动词不定式ppt课件
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史上最完整 动词不定式的用法ppt课件
A. getting
B. having got
C. being got
D. to get
解析：名词the way后跟有两个定语，一个是 定语从句Smith thought of， 一个是动词不定 式to get enough money to buy the new
house.
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5. The young assistant was noticed __C____ the bank alone last night.
All I could do was send him a telegram.
13
5.动词不定式作宾补 常跟动词不定式作宾补的动词有： （1）可接带to的不定式作宾补的动 词有：
ask, get, allow, forbid, prefer, force, inspire, advise, cause, tell, order, warn, teach, permit, wish, invite, encourage等
A. not to do
B. not do it
C. do not to
D. not to
解析：tell sb. (not) to do sth. 为了避免重 复，后面省略了surf the Internet.
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7. The party was successful, but we thought it a pity not __D_______ you.
2
1. 动词不定式作主语
有时候为了保持句子平衡，常用it 作形式主语，放到句首，而将作真 实主语的动词不定式放到句末。
It will take a whole day to get there by car.
动词不定式(12张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
She wants to play the piano. 她想弹钢琴。
Jim told me not to wake up Kate. 吉姆告诉我不要叫醒凯特。
语法透视
考点大观 易错辨析 通关训练
动词不定式的用法
2. 不带to的不定式结构。 (1) 在固定词组had better之后。注意：had better
—Mary is very generous. —Yes, she gave away all her money she owned
____ people in need. A. to help B. to helping C. helped D. helping
【解析】本句话意为“玛丽真是太慷慨了。是的， 她把她所有的钱都捐给了缺钱的人们”。表目的 用动词不定式，所以答案选A。
动词不定式的结构： to + 动词原形
语法透视
动词不定式的用法
考点大观 易错辨析 通关训练
1. 省to的不定式结构 (1) 能 直 接 跟 带 to 的 不 定 式 结 构 的 动 词 主 要 有 ：
want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop等。 (2) 动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not ，即not to do sth。
语法透视
动词不定式的用法
考点大观
3. 动词不定式作主语。动词不定式作主语可以放在 后面，而用it作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。
易错辨析 通关训练
To master a language is not an easy thing. 掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情。
初中动词不定式完整ppt课件
但有的动词（如：need, want, require等）后面接动名词或动 词不定式作宾语均可。
在It + be + 形容词（easy, difficult, expensive等） + 不 定式句型中，动词不定式常用it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语 放到句子后面。
作定语
动词不定式作定语时，要放在被修饰的名词之后，表示与这个名词有逻辑上的动宾 关系，即不定式动词可以修饰的名词应是它的表语或宾语。
误用动词不定式的时态和语态
动词不定式的时态和语态需要根据句子的语境和上下文进行判断，但在 实际使用中，学生往往容易忽略这一点，导致时态和语态的错误使用。
注意事项
注意动词不定式的正确性
在使用动词不定式时，要确保其形式 的正确性，包括时态、语态、逻辑主 语等方面。
注意上下文语境
多练习、多积累
掌握动词不定式的用法需要大量的练 习和积累，因此学生应该多做相关练 习，多阅读相关材料，以便更好地掌 握这一语法点。
例如
They were watching TV at this time yesterday.（昨天这 个时候他们正在看电视）
语态的转换
1 2
主动语态 表示主语是动作的执行者
被动语态 表示主语是动作的承受者
3
动词不定式的语态转换
将主动语态的不定式改为被动语态的不定式，一 般在不定式前加to be，并将不定式的逻辑主语 作为被动语态的主语
04
动词不定式的省略和倒装
省略情况
当动词不定式在句子中作宾语补足语，表示的是一次性 的具体动作，且句子的主语和不定式的逻辑主语一致时， 可以省略to。
当动词不定式中的动词是be、have、助动词或情态动 词时，可以省略to。
动词不定式讲解PPT课件
• 9. stop to do sth 停下来去做某事
• Stop to have a rest if you are tired
• 10. stop doing sth 停止做某事
• Although it rained heavily , the farmers didn’t stop working in the field 虽然 雨下得很大，农民们却没有停止在田间劳动
• 16. need \require doing sth 主动表被动
• The blackboard needs\requires cleaning黑板需要擦了
• 17. go on to do sth • 做完一件事后继续做另外一件不同的事 • 18. go on doing sth继续20做21 原来所做的同一件事
It's important (for us) to protect the environment.
(对我们来说)保护环境是很重要的。
• 注：当在描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如：
good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)， clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心
beginstartdosthbeginstartdoingsthlovehatedosthlovehatedoingsth202114practicefinishsuggestgiveupenjoymissbusymindcanthelpconsiderfeellikerememberwanttryneedforgetregrettrymeanrequirestop返回202116dosth记住要做某事youmustrememberdoorwhenyouleaverememberdoingsth记得曾做过某事rememberlockingfrontdoordosth忘记要做某事heforgotdohishomeworkyesterdayforgetdoingsth忘记曾做过某事forgotsayingdosth努力做某事hetriesanswereachquestiontrydoingsth试着做某事triedsingingenglishsong202117dosth打算做某事wemeantravelabroadnextyearmeandoingsth意味着meanswaitinghimanotherhourdosth停下来去做某事10stopdoingsth停止做某事rainedheavilyfarmersdidntstopworkingfield虽然雨下得很大农民们却没有停止在田间劳动11regretdosth对现在发生的事表示遗憾weregretinformyouyouowe我们很遗憾地通知你你欠银行100美元20211812regretdoingsth对发生过的事表示后悔heregrettedplayingcomputergames
• Stop to have a rest if you are tired
• 10. stop doing sth 停止做某事
• Although it rained heavily , the farmers didn’t stop working in the field 虽然 雨下得很大，农民们却没有停止在田间劳动
• 16. need \require doing sth 主动表被动
• The blackboard needs\requires cleaning黑板需要擦了
• 17. go on to do sth • 做完一件事后继续做另外一件不同的事 • 18. go on doing sth继续20做21 原来所做的同一件事
It's important (for us) to protect the environment.
(对我们来说)保护环境是很重要的。
• 注：当在描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如：
good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)， clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心
beginstartdosthbeginstartdoingsthlovehatedosthlovehatedoingsth202114practicefinishsuggestgiveupenjoymissbusymindcanthelpconsiderfeellikerememberwanttryneedforgetregrettrymeanrequirestop返回202116dosth记住要做某事youmustrememberdoorwhenyouleaverememberdoingsth记得曾做过某事rememberlockingfrontdoordosth忘记要做某事heforgotdohishomeworkyesterdayforgetdoingsth忘记曾做过某事forgotsayingdosth努力做某事hetriesanswereachquestiontrydoingsth试着做某事triedsingingenglishsong202117dosth打算做某事wemeantravelabroadnextyearmeandoingsth意味着meanswaitinghimanotherhourdosth停下来去做某事10stopdoingsth停止做某事rainedheavilyfarmersdidntstopworkingfield虽然雨下得很大农民们却没有停止在田间劳动11regretdosth对现在发生的事表示遗憾weregretinformyouyouowe我们很遗憾地通知你你欠银行100美元20211812regretdoingsth对发生过的事表示后悔heregrettedplayingcomputergames
初中英语动词不定式ppt课件
to
注： to只是一个符号，起结构作用，无任何实际意义
.
He told me not to close the door. He asked me not to close the door.
不定式的句式：
He told me to close the door. He asked me to close the door.
talking
to talk
特殊句式： 在find／feel＋it＋adj.＋ to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。 The man found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text．
It’s foolish _____ you to ask such silly questions. It’s important _____ me to learn maths well. It’s polite _____ you to knock on the door before you come in.
It’s easy to learn English.
It’s important to get up early.
It’s easy ______to learn English.
It’s important _________to get up early.
句型：It’s + adj+ of sb. to do sth.
返回
Have you got some pens to write with？
特殊情况: 如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系, 且动词是不及物动词, 切记不要忘掉后面的介词。 I have a small bedroom to live in．
注： to只是一个符号，起结构作用，无任何实际意义
.
He told me not to close the door. He asked me not to close the door.
不定式的句式：
He told me to close the door. He asked me to close the door.
talking
to talk
特殊句式： 在find／feel＋it＋adj.＋ to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。 The man found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text．
It’s foolish _____ you to ask such silly questions. It’s important _____ me to learn maths well. It’s polite _____ you to knock on the door before you come in.
It’s easy to learn English.
It’s important to get up early.
It’s easy ______to learn English.
It’s important _________to get up early.
句型：It’s + adj+ of sb. to do sth.
返回
Have you got some pens to write with？
特殊情况: 如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系, 且动词是不及物动词, 切记不要忘掉后面的介词。 I have a small bedroom to live in．
《动词不定式》课件
动词不定式作定语时，表示目的、 原因等意义
动词不定式的时态和语态
第四章
时态形式及用法
一般式：不定式的一般形式为to do，表示动作的一般情况
进行式：不定式的进行式为to be doing，表示动作正在进行
完成式：不定式的完成式为to have done，表示动作已经完成 完成进行式：不定式的完成进行式为to have been doing，表示动作 已经完成且一直持续到现在
常见问题解析
第六章
易混淆点解析
不定式作宾语与动名词作宾语的混淆 不定式作定语与动名词作定语的混淆 不定式作主语与动名词作主语的混淆 不定式作表语与动名词作表语的混淆
常见错误解析
不定式作为宾语补足语时， 动词后面缺少必要的介词
不定式作为主语或宾语时， 动词后面缺少必要的介词
不定式作为状语时，动词后 面缺少必要的介词
不定式作为定语时，动词后 面缺少必要的介词
练习与巩固
第七章
单项选择题
动词不定式作宾语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。 A. 对 B. 错 答案：A. 对
A. 对 B. 错
动 答 案 ：词A . 对 不 定 式 作 宾 语 补 足 语 时 ， 其 逻 辑 主 语 必 须 是 句 子 的 宾语。 A. 对 B. 错 答案：B. 错
A. 对 B. 错 答案：B. 错
动词不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。 A. 对 B. 错 答案：A. 对
A. 对 B. 错 答案：A. 对
动词不定式作定语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的宾语。 A. 对 B. 错 答案：B. 错
A. 对 B. 错 答案：B. 错
完形填空题
题目：动词不定式完形填空 内容：提供多个含有动词不定式的句子，要求学生在句子中填写正确的动词不定式形式 目的：帮助学生掌握动词不定式的用法和形式，提高语言运用能力 难度：根据学生水平设置不同难度的题目，包括简单、中等和困难等级别
动词不定式(47张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
说明 作主语用的不定式，常常用it作形式主语， 而把不定式放在后面。
My work is to clean the room everyday.=To clean 多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换作为
the room every day is my work.
主语。
—What sports does he like to play?—He likes to 只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的
prove/
tend/
offer/
expect等
款适合你
夯基·必备基础知识
① Although he pretended to surrender to the enemy , he failed to win their trust.
② I hope to finish it tomorrow .
3.see sth done 看见某事被做 重点看宾语和补语之间的逻辑关系
夯基·必备基础知识 5. 作补语
① I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动，完成)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
② I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.(主
夯基·必备基础知识 3. 作表语
注意：下列情况下不定式作表语通常省略to：
All you need to do now is complete the form. 你现在要做的是把这张表填好。
What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English.
英语语法-动词不定式PPT课件
-Yes. I think that’s 2 years ago.
√ a. sfeoerget/br.esmeeeimngberct.otodoseseth.
d. saw
forget/remember doing sth.
stop/go on to do sth
stop/go on doing sth
宾语
4. People eat to live, but not live to eat.
5. I have a lot to tell you.
6.
定语 It’s not right to be always thinking of oneself.
7. We often see him play football.
(目的) (目的)
（结果）
第5页/共22页
4.用作主语（这时可将其用形式主语it来替换） 1.To be an actress is my dream. It is my dream to be an actress. 2. To go abroad is his dream. It is his dream to go abroad. 3. To say is easy, to do is difficult. It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.
todo表示目的doctordidwhathecoulddo作定语如是不及物动词构成不定式短语作定语其后需接介词第21页共22页感谢您的观看
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形 “，有时可以不带to.
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中 不能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾 语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
动词不定式PPT课件经典实用
不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要的介词。 I’m looking for a hotel ___D______. A. stay B. stay at C. to stay D. to stay at
•动词不定式》PPT课件
He hasn’t got a house to live in
I have no pens to write __w_it_h___.
It is easy __fo_r____ her to learn English well. It is clever ___o_f ____ you to solve the problem.
•动词不定式》PPT课件
作主语
2、It takes sb. some time to do sth.
1、I hope to finish it tomorrow .
2、She plans to go and teach in the country.
•动词不定式》PPT课件
作宾语
2、动词＋疑问词+to do
1、我不知道接下来该做什么。
I don’t know__w_h_a_t_to__d_o___ next.
•动词不定式》PPT课件
3、结果状语
too + adj./adv. +to do sth. adj./adv. enough to do sth.
You are too young to do this job. He ran fast enough to catch the bus.
•动词不定式》PPT课件
It is our turn__to__c_l_e_a_n__th__e_c_l_a_s_s_r_o_o_m__. __
•动词不定式》PPT课件
He hasn’t got a house to live in
I have no pens to write __w_it_h___.
It is easy __fo_r____ her to learn English well. It is clever ___o_f ____ you to solve the problem.
•动词不定式》PPT课件
作主语
2、It takes sb. some time to do sth.
1、I hope to finish it tomorrow .
2、She plans to go and teach in the country.
•动词不定式》PPT课件
作宾语
2、动词＋疑问词+to do
1、我不知道接下来该做什么。
I don’t know__w_h_a_t_to__d_o___ next.
•动词不定式》PPT课件
3、结果状语
too + adj./adv. +to do sth. adj./adv. enough to do sth.
You are too young to do this job. He ran fast enough to catch the bus.
•动词不定式》PPT课件
It is our turn__to__c_l_e_a_n__th__e_c_l_a_s_s_r_o_o_m__. __
高中英语 语法 非谓语动词不定式的用法 课件 (共25张PPT)
alarm.
A. To sleep B. Sleeping
C. Sleep
D. Having slept
7. –You should have thanked her before you
left.
--I meant____, but when I was leaving I
couldn’t find her anywhere.
13. mrs. smith warned her daughter
____after drin .
a. never to drive b. to never drive
c. never driving
d. never drive
14. we agreed _____here but so far she
The next train to arrive is from Washington.
I want something to read.
It’s your turn to speak now.
It’s time to go to school.
1. He is lucky to get here on time. 2. Be careful not to catch a cold. 3. They started early so as to catch the
7. he is loo for a room to live in. 8. i study hard to serve the people well. 9. in order not to be late she took a bus.
常见带形式主语it的句型： 1. It is easy ( difficult, important, possible, necessary, good, kind, wise, foolish…) to do sth. 2. It is a pleasure (pity, crime, an honor…) to do sth. 3. It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.
《动词不定式》PPT课件
Do you have anything to say?
B) 不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代 词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主 语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常 用主动形式。
I have got a letter to write． 他需要一个房间居住.
He needs a room to live in．
但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time， place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上 要省去。 例如： He had no place to live． 他没地方住。
注②：当作定语的不定式所修饰的名 词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时， 不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被 动语态，但其意义有所不同。 试比较：
The room is big enough to hold us． 这间屋子够大能盛得下我们。
(6) 作表语
My job is to help the patient. 我的工作是帮助病人。
(7)作独立成分 To tell the truth，I don't agree
with you． 说实话，我不同意你的观点。
语法七
动词不定式
不定式的构成:
to+动词原形 ，其否定形式是 “not to do”， 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不 定式短语，没有人称和数的变 化，但有时态和语态的变化。
一.不定式的句法功能
不定式可作哪些成分?
主语、宾语、宾语补足语, 状语、表语 和定语，但不能单独作谓语。 不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for+名词 或代词宾格”构成。
2.)但如果强调句中的受事者时， 亦可用不定式被动句。例如：
The handwriting is very difficult to be read． 这箱子太重举不起来。
B) 不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代 词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主 语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常 用主动形式。
I have got a letter to write． 他需要一个房间居住.
He needs a room to live in．
但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time， place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上 要省去。 例如： He had no place to live． 他没地方住。
注②：当作定语的不定式所修饰的名 词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时， 不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被 动语态，但其意义有所不同。 试比较：
The room is big enough to hold us． 这间屋子够大能盛得下我们。
(6) 作表语
My job is to help the patient. 我的工作是帮助病人。
(7)作独立成分 To tell the truth，I don't agree
with you． 说实话，我不同意你的观点。
语法七
动词不定式
不定式的构成:
to+动词原形 ，其否定形式是 “not to do”， 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不 定式短语，没有人称和数的变 化，但有时态和语态的变化。
一.不定式的句法功能
不定式可作哪些成分?
主语、宾语、宾语补足语, 状语、表语 和定语，但不能单独作谓语。 不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for+名词 或代词宾格”构成。
2.)但如果强调句中的受事者时， 亦可用不定式被动句。例如：
The handwriting is very difficult to be read． 这箱子太重举不起来。
高中非谓语动词不定式课件(共144张PPT)
由此可见，连词在决定句子结构以及谓语动词和非谓语 动词的使用中起着关键的作用。
非谓语动词使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有 连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
opened (open) the door 1. The man took out the key, _________ and entered the room. reading (read) a book. 2. The man sat there, _________ Work (work) hard, and you will succeed. 3. _______ discussed (discuss) at the meeting 4. The question ___________ yesterday is of great importance. To improve 5. ___________(improve) his spoken English, Mr. Zhang goes to the English corner every Saturday.
非 谓 语 动 词
动词不定式 （to do）
动名词 (doing) 分词
现在分词 (doing) 过去分词 (done)
非谓语 动词 不定式 动名词 现在分词 过去分词
主语 √ √
宾语
表语
定语 √ √ √ √
宾补 √
状语 √
√
√
√
√ √ √
√
√ √
√
英语一句话中只能有一个主谓结构 如果出现更多动词： • 加连词（and / but / so…） • 放入从句 • 变为非谓语动词
3. 强调 不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生时， 用不定式完成式 to have written He is said _________________ (write) a novel last year.
动词不定式的用法PPT课件
• My job is to help the patient。我的工作是帮助病人
• 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例：
• His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 • My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 • Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。
•
I want you to go now. 我想让你现在就走。
•
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母
亲希望她当老师。
第16页/共33页
动词不定式做宾语补足语
• 2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语： • Let / make / have sb. do sth. • Let the boy go out now. 让那个男孩出去。 • The boy made the baby cry. 男孩弄哭了这个小
动词不定式做宾语
• *如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to” 例：
• He wants to go and have a swim with us. 他想和我们一起去游泳
• 若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短 语放在宾补后，用it作形式宾语。句型为：主语+find（feel,think belive,consider,etc）+it+adj\n+to do sth。
第20页/共33页
动词不定式做定语
• *动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具 有一种动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后 应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例：
• 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例：
• His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 • My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 • Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。
•
I want you to go now. 我想让你现在就走。
•
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母
亲希望她当老师。
第16页/共33页
动词不定式做宾语补足语
• 2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语： • Let / make / have sb. do sth. • Let the boy go out now. 让那个男孩出去。 • The boy made the baby cry. 男孩弄哭了这个小
动词不定式做宾语
• *如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to” 例：
• He wants to go and have a swim with us. 他想和我们一起去游泳
• 若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短 语放在宾补后，用it作形式宾语。句型为：主语+find（feel,think belive,consider,etc）+it+adj\n+to do sth。
第20页/共33页
动词不定式做定语
• *动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具 有一种动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后 应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例：
初中英语动词不定式 公开课 PPT课件 图文
• 如：
We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。 The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。
作表语
• My job is to teach the students. • His idea is to save their lives at once.
动词不定式
观察这些句子
• 1) He likes to read novels. • 2) I saw him come. • 3) We decided not to buy that house. • 4) It is interesting to fly a kite. • 5) Please let him not go there.
典型试题
1.It’s bad for your eyes B computer games too much.
A. plays B. to play C. play D. playing (作主语)
2. She was often heard C in the room.
A. singing B. sing C to sing D. sung (作感官动词的宾补, 变被动语态时，to要还原）
• What I ask him to do is to have his hair cut.
• What you can do is to close your mouth.
作宾语补足语
• 1．后面能接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask,
order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。
to do
to be done
We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。 The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。
作表语
• My job is to teach the students. • His idea is to save their lives at once.
动词不定式
观察这些句子
• 1) He likes to read novels. • 2) I saw him come. • 3) We decided not to buy that house. • 4) It is interesting to fly a kite. • 5) Please let him not go there.
典型试题
1.It’s bad for your eyes B computer games too much.
A. plays B. to play C. play D. playing (作主语)
2. She was often heard C in the room.
A. singing B. sing C to sing D. sung (作感官动词的宾补, 变被动语态时，to要还原）
• What I ask him to do is to have his hair cut.
• What you can do is to close your mouth.
作宾语补足语
• 1．后面能接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask,
order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。
to do
to be done
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构，特别是在不定式结构前有
否定词 not 时，通常可以在不定式符号 to 之前加上 in order 或
so as，如： He came here in order to see Charlie. He shouted and waved so as to be noticed. He went early in order not to miss the train. I turned the radio down so as not to disturb him. 注③：表示目的的不定式可以置于句首，这也是区别于其他功能的 标志之一 。但是，置于句首表示目的的不定式之前可以加上 in
3．某些能带不定式结构作状语的形容词，转化成名词时，也能带 不定式结构作定语，如： He was obviously anxious to go. → His anxiety to go was obvious. 4．不定式结构与所修饰的名词，有时意义上有着主谓关系或动宾 关系，如： He has a large family to support (= that he must support). 注：处于动宾关系的情况下，如果不定式是不及物动词，它后面应 加上必要的介词，如： She has a lot of things to attend to. The nurse has five children to look after. Let’s first find a room to put the things in. 5．有时为了明确不定式结构的逻辑关系，可以在不定式之前加上 for + 名词词组，如： Here’s a book for you to read. He gave orders for the visitors to be shown in.
注① ：如果作宾语的不定式结构有自己的补语，则应使用先行 it， 把不定式后置，例如： I find it difficult to understand him. We thought it wrong not to help her. They found it impossible to get everything ready in time. 注② ：不定式结构一般不可作介词宾语, 只有在个别场合, 即在含有 否定意义的带有介词 except 或 but (=except) 的结构中才能这样用， 例如： He seldom comes except to look at my pictures. The child did nothing except weep. She can do anything but sing. He will do anything for you except lend you money. They could do nothing but wait for the doctors to arrive. 注意不定式符号的省略问题！
三、不定式结构作动词宾语 1．“动词 + 带 to 的不定式结构”。这类动词常见的有：afford, agree, arrange, ask, choose, decide, demand, desire, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, continue, try, start, forget, mean, intend, begin, 等，例如： I’ve arranged to meet him at ten o’clock. I didn’t expect to find you here. 2．“动词 + 疑问词 + 带 to 的不定式结构”。（这种不定式结构接 近一个名词从句）。这类动词常见的有：tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget, inquire, know, explain, remember, see, understand, wonder 等。 疑问词（也称连接代/副词）有：what, where, who(m), when, how, whether, which（why 除外），如： I don’t know what to do / where to go / who(m) to ask / when to stop / how to get there. I haven’t decided whether to sell it or not. We must find out what to do next / where to put it.
2. 表示结果： What have I said to make you so angry? He came round to find himself in hospital.
不定式结构表示结果更常见于下列句型：
① so …as to … Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle / tell me the time? ② such (…) as to … I’m not such a fool as to believe that. ③ enough to … The boy is old enough to go to school. ④ too … to … His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters. 注意：下列句子中的不表示结果，也无否定含义： I’m only too glad to go. (= I’m very glad to go.) I shall be only too pleased to get home. (= I shall be very pleased to get home.) 〖 only too (adv.) 极; 非常; 太;很 〗
五、不定式结构作状语
不定式结构可以作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词等，表示目 的、原因、结果、条件等。 1．表示目的： They ran over to welcome the delegates. He bought a bicycle to go to town more quickly. He went home to see his mother. 注①：不定式结构表示目的时，通常句子的主语就是它的逻辑主语 (参见以上三句)，但也有例外的情况，例如： I stopped for him to speak to me. He opened the door for the children to come in. He brought a porter to carry the boxes / bags. They sent a man to mend the window. He stood up to be seen better.
order，但却不可以加上so as ，如：
To draw maps properly, you need a special pen. (In order to draw maps properly, you need a special pen.)
To get the best results, use clean water.
It’s kind of you to think so much of us.
It’s very nice of you to be so considerate. It’s unwise of them to turn down the proposal. It was careless of her to make such a mistake.
四、不定式结构作定语 1．不定式作定语通常只能放在被修饰的名词之后，如： It’s time to go to bed. He is not a man to bow before difficulties. Have you anything to declare? She usually has a lot of meetings to attend in the evening. I want to get something to read during the vocation. 2．能带不定式结构作宾语的动词，转化成名词时往往也能带不定 式结构作定语，如： I don’t wish to quarrel with you. →I have no wish to quarrel with you. They will attempt to cross the river tonight. → They will make another attempt to cross the river tonight. She promised not to do that again. → She made a promise not to do that again.
It’s a great pleasure to be here.
It is not an easy thing to master a language. 注②：这种后置不定式的结构也适用于某些谓语动词不是系动词 的句子，如： It took us five hours to get there. It made us very angry to hear him talk like that.
注③：不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下文或情景 中看出，也可以由“ for + 名词词组” 来表示，如：
It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.
It was difficult for me to do the work. 注④：某些形容词在上述结构中作表语时，常在不定式之前 加上 “of + 名词词组” 来说明不定式所指的是谁的情况， 如：
否定词 not 时，通常可以在不定式符号 to 之前加上 in order 或
so as，如： He came here in order to see Charlie. He shouted and waved so as to be noticed. He went early in order not to miss the train. I turned the radio down so as not to disturb him. 注③：表示目的的不定式可以置于句首，这也是区别于其他功能的 标志之一 。但是，置于句首表示目的的不定式之前可以加上 in
3．某些能带不定式结构作状语的形容词，转化成名词时，也能带 不定式结构作定语，如： He was obviously anxious to go. → His anxiety to go was obvious. 4．不定式结构与所修饰的名词，有时意义上有着主谓关系或动宾 关系，如： He has a large family to support (= that he must support). 注：处于动宾关系的情况下，如果不定式是不及物动词，它后面应 加上必要的介词，如： She has a lot of things to attend to. The nurse has five children to look after. Let’s first find a room to put the things in. 5．有时为了明确不定式结构的逻辑关系，可以在不定式之前加上 for + 名词词组，如： Here’s a book for you to read. He gave orders for the visitors to be shown in.
注① ：如果作宾语的不定式结构有自己的补语，则应使用先行 it， 把不定式后置，例如： I find it difficult to understand him. We thought it wrong not to help her. They found it impossible to get everything ready in time. 注② ：不定式结构一般不可作介词宾语, 只有在个别场合, 即在含有 否定意义的带有介词 except 或 but (=except) 的结构中才能这样用， 例如： He seldom comes except to look at my pictures. The child did nothing except weep. She can do anything but sing. He will do anything for you except lend you money. They could do nothing but wait for the doctors to arrive. 注意不定式符号的省略问题！
三、不定式结构作动词宾语 1．“动词 + 带 to 的不定式结构”。这类动词常见的有：afford, agree, arrange, ask, choose, decide, demand, desire, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, continue, try, start, forget, mean, intend, begin, 等，例如： I’ve arranged to meet him at ten o’clock. I didn’t expect to find you here. 2．“动词 + 疑问词 + 带 to 的不定式结构”。（这种不定式结构接 近一个名词从句）。这类动词常见的有：tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget, inquire, know, explain, remember, see, understand, wonder 等。 疑问词（也称连接代/副词）有：what, where, who(m), when, how, whether, which（why 除外），如： I don’t know what to do / where to go / who(m) to ask / when to stop / how to get there. I haven’t decided whether to sell it or not. We must find out what to do next / where to put it.
2. 表示结果： What have I said to make you so angry? He came round to find himself in hospital.
不定式结构表示结果更常见于下列句型：
① so …as to … Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle / tell me the time? ② such (…) as to … I’m not such a fool as to believe that. ③ enough to … The boy is old enough to go to school. ④ too … to … His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters. 注意：下列句子中的不表示结果，也无否定含义： I’m only too glad to go. (= I’m very glad to go.) I shall be only too pleased to get home. (= I shall be very pleased to get home.) 〖 only too (adv.) 极; 非常; 太;很 〗
五、不定式结构作状语
不定式结构可以作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词等，表示目 的、原因、结果、条件等。 1．表示目的： They ran over to welcome the delegates. He bought a bicycle to go to town more quickly. He went home to see his mother. 注①：不定式结构表示目的时，通常句子的主语就是它的逻辑主语 (参见以上三句)，但也有例外的情况，例如： I stopped for him to speak to me. He opened the door for the children to come in. He brought a porter to carry the boxes / bags. They sent a man to mend the window. He stood up to be seen better.
order，但却不可以加上so as ，如：
To draw maps properly, you need a special pen. (In order to draw maps properly, you need a special pen.)
To get the best results, use clean water.
It’s kind of you to think so much of us.
It’s very nice of you to be so considerate. It’s unwise of them to turn down the proposal. It was careless of her to make such a mistake.
四、不定式结构作定语 1．不定式作定语通常只能放在被修饰的名词之后，如： It’s time to go to bed. He is not a man to bow before difficulties. Have you anything to declare? She usually has a lot of meetings to attend in the evening. I want to get something to read during the vocation. 2．能带不定式结构作宾语的动词，转化成名词时往往也能带不定 式结构作定语，如： I don’t wish to quarrel with you. →I have no wish to quarrel with you. They will attempt to cross the river tonight. → They will make another attempt to cross the river tonight. She promised not to do that again. → She made a promise not to do that again.
It’s a great pleasure to be here.
It is not an easy thing to master a language. 注②：这种后置不定式的结构也适用于某些谓语动词不是系动词 的句子，如： It took us five hours to get there. It made us very angry to hear him talk like that.
注③：不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下文或情景 中看出，也可以由“ for + 名词词组” 来表示，如：
It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.
It was difficult for me to do the work. 注④：某些形容词在上述结构中作表语时，常在不定式之前 加上 “of + 名词词组” 来说明不定式所指的是谁的情况， 如：