专题04 动词和动词短语(解析版)-近三年高考英语真题(2022-2024)分类汇编

专题04
动词与动词短语
飞越；飞逝；
5+1
考点动词和动词短语
1.（2024年全国甲卷完形填空）Born just before WWII,my grandmother____23____an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine.She did not have a chance to go to_school_.Like in typical families,where boys were____25____much more than girls,my grandma had to stay at home to do_housework_.The only opportunity (机会)she could seize to____27____was when her brother was having Chinese__lessons___with the family tutor.She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table,listening___closely___.
.....
This is something I____33____—her ability to open her_hands__underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.
...
My childhood is quite_happy___compared with hers.I am_grateful__that I did not need to____37____the
hardships like she did.I've never faced the problem of_education__.I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to____39____to:her stories always make my history textbooks____40____.
23.A.adjusted B.promoted C.achieved D.experienced
25.A.favored B.tolerated C.trusted D.acknowledged
27.A.exercise B.study C.explore D.teach
33.A.admire B.notice C.adopt D.value
37.A.reflect upon B.go through C.ask about D.prepare for
39.A.attend B.refer C.lead D.talk
e true e round e out e alive
【答案】23.D25.A27.B33.A37.B39.D40.D
【解析】23.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我的祖母出生在二战前夕，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。

A. adjusted调整；B.promoted促进；C.achieved完成；D.experienced经历。

根据下文“an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”可推知，此处指祖母经历的童年与作者的不同。

故选D。

25.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。

A.favored 赞成；B.tolerated容忍；C.trusted信任；D.acknowledged承认。

根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.Like in typical families”并结合语境可推知，此处指作者祖母生活的年代是重男轻女的，所以祖母才不被允许上学。

故选A。

27.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。

A. exercise锻炼；B.study学习；C.explore探索；D.teach教学。

根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此处指祖母不被允许上学，自己找机会学习。

故选B。

33.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。

A.admire钦佩；B. notice注意到；C.adopt采纳；D.value重视。

根据下文“her ability to open her______underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此处指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。

故选A。

37.考查动词短语辨析。

句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。

A.reflect upon思考；B.go through经历；C.ask about询问；D.prepare for准备。

根据上文“I am grateful that I did not need”以及下文“the hardships like she did”可推知，此处指作者感激自己不需要经历祖母经历过的那些磨难。

故选B。

39.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。

A.attend出席；B.refer参考；C.lead领导；D.talk对话、讨论。

结合上文祖母给作者讲故事，再根据上文“makes my grandmother such an amazing person”可推知，此处指祖母的经历使祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人。

talk to“与某人交谈”。

故选D。

40.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。

e true成真；e round苏醒；e out出现；e alive变得生动。

根据上文“I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to talk to:her stories always make my history textbooks”可推知，此处指作者祖母的经历和故事
丰富了作者的人生，使历史书上的故事变得生动鲜活，跃然纸上。

故选D。

2.（2024年新高考I卷完形填空）I’ve been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks’achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager,a neighborhood friend____41____a marathon race.Feeling motivated,I started running_regularly_,but then two things happened.First,a girl I met one day told me she was____43____for a “super,”referring to a52.4-mile double marathon.Then,the next day I went on my longest run—15miles.To be honest,I____44____it!Between the girl making my__achievement___seem small and the pure boredom of jogging,I decided that the only__reason__I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I____47____cycling.I got a good bike and rode a lot.I____48____of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.While she was at work one day,I____49____her bike and went for a ride.......That day,I got____52____by about100“local”bikers who were used to such roads.When I got back home,suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as_appealing__.
I’ve____54____a lot since then.I’ve come to accept that whatever__goals__I set for myself,they just have to be my own.
41.A.knew B.held C.won D.quit
43.A.asking B.looking C.waiting D.training
44.A.made B.believed C.hated D.deserved
47.A.gave up B.went on C.turned to D.dealt with
48.A.heard B.dreamed plained D.approved
49.A.painted B.borrowed C.bought D.parked
52.A.passed B.convinced C.admired D.stopped
54.A.traveled B.matured C.missed D.worried
【答案】41.C43.D44.C47.C48.B49.B52.A54.B
【解析】41.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。

A.knew知道；
B.held抓住；
C.won赢得；
D.quit退出。

根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。

故选C项。

43.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。

A.asking要求；B.looking看；C.waiting等待；D.training训练。

根据后文“referring to a52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。

故选D项。

44.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A.made制作；B.believed相信；C.hated讨厌；D.deserved 值得。

根据前文“Then,the next day I went on my longest run—15miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。

故选C项。

47.考查动词短语辨析。

句意：所以我开始骑自行车。

A.gave up放弃；B.went on继续；C.turned to转向；
D.dealt with处理。

根据前文“I decided that the only I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after
me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。

故选C项。

48.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。

A.heard听到；
B.dreamed梦想；
plained抱怨；
D.approved批准。

根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。

故选B项。

49.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。

A.painted把……描绘成；
B.borrowed借；
C.bought买；
D.parked停(车)。

根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。

故选B项。

52.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：。

那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。

A.passed 超过；B.convinced说服；C.admired欣赏；D.stopped阻止。

根据前文“I’d never faced such.”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。

故选A项。

54.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。

A.traveled旅行；B.matured(情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D.worried担心。

根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever I set for myself,they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。

故选B项。

3.（2024年新高考II卷完形填空）During my first visit to Italy,I___22___to ask for directions or order in a restaurant.But every time I tried to___23___a sentence of Italian together,the locals smiled at me and___24___ my language skills.That encouragement helped me to get through the language__barrier_.After I made Italy my permanent home,I discovered how_warm-hearted__Italians are.Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to___27___me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.It's these small__acts__ of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie,the way to my heart is through my stomach,and nowhere fuels my__appetite_quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional___dish___,and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another.Families____31____for big meals on Sundays,birthdays,and whatever other excuses they can
____32____.These meals are always____33____by laughter and joy.Whatever__disadvantages__life in Italy might have,the problems are____35____once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
22.A.planned B.struggled C.refused D.happened
23.A.string B.hang C.mix D.match
24.A.improved B.assessed C.admired D.praised
27.A.remind B.allow C.persuade D.order
31.A.gather B.cheer C.leave D.wait
32.A.put up with B.stand up for e up with D.make up for
33.A.signaled B.confirmed C.represented D.accompanied
35.A.created B.forgotten C.understood D.identified
【答案】22.B23.A24.D27.A30.B31.A32.C33.D35.B
【解析】22.考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。

A.planned
计划；B.struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C.refused拒绝；D.happened出现、发生。

根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。

故选B。

23.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。

A.string串起、连成一串；
B.hang悬挂；
C.mix混合；
D.match配对。

根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。

故选A。

24.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。

A.improved改进；
B.assessed评估；
C.admired钦佩；
D.praised赞扬。

根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。

故选D。

27.考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。

A.remind提醒；B.allow允许；C.persuade说服；D.order命令。

根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。

故选A。

31.考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。

A. gather集合；B.cheer欢呼；C.leave留下；D.wait等待。

根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。

故选A。

32.考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。

A.put up with克服；B.stand up for支持；e up with想出；D.make up for弥补。

根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。

故选C。

33.考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。

A.signaled示意；B.confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D.accompanied伴随。

根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。

固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。

故选D。

35.考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。

A.created创建；B.forgotten忘记；C.understood理解；D.identified确认。

根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have,the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。

故选B。

4.（2024年浙江卷1月完形填空）A young Chinese man____22____me on the train.My__new___friend spoke virtually no English,so I happily took the__chance__to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours,he would tell me about how he had____25____a two-year professional school to quickly find a job____26____highways in order to help support his family.Perhaps the most_remarkable_,however,was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.Without batting an eye,he would ____28____a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American_writers__as a whole.”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?”I____30____him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to____31____my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than
a few hundred miles from home.But this highly informed,____self-educated
___,and admirable person prevented me doing so.In the course of a couple of hours,he____33____me just how much one can gain from____34____with an open mind,and a willingness to____35____with locals from all walks of life.
22.A.treated B.saved C.lectured D.approached
25.A.visited B.financed C.attended D.founded
26.A.building B.sweeping C.checking D.guarding
28.A.publish B.quote C.сорy D.download
30.A.anticipate B.imagine C.recall D.catch
31.A.look into B.rely on C.go over D.deal with
33.A.asked B.warned C.showed D.promised
34.A.traveling B.reading C.searching D.teaching
35..A.cooperate B.side C.negotiate D.engage
【答案】22.D25.C26.A28.B30.C31.B33.C34.A35.D
【解析】22.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。

A.treated对待；B.saved 拯救；C.lectured演讲；D.approached靠近。

根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。

故选D。

25.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。

A.visited拜访；B.financed提供资金；C.attended 参加，上(学)；D.founded成立。

根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。

故选C。

26.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。

A.building修建；B.sweeping打扫；C.checking 检查；D.guarding守卫。

根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。

故选A。

28.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。

A.publish出版；B.quote引用；C.copy复制；D.download下载。

根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。

30.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。

A.anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C.recall记起；D.catch抓住。

根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。

故选C。

31.考查动词短语辨析。

句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。

A.look into调查；B.rely on依靠；C.go over复习；D.deal with处理。

根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。

故选B。

33.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。

A.asked询问；B.warned警告；C.showed展示；D.promised 承诺。

根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。

故选C。

34.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。

A.traveling旅行；B.reading阅读；C.searching搜索；D.teaching 教学。

根据后文“with an open mind,and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。

35.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。

A.cooperate合作；B.side边；C.negotiate协商；D.engage参与。

根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。

故选D。

5.（2023年新高考I卷）On Oct.11,hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota.Melanie Bailey should have____21____the course earlier than she did.Her__delay_came because she was carrying a_ competitor_across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper,Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her_race__when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.She____25____to help her fellow runner,Danielle Lenoue.Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with____26____.She couldn’t.Bailey then____27____to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line,then another300feet to where Lenoue could get_medical_attention.
Once there,Lenoue was____29____and later taken to a hospital,where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.She would have struggled with extreme__pain__to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey,she is more_confused___about why her act is considered a big__deal_.“She was just crying.I couldn’t____33____her,”Bailey told the reporter.“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
......
21.A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished
25.A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised
26.A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice
27.A.went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down
29.A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated
33.A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand
【答案】21.D25.C26.B27.D29.B32.D33.A
21.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。

A.designed设计；B.followed跟随；C.changed 改变；D.finished完成。

根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line,then another300feet to where Lenoue could get_____attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示
“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。

故选D。

25.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。

A.agreed同意；B.returned回来；C. stopped停止；D.promised答应。

根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。

故选C。

27.考查动词短语辨析。

句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。

A.went away离开； B.stood up站起来；C.stepped aside让路；D.bent down弯腰。

根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。

故选D。

29.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。

A.interrupted打断；B.assessed评估；C.identified识别；D.appreciated感激。

根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。

故选B。

33.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我不能离开她。

A.leave离开；B.cure治愈；C.bother打扰；D.understand理解。

根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。

可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。

故选A。

6.（2023年新高考II卷）It just___24___that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot,Karen,who ___25___to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.What I was to do was fly to Topeka to___26___Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners,they seemed very_nervous_.George,the husband,was trying to be calm,but I could tell this was__hard__for him,having to leave his dog to a__stranger_and trust that everything would
_____30_____.
After some goodbyes,I asked George and his wife to help me_____31_____Tiffy into the plane.I promised to take care of Tiffy and_____32_____them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was__uneventful__,and Tiffy was a great passenger.The next day,she_____34_____with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days.He was so___thankful____and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
24.A.appeared B.proved C.happened D.showed
25.A.waited B.offered C.hurried D.failed
26.A.see off B.look for C.hand over D.pick up
30.A.speed up B.work out e back D.take off
31.A.feed B.follow C.change D.load
32.A.call B.join C.leave D.serve
34.A.returned B.fought C.flew D.agreed
【答案】24.C25.B26.D30.B31.D32.A33.D34.C
【解析】24.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。

A.appeared出现；B.proved证明；C.happened碰巧；D.showed展示。

根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot,Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。

故选C。

25.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy 从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。

A.waited等待；B.offered提供、主动提出；C.hurried匆忙；D.failed失败。

根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。

故选B。

26.考查动词短语辨析。

句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。

A.see off为……送行；B.look for寻找；
C.hand over移交；
D.pick up接载。

根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。

故选D。

30.考查动词短语辨析。

句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。

A.speed up加速；B.work out解决；e back回来；D.take off起飞。

根据“George,the husband,was trying to be calm,but I could tell this was_____for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。

故选B。

31.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。

A.feed喂养；B.follow 跟随；C.change改变；D.load装载。

load into装入。

根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。

故选D。

32.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。

A.call打电话；B.join 加入；C.leave离开；D.serve服务。

根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。

故选A。

34.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。

A.returned返回；
B.fought打仗；
C.flew飞；
D.agreed同意。

根据“It just______that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot,Karen,who_____to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。

故选C。

7.（2023年全国甲卷）Many years ago,I bought a house in the Garfagnana,where we still go every summer.The first time we___21___there,we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike___22___its way down the hill toward us.It was_neighbor_called Mario,coming to___24_us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine....... These can’t be any_good__,we thought.But we were__thankful for__his kindness,so we___30___them.
......Nowadays supermarket tomatoes___34___perfect but taste of water.It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can___36___them easily.......
It’s good to eat things at the correct time,when they’re___38___,and as close as possible to where they were ___39___.What Mario had___40___us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
21.A.waited B.met C.camped D.stayed
22.A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling
24.A.lend B.send C.bring D.show
30.A.tried B.sold C.returned D.mixed
34.A.smell B.look C.become D.work
36.A.clean B.check C.count D.pack
39.A.finished B.stored C.found D.grown
40.A.cooked B.given C.bought D.told
【答案】21.D22.A24.C30.A33.D34.B39.D40.B
【解析】21.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。

A.waited等待；B.met遇见；C.camped露营；D.stayed暂住。

根据前文“Many years ago,I bought a house in the Garfagnana,where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。

故选D项。

22.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。

A.making使；让；B.searching搜索；C.squeezing挤压；D.feeling感觉。

根据后文“coming to us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make one’s way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。

故选A项。

24.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。

A.lend借出；
B.send发送；
C.bring带来；
D.show展示。

根据后文“It was a very nice for him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。

故选C项。

30.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。

A.tried尝试；B.sold出售；C.returned 回来；D.mixed混合。

根据后文“Those tomatoes had that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。

故选A项。

34.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。

A.smell闻起来；B.look看起来；C.become变成；D.work工作。

根据前文“not at all like the nice,round,7things you get in
a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。

故选B项。

36.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。

A.clean打扫；
B.check检查；
C.count计数；
D.pack包装。

根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。

故选D项。

39.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。

A.finished完成；B.stored贮存；C.found找到；D.grown成长。

根据前文“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。

故选D项。

40.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。

A.cooked烹饪；B.given给；C.bought 买；D.told告诉。

根据前文“It was called Mario,coming to us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。

故选B项。

8.（2023年全国乙卷）To become the Olympic champion in the individual(个人)all-around event,Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she____21____best.She had to___22___her bedroom in Virginia.She had to say
____23.goodbye____to her two dogs and to the beach,where she loved to____24____waves on her board.But it was____25.time____to take the leap(飞跃),however____26heartbreaking____it would be.Even at14, Douglas knew that.So she____27____about1,200miles away from home,to____28____with a coach from
China.She lived with a family she had never____29____and everything was new to her.
As it turned out,Douglas did____30.exactly____what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when
she____31____two Russians.The Chinese coach____32____Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the
____33.world____,helping her skyrocket from an____34.average____member of the national team to the top of the sport.By____35____the Olympic all-around title,she became the first black woman to do so.She
____36____the competition from beginning to end.She said she had felt___confident___all along that she would win.
Not so long ago,Martha Karoly the coordinator(联络人)of the women’s national team,did not think Douglas had what it____38____to be an Olympian.As time went by,she thought____39.more and more____that she could make the London Games-and win.
“I’m going to inspire so many people,”she said.“I’m ready to____40____.”And shine she did.
21.A.tried B.thought C.judged D.knew
22.A.take up B.pack up C.clean up D.do up
24.A.cause B.observe C.ride D.strike
27.A.dropped out B.moved on C.pulled over D.went off
28.A.reason B.talk pete D.train
29.A.met B.helped C.understood D.needed
31.A.defeated B.pleased C.respected D.assisted
32.A.forced B.transformed C.persuaded D.put
35.A.clarifying B.defending C.winning D.demanding
36.A.followed anized C.watched D.led
38.A.viewed B.appeared C.mattered D.took
40.A.shine B.fly C.dance D.score
【答案】21.D22.B24.C27.D28.D29.A31.A32.B35.C36. D38.D40.A
【解析】21.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。

A.tried尝试；B.thought思考；C.judged判断；D.knew知道；熟悉，了解。

由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual(个人)all-around event,Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“1,200miles away from home”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。

22.考查动词短语词义辨析。

句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。

A.take up从事；B.pack up整理；
收拾行李；C.clean up清理；D.do up装修。

由上文“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“her bedroom
in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。

24.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。

A.cause
引起；B.observe观察；C.ride骑；漂浮；D.strike打击。

由下文“waves on her board.”可知，此处表示冲浪，
ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。

27.考查动词短语词义辨析。

句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。

A.dropped out 退出；B.moved on继续。

C.pulled over靠边停车；D.went off离开。

由下文“about1,200miles away from home,”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D.
28.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。

A.reason推理；B. talk谈话；pete竞争；D.train培训。

由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual(个人) all-around event”和下文“with a coach from China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas 离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。

29.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。

A.met遇到；见过；B.helped帮助；C.understood理解；D.needed需要。

由下文“everything was new to her.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。

31.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。

A.defeated打败；B.pleased使高兴；C.respected尊敬；D.assisted帮助。

由上文“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文“the Olympic all-around title,she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。

32.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。

A.forced强迫；B.transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；C. persuaded劝说；D.put放。

由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。

35.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。

A.clarifying 分类；B.defending打败；C.winning赢得；D.demanding要求。

由下文“the Olympic all-around title,she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。

36.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。

A.followed跟随；anized组织；C.watched 观看；D.led带领；领先。

由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。

38.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。

A.viewed看待；B.appeared出现；C.mattered重要；D.took需要。

由下文“to be an Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。

40.考查动词词义辨析。

句意：“我准备好发光了”。

A.shine照耀；发光；B.fly飞行；C.dance跳舞；D.score 得分。

由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和“And shine she did.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。