The Translation of Chinese Idioms (1)

合集下载

Image-Processing_in_Translation_of_Chinese_Idioms_

Journal of Literature and Art Studies, December 2021, Vol. 11, No. 12, 995-999doi: 10.17265/2159-5836/2021.12.010Image-Processing in Translation of Chinese Idioms into EnglishJIANG Ling-minSchool of Foreign languages, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, ChinaThis paper explores the commonly used translating methods and the frequency of their usage through the analysisof the examples of imagery idioms in Chinese-English Dictionary of Chinese Idioms. Findings include thefollowing. First, three image-processing methods in translation of Chinese idioms into English are adoptedcommonly, namely, preserving the original image method, replacing the original image method and giving up theoriginal image method. Second, changing the original image method and giving up the original image method arethe major translation methods in the idiom translations surveyed.Keywords: Chinese idioms, image, Chinese-English Dictionary of Chinese Idioms, translation methodsIntroductionIdiom is characterized by its vivid image. Since the vivid image contained in idiomatic expressions not only contributes significantly to the overall meaning of them but also add to the expressive and emotional power of these idiomatic expressions, image-processing becomes an important issue in the expressive and emotional power of idiomatic expressions. In China, quite a few translation practitioners and scholars have made laudable attempts to render Chinese idioms into English. They have undertaken various thought-provoking analysis on the structures, meanings, methods, effects, skills, and experiences of translation that have laid the foundation of the theories in the field of Chinese idioms translation. However, important these efforts are, few article is found which combine image-processing in translation of Chinese idioms with Chinese-English dictionaries up to present, though there have been numerous refined articles which involve various image-processing methods of Chinese idioms.This paper re-elaborates on the old topic of idioms translation but from a new angle. With fresh illustration and concise explanation in English and Chinese, this essay sheds light on these expressions, some of which are thousands of years old.2. Methodology2.1 Research QuestionsThe present study examined the situation of the translation of Chinese idioms in the Dictionary of Chinese-English Idioms to answer the following research questions:(1) What methods can be employed in image-processing in translation of Chinese idioms into English?(2) Which translation method is more frequently used than the others?JIANG Ling-min, Master, Professor, School of Foreign languages, Pingdingshan University.IMAGE-PROCESSING IN TRANSLATION OF CHINESE IDIOMS INTO ENGLISH9962.2 Data CollectionTo do this research, the choice of a proper Chinese-English dictionary is a really important thing. So the choice of dictionary must be very careful and serious. After comparing and consideration, the author decided to use the Dictionary of Chinese-English Idioms compiled by Shi Zhengxin, Wang Chunqing and Zhang Jianzhong as the source of the Chinese idioms. Published in the year 2006, this dictionary is a relatively new one and is in wide use among Chinese and English language bilingual readers. It has paid special attention to the image-processing problem.Referring to the dictionary mentioned above, some 3000 common Chinese idioms were identified. Among the 3000 idioms, there are 1890 idioms with images. As it was impossible to examine all the 1890 idioms, the method of random sampling was employed. This method allowed us to examine a portion of the 1890 idioms to obtain the features of the whole group. To represent the population of 1890 idioms, 1/6 of the population was selected. Finally 316 Chinese idioms were left as the sample idioms.2.3 Data Treatment and AnalysisFirst chart was designed to put translation of all 316 Chinese idioms. The chart is mainly about the image-processing methods applied in English translation of the idioms. The translation methods include: to preserve the original image, to replace the original image and to give up the original image.An instruction to the raters was developed before the rating materials were provided to the raters. It told the raters the purpose of the research and criteria for rating. Three raters took part in this research. One is the author of this thesis. One is a college teacher of English. The other one is a master’s candidate of English major. Of the three raters, one is male. Each worked on the rating material independently.The chart designed and the instructions offered to the raters, there went the process of evaluating the translation of each sample chosen. Results of each evaluation of each sample were put on the chart according to the instructions. This job lasted each rater well over one month.Then, results of the evaluations from three raters were triangulated. Different results of evaluation on a certain translation were settled when two or above agreed on the same result. The fact was that disagreement on the results of evaluation among the three raters was rare. So, triangulation of the results further confirmed the results of the evaluation of the translation of the sample idioms.3. Results and DiscussionAfter all the jobs done from data collection to data analysis, the statistical results were obtained to provide foundations for the answers to the two research questions. In the following sections of this chapter, results and discussions of each of the two research questions are provided respectively.3.1 Image-processing MethodsIn the translation process of idioms, the conveyance of metaphors is of course important. However, the image processing is also an important element that cannot be ignored. Whether the image is handled properly or not, it directly affects the success of idioms translation. Due to the different national cultural backgrounds of English and Chinese, each language has formed a distinct image feature, so when translating, we should strive to achieve vivid, both in form and meaning (Bao, 2001).IMAGE-PROCESSING IN TRANSLATION OF CHINESE IDIOMS INTO ENGLISH 997Based on the statistical results of the remaining 316 Chinese idioms with images, the result shows that: generally speaking, the image processing in the English translation of Chinese idioms usually adopts the following methods:3.1.1 Preserving the original imageThere are a few idioms in English and Chinese that are equivalent in metaphor and coincident in image. In translating, the image in the target language can be used to reproduce the image in the source language, and strive to maintain the original meaning, image and grammatical structure of English and Chinese idioms, basically taking into account “formal equivalence” and “functional equivalence” (Hu, 2001). For example: 易如反掌as easy as turning one’s hand影子内阁shadow cabinet如坐针毡to sit on pins and needlesSometimes an image in Chinese language has no corresponding image in the English culture, or an image in Chinese language does have the corresponding image in English language but may not convey a certain connotative meaning. At that time, simply reproducing the same image can not achieve the same esthetic and expressive effects in the translated text. So we may reproduce the same image with its connotative meaning added to the translated text. As a result, English readers can visualize the fresh image in their culture with the connotative meaning explained so that the readers’ horizon of expectation is broadened. The same esthetic feeling of Chinese readers can be retained in English readers. For example:东施效颦Tung Shih imitating Hsi Shih, which is not original but rather tiresome.三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮Three cobblers with their wits combined surpass Zhuge Liang, the master mind.班门弄斧 show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter.3.1.2 Replacing the original imageAs we all know, an image occurring in idioms has its national color. If such an image has no corresponding image in the target language culture, we may conduct the image processing by reproducing the same total image plus paraphrase. But if such an image has its corresponding total image in the target language yet different association is aroused in the two cultures, then we may replace the image with another one in the target language which has similar connotative meaning in the source language. For example, “to talk horse” and “吹牛”, the total image of the two idioms are almost the same. If we don’t change the image, it will cause misunderstanding and the stability of idioms in the target language will be affected. Therefore, we cannot translate “talk horse” into “吹马” (unless it is used to achieve some humorous effect) but into “吹牛”. Similarly, we cannot translate “to spend money like water” into “挥金如水” but into “挥金如土”.3.1.3 Giving up the original imageSometimes the image of the source language idiomatic expressions may be either untranslatable or improper to be conveyed to the target language readers even though it can be kept, the translated text would be lengthy in language form and difficult to understand. Or sometimes the image in the source language does not make sense to the target readers at all as the correlation between images and meaning itself is unclear or illogical in the source language and it is absurd or unimaginable for the receptors of the target language. Therefore, we have to sacrifice its image, only retaining its sense, that is to say, to reveal the intended meaning of the source language idioms through brief interpretations. For example:IMAGE-PROCESSING IN TRANSLATION OF CHINESE IDIOMS INTO ENGLISH998望子成龙to wish that one’s son would stand out among his fellows得胜回朝 win the day袖手旁观stand by with folded armsThe Chinese idiom “得胜回朝” in the examples consists of two images. One is “winning the day” and another is “returning to the court”. The meanings conveyed by the two images are different. Why is the second image abandoned in the translated text? The reason is that the first image is the main meaning carrier and the reproduction of the second image in the translated text would be redundant.In general, Image-processing involves three principal methods: (1) to preserve the original image, (2) to change the original image, (3) to give up the original image. The first method is very important in our translation of idiomatic expressions because it could retain the “sentiment” and “charm” of the original. The second is the method of transformation of images. It still makes the language vividly and lively although it transform the original images into new ones.3.2 Frequency of Image Processing MethodsThe second research question is “Which translation method is more frequently used than the others?” Answers to this question were developed based on the statistical results. Results related to frequency of translation methods used are provided in the table below.Table 1Frequencies of Different Image-processing Methods in Translation of Chinese Idioms into EnglishImage-processing Methods Preserving the original image Replacing the original image Giving up the original image Frequency 51 164 101Percentage 16.1% 51.9% 32%* The total number of idioms examined is 316.From Table 1, we can see that in all the idioms surveyed, changing the original image method appeared 164 times; giving up the original image method appeared 101 times; preserving the original image method appeared 51 times. When it comes to the percentage of image-processing methods being used in all the idioms, changing the original image method takes up 51.9%; giving up the original image method takes up 32%; preserving the original image method takes up 16.1%. The overall result of the table shows a declining order of changing the original image, giving up the original image and preserving the original image. From the numbers above, we may find that changing the original image method and giving up the original method take up 83.9% of the total translation methods while preserving the original image takes up 16.1%.3.3 DiscussionAs stated above, changing the original image method and giving up the original method take a leading role in the three basic translation methods in the 316 idioms examined. Preserving the original image method only serves as supplements. Both being a major translation method applied, changing the original image method takes up the superiority over giving up the original method. Why does this happen?Contradictions between images and figurative meanings in English and Chinese idioms show the corresponding relationship between English and Chinese idioms when they indicate their semantic and cultural features. Their corresponding relationship can be divided into three kinds: basic corresponding, semi-corresponding, non-corresponding. Different types of idioms of course calls for different translationIMAGE-PROCESSING IN TRANSLATION OF CHINESE IDIOMS INTO ENGLISH 999methods. As a matter of fact, some idioms conveying specific cultural features have no corresponding equivalents in Chinese and they are considered as cultural vacant idioms. The following are idioms of this type: An Olive Branch 橄榄树枝Aaron’s rod 亚伦的神杖Noah’s ark 诺亚方舟These idioms are all typical cultural vacant idioms bearing traces of English culture. It is chiefly this absence of relevant cultural knowledge that gives rise to misrepresentations of the idiom in some Chinese readers who are not so often exposed to Western culture as the English majors surveyed. Most English and Chinese idioms fall into the category of semi-corresponding and non-corresponding types. It needs to point out, however, that the discussions above are based on the results of the examination of the idioms in one dictionary. Whether or not this situation of the use of changing the original image and the use of giving up the original in Chinese idiom translation stands true across all Chinese-English dictionaries requires more research.4. ConclusionTo sum up, Based on idioms in Chinese-English Dictionary of Chinese Idioms this paper explores the commonly used translating methods and the frequency of their usage through the analysis of the examples of imagery idioms in A Chinese-English Dictionary of Chinese Idioms. The research shows that changing the original image and giving up the original image processing methods in translation of Chinese idioms into English are the two most frequently used methods in this dictionary. Although preserving the original image method serves as supplementary method used, it also has its special advantages over other methods in its capability of being faithful to the original source language and keeping the original flavor of the idioms as well as the Chinese culture and tradition carried by them. It’s intended to provide reference for translation study about imagery in idioms and the teaching and the practice about the translation from Chinese to English.ReferencesBao, H. N. (2001). Cultural context and language translation. Beijing: China Foreign Translation Publishing House.Fan, M., & Chen, T. X. (2002). The translation of Chinese idioms. Shandong Foreign Language Teaching, 5, 94-98.Hu, W. Z. (2001). English idioms and British and American culture. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. Guo, J. Z. (2000). Culture and translation. Beijing: China Foreign Translation Publishing House.Jiang, L. (2001). The conversion of images in E-C idioms translation. Journal of Henan Education Institute, 1, 129-130.Ma, H. (2006). Processing of image language in the English- to-Chinese idiom translation. Journal of Lanzhou Jiao Tong University, 2, 125-128.Makkai, A. (Ed.). (1987). A dictionary of American idioms. New York: Barron’s Educational Series Inc.Newmark, P. (1988). Approaches to translation. London: Prentice Hall International (UK) Ltd.Nida, E. A. (1993). Language, culture and translating. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.Nida, E. A., & Taber, C. R. (1969). The theory and practice of translation. E. J. Leiden: Brill.Yang, C. R. (2001). English idiom and Chinese chengyu. Journal of Tianjin University of Commerce, 62-64.。

汉译英中习语的翻译.

汉译英中习语的翻译
I .The translation of idioms (成语/习语的翻译)
— Phrases
II .The translation of idioms —— Sentence Patterns
1. 毫无疑问，毋庸置疑
•Without doubt/question, ... •There is no doubt that … •It is out of question that…
to you for… • I appreciate one’s doing…
Ⅲ. the way to translate idioms
1.用英语演讲对一个英文教授来说易如反掌。
Chinese meaning: ____很__容__易____
• It’s very easy for sb. to do…
Translate the sentences on your sheet.
• First，write down the Chinese meaning of each underlined idioms.
• Then, translate the whole sentence.
1. 集邮集币其乐无穷。（collect）
2. 由于粗心大意，汤姆错过了这个机会。（miss）（98高考）
3. 依我看，要做这个实验简直是天方夜谭。 (it)
4. 科学家们投身工作时常常废寝忘食。 (devote)
5. 他在异国他乡孤身只影 /孤家寡人，举目无亲。
• He was alone in the foreign country (far from his home), and no relative was near (him) .

中文习语的翻译

中文习语的翻译
Translation of Chinese Idioms
中文习语种类很多，包括谚语、惯用语以及歇后语等。谚语的特点是：比喻生动，寓意深刻，用词精炼，讲究对仗和韵律，朗朗上口，如：一瓶子水不响，半瓶子水乱晃。惯用语是口头上常用的洗练、含蓄的语言，比书面语更具含蓄讽刺、生动形象的比喻性，如门外汉、风凉话、说曹操曹操就到。歇后语是中国百姓中广为流传的一种特殊语言形式，生动形象、诙谐幽默。一般由两部分组成，前半截为形象的比喻，后半截是前面比喻的解释、说明。如：哑巴吃黄连—— 有苦说不出。

“我们这是梅香拜把子——都是奴才啊！” We’re all birds of a feather--- all slaves here.

意译：还有相当一部分习语由于语言结
构和文化背景的缘故，不但没有对应的英文谚语可以套译，而且硬行直译反而会使译文读者不知所云，或使译文牵强附会。此时最好使用意译的方法，以帮助译文读者更好地理解原文。

可是她心中却想：咱骑着毛驴看唱本——走着瞧吧，看究竟是啥原因。 But she was still thinking to herself: “Let’s wait and see what the reason for it turns out to be in the end.” 我在家里呢，是灯草拐杖，做不得柱（主）的。 My position in the family doesn’t permit me to make a decision individually.

惯用语的意译：
风凉话 Irresponsible and sarcastic remarks (不能译为cold words) 炒冷饭 Dish up the same old stuff (不能译为fry the cold rice) 寻短见 Commit suicide or take one’s own life. (不能译为look for a short view)

A_Study_on_the_Translation_of_Chinese_Four-Charact

US-China Foreign Language, July 2023, Vol. 21, No. 7, 279-286doi:10.17265/1539-8080/2023.07.005 A Study on the Translation of Chinese Four-Character Phrases —Taking the Iconology of the Decorated Writing-Paper of the TenBamboo Studio as an ExampleBAO De-wang, XIANG Hua-liNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China The book named Iconology of the Decorated Writing-Paper of the Ten Bamboo Studio is a collection of arch andwoodblock paintings of Ming Dynasty, which is translated by the authors of this paper. The translation of this bookis mainly about the notes and provenance of the paintings. The goal of this paper is to describe the translation activityof Chinese four-character phrases with the practical translation methods and techniques including paraphrase,omission, addition, and shift, which is the most difficult part during the translation process of this book. The authorin this paper hopes that the methods for the translation of Chinese four-character phrases will provide certain help forthe understanding and spread of Chinese classical stories from the book Iconology of the Decorated Writing-Paperof the Ten Bamboo Studio.Keywords: Iconology of the Decorated Writing-Paper of the Ten Bamboo Studio, four-character phrases, translationstrategiesIntroductionIn the process of translating the book Iconology of the Decorated Writing-Paper of the Ten Bamboo Studio , 118 cases were selected from the project, including 26 cases applying omission translation method accounting for 22.0% of the total, 45 cases applied shift translation method, accounting for 38.1%, two cases applied addition, accounting for 1.8% of the total, and 45 cases applied paraphrase, accounting for 38.1%. Methods of paraphrase and shift are most frequently used, and the sum of the two reaches 76.2% of the whole. In this paper, the authors will separately illustrate the use of the four translation methods mentioned above in the translation practice, and at the same time the authors also explain the reasons for using these translation methods. It is intended to provide practical suggestions and references for the future translation of the painting, and at the same time contribute to the spread of Chinese culture. Acknowledgements: Thanks to the committee of Jiangsu Social Science. This paper is funded by Jiangsu Social Science Fund: The Iconography of the Decorated Writing-Paper of the Ten Bamboo Studio , which number is 20YYB005. This paper is also funded by Teaching Reform Project for Postgraduate Education (Construction of High-Quality Teaching Resources): Translation Industry Training (No. 2023YJXGG-C25), which is organized by the Postgraduate College of NUAA.BAO De-wang, Ph.D., professor, College of Foreign Languages, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China. XIANG Hua-li, associate professor, College of Foreign Languages, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China.D A VID PUBLISHINGDA STUDY ON THE TRANSLATION OF CHINESE FOUR-CHARACTER PHRASES280ParaphraseVia a large number of translation cases, the authors found that when the first two words and the last two words of a four-character phrases are parallel, but of different expressions, the translation method of paraphrase can be applied. In addition, in this translation practice, the method of paraphrase also applied to descriptive words which involve behaviors, condition, and allusions.Parallel PhrasesST: 诗句意为韩康不看重金钱名利，自己在云山之中逍遥畅快地采药卖药。

中式英语之鉴阅读

中式英语之鉴阅读Here is an essay on the topic of "Appreciating Chinese-Influenced English" with a word count exceeding 1,000 words, written entirely in English without any additional titles or punctuation.The English language has evolved significantly over the centuries with various influences from different cultures and regions around the world. One of the most fascinating and unique forms of English is what is often referred to as "Chinese-influenced English" or "Chinglish." This hybrid linguistic style has emerged as a result of the dynamic interaction between the Chinese language and the English language, creating a distinctive mode of expression that offers valuable insights into cross-cultural communication and the adaptability of language.At its core, Chinglish represents the creative and pragmatic attempts of Chinese speakers to navigate the complexities of the English language. As individuals strive to convey their thoughts and ideas in a foreign tongue, they inevitably draw upon the linguistic structures, idioms, and cultural references of their native Chinese language. This fusion of linguistic elements gives rise to a unique linguistic landscape that is both intriguing and illuminating.One of the most prominent features of Chinglish is the direct translation of Chinese idioms and expressions into English. This process, known as "literal translation," often results in phrases that may seem nonsensical or humorous to native English speakers, but which carry profound meaning and cultural significance in the Chinese context. For instance, the Chinglish phrase "the old man under the tree" might be a direct translation of the Chinese idiom "树下老人," which refers to a wise and experienced individual who imparts valuable knowledge and guidance. Similarly, the expression "to add oil" in Chinglish is a literal translation of the Chinese phrase "加油," which is used to encourage and motivate others. These linguistic quirks not only highlight the differences between the two languages but also offer a glimpse into the unique worldviews and cultural perspectives of Chinese speakers.Moreover, Chinglish often reflects the influence of Chinese grammatical structures on the usage of English. Chinese is a language that is characterized by its conciseness and the omission of certain grammatical elements, such as articles and pronouns. When Chinese speakers translate these linguistic features directly into English, the result can be sentences that appear incomplete or unconventional to native English speakers. For example, the Chinglish phrase "I go to school" might be a direct translation of the Chinese sentence "我去上学," where the pronoun "I" and the article"the" are omitted. While this construction may seem unnatural in standard English, it reflects the underlying logic and linguistic patterns of the Chinese language.Interestingly, Chinglish also showcases the creative and adaptive nature of language. As Chinese speakers grapple with the challenges of expressing themselves in English, they often develop novel ways of using words and phrases that defy the conventional norms of the language. This linguistic creativity can be seen in the coining of new terms, the repurposing of existing words, and the blending of Chinese and English elements. For instance, the term "self-service" in Chinglish might be used to refer to a situation where an individual is expected to take care of their own needs, rather than relying on the assistance of others. This innovative usage of the term "self-service" reflects the practical and resourceful mindset of Chinese speakers as they navigate the linguistic landscape of English.Furthermore, Chinglish can be seen as a testament to the resilience and adaptability of the English language. As it encounters and assimilates influences from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds, English demonstrates its remarkable capacity to evolve and accommodate new forms of expression. The emergence of Chinglish not only enriches the global tapestry of English but also highlights the language's ability to serve as a medium for cross-cultural exchange and understanding.In the realm of business and international communication, Chinglish can play a crucial role in bridging cultural divides and facilitating effective dialogue. As Chinese companies and individuals engage with the global marketplace, their use of Chinglish can provide valuable insights into their thought processes, cultural references, and communication styles. By understanding and appreciating the nuances of Chinglish, native English speakers can cultivate a deeper appreciation for the cultural context and perspectives of their Chinese counterparts, ultimately leading to more productive and meaningful exchanges.Moreover, the study of Chinglish can offer valuable lessons in language learning and intercultural communication. By examining the patterns and mechanisms underlying Chinglish, linguists and educators can gain valuable insights into the challenges and strategies employed by language learners. This knowledge can inform the development of more effective language teaching methodologies and materials, helping to bridge the gap between the Chinese and English languages and fostering greater cross-cultural understanding.In conclusion, the phenomenon of Chinglish is a fascinating and multifaceted aspect of the English language. It represents the creative and adaptive efforts of Chinese speakers to navigate thelinguistic landscape of English, while also reflecting the rich cultural heritage and unique perspectives of the Chinese language. By appreciating and studying Chinglish, we can gain a deeper understanding of the dynamic interplay between language and culture, and the remarkable resilience and adaptability of the English language as it continues to evolve and embrace diverse influences from around the world.。

翻译第十四讲(汉语成语英译例析)

整理ppt
5
to fish up a needle from the sea a stork among chicken even the fowls and dogs are not spared from killing gentleman of the beams like a fish getting back into water kill the hen to get the egg enjoy longevity like Mt. Nanshan to scoop up the moon from the water When rabbits are exterminated, the dogs will be slaughtered.
4）“四海之内，皆兄弟也”，相烦借一条路。
Within the four seas all are brothers, so let us use your road.
整理ppt
3
5）“宝姐姐，你还不拧她的嘴？你问问她编派你的话！”宝扠笑道：“不用问，狗嘴里还有象牙不成！”
“Pinch her lips, Chai!” she said, “You should hear what she has been saying about you.” “I don’t need to,” said Baochai. “One doesn’t expect ivory from a dog’s mouth!”
Translation(14)
Translation of Chinese Idioms 汉语成语英译例析
整理ppt
1
1. Literal Translation 1) “对牛弹琴”这句话，含有讥笑对象的意思。

汉译英习语翻译

Features of Idioms
5、习语常利用声音的和谐来达到易懂易记、顺口入耳、生动有力的目的。习语常利用声音的和谐来达到易懂易记、顺口入耳、生动有力的目的。利用韵脚：狗咬吕洞宾，不识好人心；一招鲜，吃遍天；良药苦口利于病，忠言逆利用韵脚耳利于行； A friend in need is a friend indeed. East or west, home is best. Man proposes, God disposes. Health is better than wealth. Beggars should not be choosers. fair and square; high and dry; wear and tear. 利用双声：利用双声：八面玲珑，聪明伶俐，慷慨激昂，明媚灿烂 Alliteration: as blind as a bat, as busy as a bee, as clear as crystal, as dead as a doornail, as cool as a cucumber, as red as a rose, as proud as a peacock, at sixes and sevens, spick and span, then and there through thick and thin tit for tat neither fish, flesh or fowl Care killed the cat. Money makes the mare to go. Many men, many minds. Speech is silver (silvern), silence is golden.
一年之计在于春一箭双雕趁热打铁一个巴掌拍不响

第13讲 idioms

@ ZENG Wen-hua 2
3. Divorce has become a lucrative process, simple to arrange and easy to forget; and ambitious females can repeat it as often as they please and parlay their winnings to astronomical figures. (Roald Dahl, Mrs Bixby and the Colonel’s Coat) 离婚已经成了盈利赚钱的方式，安排方便，忘掉简单；野心勃勃的女士便可随心所欲，反复离婚，从中获利可达天文数字。 hyperbole
@ ZENG Wen-hua
1
2.It has the poorest millionaires, the littlest great men, the haughtiest beggars, the plainest beauties, the lowest skyscrapers, the dolefulest pleasures of any town I ever saw. (O. Henry The Duel) 这座城市里有的是心灵最空虚的百万富翁，人格最渺小的伟人，最目空一切的草包，最使人瞧不上眼的美女，最卑鄙龌龊的摩天大楼，和最令人悲哀的娱乐，比我所见到的任何城市都有过之而无不及。 oxymoron
@ ZENG Wen-hua 9
In a narrow sense
four-character phrases / set phrases 班门弄斧 (to show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter; display one’s slight skill before an expert) 指鹿为马 (to call a stag a horse; to deliberately confound right and wrong) 风平浪静 (the wind dropped, and the waves subsided; everything goes very smoothly) 小题大做 (trivial topic, long article) 后来居上 (latecomers become the first)

江十六大翻译例子

Topic 25 The Translation of Chinese Idioms and Four-CharacterPhrases into English汉语成语及“四字格”的英译Teaching aims: to master the techniques of translating Chinese idiomsMain Language points: 1. The translation of Chinese idioms 2. The rendering of four-character phrasesDifficult teaching points: the strategies of translating Chinese idiomsTeaching references: 1. 孙致礼，新编英汉翻译教程2. 陈宏薇，新编汉英翻译教程3. 彭长江英汉－汉英翻译教程Teaching methods: Analysis and PracticeTime arrangement: 2 periodsWhat is an idiom? To quote Li Fu-ning, “An idiom is an element of a language that possesses a unique way of expression based on its time-honoured use.” In other words, an idiom is a fixed group of words or a single word, or even a sentence, with a special meaning that cannot be guessed from its structure. That is to say, the meaning of an idiom must be learned as a whole. In English Idioms and How to Use Them J. Seidle et al point out that idioms “ are not a separate part of the language which one can choose either to use or omit, but they form an essential part of the language.”The Chinese equivalent for idioms is “成语” or “习语”, or even “熟语”. Now let‟s look at the definition of an idiom(成语) in 汉英双解《现代汉语词典》：“【成语】人们长期以来习用的、简洁精辟的定型词组或短句。

English - and - Chinese - Idioms - Translation[1]

English - and - Chinese - Idioms - Translation[1]苏晓宁 2021303172 13010802Professor Ruan HongmeiTheory and Practice of Translation Between English and ChineseEnglish and Chinese Idioms TranslationBoth Britain and China have a long history which creates many idioms and they are widely used in people’s daily life. However, because of the differences in geographic environment, culture traditions, social customs and religions, there are some difficulties in the translation between English and Chinese idioms. The purpose of this paper is to show the aspects thatinfluence the translation of English and Chinese idioms, and to offer some methods in idioms translation.Geographic environment is the foundation of humans’ existence and development, so different geographic environments have different influences on the formation and development of the nations’ culture (李红艳，2021). Chinais always a country which agriculture plays an important role since ancient time, so a large number of idioms related to agriculture have been in use.e.g. (1) 槁木死灰――withered wood or cold ashes (2) 骨瘦如柴――belean as a rakeLiving on an island, the English are keen on sailing and traveling, the English language abounds in idioms connected with navigation (Ouyang Hongxiang, 2021).e.g. (1) all at sea――不知所措(2) in the same boat――同舟共济1Culture traditions also have a profound influence on the language. Many Chinese idioms come from fables, historical events and folk legends (李红艳，2021).e.g. (1) 亡羊补牢――It’s never too late to mend.(2) 三顾茅庐――make three calls at the thatched cottage (3) 愚公移山――how Yukong moved the mountainsCompared with that, many English idioms are from ancient Greek and Roman myths and the works written by great masters such as Shakespeare (李红艳，2021).e.g. (1) the Trojan horse――特洛伊木马(2) arrow of Cupid――丘比特之箭(3)at one fell swoop――刹那之间Social custom is an important part of culture and it is also a critical difference between English and Chinese culture. The differences are indicated from the idioms related to animals and colors (李红艳，2021 ). In China,idioms related to dragon are usually positive while idioms related to dog are often negative. However, English idioms are opposite. Red is usuallyconsidered as a symbol of happiness and thriving, but it is usually related to violence and blood in English.e.g. (1) 狗急跳墙――a concerned beast will do something desperate (2)乘龙快婿――an ideal son-in-law (3) a lucky dog――幸运儿(4) Love me, love my dog――爱屋及乌 (5) 红极一时――the day in the sun2(6) a red rag to a bull――激起暴怒的缘由Every nationality has its own religious belief and culture and it has influence on human’s values, behaviors and ling uistic expression. As a result, many idioms related to religion appeared in both English and Chinese (李红艳，2021). Buddhism and Taoism are the two major religions in China’s history. On the other hand, Christianity has the biggest impact in Europe, and manyEnglish idioms are from the Bible and Christianity.e.g. (1) 借花献佛――offer a present to a guest with other people’sthings(2) 道高一尺，魔高一丈――While the priest climbs a post, the devil climbs ten (3) finger on the wall――不祥之兆(4) Forbidden fruit is sweetest――禁果分外甜Because of the culture differences existed between China and Britain, itis almost impossible to achieve absolute equivalency in translation. What the translator can do is just to make the translation as close as the meaning ofthe original work. Several methods can be used in the translation of idioms such as literal translation, semantic translation, a combination of the two methods and annotation.Literal translation is not word for word but the translation of theoriginal thoughts and contents without changing the way of expression. This method best shows the national traits of original works(吕瑞昌等 et al., 1983). By using the literal translation, translators can remain the characters of original works and make the reader realize the culture of foreign countries.e.g. (1) 有其父必有其子――like father, like son3(2)好事不出门，恶事行千里。

中国习语的英语翻译ppt课件

3.注意使译文尽可能地保持原文的风格和形象形象性。这样做的前提是：既要保证译文的准确性，又要保证译文的可接受性。
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Attention 1.Accuracy是翻译最重要的原则.成语是人类经过长期实践与认识凝结而成的语言精华, 有的成语从字面上就可以理解其含义,而有的成语则必须知道其来源或典故才能理解其真实含义。只有在理解的基础上,才能进行正确的翻译。
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2.注意源语语义的褒贬和语气的轻重。有些成语表示褒义，有些表示贬义，而有些则是中性。在翻译时一定要根据语境弄清成语的褒贬色彩。
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知足常乐 A man who is contented will be happy. A contented mind is a perpetual feast. Enough is as good as a feast. Happiness consists in contentment.
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笨鸟先飞 The early bird catches the worn. Clumsy birds have to start flying early -- the slow need to start
early. A slow sparrow should make an early start.
stays near ink gets stained black.
2
留得青山在，不愁没柴烧。 As long as the green hills are there, one need not worry about
firewood. If I have lost the ring, yet the fingers are still here . While there is a life, there is hope.

汉译英中习语的翻译

居安思危 be prepared for danger in times of safety
敬而远之 at a respectful distance give a wide berth to 井水不犯河水 one should care his own business
井底之蛙 a person with a very limited outlook 精益求精 keep improving 精神饱满 in fine feather as fresh as paint be red-blooded
Translate the sentences on your sheet.
First,write down the Chinese , meaning of each underlined idioms. Then, translate the whole sentence.
1. 集邮集币其乐无穷.(collect) 集邮集币其乐无穷.( 其乐无穷.( ) 2. 由于粗心大意,汤姆错过了这个机会. 由于粗心大意汤姆错过了这个机会. 粗心大意, )(98高考 (miss)( 高考) )( 高考) 3. 依我看,要做这个实验简直是天方夜依我看,要做这个实验简直是天方夜谭. (it) 4. 科学家们投身工作时常常废寝忘食. 科学家们投身工作时常常废寝忘食废寝忘食. (devote) 5. 政府费了九牛二虎之力维护生态平衡. 政府费了九牛二虎之力维护生态平衡. 费了九牛二虎之力维护生态平衡 (balance) 6. 尽管他俩是双胞胎,但性格截然不同, 尽管他俩是双胞胎,但性格截然不同截然不同, 各有千秋. 各有千秋.(despite)
简而言之 at a word to sum up cut a long story short in short to conclude 最后(一句话) 最后(一句话) make the story short 情不自禁 let oneself go can't help doing... cannot help oneself

The Translation and Interpretation of Idioms

The frog in the well knows nothing of the
great ocean. 井底之蛙，不知大海。
Part Two
Some Other Commonly-used Idioms
好人不长寿，祸害遗千年。 A bad thing never dies
It’s an ill bird that fouls own nest. 家丑不可外扬。
Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。 A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。
A horse may stumble on four feet. 马有四条腿，亦有失蹄时。
A running horse needs no spur. 奔马无需鞭策。
Don’t put the cart before the horse. 不要将大车套在马前面。（处理问题应按
狗嘴里长不出象牙来。 A cracked bell can never sound well.
上梁不正下梁歪。 A crooked stick will have a crooked
shadow.
A deceitful peace is more hurtful than an
open war. 明枪易躲，暗箭难防。
A door must be either shut or open. 门非关即开；二者择其一。
病急乱投医 A drowning man will clutch at a straw.
有钱能使鬼推磨。 A golden key opens every door.

成语的英语翻译

成语的英语翻译Idioms are an essential part of any language as they convey meaning that often cannot be translated directly word for word. Translating idioms from Chinese to English can be a challenge, as the cultural context and nuances may differ. Let us explore the translation of some common Chinese idioms into English.1. 画蛇添足(huà shé tiān zú) - Drawing Legs on a SnakeThis idiom means to ruin something by trying to improve it unnecessarily. In English, a similar idiom is "gilding the lily" or "carrying coals to Newcastle."2. 狐假虎威(hú jiǎ hǔ wēi) - A Fox Borrowing the Tiger's Might This idiom describes someone using the power or authority of another to intimidate others. In English, a similar expression is "wolves in sheep's clothing."3. 一箭双雕(yī jiàn shuāng diāo) - Kill Two Birds with One Stone This idiom means to accomplish two things at once. The English translation perfectly matches the Chinese: "kill two birds with one stone."4. 对牛弹琴 (duì niú tán qín) - Playing the Harp to a CowThis idiom refers to explaining something to someone who is incapable of understanding or appreciating it. In English, a similar phrase is "casting pearls before swine."5. 画龙点睛(huà lóng diǎn jīng) - Adding the Finishing Touches This idiom means adding a crucial detail that completes orenhances something. In English, a similar phrase is "putting the cherry on top."6. 杀鸡取卵(shā jī qǔ luǎn) - Killing the Chicken to Get the Eggs This idiom describes short-sighted actions that sacrifice long-term gains for immediate benefits. In English, a similar phrase is "killing the goose that lays the golden eggs."7. 大海捞针(dà hǎi lāo zhēn) - Finding a Needle in a HaystackThis idiom means searching for something that is challenging or nearly impossible to find. The English translation is the same: "finding a needle in a haystack."8. 跳梁小丑(tiào liáng xiǎo chǒu) - Jumping ClownThis idiom refers to someone who tries to attract attention and acts foolishly for others' amusement. In English, a similar phrase is "a court jester."9. 守株待兔(shǒu zhū dài tù) - Waiting by a Stump for a HareThis idiom describes waiting passively for opportunities without taking any action. In English, a similar phrase is "waiting for the fish to jump into your net."10. 脱颖而出 (t uō yǐng ér chū) - Stand Out from the CrowdThis idiom means to excel and differentiate oneself from others. In English, a similar phrase is "rise above the rest."These are just a few examples of how Chinese idioms can be translated into English. It is important to note that idioms vary across cultures and languages, so sometimes a direct translation isnot possible. Translating idioms requires a deep understanding of both languages and their respective cultures.。

1[1][1].汉语成语的英译

Translation of Chinese Idioms汉语成语英译1.Definition1). 成语—人们长期以来习用的、形式简洁而意思精辟的、定型的词组或短语。

（《现代汉语词典》）2). An idiom is an expression which functions as a single unit and whose meaning cannot be worked out from its separate parts. (Longman Dictionary of Applied Linguistics, 1985) 成语（习语）作为一种表达式，在功能上相当于一个单位，其意义不能从各个组成部分得出。

成语是一种人们长期以来相沿习用的、具有固定的结构形式和完整的意义内容、带有书面语色彩的固定短语。

2. Features (特征）1).结构严整，对仗工整（form)汉语成语结构紧密,一般不能任意变动词序,抽换或增减其中的成分,具有结构的凝固性，其形式以四字格居多。

三三两两by twos and threes才高八斗of great erudition/have profound learning2).言简意赅，形象生动（sense)成语言词简练，可用来表达丰富的思想内涵。

不可救药beyond cure/hopeless/incurable/in c orrigible画饼充饥draw a cake and call it a dinner (literal)feed on illusions/eat the air (free)抛砖引玉cast a brick to attract jade/cast a brick to get a gem (literal)make a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions (free)洋洋得意be immensely proud with success/look triumphant /tread (walk) on air (free)3). 琅琅上口，易学易记（sound)汉语成语结构对仗工整，具有音韵美，读起来琅琅上口，较易记住。

功能语境视域下《庄子》实用成语英译探析——以汪榕培《庄子》为例

功能语境视域下《庄子》实用成语英译探析——以汪榕培《庄子》为例仇轶凡李秀英内容摘要：古代成语高度浓缩了中国传统文化语境，言简义丰，内部语法关系复杂。

《庄子》中的成语翻译是该部经典译介的难点之一。

本文依托功能语境理论，从上下文语境、情景语境、文化语境三个层面切入，分析汪榕培《庄子》英译本对实用成语的跨时空语境重构的策略及特点。

通过定量和定性相结合的研究方法，发现在成语的跨时空语境重构上，汪译本较好地兼顾了《庄子》中成语的表意、修辞效果与文化内涵，体现了《庄子》蕴含着的丰富思想。

关键词：功能语境；《庄子》；实用成语；翻译策略基金项目：本文是国家社科基金一般项目（基于平行语料库的中国历代官制术语英译语义溯源与概念重构机制研究ZX20190273）阶段性研究成果。

作者简介：仇轶凡，大连大学英语学院在读研究生，研究方向为翻译研究。

李秀英，大连理工大学外国语学院，教授，博士，研究方向为典籍翻译。

Title: An Investigation into the Translation Strategies of Practical Idiomatic Expressions in Zhuangzi from the Perspective of Functional Context: A Case Study of Wang Rongpei’s English Version of ZhuangziAbstract: Ancient Chinese idioms are characterized by the culturally-contextualized implications, concise diction and complex grammatical patterns. Introducing the idioms in Zhuangzi into English appropriately consists of one of the challenges encountered in the translation of this classic. The paper aims to conduct a functional context-based analysis featuring the strategies for reconstructing the co-textual context, situational context and culture-specific context of idioms in Wang Rongpei’s English translation of Zhuangzi. With the quantitative and qualitative analysis, this paper concludes that Wang Rongpei’s English version produces a good version of the original idioms in terms of sense, rhetorical features and cultural connotations of the idiomatic expressions.Key words: Functional context; ZHUANGZI; practical idiomatic expression; translation strategies Authors: Qiu Yifan is postgraduate of Translation Studies at the School of English Studies, Dalian University(Dalian116622,China).E-mail:182****************.Li Xiuying is Professor of Translation Studies on Chinese classics at the School of Foreign Languages, Dalian University of Technology(Dalian116024,China).E-mail:******************.cn103仇轶凡、李秀英：功能语境视域下《庄子》实用成语英译探析——以汪榕培《庄子》为例《庄子》中的成语既兼顾成语普遍特点，又体现了庄子的哲学思想语境及其所处时代的社会文化语境，呈现出以寓言达旨与对举的修辞特点。

A Comparative Study of the Translation of English and Chinese idioms

2422019年30期总第470期翻译研究ENGLISH ON CAMPUSA Comparative Study of the Translation of English and Chinese idioms文/Xu Jing【Abstracts】Idiom refers to fixed phrase or short sentence extracted from social practice for a long time. It is created bypeople of all nationalities in the long-term use of language. Thus, idioms often have strong national, historical and local color and carry profound cultural connotations. This paper, through the analysis of the cultural differences between China andforeign countries, tries to find a solution to the translation of Chinese and English idioms.【Key words】idiom translation; cultural differences; translation methods 【作者简介】Xu Jing, Yantai Nanshan University.2. Cultural differences between English and Chinese idiomsThe cultural differences are analyzed as follows: regional cultural difference, historical and cultural differences and social custom difference.2.1 Regional cultural differencesRegional culture concerns the culture moulded by theregion, natural conditions and geographical environment. In terms of regional culture, different ethnic groups usually use varying language forms to convey the same phenomenon. (Zhu, 1997). Different location and geographical environment1. IntroductionAccording to Wang Zuoliang, the most difficult part in translation lies in the varying cultures. In Chinese, Idioms often have fixed structure. Some also represents historical allusionsand carries implied intentions. Some may use metaphor orother rhetoric to express meaning. While in English, idiom refers to a group of words whose meaning is varying from the meanings of each separable words. In a sense, idiomsreflect the peculiar culture of a country or a nation. Therefore, when translating idioms, the figure of speech, and cultural information should be taken into consideration.解。

中国名著英语作文

中国名著英语作文In the realm of literature, China boasts a rich tapestry of stories and characters that have been cherished for centuries. Translating these classic works into English not only allows for a broader appreciation of Chinese culture but alsoprovides English learners with a unique perspective on language and storytelling.Introduction:Chinese literature is a treasure trove of wisdom andnarrative excellence. From the ancient dynasties to the modern era, stories have been passed down through generations, reflecting the cultural ethos and historical events of China. The challenge of translating these works into English is to maintain the essence of the original text while making it accessible to a non-Chinese audience.Body:1. Classics of Chinese Literature:- "Journey to the West" by Wu Cheng'en, a tale of a pilgrimage to obtain sacred texts, is a prime example of Chinese fantasy literature.- "Dream of the Red Chamber" by Cao Xueqin, which delves into the intricacies of family dynamics and societal norms.- "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" by Luo Guanzhong, a historical novel that portrays the power struggles and alliances during the Three Kingdoms period.2. Cultural Significance:- These works often contain allegories and philosophical musings that are deeply rooted in Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism.- The characters are often symbolic, representing virtues or vices that are central to Chinese ethics.3. Translation Challenges:- Translating Chinese classics into English requires a deep understanding of both languages and cultures.- Idioms, poetry, and cultural references can be particularly challenging to translate accurately without losing their impact.4. English Composition:- When writing an English composition on Chinese classics, it is important to provide a brief overview of the plot.- Discuss the cultural and historical context to help readers understand the significance of the work.- Analyze the characters and themes, drawing connections to universal human experiences.5. Examples of Composition:- "In 'Journey to the West,' the character of Sun Wukong, the Monkey King, embodies the spirit of rebellion and transformation."- "The intricate relationships and social commentary in'Dream of the Red Chamber' offer insights into the complexities of human nature."- "The strategic battles and political maneuvering in 'The Romance of the Three Kingdoms' serve as a metaphor for thehuman struggle for power and unity."Conclusion:The translation of Chinese classic literature into English is a bridge between two cultures. It allows English speakers to delve into the rich history and philosophy of China, while also enhancing their own language skills. By writing English compositions on these classics, students can demonstratetheir understanding of both the literary work and the broader cultural context.Recommendations:- Encourage students to read multiple translations of the same work to compare different translators' approaches.- Discuss the importance of preserving cultural nuances in translation.- Explore the impact of Chinese literature on global storytelling and its influence on other literary traditions.By engaging with Chinese classics in English, students not only improve their language proficiency but also gain a deeper appreciation for the cultural richness that these works offer.。

汉语习语的翻译

脍炙人口
• sliced
and roast meat is pleasant to everybody’s taste; poems and pieces of prose are so excellent as to please every reader • 脍炙人口中，脍是切成精细的小片的鱼肉或肉，炙是烤肉。脍炙人口为紧缩结构，字面意义是，好吃的东西人人都爱吃，多用于比喻好的诗文令大家赏心悦目。 •
•
调虎离山
• lure the tiger so that it will leave the mountain where it lives; lure somebody to leave his advantageous location so as to overwhelm him • 调虎离山是兼语结构，字面意义是，想办法引诱老虎使它离开它所生活的山，因而使其失去地理优势，以便战胜老虎。此成语多用于指称战争策略。战争中，一方占据地理优势，另一方为了改变这种局面，故意引诱它离开占据优势的地方，以便使其失去优势进而战而胜之。
• 粗枝大叶为并列结构，字面意义是，枝子很粗，叶子很大，很不精细。通常当马虎大意和粗心大意使用。
闻所未闻
• hearing what has never been heard before; rarely or seldom heard of
• 闻所未闻为动宾结构，字面意义是听到了从未听到过的，通常用于指事理或论述的新鲜、奇特。 •
泰然处之
• behavior with composure; not slightly affected • 泰然处之为偏正结构，意思为遇到事情能冷静对待，用时多用本义。有时也用泰然自若。 •

英语翻译专业毕业论文选题之欧阳文创编

“论文学翻译过程”“语义翻译和交际翻译理论在英汉翻译中的运用”“英语句子成分的省略及汉译”“文学翻译中隐喻的传译”一、选题范围1、翻译与文化：可以从宏观和微观两个方面考虑。

宏观方面，一般从翻译在目的语社会文化中的生产、接受、翻译在目的语社会文化中所起的功能等角度讨论，可以从社会、文化、历史、交际的视角切入。

阐述为什么有那样的译文？如严复的翻译，林纾的翻译，傅东华翻译《漂》时为什么使用归化的手段，鲁迅翻译的策略，翻译材料的选择等等。

微观方面，可以讨论语言文字所承载的文化内容和内涵如何在翻译中表达，如文化负载词的翻译策略等。

2、翻译与语言学理论：可以从篇章语言学，功能语言学（如喊韩礼德的系统功能理论等），对比语言学，心理语言学，交际语言学、文化语言学等方面考虑选题。

如功能语言学和篇章语言学中讨论的衔接与连贯及其翻译，也可以讨论他们在英语和汉语中的差别入手，进一步讨论他们在翻译中的处理，主位、述位的推进极其在翻译中的体现。

英语汉语对比及其翻译策略等等。

3、翻译与语文学。

主要从艺术的角度讨论文学翻译中的问题。

4、应用翻译：主要从特殊用途英语如商务英语、科技英语、旅游英语等方面讨论在这些特殊领域中涉及的翻译问题如何处理。

如旅游宣传资料的翻译等。

5、译文对比：可以是同一篇文章、同一本书，不同的译者在同以时期或不同时期进行的翻译做的对比，也可以是同一个译者对同一篇文章或书在不同时期的翻译的对比；可以是翻译技巧等微观层面的对比，也可以是宏观曾面的对比，以探索为什么在不同时期译者回采取不同的策略，有哪些社会的、文化的、政治的、意识形态的原因？6、翻译及评论：首先选择一篇长文，一般是文学作品且没有人翻译过，进行翻译，翻译完后，从上述五个方面选择一个理论视角对自己的翻译进行评论。

7、译者风格。

8、翻译与美学。

二、选题方法：上述各个方面均可写出几本甚至几十本专著，因此大家从上述方面可以选出一个写作的范围。

缩小选题范围：首先是广泛浏览上述各有关方面翻译研究资料，以确定自己对哪方面感兴趣且有话可说，这是缩小范围的第一步。