Chapter British History

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1.1.3 Roman Britain (43 AD—5th Century)
First invasion—In August 55 BC, Julius Caesar invaded Britain Second—Caesar's second raid in 54 BC Third and final—In 43 AD, Emperor Claudius, final and successful Roman invasion of Britain
9,000 years ago 3,000 BC
part of E-Continent Iberians (Stonehenge)
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A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
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A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.4 The Anglo-Saxon Invasion (5th—8th Century)
Germanic people (the Jutes from Jutland, Angles from South of Denmark and Saxons from Germany) English (language of the Angles) dominant language Roman Christianity St. Augustine brings Christianity to Britain from Rome and becomes Archbishop of Canterbury
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1.1.6 The Norman Conquest
In 1066, Edward chose Harold of Wessex to be King in his place. Duke William, often referred to as William the Conquer, challenged Harold’s succession, won the Battle of Hastings, and was crowned King.
CONTENT
The Founding of the Nation Transition to the Modern Age
I II III IV V
The Rise and Fall of the British Empire
Britain Since World war II
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A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.3 Roman Britain (43 AD—5th Century)
Capable administrators & good builders (towns and cities & roads) Building of London River Thames “London Bridge” Building of roads

House of Lords House of Commons
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1.2.3 Hundred Years’ War (1337—1453)
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1.2.2 Birth of Parliament
Provisions of Oxford limiting the King’s power by calling regular meetings of the Great Council Parler—to talk Official formation of the two houses of parliament:
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1.1 Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxons
1.1.1 Prehistoric Period (history undocumented)
a series of wars fought between England and France over trade, territory, security and the throne promoted the concept of English nationalism. promoted the development of the textile industry raised the social position of the bourgeois class.
Norman Cavalier
Duke William
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1.1.6 The Norman Conquest
In 1067, William started building the Tower of London, the great fortress which demonstrated his power and dominated the city of London.
Left—Germanic attack in Rome, forcing all Roman troops to leave Britain, and thus ending the Roman occupation of the island.
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Stonehenge and its Statue
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1.1.2 Celtic Britain (8th—5th Century BC)
The name of Britain—Britons Tribal society Celtic Language (Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh)
英语国家概况 Guide to English-Speaking Countries
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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1.2.1 Great Charter (Magna Carta)
In 1154 Henry II ascended the throne Henry II reformed the courts and the laws: introduced the jury system (陪审团制度) institutionalized common law John ascended the throne in 1199. He demanded feudal taxes and army service. He was forced to sign the Magna Carta (大宪章).
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1.1.5 Danish Invasion (8th Century—1066)
the Vikings (from the Scandinavian countries: Norway, Denmark and Sweden) Alfred the Great, king of Wessex

Significance townspeople—freedom of trade and selfgovernment merchants and craftsmen—for the first time as a new political force part of the British Constitution today
A peace treaty: the eastern half of the island was to
be subject to the Danish law and come to be known as the Danelaw From 1016 to 1042, under the rule of Danish kings. In 1042, the English throne was returned to the Anglo-Saxons
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1.1.5 Danish Invasion (8th Century—1066)
• Westminster Abbey, built in1052, by the penultimate King of England, the Edward the Confessor (1042-1066)
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I
The Founding of the Nation
1.1 Roman Britain and the Anglo-Saxons
1.2 Feudal Society
1.1 Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxons
Stonehenge It is the most famous prehistoric monument in Britain and is situated on Salisbury Plain in the county of Wiltshire. People began building Stonehenge about 5,000 years ago, dragging each stone into place.