广东省高中英语学业水平测试(小高考)同步复习课件 语法突破 考点五 形容词和副词
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考点五 形容词和副词
-2-
考点
形容词 和副词
考纲解读
了解形容词和副词的基本用 法;熟知考纲内要求掌握的 形容词、副词的意义,辨析 常用的相近词、易混词;掌 握比较等级的用法及其修饰 语;掌握表示比较的常用句 型。
命题趋势
1.形容词、副词的题目 侧重考查考生在具体语 境中灵活运用形容词、 副词的能力。 2.从学业水平考试来看, 主要考查:①形容词和副 词的比较等级;②形容词 和副词之间的转换;③名 词转换为形容词。
highly 高度地
widely 广泛地
deep 深地
close 近地
deeply 深深地
closely 密切地
-4-
例:An eagle is circling high overhead. The government thinks highly of his invention. 例:She opened her mouth wide so that the doctor could see clearly. These school rules are widely regarded as too strict. 例:The scientists went deep into the cave. We were all deeply moved by his story. (2)也有一些这样的副词意义毫无关联。 1.hard;hardly hard努力地;艰苦地 hardly几乎不 例:She worked hard and succeeded eventually. 例:He was so weak that he could hardly say a word.
-10-
四、熟记构词法——形容词、副词 1.名词变形容词的方法 (1)一些名词,包括一些与“天气”有关的名词,后面加-y可变成形容词。 如:rain—rainy,cloud—cloudy,wind—windy,snow—snowy等。 注意: 第一,以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母的名词,将其变 为形容词时须双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如:sun—sunny,fun— funny等。第二,少数以不发音的-e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去 掉-e,再加-y。如:noise—noisy,ice—icy等。 (2)一些抽象名词在其词尾加-ful可以变为形容词。如:care— careful,help—helpful,use—useful等。 (3)一些表示国家的名词可以在其词尾加-ese或-n构成形容词。 如:Japan—Japanese,America—American,Australia—Australian等。 注意:Canada—Canadian,China—Chinese,England—English。
-5-
te;lately late“晚;迟”,是具体的时间晚了、迟到了;lately“近来;最近;前不久”。 例:Tom arrived late and missed the beginning of the meeting. 例:The old man has been doing a lot of gardening lately. 3.most;mostly most“十分;非常;很” mostly“大部分地;主要地”。 例:This is a most beautiful park. 例:She uses her car mostly for going to work.
-7-
等级 形式
...最高级+比较范围 ...比较级+than any
other+单数名词 最 ...比较级+than all the 高 other+复数名词 级 ...比较级+than
anything/anyone else (否定句中)...a/an+ 比较级+单数可数名词
意义 ……中最…… 比任何一个……都……
-3-
第1步 技法探究
一、与形容词同形的副词
一般情况下形容词词尾加-ly可以构成副词,但英语中也有一类副词,
不是以-ly结尾,而是与形容词同形,这两种同根的副词意义大都不
同。
(1)通常与形容词同形的副词表示直接、具体意义,-ly结尾的副词 表示抽象意义。常用的这类副词有:
high 高地
wide 宽地
-9-
三、通过倍数的修饰来表示比较意义的句式 (1)...倍数+as...as... 例:Your school is three times as big as ours. (2)...倍数+比较级+than... 例:Your school is three times bigger than ours. (3)...倍数+the size(height,width,length,etc.)of... 例:Your school is three times the size of ours. (4)倍数+what从句 例:Our average income is almost five times what we earned five years ago. (5)比较级+than...+by+倍数 例:The population of this city is larger than that of our city by three times.
-6-
二、形容词和副词的比较等级
等级 形式
...as+原级+as... 原级 ...not as/so+
原级+as...
...比较级+than...
比 较 级
the+比较级..., the+比较级... 比较级+and+比较级...
the+比较级+of the two
(+名词)
意义 ……和……一样…… ……不如…… ……比……更…… 越……就越…… 越来越…… 两者中较……的那个
比其他所有……都……
比任何一个……都……
没有比……更……的
Hale Waihona Puke -8-例:Tom sings as well as that famous singer. 例:He doesn’t play the piano as well as his father. 例:She looks younger than her younger sister. 例:He learns more quickly than his roommates. 例:The more he studies,the happier he feels. 例:The girl becomes more and more excited. 例:The taller one of the two girls is my deskmate. 例:Of all the students in this class,Mary is the best. 例:How beautifully she draws!I have never seen a better picture.
-2-
考点
形容词 和副词
考纲解读
了解形容词和副词的基本用 法;熟知考纲内要求掌握的 形容词、副词的意义,辨析 常用的相近词、易混词;掌 握比较等级的用法及其修饰 语;掌握表示比较的常用句 型。
命题趋势
1.形容词、副词的题目 侧重考查考生在具体语 境中灵活运用形容词、 副词的能力。 2.从学业水平考试来看, 主要考查:①形容词和副 词的比较等级;②形容词 和副词之间的转换;③名 词转换为形容词。
highly 高度地
widely 广泛地
deep 深地
close 近地
deeply 深深地
closely 密切地
-4-
例:An eagle is circling high overhead. The government thinks highly of his invention. 例:She opened her mouth wide so that the doctor could see clearly. These school rules are widely regarded as too strict. 例:The scientists went deep into the cave. We were all deeply moved by his story. (2)也有一些这样的副词意义毫无关联。 1.hard;hardly hard努力地;艰苦地 hardly几乎不 例:She worked hard and succeeded eventually. 例:He was so weak that he could hardly say a word.
-10-
四、熟记构词法——形容词、副词 1.名词变形容词的方法 (1)一些名词,包括一些与“天气”有关的名词,后面加-y可变成形容词。 如:rain—rainy,cloud—cloudy,wind—windy,snow—snowy等。 注意: 第一,以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母的名词,将其变 为形容词时须双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如:sun—sunny,fun— funny等。第二,少数以不发音的-e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去 掉-e,再加-y。如:noise—noisy,ice—icy等。 (2)一些抽象名词在其词尾加-ful可以变为形容词。如:care— careful,help—helpful,use—useful等。 (3)一些表示国家的名词可以在其词尾加-ese或-n构成形容词。 如:Japan—Japanese,America—American,Australia—Australian等。 注意:Canada—Canadian,China—Chinese,England—English。
-5-
te;lately late“晚;迟”,是具体的时间晚了、迟到了;lately“近来;最近;前不久”。 例:Tom arrived late and missed the beginning of the meeting. 例:The old man has been doing a lot of gardening lately. 3.most;mostly most“十分;非常;很” mostly“大部分地;主要地”。 例:This is a most beautiful park. 例:She uses her car mostly for going to work.
-7-
等级 形式
...最高级+比较范围 ...比较级+than any
other+单数名词 最 ...比较级+than all the 高 other+复数名词 级 ...比较级+than
anything/anyone else (否定句中)...a/an+ 比较级+单数可数名词
意义 ……中最…… 比任何一个……都……
-3-
第1步 技法探究
一、与形容词同形的副词
一般情况下形容词词尾加-ly可以构成副词,但英语中也有一类副词,
不是以-ly结尾,而是与形容词同形,这两种同根的副词意义大都不
同。
(1)通常与形容词同形的副词表示直接、具体意义,-ly结尾的副词 表示抽象意义。常用的这类副词有:
high 高地
wide 宽地
-9-
三、通过倍数的修饰来表示比较意义的句式 (1)...倍数+as...as... 例:Your school is three times as big as ours. (2)...倍数+比较级+than... 例:Your school is three times bigger than ours. (3)...倍数+the size(height,width,length,etc.)of... 例:Your school is three times the size of ours. (4)倍数+what从句 例:Our average income is almost five times what we earned five years ago. (5)比较级+than...+by+倍数 例:The population of this city is larger than that of our city by three times.
-6-
二、形容词和副词的比较等级
等级 形式
...as+原级+as... 原级 ...not as/so+
原级+as...
...比较级+than...
比 较 级
the+比较级..., the+比较级... 比较级+and+比较级...
the+比较级+of the two
(+名词)
意义 ……和……一样…… ……不如…… ……比……更…… 越……就越…… 越来越…… 两者中较……的那个
比其他所有……都……
比任何一个……都……
没有比……更……的
Hale Waihona Puke -8-例:Tom sings as well as that famous singer. 例:He doesn’t play the piano as well as his father. 例:She looks younger than her younger sister. 例:He learns more quickly than his roommates. 例:The more he studies,the happier he feels. 例:The girl becomes more and more excited. 例:The taller one of the two girls is my deskmate. 例:Of all the students in this class,Mary is the best. 例:How beautifully she draws!I have never seen a better picture.