2021届广东省惠州市第一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析

2021届广东省惠州市第一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Come and enjoy Vivaldi's TheFour Seasonsperformed by live musicians!
Tickets
△Zone A Sating (Excellent Visibility, $75)
△Zone B Seating (Great Visibility, $60)
△Zone C Seating (Good Visibility, $45)
△Zone D Seating (Restricted Visibility, 30)
Zone A and Zone B audiences will get the chance to take pictures with the performers on the stage after the show.
Highlights
* A beautiful venue bathed in candlelight.
*Classical music performance by the Angel Strings quartet
*A safe and socially-distanced event, ensuring you are comfortable and at ease.
General Info
*Dates and times: Various dates, at 6:30 pm and 8:30 pm (select during purchase).
*How long: 65 minutes. Doors open 45 minutes before the start time. We recommend you arrive at least 30 minutes before the start of the event, as late entry is not permitted.
*Where: Events on Oxlade
*Age requirement: Must be 8 years old or older to attend. Anyone under the age of 16 must be accompanied by an adult.
*Please note: The 6:30 pm seating will take place during daylight hours outdoors, and the space will not be that dark. In the case of rain, the event will be moved to the indoor area of the venue.
Description
Whether you're looking for a beautifully unique classical music performance or a romantic candlelit experience, this performance is for you. You don't need to know all things about Vivaldi to enjoy the evening; simply sit back and admire the wonderful atmosphere and the pieces you'll hear.
Join our musicians for an evening under the stars, and prepare to be taken into the clouds with Vivaldi' s most treasured masterpieces!
1.What can someone with a $45 ticket do?
A.Perform on the stage.
B.Enjoy good visibility.
C.Select a seat in Zone B.
D.Take photos with the musicians.
2.What should potential audiences keep in mind?
A.Arrive at the venue on time.
B.Learn about Vivaldi in advance.
C.The performance lasts 45 minutes.
D.The event will be canceled if it rains.
3.What do we know about the 8:30 p.m. performance?
A.It welcomes children under the age of 8.
B.Its performers differ on different dates.
C.Its stage will be decorated with candles.
D.It will be shown in the indoor area of the venue.
B
Addiction to smartphones will result in poor sleep, according to a new study.
The study, published Tuesday in Frontiers in Psychiatry, looked at smartphone use among 1,043 students between the ages of 18 and 30at King's College London. Researchers asked the students to complete two questionnaires on their sleep quality and smartphone use, in person and online.
Using a 10-question scale that was developed to judge smartphone addiction in children, nearly 40% of the university students qualified as "addicted" to smartphones, the study found. “Our findings are in agreement with other reported studies in young adult populations globally, which are in the range of 30-45%,” lead author Sei Yon Sohn and her co-authors wrote in the study. "Later time of use was also significantly connected with smartphone addiction, with use after 1 a.m. increasing a 3- times risk," the authors wrote.
Students who reported high use of smartphones also reported poor sleep quality, the study found. That foils in line with previous studies that have found overuse of smartphones at night to be associated with trouble falling asleep, reduced sleep duration (睡眠持续时间)and daytime tiredness. That's likely because use of smartphones close to bedtime has been shown to delay the body's normal sleep - and - wake clock.
In fact, the No. 1 rule is "no computers, cell phones, and ipads in bed and at least one hour beforebed Dr. Vsevolod Polotsky, who directs sleep basic research, said in a recent interview. That's because "any LED light source from electronics (电子设备)may further hold back melatonin (褪黑激素)levels," Polotsky said. Melatonin
is often referred to as a "sleep hormone," because we sleep better during the night when levels reach the top.
“This is a cross-sectional study, and it cannot lead to any firm conclusions about smartphone use as the cause of reduced sleep quality, said Bob Patton, a lecturer in clinical psychology at the University of Surrey, via email.
4. How did Sei Yon Sohn's team begin their study?
A. By publishing researching papers.
B. By responding to others’ concern.
C. By collecting firsthand data.
D. By turning to related experts.
5. What did the study find about sleep quality and smartphone use?
A. 30-45% of the university students are addicted to smartphones.
B. High use of smartphones is related to poor sleep quality.
C. Overuse of smartphones leads to shorter sleep duration.
D. Use after 1 a.m. will result in smartphone addiction.
6. What is Polotsky's opinion on electronics ?
A. We should stop using them an hour before going to sleep.
B. LED light source from them will delay normal sleep- and- wake clock.
C. Reduced sleep quality has nothingto do with them.
D. No electronics should be used in bed at any time.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Say No to Smartphones
B. Sleep Quality Can Be Improved
C. LED Light Source Causes Great Harm
D. Smartphone Addiction Ruins Sleep
C
A crew（全体成员）of six teenage girls completed a nine-day sailing trip in the US recently, after having seasickness and strong winds.
For the past three years, the Sea Cadet teenagers whoset sail were all male. Roger Noakes, who captained（担任队长）the boat, said this was the first time he’d taken out an all-female crew.
The girls asked for an all-girls trip in August this year. The crew set sail along with three adults, Noakes and two Sea Cadet representatives. The original plan was for the girls to sail 24 hours a day in rotating shifts（轮流换班）along the coast and then return. Things turned out differently, however. “The first night was difficult because the wind was really hard. The waves were going up and down,” said Abby Fairchild,16. “Everybody got seasick.”
Noakes gave the girls the choice of just sailing in the bay and not going into open water. “But they decided they were going.”
The teenagers then sailed a long way overnight and slept in shifts. “We’ve learned everything from controlling the boat to putting up the sails while we have rough seas,” said 15-year-old Olivia Wilcox.
The teenagers stopped on land in Massachusetts. They didn’t make it to their original destination（目的地）in Maine, where they were supposed to have a celebratory dinner, due to the weather and winds. They said they weren’t disappointed, however, as they’d learned a lot. “They learned about boating, and above all, they built confidence and character,” said Noakes.
8. What was special about the Sea Cadet trip this year?
A. It was the longest sailing trip ever.
B. It was the first all-female-crew sailing trip.
C. It was the most dangerous sailing trip ever.
D. It was the first sailing trip for teenagers.
9. What happened on the crew’s first day of the trip?
A. They all felt sick on the boat.
B. Some of them were hurt.
C. Their boat was out of control.
D. They went into open water by mistake.
10. Which of the following best describes these young sailors?
A. Strong-minded and having a strong sense of teamwork.
B. Hard-working and having great leadership skills.
C. Understanding and creative.
D. Adventurous and skillful.
11. According to Noakes, what was the sailors’ greatest benefit from the trip?
A. They knew the sea better.
B. They made many friends.
C. They got excellent sailing skills.
D. They developed good personalities.
D
If you believe in thermometers (温度计), you should believe in global warming. And if you believe in eating
French fries with your hamburger, you should worry more about carbonemission.
It won't happen overnight, but as the planet’s climate changes, the growth cycles of main crops will all be heavily affected. Here are three of the crops that might not beat the heat.
The potato actually needs a great deal of beauty rest to develop properly. “They need a cool nighttime temperature in order to start growing the tuber, the part that we eat,” Nelson says.
Temperature and altitude are two primary concerns in coffee growth, and farmers are stuck between a rock and a hard place. “We know that coffee grows in a certain temperature range,” Nelson says. “They've been moving up the mountains, but at some point you run out of mountains to move up.” Higher-grade strains of Arabica coffee in Central American regions are at particular risk due to the need for lower growing temperature, especially since diseases and pests are also becoming more of a factor as temperatures rise.
Even if you're looking at the direct effects of temperature alone, rice is in trouble. “As nighttime temperatures go up, the rice is going to have a problem flowering and won't make as many seeds,” Nelson says. In addition to this direct heat consequence, rising sea levels will flood many rice paddies and destroy water salinity levels, while droughts will lower production, raise prices, and further shame westerners who are clumsy with chopsticks to be able to clear their plates once a new grain is adopted.
12. What is the closest meaning to the underlined word “emission” in Paragraph 1?
A. Mixture.
B. Pollution.
C. Giving off.
D. Going down.
13. What does the potatoes' development need according to Nelson?
A. Cool temperature at night.
B. Sudden rise of the temperature.
C. Enough water and salt.
D. Much sunshine and fresh air.
14. The rice is difficult to flower,probably because ________.
A. sea levels go up suddenly
B. many seeds can't be produced
C. the temperature rises at night
D. both temperature and altitude rise
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. How Does Global Warming Affect Westerners
B. How Does the Cool Temperature Affect Rice
C. What Is the Real Reason For Crops’ Growth
D. Three Crops That Won't Survive Climate Changes
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Sleep to Lose Weight
A recent study foundthat people who sleep less tend to be fat. Experts said it’s time to find out if more sleep can fight obesity.
Nowadays the most popular method to keep fit is doing more exercise and eating less. Some people even take weight-loss drugs to keep slim, which is unhealthy and harmful to your body. “___16___As a result, we’ve failed to recognize the value of good sleep,” said a physician.
Men sleep an average of 27 minutes less than women, and overweight and fat patients sleep less than patients with normal weights. In general, fat people just sleep about 1.8 hours less a week than those with normal weights.___17___Only an extra 20 minutes of sleep per night contributes to a lower BODY MASS INDEX (身体质量指数).
We caution that this study does not establish a cause-and-effect relationship between limited sleep and fatness. However, investigations of successful weight loss by sleeping more help prove such a connection.___18___
Here are some other advantages of sleeping more
•___19___
This isn’t just for children. Adults who get enough sleep also do better on tests of short-term memory.
• Better mood.
After getting enough sleep, you will find yourself feeling happy and delighted.
• Lower stress.
___20___With that people can better control their blood pressure.
A. Sleep can definitely reduce levels of stress.
B. You will be energized.
C. You’ll learn better.
D. Therefore, let’s stay thin by sleeping more.
E. The study is intended to offer a healthy way to help people sleep longer.
F. The experts suggest that too much extension of sleep time not be necessary.
G. We’ve put so much emphasis on diet and exercise.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I spent many years doing things seemingly “important” to me. I was told that college is great and that all that___21___in life is to get a good job, a partner... These___22___, just like for many of you, were so___23___fixed in my mind from childhood.
During one of my summer holidays, I finally realized my___24___. I already studied for a couple of years, and I spent almost no time___25___what I would actually want. I studied throughout weekdays and did things___26___me nowhere at weekends.
The last year of my studies was___27___. Something was bound to change in difficulty. I had already begun ___28___going to the gym to make the___29___that I was after. Doing physical exercise, I can not only___30___my body, get rid of stress, but most importantly, I can___31___my willpower. By having decided to go to the gym 3 times a week, I was already making___32___changes in life.
Taking care of my body also___33___me to look after what I was___34___. I no longer ate fatty and sugary food. To my___35___, I wasn’t leading a bad lifestyle anymore. So I was becoming___36___. The best part about it was that I didn’t even have to try hard, so I enjoyed the___37___! It might be a paradox(矛盾) to some, but I feel more___38___by doing intense(剧烈的) exercise.___39___, exercise keeps me cheerful and I realizeone’s___40___begins, with physical health.
21. A. succeeds B. appears C. counts D. functions
22. A. thoughts B. comments C. introductions D. decisions
23. A. quickly B. quietly C. easily D. heavily
24. A. unconcern B. passivity C. doubt D. uncertainty
25. A. giving away B. looking at C. worrying about D. putting up
26. A. throwing B. catching C. taking D. pulling
27. A. meaningful B. light C. ordinary D. tough
28. A. suddenly B. occasionally C. actively D. practically
29. A. transformation B. connection C. explanation D. determination
30. A. operate B. strengthen C. adjust D. support
31. A. consider B. realize C. share D. improve
32. A. significant B. sensitive C. common D. natural
33. A. persuaded B. forced C. motivated D. intended
34. A. seeking B. consuming C. experiencing D. approaching
35. A. annoyance B. disappointment C. confusion D. amazement
36. A. healthy B. independent C. competent D. mature
37. A. result B. benefit C. process D. freedom
38. A. energized B. excited C. satisfied D. stressed
39. A. By chance B. In addition C. By contrast D. In short
40. A. career B. dream C. possession D. happiness
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Faraday was the___41.___(invent) of the electric generator and electric monitor. Faraday’s father suffered from long-time health problems, as a result of___42.___, his family had little money to afford his formal schooling. But he was curious and determined to learn.
While___43.___(work) inLondonas a teenager, he had a chance to read various books that he could get his hands on. In 1812, he attended four lectures at the Royal Institution given by a famous chemist named Humphrey Davy. A year later, Faraday, together with another boy,___44.___(choose) as Davy’s lab assistants. Davy also took Faraday on an 18-month tour ofEurope,___45.___Faraday met some of the most famous scientific education.
When Davy retired in 1827, Faraday took his place as the head of the chemistry department of the Royal institute. Upon___46.___(accept) the position, he soon began to do experiments with electricity. In 1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction. And for the next eight years Faraday worked long hours in the lab, which did harm___47.___his health. By the end of the decade he was in such poor health___48.___his research did not begin again until 1845. In the mid-1850s, Faraday gradually lost the ability___49.___(take) care of himself and he_____50._____( force) to retire.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（△），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分
Thank you for your letter, that really made me happy. I’m glad know that you’ve come to China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. I’m surely you’ll have a good time. Actually, I begin to learn kung fu when I was seven
years old, for I have long been out of practice. Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day. Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you sooner.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，你的英国朋友David是你校的一名交换生，六一儿童节期间他准备参加当地帮助残疾儿童的志愿者活动，他想给一些残疾儿童送一些礼物，发来邮件询问什么礼物合适。

请你根据下列要点回复，并表示感激。

1.感谢他尽己所能去帮助残疾儿童；
2.说明自己决定和他一起去；
3.建议送些水果或儿童书籍等，并说明理由。

注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________
参考答案
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. D
8. B 9. A 10. A 11. D
12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D
16. G 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. A
21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32.
A 33. C 34.
B 35. D 36. A 37.
C 38. A 39. B 40. D
41. inventor
42. which 43. working
44. was chosen
45. where 46. accepting
47. to 48. that
49. to take
50. was forced
51.(1).that→which (2). glad后加to (3). surely→sure (4).begin→began (5). for→but/yet (6). vacations→vacation (7). such→so (8).删去on (9). yours→your/you (10). sooner→soon
52.略。