中考英语各类从句及考点

中考英语各类从句及考

点

复合句的概念：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。 宾语从句

一．概念：在句中起到宾语的作用。 二．宾语从句在句中的位置： （1）作动词的宾语：

例：I heard that he joined the army. She did not know what had happened. (2) 作形容词的宾语

例：I am afraid that I have made a mistake. (3) 作介词的宾语

例：Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another. 三．常见考点分析：

（一）．连接词：1.引导陈述句用that （在口语或非正式文体中常常省略）。

2.引导一般疑问句用if 或

whether 。

注意：下列几种情况通常

使用whether ：

（1）．在具有选择意义又有or 或or not 时，尤其是直接与or not 连用时，往往用whether ；

例：I don ’t know whether he will come back or not.

（2）．在介词之后用whether ；

例：They are talking about whether he will win the game.

Everything depends on whether you agree with us.

3.引导特殊疑问句，只需用

原来的特殊疑问词。

（二）. 语序：尤其要注意，宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序：即主语一定在谓语前面。 尤其要注意whether, if 以及wh-(what, why …)疑问词引导的宾语从句的语序。 例：She wants to know whether I like the film.

Do you know why winter is colder than summer

（三）. 时态：1.主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句中主语不受主句位于时态的影响。例：She says that she will leave a message on his desk.

She says that sh has never been to Beijing.

2.当主句谓语动词是过去时态时，从句中的时态一般为表示过去的某种时态（如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时）

例：He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.

He said he was going to take care of the baby.

3.主句谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句叙述某一客观真理时，宾语从句用一般现在时。例：She said that her father is twenty-eight years older than her.

The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound.（四）. 否定转移：当宾语从句表示否定的意义时，若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / expect等时，应在主句上加以否定。

例：I don’t think you are right.

I don’t believe that he has finished his work.

（五）. 注意if或when引导的宾语从句和状语从句的不同。if / when引导宾语从句时，意思分别为“是否”和“何时”，此时它们的时态根据具体情况而定。if和when引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果”和“当……的时候”，此时如果主句是一般将来时，从句部分则用一般现在时。

例：We are not sure if it will snow tomorrow. If it snows, we won’t climb the South Hill.

状语从句

一．概念和分类：用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。分类：时间状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句,目的状语从句，结果状语从句，条件状语从句，方

式状语从句，让步状语从句和比较状语从句。（一）. 时间状语从句：

引导时间状语从句的词有：when, as, while, after, before, since, as soon as, ever since, till, until, once, whenever, no sooner …than…, hardly…when…, the moment, every time, each time, next time, directly, immediately, by the time等1．When引导的状语从句和While引导的状语

从句的区别：When既可以引导一个持续性动作也可以引导一个短暂性动作。While只能引导

持续性动作。

例：When引导的从句 I was thin when I was a child.

The film had been

on when we arrived.

While引导的从句 My Mom was cooking while I was doing my homework.

2．Before引导的时间状语从句

（1）before引导的从句位于主句之前，一般

翻译成在…之前。

例：Before they got to the bus stop, the bus had gone.

（2）before引导的从句位于主句之后，一般

翻译成…(之后)才。如果在主句中用将来时，

从句要用一般时替代将来时。