高考英语任务型写作讲解

如果给定的阅读材料是一则故事，应该用最简练 的语言来说明故事讲述了什么，不能拖泥带水讲细 节，而且最好讲出故事给你的启示或其中的一个道 理。比如说，This story tells how a teacher’s word saved a shy and unconfident child and helped him find himself and hold on to his dreams. It tells us that teachers’ words can make difference to a child’s life. 如果是说明性或描述性短文，就必须用概括性的 文字说明一现象。比如可以概括如下This article point out the common phenomenon —— rare animals cannot escape being hurt and killed by humanscusses the importance
of self-learning for children. Students should have the chance to correct their own mistakes, learn-by-doing and learn from each other, not just the teacher. (29 words)
reviews the most important points of the text. It should be brief (short). Furthermore, the summary should be written as much as possible in your own words. It contains only the main ideas and what the author talks about the topic but not include much explanation or examples.
3）The article gives the view that teachers should let students correct their mistakes by themselves. Students are able to correct their own mistakes and teachers’ frequent correction will make children unable to judge their own work. (35words) 4）Some people think students’ mistakes should be corrected by themselves and it is wrong for the teachers to do it for them too often in school. It will make the children dependent on the teachers. (35 words)
How to write a summary 1.Before you begin your summary, you should identify the main points of the text. 2. Underline/highlight and/or take notes on the text. 3. Then Write a summary which includes the author’s main idea or purpose for writing the text, the topic and then what the author says about the topic. Omitting specific details, examples, description, and unnecessary explanations. 4. Try to use your own words. 5. Don’t put your opinion in the summary 6. Be concise and coherent
------写作指导
By No. 75 Middle School Zhu Qianyin
预测：阅读材料的体裁可以是说明文
如实地说明一个现象，可以是一个记叙 文，如用一个故事引出一个话题或道理， 可以是一个新闻报道引发的一场争论， 还可以是旗帜鲜明、说理性很强的文章。 总之，让大家“有话想说，而且有话能 说”。
用自己的语言整理如下：
1。The author tells us the importance of selflearning for children. Not only should the teacher help the students to correct their mistakes, but also they should depend themselves to correct their own mistakes. (33)
Attention
Don’t copy the sentences in the text. Use another word or phrase that has the same or similar meaning. Use different sentence structures to express the same idea.
The author (The passage) discussed the benefit of extracurricular activities including being a way to improve students’ health, widen their social circle and introduce them to new ideas and people. (30 words)
2。This passage discusses the importance
of self-learning for children. Students should have the chance to correct their own mistakes, learn-by-doing and learn from each other, not just the teacher. (29 words)
结论: （12）--（13）
概括作者的说理过程： 阅读材料的观点是（1）可以概括为 Some people think that teachers should not correct students’ mistakes for them. 其正面论据 （2）--（6）可以概括为 Children learn by comparing his behaviors, including language, with those of more skilled people. 阅读材料的反面论据 （7）--（11）可以概括为Teachers’ frequent correction of students’ mistakes makes students unable to judge their own work. 阅读材料的结论 （12）--（13） 可以概括为 So those people encourage students to learn by correcting their own mistakes instead of having their mistakes corrected by their teachers.
议论性或论说文，概括时则要尽可能客观简 要地转述阅读材料的观点。 概括对方观点首 先是要转换视角，即以“第三人称”或“无 人称”来概括。
eg：
1。The author tells us the importance of selflearning for children. Not only should the teacher help the students to correct their mistakes, but also they should depend themselves to correct their own mistakes. (33)
“读写任务”的写作过程：
1）把握阅读材料的结构、思路、观点 与意图； 2）概括阅读材料的观点（论证过程） 3）在“写作内容”的引导下写作。
第一步：分析阅读材料的结构、思路、观点与意 图。
以2007样题为例： 所给短文的说理思路如下： 论点: （1） 论据: （2）--（6）正面论据
（8）--（11）反面论据
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