(完整版)初中英语情态动词讲解练习及答案

情态动词

'、考点、热点回顾

【词汇辨析】

1. sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:

sometimes: 有时” =at times. He is sometimes late for school.

some times: 几次” I have been to Nanjing some times. sometime: 某一时刻” I bought it sometime last spring.

we II meet again sometime next week.

some time: 一段时间” We have to stay here for some time.

2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little

(1) many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词；都表示许多。例如：

许多书________________________ 许多牛奶 _________________________________

(2) a few和a little都表示”有一点儿”，侧重于肯定，相当于"some"，但a few修饰可数名词，

a little修饰不可数名词，例如：

He has a few friends in London.

---Would you like some coffee?

---Yes, just a little.

(3) few和little表示"几乎没有”，侧重否定。few后接可数名词，little后接不可数名词。例如:

He is a strange man. He has few words.

Hurry up, there is little time left.

【固定搭配】加-ing

be busy doing sth. 忙于做 .... eg: Mother is busy cook ing.

look forward to + doing sth. 期待做...... eg: Tom looks forward to see ing his father aga in.

Thank you for (do ing) sth. 为了…感谢你eg: Thank you for your help.

have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun play ingin the water.

{

=have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time play ing in the water.

have problem/trouble/difficulty (in )do ing sth. 做某事有困难

eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.

【情态动词】又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点:

⑴ 它们必须与其他动词连用，即：情态动词+动词原形

表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。

⑵绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s

(以be和have开头的情态动词短语除外)。

⑶ 在意义上，情态动词具有多义性”。

例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。

【情态动词的基本用法】

1. can的基本用法:

⑴表示体力或智力上的能力，即能够，会”，可与be able to转换。

例：He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.

—Can you play basketball?

—No, I can '. t

如果表示将来具备的能力，要用will be able to。

例: If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.

⑵ 表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。

例: —Can we go home now, please?

—No, you can '. t

You can on ly smoke in this room.

You can ' keep the library books for more tha n a mon th.

⑶表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。

例: What can he possibly want?

在否定句中，否定形式can't表示推测不大可能”。

例: Anybody can make mistakes.

The news can ' b e true.

与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。在这里, 也可用could使语气婉转。

例：Can / Could we meet again next week? 下周我们可以再见面吗？

—What shall we do? 我们怎么办呢？

—We can / could try ask ing Lucy for help. -------- 我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看。

You can / could help me with the cook in g. 你可以帮我做饭。

2. may的基本用法：

⑴ 表示“许可”，用can比较口语化。

例：You may / can come if you wish. 如果你想来，你就来。

You may not pick flowers in this park. 本公园内不许摘花。

（may not表示按规定不许可，如果用mustn'则表示说话人不许可。）

—|May| I smoke here?我可以在这里抽烟吗？

—No, you.mustn ''不行。（mustn '表示明确的禁止。）

⑵ 肯定句中表示推测，“可能”。

例：It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。

The news may not be true.这个消息可能不会是真的。

注意：如果在疑问句中表示“可能”，通常用can。

例：Can it be true?那会是真的吗？