2011年10月GCT串讲资料精华版

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2010年工程硕士GCT真题及答案解析

2010年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考第一部分语言表达能力测试(50题，每题2分，满分100分)一、选择题1．下面没有错别字的一句是A．光阴荏苒，岁月流逝，大学毕业到现在，转眼40多年过去了。

B．与李伯元火辣辣的挖苦讽刺不同，他对社会现实的批判是棉里藏针。

C．万里长堤锁住了桀傲不驯的江河，捍卫着沿江人民的生命财产安全。

D．日军攻占南京后，制造了震惊中外的“南京大屠杀”，30万同胞惨遭杀戳。

2．下面加点的词，意义相同的一组是A．①这种不良现象的产生往往是受狭隘．．利益驱动的结果。

②“边境有边，边贸无边”是对狭隘．．地域观念的否定。

B．①他似乎生性就很淡漠．．，对周围的人和事好像从不在意。

②刚刚有些淡漠．．的卢嘉川的影子，竟又闯入了她的心头。

C．①就是这样可怜．．的要求，范素云一年也难能满足儿子几次。

②他忙中出错当成抹布，可怜．．的白围巾成了深灰色的破布。

D．①我恍惚．．觉得此刻不是身在新疆，而是在江南的什么地方。

②他拖着铅一样沉重的脚步，神情恍惚．．地回到自己的家中。

3．下面各组成语中，加点字的意义四个都不相同的一组是A．沽名．钓誉徒有虚名．不可名．状师出无名．B．栉风．沐雨捕风．捉影移风．易俗附庸风．雅C．横生．枝节起死回生．无中生．有妙笔生．花D．动．人心弦兴师动．众动．辄得咎惊心动．魄4．下面各句中，没有语病的一句是A．为了彻底杜绝这种混乱现象不再发生，有关部门加大了管理力度。

B．我国经济的持续发展取决于各个领域改革开放是否能够不断深入。

C．这部小说所讲述的故事对于生活在都市里的年轻人而言并不陌生。

D．他的作品，不仅在国际上享有很高声誉，而且在国内也赢得了广泛赞誉。

5．下面各句中，语义明确、没有歧义的一句是A．星光公司和华威公司与数家国有企业签订了合作协议。

B．发现了敌人的哨兵迅速将情况报告给正在开会的连长。

C．对新闻媒体的意见和建议有关部门是应该认真对待的。

D．这家企业在一个月的时间里已生产出了200件新产品。

卓越语文讲义

三、如何应对
第一、对每个知识点考查的内容、形式、范围有一个清楚的了解。第二，理清解题思路，把握解题规律。第三，多做练习。
2
一切从学员出发，一切为学员着想
北京市海淀区中关村南大街 27 号中扬大厦二层（中国民族大学东门）
010-51658769
精致服务卓越品质
第二章汉字

A．失宠（偏爱）韬（显示）光养晦
B．爽（失）约
马革（皮）裹尸
C．舞蹈（顿足）既往不咎（过错）
D．龌龊（肮脏）不知端倪（头绪）
老骥伏枥（马槽）作茧自缚（捆绑）悲天悯（怜惜）人臭（难闻的）味相投
1. 下列各句中，加点词没. 有. 错别字的是 A. 满天的礼花此起彼伏，令人目. 不. 瑕. 接. B. 管理的缺失使员工精. 神. 焕. 散. ，纪律松懈
胴（tōng）体
恫（dòng）吓
纨绔（kù）子弟
B．忤（chǔ）逆扒（pá）窃
伉（kàng）俪
垂涎（xián）三尺
C．不啻（chì）谄（chǎn）媚
隽（juàn）永
稗（bài）官野史
D．刹（chà）那篡（cuàn）改
狙（zǔ）击
岿（kuì）然不动
2、下列没有错别字的一句是：GCT04
A．此事的处理要恰如其分，当心过尤不及
C. 翌. 日对弈. 肄. 业苦心孤诣. 雄关险隘.
GCT06。
一切从学员出发，一切为学员着想
5
北京市海淀区中关村南大街 27 号中扬大厦二层（中国民族大学东门）
010-51658769
精致服务卓越品质

C. 述职报告应当既客观翔实，又言. 简. 意. 赅. D. 超女大赛风. 糜. 一. 时. ，有些人却嗤之以鼻

十月联考串讲六(11年9月)

在职联考英语强化班串讲（六）写作写作•大纲要求•应具备基本的英语书面表达能力，能够根据所给的提纲、情景或图表按照要求写出响应的短文。

所写短文要求主题明确，条理清楚，语言比较规范。

写作速度应当达到每小时240词以上。

•题型规定•本部分采用提纲、情景或图表作文的考试形式。

考生应按照要求写出一篇120词以上的英语短文。

•分值：15分•时间：30分钟议论文写作过关秘决写作备考误区•1、机械背诵范文；•2、忽视单句写作；•3、单纯依赖押题；•4、只动脑不动手。

2008年•Part Ⅵ writing (30 minutes, 15 points)•Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title “Can Interne t Take the Place of Paper Media?” You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:•现在上网阅读的人越来越多，人们可以更快地从网上读到新闻，找到他们所需要的信息或下载文学作品。

•1、你认为网络是否能最终代替书刊报关联词语首先，第一First of all above allIn the first place to begin /start withFor one thing其次，再次In addition in the second/third placeFor another what’s more最后，总之At last in short in a wordIn conclusion to sum up in the last place At length•个人观点: in my opinion, to me, for me, as to me, as far as I’m concerned年份话题词汇•第一类 “社会热点”•父母与孩子的“代沟”问题；电视广告效果讨论；全球化趋势、北京与2008年奥运会、西部开发、假日经济、盗版、人口问题、城市交通、就业、下岗、住房、环境污染、能源危机、水资源、婚姻、犯罪、网络经济、人才流失、宠物热、诚信问题、私人汽车、和谐社会等。

GCT(逻辑分析)36.doc

GCT(逻辑分析)36(总分：50.00，做题时间：45分钟)一、选择题(总题数：50，分数：50.00)1.前几年的音象市场上，正版的激光唱盘和影视盘销售不佳，而盗版激光唱盘和影视盘却屡禁不绝，销售非常火爆。

有的分析人员认为，这主要是因为价格上盗版盘更有优势，所以在市场上更有活力。

以下哪项是这位分析人员在分析中隐含的假定?（分数：1.00）A.知识产权保护对盗版盘的打击使得盗版盘的价格上涨。

B.与价格的差别相比，正版与盗版的质量差别不大。

C.盗版的激光唱盘和影视盘比正版的盘进货渠道通畅。

D.正版的激光唱盘和影视盘不如盗版的盘销售网络完善。

2.在亚太经济合作中，经济技术合作搞不好，贸易投资自由化也必然受到很大制约。

亚太经合组织成员间经济发展程度有很大不同，人均国民生产总值最低与最高相差在几十倍以上。

只有大力加强经济技术合作，才能为发展中成员创造更多的发展机会，并扩大市场，使它们逐步缩小与发达成员间的经济差距。

因此（分数：1.00）A.经济技术合作比贸易投资自由化更重要B.经济技术合作只对发展中成员有利C.发达成员反对经济技术合作D.经济技术合作，既是发展中成员的要求，也有利于发达成员开拓商品市场3.业余兼课是高校教师的实际收入的一个重要来源。

某校的一项统计表明，法律系教师的人均业余兼课的周时数是3.5，而会计系则为1．8。

因此，该校法律系教师的人均实际收入要高于会计系。

以下哪项如果为真，将削弱上述论证? I．会计系教师的兼课课时费一般要高于法律系。

II．会计系教师中当兼职会计的占35％；法律系教师中当兼职律师的占20％。

III．会计系教师中业余兼课的占480％~法律系教师中业余兼课的只占20％。

（分数：1.00）A.I、II和III。

B.仅I。

C.仅II。

D.仅I和II。

4.人文社会科学与自然科学在更高层次上具有统一性和共同性。

在我国人文社会科学领域，许多伪劣产品是在人文社会科学与自然科学的学术规范不同的借口之下生产出来、甚至受到好评的。

【GCT真题-GCT历年真题】2011年GCT真题-2011年GCT考试真题及答案(含语文、数学、英语、逻辑4科)

2011 年GCT 考试真题及答案（语文）第一部分语言表达能力测试（50题，每题2分，满分100分）一、选择题1 下面没有错别字的一句是48.三国时代，英雄倍出，人才挤挤。

49.做学问既不能急于求成，又不能墨守成规。

50.守军指挥官被敌人三翻两次的挑衅激怒了。

51.有志者，事竟成，破釜沉舟，百二秦关终属楚。

2.下面加点的词，意义相同的一组是A．①这种瓷器比较粗糙。

赶不上江西瓷。

．．②这篇译稿大粗糙，你重新润色一下。

．．B．①墙壁粉刷以后，屋里变的亮堂多了。

．．②问题搞清楚以后，他心里亮堂多了。

．．C．①对方的请求刚说完，他就痛快的答应了。

．．②看着大坝工程一天一个样，心里真痛快。

．．D．①海峡是海洋中连接两个相邻海区的狭窄水道。

．．②枝上排列着两列小叶，腹叶狭窄，背叶宽大。

．．3．下面各句中加点成语使用不恰当的一句是A．从这次测试的情况来看，大家的计算机水平良莠不齐。

．．．．B．爱琴海的海岸线非常曲折，港湾众多，岛屿星罗棋布。

．．．．C．球队虽没能出线，介在比赛中的表现还是差强人意的。

．．．．D．自古及今，《楚辞》的评注和研究著作可谓汗牛充栋。

．．．．4．下面各句中没有语病的一句是A．或许有一天我们将会知道究竟这里发生了什么，以避免这种悲惨事件不再发生。

B．我从小学习钢琴，音乐带给我许多别的孩子永远也无法体验到的感受。

C．凤凰电视台在美落地，该台总裁表示凤凰卫视将继续扮演中美之间友谊的桥梁。

D．你是我最心爱的人，这些年虽然我们不在一起，但我却无时无刻都在思念着你。

5．下面各句中没有歧义的一句是A．他走了三小时了。

B 买房了就送家具。

C．县里来了工作组。

D 在邮局里寄包裹。

6．下面关于文史知识的表述，错误的一项是A．中国古代思想史上，“陆王学派”的代表是明代陆九渊和王阳明。

B．苏轼是著名书法家，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称“宋四家”。

C．欧洲中世纪流行的骑士文学，一般以歌颂爱情为主，多从古希腊、古罗马帮事取材。

GCT逻辑复习

例10
在一次比赛中，甲乙丙丁四人名列前四名，但具体名次不知道。已知条件：
1）如果乙是第二名，那么甲是第一名；
2）如果丁是第三名，那么甲是第一名；
3）甲不是第一名。
如果上面的条件中只有一个为真，那么名次顺序是什么？
五、归纳推理和类比推理
1、归纳推理：
2、类比思维：
六、因果思维
二、题型总结
如果林肯的上述断定是真的，那么下述哪项断定是假的?
A．林肯可能在任何时候都不受骗
B．骗子也可能在某个时刻受骗
C．不存在某个时刻所有人都必然不受骗
D．不存在某一时刻有人可能不受骗
例2
甘蓝比菠菜更有营养。但是，因为绿芥兰比莴苣更有营养，所以甘蓝比莴苣更有营养。
以下各项，作为新的前提分别加入到题干的前提中，都能使题干的推理成立，除了
以下哪项如果为真，最能支持医生的结论？
A、服用番茄红素的乳腺肿瘤患者的年龄在35 — 55岁之间。
B、服用番茄红素的乳腺肿瘤患者中有少数人的病情相当严重。
C、还有一组相似的等候手术的乳腺肿瘤患者没有服用番茄红素胶囊，他们的肿瘤没有缩小。
D、番茄红素不仅存在于西红柿中，也存在于西瓜、葡萄等水果中。
以下结论哪一个是正确的？
A．张三是罪犯，李四和王五情况不明。
B．张三和李四是罪犯，王五情况不明。
C．王五是罪犯，张三和李四情况不明。
D．李四是罪犯，张三和王五情况不明。
二、推理形式
例1
有些台独分子论证说：凡属中华人民共和国政府管辖的都是中国人，台湾人现在不受中华人民共和国政府管辖，所以，台湾人不是中国人。
概念思维的核心就是关于概念外延之间的关系。

2010年GCT串讲内部资第二部分英语

2010年GCT串讲内部资料第二部分（英语）注意：语法知识的掌握绝对不是仅仅为了10道语法题，而是服务于整张试卷。

1.速度2.欺软怕硬语法（易）对话（易）完形、阅读（技巧性强）1.动词（时间性和主动被动）非谓语2.从句(定语从句，状语从句，名词性从句)3．三大结构（虚拟语气，强调从句，倒装）非谓语动词1.____a reply, he decided to write a letter to her again.A. Not receivingB. Not having receivedC. Having not receivedD. Not received2.He is said ___ to London yesterday.A. having sentB. to be sendingC. to have been sentD. being sent3.This is the problem ___ at the meeting now.A. discussedB. being discussedC. to praiseD. praise4.My teacher was made ___ his teaching because of poor health.A. giving upB. to give upC. given upD. give up5. When _____help, one often says, “Thank you.”Or “It’s kind of you.”A. offeringB. to offerC. to be offeredD. offered6.The sentence wants ___once more.A explained B. explaining C. being explained D. to explain7. There seems to be nothing else to do but ___ a doctor.A to call on B. call for C. send for D. to send for8.Our teacher suggested ____ a discussion about the subject.A . should have B. to have C. having D. have9.You’d better ___ her the bad news now.A. don’t tellB. not tellC. won’t tellD. not to tell10. The report was so ____ that they were all ___.A. inspirited , excitingB. inspiriting, excitedC. inspirited , excitedD. inspiring, exciting11.To answer correctly is more important than ___ quickly.A. that you finishB. finishingC. to finishD. finish12.I’m considering ____ your offer.A. to have acceptB. being acceptedC. acceptingD. to accept13.Stop ___ a fool of yourself by ____ such a thing.A. to make , to doB. making, to doC. making, doingD. to make, doing14.Does your shirt require ___, sir?A to be pressing B. to be pressed C. to press D. being pressed15.The form needs ___ in ink.A. filledB. being filled outC. to fill outD. filling in16. He had no difficulty ____ the problem.A. working outB. having worked outC. to have worked outD. to work out17.He didn’t like ____ like that.A being laughed at B. laughing at C. having laughed at D. to laugh at18._____ill worried my parents greatly.A I fell B. Me falling C. My falling D. I falling19.When I saw so many people ___ in front of me, my heart couldn’t help_____.A. seated, beatingB. sit, beatenC. seating, beatingD. sitting, beat20.The glass of water is too hot. I prefer some cold ______water.A. to boilB. having boiledC. boiledD. boiling21.It is not good for you to lie in bed _____.A. readB. and readingC. to readD. reading22.Although he tried, Bob still couldn’t make himself _____.A. being heardB. hearingC. heardD. hear23.She felt ______ when the actress appeared.A. excitedlyB. excitingC. exciteD. excited24.Are you interested in going to university? Yes, I ____.A. doB. like very muchC. would like toD. would like25.______ the room temperature, he added some coal into the stove.A. Kept upB. So as to keep upC. Keep upD. In order to keep up26.Tom____ when they talked about him.A happened to be passed B. happened to be passingC. happened passingD. happened to be past27.We started so early _____ get there before noon.A. thatB. as toC. so as toD. in order to28.Have you got enough room ____ all of us ?A. to be heldB. heldC. to holdD. holding29.Mr Smith is the very doctor for you ____.A. to send forB. sent forC. sending forD. to be sent for30．She is said a doctor now.A. to beingB. for beingC. to beD. being31. When I saw him ,he was busy with the guests.A. to talkB. talkingC. talksD. talked32. The lady was watched her room in silence.A. had leftB. leftC. leaveD. to leave33. I heard the girl in her room this time last night.A. was singing B to sing C. sing D. singing34. more attention ,the trees could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given35. He was proud of to the party.A. to be invitedB. to inviteC. being invitedD. invited36. My watch was out of order, it needed .A. being repairedB. to repairC. to be repairedD. repair37. the news , he was very happy.A. To hearB. HearingC. HeardD. Hears38. the child to bed, she began to correct the students’ exercises.A. SendingB. Being sentC. SentD. Having sent39. “You can’t catch me!”Janet shouted, _____away.A. runB. runningC. to runD. ran40.He pretended me.A. not to knowB. knowingC. to not knowD. to be known41.The big tower in the Tang dynasty broke down last week.A. builtB. being builtC. being buildingD. to build42. , ice changed into water.A.When heatingB.When to heatC.When heatedD.When be heated43.He had nothing to do but in bed.A. to sleepB.sleepingC.sleepD.slept44. at the news, they couldn’t help letting out a cry.A. surprisedB.SurprisingC.To surpriseD.That being surprised45.-What’s made you so upset? －my new bike.A. Lost B .Because lost C. Losing D.To lost46.She reached the top of the hill and stopped on a big rock.A.to have restedB.to restC.restingD.rest47.－The light in the office is still on. －Oh, I forgot .A.turning it offB.turn it offC.to turn it offD.having turned it off48. from the top of the mountain, our city looks more beautiful.A.SawB.SeeingC.To seeD.Seen49. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _____a look at the sports stars.A. hadB. havingC. to haveD. have50.I would appreciate back this afternoon.A. you to callB. you callC.your callingD.you’re calling51.There isn’t any difference between the two, I really don’t know .A.what to chooseB. which to chooseC.to choose whatD.to choose which52.She had no trouble that novel into English.A. to translateB. on translatingC. translateD. in translating53. He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left.A. to findB. findingC. foundD. to have found54.Tom was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes .A. openB. to be openedC. to openD. opening55.He used to in the countryside but now he’s got used to in the noisy area.A. live ,liveB. to sayC. living , livingD. live , living倒装、省略与强调句1. Tired ___ he was, he went on working.A althoughB asC becauseD for2. Only then ____ realize that he was wrong.A he didB he doesC did heD does he3. Not until all the fish died in the river____ how serious the pollution was.A did the villagers realizeB the villagers realizedC the villagers did realizedD didn’t the villagers realize4. ________ does the little girl eat in bed.A CertainlyB SometimesC SeldomD Once5. Mary had to work at evenings and weekends. Only in this way _____ able to complete the report by the deadline.A she wasB was sheC were sheD she were6. _____________, she doesn’t get up without her mother’s help every morning.A As she is a teenageB As she is teenageC A teenage as she isD Teenage as she is7. Had he worked harder, he ____ the exams.A would get throughB could get throughC would have got throughD must have got through8. At no time ____ actually ____ the rules of the game.A they, brokeB they, did breakC did they, breakD did they, broke9. At the gate ____ a soldier ____ uniform.A lying, inB lain, wornC laid, dressingD lay, in10 So loudly ____ that every one of the class could hear him.A did he speakB did he spokeC spoke heD he spoke11 The door opened and _________.A came in a woman with a baby in her armsB in came a woman with a baby in her armsC in did a woman come with a baby in her armsD did a woman with a baby in her arms come in12 ______ more time, we could have finished the work.A To giveB To be givenC GivingD Given13. It was Doctor Li ____ called you when you were out yesterday afternoon.A whomB thatC whichD where14. It is ____ that am responsible for the accident.A IB youC heD she15 What was it ____ they were discussing at that meeting?A whatB whoC thatD which16. Was _____ that I saw last night at the concert?A it youB not youC youD that yourself17. It was ____ he said ____ disappointed me.A what, thatB that, thatC what, whatD that, what18. It was in the factory ____ produced TV sets ____ our friend was murdered.A which, whichB that, whichC that, thatD where, that19. It was after he got what he had desired ____ he realized it was not so important.A thatB whenC sinceD as20. It was only when I reread his poems recently ______ I began to appreciate their beauty.A untilB thatC thenD so定语从句1. The day ____you are looking forward to will certainly come.A. in whichB. whenC. whichD. what2. Is oxygen the only gas _____helps fire burn.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. it3. Those ____not only from books but through practice will succeed.A. who learnB. whoC. who learnsD. learn4. It is the second time ____you have made such a mistake.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. when5. Please pass me the book ____cover is green.A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. who6.This is the highest building _____ he saw the other day..A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that7. That tree, the branches ___are almost bare ,is a very old one.A. whoseB. in whichC. on whichD. of which8. What especially impressed us was the way ____our teacher studied foreign language.A /B whichC by whichD what9. The students in Tianjin are using the same teaching books _____we are now using.A whoseB thatC whichD as10. Jim passed the driving test, ___ surprised everyone in the office.A. whichB. thatC. thisD. it11. ___ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A. WhenB. AfterC. AsD. Since12. Tom ate all_______ was good for his health.A. thatB. asC. thanD. what13. He was on the top of the building _________ he could see what was happening.A. whichB. from where C from that D. where14. She wore, _______ was very uncommon in the country, a red garment.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. it15.______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What16. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that17. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others , _______ , of course , made the others envy him .A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which18. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80%____ are sold abroad .A．of which B．which of C．of them D．of that19. I have many friends, some ________ are businessmen.A. of themB. from whichC. who ofD. of whom20. I walked in our garden, ___ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. that21.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _____ Chinese in the school, most ___ were from Germany.A. study, of whomB. study, of themC. studying, of themD. studying, of whom22. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed.A. of thatB. of whichC. thatD. which23. We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of ______ are healthy.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whomst week, only two people came to look at the house, ______ wanted to buy it.A. none of themB. both of themC. none of whomD. neither of whom25.His movie won several awards at the film festival, _______ was beyond his wildest dream.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it26.The weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect.A. whatB. whichC. that D .it27.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. when28.Carol said the work would be done by October,_____ personally I doubt very much.A. itB. thatC. whenD. which29.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________ ,of course , made the others unhappy.A．who B．which C．this D．what30.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable.A which price B. its priceC. the price of whichD. the price of whose31._____ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.A AsB .It C. That D. Which32.The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A untilB .that C. when D. where33.I don’t like _____ you speak to her.A the wayB .the way in thatC .the way which D. the way of which名词性从句( )1. The news has spread all over the country ______ the spaceship succeeded in returning to the earth.A. thatB. whichC. whetherD. what( )2. What the doctor is uncertain about is ______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A. whenB. howC. whetherD. why( )3. ---I can’t find Mr. Sm ith .Where did you last see him this morning?---It was in the hotel ______ he stayed.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. since( )4. Everything depends on ______ they will support you about it.A. ifB. whichC. whetherD. that( )5. After ten years, she changed a lot and looked different from______ she used to be.A. thatB. whomC. whatD. who( )6. I know nothing about the young lady--- ______ she is from Being.A. exceptB. except forC. except thatD. besides( )7. The question came up at the meeting ______we had enough money for our research.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whether( )8. _____ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It( )9. Mary wrote an article on ______ the team had failed to win the game.A. whyB. whatC. whoD. that( )10. __ __ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of youre-mail account.A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires( )11. John left word with my secretary __ ___ he would call again in the afternoon.A. whoB. thatC. asD. which( )12. I want to know ______ the thief was caught on the spot.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether( )13. Along with the letter was his promise ___ __ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether( )14. A computer can only do ______ you have instructed it to do.A. howB. afterC. whatD. when( )15. Information has been put forward ______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. while B that C. when D. as( )16. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ______.A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is( )17. _____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where动词的时态和语态1. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _____ the Pacific, and we met no storms.A. was calledB. is calledC. had been calledD. has been call2. All the employees except the manager __________ to work online at home.A. encouragesB. encourageC. is encouragedD. are encouraged3. ---- Why did you leave that position?--- I ___________ a better position at IBM.A. offerB. offeredC. am offeredD. was offered4.He said he ____the League for two years.A. has joinedB. has been in C .had been in D. joined5.Some flowers ____by Kate already.A. have been wateredB. wateredC. have wateredD. has been watered6. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister’s car.A. has beenB. was beingC. had beenD. would be7.He____from home for a long time.A. has gone awayB. had gone awayC. has leftD. has been away8.Mr.Smith____here since he moved to his city.A. had livedB. have liveC. have livedD. has lived9. Only when your identity has been checked, ______________.A. you are allowed inB. you will be allowed inC. will you allow inD. will you be allowed in10.She won’t go to the cinema if she ____the work tomorrow.A. doesn’t finishB. won’t finishC. will finishD. finish11. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to _____________ before the party.A. get changedB. get changeC. get changingD. get to change12. I feel it is your husband who ____________ for the spoiled child.A. is to blameB. is going to blameC. is to be blamedD. should blame13. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _____ in our city.A. are put upB. have put upC. have been putD. have been put up14. The children ____ a beautiful picture by the teacher in the classroom.A. were shownB. were shown toC. was shownD. was shown to15. A beautiful picture ____ the children in the classroom.A. were shownB. were shown toC. was shownD. was shown to16. Mr Brown ____ take the medicine twice a day.A. told toB. was told toC. toldD. was told17. The boys ____ copy the new words ten times before they went home.A. were madeB. were made toC. was madeD. was made to18. Mary ____ do morning exercises on the playground.A. saw toB. was saw toC. was seen toD. was seen19. A man ____ cry for help last night.A. was heard toB. was heardC. was hear toD. heard to20. Tom ____ watch TV after he finishes his homeworkA. will let toB. will be allowedC. will be letD. will be allowed to.情态动词和虚拟语气1.Michael____be a policeman, for he’s much too short.A. needn’tB. can’tC. shouldn’tD. won’t2.Amy did best in the English test. She ____hard last week.A. must have workedB. should have workedC. should workD. must work3. —I sent the child alone and he got lost. —You ____with him.A. should doB. should have goneC. must goD. would have gone4.He____you more help, even though he was very busy.A. should have givenB. might giveC. may have givenD. may give5.If he had worked harder, he_____.A. would succeedB. had succeededC. should succeedD. would have succeeded6.—The experiment had failed.—I suggest you _____ again.A. tryB. tryingC. will tryD. would try7.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_____.A. breaksB. had brokenC. were brokenD. has been broken8.She wished she _____so forgetful. Then she wouldn’t have missed the talk.A. was notB. hadn’t beenC. be notD. shouldn’t be9.How I wish I_____ twenty years younger!A. amB. will beC. wereD. have been10.It_____strange that he should have gone away without telling us.A. isB. will beC. wereD. had been11.If it had been for your timely help, we_____.A. would not succeedB. should not succeedC. could have not succeededD. could not have succeeded12.Had they not helped us, our experiment_____.A. would have failedB. should have failedC. would failD. should fail13._____I in you position, I would go.A. IfB. AmC. WereD. Was14.Supposing you _____write, what would you do?A. couldn’tB. can’tC. may notD. are unable15.If you hadn’t gone with Tom to the Party last night,_____.A. you would meet John alreadyB. you wouldn’t miss JohnC. you will have net JohnD. you would have met John16.Most students insist that they _____more English classes.A. haveB. hadC. would haveD. should have had17.It is time he_____.A. goes to bedB. go to bedC. went to bedD. should go to bed18.If I had the opportunity, _____to tell them why.A.I likeB.I could likeC.I had likedD. I’d like19.It is quite natural that he _____ so.A. thinksB. will thinkC. thoughtD. should think20.It is important that we _____ politely.A. would speakB. will speakC. shall speakD. should speak21.Hadn’t my car broken down ,I ______the train.A. would have caughtB. might catchC. would catchD. had caught22.He suggests that _____to see the film.A. he goesB. we wentC. we goD. we would go23.My mother looked after the orphan as if he _____her own child.A. isB. will beC. wereD. has been24.Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted that he ____ home.A. stayedB. could stayC. has stayedD. stay25.His new job required that he ____at the office before 7:00.A. beB. wasC. isD. would be 状语从句1.The price of diamond rings has risen sharply _______ the price of gold rings has gone down.A. whenB. asC. whileD. otherwise2._______ reason you may give , you ought not to have left homework unfinished.A. WhatB. No matterC. HoweverD. Whatever3.I’ll lend you my car _______ you return it intact.A. so far asB. as long asC. unlessD. until4.The secretary made a note of it _______ she should forget.A. in order thatB. in caseC. so thatD. ever when5.It was _______ that they planned to have a picnic.A. such fine weatherB. so fine a weatherC. such a fine weather asD. such a fine weather6.Smith has made _______ that we are all surprised .A. such much progressB. so fine a progressC. such a great progress asD. so much progress7.We are going to have a barbecue _______ it rains .A. if notB. whenC. except thatD. unless8.He wouldn’t give up smoking _____ his doctor told him it was a matter of life and death.A. exceptB. afterC. untilD. in case9._______I know , the computer can never take the place of the human brain.A. As forB. As long asC. So far forD. So /As far as10.He always talks _______ he had been to outer space.A. likeB. as if /thoughC. because ofD. as11.He was walking along the sands _______ he saw a big foot-print in the sand .A. whileB. whenC.. asD. after12.Go and get your coat, it’s _____ you lef t it.A. whereB. thereC. AsD. Which13.You’ll surly make progress_______ you work with a strong will.A. unlessB. untilC. as long asD. as well as14._______ , I am sure that he is honest.A. No matter people sayB. What people sayC. Whatever people sayD. It doesn’t matter people say15.It won’t be long _______ you regret what you’ve done.A. afterB. beforeC. sinceD. then16.I have no doubt _____we shall be able to do something for you.A. whetherB. ifC. thatD. what17.—Did you remember to give her the book she asked for?--_______I saw her , I remembered.A. WhileB. SuddenlyC. RightD. The moment18.I shall be surprised if he does this the same way _______ I do .A. asB. likeC. whichD. what19._______ the film may be , I have no time to see it .A. Although excitingB. No matter excitingC. Even if excitedD. However exciting20.Tired _______ he was , he decided not to trouble her.A. asB. althoughC. unlessD. even if21.--- What would you do if it _____ tomorrow ?--- we have to carry it on , since we’ve got everything ready .A．rain B．rains C．will rain D．is raining22._____ your composition carefully , some spelling mistakes can be avoided . A．Having checked B．Checked C．If you check D．To check23._______ you begin the work , you must carry it out through to the end.A. WhenB. ThoughC. SometimesD. Once24. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, __________ great it is.A. whatB. howC. howeverD. whatever25. After the war, a new school building was put up ________ there had once been a theatre.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when26. You should make it a rule to leave things _____________ you can find them again.A. whenB. whereC. thenD. there27. ____________ you’ve got the chance, you might as well make full use of it.A. Now thatB. AfterC. AlthoughD. As soon as28. We’ll have to finish the job, _____________.A. long it takes howeverB. it takes however longC. long however it takesD. however long it takes29. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up __________ I could answer the phone.A. asB. sinceC. untilD. before30. — Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?— Yes, I gave it to her ____________ I saw her.A. whileB. the momentC. suddenlyD. once31. Generally speaking, ____________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A. when takingB. when takenC. when to takeD. when to be taken32. Scientists say it may be five or six years _________ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. sinceB. afterC. beforeD. when33. We were swimming in the lake _______ suddenly the storm started.A. whenB. whileC. untilD. before34. _______ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.A. As long asB. As far asC. Just asD. Even if35. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further wego ,______ .A．our holiday will be better B．our holiday will be the betterC．the better our holiday will be D．the better will our holiday be（一）1. Before the child went to bed，the father asked him to ______ all the toys he had taken out.A. put offB. put upC. put awayD. put out2. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others，__________ ，of course，made the others jealous.A. whoB. whatC. thatD. which3.Evidence came up ___ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. what4. This composition is good __________ some spelling mistakes.A. exceptB. besidesC. except thatD. except for5. Women all over the world are__________ equal pay for equal jobs.A. calling onB. calling aboutC. calling offD. calling for6. The children lined up and walked out __________A. in placeB. in conditionC. in orderD. in private7. __________ is well known，the key to success lies in hard work.A. AsB. ThatC. WhichD. What8. The doctor will not perform the operation __________ it is absolutely necessary.。

GCT逻辑精讲讲义

高考语文一轮复习第二编古诗文阅读专题三微案二鉴赏古代诗歌的语言学案（含解析）不分版本鉴赏古代诗歌的语言古代诗歌是语言的艺术。

其丰富的思想感情、优美的意境都是通过语言来表现的。

鉴赏诗歌的语言，首先是鉴赏诗歌的遣词造句、韵律格式、诗眼；其次是了解诗歌的语言风格，把握诗歌的语言特点，进而领悟诗歌的精妙之处。

在历年的高考试题中，以下几点为考查重点：分类例如炼字如“春风又绿江南岸〞中的“绿〞字是一个表颜色的形容词，用在诗中变成了动词，有色彩感和动态感，给人以视觉上的形象美。

化无形为有形，既见出春风的到来，又表现出春风到后江南水乡的变化，一派生机，欣欣向荣，给人以强烈的美的感受。

续表分类例如炼句(赏析诗眼) 如“马后桃花马前雪〞将关内桃花烂漫与关外白雪茫茫两个场景聚集到征马这一关节点上，描写生动，比照鲜明。

“桃花〞与“雪〞分别代指家乡的温馨与塞外的清冷生活，蕴含了思乡的情感。

赏析语言风格如李白的清新飘逸，杜甫的沉郁顿挫，陶渊明的淡远闲静等。

微点突破一炼字所谓炼字，就是锤炼诗歌的词语，使之生动、形象、精练、传神。

古人写诗，十分讲究炼字，因为经过作者锤炼过的关键字词，常常是最能表露诗歌情感和表达诗歌语言艺术的。

这些词语一般是动词、形容词、数词、副词和叠词等。

分类例如传神显旨的词“暖风熏得游人醉〞中的“醉〞字说明了那些忘怀故国的人的可耻嘴脸，他们不但志气丧失，甚至连骨气也没有了。

这一字凝聚了作者的感慨和激愤。

以动衬静的词“竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟〞中的“喧〞和“动〞以动景衬静景，使境界更为幽深，更好地表现了诗人恬静的内心世界。

以动写静的词“云破月来花弄影〞中的“破〞字，将静物动态化，写出明月冲破云层的动感。

以实写虚的词“红杏枝头春意闹〞中的“闹〞字既是绘景，又是写情，它不仅描绘了杏花盛开的艳丽景色，还写出了在春风吹拂下，杏枝摇曳、花儿微动的活泼神情。

以乐衬哀的词“江碧鸟逾白，山青花欲燃。

今春看又过，何日是归年〞中的“碧江〞“白鸟〞“青山〞“艳花〞等词写出了春天的美好景象，与下句“何日是归年〞的思乡伤感之情形成比照，以乐景衬哀情。

2011GCT辅导讲义

2011GCT辅导讲义Vocabulary and grammar词汇：短语搭配（动词与介副词搭配/动词与名词/介词短语）Hold/get/go/come/put/get/pull/speed形近词变析Insure/ensure/assure/secureObserve/conserve/preserve/reserveOmit/submit/permit/emitConfident/confidentialSign/signal/signature近义词变析Question/problem/issueWorth/worthy/worthwhileHistorical/historicContinual/continuousSign/signal/mark/gesture语法：1．时态By 引导的时间状语与用于完成时，如果接过去的时间点用过去完成时，如果接将来的时间点用将来完成时。

自然规律，客观规律用一般现在时现在完成时（for/since）It’s (about/high) time that + 一般过去时It’s the first time that + 现在完成时It was the first time that + 过去完成时时间状语从句，条件句的将来时用一般现在时表示。

If I have a bike, I’ll lend it to you.If I had a bike, I would have lend it to you.Before long 用于将来时/long before用于一般过去时2．非谓语动词See sb. Do/doingFor there to beFoe there being动名词与现在分词同作定语的区别A sleeping dog/a writing table非谓语动词的否定在前面加notIs said to do/is said to have done独立分词结构The rain being over, we went on with our work.Her eyes dimmed with tears, she didn’t see him enter.3．从句（定从）as/which; that /which/thanThat/which(1)先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时,或是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时This is the best that has been used against air pollution(反对空气污染) in cities.English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.He is the last person that I want to see.(2) 主句中已有疑问词时或先行词是whoWhich is the bike that you lost?(3) 先行词既有人又有物时The bike and its rider that had run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station.(4) 先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等不定代词时Y ou should hand in all that you have.We haven’t got much that we can offer you.I mean the one that you talked about just now.Is there anything else that you want to say for this party?(5) 先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very等词修饰时As I mentioned in the last letter, I’ll be back in OhiO in June.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming popular here.4．倒装Only +状语置于句首So, neither, nor 引起的半倒装否定副词提前So + adj/adv/ 置于句首为了叙述生动全部倒装Up went the rocket.Away they hurried.If 省略had/were 提前Hardly/scaecely…when/no sooner ….than5．虚拟语气三种基本形式表命令，建议，要求的词后should + do表主观意愿，见解的adj. (6)Necessary/essential/important/vital/desirable/advisableIf only/wish/as if/though 后的宾从用一般过去时或过去完成时(if only/only if)含蓄虚拟语气（otherwise, but, or, but for, without, if not for, under other circumstances, to do）It would be a mistake not to help him.Would rather + do (do/have done); would rather + that ( did/had done)表示吃惊惊讶，should (不能省)+ do .6. 主谓一致With, as well as 引出的词不算主语Neither…nor/either….or/not……but…/not only…. But also 谓语就近原则集合名词（三大类）Family/crew/class/audience/committeePeople/police/cattleMerchandise/machinery表示时间/距离/价值/重量名词作主语+单谓Many a ,more than one修饰名词+单谓表种类，数量，单位的名词+of 修饰名词时，谓语动词与表种类，数量，单位的名词一致7.特殊用法Always 与进行体连用，表达一定的感情色彩Need doingIs to blame/blame sb. With sth./blame sth. On sbMake sb. DoFind it+adj. + to doIt’s no use doingProvided that=if 引导的条件句Can’t too…..But that/in that/except that/now that/all thatHave no alternative/choice but to doCan’t choose/help but doI can do nothing but doCannot but doWhy not + doOnly + to do 表结果状语For all/much as1.By the end of this term , the girls _______ the basic rules of dinner partyconversation.A. will learnB. will have learnedC. have learnedD. are learning2. Darwin proved that natural selection _______ the chief factor in the development of species.A. has beenB. had beenC. wasD. is3. It’s been a long time since I _______. How are you?A. had last seen youB. saw you lastC. have last see youD. last was seeing you4. This is the first time I ______this kind of refrigerator.A. sawB. have beenC. am seeingD. see5. Hardly_____ the people ran toward it.A. had the plane landed whenB. had the plane landed thanC. the plane landed beforeD. the plane was landing that6. ______ no gravity, there would be no air around the earth, hence no life.A. If there wasB. if there had beenC. were thereD. had there been7. ______ that the pilot couldn’t fly through it.A. The storm so severe wasB telephone company lastC. so the storm was severeD. such was the storm severe8. If they had sent a check to the telephone company last week, their telephone______ Out of service at this moment.A. will not beB. will not have beenC. wouldn’t beD. wouldn’t have been9. Millions of Americans flock to their drug stores to buy vitamins and minerals, ______ that these pills can help to prevent serious illness.A. convincingB. convincedC. To convinceD. to be convinced10. A recent survey suggested that if money were not an issue, most mothers ______ not to work at all.A. should preferB. preferC. would preferD. preferredReading Comprehension说明性文章多，兼有议论文，一篇应用文。

2011GCT年英语真题及参考答案(A卷)

2011GCT年英语真题及参考答案（A卷）第四部分外语运用能力测试（英语）A卷（50 题，每小题2 分，满分100 分）Part One Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. If the car you have rented is clearly unsatisfactory, you can always it for another.A. shift B . exchange C . switch D. replace2. Every manager needs a secretary that he can to take care of something that may occurin his absence.A. bring on B . hold on C . count on D. focus on3. The shirt is a real bargain because it is good in quality and in price.A. valuable B . remarkable C . available D. reasonable4. Shopping for cloths is not the same experience for a man it is for a woman.A. when B . that C . as D. than5. Nina back home if she had known that her husband would go to the bus stop to meet her.A. couldn’t have walked B . shouldn’t have walkedC . mustn’t have walked D. wouldn’t have walked6. A news report is usually very short, when it is about something very important.A. besides B . except C . apart from D. except for7. In this advanced course, students are required to take performance tests at monthly .A. gaps B . lengths C . distances D. intervals8. American women were the right to vote until 1920.A. ignored B . refused C . derived D. denied9. Seldom any mistakes during my past few years of working there.A. would I make B . have I made C . I made D. shall I make10. The proposal seems to oppose the government economic policy.A. designed B . to designC . have designed D. to have designedPart Two Reading ComprehensionDirections:In this part there are three passages and one chart, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage:Happiness is becoming a huge area in psychological research and even in government policy, with the UK government exploring a “ happiness index” . It is tough, though, to define exactly what happiness is, and what makes us happy.There are two broad ways of looking at happiness: short-term happiness (a great cookie, a bottle of wine) and long-happiness (financial security, achieving your goals). Both types of happiness are valid, and important. The problem is, they’re often in competition.Let’s say you’ve got a goal of losing 50 pounds this year. You know you’d be happier a nd healthier if you weren’t carrying that extra weight. To achieve long-term happiness, you need to go on a diet. In the short-term, though, it’s not that easy.A chocolate cake, or a large glass of wine, might just the thing to cheer you up at the end of a long day - or to celebrate with friends. It’s the same with lots of other goals.It you’ve got a tendency to prioritize long-term happiness at the expense of day-to -day pleasures, you should start looking for some small ways to bring a little joy back into your life. I am not suggesting that you go out and get drunk every night, or that you stuff yourself with cake. There are a plenty of other ways to enjoy yourself. Don’t pin all your hopes of happiness on some far-off future, though. There’s no point wo rking a 60-hour week and making yourself thoroughly miserable in the belief that things will be perfect as soon as possible you're making a six-figure salary.11. A proper title foe the passage isA. Happy Thereafter. B . Beyond Happiness.C . Happiness in. Happiness Out. D. Happy now or in the Future?12. Paragraph is mainly about .A. what makes us happy B . how to understand happinessC . how can we be happier D. what happiness can bring us13. The example in paragraph 3 is meant to emphasize that .A. both short-term happiness and long-term happiness is importantB . we tend to seek short-term happiness instead of long-term happinessC . p eople prefer long-term happiness to short-term happinessD. s hort-term happiness may contradict long-term happiness14. The word “ prioritize” (last paragraph) probably means “ ” .A. treat something as more important than othersB . improve something 's value or qualityC . put extra emphasis on somethingD. look for something that is difficult to find15. The author suggests in the last paragraph that sacrificing short-term happiness for long-term happiness .A. works well B . can be justifiedC . is not worthwhile D. makes no differenceQuestions 16-20 are based on the following passage:Thanks to the introduction of new drugs, many of the early problem in organ transplants, such as tissue rejection, have, to a great extent, now been solved. However, there remains a major problem. The people in need of transplant surgery far outnumber the available organs.Many countries, such as Britain, have huge waiting lists people whose lives could be saved by being given a kidney, lung, heart or liver transplant. Sadly, many of them die before they research the top of the list.Under the present British policy, people are asked to carry donor ( 捐赠人) cards, and\or put their names on the national donor register. Thus, if they lost their lives suddenly, for example, in a traffic accident, they have given permissions in advance of their death for their organs to be used. If they have not given done so, surgeons are faced with the task of asking the grieved relatives for permissions to use the organs of the dead. Of course, often the relatives are too upset even to think o f such a thing until it is too late. Organ transplants have to take place quite soon after the death of the donor.Dying and donating organs is not something most of us like to think about, and only about 14% of people have registered. Now it has been suggested that, instead of the present register, there should be a register of potential donors who haven’t made up their minds.16.Nowadays a major problem in transplant surgeryA. the shortage of qualified doctors C . tissue rejectionB . the lack of transplant organs D. immature techniques17. It can be inferred from the passage that transplant organ most likely come from .A. people who die in fatal accident B . criminals who are sentenced to deathC . patients who die from serious disease D. people who are mentally healthy18. What is the advantage of registering in advance to donate organs?A. The transplant may take place soon after the death of the donor.B . The donor’s relatives would agree with the surgery.C . More people would choose donation of their o rgans after death.D. Surgeons will not be liable to any legal consequences.19. The low percentage of people who have registered to donate organs indicates that .A. the present register system doesn’t workB . dying and donating organs is an unpleasant issueC . very few people know how to donate their organsD. permissions from relatives is hard to obtain20. What has been proposed to get more donors organs?A. Asking more people to register to donate organs after death.B . Having more people carry donor cards when they get around.C . Encouraging more people to consider organs donation through registering.D. Getting more people to donate organs by offering huge monetary rewards.Question 21-25 are based on the following passage:Recently, the Americans Health Association surveyed 1,000 people nationwide about their thoughts on sodium and heart health. 61% said that they believe sea salt is low-sodium alternative to table salt. They can be forgiven to thinking so. Sea salt is marked as a healthy food, added to soups, potato chips and a wide variety of packaged snacks labeled “ low sodium” and “healthy” . But in reality, sea salt and table salt are not terribly different, at least chemically. The real differences are in how the two are used in cooking.Table salt comes from underground salt deposits. Companies that sell it typically add something to keep it from clumping ( 结块). During processing, table is stripped of many of its natural minerals. Seat salt, on the other hand, is made from evaporated seawater. With little processing, it retains most of its mineral, which some cooks say give it a better flavor.But both contains the same amount of sodium chloride ( 氧化钠) by weight, which means they contribute equally to totally sodium consumption and have the same effect on blood pressure. Officials recommend that adults consume no more than 2.300 milligrams of sodium a day, equivalent to a teaspoon salt. You should eat less if you are black, hypertensive ( 患高血压的) or older than 40. Yet most Americans consume more than double the amount they need, mostly processed foods, so it is best to limit salt - Of any kind.21. According the survey, more than half the people believer that .A. table salt should be used in cookingB . it is necessary to eat sea productC . sea salt is high-sodium productD. sea is a healthier choice than table salt22.The different between table salt and tea salt lies in that table salt ______.A.contains more natural minerals than sea salt B . forms clumps more easily than sea saltC . taste better than sea salt D. goes through less pro cessing than sea salt23. The word “ strip” in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to “ ” .A. b reak B . add C . remove D. change24. According to the passage, the proper amount of salt consumption is related to one’s ______.A. Appetite B . age C . sex D. weight25. According to the passage, Americans .A. c onsume much more salt than they actually needB . c onsume about 2.300 milligrams of salt a dayC . p refer fresh food to salted processed foodD. try to limit their salt consumption of any kindQuestions 26-30 are based on the following chart:Position OpenAdvertise PositionNOFollow-up,Review applicantsfillingYESinterviewConsider other optionsNOOffer job to alternateNOMake job offers Call, fillingYESYESCom. offerReview otherinterviewsNO YESApplicants Contract,accept offer training26. A proper title for the chart is “ ”A. Schedule Chart for Job HuntingB . Flow Chart for Recruitment ProcessC . Descriptive Chart for an Open PositionD. Organization Chart for a Hunting Company27. The chart is probably designed for .A. job applicants B . school graduatesC . the company general manager D. the human resources department28. What happens right after the interview?A. The company will review other interviewees.B . The company will notify who get an offer.C . Th e applicants will confirm job offers with the company.D. The applicants will call in to check whether they get the offer.29. A work contract is signed when .A. all options have been consideredB . there is no more interviewee to reviewC . the applicant accepts the company’s offerD. the company finishes training for its new staff30. What does “ Com.” in “Com. Offer” possibly mean?A. Confirm B . Company C . Compensate D. CommunicatePart Three ClozeDirections:There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Ch oose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Where do our favorite foods come from? The truth may 31 you. Did you know curry( 咖喱) isn’t Indian? Did you know Americans weren’t the 32 to eat hamburgers? Or did you know pizza wasn’t created in Italy?First, let’s talk about curry. Ma ny people think the English found out about curry from peoplein India in the 1600s. Bu t 33 , wealthy English people were cooking with curry spices hundreds of years 34 British ships traveled to India. In fact, the word “ curry” can be foundin the English language as far back as 1377. Cooks of wealthy English families created curry dishes, and later these 35 caught on in other parts of England.36 pizza, this dish was probably first made in Persia (what is now Iran). The Persians were eating round, flat bread with cheese in the 500s – nearly one thousand years before pizza caught on in Naples, Italy!Fi nally, let ’s look at the truth behind 37 . Many people think hamburgers are an American food.However, 38 some stories, hamburgers came from Hamburg, Germany. A German named Ouo Kuasw made the first hamburgers in 1891. Four years later, German sailors 39 hamburgers to Americans. Wh ere foods come from isn’t nearly as 40 as how they taste – delicious! So, go get some of your favorite food and dig in.31. A. Upset B . surprise C . annoy D. inspire32. A. ones B . last C . first D. nation33. A. in detail B . in short C . in turn D. in reality34. A. before B . After C . when D. while35. A. cooks B . families C . dishes D. places36. A. Compared to B . As for C . Bu t for D. In addition to37. A. Chips B . pizza C . curry D. hamburgers38. A. according to B . owing to C . in case of D. in spite of39. A. carried B . introduced C . transported D. moved40. A. Good B . far C . important D. longPart Four Dialogue CompletionDirections:In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suits the conversational context and the best completes the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.41. A: I went to a date with Sammy last weekend.B: Really? ?A: I couldn’t ask for a better night.A. Is she nice B . How was itC . Is it a beautiful night D. Did you like her42. Student: How long can I keep the book?Librarian: .A. Any period longer than four weeks, you will be finedB . You can check it on the computer over thereC . Four weeks, but you can renew it if you need it longerD. At most four week s if you don’t mind43. A: Hello, Ann, do you still remember you said you’d like to see the actor of the movie Titanic? B:A: He is here at our university now.A. No, I don’t . B . Yes, why?C . Yes,so what? D. No, I don’t like him.44. A: Please remember me to your parents.B: .A. They remember seeing you onceB . Thanks a lot. I willC . I am afraid they have poor memoriesD. You can contact them directly45. Teacher:Are you following me?Student:A. I’m afraid not. B . Can you walk slowly, please?C . Let me think of it . D. Who knows?46. Receiver: Would you like to leave a message? I ’ll let Mr. Cohen know as soon as he comes back.Caller: .A. I hope he will call me back B . No. I’ll call somebody elseC . I don’t think it ’s appropriate D. Don’t bother. I’ll try his call47. David: If things go on like this. I’ll start preparing my resume again.Colleague:A. Come on. It ’s not that bad. C . Really? Congratulations!B . Yes, you are good at it . D. It’s none of my business.48. Wife: Honey, we have only one egg and half a bottle of milk in the fridge. Oh, and we are running out of toilet paper…Husband:A. Ok, ok. I’ll go to the store right now.B . Yes,honey. Let me know what I can do.C . What’s missing, dear?D. Sure, I’ll get more next time.49. Man: It’s a long journey.You look tired. ?Woman:Yes.Could you take that suitcase, please?Man: Sure.A. Where’s your luggage B . How can I help youC . May I help you with anything D. Do you mind may help50. A: Can you keep an eye on my bag?B:A: No. I’m going to the bathroom.A. Sure. What is it? C . Go ahead. No problem.B . Oh. Do you want a favor? D. Sure. Will you be long?2011 年10 月在职GCT 真题（A 卷）外语运用能力测试部分第8 页共9页参考答案题号1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10答案B C D C D B D D B A题号11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20答案D B D A C B A A C C题号21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30答案D A C B A C D B C A题号31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40答案B C D A C B D A B C题号41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50答案B C B B A D A A C D。

第1讲 2Z101000(一)(2011年新版)

联系QQ1165557537冲刺班特点和要求2Z101000施工管理命题规律解读本章的命题规律主要体现在：1．区分建设工程项目各参与方对项目管理的目标和任务是一个命题点，尤其是施工方项目管理的目标和任务。

2．区分施工总承包方、施工总承包管理方、建设项目工程总承包的特点是很好的命题点。

3．区分组织工具中的项目结构图、组织结构图(管理组织结构图)、合同结构图、工作任务分工表、管理职能分工表、工作流程图的概念与功能是每年必考的内容。

4．职能组织结构、线性组织结构和矩阵组织结构的特点及其应用的内容在今年的考题中一定会出现。

5．有关施工组织设计的内容，其命题点就是区分施工组织总设计、单位工程施工组织设计与分部(分项)工程施工组织设计的内容、编制依据和编制程序。

6．项目目标动态控制的四种纠偏措施的应用7．根据施工方项目经理的工作性质、任务、权限、责任来具体分析项目经理在施工过程中的具体行为是否正确，是可以与其他内容结合来命题的8．建设工程施工风险管理的工作流程也可以作为一个命题点。

9．建设工程项目实施的几个主要阶段建设监理工作的主要任务是需要掌握的内容10．建设工程监理的工作方法可以说是很重要的内容，一定要掌握。

命题点解读命题点1建设工程项目管理的概念(1)动态控制原理是项目目标控制的基本方法论。

(2)项目管理的核心任务是项目的目标控制。

(3)“自项目开始至项目完成”指的是项目的实施期；“项目策划”指的是目标控制前的一系列筹划和准备工作；“费用目标”对业主而言是投资目标，对施工方而言是成本目标。

(4)项目决策期管理工作的主要任务是确定项目的定义，而项目实施期管理的主要任务是通过管理使项目的目标得以实现。

命题点2建设工程项目的全寿命周期(图1—1)命题点3建设项目参与方项目管理的目标参与方项目管理目标业主方业主方项目管理服务于业主的利益，其项目管理的目标包括项目的投资目标、进度目标和质量目标。

其中投资目标指的是项目的总投资目标。

月自考串讲讲义汇总(月日更新)

第六章2010年10月自考串讲讲义汇总（9月24日更新)1、领导活动存在于群体之中，一个人不能形成领导。

2、领导活动是由领导者和被领导者共同完成的。

3、领导活动的手段是领导者激励和调动下属的方式。

4、领导活动的目标是领导活动的归宿。

二、领导的作用：指挥作用、激励作用、协调作用三、领导者的影响力：是指领导者在与他人交往中，影响和改变他人心理和行为的能力。

根据影响力的性质不同，分为强制性影响力和非强制性影响力。

领导者职位权力种类：法定权、奖赏权、惩罚权强制性影响力的产生因素有：传统因素、职位因素、资历因素非强制性影响力的产生因素有：品格因素、才能因素、知识因素和感情因素二、领导者的群体结构（群体中每个领导者的个体素质、群体的结构素质）1、领导者的个体素质：（政治素质、文化素质、业务素质、身体素质）文化素质：专业知识的深度。

社会知识的广度。

经管知识的娴熟度。

业务素质：思维能力、决策能力、组织能力、协调能力群体的结构素质：1、丰富全面的知识结构2、较高的专业知识结构3、较强的能力结构4、合理的年龄结构5、良好的气质结构第二节领导理论一、有关人的特性方面的理论1、X理论—Y理论（美国麦格雷戈）2、不成熟—成熟理论（美国阿吉里斯）3、有关人性的四种假设（美国沙因）A、经济人假设B、社会人假设C、自我实现人假设D、复杂人假设二、领导特质理论（素质理论）是指从领导者的性格、生理、智力及社会因素等方面寻找领导者特有的品质或应有的品质的理论。

1、早期特质理论（生理特质、个性特质、智力特质、工作特质、社会特质）美国学者吉赛利五种激励特征：对工作稳定性的需要；对金钱奖励的需要；对指挥权力的需要；对自我实现的需要；对职业成就的需要。

八种品质特征：创造与开拓；指挥能力的大小；自信心强弱；是否受下级爱戴和亲近；决断能力强弱；成熟程度高低；才能大小；男性或女性。

2、物质理论的新发展美国德克兰优良品质（个性、想像力、行为、信心、）三、领导行为理论1、领导作风理论（勒温）类型：1、专制式的领导作风2、民主式的领导作风3、放任自流的领导作风2、领导方式理论（利克特）类型：1、专制——权威式2、开明——权威式3、协商式4、群体参与式3、领导四分图理论（斯托格弟和沙特尔）领导方式：A、低组织低关心（效果最差）B、低组织高关心（是以人为中心）C、高组织低关心（是以工作任务为中心）D、高组织高关心人（一种理想的领导方式）4、经管方格理论（美国布莱克和穆顿）领导方式类型：贫乏型领导（1，1）任务型领导（9，1）中间型领导（5，5）俱乐部型领导（1，9）战斗集体型领导（9，9）5、领导行为连续统一体理论（坦南鲍姆和施M特）四、领导权变理论1、领导权变模型理论（菲德勒）是指领导者在不同的条件下，如何选择领导方式，以期达到理想的领导效果的理论。

十月联考串讲三(11年9月)

在职联考英语串讲（三）阅读理解题型设置•40分钟：4篇文章+20题目（40分）•每篇：300300——350单词+5问题•我们的目标：阅读理解(≥24)•1、主旨大意（1--2/20）main idea/best title •2、事实细节（10-11/20）who,what, why , how •3、猜测生词（1-2/20）“X ”means/refers to •4、引申推断（5-6/30）infer/conclude/imply•5、意图和态度（1-3/30）attitude/purpose/tone ****•主旨题阅读公式•1．主旨题阅读公式一：•文章的主旨=全文的主旨句• =各段落主题句之和•2．主旨题阅读公式二：•文章的主旨≠文中的某一细节•≠文中某一部分的主要内容≠覆盖面过广的表述•≠文章未涉及的内容•"Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it'saccompanied by an appeal: "Just think about those starving orphans (孤儿) in Africa!"• Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take a few too many bites. Instead of saying "clean the plate," perhaps we should, save some food for tomorrow.• According to news reports US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies (肚子). 。

2011gct英语词汇导入班讲义

GCT词汇导入班讲义马鹏一、背单词的误区1.只记住了容易记忆的意思，忽略常考意思（1）addressThose trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.“Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,” Cartmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups.This will safeguard your existing email box in the event someone you don’t know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others.（2）chargeSome savings come free of charge: you can boost fuel efficiency by 6 percent simply by keeping your car’s tires properly inflated (充气).They may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge.The new CEO are in charge of Human Resources Department particularly.It is unreasonable to charge someone without evidence.（3）institute, institutionThe institution has a highly effective program which helps first-year students make a successful transition into college life.Since the change of management, some strange institutions have been established in the company which annoy everyone.（4）liableThe sportsman first of all obeys the fish and game laws, not because he is liable to be punished as a violator, but because he know that in the main these laws are made for his best interests.（5）courseThe course of nature will not be changed by human interference.I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent’s international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play.2.只记住了排列考前的意思，忽略重要意思（1）commitHe committed suicide for unknown reasons.There’s a one-in-a-million chance a child will be taken by a stranger, according to the Justice Department. And 90 percent of sexual abuse cases are committed by someone the child knows.Commitment to being who you are, not who or what someone wants you to be.Before she ever gets the chance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be simple to be herself.（2）launchEach spacecraft requires millions of pounds of fuel to take off into space, which makes them expensive to launch.Angry politicians launched an attack on the Princess in the press. They described her as very ill-informed and a loose cannon (乱放炮的人).The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of combating bacteria which have become resistant to drug treatments.（3）machine, machanical, machanismAlthough nominated as the actor of the year, his acting in latest movie was criticized being machanical.Like animals, humans evolved with an elaborate mechanism for processing information about potential threats.There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.（4）appealTelevision is an attractive advertising medium in that it appeals to housewives“Unauthorized”biographies also have their appeal, however, since they can suggest an independence of mind in the biographer.（5）orientSixty-two percent of the more individually oriented(强调个性发展的) Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices.In Japan, fewer women have jobs or buy cars —the Japanese society is still very much male—oriented.3.只记住了表面含义（具体），忽略引申含义（抽象）（1）latitude (range, spectrum)Your teacher's grading system may be unwise, but it is not unethical. A teacher deserves widelatitude in selecting the method of grading that best promotes learning in her classroom; that is, after all, the prime function of grades.（2）contributeSome $36,000 has been raised in donations from Safeway. A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill for renting the driver educating cars. IBM contributed 4,500 packs of paper.Older people must be given more chances to learn if they are to contribute to society rather than be a financial burden, according to a new study on population published recently.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals.Laura Hillenbrand is an example cited to show how emotional energy can contribute to one’s success in life.（3）caterThe service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others’ needs.Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies（4）stick toWhen families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma's generation.（5）immuneThe new pills help patients immune from infection.Because of the smuggling, the customs claim that imported appliances will be no more immune for taxation.（6）dissolveFrom January Ist, 2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male for the government’s liking. They will shortly receive a letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act , or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act（7）cultivateRegardless of how it’s sold, the popularity of bottled water taps into our desire for better health, our wish to appear cultivated, and even a longing for lost purity.61. According to passage, why is bottled water so popular?A. It is much cheaper than wine.B. It is considered healthier.C. It appeals to more cultivated people.D. It is more widely promoted in the market.（8）tailorShe asks them to tell her what they think they are supposed to do. She also provides take-home sheets which are computer printouts tailor ed to the patients’ situation.二、MBA\MPA\MPAcc单词对词汇的要求——音形义用音：增强语感，拆文解字AmbulanceAmpleAmbitioncareer形: 形象记忆，辨析形近词PeepLimbLimpSootheprosperous, prosperity, prospect, prospective, perspective义: 表面含义与引申含义，常考含义与特殊含义special, especial, particular, peculiarSuspect, suspicous, sceptical, skeptical, doubt, doubtable, questional用：不同语境下的含义用法与翻译Benjaming Franklin was known as a philosopher, scientist, educator and a great politican. What a versatile man he is!Scientists have designed a versatile weapon used in night combat and underwater fight.三、单词的记忆方法1. 词根词缀记忆法ImportantPresidentTransparentTractor（1）Prefix +RootForehead______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______Expose______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______（2）Root+SuffixActorScholarDrawer（3）Prefix +Root+SuffixConcentrateCollaborateCorrepondent（4）elseReinforce2. 形近字记忆法Attain————————————————————3.近义反义记忆法天生后天吸引4.一词多义记忆法Raise5.故事情境记忆法警察逮小偷情境主人公：警察、小偷、受害者、律师、法官、陪审团确认目标——实施犯罪——警察追捕——羁押——审讯——起诉——证人证词——定罪——上诉——驳回——入狱——越狱6.拆文解字记忆法TenantHandicapAlienationInnocentCargoGroomBroom7.中文谐音记忆法StingyAdmireSpousePestTrubulent四、常用词根1. act=to do , to drive,表示“行动，做”activityactivateactualizeenactexactInteractreacttransactcounteract2. tract =draw，表示“拉，拖”abstractattractattractionattractivecontractcontractiondistractdistractedextractextractiontractor3. Spect, spic= look, see,表示“看”circumspectcircumspectionexpectationinspectinspectionperspectiveprospect nprospectiverespectrespectablerespectfulrespectiveretrospectsuspectsuspiciousspectacularspectatorspeculatespeculation4. Sist= stand, 表示“站立”assistassistantconsistconsistenceinsistinsistencepersistpersistentresistresistance5. rupt=break, 表示“断裂”" abruptbankruptbankruptcycorruptcorruptiondisruptdisruptionerupteruptioninterruptinterruption6. Pos, posit=put, 表示“放”"posecomposedisposedisposedexposeimposepurposepositionpositive7. cap, capt, cept ,ceive, cip, cup=take, hold, seize, 表示“拿，抓，握住”capacitycaptivecaptureacceptconceptiondeceivedeceptiveinterceptconceiveconceivableperceivereceivereceiptanticipateoccupyoccupation8. ced, ceed, cess=go,表示“行走，前进”antecedeantecedentancestorconcessionintercedeprecedeprecedentprocedureexcessexcessiveproceedprocessaccessaccessiblesucceedsuccesssuccessionsuccessiverecessrecession9. cept=take,表示“拿取”except.exceptionexceptionalacceptacceptableinterceptinterceptionconcept10.dict,dic=say,assert, 表示“说话，断言”" dictatedictatordictionarycontradictpredictabdicatededicateindicateaddictaddiction11.duc,duct=lead,bring,表示“引导，带来”" Educateeducationabductdeducedeductioninduceinducementintroduceproduceproductproductiveproductivityreduceconductconductorseduceseduction12.fer=bring,carry,表示“带来，拿来”" conferenceofferdeferdifferdifferencedifferentiateinferpreferpreferencereferreferencesuffertransfer13.gress=.go,walk,表示“行走”" aggressionaggressivecongressprogressprogressivebor=labor,表示“劳动”" laboratoryelaboratecollaborate15. Port=carry,表示“拿，运”" portableexportimportimportancesupporttransport16. Press= press, 表示“挤压”" pressingpressurecompressdepressdepresseddepressionexpressexpressionimpressimpressionimpressivesuppresssuppression17. Sens, sent =feel, 表示“感觉”"sensesensiblesensitivesentimentsentimentalassentconsentconsensusresentresentment18. Sid=sit,表示“坐”"resideresidencepresidepresidentsubsidiary19. St, sta, stat, stan, stant, stin = stand, 表示“站，立”" stablestabilitystabilizationobstaclecircumstanceinstanceinstantsubstancesubstantialsubstantiateconstantdistant20. tain ten tin= hold。

10月GCT英语高频词汇pdf版

跨度占据等级，级别广度数量限度裂纹胀裂混乱省略失败下降突围,突破突发,爆发出发,动身放弃,取消发扬,结转获得成功,对付使复苏使显示,生产救出,完成打倒,击落树立建立起,使开始出现,发生出来,长出赶上跟上维持,继续草拟推迟,使延期撤退推想,假设希望谢绝拒绝限制
3/11
13-9-21
measure contribute justify indicate determine curiosity significance
approachable
applicable considerable adaptable acceptable favourable proper liable blank vacant vain secure stimulate inquire seek register bargain consult struggle battle dispute battery barrel fence jam vacuum trouble puzzle distress turn avoid errors flaw edge margin scope
regulate
管制,控制,调整
coordinate
调整,整理
remedy
治疗
adjust
调整
interrupt
打断
refer to
提到
extend to
延伸
accurate
精确的
fixed
固定的
urgent
紧急的
adequate
足够的
anxious
忧虑的
fruitful
多产的,富有成效的