2022届老高考创新英语一轮复习导学讲义第1部分主题群2主题语境(3)生命的意义与价值

主题语境(三) 生命的意义与价值
阅读理解
A(2019·天津卷·D)
Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning，and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes，and the book was Don Quixote(《堂吉诃德》). And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before?
We've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark. I'm not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can't all get there. I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.
Most of us，in fact，progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But，if we are willing to learn，the opportunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.We learn to bear with the things we can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please，some people are never going to love us－an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high motivation and enthusiasm，we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However，we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little
egos(自我)，whether to loved ones，to fellow humans，to work，or to some moral concept.
Many of us equate(视……等同于)“commitment”with such “caring”occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People who work toward such excellence－whether they are driving a truck，or running a store－make the world better just by being the kind of people they are. They've learned life's most valuable lesson.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。

讲述了要成功，就需要不断地学习，这样的生活才会有意义。

1．The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that________．
A．loss of freedom stimulates one's creativity
B．age is not a barrier to achieving one's goal
C．misery inspires a man to fight against his fate
D．disability cannot stop a man's pursuit of success
B[推理判断题。

第一段讲述塞万提斯一生不幸，负债累累，因为战争受伤左手残疾，同时还身陷囹圄，在53岁的时候决定写书，最终写出成名作《堂吉诃德》，根据后文可知，所有的困境都没有阻挡他的成功，年龄也是如此，故选B。

]
2．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．End one's struggle for liberty.
B．Waste one's energy taking risks.
C．Miss the opportunity to succeed.
D．Lose the interest to continue learning.
D[词义猜测题。

根据第三段“I'm not talking about those who fail to get to the top.We can't all get there.I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.”可知，作者谈论的不是那些没有到达巅峰的人，而是谈
论那些不再学习成长的人，故可知run out of steam意为“没有兴趣继续学习”，故选D。

]
3．What could be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A．Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.
B．Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
C．Opportunity favors those with a curious mind.
D．Opportunity awaits those with a cautious mind.
C[推理判断题。

根据第四段“We lose our sense of wonder. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere.”可知，我们失去了好奇感，但是如果我们愿意学习，机会无处不在，故可知，机会总是留给那些有好奇心的人，故选C。

]
4．What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5?
A．A tough man can tolerate suffering.
B．A wise man can live without self-pity.
C．A man should try to satisfy people around him.
D．A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.
D[推理判断题。

根据第五段“We learn to bear with the things we can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us－an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.”可知，我们学会承受那些无法改变的事情，学会避免自怜，也意识到无论我们怎么去取悦别人，有些人是无法喜欢我们的，这个观点起初让我们苦恼，但是之后会让我们释怀，故可知，本段作者告诉我们要学会使用恰当的方式来对待生活，故选D。

]
5．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A．To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B．To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
C．To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.
D．To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our life-long career.
A[主旨大意题。

本文讲述要成功，就需要不断地学习，这样的生活才会有价值，故本文作者的目的是为了指导我们过一个有价值的成年人生活，故选A。

]
B(2018·天津卷·B)
When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, “Do you have the address? ”“No, but I'll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine.”
“Oh, stop. There it is！”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.
“May I help you？”a man asked. “No，”I said. “We're fine.”Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where do you think you are？”he asked. I turned sharply. “The McNay Art Museum！”He smiled, shaking his head. “Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.”“What's this place？”I asked, still confused. “Well, it's our home.”My heart jolted(震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out, “Sally! Come down immediately! ”
“There's some really good stuff(艺术作品) up there.”She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, “Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place.”Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.
The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual
happened.
Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. “Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum？”
“Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.”
“That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I've always wanted to thank you.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆，但到了之后发现很多人奇怪地看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆。

30年后，一位女士认出误入自己住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。

6．What do we know about Marian McNay?
A．She was a painter.
B．She was a community leader.
C．She was a museum director.
D．She was a journalist.
A[细节理解题。

根据文章第一段“When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay.”可知，Marian McNay是一名画家。

故选A。

]
7．Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?
A．She disliked people who were nosy.
B．She felt nervous when talking to strangers.
C．She knew more about art than the man.
D．She mistook him for a tour guide.
D[细节理解题。

根据文章第四段“May I help you？”a man asked. “No，”
I said. “We're fine.”Tour guides got on my nerves.可知，导游令作者心烦，作者
误认为屋子里的人是导游。

故选D。

]
8．How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?
A．Puzzled.B．Concerned.
C．Frightened. D．Delighted.
A[推理判断题。

根据文章第四段“The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem？(大厅的人看起来都非常爱窥探的，眼睛不停地好奇地看着我。

他们有什么问题？)”可以推断出，作者当时感到困惑不解。

故选A。

]
9．Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?
A．The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.
B．She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.
C．The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.
D．The event happening in the house was more significant.
D[推理判断题。

根据全文可知，作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay 博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才是文章的重心，所以将真正的McNay博物馆叙述一带而过。

故选D。

]
10．What could we learn from the last paragraph?
A．People should have good taste to enjoy life.
B．People should spend more time with their family.
C．People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.
D．People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.
C[推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段“Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.”可知，在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可以推断出，人们往往对周围的美视而不见。

故选C。

]
C(2018·天津卷·D)
Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的)to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first.
Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a “ruby-crowned kinglet”and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.
The pressures of “time”and “destination”are further blocks to awareness.
I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them. I asked them what they'd seen. “Oh, a few birds，”they said.They seemed bent on their destinations.
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇散文。

我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。

作者通过此文告诉我们：放慢脚步，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。

11．According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more________．
A．anxious to do wonders
B．sensitive to others' feelings
C．likely to develop unpleasant habits
D．eager to explore the world around them
D[推理判断题。

根据文章第二段“Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults.”可知，与成人相比较，孩子观察得更多，从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。

故选D。

]
12．What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?
A．To avoid jumping to conclusions.
B．To stop complaining all the time.
C．To follow the teacher's advice.
D．To admit mistakes honestly.
A[推理判断题。

根据文章第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚，作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候，学生们抱怨水太凉而不愿往前走，结果事实上那是一个温泉。

作者举这样一个例子是为了向读者传递这样的观念：避免草率下结论。

故选A。

]
13．The bird watchers' behavior shows that they________．
A．are very patient in their observation
B．are really fascinated by nature
C．care only about the names of birds
D．question the accuracy of the field guides
C[细节理解题。

根据文章第四段全段及首句“Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things.”可知，观鸟者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字，并不关心它在做什么。

故选C。

]
14．Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?
A．The natural beauty isn't attractive to them.
B．They focus on arriving at the camp in time.
C．The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.
D．They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.
B[细节理解题。

根据文章第五段“I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them.”可知，徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地，而很少关心周围的事物。

故选B。

]
15．In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should________．
A．fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world
B．get rid of some bad habits in our daily life
C．open our mind to new things and ideas
D．try our best to protect nature
A[推理判断题。

文章作者想要通过此文要告诉我们：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙吧。

]
完形填空
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
In 1973，I was teaching elementary school. Each day，27 kids 1 “The Thinking Laboratory.”That was the 2 students voted for after deciding that “Room 104”was too 3 ．
Freddy was an average 4 ，but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情)．He would 5 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's 6 ．
Before the school year 7 ，I gave the kids a special 8 ，T-shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your 9 ”on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词)may seem dull，most of the 10things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.
Through the years，I'd run into former students who would provide 11 on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 12 from high school and remained the same 13 person I met forty years before. Once，while working overnight at a store，he let a homeless man 14 in his truck. Another time，he 15 a friend money to buy a house.
Just last year，I was 16 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman 17 the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and 18 it up. Inside were the “Verbs”shirt and a 19 from Freddy's mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”
I told the story to the class. As sad as it was，I couldn't help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us，we all 20 something from Freddy.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了作者的一个学生弗雷德在上学时是一个有趣的人，也是一个同情别人的人。

后来，作者陆续听到跟弗雷德有关的消息。

他做了好几份工作，依旧乐于助人。

就在去年，弗雷德去世了，他的妈妈给了作者一个信封，里面是那件带着“Verbs”的T恤衫和一张纸条。

作者虽然很伤感，却从弗雷德身上得到了一些东西。

1．A.built B．entered C．decorated D．ran
B[根据空格前的“teaching elementary school”以及空格后的“Room 104”可知，是进入了(enter)这个房间。

]
2． B．rule
C．brand D．plan
A[根据空格前的“The Thinking Laboratory”可知这是“Room 104”的名字(name)。

]
3．A.small B．dark
C．strange D．dull
D[学生们把Room 104改为The Thinking Laboratory，是因为他们觉得
“Room 104”这个名字很无趣(dull)，这与第三段中的dull相呼应。

] 4．A.scholar B．student
C．citizen D．worker
B[上文2空后有“students”，下文第四段中也提到former students，由此可知选B项，表示“弗雷德是一名普通的学生(student)”。

]
5．A.speak B．sing
C．question D．laugh
D[根据空格后的“fun”可知此处与笑(laugh)有关，而后面的saddest又与之对应。

]
6．A.misfortune B．disbelief
C．dishonesty D．mistake
A[空格前的saddest与“不幸(misfortune)”对应，只有不幸的事才能令人伤心。

]
7．A.changed B．approached
C．returned D．ended
D[根据空格后的作者送学生们T恤衫可知，是本学年结束(end)之前。

] 8．A.lesson B．gift
C．report D．message
B[根据空格后的T-shirts可知，这是老师送给学生们的礼物(gift)。

]
9．A.Friends B．Awards
C．Masters D．Tasks
A[根据下文可知，很多有趣的事情都是verbs做的，由此可推测T-shirts 上写的是“动词是你的朋友(friends)”。

]
10．A.simple B．unique
C．fun D．clever
C[句中的while意为“虽然”，再由空前的dull可知，此处应填与之对应
的fun，表示“有趣的，令人快乐的”。

]
11．A.assessments B．comments
C．instructions D．updates
D[根据空格前的“former students”以及空格后的“old classmates”可知，作者不时地从以前的学生那里听到他们现在的消息，这种消息对作者来说就是学生的不断更新(update)的消息。

]
12．A.graduation B．retirement
C．separation D．resignation
A[根据前面的“former students”和空格后的“from high school”可知，是高中毕业(graduation)后。

]
13．A.daring B．modest
C．caring D．smart
C[根据空格前的“remained”以及下文列举的帮助无家可归的人、借钱给朋友可知，弗雷德依旧是一个乐于助人的(caring)人。

]
14．A.wait B．sleep
C．study D．live
B[根据空格前的“homeless”可知，此处是说让这个无家可归的人睡(sleep)在他的卡车里。

]
15．A.paid B．charged
C．lent D．owed
C[根据空格后的“money”和“buy a house”可知，此处是借(lend)钱给朋友买房子。

]
16．A.observing B．preparing
C．designing D．conducting
D[根据空格后的“a workshop，classroom door”以及“stopped teaching”
可知，作者正在研习班上课。

句中的conduct是“进行”的意思。

] 17．A.regretted B．avoided
C．excused D．ignored
C[根据空格后的“interruption”可知，她打扰了作者而请求作者的原谅(excuse)。

]
18．A.opened B．packed
C．gave D．held
A[根据空格前的“an envelope”以及空格后的“Inside were the...”可知，作者打开了(open)信封。

]
19．A.picture B．bill
C．note D．diary
C[信封里是这件“Verbs”shirt，还有一张纸条(note)。

]
20．A.chose B．took
C．expected D．borrowed
B[根据空格前的“was taken”可知，此处也应用take(拿)，表示“虽然弗雷德从我们身边被带走了，但我们都从弗雷德身上得到了一些东西”。

]
1．debt n．债务
2．prisoner n．囚犯
3．progressively ad v. 渐进地；日益增多地
4．maturity n．成熟；到期
5．self-pity n．自怜；自哀
6．equate v.等同于
7．barrier n．障碍物；屏障
8．await v．等待；将降临到
9．upstairs ad v. 在(或向)楼上adj. 楼上的10．sculpture n. 雕塑；雕刻
11．sharply ad v.急剧地；锐利地
12．staircase n．楼梯
13．residence n．住宅；住处
14．distinction n. 区别，区分
15．block n. 块；街区；大厦；障碍物
v t. 阻止；阻塞
16．destination n. 目的地；终点
17．dull adj. 钝的；迟钝的；无趣的；呆滞的；阴暗的18．overnight adj.晚上的；一夜之间的
ad v.在夜间；一夜之间；突然
1．concept n. 观念；概念
2．awaken v.唤醒；唤起；使……意识到
3．admit v.承认；准许进入；可容纳
4．encounter v.遭遇；邂逅；遇到n. 遭遇；偶然碰见5．average adj. 普通的
6．former adj. 从前的；前者的
7．interruption n. 打断；中断
8．gift n．天赋；天资；礼物
1．injure v t.损害；伤害→ injury n．伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的
2．adopt v t.采用；采纳；收养→adopted adj.被收养的；被采用的→adoption n．收养；采用
3．narrow adj.狭窄的→narrowly adv.狭窄地；勉强地
4．special adj.特别的→specialize v．专门研究；专攻→specialization n．专门化；特殊化
5．occupy v t.占用；占领；占据→occupation n．职业→ occupied adj.忙于；使用中
6．fascinate v.使着迷→fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的→fascinated adj. 着迷的；被深深吸引的→fascination n. 魅力；魔力；入迷
7．willing adj.乐意的；自愿的→unwilling adj.(反义词)不情愿的；不乐意的
1．bet on 就……打赌
2．turn out (以某种方式)发生；最后是，结果是
3．go to seed (人)衰老；失去活力
4．run out of steam 筋疲力尽；泄气；失去动力；没有精力
5．frame of mind 心态；心绪
6．open a new dimension 打开新局面
[即时演练]单句语法填空
1．He turned around and narrowly (narrow) escaped being hit by a car.
2．It was the second time that we had succeeded(succeed) in holding such important parties.
3．Either you or the headmaster is to hand out the prizes to those gifted (gift)students at the meeting.
4．A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28, 1976, in which thousands of people died and many were injured (injure)．
5．Everybody should be made aware of the risks involved.
6．The volunteer said that he was willing to participate (participate)in the voluntary activity.
7．It turned out that she declined the invitation because she had something urgent to attend to.
8．Occupying herself with routine office tasks, she had no time to attend to her children.
9．The teacher's smile implied that she had forgiven (forgive)me.
10．Danny is their adopted(adopt) son.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)
1．And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before？提出
2．We learn to bear with the things we can't change.容忍；忍受
3．They seemed bent on their destinations. 一心想去；执意要去
Ⅱ.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1．Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he determines to write a book.
[译文]不知受什么动机的驱使，他决定要写一本书。

2．Tour guides got on my nerves.
[译文]导游让我心烦意乱。

3．As sad as it was，I couldn't help smiling.
[译文]尽管故事令人很伤感，我还是忍不住笑了。

Ⅲ.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)
1．We learn that however much we try to please，some people are never going to love us－an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
[分析]本句是主从复合句。

第一个that引导宾语从句，该从句本身又是一个主从结构，however引导让步状语从句。

第二个that引导定语从句。

[译文]我们意识到，无论我们怎样尽力去取悦别人，有些人是决不会喜欢我们的－－这个观点起初让我们苦恼，但最后会让我们释怀。

2．However，we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我)，whether to loved ones，to fellow humans，to work，or to some moral concept.
[分析]本句是一个复合句，其中only if引导条件状语从句，“whether...”为省略的让步状语从句；完整的句子为“whether we have made a commitment to loved ones，to fellow humans，to work，or to some moral concept”。

[译文]然而，只有向比小小自我更大的东西做出奉献时，比如所爱的人、人类同胞、工作，或者某种道德观念，我们才能实现人生的意义。

3．Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
[分析]本句是一个复合句。

主句是Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple，其中Relearning the art of seeing the world around us是动名词作主语；从句是although引导的让步状语从句，其中takes 和requires是并列谓语。

[译文]重新学习观察我们周围世界的艺术其实很简单，尽管它需要练习，需要改掉一些坏习惯。

4．I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词)may seem dull，most of the fun things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.
[分析]本句是一个复合句。

that引导的是一个宾语从句，从句中又包含一个while引导的让步状语从句和省略了that或which的定语从句。

[译文]我曾告诉孩子们，虽然动词可能看起来很无聊，但是他们一生中所做的大多数有趣的事情都将是动词完成的。

1．appeal n．吸引力，魅力；恳求；上诉v．求助，诉请，呼吁，有吸引力
(1)appeal to sb. for sth./to do sth.向某人呼吁/恳求……
sth. appeal(s) to sb.某物对某人有吸引力
(2)make an appeal to sb.for sth./to do sth.向某人呼吁/恳求……
(3)appealing adj. 有感染力的；有吸引力的
appeal to friends for help恳请朋友帮助
appeal to everyone to save water呼吁人人节约用水
make an appeal for money and clothes呼吁捐钱捐衣物
wide/popular appeal广受欢迎
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.
②The police are appealing to the public for information about the crime.
③Our school appeals to the students to set(set) aside at least an hour every day to take exercise in order to raise learning efficiency.
④And, even if I weren't excited enough about free credits, news about our instructor was appealing (appeal) enough to me.
[能力提升]－－词汇升级
普通表达：Your advertisement has attracted me much so I want to get the position.
高级表达：Your advertisement has appealed to me much so I want to apply for the position.
2．occupation n．职业；占有；消遣
(1)by occupation 职业上
take up an occupation 就业
(2)occupy v．占领；占据；使从事，使忙碌；任职
occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.从事于某事，忙于做某事
(3)occupied adj.被占用的；在使用的；忙于
be occupied with sth./in doing sth.从事于某事，忙于做某事
be fully occupied with my work 我的工作忙得不可开交
be occupied in doing housework all day 整天忙着做家务活
all the tables were occupied 餐桌都坐满了
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①It is good manners not to disturb others when they are occupied with their work.
②The occupation(occupy) takes up most of her time, thus leaving her least time for her family.
[能力提升]－－一句多译
正忙着准备考试，我没有时间放松。

①Occupying myself with/in preparing for the coming examination, I have no time for relaxation.(现在分词短语作状语)
②Occupied with/in preparing for the coming examination，I have no time for relaxation.(过去分词短语作状语)
3．mention v. & n．提到，涉及；说起
(1)mention doing sth.提及做某事
mention sth.to sb.向某人提到某事
mention to sb. that ...向某人提及……
not to mention ＝without mentioning 更不必说；更谈不上
Don't mention it.不客气/不用谢(表示感谢的答语)。

(2)at the mention of 一提到
mention taking sleeping pills regularly 提到了经常服用安眠药
mention her childhood to the journalist 向记者提到了她的童年
not to mention the fact that it's raining 更不用说正在下雨了
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①I hear they've promoted Tom, but he didn't mention having been promoted (promote) when we talked on the phone.
②The boy is good at advanced mathematics, not to mention(mention) such an easy problem.
③At the mention of a trip to the seaside this weekend, the children got very excited.
[能力提升]－－一句多译
他昨天给我打电话的时候，他没有提到在公园遇到了你。

①When he called me yesterday, he didn't mention meeting/having met you in the park.(mention doing)
②When he called me yesterday, he didn't mention that he had met you in the park.(mention that ...)
4．complain v．抱怨；发牢骚；投诉
(1)complain (to sb.) of/about sth.(向某人)投诉/抱怨某事
complain (to sb.) that ...(向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint n．抱怨；投诉；控告
make a complaint to sb.about/of sth.向某人抱怨/投诉某事
complain about heavy traffic 抱怨交通拥堵
complain about not feeling appreciated at work
抱怨在工作中没有受到赏识
threaten to complain to the boss 威胁要向老板投诉
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①The students began complaining about/of how cold it would be.
②If you wish to make a complaint(complain) about the service, you should see the manager.
[能力提升]－－一句多译
几名旅客向航空公司投诉班机上服务差。

①Several passengers complained to the air company about the bad service on the flight.(complain)
②Several passengers made a complaint to the air company about the bad service on the flight.(complaint)
5．average adj.平均的；普通的；平常的n．平均数；平均水平v．平均为；计算出……的平均数
an average of 平均
with the/an average of 平均为
on (the/an) average 平均起来；在一般情况下
above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均数
the average score in English 英语的平均分
with an average of about 500 customers a week
每周平均约有500个顾客
an average of nearly one million copies of all books
平均接近100万册的各种书籍
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.
②An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making it the driest year since California became a state in 1850.
③To their joy, their son's schoolwork is well above average.
[能力提升]－－一句多译
随着人口平均年龄的增长，越来越多的老年人需要照顾。

①As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.(状语从句)
②With an average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.(with复合结构)
6．note n. 短笺；便条；纸币；笔记；记录；注释；批注
v. 注意；留意；指出；特别提到
(1)make/take a note/notes (of ...) 记下，记录(……)
take note of 注意到
leave a note for sb.给某人留个便条
compare notes (with sb.) (与某人)交换意见
(2)be noted for 因……而闻名
be noted as 作为……而著称
It is worth noting that ... 值得指出的是……
a scientist of note 一位著名的科学家
a ￡5 note 一张面值为5英镑的纸币
make a note of the key points in class 在课堂上记下要点
take note of her talent for music 注意到她的音乐天赋
compare notes with each other 互相交换意见
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after leaving a note behind to let the owner know it was safe.
②Food of this restaurant is noted(note) for its good taste and high quality.
[能力提升]－－完成句子
而且你也要记住，经常与同学们交换意见是提高学习成绩的一种好方法。

And you also should keep in mind that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study.
Inside were the “Verbs”shirt and a note from Freddy's mother.里面是这
件“Verbs”T恤衫，还有一张来自弗雷德妈妈的纸条。

[句型公式]本句为介词短语位于句首时引起的完全倒装句式，正常语序为：The “Verbs”shirt and a note from Freddy's mother were inside.
全部倒装的条件：
(1)表示地点、方位或时间的副词，如here，there，in，out，up，down，away，now，then 等以及表示方位的介词短语置于句首时；
(2)谓语动词一般为be动词或lie，come，go，stand等动词；
(3)句子的主语为名词。

如果句子的主语为代词，主谓不倒装。

sweet voice，“Good morning，children.”
在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好。

”
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Between you and your dreams stands (stand) a lot of hard work.
②Look! Here comes(come) the school bus; let's hurry.
③Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were (be)the impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.
[能力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：There is an architecture on the top of the hill. The architecture dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
高级表达：On the top of the hill stands an architecture dating back to the Ming Dynasty.(分词短语作定语的倒装句)
夯基固本·知识落实
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1．The problem mentioned(mention) just now will be discussed this afternoon.
2．I'm writing a letter, expecting your newspaper to appeal to the public to pay (pay) more attention to environmental protection.
3．We can't afford a car, not to mention(mention) the fact that we have no garage.。