(完整版)初中英语情态动词讲解练习及答案

情态动词
'、考点、热点回顾
【词汇辨析】
1. sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:
sometimes: 有时” =at times. He is sometimes late for school.
some times: 几次” I have been to Nanjing some times. sometime: 某一时刻” I bought it sometime last spring.
we II meet again sometime next week.
some time: 一段时间” We have to stay here for some time.
2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little
(1) many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词；都表示许多。

例如：
许多书________________________ 许多牛奶 _________________________________
(2) a few和a little都表示”有一点儿”，侧重于肯定，相当于"some"，但a few修饰可数名词，
a little修饰不可数名词，例如：
He has a few friends in London.
---Would you like some coffee?
---Yes, just a little.
(3) few和little表示"几乎没有”，侧重否定。

few后接可数名词，little后接不可数名词。

例如:
He is a strange man. He has few words.
Hurry up, there is little time left.
【固定搭配】加-ing
be busy doing sth. 忙于做 .... eg: Mother is busy cook ing.
look forward to + doing sth. 期待做...... eg: Tom looks forward to see ing his father aga in.
Thank you for (do ing) sth. 为了…感谢你eg: Thank you for your help.
have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun play ingin the water.
{
=have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time play ing in the water.
have problem/trouble/difficulty (in )do ing sth. 做某事有困难
eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.
【情态动词】又叫情态助动词。

它们具有以下特点:
⑴ 它们必须与其他动词连用，即：情态动词+动词原形
表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。

⑵绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s
(以be和have开头的情态动词短语除外)。

⑶ 在意义上，情态动词具有多义性”。

例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。

【情态动词的基本用法】
1. can的基本用法:
⑴表示体力或智力上的能力，即能够，会”，可与be able to转换。

例：He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.
—Can you play basketball?
—No, I can '. t
如果表示将来具备的能力，要用will be able to。

例: If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.
⑵ 表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。

例: —Can we go home now, please?
—No, you can '. t
You can on ly smoke in this room.
You can ' keep the library books for more tha n a mon th.
⑶表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。

例: What can he possibly want?
在否定句中，否定形式can't表示推测不大可能”。

例: Anybody can make mistakes.
The news can ' b e true.
与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。

在这里, 也可用could使语气婉转。

例：Can / Could we meet again next week? 下周我们可以再见面吗？
—What shall we do? 我们怎么办呢？
—We can / could try ask ing Lucy for help. -------- 我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看。

You can / could help me with the cook in g. 你可以帮我做饭。

2. may的基本用法：
⑴ 表示“许可”，用can比较口语化。

例：You may / can come if you wish. 如果你想来，你就来。

You may not pick flowers in this park. 本公园内不许摘花。

（may not表示按规定不许可，如果用mustn'则表示说话人不许可。

）
—|May| I smoke here?我可以在这里抽烟吗？
—No, you.mustn ''不行。

（mustn '表示明确的禁止。

）
⑵ 肯定句中表示推测，“可能”。

例：It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。

The news may not be true.这个消息可能不会是真的。

注意：如果在疑问句中表示“可能”，通常用can。

例：Can it be true?那会是真的吗？
Who can he be?他究竟是谁呢？
⑶【注意】：一〔May I/we .......... ？
—Yes, you hayl./—No, you hustn' .t
3. must的基本用法：
⑴表示必须，强调说话人的主观意志。

例: I must go now, or I ' ll be late.
You must be here by ten o ' clock.
【注意】：表示"必须"时，must的否定式为need n't,或don 'have to ，而不是must n' t 也就是：一Must I/we do it now ?
—Yes, you must .
—No, you needn ' ]t on ' have to .
例：一Must I go with them?
—No, you _____________ .
⑵ 表示推测，一般只用于肯定陈述句,表示非常肯定。

例：She didn ' t look at me. Shmust be angry.她不朝我看，一定是生气了。

He is good at En glish. He must know the word. 他英语好，准知道这个词。

You must be Mr. Jon es.想必您就是琼斯先生吧。

4. have to的基本用法：
have to可视为情态动词，但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同。

其他情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而have to却有人称和数的变化，要视主语的不同而变化。

例：I / You / We / They have to ….
He / She / It has to ….
You don ' have to ….
Does she have to …？
have to =have got to，意思是“必须，不得不”。

和must不同之处：must强调主观需要
have to强调客观需要。

例：Sorry, I have to leave now.对不起，现在我得走了。

I "ve got to go to a meeti ng. 我得去参加一个会议。

Will he have to work deep into the night? 他将不得不工作到深夜吗？
5. need的基本用法：
need的基本词义是需要”，它既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词。

⑴need用作情态动词时，只用于否定句和疑问句。

它只有一种形式，后接动词原形。

例：I don ' t believe yoaeed worry.我相信你没有必要焦急。

—Need we go so soo n?我们需要这么早就去吗？
—Yes, we must. / No, we needn '. t是的，必须。

/不，不必。

So I needn ' tell him, need I? 所以我不需要告诉他，对吧？
请比较以下两句话的不同意思：
You needn ' t bitye coat.你没有必要买那件外衣。

（你还没买）
You needn ' t have bougttte coat.你没有必要买这件外衣的。

（而你却买了）【注意】：一Need I/we ................................................ ?
—Yes, you must |./ —No, you needn 'Agon ' have to .
⑵need用作实义动词时，有时态、人称和数的变化。

如果人作主语，一般后接带to的动词不定式。

即need to do sth ;
女口果物作主语，一般后用need to be done 或need doing sth。

例如：I need to look up this word in the dictionary.
My watch needs mending /to be mended .我的手表需要修理了。

We don ' t neeto work today. (= We needn ' w t rk today.)
Does he n eed to go right now? (= Need he go right now?)
6. had better的基本用法：
to的动词不定式。

had bette r常略作'd bette r现代语法认为它是一个助动词，因为它后接不带had better
do sth |意思是最好做某事；还是做某事比较好”。

例：You ' d betteget some sleep.你最好睡一会儿。

You ' d better nodo that again.你最好别再做那件事。

What had we better do now? 我们现在怎么做才好呢？
Hadn' we better tell her the truth? 我们是否最好不告诉她真相【注意】：You'd better…表示劝告或委婉的命令，对长辈不宜使用。

7. could, should, would, might 表示推测：
①.must多用于肯定句中表示把握性极大的推测,意思为一定、肯定”。

女口： You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你已辛苦工作一整天了，一定累了。

The book must be his. His name is on the cover.这本书一定是他的，圭寸面上写着他的名字。

【注意】must不表推测时，在肯定句中意思为必须(强调内在的职责)”在否定句中意思为不许、
禁止”以它开头的疑问句否定回答常用needn'或don' t (doesn ' t) haveoto
如:We must obey the traffic rules.我们必须遵守交通规则。

Cars mustn ' t be parked he此处严禁停车。

—Must we hand in the papers this week?我们必须本星期交论文吗？
—No, you needn 不t你们不必(本星期交)。

②.can / could多用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中表示推测、怀疑，两者在时间上没有差别。

用can时
不相信的程度更强一些,|can'|常常译为不可能”。

女口:The man under the tree can 'Totre He ' s gone to England这个人不可能是Tom,他已经去英国了。

Can it be true that he was fooled by a five-year-old boy? 他被一个五岁的孩子愚弄了，这能是真的吗？
Could this be an excuse?这会不会是个借口？
How can you be so careless! 你怎么这样粗心!
③.may / might多用来表示把握性不大的推测，意思为也许、可能”，might比may的把握性更小一些。

may not在否定句中常常译为可能不”。

(注意区分不可能"与可能不"在把握性大小上的差异。

)
女口:Mr. Wang may know Professor Li ' s telephonember.王先生也许知道李教授的电话号码。

This might be the key Tom has been looking for.这可能就是汤姆一直在找的钥匙。

She may not be there today.今天她可能不在那儿。

二、典型例题【中考链接】
()1. —Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?
—No, it ______ be him. Mr. Li is much taller.
A. mustn 't
B. may no
C. can ' t
D. needn 't
( )2. —Must I go with them tomorrow ?
—No, you .
A. must n't
B. should n't
C. need n't
D. can't
一、用 can, may, must, need, have to, had better 的适当形式填空：
1. You _______________ r eturn the library book on time.
2. I _____________ (not) find the way to the hospital. _______________ you show me the way?
3. —— _______________ I finish the work right now?
—No, you ________________ (n ot). You ____________ do it later.
4. He said he ________________ (not) come tonight.
5. Her mother was ill. She ________________ s tay at home and look after her.
6. It ' s time for class. You _________________ stop playing football or you __________ be late for class.
7. We ________________ s tart right now, or they would get there first.
8. The cloud is lifting, so it ________________ (not) be a rainy day tomorrow.
:■、选择填空
( )1. — Do we have to fin ish our homework this afternoon?
—Yes, you ________ .
A. must
B. can
C. may
D. n eed
)3. I take some photos in the hall?
—No, you ______ .
A. Can, needn 't
B. M ust, mustn ' t
C. Could, won
)4. — Dad, must I finish my homework today?
't D. May, mustn 三、 —No, you _
A.needn ' t
.You may do it tomorrow. B. mustn ' t C. don ' t )5. — The lake is said to be dry. Is that true? —It
.Look, some
kids
are
swim
A. must be true —I ' m not surS.he go to see my gran dmother.
A. can
B. must
C. may
7. — Susa n has bought a large house with a swim ming pool.
—It A. must be very
B. might )8. — Liste n! Is Professor Joh nson givi ng a report in the hall?
—No, it ______ be him. He has gone to Japan.
A. needn 't
B. may not
C. mustn 't )9. — Let ' s go to the West Hill Park by taxi.
—Oh, it is not far away from here. We A. couldn ' t B. mustn ' t C. needn ' t )10. — Can you play the pia no?
—Yes, I
A.needn ' t
B.need 课后练习
take a taxi.
.I ofte n practice it on weeke nds. C.can ' t D. won '
D. shouldn
D. can D. can
D. can
()2. —Must I be in hospital for a week ，Doctor?
—No , you _ . You can go back home tomorrow. A. mustn 't B. needn 't C. must ( )3. The desk is not dirty. You ________ clean it. A. mustn 't B. shouldn 't C. needn ' t C. can 't ()4. — May I watch TV for a while ? ——No, you _____ . You have to finish your homework first. A. shouldn ' t B. needn ' t C. mustn ' t D. won ' t ( )5. — Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening? —No, it _______ be her. She ________ to Japa n. A. mustn has gone B. mustn ' t ;has been C. can ' t ;has gone D. can ' t ;has been ( )6. It ' s the library! So you __________ know shouting is not allowed here. A. can B. must C. n eed D. may ( )7. Boys and girls, don ' t forget your report . It ________ today. A. can ' t ifih B. can ' t be finished C. should finish D. should be finished ( )8. — Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning. —No, he _____ ,because he did n A. couldn 't B. can 't ( )9. — Must I mop up the window now? —No, you ______ . A. needn 't B. can 't C. shouldn 't D. mustn 't ()10. — Is Lucy knocking at the door? —No. It ________ be Lucy. She is in Japa n now. A. needn ' t B. must C. can 't
()11.
— An other cup of coffee?
A. must
B. can
C. should
D. would
( )17. — Our class won the En glish speak ing con test. A . can B. may C. must D. might () 12. — I 'm a little tired. Let '
s go to the zoo by taxi.
—W e take a taxi. It 's not far from here.
—No, tha nks. I ___ be off. Mary is wait ing for me.
A. can ' t
B. mustn ' t
C. couldn ' t
t know my address. C. mustn 't D. may not
D. needn 't ()13. If the traffic light is red, you cross the road. It s very dan gerous.
A. don ' t
B. mustn ' t
C. needn ' t ( )14. — Must I finish wateri ng the flowers now?
D. would n 't
—No, you _______ .
A. must
B. won ' t
C. needn ' t ( )15. — I can ' t give up smoking, doctor. —For your health, I ' m afraid you_________ .
A. may
B. can
C. have to ( )16. It is usually warm in my hometow n in March, but it _______
D. can
't
D. must
be rather cold sometimes.
—Con gratulati ons! You _____ be very proud of it.
A. can
B. n eed
C. would
D. must
( )18. —Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeti ng?
—I ' m not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He ________ know.
A. can
B. may
C. n eed
D. shall ( )19. — ____________ I borrow these magaz in es?
—Sorry, only the magaz ines over there can be borrowed.
A. Must
B. Would
C. May
D. Need
( )20. If the traffic light is red, you ________ cross the road. It
A. don ' t
B. needn ' t
C. mustn ' t
D. wouldn
s dan gerous. t
典型例题
例 1 答案 C 分析：表示否定的猜测用can't。

must 表示推测时，意为“一定”，只能用于肯定句，而must
的否定must not( mustn't )表示“不应该”、“不许可”、“不准”、“禁止”等。

例2答案C分析：在回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用need n ot (= need n't)，表示不必”而不用must not, 因为must not 表示“不可以”。

例3答案D 分析：本题第一句是请求对方的允许，需要用May，其否定式为mustn'。

例4答案A。

对于以情态动词must提问的疑问句，否定回答要用“No,主语+needn' t,"故由问句中的must和
答句中的No 可选A。

例 5 答案B
例 6 答案C
例7答案A 考查情态动词must表示肯定的推测。

结合关键信息“I never even dream about it.可知题意为它肯定是非常贵的”，故排除B、C、D 三项。

例8选D。

本题考查can'表示否定的推测。

四个选项都是情态动词的否定形式，分别意为不能；不可能”、千
万不能” 应该” 可以；可能”结合关键信息“He has gone to Japan可知他不可能是约翰教授"应选D。

例9选C
例10选D。

以can引导的一般疑问句再作肯定回答时还是用can。

课后练习
一、 1. must 2. can ' t, Could3. Must, needn ' t, ma4y. couldn ' 5t.had to 6. must, may 7. had better 8. can 't
二、1A2B3C4选C。

对于情态动词may的一般疑问句的肯定回答为：Yes, you may / can .否定回答为：No,
you mustn '5Ct.6B7D8A9A
10选C。

考查情态动词can '表示推测的用法。

can '表示否定的推测；must表示肯定的推测。

由题意不可能是露西，她现在在日本”可知应选C。

11选C。

考查情态动词must的用法。

结合关键信息“ Mary is waiting for me.可知题意为我必须离开了”故排除A、B、D 三项，选C。

12选D。

四个选项都是情态动词的否定式，结合关键信息“ It ' s not far from he可知我们不必乘出租车”故
排除A、B、C三项，选D。

13选B。

考查情态动词mustn'的用法。

mustn '意为一定不能”由很危险"可知用mustn ',t故选B。

14选C。

考查对must开头的一般疑问句的回答。

以must开头的一般疑问句，作否定回答时用情态动词needn ' t 故正确答案为C。

15选C。

考查情态动词have to的用法。

may意为可能、或许” can意为能、会” have to意为必须、不得不”，表客观要求，而must 表主观愿望。

根据题意“为了健康，你必须戒烟”可选C。

16选B17选D
18选B。

考查情态动词may表示推测。

结合前句"I' m not sure. Ask our monitor, pleas可知题意为他可能知道(我们将在哪里开班会) ”故选B。

may表示可能性的推测，常用在肯定句中。

19选C
20 选C
11。