2016年扬州大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2016年扬州大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Writing
V ocabulary
1．Our dreams will sometimes be______and our ethereal hopes blasted.
A．smashed
B．shattered
C．crushed
D．squashed
正确答案：B
解析：本题考查动词的词义辨析。

根据空后的and our ethereal hopes blasted(并且我们飘渺的希望破灭)可判断，本空所填动词应与blasted并列，且意思相近，故shatter(使(希望、信念，信心)破灭，粉碎)为答案。

smash意为“(有意识地)打碎，打烂”，指破裂为许多支离破碎的碎片，多用指易碎事物。

crush意为“压碎，碾碎，弄皱”，指用力把东西压破或变形。

squash意为“压碎，挤压，紧压”，指某物受力被压扁或压碎，也指塞挤。

2．The attack is being seen as a deliberate attempt to______the peace talks.
A．raze
B．sabotage
C．demolish
D．disintegrate
正确答案：B
解析：本题考查动词的词义辨析。

根据语义推断，“攻击”应该是被看作“破坏和平对话”，故只有sabotage(阴谋破坏，蓄意破坏)符合语义，为答案。

raze意为“把(建筑或城镇)夷为平地，彻底摧毁”。

demolish意为“驳倒，推翻(某人的观点或论点)；摧毁，拆毁，拆除(建筑物等)”。

disintegrate意为“崩溃，瓦解”。

3．—When were your legs injured?—It was on a Sunday last month______my father and I spent our holiday at the seaside.
A．that
B．as
C．while
D．when
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查定语从句。

题目用when提问，问的是时间。

回答时，必须要回答在什么时间。

故本题不能理解为it was…that…．的强调句型。

空格后应是一个定语从句，修饰先行词on a Sunday last month，故应用when作关系副词
引导定语从句。

4．Now the summer is here with more visitors, so the business is______.
A．looking up
B．coming up
C．making up
D．turning up
正确答案：A
解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。

根据主句“夏天到了，游客增多了”判断，应该是生意变好了，故答案为look up(好转，改善)。

come up意为“(商品)上市；即将发生，即将到来”。

make up意为“补充，补足”。

turn up意为“出现，来到”。

5．On AIDS Day, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems______paid special attention to.
A．refer to be
B．refer to being
C．referred to be
D．referred to being
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查虚拟语气。

动词demand后的宾语从句使用“should+动词原形”形式的虚拟语气，其被动语态为“should+be+动词过去分词”，其中should 可以省略。

referred to作定语修饰the problems。

6．It rarely changes and it is rarely sufficient to______the constant hunger pains experienced by the children.
A．alleviate
B．remove
C．remedy
D．decompose
正确答案：A
解析：本题考查动词的词义辨析。

根据空后的constant hunger pains(持续饥饿的痛苦)判断，应该是“减轻”才符合语义，故答案为alleviate(减轻，缓解(痛苦等))。

remove意为“消除(障碍)，取消(限制)，解决(问题)”。

：remedy意为“医治，治疗”，为强干扰项，但这里的。

pains不是“疼痛”，而是“痛苦”，故排除。

decompose意为“分解；(使)腐烂”。

7．There was an______of good-friendship in the word which fairly warmed the cockles of her heart.
A．exuberance
B．excrement
C．execution
D．exasperation
正确答案：A
解析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。

根据空后的good-friendship in the word(话语里含的深厚的情意)判断，所填词应与感情有关，四个选项中只有exuberance(丰富，充沛，充溢)符合语义，故为答案。

excrement意为“粪便，排泄物”。

execution 意为“实行，执行，履行；演奏，表演；处决”。

exasperation意为“愤怒，烦恼”。

8．When asked why they use pirated CDs and computer softwares, many people said that the______versions cost too much.
A．artificial
B．authentic
C．available
D．auspicious
正确答案：B
解析：本题考查形容词的词义辨析。

根据空前的use pirated CDs and computer softwares(使用盗版CD和计算机软件)判断，空格所在句应表示使用正版的太贵了，故答案为authentic(真的，真正的)。

authentic versions意为“正版”。

artificial 意为“人工的，人造的；假的”。

available意为“现成可使用的，手边的，可利用的”。

auspicious意为“吉祥的，吉利的”。

9．Flowers and fruit have been rendered______by brilliant colours in contrast with the green foliage.
A．perspicacious
B．conspicuous
C．boisterous
D．precarious
正确答案：B
解析：本题考查形容词的词义辨析。

根据空后的brilliant colours in contrast with the green foliage (鲜艳的色彩与绿叶形成对比)可知，花和果实是很明显的，故答案为conspicuous(显眼的，明显的)。

perspicacious意为“判断力强的，敏锐的，有洞察力的”。

boisterous意为“(尤指儿童)喧闹的，活泼的，精力充沛的”。

precarious意为“(局势或状态)不确定的，不稳定的；不稳固的；危险的”。

10．Considering it’s the first time I______the painting, it’s not bad; however, it is high time I______ something about home-decorating.
A．did; do
B．did; did
C．did; have done
D．have done; did
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查时态及虚拟语气。

It is the first time(that)…句型中，从句的谓语动词常用现在完成时；It was the first time(that)…句型中，从句的谓语动词常用过去完成时。

it is high time (that)…句型中，从句的谓语动词有两种形式：动词的过去式(be用were)或“should+动词原形”(should不能省略)。

此句型为虚拟语气，表示“现在某人该做某事了”，含有该事早该去做而未做，现在去做似乎都为时已晚的意思。

11．Because outlaws were denied protection under medieval law, anyone could raise a hand against them with legal______.
A．authority
B．validity
C．consent
D．impunity
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。

impunity意为“免于惩罚，不受惩处”。

authority意为“权力，管辖权”。

validity意为”正当(性)，正确(性)，可信(性)”。

consent意为“准许，同意，赞成”，指同意别人的请求、建议或满足他人的愿望，着重意愿或感情，常和to连用。

本句是一个因果关系的句子，前半句讲中世纪的法律不保护逃犯的权利，结合raise a hand against them，可知，后半句表达的是任何人都可以对逃犯动手，而不受法律的惩罚，故答案为[D]项。

12．She surprised us all when she resigned so suddenly, ______she had worked here for more than twenty years.
A．concerning
B．considering
C．regarding
D．supposing
正确答案：B
解析：本题考查连词用法。

逗号前后的两个句子成分均完整，故空格处应填连词，首先排除作为介词的concerning(关于)和regarding(关于，至于)。

considering 为连词，意为“考虑到”，其后接的从句通常被看作是独立成分，故[B]项符合语义，为答案。

supposing为连词，意为“假如，如果”，不符合句意，故排除。

13．He is considered to be an outstanding artist, but I consider his work to be quite______.
A．mean
B．common
C．mediocre
D．intermediate
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查形容词的词义辨析。

分析句子可知，but连接两个并列句，
说明两个句子的含义相反，根据前一分句“有人认为他是杰出的艺术家”判断，后面的分句应表示“我认为他的作品很一般”，故mediocre((事物)普通的，一般的，平庸的)符合语义，为答案。

mean意为“小气的；不友好的；破旧的”。

common 意为“常见的；通常的；普遍的；共有的”。

其多用于指物，侧重很常见，不稀奇。

intermediate意为“中间的；中级的”。

14．Almost as a (n) ______to the revival of Greek knowledge and values came the revival of interest in mathematics.
A．consequence
B．outcome
C．corollary
D．end
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。

consequence意为“结果，后果”，多指随某一事件引起的，必然或自然的结果，不强调直接的因果关系，而侧重事件发展的逻辑关系，后面一般与of连用。

outcome意为“结果，结局，后果”，普通用词，多指事物经过一系列发展变化所导致的最终结局，而不是某种原因的直接结果，可与result通用，常与of连用。

end意为“结果，结局；结束”，一般指事情结束时的状态。

corollary意为“必然的结果；直接推论”，后面可跟to或of，故本题选[C]项。

15．Without facts, we cannot form a correct opinion, for we need to have actual knowledge ______our thinking.
A．which to be based on
B．which to base on
C．on which to base
D．which to base
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，空格处应为定语从句，修饰先行词knowledge。

动词不定式to base的逻辑主语是we，base是及物动词，常用于base…on…结构，意为“把……建立在……基础上”。

定语从句中，介词可以放在关系代词which前，构成“介词+which”结构。

16．The lawyers insist —if we make the withdrawal on our own, it could be an admission of error and therefore of______.
A．liability
B．viability
C．plausibility
D．feasibility
正确答案：A
解析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。

根据空前的“如果我们自己提出撤销，就
可能表明我们承认是自己的错”判断，应该是需要承担责任，故liability((法律上对某事物的)责任，义务)符合语义，为答案。

viability意为“生存能力，发育能力；生活力”。

plausibility意为“似乎有理；能言善辩”。

feasibility意为“可行性，可能性”。

17．He must exert himself to______so proud a display of resentment; he must get the better of her.
A．submit
B．subdue
C．oppress
D．surpass
正确答案：B
解析：本题考查动词的词义辨析。

根据空后的resentment(怨恨)和get the better of(抑制，克制)判断，应该是克制怨恨，故subdue(抑制，压制，克制(感情))符合语义，为答案。

submit意为“使服从，使顺从”。

oppress意为“使压抑，使烦恼”。

surpass意为“超过，胜过，优于”。

18．They had all argued so much round their fears and hopes during______that what they wanted was an end of uncertainties.
A．these all few last days
B．all few these last days
C．all these last few days
D．all these few last days
正确答案：C
解析：本题限定词排序。

限定词的先后顺序为：前位+中位+后位。

all为前位限定词，these为中位限定词，last和few为后位限定词，且。

last few为固定用法。

故本题正确选项为[C]项。

限定词的先后顺序：前位+中位+后位。

前位限定词：all，both，half；double，twice，three times；one—third，two-fifths；what，such(a／an)等。

中位限定词：my，your，his，their；a(an)，the zero，this，that，these，those；some，any，no，every，each，either，neither，enough，what(ever)，which(ever)，whose；Mary’s，my friend’s等。

后位限定词：many，much，few，little，less，fewer，least，more，most，several，such；plenty of；lots of；a great number of；a large amount of，a great deal of；one，two，first，second，next，last，other，another等。

19．The ink had faded with time, and so parts of the letter were______.
A．illegible
B．illiterate
C．indelible
D．ineligible
正确答案：A
解析：本题考查形容词的词义辨析。

根据空前句“墨水随时间而褪色”判断，“信的部分内容难以辨认”才符合语义，故答案为illegible(字迹模糊的，难以辨认的)。

illiterate意为“不会读写的；知之甚少的”。

indelible意为“难以去除的，洗不掉的，擦不掉的”。

ineligible意为“无资格的，不合格的”。

20．Besides washing the cut, put some______on it in case you have got some dirt in it.
A．deodorant
B．capsule
C．antiseptic
D．enigma
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。

根据空前的washing the cut(清洗伤口)和空后的in case you have got some diIrt in it(以免有脏东西进入)判断，应该是在伤口上放一些消毒剂，故答案为antiseptic，意为“消毒剂，杀菌剂，防腐剂”。

deodorant 意为“(用于除去体味的)除臭剂，解臭剂”。

capsule意为“胶囊(剂)”。

enigma意为“难解之谜，费解的事，费解的人”。

21．______over everything whenever we want to make a decision, many people believe, and we will have less chance of making mistakes.
A．Think
B．To think
C．Thinking
D．Thought
正确答案：A
解析：本题考查固定结构。

“祈使句+and／then／or／before+陈述句”是固定用法。

many people believe为插入语。

22．They have produced______.
A．10 as many pianos this month as last month
B．10 pianos this month as many as last month
C．10 pianos more this month than last month
D．10 more pianos this month than last month
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查比较级。

分析四个选项可知，是本月与上个月生产钢琴的数量进行比较，表示程度的成分应放在比较形容词或副词前面。

23．Though environmentalists spoke of an impending disaster, most of the local residents remained______.
A．doubted
B．skeptical
C．dubious
D．suspicious
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查形容词的词义辨析。

根据空前的转折连词though(尽管，虽然)以及impend—ing disaster(即将发生的灾难)推断，应该是大多数居民不相信，故答案为dubious(半信半疑的，怀疑的)。

doubted不是形容词，是doubt的过去式和过去分词。

skeptical意为“表示怀疑的”，正式用词，用法同doubtful，多见用于正式文体，指不确定某事或不确定其是否会发生或成功，侧重指有疑虑、没把握、拿不准、打不定主意。

suspicious意为“表示怀疑的”，指对某人或某事起疑心或有疑虑而产生怀疑，后接介词of或about，名词是suspicion，意为“怀疑，猜忌”，用法同其形容词，表示疑心与猜忌。

24．An official survey shows that electrical bicycles are now the most potential______to traffic accidents.
A．cause
B．tendency
C．origin
D．invitation
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。

根据electrical bicycles和traffic accidents 判断，电动自行车应该是交通事故的诱因，故答案为invitation(诱因，招致……的行为)。

cause意为“原因，起因，理由”，指直接导致事情发生的原因，与所发生的事情有因果关系。

tendency意为“趋向，趋势”，指固有或习得的倾向性，强调没有外来的影响或干扰。

origin意为“起源，由来，来源，起因”，侧重指事物的起源或由来，也指人的出身。

25．______what may, we’re not going to make any concessions to his unreasonable demands.
A．Come
B．Came
C．Coming
D．Having come
正确答案：A
解析：本题考查固定结构。

come what may意为“不论发生什么事情；不问好歹；不管三七二十一”。

26．When the Victorians had family reunions, the hosts______their way to entertain the guests.
A．went in for
B．went over
C．went back on
D．went out of
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。

go in for意为“从事，参加；爱好”。

go over 意为“仔细检查，察看；复习，重做”。

go back on意为“违背(诺言等)”。

go out of one’s way意为“特地，不怕麻烦地”。

根据the hosts和entertain the guests判断，主人应该不怕麻烦地招待客人，故答案为[D]项。

27．His prose, while less______than some critics have maintained has no new note in it.
A．ancient
B．antique
C．archaic
D．aboriginal
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查形容词的词义辨析。

ancient意为“古代的，古老的”，指很久以前发生或存在的事物，用于描述历史时指远古时代。

antique意为“古时的，古老的”，指已经很古老或颇有古风的事物，一般都具有较高价值。

aboriginal意为“土著的，土生的”。

archaic意为“古体的；已不通用的；早已过时的；陈旧的”，指比较怀旧或者跟不上潮流、不时尚的。

根据空后的has no new note in it 判断，他的散文比较古老，故答案为[C]。

题意：他的散文虽不如某些评论家所说那样古老，却也无新意。

28．We should______with the difficulties we were confronted with.
A．accord
B．acquaint
C．brood
D．contend
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查动词的词义辨析。

根据空后的the difficulties we were confronted with(我们所面对的困难)判断，应该是克服困难或解决困难，只有contend(处理，对付，解决)符合语义，故为答案。

accord意为“(与……)一致，符合”。

acquaint意为“使认识，使了解，使熟悉”。

brood意为“沉思，考虑；孵蛋”。

29．In the muted cloth market, the shop-keepers speak in slow, ______tones, and the buyers follow suit.
A．hoarse
B．measured
C．coarse
D．muttering
正确答案：B
解析：本题考查形容词的词义辨析。

根据muted(缓和的，温和的)以及空前的slow判断，空格处所填词的含义应与slow相近，且应能修饰tones，故答案为measured(慎重而缓慢的，谨慎小心的)。

hoarse意为”(声音)嘶哑的，粗哑的”。

coarse意为“(质地)粗的，粗糙的，粗织的；(言行)粗鲁的，粗俗的”。

muttering 为mutter的现在分词形式，意为“轻声低语，小声抱怨”。

30．Little is known of his childhood______at a factory at the early age of ten.
A．to begin to work
B．beginning to work
C．save that he began to work
D．provided that he worked
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查句子结构及意思。

结合四个选项分析句子结构可知，begin ／began to work需用表示人的代词作主语，故排除[A]项和[B]项。

[C]项中的save that意为“只是”，[D]项中的prorided that意为“假如，如果”。

空格前后内容并不存在条件或假设的关系，故排除[D]项而选[C]项。

题意：人们对他的童年了解得很少，只知道他早在10岁就在工厂里工作。

Reading Comprehension
There are few more sobering online activities than entering data into college-tuition calculators and gasping as the Web spits back a six-figure sum. But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends. A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the “labor-market premium to skill”—or the a-mount college graduates earned that’s greater than what high-school graduate earned —decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with a vengeance since the 1980s. In 2005, the typical full-time year-round U. S. worker with a four-year college degree earned $ 50, 900, 62% more than the $ 31, 500 earned by a worker with only a high-school diploma. There’s no question that going to college is a smart economic choice. But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choice about which college to attend doesn’t come down merely to dollars and cents. Does going to Columbia University (tuition, room and board $49, 260 in 2007-08) yield a 40% greater return than attending the University of Colorado at Boulder as an out-of-state student ($ 35, 542)? Probably not. Does being an out-of-state student at the University of Colorado at Boulder yield twice the amount of income as being an in-state student ($ 17, 380) there? Not likely. No, in this consumerist age, most buyers aren’t evaluating college as an investment, but rather as a consumer product —like a car or clothes or a house. And with such purchases, price is only one of many crucial factors to consider. As with automobiles, consumers in today’s college marketplace have vast choices, and people search for the
one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets. This accounts for the willingness of people to pay more for different types of experiences (such as attending a private liberal-arts college or going to an out-of-state public school that has a great marine-biology program). And just as two auto purchasers might spend an equal amount of money on very different cars, college students (or, more accurately, their parents) often show a willingness to pay essentially the same price for vastly different products. So which is it? Is college an investment product like a stock or a consumer product like a car? In keeping with the automotive world’s hottest consumer trend, maybe it’s best to characterize it as a hybrid; an expensive consumer product that, over time, will pay rich dividends.
31．What’s the opinion of economists about going to college?
A．Huge amounts of money are being wasted on campus socializing.
B．It doesn’t pay to run into debt to receive a college education.
C．College education is rewarding in spite of the startling costs.
D．Going to college doesn’t necessarily bring the expected returns.
正确答案：C
解析：事实细节题。

根据题干中的economists将本题出处定位于第一段第二句。

本句话指出，经济学家们认为，为四年的聚会和学习提供资金而将要陷入负债的家庭可以用这一认识安慰自己，即不同于许多银行股票，大学投资能够产生巨大的红利。

由此可知，经济学家们认为，即使上大学的费用惊人，但仍然是值得的，故答案为[C]。

32．The two Harvard economists note in their study that, for much of the 20th century, ______.
A．enrollment kept decreasing in virtually all American colleges and universities B．the labor market preferred high-school to college graduates
C．competition for university admissions was far more fierce than today
D．the gap between the earnings of college and high-school graduates narrowed
正确答案：D
解析：事实细节题。

根据题干中的two Harvard economists，for much of the 20th century将本题出处定位于第二段第一句。

本句指出，两位哈佛经济学家2008年的研究表明，“劳动力市场上的技术溢价”——或者说是大学毕业生赚的钱与高中毕业生赚的钱之间的差距——在20世纪大部分时期都在缩小。

也就是说，大学毕业生赚的钱与高中毕业生赚的钱之间的差距在减小，故答案为[D]。

33．Students who attend an in-state college or university can______.
A．save more on tuition
B．receive a better education
C．take more liberal-arts courses
D．avoid traveling long distances
正确答案：A
解析：事实细节题。

根据题干中的in-state将本题出处定位于第三段最后两句。

本句指出，其他州的学生来科罗拉多大学读书比本地学生毕业后的收入要高两倍吗?不太可能。

通过本句中括号内的$17，380可知，本地学生读科罗拉多大学的费用是17，380美元。

第三句中括号内的$35，542可知，其他州的学生读科罗拉多大学的费用是35，542美元。

对两者进行比较可知，学生在本地读书的费用低，故答案选[A]项。

34．In this consumerist age, most parents______.
A．regard college education as a wise investment
B．place a premium on the prestige of the college
C．think it crucial to send their children to college
D．consider college education a consumer product
正确答案：D
解析：事实细节题。

根据题干中的consumerist age将本题出处定位于第四段第一句。

本句指出，在消费主义时代，大多数消费者不是把大学当作一种投资，而是看作同车、衣服或房子一样的消费品，故答案为[D]。

Imagine waking up and finding the value of your assets has been halved. No, you’re not an investor in one of those hedge funds that failed completely. With the dollar slumping to a 26-year low against the pound, already-expensive London has become quite unaffordable. A coffee at Starbucks, just as unavoidable in England as it is in the United States, runs about $ 8. The once all-powerful dollar isn’t doing a Titanic against just the pound. It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian dollar. Even the Argentine peso and Brazilian real are thriving against the dollar. The weak dollar is a source of humiliation, for a nation’s self-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency. It’s also a potential economic problem, since a declining dollar makes imported food more expensive and exerts upward pressure on interest rates. And yet there are substantial sectors of the vast U. S. economy —from giant companies like Coca-Cola to mom-and-pop restaurant operators in Miami —for which the weak dollar is most excellent news. Many Europeans may view the U. S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. But nothing makes people think more warmly of the U. S. than a weak dollar. Through April, the total number of visitors from abroad was up 6. 8 percent from last year. Should the trend continue, the number of tourists this year will finally top the 2, 000 peak? Many Europeans now apparently view the U. S. the way many Americans view Mexico —as a cheap place to vacation, shop and party, all while ignoring the fact that the poorer locals can’t afford to join the merrymaking. The money tourists spend helps decrease our chronic trade deficit. So do exports, which thanks in part to the weak dollar, soared 11 percent between May 2006 and May 2007. For the first five months of 2007, the trade deficit actually fell 7 percent from 2006. If you own shares in large American corporations, you’re a winner in
the weak-dollar gamble. Last week Coca-Cola’s stick bubbled to a five-year high after it reported a fantastic quarter. Foreign sales accounted for 65 percent of Coke’s beverage business. Other American companies profiting from this trend include McDonald’s and IBM. American tourists, however, shouldn’t expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up —slowly, and then all at once. And currencies don’t turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect.
35．Why do Americans feel humiliated?
A．Their economy is plunging.
B．They can’t afford trips to Europe.
C．Their currency has slumped.
D．They have lost half of their assets.
正确答案：C
解析：事实细节题。

根据题干中的humiliated将本题出处定位于第三段第一句。

本句指出，疲软的美元带来了屈辱，因为一个国家的尊严部分来源于本国货币的强度。

由此可知，美国人感到屈辱是因为美元疲软，故答案为[C]。

36．How does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans?
A．They have to cancel their vacations in New England.
B．They find it unaffordable to dine in mom-and-pop restaurants.
C．They have to spend more money when buying imported goods.
D．They might lose their jobs due to potential economic problems.
正确答案：C
解析：事实细节题。

第三段第二句指出，美元的疲软也是一个潜在的经济问题，因为美元贬值使进口食品更加昂贵，对利率的压力也增大。

由此可知，美元贬值使美国人在购买进口食品时花的钱更多，故答案为[C]。

37．How do many Europeans feel about the U. S. with the devalued dollar?
A．They feel contemptuous of it.
B．They are sympathetic with it.
C．They regard it as a superpower on the decline.
D．They think of it as a good tourist destination.
正确答案：D
解析：事实细节题。

第四段第一句指出，许多欧洲人可能会认为美国是一个自大的超级大国，对外国人存有敌意。

第二句指出，疲软的美元却使得人们认为美国更加亲切。

通读本段下文可知，疲软的美元使美国的旅游人数增加，许多欧洲人现在将美国视为便宜的旅游目的地，故答案为[D]。

38．What is the author’s advice to Americans?
A．They treat the dollar with a little respect.
B．They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble.
C．Their vacation should be at home rather than abroad.
D．They treasure their marriages all the more.
正确答案：C
解析：事实细节题。

最后一段第三句指出，如果你想要避免不断惨淡的美元所带来的痛苦，那就取消去英国的暑期度假计划，改去新英格兰州吧。

由此可知，作者建议美国人取消去国外度假的计划，改为国内度假，故答案为[C]。

What’s hot for 2007 among the very rich? A $ 7.3 million diamond ring. A trip to Tanzania to hunt wild animals. Oh, and income inequality. Sure, some leftish billionaires like George Soros have been railing against income inequality for years. But increasingly, centrist and right-wing billionaires are starting to worry about income inequality and the fate of the middle class. In December, Mortimer Zuckerman wrote a column in U. S. News & World Report, which he owns. “Our nation’s core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating,”lamented (哀叹) the 117th-richest man in America. “Most of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top of the income ladder. Average income for a household of people of working age, by contrast, has fallen five years in a raw.”He noted that, “Tens of millions of Americans live in fear that a major health problem can reduce them to bankruptcy.”Wilbur Ross Jr. has echoed Zuckerman’s anger over the bitter struggles faced by middle-class Americans. “It’s an outrage that any American’s life expectancy should be shortened simply because the company they worked for went bankrupt and ended health-care coverage,”said the former chairman of the International Steel Group. What’s happening? The very rich are just as trendy as you and I, and can be so when it comes to politics and policy. Given the recent change of control in Congress, the popularity of measures like increasing the minimum wage, and efforts by California’s governor to offer universal health care, these guys don’t need their own personal weathermen to know which way the wind blows. It’s possible that plutocrats are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory tax policies. But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesn’t keep plutocrats up at night. They can live with that. No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity. In other words, if middle-class Americans continue to struggle financially as the ultrawealthy grow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain political support for the free flow of goods, services, and capital across borders. And when the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods, it’s likely to encourage reciprocal action abroad. For people who buy and sell companies, or who allocate capital to markets all around the world, that’s the real nightmare.
39．What is the current topic of common interest among the very rich in America?
A．The fate of the ultrawealthy people.
B．The disintegration of the middle class.
C．The inequality in the distribution of wealth.
D．The conflict between the left and the right wing.
正确答案：C
解析：事实细节题。

根据题干中的among the very rich将本题出处定位于第一段。

本段第一句首先提出问题：2007年富人之间的最热话题是什么?接下来提到了三种话题，其中最后一句提到了收入不平等。

并且下文均围绕这一话题展开。

由此可知，富人们关注的话题是收入不平等，故答案为[C]项。

40．What do we learn from Mortimer Zuckerman’s lamentation?
A．Many middle-income families have failed to make a bargain for better welfare.
B．The American economic system has caused companies to go bankrupt.
C．The majority of Americans benefit little from the nation’s growing wealth.
D．The American nation is becoming more and more divided despite its wealth.
正确答案：C
解析：事实细节题。

根据题干中的Mortimer Zuckerman将本题出处定位于第三段。

本段主要是Mortimer Zuekerman的观点。

他指出，经济发展产生的财富绝大部分掌握在极少数人手中，而绝大多数人的平均收入不断下降。

故答案为[C]项。

41．From the fifth paragraph we can learn that______.
A．the very rich are fashion-conscious
B．the very rich are politically sensitive
C．universal health care is to be implemented throughout America
D．Congress has gained popularity by increasing the minimum wage
正确答案：B
解析：事实细节题。

第五段第二句指出，巨富们和你我一样都非常时髦，而在涉及政治和政策时，他们也是如此。

第三句作出了进一步说明，这些人甚至都不用自己的私人气象员就能知道风向哪边刮。

由此可知，这些巨富们对政治和政策很敏感，故答案为[B]。

42．What is the real reason for plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class?
A．They want to gain support for global economic integration.
B．They know that the middle class contributes most to society.
C．They want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation.
D．They feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity.
正确答案：A
解析：事实细节题。

根据题干中的plutocrats，express solidarity with the middle class将本题出处定位于第六段。

本段第一句指出富豪们与中产阶级站在统一战线上可能是因为他们想要使自己免于征用税。

但第二句通过but转折说明这并不是他们的真正意图。

继续向下阅读可发现，第七段第一句表达了富豪们的真正意图，即美国的收入分配和经济不稳定性将会使获取全球经济一体化支持的政治挑战变得更加困难。

由此可知，富豪们与中产阶级站在统一战线是因为他们想要获取他们对全球经济一体化的支持，故答案为[A]。

Like most people, I’ve long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that it also decides how I’m treated as a person. Last year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took a job waiting tables. As someone paid to serve food to people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they’d never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, and then beckoned me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I’d been. I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon by plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day I’d be sitting at their table, waiting to be served. Once I graduated I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from most everyone who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked —cordially. I soon found out differently. I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie. The mistake was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me. My job title made people treat me with courtesy. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry. It’s no secret that there’s a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others’needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant. I’m now applying to graduate school, which means someday I’ll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. I think I’ll take them to dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.
43．What does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph?。