综述 2009 实蝇类昆虫的引诱剂和诱捕器

昆虫学报Acta Ento m ologica S inica,June2009,52(6):699-706I SS N045426296

实蝇类昆虫的引诱剂和诱捕器

王艳平1,2,汪兴鉴2,张润志1,2,3,王玉玺3,王福祥3

(1.农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,北京100101; 2.中国科学院动物研究所,北京100101;

3.全国农业技术推广服务中心检疫处,北京100026)

摘要:实蝇科昆虫的许多种类是重要的入侵物种,在国际植物检疫领域具有重要地位。联合国粮农组织(F AO)和《国际植物保护公约(I PPC)》积极倡导国际合作实施对实蝇类害虫的有效控制,不断完善和出版实蝇控制技术手册并制定相关的国际植物检疫标准。引诱剂和诱捕器是实蝇类害虫监测、调查和防治中最重要的手段之一,被广泛采用。国际上普遍认可的实蝇诱剂主要包括蛋白质诱剂(P A)、甲基丁香酚(ME、诱蝇酮(C UE)、乙酸铵诱剂(AA)、乙酸铵盐诱剂(AS)、T ML诱剂、己酸丁酯诱剂(BuH)、吡嗪诱剂(MVP)等,我国也研发了大量植物型和食物型诱剂。国际上常用实蝇诱捕器有20多种,依据捕获实蝇的不同方式分为干型诱捕器、湿型诱捕器和干湿综合型诱捕器3类。

同时,我国利用各种塑料瓶研制了多种多样的诱捕器。本文对国际、国内实蝇诱剂和诱捕器等研究和利用情况进行了总结,提出我国在建设外向型水果非疫区的实蝇监测中应使用国际标准的诱剂和诱捕器,以便获得国际认可并促进我国优势农产品顺利进入国际市场,在研发诱剂和诱捕器时做到标准化并及时申请专利保护、推向国际市场以便获得国际有关标准的采用和认可。

关键词:双翅目;实蝇;诱剂;诱捕器;检疫

中图分类号:Q965.9 文献标识码:A 文章编号:045426296(2009)0520699208

Ba its and traps of fru it fli es

WANG Yan2Ping1,2,WANG Xing2Jian2,Z HANG Run2Zhi1,2,3,WANG Yu2Xi3,WANG Fu2Xiang3(1.

State Key Laborat ory of I ntegrated Manage ment of Pest I nsects and Rodents in Agriculture,Beijing100101, China;2.I nstitute of Z ool ogy,Chinese Acade my of Sciences,Beijing100101,China;3.Nati onal Agr o2 technical Extensi on and Service Center,M inistry of Agriculture,Beijing100026,China)

Abstract:Many s pecies in fa m ily Tephritidae are i m portant quarantine pests worldwide.The Food and Agriculture O rganizati on of the United Nati ons(F AO)and the I nternati onal Plant Pr otecti on Conventi on

(I PPC)have actively p r oposed t o i m p le ment the contr ol of fruit flies by internati onal cooperati on and

published contr ol technique guidelines for the pest and related internati onal standards of p lant quarantine.

A s one of the maj or measures in monit oring,investigating and contr olling the fruit flies,baits and trap s are

extensively adop ted.Main baits commonly app r oved are p r otein attractants(P A),methyl eugenol(ME), cuelure(CUE),a mmonium acetate(AA),a mmonium salts(AS),tri m edlure(T ML),butyl hexanoate (BuH)and22methyl2vinyl2pyrazine(MVP).There are over t w enty ty pes of trap s used worldwide f or fruit flies,which are divided int o three ty pes:dry trap s,wet trap s and dry/wet trap s based on ways of cap turing the flies.Moreover,many trap s are manufactured by vari ous p lastic bottles in China.This article summarized the research and app licati on of baits and trap s,and p r oposed that the internati onal standard baits and trap s should be used in the establishment of pest free areas(PRA)f or fruit flies.Many Chinese bait and trap p r oducts require internati onal app r obati on,which may hel p t o p r omote our agr o2p r oducti on t o enter the internati onal markets.Design of baits and trap s should be standardized and p r otected by patents t o be suitable t o internati onal adop ti on.

Key words:D i p tera;Tephritidae;bait;trap;quarantine

诱剂和诱捕器是监测、调查和防治实蝇科(Tephritidae)害虫的重要手段。世界各国包括我国

基金项目:农业部农作物病虫疫情监测与防治项目;国家自然科学基金项目(30525039);科技部基础性工作专项(2006FY110500-3)

作者简介:王艳平,女,1980年出生,河北三河市人,博士研究生,研究方向为入侵害虫风险分析与防治技术,E2mail:wangyp@i

3通讯作者Author for corres pondence,E2mail:zhangrz@i

收稿日期Received:2008211205;接受日期Accep ted:2009204217