绿色化学

一、化学实验教学与绿色化学教育摘要：绿色化学能力是素质教育核心目标,在化学实验教学中培养学生绿色化学能力是当前教改"热点",有利于从根本上防止了污染,改善了环境,提高了教育和教学质量。

简要介绍了绿色化学的内涵,阐述了开展绿色化学教育的必要性,结合教学实践提出了在化学实验教学中开展绿色化学教育的措施。

The green chemistry ability is the core goal of quality education. To cultivate students' green chemistry ability in chemical experiment teaching is the hot point of current educational reform. It is helpful to prevent pollution, improve environment and improve the quality of education and teaching. This paper introduces the connotation of green chemistry, expounds the necessity of carrying out green chemistry education, and puts forward the measures to carry out green chemistry education in chemistry experiment teaching.二、我国化学工业二氧化碳排放影响因素研究摘要：本文基于因素分解方法(LMDI)研究了影响我国化学工业1996-2007年间二氧化碳排放量变化的关键因素,包括部门能源消费、化学工业化石能源比例、化石能源结构、能源碳排放强度、经济增长、化学工业产出比例、化学工业的部门结构、能耗强度等8个因素。

研究结果表明了经济活动和能耗强度下降是影响中国化学工业1996-2007年二氧化碳排放的两个最重要的因素,能耗强度的下降明显减少了二氧化碳的排放,但仍无法抵消经济增长导致的二氧化碳排放量的增加;化学工业能源结构的优化对二氧化碳的排放起到了减量作用;能源结构及具体部门结构效应对碳排量的影响最小。

In this paper, the key factors influencing the change of carbon dioxide emissions in chemical industry in China from 1996 to 2007 were studied based on the Factor Decomposition (LMDI), including energy consumption, fossil energy, fossil energy structure, energy intensity, Industrial output ratio, the chemical industry sector structure, energy intensity and other eight factors. The results show that the decline in economic activity and energy intensity is the two most important factors affecting CO2 emissions in China's chemical industry from 1996 to 2007. The decline in energy intensity significantly reduces CO2 emissions, but still can not offset the economic growth caused by The energy structure and the specific sector structure effect have the least impact on the carbon emission.三、无机化学在分析化学教学中的渗透摘要:无机化学和分析化学这两门课程属于医学检验专业学生必备的专业基础知识。

为保证学生掌握这两门课程的脉络,在教学中有效地将无机化学知识渗透于分析化学的教学中,作者结合教学经验进行了总结。

1.物质的量的概念是分析化学中滴定分析法计算的基础。

2.溶液的浓度是分析化学定量分析计算的依据。

3.溶液的配制和稀释是分析化学中配制标准溶液的基本实验技能。

4.酸碱滴定法、沉淀滴定法、配位滴定法、氧化还原滴定法是分析化学中滴定分析法的核心。

5.分析化学中滴定分析法均应用了无机化学的离子反应原理。

6.氧化还原滴定法、酸碱滴定法和配位滴定法运用了化学反应速率和化学平衡原理。

7.盐类的水解、缓冲溶液等电解质溶液的有关知识是学习分析化学中酸碱滴定曲线规律的理论基础。

8.学习分析化学中色谱法需要的无机化学知识点。

Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry are two basic courses for students of medical examination essential professional knowledge. In order to ensure students master the thread of these two courses, in the teaching of inorganic chemistry effectively penetrate the teaching of analytical chemistry, the author summed up the teaching experience. 1. The concept of the amount of substance is the basis of titration analysis in analytical chemistry. 2. The concentration of the solution is the analytical basis for quantitative analysis of chemical analysis. 3. The preparation and dilution of the solution is the basic experimental technique for preparing the standard solution in analytical chemistry. 4. Acid-base titration, precipitation titration, coordination titration, redox titration in analytical chemistry is the core of titration analysis. 5. Titrimetric analysis of analytical chemistry are applied inorganic chemistry of the ion reaction principle. 6. Oxidation-reduction titration, acid-base titration and coordination titration using the chemical reaction rate and chemical equilibrium principle. 7. Salt hydrolysis, buffer solution and other electrolyte solution is to learn the analytical chemistry of acid-base titration curve of the theoretical basis. 8. Learn about the inorganic chemistry knowledge required for chromatography in analytical chemistry.四、中学化学课堂教学的“功能因子”分析摘要：本文对中学化学课堂教学包含的五个功能因子“教师、学生、化学课程、化学教学设计及其呈现过程、教学环境”各构成要素及其在化学课堂教学中的作用分别进行了阐述。

在“教师”这一因子中，重点阐述了中学化学教师的层次对化学课堂教学的影响，中学化学教师应具备的基本素养、在课堂教学中的地位和角色、在课堂教学中的作用以及学生心目中的化学教师等问题。

在“化学教学设计及其呈现过程”这一因子中，着重阐述了化学教学设计基本原则、绿色化思想及软性成本问题，中学化学教学呈现过程的基本原则、效率因子、应体现的八个意识、“五维思想”以及呈现后的作用，学生心目中的化学教学等观点。

在“学生”这一因子中，主要分析了学生在化学课堂教学中的地位和角色、学生学习化学知识的途径、学生在化学课堂教学中表现行为的影响因素、学生在化学课堂上的行为表现分类、高中学生学习化学的主要特点等问题。

在“化学课程”这一因子中，重点提出了“四维”化学课程观和化学教师应用化学课程的一般程序。

在“教学环境”这一因子中，主要分析了教学环境的分类、教学环境对化学课堂教学的积极影响和负面影响、教学环境的区域差异和生态化等问题。

In this paper, the five functional factors in the middle school chemistry classroom teaching are expounded respectively, including teachers, students, chemistry curriculum, chemistry teaching design and its presentation process, teaching environment and its function in chemistry classroom teaching. In the factor of "teacher", the paper elaborates the influence of chemistry teachers' level on chemistry classroom teaching, the basic qualities that middle school chemistry teachers should have, the position and role of teachers in classroom teaching, the role of teachers in classroom teaching, The eyes of the chemical teachers and other issues. In the course of Chemistry Teaching Design and its Presentation Process, the paper mainly expounds the basic principles, the greening thought and the soft cost of chemistry teaching design, the basic principles of the process of chemistryteaching in middle school, the efficiency factor, Consciousness, "five-dimensional thinking" and the role of the post-show, students in the minds of chemistry teaching point of view. In the "student" factor, the main analysis of the students in the chemistry classroom teaching position and role of students learning chemistry knowledge, students in the chemistry classroom teaching performance factors, students in the chemistry classroom behavior Classification, high school students learn the main characteristics of chemistry and other issues. In the course of chemistry curriculum, the four-dimensional view of chemistry curriculum and the general procedure of chemistry teachers' applied chemistry course are put forward. In the "teaching environment" factor, the main analysis of the classification of teaching environment, teaching environment, the positive impact of chemical classroom teaching and the negative impact of regional differences in teaching environment and ecological issues.五、我国生物无机化学的发展摘要：叙述了生物无机在我国的发展。