各类从句讲义

各类从句讲义

1. 定语从句

易错题：

(1). It is from the school ______ we graduated.

It is the school ________ we graduated.

A. where

B. that

(2).* Is this factory __________ your father works?

* Is this the factory ___________ your father works?

A. where

B. which

C. that

D. the one

(3) I will tell you __________ the teacher told me yesterday.

A. all which

B. all what

C. that all

D. all

(4) *He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.

A. which I think is

B. which I think it is

C. which I think it

D. I think which is

*The young girl __________ we all thought should have been elected president of the class.

*The young girl __________ we all thought should have been elected president of the class is my best friend.

A. whom

B. who

C. they

D. which

(5) I’d like to buy the same dress __________ she wears today.

* You have to go back the same way __________ you came.

A. that

B.which

C. /

D. as

*I have never heard such stories __________ you told me.

*I have never heard such stories __________ I am deeply move by it.

A. that

B. which

C. about which

D. as

(6) *Teachers should create an environment ______ children are taught how to solve problems of

learning by themselves.

*There are cases _____ speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ.

*We have to consider what to do in situations ______ there are many people involved.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. when

2. 名词性从句

1). 同位语从句（在名词后）

由that & wh-引导，位于名词后面，对前面news, fact, truth, idea, belief, decision, promise, order, suggestion, answer, hope, conclusion, report, truth, proposal, ect.的说明解释

A. that 引导

The fact that his health is failing is not true.

We heard the news that Shanghai could host the 2010th world expo.

I don't doubt the report that there were thousands of people who had SARS.

I made a promise that ___________.

B. wh-引导

I have no idea how they were able to get it done in so short a time.

Have you any idea where they are having a rehearsal?

The problem where I can get enough money to buy a computer hasn't been solved.

I have no idea_____________.

Notice:

(1) 从句只是对前面名词的说明

(2）与定语从句的区别

*I believed the fact that he was honest.

I believed the fact (that) he thought to be true.

*we gave the order that his house should be pulled down.

The order (that) the soldier had received came from the general.

◆定语从句中名词充当成分；同位语从句中不充当成分

◆定语从句中连接代词可以省略；同位语从句中连接代词不可以省略

◆同位语从句中遇到order, requirement, suggestion, advice等词，要用虚拟语气

You have to take my advice that you should read newspaper one hour a day.

◆同位语从句离所修饰的名词可能较远

Word came that the team beat the opponent.

A good idea occurred to me that we can hold a fare-well party for her.

*请区分定语从句和同位语从句

(1) He made a promise that he would spend more time with his daughter.

(2). He made a promise that he wouldn’t be able to keep.

2) 宾语从句(在动词和介词后)

可以由that, whether, if, wh-特殊疑问代词引导

He told me that he would leave for Beijing next week.

He asked me whether /if it was a long way form here to the post office.

I want to know what is the most famous in Shanghai.

◆We found it necessary that we practise speaking English every day.

It充当形式宾语，that 引导宾语从句，是真正的宾语。

◆what/whatever 无范围，which/whichever 有范围

We have plenty of books here. You may take whichever you like.