中考英语几何图形单选题50题

中考英语几何图形单选题50题
1. The shape of a coin is _____.
A.square
B.rectangle
C.circle
D.triangle
答案：C。

本题考查几何图形的英语表达。

coin（ 硬币）的形状是圆形，选项A“square”是正方形；选项B“rectangle”是长方形；选项D“triangle”是三角形。

只有选项C“circle”是圆形。

2. A basketball is in the shape of a _____.
A.cube
B.sphere
C.cylinder
D.cone
答案：B。

本题考查不同几何图形的英语表达及对篮球形状的认识。

basketball 篮球）是球体形状，选项A“cube”是正方体；选项C“cylinder”是圆柱体；选项D“cone”是圆锥体。

只有选项B“sphere”是球体。

3. The rim of a bicycle wheel is _____.
A.straight
B.curved
C.angled
D.flat
答案：B。

本题考查对自行车车轮边缘形状的描述。

rim 边缘）的自行车车轮是圆形的，所以是弯曲的，选项A“straight”是直的；选项C“angled”是有角度的；选项D“flat”是平的。

只有选项B“curved”是弯曲的符合圆形边缘的特点。

4. The face of a clock is usually _____.
A.oval
B.hexagon
C.circle
D.pentagon
答案：C。

本题考查对钟表表盘形状的认识。

clock（钟表）的表盘通常是圆形的，选项A“oval”是椭圆形；选项B“hexagon”是六边形；选项D“pentagon”是五边形。

只有选项C“circle”是圆形。

5. A round table has a _____ top.
A.square
B.rectangular
C.circular
D.trapezoidal
答案：C。

本题考查对圆桌桌面形状的描述。

round table（ 圆桌）的桌面是圆形的，选项A“square”是正方形；选项B“rectangular”是长方形；选项D“trapezoidal”是梯形。

只有选项C“circular”是圆形的。

6.A triangle has three angles. The sum of these angles is always ____.
A.90 degrees
B.180 degrees
C.360 degrees
D.720 degrees
答案：B。

本题考查三角形内角和的知识。

三角形的内角和是180 度，所以答案是B。

A 选项90 度是直角三角形的一个直角的度数；
C 选项360 度是四边形的内角和；
D 选项720 度不符合任何常见图形的内角和。

7.The stability of a triangle is mainly due to ____.
A.its three sides being equal
B.its three angles being equal
C.its having three vertices
D.its structure with three sides and three angles
答案：D。

三角形的稳定性主要是因为它的三条边和三个角的结构。

A 选项三边相等不是稳定性的主要原因；B 选项三个角相等也不是稳定性的主要原因；C 选项有三个顶点与稳定性无关。

8.If one angle of a triangle is 60 degrees and the other two angles are equal, then each of the other two angles is ____ degrees.
A.60
B.75
C.65
D.70
答案：B。

三角形内角和是180 度，已知一个角是60 度，那么另外两个角的和是120 度，又因为这两个角相等，所以每个角是60 度。

A 选项已经知道一个角是60 度了，另外两个角不可能都是60 度；C 和D 选项不符合计算结果。

9.Which of the following is not a property of triangles?
A.Having three sides
B.Having four angles
C.Having three vertices
D.Having a definite area
答案：B。

三角形有三条边、三个顶点和一定的面积，但是没有四个角。

A 选项是三角形的基本特征；C 选项也是三角形的特征之一；D 选项三角形的面积可以通过不同的公式计算出来。

10.In a right triangle, one of the acute angles is 40 degrees. The other acute angle is ____ degrees.
A.40
B.50
C.60
D.70
答案：B。

在直角三角形中，两个锐角的和是90 度。

已知一个锐角是40 度，那么另一个锐角是50 度。

A 选项不符合两个锐角不相等的情况；C 和D 选项不符合计算结果。

11.The perimeter of a square is 20 meters. What is the length of one
side of the square?
A.4 meters
B.5 meters
C.6 meters
D.7 meters
答案：B。

本题考查正方形的周长公式。

正方形的周长等于4 倍边长，已知周长为20 米，那么边长就是20 除以4 等于5 米。

12.The area of a square is 36 square meters. What is the length of one side of the square?
A.5 meters
B.6 meters
C.7 meters
D.8 meters
答案：B。

本题考查正方形的面积公式。

正方形的面积等于边长的平方，已知面积为36 平方米，那么边长就是6 米，因为6 的平方是36。

13.A square has a side length of x meters. What is the perimeter of the square?
A.2x meters
B.3x meters
C.4x meters
D.5x meters
答案：C。

本题考查正方形周长公式。

正方形周长等于4 倍边长，边长为x 米，所以周长是4x 米。

14.The diagonal of a square is 10 meters. What is the length of one side of the square?
A.5 meters
B.6 meters
C.7 meters
D.5√2 meters
答案：D。

本题考查正方形对角线与边长的关系。

正方形对角线长度是边长的√2 倍，已知对角线为10 米，那么边长就是10 除以√2，化简后为5√2 米。

15.If the side length of a square is doubled, what happens to its area?
A.It doubles.
B.It triples.
C.It quadruples.
D.It remains the same.
答案：C。

本题考查正方形面积与边长的关系。

设原来边长为a，面积为a 的平方。

边长加倍后变为2a，面积变为4a 的平方，所以面积变为原来的四倍。

16.The perimeter of a rectangle is 24 cm. If the length is 8 cm, what is the width?
A.2 cm
B.4 cm
C.6 cm
D.8 cm
答案：B。

本题考查长方形的周长公式。

长方形周长等于2 倍的长加 2 倍的宽。

已知周长为24 厘米，长为8 厘米，设宽为x 厘米，则2×8 + 2x = 24，解得x = 4。

17.A rectangle has an area of 48 square centimeters. If the length is 8 centimeters, what is the width?
A.4 centimeters
B.6 centimeters
C.8 centimeters
D.12 centimeters
答案：B。

考查长方形面积公式。

面积等于长乘以宽。

已知面积为48 平方厘米，长为8 厘米，设宽为x 厘米，则8x = 48，解得x = 6。

18.The length of a rectangle is twice its width. If the perimeter is 30 cm, what is the length?
A.5 cm
B.10 cm
C.15 cm
D.20 cm
答案：B。

设宽为x 厘米，那么长为2x 厘米。

根据周长公式，
2×(x + 2x) = 30，解得x = 5，所以长为10 厘米。

19.The area of a rectangle is equal to the area of a square with a side length of 6 cm. If the width of the rectangle is 3 cm, what is the length?
A.8 cm
B.10 cm
C.12 cm
D.14 cm
答案：C。

正方形面积为6×6 = 36 平方厘米，因为长方形面积与正方形面积相等且宽为3 厘米，设长为x 厘米，则3x = 36，解得x = 12。

20.If the length and width of a rectangle are both increased by 2 cm, the area will increase by 40 square centimeters. If the original length is 8 cm, what is the original width?
A.6 cm
B.8 cm
C.10 cm
D.12 cm
答案：A。

设原宽为x 厘米，原来面积为8x 平方厘米。

长和宽都增加2 厘米后，面积为(8 + 2)×(x + 2)平方厘米。

根据题意可得(8 + 2)×(x + 2) - 8x = 40，解得x = 6。

21.The area of a trapezoid is 60 square centimeters. The sum of its upper and lower bases is 15 centimeters. What is the height?
B.6 centimeters
C.8 centimeters
D.10 centimeters
答案：A。

本题考查梯形面积公式的应用。

梯形面积公式为（上底+下底）×高÷2。

已知面积是60 平方厘米，上底与下底之和是15 厘米，设高为h，则可列出方程15h÷2 = 60，解得h = 4 厘米。

22.In a trapezoid, the length of the upper base is 8 centimeters and the length of the lower base is 12 centimeters. If the height is 6 centimeters, what is the area?
A.48 square centimeters
B.60 square centimeters
C.72 square centimeters
D.90 square centimeters
答案：B。

梯形面积公式为（ 上底+下底）×高÷2。

上底是8 厘米，下底是12 厘米，高是6 厘米，代入公式可得（8+12）×6÷2 = 60 平方厘米。

23.The area of a trapezoid is 45 square centimeters. If the height is 5 centimeters and the upper base is 6 centimeters, what is the length of the lower base?
A.12 centimeters
B.10 centimeters
D.18 centimeters
答案：A。

根据梯形面积公式，设下底为x 厘米，可列方程（6+x）×5÷2 = 45，解得x = 12 厘米。

24.A trapezoid has an upper base of 5 centimeters and a lower base of 9 centimeters. The height is 4 centimeters. What is the sum of the upper and lower bases?
A.14 centimeters
B.12 centimeters
C.16 centimeters
D.10 centimeters
答案：A。

题目直接问上底和下底之和，上底是5 厘米，下底是9 厘米，两者相加为14 厘米。

25.The area of a trapezoid is 36 square centimeters. The height is 4 centimeters and the lower base is twice as long as the upper base. What is the length of the upper base?
A.4 centimeters
B.6 centimeters
C.8 centimeters
D.12 centimeters
答案：B。

设上底为x 厘米，下底就是2x 厘米，根据梯形面积公式可列方程 x+2x）×4÷2 = 36，解得x = 6 厘米。

26.Which of the following statements is true about a parallelogram?
A.All sides are equal.
B.Opposite angles are supplementary.
C.Opposite sides are parallel.
D.All angles are right angles.
答案：C。

本题考查平行四边形的性质。

选项A，所有边相等是菱形的性质，平行四边形对边相等；选项B，平行四边形的对角相等，不是互补；选项C，平行四边形的对边平行，正确；选项D，所有角是直角的是矩形，平行四边形的角不一定是直角。

27.The diagonals of a parallelogram _____.
A.are equal in length.
B.bisect each other.
C.are perpendicular to each other.
D.are parallel to each other.
答案：B。

选项A，对角线相等是矩形的性质；选项B，平行四边形的对角线互相平分，正确；选项C，对角线互相垂直是菱形的性质；选项D，对角线不可能平行。

28.In a parallelogram ABCD, if ∠A = 70°, then ∠C is _____.
A.70°
B.110°
C.140°
D.180°
答案：A。

平行四边形对角相等，∠A 与∠C 是对角，所以∠C = 70°。

29.The perimeter of a parallelogram with sides of length 6 cm and 8 cm is _____.
A.14 cm
B.28 cm
C.48 cm
D.64 cm
答案：B。

平行四边形周长等于两邻边和的 2 倍，6+8）×2 = 28cm。

30.If one angle of a parallelogram is twice the measure of its adjacent angle, then the smaller angle is _____.
A.60°
B.72°
C.45°
D.30°
答案：A。

设较小角为x，则较大角为2x，平行四边形邻角互补，x+2x = 180°，解得x = 60°。

31.A rhombus has four equal sides and four equal angles. What's the property of a rhombus?
A.Four unequal sides and four equal angles.
B.Four equal sides and four unequal angles.
C.Four equal sides and four equal angles.
D.Four unequal sides and four unequal angles.
答案：C。

本题考查菱形的性质，菱形有四条相等的边和四个相等的角。

A 选项是四条不等边和四个相等角，错误；B 选项是四条等边和四个不等角，错误；C 选项符合菱形性质；D 选项四条不等边和四个不等角，错误。

32.The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular to each other. Which statement is correct?
A.The diagonals of a rhombus are parallel.
B.The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular.
C.The diagonals of a rhombus are equal.
D.The diagonals of a rhombus are not related.
答案：B。

本题考查菱形对角线的性质，菱形的对角线互相垂直。

A 选项平行错误；
B 选项正确；
C 选项菱形对角线不一定相等，错误；
D 选项错误。

33.A rhombus is a special kind of parallelogram. What's the relationship between a rhombus and a parallelogram?
A.A rhombus is not related to a parallelogram.
B.A rhombus is a special parallelogram.
C.A parallelogram is a special rhombus.
D.A rhombus and a parallelogram have no common features.
答案：B。

本题考查菱形与平行四边形的关系，菱形是一种特殊的平行四边形。

A 选项错误；B 选项正确；C 选项说法错误；D 选
项错误。

34.The area of a rhombus can be calculated by multiplying the lengths of its diagonals and dividing by 2. If the diagonals of a rhombus are 6 and 8, what's the area?
A.24
B.48
C.12
D.16
答案：A。

本题考查菱形面积的计算方法，菱形面积等于对角线之积的一半。

6×8÷2=24。

35.A rhombus has symmetry. How many lines of symmetry does a rhombus have?
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
答案：B。

本题考查菱形的对称性，菱形有两条对称轴。

36.A polygon has n sides. If the sum of its interior angles is 1440 degrees, then n is equal to_____.
A.8
B.9
C.10
答案：C。

本题考查多边形内角和公式。

多边形内角和公式为(n - 2)×180°，已知内角和为1440°，则(n - 2)×180 = 1440，解得n = 10。

37.A regular polygon has each interior angle equal to 140 degrees. How many sides does it have?_____.
A.7
B.8
C.9
D.10
答案：C。

设这个正多边形有n 条边，根据正多边形内角和公式可得(n - 2)×180°/n = 140°，解方程可得n = 9。

38.If a polygon has 12 sides, what is the sum of its interior angles?_____.
A.1620 degrees
B.1800 degrees
C.1980 degrees
D.2160 degrees
答案：B。

根据多边形内角和公式(n - 2)×180°，n = 12 时，内角和为(12 - 2)×180 = 1800°。

39.A polygon has n sides. If each exterior angle is 30 degrees, then n is_____.
A.10
C.12
D.13
答案：C。

多边形外角和为360°，因为每个外角是30°，所以边数n = 360°÷30° = 12。

40.The sum of the interior angles of a polygon is twice the sum of its exterior angles. How many sides does the polygon have?_____.
A.6
B.7
C.8
D.9
答案：C。

设多边形边数为n，根据多边形内角和公式(n - 2)×180°，外角和为360°，由题意可得(n - 2)×180 = 2×360，解得n = 8。

41.The volume of a sphere is given by the formula V = (4/3)πr³. If the radius of a sphere is 3 cm, what is its volume?
A.36π cubic centimeters
B.18π cubic centimeters
C.12π cubic centimeters
D.9π cubic centimeters
答案：A。

本题考查球体体积公式的应用。

半径为3 厘米，代入公式可得体积为(4/3)×π×3³ = 36π 立方厘米。

42.The surface area of a sphere is given by the formula S = 4πr². If the
surface area of a sphere is 36π square centimeters, what is the radius?
A.3 centimeters
B.4 centimeters
C.6 centimeters
D.9 centimeters
答案：A。

本题考查球体表面积公式的应用。

已知表面积为36π 平方厘米，代入公式可得36π = 4πr²，解得r = 3 厘米。

43.A sphere has a volume of 8π cubic centimeters. What is the radius of the sphere?
A.2 centimeters
B.4 centimeters
C.8 centimeters
D.16 centimeters
答案：A。

根据球体体积公式，8π = (4/3)πr³，化简可得r³ = 6，解得r = 2 厘米。

44.The radius of a sphere is doubled. What happens to its volume?
A.It doubles.
B.It triples.
C.It quadruples.
D.It becomes eight times larger.
答案：D。

设原来半径为r，体积为V∠ = (4/3)πr³。

半径变为2r 后，体积为V∠ = (4/3)π(2r)³ = (4/3)π×8r³ = 8V∠。

45.The surface area of a sphere is proportional to the square of its radius. If the radius of a sphere is increased by a factor of 3, what happens to its surface area?
A.It is increased by a factor of 3.
B.It is increased by a factor of 6.
C.It is increased by a factor of 9.
D.It is increased by a factor of 12.
答案：C。

设原来半径为r，表面积为S∠ = 4πr²。

半径变为3r 后，表面积为S∠ = 4π(3r)² = 36πr² = 9×4πr² = 9S∠。

46.The volume of a cube is 64 cubic centimeters. What is the length of one side of the cube?
A.4 centimeters
B.6 centimeters
C.8 centimeters
D.10 centimeters
答案：A。

本题考查正方体体积公式。

正方体体积为边长的立方，已知体积为64 立方厘米，对64 开立方可得边长为4 厘米。

47.The surface area of a cube is 96 square centimeters. What is the length of one side of the cube?
A.4 centimeters
B.6 centimeters
C.8 centimeters
答案：A。

本题考查正方体表面积公式。

正方体表面积为6 倍边长的平方，设边长为a，则6a²=96，解得a=4 厘米。

48.A cube has a side length of 5 centimeters. What is its volume?
A.125 cubic centimeters
B.100 cubic centimeters
C.75 cubic centimeters
D.50 cubic centimeters
答案：A。

正方体体积为边长的立方，5 的立方是125 立方厘米。

49.A cube has a side length of 3 centimeters. What is its surface area?
A.54 square centimeters
B.36 square centimeters
C.27 square centimeters
D.18 square centimeters
答案：A。

正方体表面积为6 倍边长的平方，3 的平方乘以6 等于54 平方厘米。

50.The volume of a cube is twice the volume of another cube. If the side length of the smaller cube is 2 centimeters, what is the side length of the larger cube?
A.2 centimeters
B.2√2 centimeters
C.4 centimeters
答案：B。

小正方体体积为2 的立方等于8 立方厘米，大正方体体积是小正方体的两倍为16 立方厘米，对16 开立方得2√2 厘米。