TEM4 2008
专四作文评分标准
Section A:Composition (15%)能根据所给的作文题目、提纲或图表、数据等,写一篇200个单词左右的作文。
能做到内容切题、完整,条理清楚,结构严谨,语法正确,语言通顺,表达得体。
考试时间35分钟。
Section B: Note-writing (10%)能根据所给提示写50至60个单词的便条、通知、请帖等。
能做到格式正确,语言得体。
考试时间为10分钟Section A: Composition评分标准:14分:切题。
表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性较好,基本无语言错误。
11分:切题。
表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。
8分:基本切题。
表达思想比较清楚,文字上连贯,但语言错误较多,其中有少量严重错误。
5分:基本切题。
表达思想不够清楚,文字连贯性差,有较严重的语言错误。
2分:条理不清,思想紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多为严重错误。
交白卷者或作文与题目毫不相关,则以零分计算。
注:1.如题目中给出主题句、起始句、结束句,均不得计入所写字数。
2. 对于规定三段的作文,只写一段者:0—4分;只写两段者:0—9 分。
3. 按规定,考生作文若为0分,考试均作不及格处理;若作文分高于0分,低于6分,要在总分中减去实得作文分与6分之间的差额部分。
注:字数不足应酌情扣分。
*累计字数在150-170之间,扣1分。
*累计字数在130-150之间,扣2分。
*累计字数在110-130之间,扣3分。
*累计字数在90-110之间,扣4分。
*累计字数在90个以下,最多给5分。
作文命题英语专业四级命题作文的出题范围是根据考生的知识结构、年龄特点和文化背景而确定的,不外乎校园生活、社会生活等日常话题,不涉及知识面过广、专业性太强的内容校园话题:My Idea of a University Arts Festival (2005)Travel Broadens the Mind? (2001)The Importance of Extracurricular Activities (2000)社会话题1.社会生活The Benefits of Volunteering (2008)Saving Money or Spending T omorrow’s Money (2006)2. 环境与健康The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood (2003)The Best Way to Stay Healthy (2002)3. 科技与校园Is It Wise to Make Friends on the Internet? (2007)Will Phones Kill Letter Writing? (2004)A Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising onTelevision (1999)Section B: Note-writing根据《大纲》,便条的满分为10分,评分主要参照作文格式、内容、语言以及语言得体性四方面进行评分。
状语从句专四历年真题试卷.doc
三、主从复合句和某些连接用语的用法1. We could go to a concert _____ you’d prefer to visit a museum. (TEM4-1992-49) CA. ifB. becauseC. unlessD. since2. _____ their policy can be changed the future for that countrywill be indeed bleak. (TEM4-1993-46) BA. Even ifB. UnlessC. Now thatD. As longas3. She said she would work it out herself _____ ask me for help. (TEM4-1993-47) DA. and not toB. but notC. and prefer notD. rather than4. David Singer, my friend’ s father,r aised and educatedin New York, lived and lectured in Africa most of his life.A. whoB. ifC. whileD. though5._____ I was very much mistaken, there wasomething wrong with Louise. (TEM4-1995-58) AA. UnlessB. AsC. ThoughD. Since6.You won ’ t get a loan _____you can offer some security. (TEM4-1996-41) CA. lestB. in caseC. unlessD. other than7.The brilliance of his satires was make even his victims laugh. (TEM4-1996-52) B such as to那 (或这 )样⋯以致，到如此程度以致，像这个样子因而D.A. so as toB. such as toC. so thatsuch that8. _____, he is ready to accept suggestions from different sources. (TEM4-1997-46) BA. Instead of his contributionsB. For all his notable contributionsC. His making notable contributionsD. However his notable contributions9. Come and see me whenever . (TEM4-1997-48) C时间状语从句必须遵循一个原则：当主句是祈使句或will/shall 将来时的时候，从句用一般现在时态。
2008年6月大学英语四级考试真题答案与精解
2008年6月大学英语四级考试真题答案与精解2008年6月大学英语四级考试真题答案与精解（试卷A）PartⅠ Writing范文：Abundant recreational activities are available for people to release their strain and stress， ranging from sports to online activities。
There is going on a hot debate arguing whether they are good for the public or not， especially for college students。
As for such a question， different people hold different views。
Some believe that recreation is helpful if we want to keep healthy physically and mentally。
While there also sounds an opposite voice， which claims that activities also bring many problems。
For example， some young people are easily addicted to the virtual world online， which affects their study seriously and may lead to worse consequences as well。
As for me， I hold a belief that recreational activities do more good than harm。
They do give us a good chance， and efficiency too。
TEM4-writing+ 2008年范文the benefits of volunteering+模拟作文
The Benefits of Volunteering
Volunteering has grown into a fashion these years, with volunteers ranging from college students to white collar workers. It is reported now China has 4.5 million registered volunteers having provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. Why would so many people like to do volunteer work? Are there any benefits of volunteering?
The benefits of volunteering
• • • • • • • • earn or develop skills ['rezju:mei] Teach your skills to简历，履历 others Enhance your résumé Gain work experience Build self-esteem and self-confidence Meet new people Feel needed and valued Communicate to others that you are ambitious, enthusiastic and care about the community • Make a difference in someone’s life
Main Body
• Proverbs
《英语四级考试》课程教学大纲
《英语四级考试》课程教学⼤纲《英语四级考试》课程教学⼤纲⼀、教师或教学团队信息⼆、课程基本信息课程名称（中⽂）：英语四级考试课程名称（英⽂）：Language Test for English Majors 4课程类别：□通识必修课□通识选修课□专业必修课专业⽅向课□专业拓展课□实践性环节课程性质*：□学术知识性⽅法技能性□研究探索性□实践体验性课程代码：周学时：2 总学时：46 学分: 3先修课程：综合英语英语语法授课对象：⼆年级英语师范专业和英语专业三、课程简介本课程为英语专业⼆年级专业⽅向课，旨在全⾯培养和提⾼学⽣完成英语专业四级全真考试的答题能⼒，检验学⽣是否达到教学⼤纲所规定的各项要求，提⾼学⽣运⽤各项基本语⾔技能的能⼒以及检验学⽣对语法结构和词语⽤法的掌握程度。
专四考试含有写作及听写部分为主观试题，其余部分为多项选择题形式，考试旨在较好地测试学⽣灵活运⽤语⾔的能⼒。
本课程以历年全真题集和模拟试题集为主要教学资料，对学⽣进⾏听写、听⼒填空、听⼒、完型、语法与词汇、阅读和作⽂能⼒的培养和训练，使学⽣能顺利通过全国英语专业四级考试。
四、课程⽬标（⼀）听写：要求学⽣在全⾯理解内容的基础上逐字逐句写出全篇短⽂，拼写和标点符号正确⽆误。
（⼆）听⼒：要求学⽣能听懂英语国家⼈⼠关于⽇常⽣活、社会⽣活的交谈，能理解听⼒的中⼼⼤意，抓住主要论点或情节，能根据所听材料进⾏推理和分析。
（三）完型：要求学⽣在全⾯理解所给短⽂内容的基础上选择⼀个最佳答案使短⽂的意思和结构恢复完整。
（四）语法与词汇：要求学⽣能灵活正确运⽤教学⼤纲语法结构表⼀级⾄四级的全部内容；要求学⽣熟练掌握教学⼤纲词汇表对⼀级⾄四级规定的5000--6000个认识词汇中的2000--2500个词汇及其基本的词组搭配。
（五）阅读：要求学⽣能读懂英美国家出版的中等难度的⽂章和材料，掌握所读材料的主旨和⼤意；了解说明主旨和⼤意的事实和细节；既理解字⾯的意思，也能根据所读材料进⾏⼀定的判断和推论，既理解个别句⼦的意义,也理解上下⽂的逻辑关系并且根据要求回答问题。
TEM4 Dictation标准答案及评分标准
Salmon1.Every year(,) millions of salmon swim form the ocean /2.into the mouths of rivers and then steadily up the rivers. /3.Passing through waters, around rocks and waterfalls, /4.the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes. /5.They dig out nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. /6.Then(,) exhausted by their journey, the parent salmon die. /7.They have finished the task that nature has given them. /8.Months or years later(, )the young fish start their trip to the ocean. /9.They live in the salt water from two to seven years(,) /10.until they, too, are ready to swim back to reproduce. /11.Their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food—fish. /12.When the adult salmon gather at the river mouths for the annual trip up the rivers, /13.they are in the best possible condition, /14.and nearly every harbo(u)r has its salmon fishing fleet /15.ready to catch thousands for markets. /TEM4 2003 Dictation评分标准1.听写共分15小节；每节1分，每节最多扣1分。
[专业四八级]专四
![[专业四八级]专四](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/e2045ad5763231126fdb11a2.png)
whimper (say sth. in an unhappy or frightened way)
snap (say sth. quickly in an angry or annoyed way)
respond
inquire
yell
explain
cry
shout
reply
wonder
murmur
▪ run + after, down (up) on, out of, away,
forward, over, away with, into, to, back, on, up, down, out, up to (III, workbook, p.139)
▪ take + after, back, down, for, in, off, on,
________with rage. ▪ a. quiet b. silent ▪ c. mute d. speechless
例词 rotund----having a fat round body (euph or joc) corpulent ----excessively fat (fml esp euph) plump ---- slightly fat （lady / baby / face） ̴chubby ----slightly fat; round and plump (cheeks / child obese ----very fat (fml or medical) overweight
2、搭配判断
▪ 这类题目中的备选答案词义相近甚至相同， 但是与它们搭配的词不同，这时必须仔细 研究题干，特别是空格前后的词，然后做 出合适的选择。
2008年6月英语四级真题及答案
2008年6月英语四级真题及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Recreational ActivitiesDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Apology according to the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性3.作为大学生，我的看法。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus on attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home, Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision in an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication. But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television’s influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. the Golf Channel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This had also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.NewspapersAfter television, the medium attracting the next largest annual as revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually. It has increased its national circulation(发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in 168 cities. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer, more detailed message to their audience than they can through television. Given new production techniques, advertisements can be printed in about 48 hours, meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the message out. Newspapers are often the most important form of newsfor a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local readers.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow. Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor bill-boards (广告牌) and the Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeat their ads often. Internet companies are also turning to radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day. Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market. Magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous. If you read Sports Illustrated, for example, you have such in common with the magazine’s other readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertisers using the print media—magazines and newspapers—will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the Internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers. These audiences will be more diverse and geographically dispersed(分散) than in the past. Second, advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising, also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective. Technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past. Using the digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market. As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations’ advertising in the near future. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the inline medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client’s message. Direct mail includes newsletters, postcards, and special promotion. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers. For many businesses, direct mail is the most effective form of advertising.1. Television is an attractive advertising medium in that ________.A) it has large audiencesB) it appeals to housewivesC) it helps build up a company’s reputationD) it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TV channels, ________.A) the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB) the number of TV viewers has increasedC) advertisers’ interest in other media has decreasedD) the number of TV ads people can see has increased3. Compare with television, newspapers as an advertising medium _______.A) earn a larger annual ad revenueB) convey more detailed messagesC) use more production techniquesD) get messages out more effectively4. Advertising on radio continues to grow because _______.A) more local radio stations have been set upB) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) it provides easy access to consumersD) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio5. Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to _______.A) reach target audiencesB) appeal to educated peopleC) attract diverse audiencesD) convey all kinds of messages6. Out-of-home advertising has become more effective because _______.A) billboards can be replaced within two hoursB) consumers travel more now than ever beforeC) such ads have been made much more attractiveD) the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are ________.A) quick to updateB) pleasant to look atC) easy to rememberD) convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences that tend to be _______.9. Direct mail is an effective form of advertising for business to develop ________.10. This passage discusses how advertisers select ________ for advertisements.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A11. A) Given his ankle a good rest.B) Treat his injury immediately.C) Continue his regular activities.D) Be careful when climbing steps.12. A) On a train.B) On a plane.C) In a theater.D) In a restaurant.13. A) A tragic accident.B) A sad occasion.C) Smith’s unusual life story.D) Smith’s sleeping problem.14. A) Review the detail of all her lessons.B) Compare notes with his classmates.C) Talk with her about his learning problems.D) Focus in the main points of her lectures.15. A) The man blamed the woman for being careless. B) The man misunderstood the woman’s apology.C) The woman offered to pay for the man’s coffee. D) The woman spilt coffee on the man’s jacket.16. A) Extremely tedious.B) Hard to understand.C) Lacking a good plot.D) Not worth seeing twice.17. A) Attending every lecture.B) Doing lots of homework.C) Reading very extensively.D) Using test-taking strategies.18. A) The digital TV system will offer different programs. B) He is eager to see what the new system is like.C) He thinks it unrealistic to have 500 channels. D) The new TV system may not provide anything better.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) A notice by the electricity board.B) Ads promoting electric appliances.C) The description of a thief in disguise.D) A new policy on pensioners’ welfare.20. A) Speaking with a proper accent.B) Wearing an official uniform.C) Making friends with them.D) Showing them his ID.21. A) To be on the alert when being followed.B) Not to leave senior citizens alone at home.C) Not to let anyone in without an appointment.D) To watch out for those from the electricity board.22. A) She was robbed near the parking lot.B) All her money in the bank disappeared.C) The pension she had just drawn was stolen.D) She was knocked down in the post office.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Marketing consultancy.B) Professional accountancy.C) Luxury hotel management.D) Business conference organization.24. A) Having a good knowledge of its customs.B) Knowing some key people in tourism.C) Having been to the country before.D) Being able to speak Japanese.25. A) It will bring her potential into full play.B) It will involve lots of train travel.C) It will enable her to improve her Chinese.D) It will give her more chances to visit Japan.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the conversation you have just heard.26. A) The lack of time.B) The quality of life.C) The frustrations at work.D) The pressure on working families.27. A) They were just as busy as people of today.B) They saw the importance of collective efforts.C) They didn’t complain as much as modern man.D) They lived a hard life by hunting and gathering.28. A) To look for creative ideas of awarding employees.B) To explore strategies for lowering production costs.C) To seek new approaches to dealing with complaints.D) To find effective ways to give employees flexibility.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the conversation you have just heard.29. A) Family violence.B) The Great Depression.C) Her father’s disloyalty.D) Her mother’s bad temper.30. A) His advanced age.B) His children’s efforts.C) His improved financial condition.D) His second wife’s positive influence.31. A) Love is blind.B) Love breeds love.C) Divorce often has disastrous consequences.D) Happiness is hard to find in blended families.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the conversation you have just heard.32. A) It was located in a park.B) Its owner died of a heart attack.C) It went bankrupt all of a sudden.D) Its potted plants were for lease only.33. A) Planting some trees in the greenhouse.B) Writing a want ad to a local newspaper.C) Putting up a Going Out of Business sign.D) Helping a customer select some purchases.34. A) Opening an office in the new office park.B) Keeping better relations with her company.C) Developing fresh business opportunities.D) Building a big greenhouse of his own.35. A) Owning the greenhouse one day.B) Securing a job at the office park.C) Cultivating more potted plants.D) Finding customers out of town.Section CWe’re now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economy based on information and knowledge. Physical (36) ________, raw materials, and capital are no longer thekey (37) ________ in the creation of wealth. Now, the (38) _______ raw material in our economy is knowledge. Tomorrow’s wealth depends on the development and exchange of knowledge. And (39) _______ entering the workforce offer their knowledge, not their muscles. Knowledge workers get paid for their education and their ability to learn. Knowledge workers (40) ________ in mind work. They deal with symbols: (41) ________, and data.What does all this mean for you? As a future knowledge worker, you can expect to be (42) ________, processing, as well as exchanging information, (43) _______, three out of hour jobs involve some form of mind work, and that number will increase sharply in the future. Management and employees alike (44)_______________________________________________________________________.In the new world of work, you can look forward to being in constant training (45) _______________________________________________________________. And don’t wait for someone to “empower” you. You have to empower yourself.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ASome years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly _47_ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was _48_ to a little college French.I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, _49_ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up _50_ and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable _51_ I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought can through my mind: you can learn if you don’t try. So I accepted the assignment.There were some bad _52_. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guiders or even _53_ bookings, confident that somehow I will manage.The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition _54_. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you.I’ve learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a _55_. And I know I’ll go on doing such things. It’s not because I’m braver or more daring than others. I’m not. But I’ll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can _56_ wonders.A) accomplishB) advancedC) balloonD) claimE) constantlyF) declareG) interviewsH)limitedI) manufactureJ) momentsK) newsL) reducedM) regretN) scaryO) totallySection BPassage OneGlobal warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but regardless of whether it is or isn’t –we won’t do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely they are to be observed.Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth,” as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don’t know enough to relieve global warming, and –without major technological breakthroughs—we can’t do much about it.From 2003 to 2050, the world’s population is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly, CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050. but that’s too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need economic growth unless we condemn the world’s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else’s living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they’re “doing something.” Consider the Kyoto Protocol(京都议定书). It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn’t. But it hasn’t reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories (签字国) didn’t adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it.The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it’s really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we don’t solve the engineering problem, we’re helpless.57. What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?A) It may not prove an environmental crisis at all.B) It is an issue requiring world wide commitments.C) Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it.D) Very little will be done to bring it under control.58. According to the author’s understanding, what is Al Gore’s view on global warming?A) It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of.B) It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.C) It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.D) It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.59. Green house emissions will more than double by 2050 because of _______.A) economic growthB) the widening gap between the rich and poorC) wasteful use of energyD) the rapid advances of science and technology60. The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, ________.A) politicians have started to do something to better the situationB) few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy useC) reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warmingD) international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems61. What is the message the author intends to convey?A) Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one.B) The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technologyC) The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs.D) People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming. Passage TwoSomeday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the Websites you’ve visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchase or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact, it’s likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen — the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked.Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it’s important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs(碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simple cannot keep a secret.The key question is: Does that matter?When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me.”But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (优惠券).But privacy does matter – at least sometimes. It’s like health: When you have it, you don’t notice it. Only when it’s gone do you wish you’d done more to protect it.62. What does the author mean by saying “the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked ”(Lines 3-4, Para.2)?A) People’s personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.B) In the 21st century people try every means to look into others’ secrets.C) People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.D) Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.63. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?A) Friends should open their hearts to each other.B) Friends should always be faithful to each other.C) There should be a distance even between friends.D) There should be fewer disputes between friends.64. Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simple cannot keep asecret” (Line 5, Para.3)?A) Modern society has finally evolved into an open society.B) People leave traces around when using modern technology.C) There are always people who are curious about others’ affairs.D) Many search engines profit by revealing people’s identities.65. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?A) They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.B) They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.C) They rely more and more on electronic devices.D) They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.66. According to the passage, privacy is like health in that ________.A) people will make every effort to keep itB) its importance is rarely understoodC) it is something that can easily be lostD) people don’t cherish it until they lose itPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Universities are institution that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed _67_ extending man’s knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions _68_from university to university, according to the views of the people in _69_ and according to the resources available. The smaller and newer universities do not _70_ the staff or equipment to carry out the _71_research projects possible in larger institutions. _72_ most experts agree that some research activity is _73_ to keep the staff and their students in _74_ with the latest developments in their subjects.Most students attend a university mainly to _75_the knowledge needed for their chosen _76_. Educationists believe that this aim should not be the _77_ one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women _78_ judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. For this reason, they _79_ students to meet others with differing _80_and to read widely to _81_their understanding in many fields of study. _82_ a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own_83_. He should be prepared to _84_sacrifices to study his chosen _85_ in depth. He should have an ambition to make some 86 contribution to man’s knowledge.67. A) at B) by C) toD) in68.A) turnsB) rangesC) movesD) varies69.A) prospectB) placeC) controlD) favor70.A) occupyB) possessC) involveD) spare71.A) maximumB) mediumC) virtualD) vast72.A) But B) As C) While73.A) natural B) essential C) functionalD) optional74.A) coordination B) accordance C) touch D) grasp75.A) acquire B) accept C) endure D) ensure76.A) procession B) profession C) possession D) preference77.A) typical B) true C) mere D) only78.A) with B) under C) on D) through79.A) prompt B) provoke C) encourage D) anticipate80.A) histories B) expressions C) interests D) curiosities81.A) broaden B) lengthen C) enforceD) specify82.A) Amid B) After C) Over D) Upon83.A) object B) course C) effect D) sake84.A) take B) make C) suffer D) pay85.A) field B) scope C) target D) goal86.A) radical B) truthfu l C) meaningful D) initPart VI Translation (5 minutes)87. Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research ___________________(能应用于新技术的开发)。
TEM4(完形填空)
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
1. A. Times B. Ages C. Periods D. Era 2. A. on B. along C. in D. at 3. A. but B. only C. just D. besides 4. A. serve B. service C. provide D. offer 5. A. allowed B. forbid C. denied D. forbidden 6. A as well as B. but C. however D. furthermore 7. A. considerate B. substantial C. concrete D. staple 8. A. appeared B. came by C disappeared D. zoomed in
• Although interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development into a specialized field is really quite recent. Interior designers have become important partly B because of the many functions that might be (1) ____ in a single large building. • A. consisted B. contained • C. composed D. comprised
• 14. A. Therefore B. Thereof C. Thereby D. However • 15. A. completed B. fulfilled C. finished D. carried out • 16. A. defined B. confined • C. refined D. profiled • 17. A. imagined B. imaginable C. imaginative D. imaging • 18. A. faulted B. faultful C. faultily D. faultless • 19. A. For B. With • C. As D. Since • 20. A. art B. work • C. part D. learning
2008专四真题
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2008) Questions 1 to 31. When is Anne available for the meeting?A. The third week of May.B. The third week of June.C. The eleventh of June.D. The eleventh of May.2. Their meeting will probably take place in________.A. London.B. Toronto.C. Mexico City.D. Chicago.3. When is Eric calling back?A. Thursday afternoon.B. Friday afternoon.C. Thursday morning.D. Friday morning.Questions 4 to 64. According to the woman, advertisements________.A. let us know the best productB. give us sufficient informationC. fail to convince peopleD. give misleading information5. In the woman's opinion, money spent onadvertisements is paid ________.A. by manufacturersB. by customersC. by advertisersD. by all of them6. Which of the following statements isINCORRECT?A. The woman seems to be negative aboutadvertising.B. The woman appears to know more aboutadvertising.C. The man is to be present at a debate onadvertising.D. The man has a lot to talk about onadvertising.Questions 7 to 107. Mr. Brown brought with him only a few thingsbecause ________.A. there wasn't enough space in the cupboardB. the hospital would provide him witheverythingC. he was to stay there for a very short timeD. visitors could bring him other things8. According to the hospital rules, at which of thefollowing hours can visitors see patients?A. 2:00 pmB. 5:00 pmC. 7:00 pmD. 6:00 pm9. Which of the following statements isINCORRECT?A. Patients have breakfast at 8.B. Patients have lunch at 12.C. There are special alcohol lounges.D. There are special smoking lounges.10. Which statement best describes Mr. Brown?A. He knows little about hospital rules.B. He can keep alcohol in the ward.C. He knows when to smoke.D. He is used to hospital life.SECTION B PASSAGESQuestions 11 to 1311. Meeting rooms of various sizes are needed for________.A. contacts with headquartersB. relaxation and enjoymentC. informal talksD. different purposes12. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in thepassage as part of hotel facilities for guests?A. Restaurants.B. Cinemas.C. Swimming pools.D. Bars.13. A hotel for an international conference shouldhave the following EXCEPTA. convenient transport servicesB. competent office secretariesC. good sports and restaurant facilitiesD. suitable and comfortable rooms Questions 14 to 1714. The museum aims mainly to display ________.A. the area's technological developmentB. the nation's important historical eventsC. the area's agricultural and industrialdevelopmentD. the nation's agricultural and industrialdevelopment15. The following have been significant in the area'sprosperity EXCEPTA. the motorwaysB. the Roman roadC. the canalsD. the railways16. We know from the passage that some exhibits________.A. are borrowed from workshopsB. are specially made for displayC. reflect the local culture and customsD. try to reproduce the scene at that time17. The passage probably comes from ________.A. a conversation on the museumB. a museum tour guideC. a museum bookletD. a museum advertisementQuestions 18 to 2018. According to the speaker, safety in dormitorymeans that you ________.A. insure all your expensive thingsB. lock doors when going outC. lock windows at nightD. take all necessary precautions19. What does the speaker suggest girls do whenthey are going to be out late?A. Call their friends.B. Stay with their friends.C. Avoid walking in streets.D. Always take a taxi.20. What is the speaker's last advice?A. To take a few self-defense classes.B. To stick to well-lit streets at night.C. To avoid walking alone at night.D. To stay with their friends.SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Questions 21 and 2221. What happened during the New Yearcelebration in Thailand?A. Terrorists fought with Government troops.B. Thai troops killed terrorists.C. There were shootings.D. There were explosions.22. What has led to the violent situation in thesouth of Thailand?A. The Muslims wanted independence.B. Thai troops have been sent there.C. About 2000 people have been killed.D. There have been more bombings since 2004. Questions 23 and 2423. Under the national oil law, the Iraqi government________.A. will give more oil revenues to only a fewprovincesB. will let provinces distribute their oil revenuesC. will distribute oil revenues according topopulation sizeD. will distribute oil revenues according tosecurity needs24. The construction package is meant to________.A. help build more housesB. help improve the country's economyC. help more children to go to schoolD. help more young people to get education Questions 25 and 2625. The joint committee will promote co-operationbetween Egypt and Spain in all the following areas EXCEPTA. educationB. industryC. investmentD. technology26. What is this news item mainly about?A. The establishment of a joint committee.B. The trade relations between Egypt and Spain.C. The future trade volume between Egypt andSpain.D. The establishment of a joint business council. Question 2727. According to the news, Japanese teenagewomen ________.A. are less violent than menB. are less violent than beforeC. are more violent than beforeD. are more violent than menQuestion 2828. Which of the following statements is CORRECTaccording to the news?A. Zimbabweans stayed away from voting.B. Zimbabweans were enthusiastic aboutvoting.C. Only a few Zimbabweans turned up to vote.D. Zimbabweans believed that Mugabe wouldwin.Questions 29 and 3029. The news mentioned ________ reason (s) forthe action taken by Indian telecom workers.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 430. According to the news, who among thefollowing were NOT affected by telecom workers' action?A. Banks.B. Big companies.C. Long-distance callers.D. Government officials.PART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange 31to use as money, 32in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an 33necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their 34, were used as money in some countries until recent 35, and cakes of salt 36buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Sea shells 37as money at some time 38another over the greater part of the Old World. These were 39mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the 40from East to West.Metal, valued by weight, 41coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries 42paper money. It can either be exchanged 43goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, 44in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The 45of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old-older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.Nowadays, coins and notes have 46 nearly all the more picturesque 47of money, and 48in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial 49such as weddings and funerals, examples of 50money will soon be found only in museums.31. A. object B. article C. substance D.category32. A. butB. andC. soD. even33. A. abstractB. advantageousC. abundantD. absolute34. A. weightB. valueC. roleD. size35. A. timesB. eventsC. situationsD. conditions36. A. evenB. alsoC. stillD. never37. A. had been usedB. are usedC. would be usedD. would have been used38. A. andB. butC. yetD. or39. A. collectedB. producedC. grownD. raised40. A. cityB. districtC. communibD. continent41. A. processedB. producedC. precededD. proceeded42. A. in spite ofB. instead ofC. along withD. in line with43. A. againstB. asC. inD. for44. A. oftenB. seldomC. reallyD. much45. A. earlierB. earliestC. betterD. best46. A. replacedB. reproducedC. reflectedD. recovered47. A. sizesB. shapesC. formatsD. forms48. A. whileB. althoughC. becauseD. if49. A. eventsB. gatheringsC. occasionsD. assemblies50. A. originalB. primitiveC. historicalD. crudePART IV GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY (15 MIN) 51. Our association, which has consistently pressedfor greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish ________ proposals in the near future.A. theirB. ourC. hisD. its52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam,she ________ much better results now.A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get53. Nine is to three ________ three is to one.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what54. Men differ from animals ________ they canthink and speak.A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which55. ________ he wanted to go out with his friendsat the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment.A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Though much56. I enjoyed myself so much ________ I visited myfriends in Paris last year.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where57. Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures were boring.C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.B. Half his money was gone.D. He invited many his friends to the party.58. When you have finished with that book, don'tforget to put it back on my desk, ________?A. do youB. don't youC. will youD. won't you59. What does "He wisely refused to spend hismoney" mean?A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend hismoney.B. He refused to spend his money in a wisemanner.C. He was short of money and didn't want tobuy anything.D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend hismoney.60. They stood chatting together as easily andnaturally as ________.A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was61. The following are all correct responses to "Whotold the news to the teacher?" EXCEPTA. Jim did this.B. Jim did so.C. Jim did that.D. Jim did.62. Quality is ________ counts most.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where63. In his plays Shakespeare ________ hischaracters live through their language.A. would makeB. had madeC. madeD. makes64. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, fivetimes ________ the size of St. Peter's in ________.Rome.A. /B. that ofC. which isD. of65. Which of the following sentences expresses"probability"?A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o'clock.D. You must complete the reading assignmenton time.66. When he first started in university, he really feltat ________ with his major – economics.A. shoreB. bankC. oceanD. sea67. On the road motorists should be aware ofcyclists and be ________ towards them.A. considerableB. consideringC. considerateD. considered68. Sally was a bit shy, but the teacher found herquite ________ discussing a recent film with others.A. at homeB. at mostC. at houseD. at bean69. The company has capitalized ________ theerror of judgment made by its business competitor.A. inB. overC. withD. on70. Tim has failed three courses this semester, sohe will have to ________ them next semester.A. remakeB. repeatC. reapplyD. revise71. Keep this reference book; it may come in________ one day.A. handyB. usefulC. convenientD. helpful72. The questions that the speaker raised were well________ the average adult.A. pastB. onC. beyondD. through73. Teachers in this school were encouraged to usedrama as a (n) ________ of learning.A. designB. instrumentC. agencyD. tool74. First, we need to find out what his scheme is,and then act ________.A. sensitivelyB. imaginativelyC. efficientlyD. accordingly75. At first Jim was not quite clear what he wasgoing to do after university, but now he seems ________ on becoming a computer programmer.A. fitB. setC. disposedD. decided76. When invited to talk about his achievements+he refused to blow his own ________ and declined to speak at the meeting.A. trumpetB. whistleC. bugleD. flute77. In spite of the treatment, the pain in his leggrew in ________.A. gravityB. extentC. intensityD. amount78. Bus services between Town Centre and NewtonHousing Estate will be ________ until the motorway is repaired.A. discontinuedB. suspendedC. haltedD. ceased79. The moon, being much nearer to the Earth thanthe Sun, is the ________ cause of the tides.A. principalB. basicC. initialD. elementary80. Teddy came to my ________ with a cheque of$200 to pay my room rate, after I phoned him that my wallet had been stolen.A. attendanceB. assistanceC. rescueD. safetyPART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN) TEXT AWhen the sun is up in Amsterdam, the largest city in the Netherlands sits quietly on the Amstel River. You can rent a bicycle, visit the Van Gogh or Anne Frank museum, or take a water taxi.But when the sun goes down, the partying begins. In the big clubs and in coffee shops, tourists gather to hang out, talk politics and smoke.Several areas of the city clearly show the two worlds that rule Amsterdam. And they're all within a short cab ride of each other.For example, Dam Square attracts daytime sightseers to its festivals, open markets, concerts and other events. Several beautiful and very popular hotels can be found there. And there is theRoyal Palace and the Magna Plaza shopping mall.But as evening descends on Dam Square so do the party-seekers. Hip pop or funk music begins blaring from Club Paradiso and Club Melkweg. These are two of the most popular clubs inEurope. So if you come, be ready to dance. The clubs don't shut down until 4 am.And while you are there, check out the various inexpensive ways to tour the city. Don't worry about getting lost. Although Dutch is the official language, most people in Amsterdam speak English and are happy to help you with directions.And you'll notice that half the people in the streets are on bicycles. They rent for US$17 to $20 for a whole day.Amsterdam also has a good canal system. From anywhere between U852 and $9.50, you can use the canal bus or a water taxi to cruise the "Venice of the North".You can take in the picturesque canal house architecture: The rows of neat, narrow four-story dwellings of brownstone with large windows are well worth seeing. Many of them are several centuries old.You might also want to jump out of the canal bus at the Museum Quarter and start walking.Masterpieces by Dutch artists such asRembrandt, Bruegel, Van Gogh and others are on display at the Van Gogh Museum, Rembrandt House and others.The city has an appreciation of its historic past. One place to visit is the Anne Frank House in Nine Streets. It was there that the young Jewish girl wrote her famous diary during World War II. Visitors can view Anne's original diary and climb behind the bookcase to the room where she and her family hid from the Nazis for two years.81. At the beginning of the passage, the authorindicates that ________.A. Amsterdam is generally known as a quiet city.B. parties go on all day long in Amsterdam,C. Amsterdam presents two different pictures.D. Amsterdam attracts many daytime visitors.82. Which tourist attraction is cited for elaborationin Paragraphs Four and Five?A. Royal Palace.B. Dam Square.C. Club Paradiso.D. Magna Plaza.83. According to the passage, the local people haveall the following characteristics EXCEPTA. they are party goersB. they show hospitalityC. they can speak EnglishD. they are fond of cycling84. Which of the following adjectives can bestdescribe Amsterdam as a tourist city?A. Modern.B. Delightful.C. Quiet.D. Historic.TEXT BIn an article some Chinese scholars are described as being "tantalized by the mysterious dragon bone hieroglyphics." Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins in myths and legends of the past (in this case, Greek and Roman ones). The meaning of the verb tantalize is a very particular one: "to promise or show something desirable to a person and then take it away; to tease by arousing hope." Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a word's origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning. For tantalize the following explanation is given: [> Tantalus]. This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to find out the word's origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology, Tantalus was a king who was punished in the lower world with eternal hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in water that always moved away when he tried to drink it and with fruit on branches above him placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why his name was changed into a verb meaning "to tease or torment by arousing desire"?Another example is the word siren, familiar to us as the mechanical device that makes such an alarming sound when police cars, ambulances, or fire engines approach. This word also has its origins in Greek mythology. The traveler Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) made his men plug their ears so that they wouldn't hear the dangerous voices of the sirens, creatures who were half bird and half woman and who lured sailors to their deaths on sharp rocks. So the word came to be associated both with a loud sound and with danger!When someone speaks of a "jovial mood" or a "Herculean effort," he or she is using words with origins in mythology. Look these words up to find their meaning and relationship to myths.Many common words, such as the names for the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythology. Wednesday derives from the ancient Norse king of the gods, Woden, and Thursday was originally Thor's day, in honour of Thor, the god of thunder. As a matter of fact, all the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Roman mythology, including the planet that is farthest away from the sun and for that reason was called after the Roman god of the dead. This god has also given his name to one of the chemical elements.Several other elements have names that come from mythology, too.It seems that myths and legends live on in the English language.85. The purpose of the first sentence in ParagraphOne is ________.A. to describe the work of some ChinesescholarsB. to arouse readers' interest in hieroglyphicsC. to lead readers onto the main themeD. to link the preceding part to the present one86. We learn from the passage, all Englishdictionaries include ________.A. legendsB. mythologyC. word originsD. word definitions87. The example of tantalize is to show ________.A. how the word came into existenceB. how Tantalus was punished in the lowerworldC. how all English dictionaries show wordoriginsD. how the meaning of the word changed overthe years88. According to the passage, which of thefollowing does NOT have origins in myths or legends?A. Jovial.B. Wednesday.C. Earth.D. March.89. Which of the following can best serve as thetitle of the passage?A. Greek and Roman Mythology in Language.B. Mythological Origins of English Words.C. Historical Changes in Word Meanings.D. Mythology and Common Words.TEXT CMy heart sank when the man at the immigration counter gestured to the back room. I'm an American born and raised, and this was Miami, where I live, but they weren't quite ready to let me in yet."Please wait in here, Ms Abujaber," the immigration officer said. My husband, with his very American last name, accompanied me. He was getting used to this. The same thing had happened recently in Canada when I'd flown to Montreal to speak at a book event. That time they held me for 45 minutes. Today we were returning from a literary festival in Jamaica, and I was startled that I was being sent "in back" once again.The officer behind the counter called me up and said, "Miss, your name looks like the name of someone who's on our wanted list. We're going to have to check you out with Washington.""How long will it take?""Hard to say... a few minutes," he said. "We'll call you when we're ready for you."After an hour, Washington still hadn't decided anything about me. "Isn't this computerized?"I asked at the counter. "Can't you just look me up?"Just a few more minutes, they assured me.After an hour and a half, I pulled my cell phone out to call the friends I was supposed to meet that evening. An officer rushed over. "No phones!" he said. "For all we know you could be calling a terrorist cell and giving them information.""I'm just a university professor," I said. My voice came out in a squeak."Of course you are. And we take people like you out of here in leg irons every day."I put my phone away.My husband and 1 were getting hungry and tired. Whole families had been brought into the waiting room, and the place was packed with excitable children, exhausted parents, even a flight attendant.I wanted to scream, to jump on a chair and shout: "I'm an American citizen; a novelist; l probably teach English literature to your children." Or would that all be counted against me?After two hours in detention, I was approached by one of the officers. "You're free to go," he said. No explanation or apologies. For a moment, neither of us moved, we were still in shock.Then we leaped to our feet."Oh, one more thing." He handed me a tattered photocopy with an address on it. "If you weren't happy with your treatment, you can write to this agency.""Will they respond?" I asked."I don't know –I don't know of anyone who's ever written to them before." Then he added, "By the way, this will probably keep happening each time you travel internationally.""What can I do to keep it from happening again?"He smiled the empty smile we'd seen all day. "Absolutely nothing."After telling several friends about our ordeal, probably the most frequent advice I've heard in response is to change my name. Twenty years ago, my own graduate school writing professor advised me to write under a pen name so that publisherswouldn't stick me in what he called "the ethnic ghetto" – a separate, secondary shelf in the bookstore. But a name is an integral part of anyone's personal and professional identity-just like the town you're born in and the place where you're raised.Like my father, I'll keep the name, but my airport experience has given me a whole new perspective on what diversity and tolerance are supposed to mean. I had no idea that being an American would ever be this hard.90. The author was held at the airport because________.A. she and her husband returned from JamaicaB. her name was similar to a terrorist'sC. she had been held in MontrealD. she had spoken at a book event91. She was not allowed to call her friends because________.A. her identity hadn't been confirmed yetB. she had been held for only one hour and ahalfC. there were other families in the waiting roomD. she couldn't use her own cell phone92. We learn from the passage that the authorwould ________ to prevent similar experience from happening again.A. write to the agencyB. change her nameC. avoid traveling abroadD. do nothing93. Her experiences indicate that there still exists________ in the US.A. hatredB. discriminationC. toleranceD. diversity94. The author sounds in the last paragraph.A. impatientB. bitterC. worriedD. ironicTEXT DPublic speaking fills most people with dread. Humiliation is the greatest fear; self-exposure and failing to appeal to the audience come a close second. Women hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds.Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. If you were under pressure to be perfect, you are terrified of falling in the most public of ways.While extroverts will feel less fear before the ordeal, it does not mean they will necessarily do it better. Some very shy people manage to shine. When I met the British comedian Julian Clary, he was shy and cautious, yet his TV performances are perfect.In fact, personality is not the best predictor of who does it well. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself.Actual acting, as in performing the scripted lines of a character other than yourself, does not do the job. While politicians may limit damage by having carefully rehearsed, written scripts to speak from, there is always a hidden awareness among the audience that the words might not be true.Likewise, the incredibly perfect speeches of many American academics are far from natural.You may end up buying their book on the way out, but soon afterwards, it is much like fast food, and you get a nameless sense that you've been cheated.Although, as Earl Spencer proved at his sister Princess Diana's funeral, it is possible both to prepare every word and to act naturally. A script rarely works and it is used to help most speakers.But, being yourself doesn't work either. If you spoke as if you were in your own kitchen, it would be too authentic, too unaware of the need to communicate with an audience.I remember going to see British psychiatrist R.D. Laing speak in public. He behaved like aseriously odd person, talking off the top ofhis head. Although he was talking aboutmadness and he wrote on mental illness,he seemed to be exhibiting rather thanexplaining it.The best psychological place from which to speak is an unselfconscious self-consciousness, providing the illusion of being natural. Studies suggest that this state of "flow", as psychologists call it, is very satisfying.95. Women hate public speaking most mainlybecause of ________.A. their upbringing very early on。
TEM4_写作考试专讲note-writing
Requirements Format（２分） 1.Date: 右上角，April
22nd, 2007// 22 April, 2007//Apr. 22, 2007//22/4/2007//4/22/2007//April 22nd//Apr.22
说明：根据考生的思想与表达、语言运用能力和写作规范分别打分。 “思想与表达”满分为7，按考生的表现赋分： 1------2------3------4-----5------6------7 较差 一般 良好 优秀 “语言运用能力” 满分为6，按考生的表现赋分：1------2------3-----4------5------6 较差 一般 良好 优秀 “写作规范”满分为2，按考生的表现赋分：0.5------1------1.5------2 较差 一般 良好 优秀 空白卷、仅写了一些与任务无关的字句、仅仅照抄指导语得0分。分 项分可以有0.5分。
Possible version
June 22, 2010 Dear Jack, I’m glad that you asked for my suggestions with regard to a tour in our city. I strongly recommend you to visit the Great Wall. It’s a must-see for every tourist here. You can take a taxi to Dongzhimen first, and then transfer to a tour bus to the Great Wall. I hope you find my suggestions helpful and wish you a nice tour! Yours sincerely, David
限定词补充解析
单数 复数名词
The first the second the last the next
The first rose The last three shipments
复数 不可数名词
a lot of lots o f plenty of enough more most such other
Exercise 1
1. He did it in ----time it took me . a the one-third b half a c the double d one-third the
2. ----friends usually speak highly of him. a his some b his many c many his d some his
Both the predeterminers and centra determiners are mutually exclusive.
前位 such a such an
后位 some such any such No such few such one such another such Other such many such one such two such
Exercise 2 correct errors
1. We have got enough time to read such many novels. 2. The librarian has catalogued each book in the fiction section. 3. More corn is produced in the USA than in any country in the
英语专业四级历年语法试题含答案
英语专业四级历年语法试题虚拟语气部分1. If you _____ in such a hurry, you _____ sugar into the sauce insteadof salt. (TEM4-1992-50)A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put2. _____ their help, we would not have succeeded. (TEM4-1992-55)A. Hadn’t been forB. Had not it been forC. It hadn’t been forD. Had it not been for3. She asked that she _____ allowed to see her son in police custody.(TEM4-1993-50)A. would beB. could beC. beD. was4. _____ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about thework. (TEM4-1994-53)A. UnlessB. But forC. Except forD. Not for5. It was recommended that passengers _____ smoke during the flight. (TEM4-1994-58)A. notB. need notC. could notD. would not6. _____ you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with questions.(TEM4-1994-62)A. If I realizedB.Had I realizedC. I realizedD. As I realized7. _____, he would not have recovered so quickly. (TEM4-1995-65)A. Hadn’t he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of8. I _____ the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowdof people there. (TEM4-1996-43)A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. could have enjoyedD. will be enjoying9. He left orders that nothing _____ touched until the police arrived there.(TEM4-1997-43)A. should beB. ought to beC. must beD. would be10. I was to have made a speech if _____. (TEM4-1997-51)A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away11. If your car _____ any attention during the first 12 months, take itto authorized dealer. (TEM4-1998-43)A. shall needB. should needC. would needD. will need12. If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about timeyou _____ able to write letters in English. (TEM4-1999-49)A. should beB. wereC. must beD. are13. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _____ quitesuch a crowd of people there. (TEM4-2000-49)A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. will need14. _____ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. (TEM4-2002-50)A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not15. “What courses are you going to do next semester?”“I don’t know. But it’s about time _____ on something.”(TEM4-2002-51)A. I’d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I’m deciding16. _____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?(TEM4-2004-44)A. Would you be surprisedB. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprisedD. Would you have been surprised17. It is imperative that students _____ their term papers on time.(TEM4-2004-46)A. hand inB. would hand inC. have to hand inD. handed in18. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _____ able to advise you much betterthan I can. (TEM4-2005-51)A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were19. If only I _____ play the guitar as well as you! (TEM4-2006-52)A. wouldB. couldC. shouldD. might20. It’s high time we _____ cutting down the rainforests. (TEM4-2006-54)A. stoppedB. had to stopC. shall stopD. stop21. It is imperative that the government _____ more investment into theshipbuilding industry. (TEM4-2006-59)A. attractsB. shall attractC. attractD. has to22. If only the patient _____ a different treatment instead of using theantibiotics, he might still be alive now. (TEM4-2007-54)A. had receivedB. receivedC. should receiveD. were receiving23. It is absolutely essential that William _____ his study in spite ofsome learning difficulties. (TEM4-2007-65)A. will continueB. continuedC. continueD. continues24. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.(TEM4-2009-52)A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been一、非谓语动词部分1.The compositions contained so few errors that the teacher got thestudents _____ one another’s papers. (TEM4-1992-58)A. correctB. to correctC. correctingD. to be correcting2. I don’t like _____ bills but when I do get them I like _____ them promptly.(TEM4-1992-60)A. to get, payingB. getting, to payC. to get, to payD. getting, paying3. I never regretted _____ his offer, for it was not where my interest lay.(TEM4-1993-53)A. not to acceptB. not having acceptedC. having not acceptedD. not accepting4. Arriving at the bus stop, _____ waiting there. (TEM4-1994-52)A. a lot of people wereB. he found a lot of peopleC. a lot of peopleD. people were found5. _____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the workat first. (TEM4-1994-55)A. Not receivedB. Since receivingC. Having receivedD. Not having received6. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars _____the most important of these. (TEM4-1994-57)A. have beenB. areC. beingD. are being7. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to hisastonishment, he saw a rope ladder _____ out and three men climbing down it. (TEM4-1995-52)A. throwingB. being thrownC. having thrownD. having been thrown8. He resented _____ to wait. He expected the minister _____ him at once.(TEM4-1995-53)A. to be asked, to seeB. being asked, to seeC. to be asked, seeingD. being asked, seeing9. This missile is designed so that once _____ nothing can be done to retrieve it.(TEM4-1995-63)A. firedB. being firedC. they firedD. having fired10. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (TEM4-1996-42)A. HavingB. GivenC. GivingD. Had11. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _____insufficiently popular with all members. (TEM4-1996-45)A. having consideredB. was consideredC. was being consideredD. being considered12. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters isto avoid _____. (TEM4-1996-48)A. from being beatenB. being beatenC. beatingD. to be beaten13. _____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room.(TEM4-1996-51)A. There wasB. SinceC. BeingD. There being14. _____, he can now only watch it on TV at home. (TEM4-1998-45)A. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchB. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchC. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchD. Not obtained a ticket for the match15. The Clarks haven’t decided yet which hotel _____. (TEM4-1998-49)A. to stayB. is to stayC.to stay atD. is for staying16. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able todiscover more in this field. (TEM4-1998-51)A. GivingB. To giveC. GivenD. Being given17. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into theneighboring country _____ by the police each time. (TEM4-1999-42)A. had been capturedB. being always capturedC. only to be capturedD. unfortunately captured18. Professor Johnson is said _____ some significant advance in his researchin the past years. (TEM4-1999-43)A. having madeB. makingC. to have madeD. to make19. There _____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an endhalf an earlier. (TEM4-2000-45)A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be20. _____ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn't seem sogloomy.(TEM4-2000-51)A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look21. Even as a girl, _____ to be her life, and theater audiences were tobe her teachers. (TEM4-2001-42)A. performing by Melissa wereB. it was known that Melissa's performances wereC. knowing that Melissa's performances wereD. Melissa knew that performing was22. _____ him tomorrow? (TEM4-2001-43)A. Why not to call onB. Why don't call onC. Why not to calling onD. Why not call on23. ______ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (TEM4-2001-51)A. To be not tallB. Not to be tallC. Being not tallD. Not being tall24. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ by farthe cereal crop. (TEM4-2003-41)A. isB. beenC. beD. being25. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _____ forthat.(TEM4-2003-47)A. for us to be preparedB. that we are preparedC. of us to be preparedD. our being prepared26. Time _____, the celebration will be held as scheduled. (TEM4-2003-48)A. permitB.permittingC. permittedD. permits27. If not _____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets veryill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (TEM4-2004-45)A. being treatedB. treatedC. be treatedD. having been treated28. The minister of finance is believed _____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.(TEM4-2004-48)A. that is thinkingB. to be thinkingC. that he is to thinkD. to think29. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, _____ the spoilt ones.(TEM4-2006-63)A. not countingB. not to countC. don’t countD. having notcounted30. Linda was _____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.(TEM4-2007-54)A.to startB. to have startedC. to be startingD. to havebeen starting31. It is not uncommon for there _____ problems of communication betweenthe old and the young. (TEM4-2007-63)A. beingB. would beC. beD. to be32. _____ at in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so desperate.(TEM4-2007-64)A. LookingB. LookedC. Being lookedD. To look33. What does “He wisely refused to spend his money”mean? (TEM4-2008-59)A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.C. He was short of money and didn’t want to buy anything.D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.34. What a nice day! How about the three of us _____ a walk in the parknearby?(TEM4-2009-51)A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking35. "It seems that she was there at the conference." The sentence meansthat (TEM4-2009-62)A. she seems to be there at the conference.B. she seemed to be there at the conference.C. she seems to have been there at the conference.D. she seemed to being there at the conference.36. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer" has all thefollowing possible meanings EXCEPT (TEM4-2009-65)A. the man who has prepared the documents...B. the man who has been preparing the documents...C. the man who is preparing the documents...D. the man who will prepare the documents...三、动词时态和语态1. When I arrived at the meeting, the first speaker _____ and the audience_____. (TEM4-1992-47)A. had finished speaking, were clappingB. had finished speaking, had clappedC. finished speaking, clappedD. finished speaking, were clapping2. The doctor is feeling the little girl’s pulse. He says it _____ normal.(TEM4-1992-51)A. feelsB. is feelingC. has feltD. is felt3. I _____ writing the paper as scheduled, but my mother’s illnessinterfered. I hope you will excuse me. (TEM4-1993-54)A. am to have finishedB. was to have finishedC. was to finishD. ought to finish4. How can I ever concentrate if you _____ continually _____ me with sillyquestions? (TEM4-1997-41)A. have …interruptedB. had …interruptedC. are…interruptingD. were…interrupting5. Mr. White works with a chemicals import & export company, but he _____for the industrial fair, since he is on leave. (TEM4-1997-44)A. has workedB. worksC. has been workingD. is working6. For some time now, world leaders _____ out the necessity for agreementon arms reduction. (TEM4-2002-43)A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed7. The experiment requires more money than _____. (TEM4-2002-49)A. have been put inB. being put inC. has been put inD. to be put in8. Jack _____ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry abouthis safety. (TEM4-2003-42)A. has been missingB. has been missedC. had been missingD. was missed9. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _____ until yesterday.(TEM4-2005-54)A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came10. _____ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. (TEM4-2005-55)A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be11. That was not the first time he _____ us. I think it’s high time we_____ strong actions against him. (TEM4-2005-60)A. betrayed…takeB. had betrayed…tookC. has betrayed…tookD. has betrayed…take12. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _____ impossibleto comprehend. (TEM4-2006-55)A. has foundB. was findingC. had foundD. would find13. The committee has anticipated the problems that _____ in the roadconstruction project. (TEM4-2007-58)A. ariseB. will ariseC. aroseD. havearisen14. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _____ impossibleto comprehend. (TEM4-2007-59)A. had foundB. findsC. has foundD. would find15. He would have finished his college education, but he _____ to quit andfind a job to support his family. (TEM4-2007-60)A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have16. In his plays Shakespeare ______ his characters live through theirlanguage. (TEM4-2008-63)A. would makeB. had madeC. madeD. makes四、情态助动词的用法1.The door was open.It _____ open. I had locked it myself and the key was in my pocket. (TEM4-1992-48)A. can’t beB. mustn’t beC. can’t have beenD.mustn’t have been2. – I bought this shirt for 35 yuan yesterday.– It’s on sale today for only 30. You should have waited.– Oh really? But how _____ I know? (TEM4-1993-48)A. wouldB. canC. didD. do3. She must be in the dormitory now.No, she _____ be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago.(TEM4-1994-59)A. mustn’tB. can’tC. couldn’tD. wouldn’t4. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn't leave home until 8:25. (TEM4-1994-64)A. couldn’t have caughtB. ought to have caughtC. shouldn’t have caughtD. must not have caught5. The meeting has been cancelled. Ann _____ all that work. (TEM4-1995-55)A. need to doB. need haveC. needn’t have doneD. needed not to do6. We could _____ him with a detached house when he came, but he hadspecifically asked a small flat. (TEM4-1995-62)A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided7. As it turned out to be a small house party, we ______ so formally.(TEM4-1996-49)A. need not have dressed upB. must not have dressed upC. did not need to dress upD. must not dress up8. You _____ Mark anything. It was none of his business. (TEM4-1998-52)A. needn’t have toldB. needn’t tellC. mustn’t have toldD. mustn’t tell9. He _____ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.(TEM4-1999-48)A. may have actedB. must have actedC. should actD. would act10. Much as _____ I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’thave that much spare cash. (TEM4-1999-52)A. I would have liked toB. I would like to haveC. I should have to likeD. I should have liked to11. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I _____ thejourney in exactly two days. (TEM4-2005-57)A. must makeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make12. _____ you _____ further problems with your printer, contact your dealerfor advice. (TEM4-2005-63)A. If, hadB. Have, hadC. should, haveD. Incase, had13. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone _____ anopportunity to hear the speech. (TEM4-2006-56)A. ought to haveB. must haveC. may haveD.shouldhave14. I am surprised _____ this city is a dull place to live in. (TEM4-2006-57)A. that you should thinkB. by which you are thinkingC. that you would thinkD. with what you were thinking15. “You _____ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I toldmy friend. (TEM4-2007-53)A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can16. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.(TEM4-2007-53)A. must beB. had beenC. could beD.must have been17. Had Jud been more careful on the maths exam, she _____ much betterresults now.(TEM4-2008-52)A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get18. Which of the following sentences expresses “probability”? (TEM4-2008-52)A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o’clock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.19. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. (TEM4-2009-53)A. had beenB. must beC. has beenD. must have been20. Aren't you tired? I ____ you had done enough for today. (TEM4-2009-61)A. should have thoughtB. must have thoughtC. might have thoughtD. could have thought五、主从复合句和某些连接用语的用法1. We could go to a concert _____ you’d prefer to visit a museum. (TEM4-1992-49)A. ifB. becauseC. unlessD. since2. _____ their policy can be changed, the future for that country will beindeed bleak. (TEM4-1993-46)A. Even ifB. UnlessC. Now thatD. As long as3. She said she would work it out herself _____ ask me for help. (TEM4-1993-47)A. and not toB. but notC. and prefer notD. rather than4. David Singer, my friend’s father, _____raised and educated in New York, lived and lectured in Africa most of his life. (TEM4-1993-57)A. whoB. ifC. whileD. though5. My Scottish friend says there is _____ monster in Loch Ness. (TEM4-1993-58)A. no such thing asB. no such thing as aC. no such a thing asD. no such a thing as a6. We can assign the task to _____ is capable and trustworthy. (TEM4-1994-54)A. whomeverB. whoC. whomD. whoever7. Only take such clothes _____ really necessary. (TEM4-1994-61)A. as wereB. as they areC. as they wereD. as are8. _____ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals. (TEM4-1994-65)A. ThatB. ItC. ThisD. As9. _____ I was very much mistaken, there was something wrong with Louise. (TEM4-1995-58)A. UnlessB. AsC. ThoughD. Since10.You won’t get a loan _____ you can offer some security. (TEM4-1996-41)A. lestB. in caseC. unlessD. other than11. The brilliance of his satires was__ ________ make even his victims laugh. (TEM4-1996-52)A. so as toB. such as toC. so thatD. such that12. The physicist has made a discovery, _____ of great importance to the progress of science andtechnology. (TE44-1997-45)A. I think which isB. that I think isC. which I think isD. which I think it is13. _____, he is ready to accept suggestions from different sources. (TEM4-1997-46)A. Instead of his contributionsB. For all his notable contributionsC. His making notable contributionsD. However his notable contributions14. The team can handle whatever ____ ____ . (TEM4-1997-47)A. that needs handlingB. which needs handlingC. it needs handlingD. need be handled15. Come and see me whenever ___________ _____. (TEM4-1997-48)A. you are convenientB. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to youD. it will be convenient to you16. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and _____________ he was warmly received.(TEM4-1997-49)A. as suchB.such asC. as that.D.so that17. I have never been to London, but that is the city _____. (TEM4-1997-50)A. where I like to visit mostB. I’d most like to visitC. which I like to visit mostlyD. where I’d like most to visit18. She remembered several occasions in the past _____ she had experienced a similar feeling.(TEM4-1998-42)A. whichB. beforeC. thatD. when19. _____ he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank.(TEM4-1998-48)A. Much asB. Much thoughC. As muchD. Though much20. His strong sense of humor was _____ make everyone in the room burst out laughing. (TEM4-1998-50)A. so as toB. such as toC. so thatD. such that21. After _____ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager's office.(TEM4-1999-41)A. that.B. thereC. whatD. it22. It is not so much the language_____ the cultural background that makes the book difficult tounderstand. (TEM4-1999-45)A. butB. norC. asD. like23. He's _____ as a "bellyacher" — he's always complaining about something. (TEM4-1999-50)A. who is knownB. whom is knownC. what is knownD. which is known24. _____, he always tries his best to complete it on time. (TEM4-1999-51)A. However the task is hardB. However hard the task isC. Though hard the task isD. Though .hard is the task25. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people _____.(TEM4-2000-41)A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it26. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _____ left untreated.(TEM4-2000-42)A. afterB. ifC. sinceD. unless27. The central provinces have floods in some years, and _____. (TEM4-2000-43)A. drought in othersB. drought mothersC. while other droughtsD. others in drought28. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff _____ is needed for quality control can besubstantially reduced. (TEM4-2000-50)A. whoseB. asC. whatD. that29. I can't go-- for one thing, I have no money, and _____ I have too much work.(TEM4-2001-41)A. what's moreB. as wellC. for anotherD. in addition30. There is no doubt _____ the company has made the right decision on the sales project.(TEM4-2001-44)A. whyB. thatC. whetherD. when31. Intellect is to the mind __________ sight is to the body. (TEM4-2001-45)A. whatB. asC. thatD. like32_____ I sympathize, I can't really do very much to help them out of the difficulties. (TEM4-2001-46)A. As long asB. AsC. WhileD. Even33. Barry had an advantage over his mother _____ he could speak French.(TEM4-2001-49)A. since thatB. in thatC. at thatD. so that34. She did her work ________ __her manager had instructed. (TEM4-2002-41)A. asB. untilC. whenD. though35. Have you ever been in a situation _____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? (TEM4-2002-44)A. by whichB. thatC. in whereD. where36. We've just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, _____ should make grea t differences in our life next summer. (TEM4-2002-45)A. whichB. whatC. thatD. they37. She managed to save _____ she could out of her wages to help her brother.(TEM4 2002-47)A. how little moneyB. so little moneyC. such little moneyD. what little money38. Fool _____ Jane is, she could not have done such a thing. (T EM4-2002-48)A. whoB. asC. thatD. like39. Above the trees are the hills, _____ magnificence the river faithfully reflects onthe surface. (TEM4-2003-43)A. whereB. of whoseC. whose.D. which40. _____ I like economics, I like sociology much better. (TEM4-2003-49)A. As much asB. So muchC. How much.D. Much as41. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _____ is something we had not expected. (TEM4-2003-51)A. whichB. itC. thatD. what42. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _____ he was twenty yearsago.(TEM4-2003-52)A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom43. _____, I'll marry him all the same. (TEM4-2004-42)A. Was he rich or poorB. Whether rich or poorC. Were he rich or poorD. Be he rich or poor44. The government has promised to do _____ lies in its power to ease the hardshipsof the victims in the flood-stricken area. (TEM4-2004-43)A. howeverB. whicheverC. whateverD. wherever45. _____, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class. (TEM4-2005-52)A. Although he is a socialistB. Even if he is a socialistC. Being a socialistD. Since he is a socialist46. His remarks were _____ annoy everybody at the meeting. (TEM4-2005-53)A. so as toB. such as toC. such toD. as much as to47. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _____ stupid. (TEM4-2005-58)A. something butB. anything butC. nothing butD. not but48. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, _____ that he paid me back the followingback. (TEM4-2005-64)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if49. _____ dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive. (TEM4-2006-51)A. AlthoughB. WhateverC. AsD. However50. The party, _____ I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable. (TEM4-2006-53)A. by whichB. for whichC. to whichD. at which51. Land belongs to the city; there is _____ thing as private ownership of land. (TEM4-2006-60)A. no such aB. not suchC. not such aD. no such52. There are as good fish in the sea _____ ever came out of it. (TEM4-2007-51)A. thanB. likeC. asD. so53. It is not _____ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.(TEM4-2007-57)A. thatB. asC. soD. very54. The research requires more money than _____. (TEM4-2007-61)A. have been put inB. has been put inC. being put inD. to be put in55. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably _____ a threat to the humanrace than environmental destruction. (TEM4-2007-62)A. no moreB. not moreC. even moreD. much more56. Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (TEM4-2008-53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what57. Men differ from animals _____ they can think and speak. (TEM4-2008-54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which58. _____ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment.(TEM4-2008-55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Though Much59. I enjoyed myself so much _____ I visited my friends in Paris last year. (TEM4-2008-56)A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where60. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as _____. (TEM4-2008-60)A. it could beB. they could beC. it wasD. was61. Quality is ______ counts most. (TEM4-2008-62)A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where62. _____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay.(TEM4-2009-54)A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However63. I was very interested in _____ she told me. (TEM4-2009-56)A. all thatB. all whichC. all whatD. that64. We consider ______ he should have left without telling anyone beforehand.(TEM4-2009-57)A. strange whyB. it strange whatC. it strange thatD. that strange65. The couple had no sooner got to the station _____ the coach left. (TEM4-2009-60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than六、冠词及其他限定词的某些用法1. Ted couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but he knew it was _____ Sunday because everybodywas at _____ church. (TEM4-1992-46)A. /, theB. a, /C. /, aD. the, /2. The rising crime rate is _____ major concern of _____ society. (TEM4-1993-52)A. the, theB. a, /C. a, theD. /, the3. _____ human problems that repeat themselves in _____ life repeat themselves in _____ literature.(TEM4-1994-60)A. /, /, theB. /, the, /C. The, /, /D. The, the, the4. The idea of traveling through _____ space to other planets interests many people today. (TEM4-1995-54)A. aB. theC. /D. one5. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish _____ proposals in the near future. (TEM4-2008-51)A. theirB. ourC. hisD. its6. Which of the following is INCORRECT? (TEM4-2008-57)A. All his lectures were boring.B. Half his money was gone.C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.D. He invited many his friends to the party.7. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times _____ the size of St. Peter’s in Rome.(TEM4-2008-64)A. /B. that ofC. which isD. of8. A new laptop costs about _____ of a second-hand one. (TEM4-2009-55)A. the price of three timesB. three times the priceC. as much as the three times priceD. three times more than the price七、倒装、强调、否定、省略、反意疑问句、插入语等特殊句型1. A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, _____? (TEM4-1992-59)A. need itB. needn’t itC. does itD. doesn’t it2. _____ the snake in superstitious awe. (TEM4-1993-60)。
状语从句专四历年真题
三、主从复合句和某些连接用语的用法1. We could go to a concert _____ you’d prefer to visit a museum. (TEM4-1992-49)A. ifB. becauseC. unlessD. since2. _____ their policy can be changed the future for that country will be indeed bleak. (TEM4-1993-46)A. Even ifB. UnlessC. Now thatD. As long as3. She said she would work it out herself _____ ask me for help. (TEM4-1993-47)A. and not toB. but notC. and prefer notD. rather than4. David Singer, my friend’s father, _____r aised and educated in New York, lived and lectured in Africa most of his life. (TEM4-1993-57)A. whoB. ifC. whileD. though5._____ I was very much mistaken, there was something wrong with Louise. (TEM4-1995-58)A. UnlessB. AsC. ThoughD. Since6.You won’t get a loan _____ you can offer some security. (TEM4-1996-41)A. lestB. in caseC. unlessD. other than7.The brilliance of his satires was make even his victims laugh. (TEM4-1996-52) B such as to那(或这)样…以致，到如此程度以致，像这个样子因而A. so as toB. such as toC. so thatD.such that8. _____, he is ready to accept suggestions from different sources. (TEM4-1997-46)A. Instead of his contributionsB. For all his notable contributionsC. His making notable contributionsD. However his notable contributions9. Come and see me whenever . (TEM4-1997-48) C时间状语从句必须遵循一个原则：当主句是祈使句或will/shall将来时的时候，从句用一般现在时态。
TEM-4考试总体介绍
本文由songchaols贡献英语专业四级报考资格( 年公告为例) 报考资格( 以2009 年公告为例)内容1.经教育部备案或批准的高等院校中: 2007 年入学的英语专业二年级本科生英语专业二年级本科生(考英语专业二年级本科生生类型的编号为"40")2.2,经教育部备案或批准的高等院校中:2007 年或2006 年入学的,修完英语专英语专大专生.(考生类型的编号业基础阶段教学大纲规定课程的二,三年制最后一学年的大专生, 大专生为"20") 英语专四证书封面3.经教育部批准有学历的成人高等教育学院中:2007年入学的四年制即脱产学习的英语专业(第二学年)本科生;2006 年入学的,五年制即不脱产学习的,修完英语专业基础阶段教学大纲规定课程(第三学年)的本科生.脱产的二年制大专生,必须在第二学年时方可报名参加四级测试;不脱产的三年制大专生,必须在第三学年时方可报名参加四级测试.(考生类型的编号为"50")4.重点外语类院校中(详见注1),2007 年入学的,以专业英语作为第二学位或第二专业且CET4 达600 分或以上(相当于优秀)的二年级本科生.(考生类型的编号为"60") 5, 曾参加2008 年TEM4 统测但未通过的2006 级英语专业学生可参加此次补考, 但仅此一次补考机会,不参加作自动放弃,补考机会不顺延.(考生类型的编号为"70") 注:1.重点外语类院校是指北京外国语大学,北京第二外国语学院,对外经济贸易大学,天津外国语学院,大连外国语学院,上海外国语大学,广东外语外贸大学,四川外语学院,西安外国语学院等15 所院校.2.凡未通过基础阶段统测(TEM4)的考生,也可参加高年级阶段(TEM8)的统测.3.普通高校和成人高校"3+2"及"2+2"学制的英语专业专升本学生可在升本后的第一年以补考考生身份参加英语专业基础阶段(TEM4)统测,考生类别"70",但仅此一次机会,不再顺延.考试流程1.听写15 分钟后第一次交卷;2.做其他听力和选择题目,包括完型填空,词汇语法,阅读三部分,70 分钟后交第二卷;3.写作文便条,45 分钟后交卷,考试结束.考试大纲一.考试目的本考试的目的是全面检查已学完英语专业四级课程的学生是否达到教学大纲所规定的各项要求,考核学生运用各项基本技能的能力以及学生对语法结构和词语用法的掌握程度,既测试学生的综合能力,也测试学生的单项技能.同时,也是评估教学质量,推动校际交流的一种手段.二.考试的性质与范围本考试属于尺度参照性标准化考试.考试的范围包括基础阶段教学大纲所规定的一至四级除读音和说的技能以外的全部内容.由于目前尚未具备口试的条件,暂且只进行笔试.三.考试时间与命题每个四月份的第三个周六.四.考试形式为了较好地考核学生运用各项基本技能的能力,既照顾到科学性,客观性,又照顾到可行性以及基础阶段英语水平测试的特点,同时为确保试卷的信度,本考试除写作及听写部分为主观试题外,其余都采取多项选择题形式.主观试题部分旨在较好地测试学生灵活运用语言的能力,从而提高试卷的效度.五.考试内容本考试共有六个部分:一. 听写二. 听力理解三. 完形填空四. 语法及词汇五. 阅读理解六. 写作前两部分需时35分钟左右，后四部分需时100分钟,整个考试需时135分钟.六.试卷结构听写15%听力理解15%完型填空10%语法词汇15%阅读理解20%写作:a)作文15%b)便条10%七.及格标准及格标准TEM4 考试以60 分为及格分数.考试及格者由高等院校外语专业教学指导委员会颁发成绩单.成绩分为三个等级:60-69 分合格;70-79 分良好;80 分以上优秀.新版英语专业四级考试大纲( 2005 年起执行)新版大纲规定的考试题型主要有以下变化1. 大作文字数由150 词增加到200 词;2. 听力理解部分取消单句(Statements),增加为短文(Passages),题数增加;3. 阅读理解不再分常速阅读和快速阅读.一考试目的本考试的目的是全面检查已完成英语专业基础阶段课程的学生是否达到了<<大纲>>所规定的各项英语专业技能要求,考核学生综合运用各项基本技能的能力以及学生对语法结构和词语用法的掌握程度.二考试的性质与范围本考试属于标准参考性教学检查类考试.考试范围包括<<大纲>>所规定的听读写技能以及语法词汇知识.三考试时间对象与命题本考试在英语专业第四学期举行,每年一次.考试对象为英语专业二年级学生.本考试由教育部高等学校外语专业教学指导委员会英语组组织有关命题专家命题, 外语专业教学指导委员会办公室负责考试的实施.四考试形式为了有效考核学生综合运用各项基本技能的能力,即兼顾考试的科学性客观性,又考虑到考试的可行性以及基础阶段英语水平评估的特点,本考试采用多种考试形式,以保证考试的效度和信度.考试内容综述本考试共有六个部分:听写、听力理解、完型填空、语法与词汇、阅读理解、写作.整个考试需时135分钟.听写I.听写(PART I: Dictation)1.测试要求:(a )能在全面理解内容的基础上逐字逐句写出所听材料.(b)拼写和标点符号正确无误,错误率不超过8%(c)考试时间15 分钟2. 测试形式: 本部分为主观试题.所听材料共念四遍.第一遍用正常语速朗读,录音语速为每分钟120 个单词,让学生听懂材料大意.第二三遍朗读时意群分句和句子之间留出约15 秒的空隙,让学生书写.第四遍再用正常语速朗读,让学生检查.3. 测试目的: 测试学生听力理解能力拼写熟练程度以及正确运用标点符号的能力.4. 选材原则:(a )题材广泛体裁多样.(b)听写材料难度以不超过<<大纲>>规定为准.(c) 听写材料长度约150 个单词听力理解II 听力理解(Part II : Listening Comprehension)1. 测试要求:(a )能听懂英语国家人士关于日常生活和社会生活的谈话,以及中等难度(如TOEFL 中的短文)的听力材料.能理解大意,领会说话者的态度感情和真实意图.(b)能听懂相当于VOA 正常语速和BBC 新闻节目的主要内容(c)能辨别各种英语变体(如美国英语英国英语澳大利亚英语等)(d)考试时间约15-20分钟2.测试形式: 本部分采用多项选择题,分三节:Section A, Section B, Section C,共30 题.Section A: Conversations 本部分含有若干组对话,每组约为200 个单词.每组对话后有若干道题.本部分共有10 题.Section B: Passages 本部分含有若干篇短文,每篇长度约为200 个单词.每篇后有若干道题.本部分共有10 题Section C: News Broadcast 本部分含有若干段VOA 或BBC 新闻,每段新闻后有若干道题.本部分共有10 题.. 本部分后有5 秒的间隙,要求学生从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案.录音语速为每分钟约120 个单词,念一遍.3.测试目的: 测试学生获得口头信息的能力.4.选材原则:(a )对话和短文中的部分内容与日常生活和学习活动相关.(b)VOA 和BBC 新闻材料为学生所熟悉的一般新闻报道短评或讲话等.(c) 听写材料中所出现的词语原则上不超出<<>大纲>规定的范围.完形填空III 完型填空(Part III:Cloze)1. 测试要求:(a )能在全面理解所给短文内容的基础上,选择一个最佳答案使短文意思和结构恢复完整.(b)考试时间15 分钟2.测试形式: 本部分采用多项选择题.在一篇约250个单词题材熟练难度中等的短文中留出20 个空白.每个空白为一题,每题有四个选项.填空的词涉及语法和词汇.3.测试目的: 测试学生的综合语言知识和能力语法与词汇IV.语法与词汇. (Part IV: Grammar and Vocabulary)1. 测试要求:(a) 掌握并能运用<<大纲>>规定的一至四级语法内容.(b) 掌握<<大纲>>规定的基础阶段认知词汇(5500-6000),并且能正确熟练地运用其中的3000-4000 个单词及其最基本的搭配(c) 考试时间15 分钟2.测试形式: 本部分采用多项选择题.共30 道题,每题有四个选项.题目中约50%为词汇词组和短语用法题,其余为语法结构题.3.测试目的: 测试学生掌握词汇短语及基本语法概念的熟练程度.阅读理解V.阅读理解(Part V: Reading Comprehension)1. 测试要求:(a) 能读懂英美国家出版的中等难度的文章和材料..(b) 能读懂难度相当于美国Newsweek 的国际新闻报道.(c) 能读懂难度相当于Sons and Lovers 的文学原著(d) 能掌握所读材料的主旨大意,了解说明主旨大意的事实和细节;既理解字面意思, 又能根据所读材料进行判断和推理;既能理解个别句子的意义,也理解上下文的逻辑关系.(e) 能在阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度和阅读技巧.(f) 考试时间25 分钟2.测试形式: 本部分采用多项选择题,由数篇阅读材料组成.阅读材料共长1800 个单词左右.每篇材料后有若干道题.学生应根据所读材料内容,从每道题的四个选项中选出一个最佳的答案.共20 道题,3.测试目的: 本部分测试学生通过阅读获取有关信息的能力,考核学生掌握相关阅读策略和技巧的程度.既要求准确性,也要求一定的速度.阅读速度为每分钟120 个单词.4.选材原则:(a)题材广泛,包括社会、科技、文化、经济、日常知识、人物传记等.(b)体裁多样,包括记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文、广告、说明书、图表等.(c) 阅读材料的语言难度中等,关键词汇基本上不超出<<大纲>>规定的范围.写作VI.写作(Part VI: Writing )1. 测试要求:(a) 作文: 能根据所给的作文题目、提纲或图表、数据等,写一篇200 个单词左右的作文.能做到内容切题完整,条理清楚,结构严谨,语法正确,语言通顺,表达得体.考试时间35 分钟.(b) 便条: 能根据所给提示写50 至60 个单词的便条、通知、请贴等.能做到格式正确,语言得体.考试时间10 分钟.2.测试形式: 本部分分为主观试题,分两节:Section A 和Section B. Section A: Composition 本题是命题作文,文章体裁主要属于说明文议论文或记叙文的范围Section B: Note-Writing 本节是写便条.3.测试目的: 按照<<大纲>>的要求测试学生书面表达的能力.答题和计分作文和听写做在规定的主观题答题卷上.多项选择题的答案写在客观题答题卷上. 凡是写在试题册上的一律无效,予以作废. 试卷各部分采用记权方式折算成百分制.以60 分为及格标准.英语专业四级考试作文评分标准14-15 分内容切题、完整,条理清楚,文章结构严谨,语法正确,语言通顺恰当,句式用词富有变化,有"闪光点"基本无语言错误.11-13 分内容切题、完整,条理清楚,文章结构严谨,语法正确,语言通顺恰当,少量语法错误8-10 分内容基本切题、完整,条理基本清楚,文章结构基本严谨,语法基本正确,语言基本通顺恰当.少量严重错误,一些词使用不当.5-7 分内容基本切题、完整,条理不够清楚,较明显的母语痕迹.较多语言错误,许多词使用不当.2-4 分内容偏题,不完整,思路混乱,语句不完整,只有少数句子可以理解,词汇拼写错误严重.英语专业四级考试口试简介全国英语专业四级口语考试仍然采用录音口试,将于笔试一周后举行.根据大纲要求,口试内容将分解为三项: (1) 复述故事(听两遍故事后复述3 分种); (2) 即席讲话(根据所给的题目准备 3 分钟后,作即席讲话3 分钟); (3) 对话(根据规定的角色各自准备3 分钟后,对话 4 分钟).所要复述的故事大约有300 字,一般都是描述过去发生的事情.听故事时,允许学生记笔记.听两遍后直接复述,没有准备的时间.用于即席讲话的题目一般都与复述故事的主题有一定的联系,即席讲话需要描述自己的经历.口试第三部分的对话形式一般都是大学生所熟悉的话题.双方讲话采用讨论的方式,对某个问题发表自己的意见. 评分项目为五项:复述,即席讲话,语音语调及语法.其中,前三项评分针对三项任务的完成情况,后两项是对考生在完成前三项任务中的语音语调及语法的总体评价.具体评分过程如下:(1)评分教师首先给三项任务依次打分,但每项任务的评分重点不同.复述部分强调故事的完整性与条理性;即席讲话强调内容切题,丰富, 条理清楚,表达流畅;交谈部分强调讨论充分,遵循交际原则. (2)评分教师就考生在三项任务中的语音语调与语法进行总体的评价,打综合分.分数采用百分制,每五分为一档. (3)将五项分数相加,得到总分. (4)每盘磁带由两名教师评分,两个分数的平均数为每个学生的原始成绩. (5)将原始成绩转换成优秀,良好,及格与不及格四个等级.凡是成绩在及格以上的学生可获得全国高校外语专业教学指导委员会颁发的证书.普通高等学校英语专业四级口试评分标准等级复述即席讲话交谈语音语调语法优秀(四)90～100 能有条理地复述所听材料的详细内容. 能紧扣所给题目,有条理地组织自己的讲话,内容充实,语言流畅,无不必要的停顿. 能根据所规定的情景和角色灵活自如地进行交谈;能很好地遵守交际原则. 语音正确,发音清晰,语调自然, 接近本族语者. 语法基本正确,明显错误较少.良好(三) 80～89 能有条理地复述所听材料的重要内容. 紧扣主题,有条理地组织自己的讲话,内容较充实;讲话中有少数犹豫和结巴,但对交际无影响. 能根据所规定的情景和角色进行交谈,遵守交际原则,但不够灵活自如. 语音无明显错误,发音清晰,语调自然,稍有口音. 有少数明显错误,但不严重.及格(二) 60～79 能有条理地复述所听材料的重要内容,但条理性不够. 能就所给的题目组织自己的讲话,但内容不够充实或少部分内容不切题;讲话中犹豫或结巴次数较多,有时影响交际. 交谈内容比较简单，有口音,语音有一些错误,但不影响表达. 有少数严重语法错误,但不影响表达.不及格(一) 0～59 遗漏重要内容,或复述内容与所听材料有较大出入. 能就所给的题目组织自己的讲话,但条理性不够,内容比较简单或与题目毫无关系;讲话中犹豫或结巴频率太高,严重影响交际. 和对方交谈有明显的困难,不能很好地遵守交际原则. 口音重,语音有严重的错误,影响表达. 有严重语法错误。
TEM4阅读训练(2)
Remember the drinking fountain, that once ubiquitous (到处存在的), and free, source of H2O? It seems quaint now. Instead, bottled water is everywhere, in offices, airplanes, stores, homes and restaurants across the country. We consumed over eight billion gallons of the stuff in 2006, a 10% increase from 2005. It’s refreshing, calorie-free, convenient to carry around, tastier than some tap water and a heck of a lot healthier than sugary sodas. But more and more, people are questioning whether the water, and the package it comes in, is safe, or at least safer than tap water — and if the convenience is worth the environmental impact.Evocative names and labels depicting pastoral scenes have convinced us that the liquid is the purest drink around. “But no o ne should think that bottled water is better regulated, better protected or safer than tap,” says Eric Goldstein, co-director of the urban program at the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), a nonprofit organization devoted to protecting health and the environment.Yes, some bottled water comes from sparkling springs and other pristine (纯净的) sources. But more than 25% of it comes from a municipal supply. The water is treated, purified and sold to us, often at a thousandfold increase in price. Most people are surprise d to learn that they’re drinking glorified tap water, but bottlers aren’t required to list the source on the label. This year Aquafina will begin stating on labels that its H20 comes from public water sources. And Nestle Pure Life bottles will indicate whether the water comes from public, private or deep well sources. Dasani acknowledges on its website, but not on the label itself, that it draws from local water.Labels can be misleading at best, deceptive at worst. In one notorious case, water coming from a well located near a hazardous waste site was sold to many bottlers. At least one of these companies labeled its product “spring water”. In another case, H2O sold as “pure glacier water” came from a public water system in Alaska.Lisa Ledwidge, 38, of Minneapolis, stopped drinking bottled water a couple of years ago, partly because she found out that many brands come from a municipal supply. “You’re spending more per gallon than you would on gasoline for this thing that you can get out of the tap virtually for free,” she says. “I wondered, why am I spending this money while complaining about how much gas costs? But you don’t ever hear anyone complain about the price of bottled water.” Ledwidge says she now drinks only filtered tap water.(Reader’s Digest 2008)1.Which of the following is CORRECT as to bottled water?A.It’s tastier than sugary sodas.B.It’s healthier than tap water.C.It’s easier to access and take.D.It’s more expensive for its package.2.How does Eric Goldstein think about bottled water?A.It’s the pu rest drink around us.B.Its names and labels are out of date.C.It’s better protected and safer than tap water.D.Its quality may not fit to its advertisement.3.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that ________.A.municipal supply is the main source of bottled waterB.whether to lable the source depend on the bottlersC.bottlers must lable their bottled water supply sourceD.bottled water from Aquafina is safer than Dasani’s4.The two cases were mentioned by the author to ________.A.reveal the source of spring waterB.show the danger of waste sitesC.unveil the deception of labelsD.introduce the pure glacier water5.According to Lisa Ledwidge, ________.A.gas costs are higher than bottled water costsB.tap water is more economical than bottled waterC.bottled water has a price advantage over tap waterD.she prefers bottled water to the municipal supplyResearchers are trying to tell parents something about what kinds of video games children should be playing and how much time they should spend doing it. A new study concludes what you’ve already suspected: Young boys who play video games do worse on tests than children who don’t. Researchers who followed 64 boys from the ages of 6 to 9 for four months discovered that those who received a new PlayStation II gaming system earned lower reading and writing test scores than children who did not get the video game player. This comes on the heels of another recently reported study about video games, which concluded that kids who play violent video game become more aggressive and less caring — regardless of age, sex or culture — than young people who don’t play these games.The study on the effects of video games on schoolwork was conducted by Denison University Associate Professor Robert Weis and Brittany Cerankosky, who graduated from Denison in 2008. It is called “Effects of Video-Game Ownership on Young Boys’ Academic and Behavioral Functioning”, and will be published in Psychological Science.Boys who received the system also showed greater teacher-reported academic problems at follow-up than children in the comparison group. The researchers followed 64 young boys over four months. Parents of the 64 were promised a PlayStation II gaming system in exchange for their participation, plus three E rated games. But half the families were given the video gaming system immediately and half were promised if after four months. The children underwent a battery of tests before and after the four months and parents and teachers answered questions about how the boys behaved in school and at home.The conclusion show that, boys who were he first to get the PlayStations spent more time playing video games than the boys who didn’t get it immediately —39.3 minutes versus 9.3minutes. (The boys who didn’t get the gaming system right away played at a friend’s house). Boys who were given the PlayStation right away spent 18.2 minutes a day in after-school academic activities versus 31.6 minutes for the kids who weren’t. The boys who had the video games immediately achieved lower reading and writing tes t scores than those who didn’t. But the PlayStations seemed to have no effect on the boys’ math and problem solving skills.Cerankosky said in a statement on the Denison University Web site that there isn’t necessarily something inherent in video games tha t negatively affects kids. “It’s an activity that detracts from time that could be spent on schoolwork,” she said. If you are wondering why we needed a study to tell us that, the researchers say that conventional wisdom is not always accurate, and it is important to prove such beliefs through experimentation.(Washington Post 2010)6.Which of the following is CORRECT according to the first paragraph?A.The researchers call for a ban on children video games.B.Video games have less influence on girl’s performance.C.Evaluation is needed before buying children video games.D.The new PlayStation II gaming system is too violent to children.7.What can we learn from the follow-up study?A.All the 64 boys got a PlayStation II gaming system at start.B.Parents and teachers’ partic ipation contributed to the result.C.Children in the study were allowed to play games at class.D.Parents of the 64 boys were asked to buy their children video games.8.The study’s conclusions show that the PlayStations ________.A.are helpful in after-school academic activitiesB.have no direct influence on the boys’ math skillsC.can decrease the participants’ problem-solving skillsD.have no effect on the boys who didn’t get them firstly9.How does Cerankosky think about the video games?A.They negatively affect the child ren’s nature.B.They have no inherent influence on schoolwork.C.They can cause inaccurate conventional wisdom.D.They disorder the children’s time arrangement.10.What does this passage mainly talk about?A.The new PlayStation II gaming system.B.The academic performance of young boys.C.The study on video games and schoolwork.D.The negative effect of violent video games.Forget Black Friday. The real bargains this year are showing up on Cyber Monday, the first work day following Thanksgiving when people return to their offices, ignore the tasks at hand, and begin to surf the Internet in earnest for this year’s holiday gifts. Roughly 45% of online retailers expect their holiday sales to increase this year by at least 15% compared with 2008, according to the ind ustry group Shop. org. “People view the Internet as the place to save money and find the best prices through comparison shopping,” says Scott Silverman, Shop. org’s executive director.Online sales may be the lone sweet spot for retailers in this otherwise dismal economy. With double-digit unemployment and a foreclosure crisis that just won’t quit, consumers are expected to spend even less this season. Overall, the National Retail Federation expects consumers to spend an average of $682.74 on holiday-related gear, food, and gifts, compared with an average of $705.01 in 2008.While traditional retailers have had their ups and downs over the last decade, online sales have risen steadily since 1999. That’s when companies such as , Priceline, and eBay first rose to prominence, prompting Newsweek to proclaim that these three businesses had set out to “change the way you shop”. Since then, the sector has grown from a $4.6 billion industry to a $31.5 billion industry. “The story of the last decade is that there has been consistent 20% growth,”says Ken Casear, vice president of industry insights for the Nielsen Co., about online shopping.That growth may have something to do with online retailers’ willingness and ability to pass on their reduced overhead costs in the form of discounts to consumers. Roughly nine out of 10 online businesses recently surveyed by Shop. org planned to offer some type of promotion for Cyber Monday in the form of one-day sales, free shipping, and “deal of the hour” sales. Roughly 57% plan to offer free shipping this year; Target started waiving (推迟) shipping and handling fees on Nov. 1, a full two weeks before the promotion normally starts. This year, about 15% of all retailers will no longer require consumers to spend a certain amount of money to qualify for free shipping.F orm the retailers’ perspective, the best part about online holiday shopping is that its success is not measured on a single day. The results from Black Friday are often used to forecast consumers’ moods about the entire holiday season or, worse, the first quarter of the following year. By comparison, online holiday shopping remains steady throughout the month of December, says Andrew Lipsman, director of industry analysis for ComScore, a research firm. If there is a peak with holiday online sales, it happens over an entire workweek, usually between Dec. 10 and 15, he says.Even with this cheerleading over online sales, retail researchers acknowledge that e-commerce will never really usurp (取代) Black Friday. Online retail spending year-round —including spending on food, cars, and gas — still accounts for just 8% of retail sales overall, says Lipsman. “People like to get out into a store,” he says. “Black Friday is still a cultural phenomenon.”(Newsweek 2009)11.It can be concluded from the first paragraph that ________.A.Black Friday has lost its traditional meaningB.Cyber Monday means Thanksgiving dayC.online retailers may offer good bargainsD.Internet goes against firm’s routine tasks12.One cause for the National R etail Federation’s expectation of a consumer expenditure declineis ________.A.the online salesB.the quit of retailersC.the prosperous economyD.the high unemploymentpanies like Amazon. Com and eBay were mentioned to indicate ________.A.the ups and downs of traditional retailersB.the consistent rise of online shoppingC.the steadily growth of traditional retailersD.the retailers’ ad promotion on Newsweek14.For this year’s Cyber Monday, most online retailers will of fer the following EXCEPT ______.A.consumer discountsB.free shoppingC.one-day salesD.goods promotion15.We can infer from the retail researchers that ________.A.online sales will lead the retail marketB.online retail had no cultural meaningC.e-commerce is identical with Black FridayD.traditional shopping still holds the marketConsumers around the world want governments to stop haggling (争辩) and start acting on climate change, according to a survey carried out in 12 countries by a coalition of climate groups.Despite the looming prospect of a deep global recession, 43% of the 12,000 respondents of the survey chose climate change ahead of the global economy when asked about their current concerns. Worldwide, 77% of respondents wanted to see their governments cutting carbon by their fair share or more, in order to allow developing countries to grow their economies.The survey was carried out for the HSBC Climate Partnership, a collaboration between the international bank and climate NGOs including WWF, the Climate Group, Earthwatch Institute and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.Lord Stern, and adviser to HSBC on economic development and climate change and former adviser to the UK government, said: “This research demonstrates the need for decisive action on climate change. The urgent challenge is to build a framework for a global deal so that consensus can be reached in Copenhagen and the discussions in Poznan are a critical stepping stone to achieving this. Now is the time to lay the foundations of a new form of growth that can transform our economies and societies.”The r esults of the group’s climate confidence monitor are based on an internet questionnaire presented to 1,000 people each in 12 countries: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Malaysia, Mexico, UK and the US. The survey was conducted between mid-September and early October.Even in many emerging countries, people said their governments must reduce greenhouse gases — 62% of respondents in China said they should reduce emissions and only 4% said the country’s emissions should be a llowed to increase. In Mexico and Brazil, more than 80% wanted emissions cuts that tallied with (符合，吻合) their fair share of global targets — as high a level as in developed countries. In the US, 72% of people said their country should reduce emissions by at least as much as other countries.David Nussbaum, the chief executive of WWF-UK, said: “The current global economic crisis is a stark reminder of the consequences of living beyond our means. As the world looks to restore its economies we must build in long-term environmental as well as economic sustainability.”Steve Howard, chief executive of the Climate Group, a coalition of businesses and governments aimed at moving towards a low-carbon economy, said the survey showed that “politicians have the political will of the people behind them to come to an agreement on climate change. Politicians now have the support they need to seize this historic opportunity and secure a global deal on climate change.”(The Guardian 2008)16.According to Lord Stern, which form of growth is in need?prehensive growth.B.Balanced development.C.Sustainable development.D.Accelerated growth.17.What can we infer from Paragraph 6?A.The developing countries are not expected to be so active in emission cut.B.The developing countries shall cut as much emissions as the developed countries.C.The majority of the world population are in favor of the emission cut policy.D.People from the US are less active than those from the emerging countries.18.In Paragraph 7, the current economic crisis rings alarm for the following deeds EXCEPT ___.A.excessive consumption of energyB.development at the expense of natureC.excessive emission of carbon dioxideD.pre-mature consumption of goods19.The survey suggests that it’s time to make an agreement on climate change, because ______.A.there is a historic opportunityB.people’s support is in placeC.politicians have such kind of willD.delay may lead to serious result20.Which off the followings is the theme of the passage?A.It is more important to tackle climate changes than to develop economy.B.People call for a long-term environmental strategy to help restore our economy.C.Both developing and developed countries should cut down carbon emission.D.Politicians should reach an agreement on climate change issue as soon as possible.。
TEM4-2008
2008年英语专业四级考试试题PART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [120 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully and then answerthe questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the.following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.1. When is Anne available for the meeting?A. The third week of May.B. The third week of June.C. The eleventh of June.D. The eleventh of May.2. Their meeting will probably take place inA. London.B. Toronto.C. Mexico City.D. Chicago.3. When is Eric calling back?A. Thursday afternoon.B. Friday afternoon.C. Thursday morning.D. Friday morning.Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. According to the woman, advertisementsA. let us know the best product.B. give us sufficient information.C. fail to convince people.D. give misleading information.5. In the woman's opinion, money spent on advertisements is paidA. by manufacturers.B. by customers.C. by advertisers.D. by all of them.6. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?.A. The woman seems to be negative about advertising.B. The woman appears to know more about advertising.C. The man is to be present at a debate on advertising.D. The man has a lot to talk about on advertising.Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.7. Mr Brown brought with him only a few things becauseA. there wasn't enough space in the cupboard.B. the hospital would provide him with everything.C. he was to stay there for a very short time.D. visitors could bring him other things.8. According to the hospital rules, at which of the following hours can visitors see patients?A. 2:00 pm.B. 5:00 pm.C. 7:00 pm.D. 6:00 pm.9. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Patients have breakfast at 8.B. Patients have lunch at 12.C. There are special alcohol lounges.D. There are special smoking lounges.10. Which statement best describes Mr Brown?A. He knows little about hospital rules.B. He can keep alcohol in the ward.C. He knows when to smoke.D. He is used to hospital life.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and thenanswer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. Meeting rooms of various sizes are needed forA. contacts with headquarters.B. relaxation and enjoyment.C. informal talks.D. different purposes.12. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as part of hotel facilities forguests?A. Restaurants.B. Cinemas.C. Swimming pools.D. Bars.13. A hotel for an international conference should have the following EXCEPTA. convenient transport services.B. competent office secretaries.C. good sports and restaurant facilities.D. suitable and comfortable rooms.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. The museum aims mainly to displayA. the area's technological development.B. the nation's important historical events.C. the area's agricultural and industrial development.D. the nation's agricultural and industrial development.15. The following have been significant in the area's prosperity EXCEPTA. the motorways.B. the Roman road.C. the canals.D. the railways.16. We know from the passage that some exhibitsA. are borrowed from workshops.B. are specially made for display.C. reflect the local culture and customs.D. try to reproduce the scene at that time.17. The passage probably comes fromA. a conversation on the museum.B. a museum tour guide.C. a museum booklet.D. a museum advertisement.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. According to the speaker, safety in dormitory means that youA. insure all your expensive things.B. lock doors when going out.C. lock windows at night.D. take all necessary precautions.19. What does the speaker suggest girls do when they are going to be out late?A. Call their friends.B. Stay with their friends.C. Avoid walking in streets.D. Always take a taxi.20. What is the speaker's last advice?A. To take a few self-defense classes.B. To stick to well-lit streets at night.C. To avoid walking alone at night.D. To stay with their friends.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What happened during the New Year celebration in Thailand?A. Terrorists fought with Government troops.B. Thai troops killed terrorists.C. There were shootings.D. There were explosions.22. What has led to the violent situation in the south of Thailand?A. The Muslims wanted independence.B. Thai troops have been sent there.C. About 2000 people have been killed.D. There have been more bombings since 2004.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Under the national oil law, the Iraqi governmentA. will give more oil revenues to only a few provinces.B. will let provinces distribute their oil revenues.C. will distribute oil revenues according to population size.D. will distribute oil revenues according to security needs.24. The construction package is meant toA. help build more houses.B. help improve the country's economy.C. help more children to go to school.D. help more young people to get education.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. The joint committee will promote co-operation between Egypt and Spain in all the followingareas EXCEPTA. education.B. industry.C. investment.D. technology.26. What is this news item mainly about?A. The establishment of a joint committee.B. The trade relations between Egypt and Spain.C. The future trade volume between Egypt and Spain.D. The establishment of a joint business council.Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.27. According to the news, Japanese teenage womenA. are less violent than men.B. are less violent than before.C. are more violent than before.D. are more violent than men.Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.28. Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the news?A. Zimbabweans stayed away from voting.B. Zimbabweans were enthusiastic about voting.C. Only a few Zimbabweans turned up to vote.D. Zimbabweans believed that Mugabe would win.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. The news mentioned _____ reason(s) for the action taken by Indian telecom workers.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 430. According to the news, who among the following were NOT affected by telecom workers'action?A. Banks.B. Big companies.C. Long-distance callers.D. Government officials.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange (31)____ to use as money, (32)_____ in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an (33)_____ necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their (34)____, were used as money in some countries until recent (35)_____, and cakes of salt (36)____ buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Sea shells (37)_____ as money at some time(38)____ another over the greater part of the Old World. These were (39)___ mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the (40)___ from East to West.Metal, valued by weight, (41)____ coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries(42)_____ paper money. It can either be exchanged(43)____ goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, (44)_____ in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The (45)_____ of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old - older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.Nowadays, coins and notes have (46)____ nearly all the more picturesque (47)____ of money, and (48)____ in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial (49)____ such as weddings and funerals, examples of (50)____ money will soon be found only in museums.(31) A. object B. article C. substance D. category(32) A. but B. and C. so D. even(33) A. abstract B. advantageous C. abundant D. absolute(34) A. weight B. value C. role D. size(35) A. times B. events C. situations D. conditions(36) A. even B. also C. still D. never(37) A. had been used B. are used C. would be used D. would have been used(38) A. and B. but C. yet D. or(39) A. collected B. produced C. grown D. raised(40) A. city B. district C. communib D. continent(41) A. processed B. produced C. preceded D. proceeded(42) A. in spite of B. instead of C. along with D. in line with(43) A. against B. as C. in D. for(44) A. often B. seldom C. really D. much(45) A. earlier B.earliest C.better D.best(46) A. replaced B. reproduced C. reflected D. recovered(47) A. sizes B. shapes C. formats D. forms(48) A. while B. although C. because D. if(49) A. events B. gatherings C. occasions D. assemblies(50) A. original B. primitive C. historical D. crudePART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]51-55 DBDCB 56-60 CDCDB 61-65 ACDAB 66-70 DCADB ACDDB ACBAB51. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish ____ proposals in the near future.A. theirB. ourC. hisD. its52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now.A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get53. Nine is to three _____ three is to one.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what54. Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak.A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which55. ____ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment.A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Though much56. I enjoyed myself so much ____ I visited my friends in Paris last year.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where57. Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures were boring. C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.B. Half his money was gone. D. He invited many his friends to the party.58. When you have finished with that book, don't forget to put it back on my desk, _____?A. do youB. don't youC. will youD. won't you59. What does "He wisely refused to spend his money" mean?A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.C. He was short of money and didn't want to buy anything.D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.60. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____.A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was61. The following are all correct responses to "Who told the news to the teacher?" EXCEPTA. Jim did this.B. Jim did so.C. Jim did that.D. Jim did.62. Quality is ____ counts most.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where63. In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language.A. would makeB. had madeC. madeD. makes64. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times ____ the size of St. Peter's in Rome.A. /B. that ofC. which isD. of65. Which of the following sentences expresses "probability"?A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o'clock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.66. When he first started in university, he really felt at _____ with his major --- economics.A. shoreB. bankC. oceanD. sea67. On the road motorists should be aware of cyclists and be ____ towards them.A. considerableB. consideringC. considerateD. considered68. Sally was a bit shy, but the teacher found her quite ____ discussing a recent film with others.A. at homeB. at mostC. at houseD. at bean69. The company has capitalized _____ the error of judgment made by its business competitor.A. inB. overC. withD. on70. Tim has failed three courses this semester, so he will have to _____ them next semester.A. remakeB. repeatC. reapplyD. revise71. Keep this reference book; it may come in _____ one day.A. handyB. usefulC. convenientD. helpful72. The questions that the speaker raised were well ____ the average adult.A. pastB. onC. beyondD. through73. Teachers in this school were encouraged to use drama as a(n) _____ of learning.A. designB. instrumentC. agencyD. tool74. First, we need to find out what his scheme is, and then act _____.A. sensitivelyB. imaginativelyC. efficientlyD. accordingly75. At first Jim was not quite clear what he was going to do after university, but now he seems_____ on becoming a computer programmer.A. fitB. setC. disposedD. decided76. When invited to talk about his achievements+ he refused to blow his own _____ and declined to speak at the meeting.A. trumpetB. whistleC. bugleD. flute77. In spite of the treatment, the pain in his leg grew in______.A. gravityB. extentC. intensityD. amount78. Bus services between Town Centre and Newton Housing Estate will be _____ until themotorway is repaired.A. discontinuedB. suspendedC. haltedD. ceased79. The moon, being much nearer to the Earth than the Sun, is the ____ cause of the tides.A. principalB. basicC. initialD. elementary80. Teddy came to my ____ with a cheque of $200 to pay my room rate, after I phoned himthat my wallet had been stolen.A. attendanceB. assistanceC. rescueD. safetyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT AWhen the sun is up in Amsterdam, the largest city in the Netherlands sits quietly on theAmstel River. You can rent a bicycle, visit the Van Gogh or Anne Frank museum, or take a water taxi.But when the sun goes down, the partying begins. In the big clubs and in coffee shops,tourists gather to hang out, talk politics and smoke.Several areas of the city clearly show the two worlds that rule Amsterdam. And they're allwithin a short cab ride of each other.For example, Dam Square attracts daytime sightseers to its festivals, open markets, concerts and other events. Several beautiful and very popular hotels can be found there. And there is the Royal Palace and the Magna Plaza shopping mall.But as evening descends on Dam Square so do the party-seekers. Hip pop or funk music begins blaring from Club Paradiso and Club Melkweg. These are two of the most popular clubs in Europe. So if you come, be ready to dance. The clubs don't shut down until 4 am.And while you are there, check out the various inexpensive ways to tour the city. Don't worry about getting lost. Although Dutch is the official language, most people in Amsterdam speak English and are happy to help you with directions.And you'll notice that half the people in the streets are on bicycles. They rent for US$17 to $20 for a whole day.Amsterdam also has a good canal system. From anywhere between U852 and $9.50, you can use the canal bus or a water taxi to cruise the "Venice of the North".You can take in the picturesque canal house architecture: The rows of neat, narrow four-story dwellings of brownstone with large windows are well worth seeing. Many of them are several centuries old.You might also want to jump out of the canal bus at the Museum Quarter and start walking. Masterpieces by Dutch artists such as Rembrandt, Bruegel, Van Gogh and others are on display at the Van Gogh Museum, Rembrandt House and others.The city has an appreciation of its historic past. One place to visit is the Anne Frank House in Nine Streets. It was there that the young Jewish girl wrote her famous diary during World War II. Visitors can view Anne's original diary and climb behind the bookcase to the room where she and her family hid from the Nazis for two years.81. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates thatA. Amsterdam is generally known as a quiet city.B. parties go on all day long in Amsterdam,C. Amsterdam presents two different pictures.D. Amsterdam attracts many daytime visitors.82. Which tourist attraction is cited for elaboration in Paragraphs Four and Five?A. Royal Palace.B. Dam Square.C. Club Paradiso.D. Magna Plaza.83. According to the passage, the local people have all the following characteristics EXCEPTA. they are party goers.B. they show hospitality.C. they can speak English.D. they are fond of cycling.84. Which of the following adjectives can best describe Amsterdam as a tourist city?A. Modern.B. Delightful.C. Quiet.D. Historic.TEXT BIn an article some Chinese scholars are described as being "tantalized by the mysteriousdragon bone hieroglyphics." Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins in myths and legends of the past (in this case, Greek and Roman ones). The meaning of the verb tantalize is a very particular one: "to promise or show something desirable to a person and then take it away; to tease by arousing hope." Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a word's origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning. For tantalize the following explanation is given: [> Tantalus]. This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to find out the word's origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology, Tantalus was a king who was punished in the lower world with eternal hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in water that always moved away when he tried to drink it and with fruit on branches above him placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why his name was changed into a verb meaning "to tease or torment by arousing desire"?Another example is the word siren, familiar to us as the mechanical device that makes suchan alarming sound when police cars, ambulances, or fire engines approach. This word also has its origins in Greek mythology. The traveler Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) made his men plug their ears so that they wouldn't hear the dangerous voices of the sirens, creatures who were half bird and half woman and who lured sailors to their deaths on sharp rocks. So the word came to be associated both with a loud sound and with danger!When someone speaks of a "jovial mood" or a "herculean effort," he or she is using words with origins in mythology. Look these words up to find their meaning and relationship to myths.Many common words, such as the names for the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythology. Wednesday derives from the ancient Norse king of the gods, Woden, and Thursday was originally Thor's day, in honour of Thor, the god of thunder. As a matter of fact, all the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Roman mythology,including the planet that is farthest away from the sun and for that reason was called after the Roman god of the dead. This god has also given his name to one of the chemical elements.Several other elements have names that come from mythology, too.It seems that myths and legends live on in the English language.85. The purpose of the first sentence in Paragraph One is ____.A. to describe the work of some Chinese scholars.B. to arouse readers' interest in hieroglyphics.C. to lead readers onto the main theme.D. to link the preceding part to the present one.86. We learn from the passage, all English dictionaries include _____.A. legends.B. mythology.C. word origins.D. word definitions.87. The example of tantalize is to show _____.A. how the word came into existence.B. how Tantalus was punished in the lower world.C. how all English dictionaries show word origins.D. how the meaning of the word changed over the years.88. According to the passage, which of the following does NOT have origins in myths or legends?A. Jovial.B. Wednesday.C. Earth.D. March.89. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Greek and Roman Mythology in Language.B. Mythological Origins of English Words.C. Historical Changes in Word Meanings.D. Mythology and Common Words.TEXT CMy heart sank when the man at the immigration counter gestured to the back room. I’m an American born and raised, and this was Miami, where I live, but they weren't quite ready to let me in yet."Please wait in here, Ms Abujaber," the immigration officer said. My husband, with his very American last name, accompanied me. He was getting used to this. The same thing had happened recently in Canada when I'd flown to Montreal to speak at a book event. That time they held me for 45 minutes. Today we were returning from a literary festival in Jamaica, and I was startled that I was being sent "in back" once again.The officer behind the counter called me up and said, "Miss, your name looks like the name of someone who's on our wanted list. We're going to have to check you out with Washington.""How long will it take?""Hard to say ... a few minutes," he said. "We'll call you when we're ready for you." After an hour, Washington still hadn't decided anything about me. "Isn't this computerized?"I asked at the counter. "Can't you just look me up?"Just a few more minutes, they assured me.After an hour and a half, I pulled my cell phone out to call the friends I was supposed to meet that evening. An officer rushed over. "No phones!" he said. "For all we know you could be calling a terrorist cell and giving them information.""I'm just a university professor," I said. My voice came out in a squeak."Of course you are. And we take people like you out of here in leg irons every day."I put my phone away.My husband and I were getting hungry and tired. Whole families had been brought into the waiting room, and the place was packed with excitable children, exhausted parents, even a flight attendant.I wanted to scream, to jump on a chair and shout: "I'm an American citizen; a novelist; l probably teach English literature to your children." Or would that all be counted against me?After two hours in detention, I was approached by one of the officers. "You're free to go,"he said. No explanation or apologies. For a moment, neither of us moved, we were still in shock.Then we leaped to our feet."Oh, one more thing." He handed me a tattered photocopy with an address on it. "If you weren't happy with your treatment, you can write to this agency.""Will they respond?" I asked."I don't know --- I don't know of anyone who's ever written to them before." Then he added, "By the way, this will probably keep happening each time you travel internationally.""What can I do to keep it from happening again?"He smiled the empty smile we'd seen all day. "Absolutely nothing."After telling several friends about our ordeal, probably the most frequent advice I've heard in response is to change my name. Twenty years ago, my own graduate school writing professor advised me to write under a pen name so that publishers wouldn't stick me in what he called "the ethnic ghetto" --- a separate, secondary shelf in the bookstore. But a name is an integral part of anyone's personal and professional identity -just like the town you're born in and the place where you're raised.Like my father, I'll keep the name, but my airport experience has given me a whole new perspective on what diversity and tolerance are supposed to mean. I had no idea that being an American would ever b e this hard.90. The author was held at the airport because _____.A. she and her husband returned from JamaicaB. her name was similar to a terrorist's.C. she had been held in Montreal.D. she had spoken at a book event.91. She was not allowed to call her friends because _____.A. her identity hadn't been confirmed yet.B. she had been held for only one hour and a half.C. there were other families in the waiting room.D. she couldn't use her own cell phone.92. We learn from the passage that the author would _____ to prevent similar experience from happening again.A. write to the agencyB. change her nameC. avoid traveling abroadD. do nothing93. Her experiences indicate that there still exists _____ in the US.A. hatredB. discriminationC. toleranceD. diversity94. The author sounds in the last paragraph.A. impatientB. bitterC. worriedD. ironicTEXT DPublic speaking fills most people with dread. Humiliation is the greatest fear; self-exposure and failing to appeal to the audience come a close second. Women hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds.Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. If you were under pressure to be perfect, you are terrified of falling in the most public of ways.While extroverts will feel less fear before the ordeal, it does not mean they will necessarily do it better. Some very shy people manage to shine. When I met the British comedian Julian Clary, he was shy and cautious, yet his TV performances are perfect.In fact, personality is not the best predictor of who does it well. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself.Actual acting, as in performing the scripted lines of a character other than yourself, does not do the job. While politicians may limit damage by having carefully rehearsed, written scripts to speak from, there is always a hidden awareness among the audience that the words might not be true.Likewise, the incredibly perfect speeches of many American academics are far from natural. You may end up buying their book on the way out, but soon afterwards, it is much like fast food, and you get a nameless sense that you've been cheated.Although, as Earl Spencer proved at his sister Princess Diana's funeral, it is possible both to prepare every word and to act naturally. A script rarely works and it is used to help most speakers.But, being yourself doesn't work either. If you spoke as if you were in your own kitchen, it would be too。
TEM4解析
不多于六道，必须有。一般。
判断题
易
不多于六道，必须有。较多。
细节题
易
最多。
顺序： 1. 浏览所有题目，分类； 2. 按照细节，猜词，判断，推断，态度，主旨的顺序开始 做题；
问：我们找什么？ 答：找题干中的关键词，并划出来。
所谓关键词，分为显性关键词和隐性关键词。 显性：核心名词主语；生词；大写人名，数字， 年代（这些一般不会被同义改写） 隐性：谓语结构：动词或动词词组 （很可能会被同义改写）
例：100. What is the best title for the passage A. What is Emotional Intelligence? B. How to Develop Emotional Intelligence C. Strategies for Getting Rid of Foul Moods D. How to Control One‟s Gut Feelings
TEM 4 阅读解析
布局
听力，30分钟 完型，15分钟 语法，15分钟 阅读，25分钟 写作 45分钟
2
2
1 2 3
阅读的现状
阅读的普遍解题方法 阅读的复习计划
2
2
专业四级考试 阅读布局
Total: 4 Reading Paragraphs 3 Argumentations & 1 Narration
一、读题 二、读文 三、读句 四、读项 五、解题
问：我们读题的目的是什么？为什 么要先读题？ 答：确定题型，找关键词，带着问 题阅读。
题型 猜词题 （词义句 义指代题） 态度题 主旨题
特征 “… …” ( X,X )
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英语专业四级真题词汇精选TEM4 2008Group（1）available 可用的；可得到的I’ll send you all the periodicals available.我将把我能得到的期刊给你寄去。
sufficient 足够的，充足的We have gained sufficient experience to tackle this problem.我们已经有了足够的经验来处理这个问题。
convince 使相信，使明白Compulsion will never result in convincing them.强迫永远不会使他们信服。
mislead 给```错误印象，使误解He was entirely misled by her words.他完全误解了她的话。
debate 讨论，辩论We hammered out the question in friendly debate.在友好的辩论中我们弄清楚了这个问题。
cupboard 橱柜The sugar’s in the cupboard.糖在橱柜里。
lounge 休息厅，休息室，客厅We had coffee in the lounge.我们在客厅里喝咖啡。
ward 病房，病区He is in the surgical ward.他住在外科病房。
headquarters 总部，总店The bank has its headquarters in Paris.这家银行的总行在巴黎。
relaxation 消遣，娱乐It was the only place for off-duty relaxation.这是假日休闲的唯一去处。
Group（2）Historical 历史（学）的The book is based on historical events.这本书是根据历史事件写成的。
Canal 运河The ship is sailing towards Europe through the Suez Canal.这条船正通过苏伊士运河驶往欧洲。
Workshop 专题研讨会，讲习班He’ll chair a weekend workshop on polities.他将主持一次周末政治研讨会。
Booklet 小册子The newly published booklet breaks down into three parts.这本新出版的小册子分成三部分。
Precaution 预防措施I took the precaution of locking money in the safe.我把所有的钱都锁在保险箱里以防万一。
Terrorist 恐怖主义者，恐怖分子Many countries united to fight the terrorists.很多国家联合起来打击恐怖分子。
Revenue 收入，收益；财政收益；税收A government’s revenue and expenditure should be balanced.政府的财政收入和支出要平衡。
Joint 共同的，联合的Why not go in to the joint venture？为什么不去那家合资公司？Volume 体积；容积；容量Pressure varies directly with temperature and inversely with volume. 压力与温度成正比例变化，与容积成反比例变化。
Council 委员会，理事会The matter was debated in the Security Council of the United Nations. 这个问题在联合国安全理事会辩论过。
Group（3）Enthusiastic 满腔热情的，热心的；极感兴趣的She is an enthusiastic golfer.她非常热爱打高尔夫球。
Substance 物质Soil consists of various chemical substance.土壤有各种化学物质组成。
Abstract 抽象的Abstract nouns are usually uncountable nouns in English.英语中的抽象名词通常是不可数名词。
Abundant 大量的，充足的Rainfall is abundant in the region.该地区降雨充沛。
Precede 在…之前，先于The days that preceded were filled with activity.Proceed 前进；行进I was proceeding along the High Street in a northerly direction.我正在沿着大街向北走去。
Lump 块Break up these large lumps of dirt.把这些大泥块弄碎。
Ornament 装饰品，点缀品There’ s a lot of ornaments on the wall.墙上有许多装饰品。
Bronze 青铜This statue is made of bronze.这个雕像是青铜做的。
Picturesque 美丽的，有趣的，风景如画的You can see the picturesque shores beside the river.在河边你可以看到景色如画的两岸。
Group（4）Remote 远离的，遥远的；偏僻的At night I like to look at the remote stars in the clear sky.晚上我喜欢看晴朗的夜空中遥远的星星。
Ceremonial 礼仪的；仪式的The ceremonial symbols and observances attached to high office. 高职位人的礼遇与高职位相联的礼仪和典礼。
Assembly 集会，集合；集合的人们The National Assembly has（have）discussed the crisis.国民大会已经对这一危机进行了讨论。
Funeral 葬礼，丧礼The funeral made its way slowly through the silent streets.送葬的队伍缓缓地穿过肃静的街道。
Original 起初的，原来的The original settlers are the Indians.最早在这里定居的是印第安人。
Primitive 原始的，早期的Primitive man made himself primitive tools from stones and bones. 原始人用石块的骨头做原始的工具。
Historical 历史（学）的The book is based on historical events.这本书是根据历史事件写成的。
Consistent 一贯的，始终如一的She is a consistent girl in her feeling.在感情方面她是个始终如一的女孩。
Proposal 提议；建议They presented concrete proposals for improvement.他们提出了具体的改进建议。
Cyclist 骑自行车的人Pot holes can be lethal for the unwary cyclist.路上的坑坑洼洼使骑车的人一不小心就有致命危险。
Group（5）considerable相当大（或多）的It is a considerable sum of money那是一笔数量可观的钱considerate体贴的，体谅的We think that he is the most considerate person we have ever met我们认为他是我们碰到的人中最能体谅人的capitalize用大写字母写或印刷；将（某事物）转作资本，用作资本或资本化You should capitalize the first letter of each sentence每句首字母必须大写accordingly照着，相应地Please inform us of your decision and we will act accordingly请把你们的决定通知我们，我们会照着去办的disposed乐意……的，愿意……的After the way she treated me,I didn't feel disposed to help her既然她这样对我，我就不想帮助她了。
decline辞谢，谢绝（邀请等）We asked her to come to our party, but she declined我们请她来参加我们的晚会，但是她谢绝了trumpet喇叭，小号He is blowing a trumpet他正在吹喇叭whistle哨子，汽笛The referee blew a whistle at the end of the game裁判在比赛结束时吹响了哨子bugle军号，喇叭When the bugle is sounded, soldiers are lined in the ground军号吹响时，士兵们在场地上站齐Group（6）Flute 长笛Andrew’s flute was made of wood.安德鲁的笛子是木头做的。
Gravity 万有引力；地心引力；重力An apple falls down because of gravity.由于重力的关系，苹果往下掉。
Suspend 暂停，终止Both sides in the conflict have agreed temporarily to suspend hostilities.冲突双方同意暂时熄火Halt 使停下来Halt the engines；arrest the progress；halt the presses.使引擎停止；停止前进；停止压迫Cease 停止，终止，结束The storm has ceased.暴风雨停了Principal 最重要的；主要的Drinking is the principal cause of highway deaths.酗酒是公路死亡事故的最主要的原因Initial 最初的，开头的He started the business with an initial expenditure or initial investment of 500RMB. 他用500人民币的开办费或初期投资创办了此企业Attendance出席，参加，出席次数Darkness descended too soon.夜色过早将临。