, more people are logging on to popular video chat platforms to connect with colleagues, family and friends. And as a result, virtual meetings, or “zooming”, have skyrocketed. However, communication professor Jeremy Bailenson, founding director of the Stanford Virtual Human Interaction Lab(VHIL) examined the psychological consequences of spending hours per day on these platforms, warning that those video calls are likely tiring you out.In a normal meeting, people will variously be looking at the speaker, taking notes, or looking elsewhere. But on Zoom calls, everyone is looking at everyone, all the time. A listener is treated nonverbally like a speaker, so even if you don’t speak once in a meeting, you are still looking at faces staring at you. The amount of eye contact is dramatically increased. “Social anxiety of public speaking is one of the biggest fears that exist in our population,” Bailenson said. “When you’re standing up there and everybody’s staring at you, that’s a stressful experience.”Most video platforms show a square of what you look like on camera during a chat, which is unnatural. Bailenson said, “In the real world, if somebody was following you around with a mirror constantly so that you were seeing yourself in a mirror while you were talking to people, making decisions, giving feedback, etc., that would just be crazy.” He cited studies showing that when yousee a reflection of yourself, you are more critical of yourself and there will be negative emotional consequences.Moreover, video chats dramatically reduce our usual mobility.In-person and audio phone conversations allow humans to walk around and move. But with videoconferencing, most cameras have a set field of view, meaning a person has to generally stay in the same spot. Movement is limited in ways that are not natural. “There’s a growing research now that says when people are moving, they’re performing better cognitively,” Bailenson said.8．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Ever walked to the shops only to find, once there, you’ve completely forgotten what you went for? Or struggled to remember the name of an old friend? For years we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of aging as wrinkles and gray hair. But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s — much later than previously thought.Furthermore, rather than losing many brain cells as we age, we keep them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years it’s been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.This continuing research has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s. Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed — how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as problem-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.Neuroscientists are also finding that we are happier with aging. A recent US study foundolder people were much better at controlling and balancing their emotions. It is thought that when we’re younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the world, but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy. 9．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Plan for Domino Effects on Sustainability GoalsClimate change is causing ever-more-extreme events, from storms and droughts to floods and violent windstorms, and these risks interact across many environmental and social systems. A heatwave can spark forest fires, which lead to air pollution. Drought-wrecked harvests can result in food-price unpredictability.Yet these domino effects are barely considered in most countries’ strategies for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. Many countries that are working hard to reach these goals insufficiently consider the impact of extreme weather. Take Germany as an example. Its 2018 strategy on sustainable development runs to 60 pages yet the word ‘disaster’ appears only once. There is no analysis of the consequences of an increase in such events.Although many people are now aware that climate change is making fires, floods, heatwaves and storms more frequent, more severe or both, this knowledge isn’t changing policy or research enough. Part of the problem is perception. Future disasters feel unreal to decision-makers, as we’ve experienced with so many governments’ lack of pandemic preparedness, despite years of warning that something similar to COVID-19 was a case of when, not if. Other obstacles are inadequate national and international governance, and communication challenges. The research community has not yet provided effective guidance.As a consequence, many efforts to achieve the SDGs will, like a house of cards, fall at the first shaking. Our global efforts need to be much more vigorous to the changing and interconnected nature of risk in a warming world.What now? Researchers must create models that are more understandable and useful to policymakers. When possible, SDG targets and indicators should be redesigned to capture weakness to heatwaves, fires, droughts, floods, hurricanes, mudslides and more. And politicians need to be convinced to invest in precautionary measures and adaptation._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________10．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why Is Littering a Surprisingly Big Issue?Compared with the blindingly obvious environmental issues we hear about every day, littering often takes a backseat -- but it’s more pressing than we may think.If you were to throw, say, a banana peel (香蕉皮) out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit --right? Actually, no. A banana peel can take up to two years to decompose (分解), and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of abandoned banana peels, or much worse. An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana, but tin and aluminium cans last up to 100 years, and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles, Styrofoam cups and plastic bags.Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment and its animals for longer, we can’t only measure the severity of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short biodegrading period, more than 120 tons ofcigarette-related litter is abandoned in the UK every day. Similarly, our regular littering here and there has caused the UK’s rat population to increase by 60 million. This suddenly isn’t so mysterious when you consider that since the 1960s our annual littering has increased by an astonishing 500 per cent.It’s not a cheap habit either: UK taxpayers shelve out £500 million in order to keep our streets clean, and when you include our green spaces, that goes up to £1 billion. So, it’s not surprising that if caught fly-tipping you could face a £20,000 fine or even jail time and, if you littered something dangerous, the court could give you five years to serve.To take back our beautiful countryside and cities we need to do more than simply not leavingrubbish where it ought not to be. We need a pride makeover, and we need to truly care more about the world around us._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________参考答案1．Gratitude has long been revered by philosophical thinking, and in recent years the physical and psychological benefits of gratitude have sparked renewed interest in neuroscience and the psychology of gratitude. But now there is growing evidence that gratitude can turn our inner gratitude into action. Not only can it strengthen social relationships and transmit interpersonal warmth, but also it can have an positive impact on our health, which is bound to make our life better.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。
高中英语高考作文之概要写作五篇有答案
一My wife has watched me write, blog and make speeches for a few years now. I’ve encouraged her to do her own video blog (vlog), too, because she is always watching them, but she hasn’t been interested in the spotlight.Now that enough time has passed, she is ready to go for it! Angelika is a great cook, so she is going to do a cooking show where she doesn’t have to be on camera. I am just thrilled that she has found a passion to pursue in a way that works for her.I’m smart enough to step back and let h er go at her own pace (节奏). I know that being there for emotional support or however she needs me is important. Now that my wife will have a studio worthy of her talents and personality, she will only make the kitchen look better.Part of me hopes that I will spend the rest of my life watching and tasting her creations. When you start to express your creative drive, it can be a wonderful ride, a bit of a roller coaster at times, but worth the price of admission. When the love of your life takes the ride with you, and starts to drive, it’s a pretty cool way to travel through life.I am at my best when being creative, whether in front of a keyboard or a live audience. I have always encouraged creative answers to life. There is always more than one right way to do something.Yes, public attention in our social media world has become a marker of success, but it means way more when you are sending a positive message. Helping people enjoy their lives a little more is a big deal.This project will not just make her happy but make us closer. I am aware that this is her project, not mine. I will answer any questions she asks but be careful about offering unwanted advice. What she doesn’t know she will learn. You never want to take that process away from anyone.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案：I encouraged my wife to do a vlog. She decided to do a cooking show, which made me happy for her because she found a passion to pursue. This will deepen our bond. Expres sing one’s creative drive is so cool that I not only do it myself but also encourage other people to do so.二The older I get, the more I learn that our quality of life isn’t dependent on what we’ve been given.Rather, our quality of life is dependent on what we choose to create.Every day, we are creating our life.We are choosing how to spend our time, what words to say out loud and how to care for ourselves.And with all these choices, we are creating our life.Creating a good life requires you to choose how you spend your time well.You should be doing things that give you pleasure or satisfaction. But first, you have to figure out what it is that you enjoy doing.For instance, I enjoy reading, writing and ballroom dancing. On days when I’m able to do at least one of those activities, I feel quite good.However, if my free time gets taken up by serving other people’s interests, I feel frustrated.That is why you have to guard your free time. We all have parts of our day that are spent doing things that we have to do, such as our job or schoolwork.So, our limited free time is precious indeed. But our free time is where we have the opportunity to create our life.As a result, the questions you should be asking yourself every day are these:What kind of day am I creating today? Will I spend my time arguing with others and feeling frustrated? Or, will I do something with my time that I truly enjoy, such as reading a book or going dancing with my friends?We have so many beautiful choices when it comes to spending our free time.The bottom line is this: We choose what kind of life we will live. How we choose to spend our free time is in our hands.Whether we spend our time with kind or unkind people is in our hands. And the choices that we make determine the kind of life that we live.This week, consider whether you’re making the right choices so that you can create a better life for yourself.Make sure you plan your free time carefully.A good life doesn’t just happen –it’s something that we must create.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案：The quality of our life isn’t dependent on what we’ve been given but what we choose to create. By making the right choices and spending our time well, we can create a better life for ourselves.三My neighbor Stu is a car guy. He toys with (摆弄) details and drives his new Range Rover (路虎揽胜) with such pride; it’s like a member of the family. On most days, rain or shine, you can find him working on his car. It’s his thing, and I appreciate it, but it kind of makes me look bad because our SUV has seen much better days.That being said, I’m not a car guy anymore. Still, when Stu looks over his baby, I’ve often been tempted to say, “Next time you’re doing your car, let me know, and I’ll bring mine over.”Well, recently, there was Stu out front next to h is Rover. He said, “Let’s do it now,” so I pulled my classic into his driveway, and we started going at it like it was the first car either of us ever owned.Stu got out the blower (鼓风机), and I followed him with a rag (抹布) and cleaning and conditioning (保养) stuff that I’ve had in the garage. It took us a couple of hours, but the result was a great gift for my wife. Plus, I was now friends with my neighbor.We’ve always had a neighborly relationship. As we talked about cars, music and boats, we bonded. I get him: He likes things that go fast, and I appreciate the rush because I once chased it myself.Finding things in common makes for good relationships, and from that, you can build a friendship. That couple of hours was a great connecting experience.I’ve d ropped off a thank-you note because I want him to know that he has made a difference in my life. My day was better because he extended himself to me.I look forward to seeing how our friendship evolves. We have been there for each other in a couple of neighborhood emergencies, but now there is a deeper connection.You always want to know your neighbors. It’s nice when you can count on others to do the neighborly thing and be there for you when necessary. Knowing that just makes your life a little bit nicer, kind of like my car.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案：My neighbor Stu and I have built a friendship by doing things together. Recently, we worked on our cars together and also had a pleasant talk. It was a great connecting experience, through which we got to know each other better. We have helped each other in several neighborhood emergencies. It’s nice to know that there is someone you can count on when necessary.四A dear friend sent me a letter and handmade card in the mail today. On the outside of the card was a cutout (剪下来的图形) picture of a hummingbird (蜂鸟) in mid-flight. With its wings, it flew deep into a flower. Below it was a quote (引述) by Russian writer Fyodor Dostoyevsky: “The world will be saved by beauty.” I smiled with both my face and heart when I saw it.Looking at it reminded me of all the beauty in this world. I thought about the beautiful, green forested mountains of my home. I thought of the fields of summer wildflowers blessing (祝福) the world with their colors. I thought of the blue oceans that stretched from horizon (地平线) to horizon. I thought of the sunsets in the desert with their deep, rich reds and glorious (灿烂的) golds. I thought of the endless variety of animals: green hummingbirds, white polar bears, red birds, gray wolves and blinking lightning bugs. I thought of the silver moon smiling down from the sky surrounded by a sea of stars.Yet, I knew that it wasn’t the beauty of any of these things that would save the world. It was instead the beauty of human souls filled with light and love. It was these souls so full of love for each other and for this world that would save our planet. It was this love working through people that would make this world the place it was truly meant to be in the end.My friend who sent me the card is one of these people. She, her husband and her family are going through so many struggles right now. Still, she continues to share her love and make this world a better place every single day. She continues to work to save our home by giving it the beauty of her soul. She continues to shine her light with her life. May we all do the same.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案The quote in the handmade card from my friend reminded me of the beauty of the world. It not only reminded me of the natural beauty of the world but also the beautiful human souls filled with love. I think kindness and love among people will save the world and make it a better place.五Paws walk across my keyboard, and my cat Monty nests himself on my lap, unaware of the world beyond our garden fence (栅栏). In these uncertain times of the pandemic, the company of animals is needed more than ever. To the delight of our cats, dogs and all pets in between, staying at home is an opportunity to give them our undivided (一心一意的) attention. In return, they provide us with a much-needed source of joy.Pet ownership (饲养宠物) is well known to help settle anxiety, reduce loneliness and lift moods. Even as we spend an unprecedented (空前的) amount of time in isolation, pets are still acting as gateways (渠道) to building a sense of community as people share pictures of their beloved companions (伙伴) online in an effort to raise spirits.It is in such times that we realize just how much our pets matter as part of the family. As a long-term cat lady, I have never questioned that a pet is a cherished (珍爱的) member of the household. Our pets can be as valuable as our human family members in teaching us about ourselves and how to approach the world. In short, our animals’ love and loyal ty are unique.As such, the death of a pet can feel as sad as that of a close friend or family member. The grief that accompanies it remains something frequently seen as shameful, and many admit to requesting time off work without being honest about why. However, with the loss of a pet comes an emptiness where their unconditional devotion once was, and moments in the day once dedicated to their care become suddenly unoccupied. It is a very real feeling that only provides further proof to their status as family.Vet (兽医) and author James Herriot wrote, “If having a soul means being able to feel love, loyalty and gratitude, animals are better off than a lot of humans.” Pets are an additional member of the family, and now more than ever, they can serve as models for the kind of basic humanity we ought to be extending to a destabilized (不稳定的) world.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案：Pets and their owners mutually need each other. Pets long for their owners’ att ention while their owners enjoy their company. Raising a pet has many benefits, particularly during tough times. Pets lift people’s spirits and make them feel good. Their love and loyalty to their owners make them as important as family members. They show us the humanity that ought to be extended to the world.。
【上海高考概要写作】summarywriting3（10篇,有解析）
【上海高考概要写作】summarywriting3（10篇,有解析）Exercise 1概要写作。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps；for there is a companionship of books as well as of men；and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness；amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.Men often discover their affinity(关系）to each other by the mutual love they have for a book just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog. ” But there is more wisdom in this:“Love me ，love m y book. ” The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them.Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’s minds，ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time has been to sift out(筛选）the badproducts; for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good.The great and good do not die, even in this world. Embalmed in books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice. It is an intellect to which one still listens.参考范文：People should choose the best men and books to be their companion (要点1). And a good book could not only be one of their best friends who is usually a man(要点2)，but also be the bridge of friendships among people(要点3) . Besides，books are considered to be immortal in essence, especially good books(要点4) . Therefore, good books are really important and helpful to all the people(要点5) .分析过程：试题详解1，核心内容本文是一篇说明文，全文共分五段。
【上海高考概要写作】summary writing5(10篇,有解析)
Exercise 1A father’s relationship to his child’s current and future academic success and the level of his or her development in academic potential and scholastic achievement are both factors with some rather interesting implications that educators are beginning to study. As a matter of fact, “life with father” has been discovered to be a very important factor in determining a child’s progress or lack of progress in school.A recent survey of over 16,000 children made by the National Child Development Study in London revealed that children whose fathers came to school conferences and accompanied their children on outings did better in school than those children whose fathers were not involved in those activities. The study, which monitored children born during a week in March, 1992，from the time of their birth through the years of their early schooling, further revealed that the children of actively involved fathers scored much higher in reading and math than those children whose only involved parent was the mother. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role played by fathers in the raising of a child. It indicated a much higher level of parental involvement by the father than had been anticipated. Over 66% of the fathers were said to have played a major role in parental responsibility.The study also suggested that the greatest level of parenting took place in the families of only child. As the number of children and financial expenses increases, the father’s apparent interest and involvement with the children decreased. However, no matter what the size or financial condition of the family，a father’s active participation in the child’s development made a definite difference in the child’s progress.The study further revealed that while the frequency of overnight absences reflected a corresponding deficiency of the child’s level in math and reading, a father’s employment on night shifts appeared to have little effect on the child’s academic progress. The information evaluating the level of the father’s parenting performance was taken primarily from the admittedly subjective observations of their wives.参考答案：A recent study discovered that a father^ influence played a significant role in the level of the child’s academic progress.(要点1) As is suggested, the father’s involvement with children was affected by the size of the family and its financial expenses.(要点2) So children who tended to progress academically were those only children.(要点3) Moreover, a father’s frequent overnight absence had a bad effect on the child’s progress.(要点4)分析过程：试题详解1.核心内容本文是一篇说明文，共四段。
高考英语专题复习：概要写作5篇及参考答案全套
高考英语专题复习：概要写作5篇及参考答案全套一I’d gone snowboarding in France with my little brother, and what we lacked in skill we made up for in enthusiasm. That day, fresh snow had been falling, and we were in high spirits. We stopped near the top of an off-path section that went through forests. I let my brother disappear into the trees ahead, figuring I would soon catch up.I began to pick up speed when I was suddenly thrown off balance. Just as I was regaining control, I ran into the trunk (树干) of a large tree.It was like hitting a solid wall. The pain was instant. I knew immediately that my back was broken and quickly realized the situation could get very serious. Nobody would be coming past. There was no phone signal. It was snowing and cold. If I waited, I would probably be rescued eventually. But the chance of freezing to death before that happened was too high for me to risk staying put.I tried to stand but fell down and almost blacked out with pain. I managed to get the board off from my feet and moved it under my stomach so I was lying on it. I faced down the mountain and used the board to slowly drag and slide my body down the steep (陡峭的), tree-lined slope (斜坡).It took about two hours before a skier found me and I got help. The mountain rescue team came, with my brother arriving shortly afterwards.I couldn’t feel my hands or my toes from the cold, but the relief at knowing I was safe was immense (极大的).A helicopter took me to hospital. I had broken one of my backbones, so I had an operation where the doctors inserted plates. The constant pain was agonizing, but it wasn’t as bad as seeing the pain and worry I put my family through.The recovery road was tough, but I was lucky. Gradually, I was able to walk, then swim, then cycle and then run. I haven’t been back to the slopes yet, but it might happen someday –I will, however, be sticking to the paths.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案I went snowboarding with my brother but didn’t expect that I would have a bad accident. I lost balance and hit the trunk of a tree while catching up to my brother and injured my back. Aware that things would get worse if I waited, I placed myself on the board and slid to the bottom of the slope. I was eventually rescued. Now that I have recovered, I might go back to challenge myself again.二During such stressful times, anything we can do to reduce our worries is a positive thing. As such, routines, even boring ones, can be a useful way to bring us peace of mind.It’s harder to get back into good habits if you take too much time off. If you stop exercising or go off your diet, you can lose what you’ve accomplished, as many of us have. Maybe it’s time to re-establish your good habits and develop some new ones.Even though my heart wants to fly to Europe and walk the near-empty streets of Cannes (戛纳) right now, I can’t. None of us can, so we have to find other ways to be content. I can get into being a homebody (喜欢待在家里的人), especially with the internet, but I would prefer to do more.We used to go out a lot, but that has stopped. No restaurants, parties or gatherings of any kind. I am seeing clients (客户) only on the internet. Adhering to health recommendations means finding new things to fill our lives, but some old routines will also do nicely if we maintain them.If you’re used to working with many people and are now on your own, the sense of isolation can be especially hard. This is also true if you are alone with no family close by. It’s important to develop a system that feeds your mind and emotions and makes good use of your time.Your life won’t fall apart, not if you don’t let it. Maintaining your routines, keeping up a good diet and getting some daily exercise will make this period much easier.As long as you’re putting out positive energy, you are helping others as well as yourself. We are all going to have to get creative as this pandemic keeps us socially distant.It’s also important to maintain human connection. Remember to reach out to others if you are alone –this is what social media was invented for. It is allowing us to stay connected. Right now, those connections are worth their weight in gold.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案：Routines, new habits and human connection are important for people, especially during the pandemic. Stuck at home, we have to seek other ways to stay happy. Besides maintaining our routines, keeping up a good diet and exercising daily, we can develop new habits to please ourselves. It also helps to stay connected with people via social media. We should help not only ourselves but others as well.三Last week, my younger brother visited me for five days. To ensure (保证) I could spend as much time with him as possible, I worked extra hard during the weekend before he arrived.It amazed me how much I could accomplish when I had a strong motivation to be efficient.During the week, I put in a couple of hours in the mornings to handle pressing issues (问题) and then spent the afternoons and evenings going out with him. Once again, I was surprised to realize just how much free time was available to me if I consciously (有意识地) chose to be more effective while working.This made me think of Parkinson’s Law: Work expands to fill the time available for its completion.I realized then that I’d given myself more time than necessary for work, and as a result, I ended up spending a lot of time procrastinating (拖延) and entertaining myself online.How might things change for me, I wondered, if I chose to commit to more social and recreational (休闲娱乐) activities, made them priorities (优先事项) and was motivated to finish work quicker?I realize not everyone has flexibility (灵活性) in their work schedules, but I believe we could all create more time for ourselves if we were motivated to cut out the choices that don’t match our strongest desiresand intentions.Maybe it’s zoning out in front of the TV or searching the web. If there’s one thing that’s consumed my time the most, it’s researching how I actually want to spend it.I believe what English musician John Lennon said is true: Time that you enjoyed wasting was not wasted. I don’t think there’s anything wrong with using technology if we’ve consciously chosen to do it. However, we owe it to ourselves to get out in the world and explore different possibilities –to be playful, curious, engaged and just to be. Perhaps it would be easier to do that if we asked ourselves: How can I be more effective? Can I minimize what I am currently doing? How can I start using the time I’ve created in a way that will excite and inspire me?Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案I completed my work more efficiently to make time to accompany my brother when he visited me. I was amazed at how much more efficient I could be. I was also reminded of Parkinson’s Law and how to manage time better. First, we should learn to prioritize things in our life, making sure to cut out those that don’t match our desires. Second, it’simportant to remember that time is not wasted if it is spent doing something you enjoy.四My boss recently asked me, “Do you know why I hired you? Because you didn’t sell yourself. You didn’t tell me, ‘Look how experienced I am.’You emailed me and said, ‘I researched your website and saw how many amazing vets (兽医) you have, and I want to learn from them,’and that’s why I hired you. You showed vulnerability.”So, what is vulnerability? For me, vulnerability means putting your fear of embarrassment aside and allowing personal growth. I believe vulnerability is a pathway to success. Vulnerability has traditionally been viewed as a weakness in the workplace. The very thought of exposing your weaknesses is terrifying. However, we can change the views surrounding it. I’m talking about the vulnerability that strengthens courage and success as a vet.After graduation, I started working in a clinic where I thought I would have support. However, I didn’t have the help I required. I quickly became exhausted. Within 18 months, I didn’t want to be a vet anymore.During this period, I realized without the support I wanted, I was potentially making mistakes I wasn’t even aware of. Was I treatingpatients effectively? I wouldn’t know, because I had no one to ask or help.I decided to be vulnerable. I accepted that I was unhappy, living with poor mental health and lacking important knowledge. I wanted to find somewhere I’d be able to continue building my knowledge, not as an average vet, but as a good one. After two and a half years working as a vet, I have finally found a place where I get the support I need. My point is: don’t stay where you are unhappy. Be vulnerable and have the courage to accept when you’re unhappy. Find somewhere that will support you and push you to do better.Vulnerability shouldn’t be considered a weakness because it allows personal growth. Vulnerability should be viewed as a strength. To be vulnerable allows you to show people that you cannot always be perfect. Being vulnerable is not a liability (不利因素) in the workplace. It is the ability to show people that you are human.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案：Vulnerability is generally considered a weakness, but I believe it facilitates personal growth and leads to success. I quit my previous job for the lack of support I needed. To find a way out, I decided to accept my unhappiness and admitted my vulnerability. Eventually, I got my ideal job because of my positive attitude toward vulnerability. I learned from my experience that vulnerability is actually a strength.五I woke up with drool (口水) on my pillow this morning. I wouldn’t have minded except it wasn’t mine. The alarm clock rang, and I reached over to turn it off. As I laid my face back down on the pillow, I felt the wet, slimy (黏滑的) drool on my pillow case. I opened my eyes and saw a smiling, panting (喘气的), furry face gazing down at me. I tried to get up, but she was too fast. My face was suddenly covered in kisses with one going straight up my nose and another right in my ear. I laughed, reached out and picked up the eight-pound love machine and held her away from my dripping (湿透的) face. It was just another morning in a life with dogsWhy do we welcome them into our homes and our hearts? We knowthat we are most likely going to outlive them and have our hearts broken when they age quickly and pass away after ten to fifteen years. We know that there will be vet (兽医) bills, flea baths and enough fur to make a vacuum cleaner cry. We know that our ears will ring from the barking, that we will be picking up poop (大便) every single day and that we will never get to finish a full sandwich again.Yet, when we are feeling down or blue, there will always be a soft head on our lap needing to be pet. When we get home after a long day’s work, there will be a happy face at the door waiting for us. Our lives will be full of balls to throw, bellies (腹部) to scratch, and love and loyalty that will warm our hearts and uplift our souls.For thousands of years, dogs have been our best friends. They remain one of the greatest gifts life has ever given us. Even if they can’t love us for the rest of our lives, they will always love us for all of theirs. Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案：Every morning I am woken up by my dog. Her drool on my pillow and kisses all over my face make me laugh. Even though there are many disadvantages of having a dog, I still want to keep her by my side. My life is more beautiful because of her. Dogs are the best friends of human beings.。
2017-2020年上海高考英语概要写作Summary
ShynessIf you suffer from shyness, you are not alone, for shyness is universal phenomenon. It is not surprising that social scientists are exploring its environmental causes. The first environmental cause of shyness may be a child,s home and family life. Today,s children are growing up in smaller and smaller families, with fewer and fewer relatives living nearby. Growing up in homes in which both parents work full time, children may not have the socializing experience of frequent visits by neighbors and friends. Because of their lack of social skills, they may begin to feel shy when they start school.A second environment cause of shyness in an individual may be one,s culture. In a large study conducted in Japan,57 percent of participants rated themselves as shy. Researchers Lynne Henderson and Philip Zimbardo say, “One explanation is that in Japan, an individual,s performance success is credited externally to parents, grandparents, teachers, coaches, and others, while failure is entirely blamed on the person.” Therefore, Japanese learn not to take risks in public and rely instead on group-shared decisions.Technology may also play a role. In the United States, the number of young people who report being shy has risen from 40 percent to 50 percent in recent years. Due to our huge advances in technology, watching television, playing video games, and surfing the Web have replaced recreational activities that involve social interaction for many young people. Adults, too, are becoming more isolated as a result of technology. Face-to-face interactions with bank clerks, gas station attendants, and shop assistants are no longer necessary because people can use machines to do their banking, fill their gas tanks, and order goods. In short, they become shy.It appears that most people have experienced shyness at some time in their lives. Therefore, if you are shy, you have lots of company.答案：Shyness is common and it has environmental causes, including home and family life, culture and technology. Firstly, with smaller families and working parents, children lack social interactions. Secondly, blaming failure on individuals causes people in some culture to be shy in public. Finally, with the development of technology, people have fewer opportunities to socialize in person. (56 words)Learning by Rote in the Digital AgeRote learning has become seen as an outdated method of teaching. The dictionary defines learning ‘ by rote, as:‘from memory, without thought of the meaning; in a mechanical way’.The decline of rote learning has been quickened by technology. No one needs to memorize friends phone numbers or email addresses because such data is conveniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Two broke out when you can find the answer on the internet in about 6 seconds? But now there are voices fora need to return to rote learning.In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine and lawyering requires knowledge of cases and laws. Of course, being able to recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject.While theinternet and computers have weakened the need for us to remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun.Drilling yourself ---with flashcards or by repetition --- is usually hard and boring work, which is why most people need their multiplication tables to be drilled into them by teachers or parents. Rote learning without a willing third party can be a battle of discipline and motivation. But mobile learning can make those flashcards and drills more appropriate to individual study; our digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress.Once you,ve acquired the essentials of a subject by rote learning, youwill find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important.答案：Rote learning means mechanical memorization. Although technology makes it less needed, its value is being rediscovered. Rote learning helps people acquire basic knowledge, laying a foundation for further understanding. In fact, technology makes mobile learning possible, which motivates learning in rote learning and makes memorization more interesting and individualized.To Laugh Is HumanMost of us don,t know why we laugh at some jokes and not at others. Scientists know that we are able to laugh at birth. Babies begin to laugh at three to four months of age, well before they produce their first words. What scientists are interested in is why we laugh.Scientists believe humans laugh with others primarily because it makes us feel connected with one another, which in turn gives us a sense of trust and comfort. To scientists, laughter is an unconscious reaction; consequently, when we laugh, others can be certain that it is an honest reaction, and honesty is key when building and maintaining friendships.Since laughter is seen as a social signal that we send to others, it can also help explain why it is so infectious. Studies have proven that when people see or hear something funny, they are 20 times more likely to laugh when they are with others than when they are alone. Wanting to be accepted by others is part of human nature. And mirroring other people,s laughte r is a way to signal to others that you feel the way they do, which makes us feel more connected with one another.Humans have not always laughed just so they can feel closer to others, however. Scientists point out that this social function of laughter was born out of an even more fundamental human need. Laughter, they believe, came about because it contributed to our very survival as a species. Scientists assume that sharing laughter ensured our ancestors a higher survival rate because it led to greater cooperation between individuals. Humans learned quickly that greater cooperation led to survival, and the brain in turn realized that laughing with others increased out chances of finding people to cooperate, hunt, eat, live, and eventually, survive with.答案：Scientists think humans are born with the ability to laugh, but why do we laugh? We laugh to feel closer to one another. Laughter helps us to be recognized so we laugh more in groups than when alone. Laughter also evolved from a more basic need to survive as it promoted cooperation, enabling humans to survive better. (59w) Laughter is unconscious, infectious and basic. It brings us a trustworthy, comfortable and honest feeling, thus better maintaining friendships. Chances are that we laugh more with others around, contributing to prompting recognition and feeling more connected with one another. Scientists assure that laughter resulted in greater cooperation between individuals in ancient times, as better cooperation leads to survival. (58w)Becoming an Attractive EmployeeThe 2008 financial crisis created an unstable job market. Fast-forward to the present, and the economy has not fully recovered. Thus, it's of vital importance for job seekers to carefully strategize their approach to job application. And it's especially important for those new to the work force. They should look at making themselves as attractive as possible to employers.For young people, information technology skills will play an increasing role in the future. As the generation to have grown up in the Information Age, they are quite confident when it comes to showing off their interests and skills in this field. This makes them a natural fit for companies seeking expertise^业技能）in technology, marketing and networking. They should emphasize these skills when applying for jobs that require the ability to multitask.Another attractive quality is experience. It's important that an applicant,s resume list any activities that involved teamwork and goal -driven responsibilities. Membership in a sports or social club and participation as a volunteer are good examples of this. These activities involve goal management and planning along with the ability to focus while competing on a team. When hiring committees see this, they see a candidate who is capable of working in a variety of environments.Finally an attractive quality when job-hunting is a great attitude toward a potential job. Young job seekers are known to be overconfident because they have been praised for everything they have done. But they must realize that the employment market is about how an employee will be a good fit for a company, not the other way around.In fact, in an interview, an important question to ask is: "What would be expected of me as an employee? " In today's tough job market, young job seekers need to provide a potential employer with good reasons to hire them.答案：How can young people attract their future employers? First, they need to demonstrate their knowledge and skills in information technology. Second, they should include in their resumes the experiences that reflect they are cooperative and goal-oriented. Finally, they need to adopt a proper attitude, that is, taking future employers, expectations into consideration.Where Are the Bees?Bees are essential to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinat(给... 授粉)large areas of crops, such as strawberries, apples and onions. About a third of the food we eat is a result of pollination of the bees. Unfortunately, bees have been disappearing at an alarming rate.In 2006, bee keepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse Disaster (CCD). The main sign of CCD is the loss of adult honey bees from a hive. In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.There were many theories for the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to do with pesticides and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeepers get most of their income not from producing honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now consists of traveling all around the country to pollinate crops as the seasons change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks, which is very stressful to bees. It is not unusual for up to 30% of the hive to die during transport due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not exposed to what they usually live on. Instead, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.The exact reason for the disappearance of bees is not sure, but losing bees is very costly to the economy. The bee pollination services are worth over $8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done by hand, which would have effects on the quality of food and increased food prices. We hear a lot about big environmental disasters almost every day. But one of the biggest may just be the loss of that tiny flying insect.答案：Bees are necessary for people because one third of the food we eat is pollinated by bees. But bees are disappearing because of too much pressure ob beehives in trucks or being killed by pesticides, which may influence the quality of food and increased food prices, and cause great losses to economic development.It's undeniable: Being among the first to try out a new piece of technology is cool. There's the excitement of doing what has never been done before—the feeling that you're living in the future. And when you're the sole member of your social circle with the latest hot gadget, people stare in fascination. They ask you questions. They see you as the holder of powerful, secret knowledge—for a little while, until the next big thing comes along. People tend to underestimate the costs of this temporary coolness, which they pay in more ways than one. Don't fall into the early adopter trap. Don't join the first wave of consumers who invest in the latest media-hyped hardware; instead, wait and see.To put it frankly, early adoption is a bad investment. First, the earliest versions of devices are not only expensive, they are also the most expensive that those devices will ever be. Companies are presumably attempting to recover the cost of production as fast as they can, and they know that there are serious tech -lovers who will pay a great deal to be first. Once the revenues from early adopters' purchases are safely in their hands, they can cut the price and shift to the next marketing phase: selling the product to everyone else. This is why the cost of the original iPhone dropped about U. S. $200 only eight months after its release. Plus, electronics hardly ever become more expensive because intense competition in the industry puts downward pressure on prices over time. Prices of gadgets will fall shortly after release, and they will likely keep falling. Many new TV models drop significantly in price as little as ten days after hitting the market. Further, electronics rapidly depreciate because they become obsolete废弃的）so quickly. This means that early adopters pay the maximum price for an item that does not hold onto its value. The resale price of a cell phone or laptop can drop by fifty percent within just a few months.Speaking of becoming obsolete, those who are first to leap into a new technology risk wasting money and time on something that will never catch on. Another good reason to resist the early-adoption temptation is that the first version of a product typically has defects that cost a lot in time and frustration. Such problems are so common with new technology that early adopters are basically unpaid beta testers and troubleshooters. Unless this sounds to you like a fun way to spend your time, don,t be among the first users. If you wait to learn what the problems are with a new electronic gadget, you can look forward to a smoother experience—or choose a less troublesome product.答案：Don,t be the first users of the new electronic equipment. The reasons are as following: firstly, the earliest versions of devices are not only expensive. Secondly, electronics will be out of date rapidly. Thirdly, the first version of a product are with some defects generally. Therefore, don,t be the first to try out the new products.。
浙江新高考作文概要写作summarywriting
Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin, northeast China's Heilongjiang Province. As a result, the owner of the restaurant faced a fine of 500,000 yuan.
2. Chen Yan complained he was being overcharged and were
beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff. Chen’s complaint
immediately spread on China’s social media.
received 3. The restaurant got its due punishment and relevant government
departments would also be investigated and punished.
tagged the price, which raised doubt among netizens again.
Further investigation showed that one type of the fish served, Huso, was not the real wild species, but a kind of farmed fish at a much lower price. Since the prices of the fish did have violated the rights of consumers, the restaurant got its due punishment. Meanwhile, relevant government departments that have stood by the side of the restaurant in the first place would also be investigated and punished.
浙江高考英语概要写作真题汇总及评分标准(附参考范文)
1.概要写作真题阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
(2019年6月浙江卷) Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire a nd, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents’ praise has put them.Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise ca n be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate (相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it.参考答案One possible version:Prais ing can build up children’s confident, while too much praise may have opposite effects on children. (要点1) Besides, less praise also does harm to kids’ development. (要点2) To gain the best result, our praise should be sincere and focus on the process instead of the end product. (要点3) In a word, praise should be in line with facts and match the children’s efforts. (要点4)(2018年11月浙江卷) It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus (校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won’t b e as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don’t like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn’t know unless you actually visit.Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors (顾问), and it won’t cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at . While visiting an o nline college fair can’t take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you’d like to attend.参考答案One possible version:It is a wise choice for you to pay a visit to your desired colleges personally before applying. (要点1) In order to avoid being regretful, you should at least visit the college you decided to attend in advance. (要点2) For students who are short of money and time, it will be helpful to search the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive where you can get the necessary information. (要点3)(考试说明样题) Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit (好处) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter (后者) position is gaining some ground.参考答案One possible version1:People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. (要点1) For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. (要点2) However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago.People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. (要点3) However, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system. (要点4)参考答案One possible version2:浙江省英语教研员葛炳芳老师在关于新高考读后续写和概要写作的指导性讲座中，分享了自己写的样题的概要范文：Attitudes towards dirt have been changing over time. In the 16th century, people believed that dirt on the skin helped protect against disease. Since the 18th century, however, people have developed the belief that cleaning away dirt can prevent disease. Today, although attitudes to dirt still differ sharply, more and more people choose to believe that playing in the dirt can help build up a strong immune. (60 words)对照上述评分原则，可以发现此范文：（1）精确地表达了文本所有4个要点，并且对文本的内容进行了归纳、提炼和整合；（2）准确地使用了相应的语法结构和词汇，例如在表达“持有某种观点”这一意思的时候，选用了三个不同的表达方法“believe”，“develop the belief”，“choose to believe”，避免了重复；（3）上下文之间用了恰当的连接词“however”，“although”等，使行文紧凑浑然一体；（4）对文中的要点运用语义转换，完全使用自己的语言来表达；例如要点1用Attitudes towards dirt have been changing代替原文第一段的第二句话there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt；要点2用protect against disease 代替block out against；要点3中用prevent disease代替is good for health；要点4用today代替nowadays，用sharply 代替hugely，用more and more people choose to believe 代替gaining some ground；（5）全文60词，非常符合词数要求。
高考英语写作新题型
高考英语写作新题型高考英语写作新题型范文1议论文议论文通常包括论点、论据和结论，因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题句(the topic sentences)、支撑句(supporting sentences)和结论句(conclusion sentences)。
其中最主要的是找准主题句。
概要模板：论点+论据(+结论)Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fi某ed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was, thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry Ⅳ, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit(好处) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system(免疫系统). And the latter position is gaining some ground. (302 words) 高考英语写作新题型范文2阅读下面短文，根据内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
2020年上海高考概要写作summary writing5(10篇,有解析)
Exercise 1A father’s relationship to his child’s current and future academic success and the level of his or her development in academic potential and scholastic achievement are both factors with some rather interesting implications that educators are beginning to study. As a matter of fact, “life with father” has been discovered to be a very important factor in determining a child’s progress or lack of progress in school.A recent survey of over 16,000 children made by the National Child Development Study in London revealed that children whose fathers came to school conferences and accompanied their children on outings did better in school than those children whose fathers were not involved in those activities. The study, which monitored children born during a week in March, 1992，from the time of their birth through the years of their early schooling, further revealed that the children of actively involved fathers scored much higher in reading and math than those children whose only involved parent was the mother. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role played by fathers in the raising of a child. It indicated a much higher level of parental involvement by the father than had been anticipated. Over 66% of the fathers were said to have played a major role in parental responsibility.The study also suggested that the greatest level of parenting took place in the families of only child. As the number of children and financial expenses increases, the father’s apparent interest and involvement with the children decreased. However, no matter what the size or financial condition of the family，a father’s active participation in the child’s development made a definite difference in the child’s progress.The study further revealed that while the frequency of overnight absences reflected a corresponding deficiency of the child’s level in math and reading, a father’s employment on night shifts appeared to have little effect on the child’s academic progress. The information evaluating the level of the father’s parenting performance was taken primarily from the admittedly subjective observations of their wives.参考答案：A recent study discovered that a father^ influence played a significant role in the level of the child’s academic progress.(要点1) As is suggested, the father’s involvement with children was affected by the size of the family and its financial expenses.(要点2) So children who tended to progress academically were those only children.(要点3) Moreover, a father’s frequent overnight absence had a bad effect on the child’s progress.(要点4)分析过程：试题详解1.核心内容本文是一篇说明文，共四段。
概要写作两篇高考英语一轮复习
概要写作两篇“It’s a store for old people, I know,” she says loudly as we walk in, much to the amusement of the sales associate (销售员) standing nearby. Today, she’s wearing a small animal-print dress. She begins to search the clothes store for something bold. As a 15-year-old, I just wanted to dress normally, but Oma – with her dyed (被染色的) hair and strangely colored clothes – existed in a unique world of style. I envied her confidence.She had self-love. She expressed herself exactly as she wanted. Once her husband, my Opa, died, she showed her love for herself through how she looked. In her early 80s, Oma shopped with the excitement of my 10th-grade girlfriends but with a lot more confidence.She encouraged me to look my best and always checked in on me, even though most of our relationship was long-distance. This meant I had lots of missed calls and texts asking how I was doing.She loved to connect with others and would call me several times. Once she told me how she had spent the whole afternoon talking to friends and family all over the world. Her voice had become weak but she still managed to ask me: “Are you making time to have fun?” Each check-in was a reminder to pencil in fun to my schedule.As she got older she still didn’t change, although she spends less time outside of the house. When I asked her what she got up to inside, she laughed as she admitted she liked to wear her most comfortable clothes around the house, telling me it made her feel like she was in bed all day. When I asked about her helpers who were checking in on her in her townhouse, she told me: “I have to wait for them to leave to eat my chocolate!” Sitting in my room as I talked to her on the phone, I couldn’t help but realize that I had been eyeing my own dark chocolate collection all afternoon.I wish that I’d thanked her for all of the wisdom she’d been passing on to me throughout all of my adolescent and young adult life. If it hadn’t been for her lessons in self-love – her guidance in caring for myself and enjoying life in all its stages – would I be the person I am today? Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案：My Oma was super confident. Even in her 80s, she still cared about how she looked. She shopped with great excitement and searched for something bold and unique. She also liked connecting with friends and family. She cared about herself as well as me, always reminding me to enjoy every moment of life. I appreciate the wisdom of her attitude toward life, which has helped shape who I am today.My partner and I wanted to spread some joy this Christmas, so we decided to organize gifts for the residents of a local nursing home.I posted our plans on Facebook. My aunty and two of my friends sent me money to go toward gifts. Then one of the ladies who works at a different branch (分店) of the store where I work sent me over a huge box of chocolates, biscuits and sweets to add to the presents. We purchased lots of food and gifts for the residents and carefully wrapped them.A man called James who saw my post offered to drive us to the home and another lady messaged me saying she had her own gifts she wanted to give. It was lovely to see people comingtogether to help.So, on Dec 22, we were all ready to go and be Santa’s elves (精灵)! James picked up my partner and me, and we headed to the nursing home with 74 gifts plus a few extras for good measure! After signing in, putting on our masks, gowning up (穿上长袍) and having our temperature checked we were in. We were ready to spread the Christmas cheer.I was a little nervous as it was my first time in a nursing home and I’m shier than my partner who has no trouble talking to people whatsoever. But once the nursing manager began taking us round to everyone’s rooms, I saw the smiles, surprise and happiness on their faces. I was so happy to be there and it gave me so much joy. We went to everyone’s rooms, wished them a very happy Christmas and gave them each a small gift of soaps, hand creams, biscuits, chocolates, etc.It was a wonderful experience and I highly recommend that people do something like this as it will bring you so much fulfillment and happiness. The feeling of giving people gifts is simply wonderful.I’m already planning a visit for Easter when the Easter bunny might be stopping by! Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案：Before Christmas, my partner and I came up with an idea to spread joy to the residents of a local nursing home. We posted our plan on Facebook and received a lot of support. With scores of gifts collected, we went to the nursing home on December 22. When giving gifts, I felt happy and fulfilled seeing the smile s and happiness on the residents’ faces. What a meaningful experience! I recommend more people do the same.。
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Writing 1阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Yesterday Matt was sick.I picked up Archie from the sitter and Eloise from school and decided to run to Target for a few things.I had hoped to be in and out quickly.I found a line with just one person ahead of me and began organizing my items on the conveyor.After placing my items，I looked up to see that the person ahead of me was an elderly woman. She was paying for her items with change and wanted to purchase each separately.I was frustrated with this woman and the inconvenience she had placed on me.But then I watched the young employee with this woman.I watched him help her count her change，ever so softly taking it from her shaking hands. When she asked if she had enough to buy a reusable bag，he told her she did and went two lines over to get one for her and then repackaged her items.Never once was this employee angry.He was nothing but patient and kind.As I was watching him，I saw that Eloise was too.She was standing next to the woman，watching the employee count the change.I realized I hadn’t been inconvenienced at all.That my daughter was instead witnessing kindness and patience and being taught this valuable lesson by a complete stranger.When the woman was finished，the employee began ringing up my items and thanked me for my patience.I then thanked him for teaching us patience and kindness by his treatment of that elderly woman.When he was finished I pushed my cart through the store trying to find the manager.I wanted her to know of the employee’s kindness and patience and how much it meant to me.After tracking her down and sharing the story with her，we left Target with a cart full of consumable items，but what is more，a heart full of gratitude for such an invaluable lesson.If you are ever in the Glendale Target，give Ishmael a smile and a nod.The world could use more people like him.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【写作指导】要写好记叙文的概要，先要找到以下两个问题的答案：(1)谁做了什么？(2)结果如何？如果是夹叙夹议文，还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育意义。
就该题而言，本文的概要应该包含：作者购物的时间、地点、结果以及从本次购物中得到的启示，最后用自己的语言串联起来。
【参考范文】The passage tells us an experience of shopping.(要点1)One day，the author with two children went to Target for shopping.(要点2)While waiting in line，she found an old lady was troublesome，but the young employee treated her patiently.(要点3)Seeing that，the author was touched by his kindness and patience and she thought her children would learn a lot from this experience.(要点4)Writing 2阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Sugars are popular in the processed food industry because they add taste，colour and thickness to food products. The studies have shown that sugars can provide a source of energy.The body breaks down the sugar into simple forms that can be readily used in the body.But too much sugar can contribute to health problems like obesity and tooth disease.Having too much sugar is not the only reason for obesity or being overweight，but it does add to the amount of kilojoules in food.Eating too much of any food，without doing enough exercise，will cause you to become overweight.Governments in the United States and United Kingdom are waging a war on sugar in the interests of public health.Both countries claim that the overconsumption of sugar by much of the population is harmful to people’s health.On Thursday，the U．ernment issued new dietary guidelines that strongly recommend people receive less than 10 per cent of their daily calorie intake from added sugar.On the same day，British Prime Minister David Cameron said he has not ruled out the idea of a tax on sugar to encourage consumers to buy food with reduced levels of the sweet.Politicians in the U．K.are debating how a reduction in the intake of sugar could help reduce Britain’s rising rates of obesity.The American and British governments both refer to a study conducted in Mexico that showed a tax on sugary，carbonated drinks led to a reduction in consumption.The tax was carried out on January 1，2014 and purchases of the taxed drinks went down by 12 per cent by December of that year.Sales of mineral water increased by 4 per cent over the same period.An alternative to taxing sugared drinks is to reduce the level of sugar in them.Researchers at Queen Mary University in London say that reducing the sugar content in sugar－sweetened drinks by 40 percent over five years could prevent one million cases of obesity in the U．K.Researchers say people might not even notice the changes.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【写作指导】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了人体摄入过多糖分会影响健康。