人教课标版高二英语选修6unit3Section Ⅰ Warming Up 课时作业(含答案解析)

人们常说：“爱笑的人运气都不会太差！”另外，笑对人类健康的好处也得到了专家的证实，原来笑容也可以是一种“药”。

Health Benefits of Laughter
One of the best feelings in the world is laughter. It can bring people together and make amazing connections. It can change the temperature of a room from unfamiliarity
to a warm family－like atmosphere.
There is already so much to love for laughter that it seems greedy to look for
more, but that’s exactly what researchers Dr. Lee Berk and Dr. Stanley Tan at the Loma Linda University in California have done. These two doctors have researched the benefits of laughter and found amazing results. Get ready to laugh!
1.Lowers blood pressure
People who lower their blood pressure, even those who start at normal levels, will reduce their risk of stroke and heart attack. So hold the newspaper, turn to the funny pages, and enjoy your laughter medicine.
2．Reduces stress hormone(荷尔蒙) levels
By reducing the level of stress hormones, you’re cutting the anxiety and stress that affects your body at
the same time. Additionally, the reduction of stress hormones may result in higher immune system performance. Just think: Laughing along as a co－worker tells a funny joke can relieve some of the day’s stress and help you get other health benefits too.
3.Works your abs(腹肌)
One of the benefits of laughter is that it can help you tone(加强) your abs. When you are laughing, the muscles in your stomach expand and contract, similar to when you exercise your abs. Meanwhile, the muscles you are not using to laugh are getting an opportunity to relax. Add laughter to your regular ab exercise and make getting abs more enjoyable.
4.Produces a general sense of well－being
Laughter can increase your overall sense of well－being. Doctors have found that people who have a positive outlook on life tend to fight diseases better than people who tend to be more negative. So smile, laugh, and live longer!
Section ⅠWarming Up & Reading—Comprehending
[基础词汇]
1．abuse n．&v t. 滥用；虐待
2．ban v t. 禁止；取缔
n. 禁令；谴责
3．quit v t. 停止(做某事)；离开
4．desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的
5．due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的
[拓展词汇]
6．stress n．压力；重音v t.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的7．adolescent n．青少年adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期
8．addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addict n．对……有瘾的人→addictive adj.使人上瘾的9．accustom v t.使习惯于→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的
10．automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→automatically ad v.无意识地；自动地
11．mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally ad v.精神上；智力上→physical adj.身体的12．abnormal adj.畸形的；异常的→normal(反义词) adj.正常的
13．unfit adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的→fit adj.健康的
14．strengthen v t.加强；巩固；使坚强v i.变强→strength n．力量
15．disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的→disappointment n. 失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的
16．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的
1．addicted to 对……有瘾
2．over and over again 再三地；反复地
3．throw away 扔掉；抛弃
4．do damage to 伤害；损伤
5．give up 放弃；戒掉
6．due to 由于……
7．decide on 对……作出决定
8．instead of 代替；而不是
9．feel like (doing) 想要(做)……
10．accustomed to 习惯于……
1．find it＋adj.＋to do sth.
Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up(觉得戒烟很难)．
2．It’s time to do sth.该做……了
When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking(该到戒烟的时候了)．
3．as＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as...和……一样……
I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have(像我这样活得健康长寿)．
4．every time意为“每次”，引导时间状语从句
Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette(每当你想要吸烟的时候), remind yourself that you are a non­smoker.
ⅠFast-reading
Skim the text and answer the following questions.
1．What does the passage tell us?
A．Tips on how to give up smoking.
B．The harmful effects of smoking.
C．Different ways people can become addicted to smoking.
D．The reasons why a smoker becomes addicted to smoking and some advice on how to give up smoking.
答案：D
2．Find out the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1A．Leading to the topic by talking about James’ problem of smoking.
Para.2B．Introducing different ways of becoming addicted.
Para.3C．Telling the writer’s hope for his grandson and advice on stopping smoking. Para.4D．Telling the harmful effects of smoking.
Para.5E．Telling the importance of healthy life from the writer’s own life now.
答案：EABDC
ⅡCareful-reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1．How many suggestions did James’ grandfather give in the text?
A．Three.B．Four.
C．Five. D．Six.
2．From the first two sentences of the letter, we know James’ grandpa ________．
A．leads a healthy life
B．feels like seating himself in the garden
C．has nothing to do at home
D．is tired of a long bike trip
3．How did the writer try to persuade his grandson to get rid of smoking?
A．By using scientific theory.
B．By telling his own love story.
C．Through his sports activity.
D．Through his own experience.
4．From the passage, we know that ________．
A．the writer didn’t get rid of smoking
B．the writer used to be a member of the school football team
C．the writer is lonely at present
D．the writer’s suggestions came from his experience
答案：1－4.DADB
ⅢStudy－reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
该句为复合句。

It在该句中作____________主语，真正的主语是____________，且that 不能省略。

[尝试翻译]_____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：形式；that引导的从句；这好像很惊奇吧，在我这样的年纪，身体还足够健康，能在一个下午骑行20千米。

2．Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.
本句中Believe me作____________，know后跟了两个how引导的宾语从句，其句式为“how＋adj./ad v.＋主语＋谓语”，其中it为形式主语，____________为真正的主语。

[尝试翻译]_____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：插入语；不定式短语；相信我吧，我深知开始吸烟是多么容易而戒烟是多么困难。

3．I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked.
①本句是一个由________连接的并列复合句。

②前一分句是复合句，其中believed后跟省略了连接词that的宾语从句。

③后一分句也是复合句，其中think后跟that引导的宾语从句；宾语从句中又包含when引导的________状语从句。

[尝试翻译]_____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：so；时间；我(那时)认为抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快，于是我就开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。

4．When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.
①本句是一个主从复合句。

②主句是I knew it was time to quit smoking, knew后跟省略了连接词that的宾语从句。

③When引导时间状语从句，从句中又包含because引导的________状语从句。

[尝试翻译]_____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：原因；当我因为不健康而被校足球队除名之后，我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。

ADVICE FROM GRANDAD
Dear James，
It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of①the garden. I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle. It seems amazing that②at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. It’s my birthday in two weeks’ time and I’ll be 82 years old! I think my long and active life must be due to③the healthy life I live.
This brings me to the real reason for my letter, my dear grandson. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up④. Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough⑤it is to stop. You see, during adolescence⑥
I also smoked and became addicted to⑦cigarettes.
①at the end of 在……的尽头/末端
②在It seems amazing that...中，that引导主语从句，It是形式主语。

③due to由于……
due[djuːUS duː]adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的
④此处第一个it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语to give it up。

⑤tough[tʌf]adj.困难的；强硬的
⑥adolescence[ˌædə'lesəns]n.青春期
adolescent[ˌædə'lesnt]n.青少年adj.青春期的
⑦addicted to对……有瘾
addicted[ə'dIktId]adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
爷爷的忠告
亲爱的詹姆士：
今天这儿的天气很好。

我正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树底下呢。

我刚刚才回来，骑自行车跑了很长一段路，一直到了古城堡。

这好像很惊奇吧，在我这样的年纪，身体还足够健康，能在一个下午骑行20千米。

再过两个礼拜就是我82岁的生日了！我想我(之所以)长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我过的健康生活。

这就是我写信给你的真正原因，我亲爱的孙子。

你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。

相信我吧，我深知开始吸烟是多么容易而戒烟是多么困难。

你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且对烟还上了瘾。

By the way, did you know that this is because you become addicted in three different ways? First⑧，you can become physically addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes⑨. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to⑩having nicotine in it. So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal⑪symptoms. I remember feeling bad­tempered⑫and sometimes even in pain. Secondly, you become addicted through habit. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again⑬, you begin to do it automatically⑭. Lastly, you can become mentally⑮addicted. I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked. I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit⑯. But I did finally manage⑰.
⑧first和secondly, lastly等连用，表示顺序。

⑨which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰nicotine。

⑩accustomed to习惯于
accustomed[ə'kʌstəmd]adj.惯常的；习惯了的
⑪withdrawal[wIð'drɔːəl]n. 收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程
⑫bad-tempered adj. 脾气暴躁的；易怒的
⑬as 引导定语从句，if引导条件状语从句。

⑭automatically[ˌɔːtə'mætIklI]ad v.无意识地；自动地
⑮mentally['mentəlI]ad v. 精神上；智力上
⑯quit[kwIt]v t. 停止(做某事)；离开
⑰在“do/does/did＋动词原形”结构中，do/does/did为助动词，意为“确实；的确”，用于肯定句，起加强语气的作用，有人称和时态的变化。

这儿我顺便问你一个问题，你知道上瘾有三个不同方面的原因吗？首先，你会在身体上对尼古丁有瘾，它是香烟里几百种化学物质之一。

这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。

因此一旦你的体内没有这种麻醉剂了，你就会有脱瘾症状。

我记得曾
感到烦躁，有时甚至痛苦。

其次，你也可能因为习惯而上瘾。

你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事情，你就会开始自动地做它。

最后，你可能在心理上上瘾。

我(那时)认为抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快，于是我就开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。

我(之所以)上瘾共有三个方面的原因，因此，要戒烟就很难。

但是我最终还是戒掉了。

When I was young, I didn’t know much about the harmful effects⑱of smoking. I didn’t know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to⑲your heart and lungs⑳or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant○21. I certainly didn’t know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormal in some way. Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non­smokers . However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible. She said my breath and clothes smelt, and that the ends of my fingers were turning yellow . She told me that she wouldn’t go out with me again unless I stopped! I also noticed that I became breathless quickly, and that I wasn’t enjoying sport as much. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit✍ , I knew it was time to quit smoking.
I am sending you some advice I found on the Internet. It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve✌. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have .
Love from
Grandad
⑱effect[I'fekt]n.结果；效力
⑲do damage to... 对……造成伤害
⑳lung[lʌŋ]n.肺
○21pregnant['preɡnənt]adj.怀孕的
or连接两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个that可省略，但第二个that不能省略。

○22abnormal[æb'nɔːməl]adj.畸形的；异常的
○23neither位于句首，所在的句子用部分倒装结构。

○24what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。

○25smell此处为连系动词，表示“闻起来”，后常接形容词。

○26said后有两个宾语从句。

○27unless表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句。

○28breathless['breθlIs]adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的
○29take off此处意为“开除；除名”，还可作“脱掉；起飞；成名”讲。

○30unfit[ˌʌn'fIt]adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的
○31strengthen['streŋθən]v t.加强；巩固；使坚强v i.变强
○32resolve[rI'zɒlv]n.决心；决定
○33本句中第一个as为副词，修饰long和healthy，第二个as为连词，引导方式状语从句。

as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as表示“像……一样的……”。

在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。

例如，我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部，也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。

我当然不知道他们的婴儿在出生时可能体重较轻甚至在某些方面不正常。

我也不知道，我自己吸烟还会损害那些不吸烟的人的健康。

然而我的的确确知道，我的女朋友觉得我身上很难闻。

她说我的呼吸、我的衣服都有烟味，而且我的指尖都变黄了。

她说在我把烟戒掉之前她是不会再同我一起外出的！我也发现我(跑步)很快就气喘，也不像以前那样爱好运动了。

当我因为不健康而被校足球队除名时，我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。

我把我从网上找到的一些忠告寄给你。

这也许对你戒烟和坚定决心有所帮助。

我的确希望如此，因为我想让你能像我这样活得健康长寿。

爱你的爷爷
How can you stop smoking?
It is not easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and so can you . Here are a few suggestions.
·Prepare yourself. Decide on☜ a day to quit. Don’t choose a day that you know is going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam. Make a list of all the benefits you will get from stopping smoking. Then throw away your last packet☞ of cigarettes.
·Be determined. Every time you feel like☝ smoking a cigarette☟ , remind yourself that you are a non­smoker. Reread the list of benefits you wrote earlier.
○34manage to do 设法完成某件困难的事情
○35so置于句首，表示前者情况也同样适用于后者时，句子要用部分倒装结构。

○36decide on对……作出决定
decide on (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
○37packet/'pækIt/n.小包；小盒
○38feel like (doing)想要(做)……
○39every time 此处相当于连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次”。

你怎样才能戒烟呢？
戒烟不容易，但几百万的人已经成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。

这儿有几点建议：
·做好准备。

确定一个开始戒烟的日子。

不要选择你明知有压力的日子，例如要考试的
那一天。

把戒烟的所有好处列一份清单。

(在你计划戒烟的前一天，)把你最后一包香烟扔掉。

·下定决心。

每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。

把你早先所写的好处再读一遍。

·Break the habit✋. Instead of smoking a cigarette, do something else. Go for a walk, clean your teeth, drink some water, clean the house; in fact, do anything to keep your mind and especially your hands busy☺.
·Relax. If you start to feel nervous or stressed, do not reach for a cigarette. Try some deep breathing instead. Do some relaxation☹ exercises every time you feel stressed.
·Get help if you need it. Arrange to stop smoking with a friend so you can talk about your problems, or join a stop­smoking group. If you feel desperate , you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist☠ about something to help you, like nicotine chewing gum .
·Keep trying. Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking. If you weaken✈ and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed . Just try again. You will succeed eventually.
○40break the habit 改掉习惯
○41“keep＋宾语＋形容词”意为“使……处于……状态”
○42reach for 伸手去拿/够
○43relaxation[ˌr iːlæk'seIʃn]n.放松；松弛
○44desperate ['despərət]adj.绝望的；拼命的
○45chemist['kemIst]n.药剂师；化学家
○46gum[ɡʌm]n.树胶
chewing gum 口香糖
○47disappointed[ˌdIsə'pɔIntId]adj.失望的；沮丧的
○48weaken['w iːkən]v i.(对某事的决心)动摇；减弱v t.(使)变弱
○49ashamed[ə'ʃeImd]adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
·破除旧习。

不要抽烟，而去做点别的事情。

去散散步、刷刷牙、喝点水、打扫房间。

其实，只要是能使你的大脑，特别是手不得闲的事情，你都可以去做。

·放松。

如果你开始感到紧张或者有压力，不要伸手去拿香烟。

试着做做深呼吸来代替。

每当你感到有压力时，做做放松运动。

·必要时找人帮忙。

同朋友一起来安排戒烟，这样你们可以谈谈你们的问题，(你)也可以参加一个戒烟小组。

如果你的确感到很绝望，你还可以找一个医生或药剂师来谈谈关于帮助你的一些事情，如嚼含尼古丁的口香糖等。

·保持努力。

如果你不得不尝试多次戒烟才能最终把它戒掉，你也不要失望。

如果你因
意志薄弱而又吸烟了，也不要觉得难为情。

那就再努力戒就是了。

最终你会成功的。

Ⅰ阅读理解
A
Animal cafes are popular in major cities all over the world, to the delight of travelers looking to get their fix of coffee and cuteness. Featuring cats, dogs and farm animals, these animal cafes offer unforgettable experiences with the world’s cutest baristas(咖啡师)．
Ms. Bunny Cafe in Tokyo, Japan
This is a rabbit cafe located in Tokyo. Unlike the other cafes, you cannot make your reservation(预定) ahead of time, so you might have to wait for a table. This cafe also offers the unique opportunity to take one of the rabbits for a walk around the neighborhood.
Cafe Chat L’Heureux in Montreal, Canada
Featuring a dozen cats, this is a great place to play with cats and even do a little shopping for your pet back home. In addition to food and drink, the cafe also sells a variety of products that your cat might appreciate. The cafe itself is warm and is sure to please both the humans and their cats.
Dog Cafe in Los Angeles, California
Here the cafe experience is about more than just scheduling in some facetime with friendly dogs; it’s also about changing the way dogs are adopted. The Dog Cafe is part shelter(庇护所) and part animal cafe, offering an experience for visitors to connect with rescue dogs, help socialize them, and maybe even take one home.
Meow Parlour in New York, New York
In New York, you’ll find one of the best and cleanest cat cafes in Chinatown at Meow Parlour. This cafe not only offers plenty of snacks for you and the cats, it also puts on special events like yoga and Bingo night. And it has special hours for families with children when the staff can pay extra attention to the cats and the kids.
【解题导语】本文向游客们推荐了几个位于世界各地的特色宠物咖啡厅。

1．Ms. Bunny Cafe in Tokyo allows customers to____________．
A．bring their own food
B．book a seat in advance
C．take a pet to the street
D．play with pets at home
C解析：细节理解题。

根据第二段最后一句This cafe...take one of the rabbits for a walk around the neighborhood.可知，Ms. Bunny Cafe允许顾客把宠物兔带到街上散步。

2．What can we know about Cafe Chat L’Heureux in Montreal?
A．It provides no snacks or coffee.
B．It welcomes both customers and cats.
C．No one is allowed to feed cats here.
D．You can buy yourself some clothes here.
B解析：推理判断题。

根据第三段最后一句The cafe itself is warm and is sure to please both the humans and their cats.可推断，Cafe Chat L’Heureux欢迎顾客和猫光顾。

3．In which cafe can you join some themed activities?
A．Ms. Bunny Cafe in Tokyo.
B．Cafe Chat L’Heureux in Montreal.
C．Meow Parlour in New York.
D．Dog Cafe in Los Angeles.
C解析：细节理解题。

根据最后一段的it also puts on special events like yoga and Bingo night 可知，在Meow Parlour可以参加一些主题活动。

B
Researchers found that people’s attitudes toward three personality characteristics—laziness, impatience and prudence(谨慎) have a strong social influence.
Prudence is a preference for avoiding risks, such as choosing a sure reward rather than a reward that may be greater but riskier to achieve. Impatience is a preference for options that involve little delay and a strong desire for a payoff(回报) now rather than later. Lazy people are those who usually measure whether the possible rewards are worth the effort.
Typically, these three personality characters are thought of as entrenched characters. They are difficult to change. The new study, however, suggests that this is not the case: People may unknowingly change their attitudes toward risk, delay or effort according to the attitudes of others.
In the study, participants were asked to choose between two things. Next, they were asked to guess someone else’s decisions on a similar task, and then they were told which choice this other participant had made. Last, they were asked to make their own decisions. The researchers found that after the participants observed the attitudes of others on the task, their own choices about putting in an effort, waiting during a delay or taking a risk moved toward that of others.
Researchers suggested that people follow others so their behavior might seem like individuals in that group. This means that their desire to feel as though they belong to a group will be met. A few people may think others possess some form of private information about how to best behave in a social context.
The three characters guide how people make decisions that involve taking a risk, delaying an action and making an effort. Whether people choose to make their own choices in life or base their
choices on the attitudes of others, they have to be responsible for these choices.
【解题导语】谨慎、不耐烦和懒惰这几种常见的性格特点在社会层面上对他人有很大的影响。

4．What do we know about people with the three personality characteristics?
A．Lazy people don’t like rewards.
B．Prudent people seldom take risks.
C．Impatient people get more rewards than lazy people.
D．Prudent people are more successful than impatient people.
B解析：细节理解题。

根据第二段首句Prudence...choosing a sure reward rather than a reward that may be greater but riskier to achieve.可知，谨慎的人很少去冒险。

5．What does the underlined word “entrenched”in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Deep－rooted.B．Highly－trained.
C．Satisfying. D．Surprising.
A解析：词义猜测题。

根据第三段的They are difficult to change...this is not the case: People may unknowingly change their attitudes...可知，这三种性格特点是不容易改变的，可推测entrenched意为“稳固的，根深蒂固的”。

6．We can learn from Paragraph 4 that participants of the study________．
A．failed to make any decisions
B．didn’t make the right decisions
C．failed to make independent decisions
D．could easily guess others’ decisions
C解析：推理判断题。

根据第四段的...their own choices about ... moved toward that of others.可知，这些参加者会模仿别人的选择，即没有做出独立的决定。

7．Why do people develop the mentioned decision－making habits?
A．They are afraid of making decisions.
B．They need a sense of belongingness.
C．They want to protect their private information.
D．They have no abilities of thinking alone.
B解析：推理判断题。

根据第五段的This means that their desire to feel as though they belong to a group will be met.可知，人们做决定时习惯模仿别人是因为他们需要在集体中获得一种
归属感。

C
You know you need to eat more vegetables, so vegetable chips(蔬菜
片) seem like what you’ve been looking for. After all, it’s easy to finish a
whole bag due to their taste and still feel good about yourself. Such a
healthy snack seems too good to be true—because it is.
Nutritionist Charlotte Stirling－Reed worked with kitchen brand
Wren Kitchens to take a look at the facts behind vegetable chips’ health halo(光环). Her research found vegetable chips aren’t any better than potato chips. In fact, they could be worse.
A bag of vegetable chips might actually be only 65 percent vegetables, and the rest is just oil and salt. “The concern with products that are often seen as healthier alternatives(替代品) is that they don’t always match up to their reputations，”Stirling－Reed said. Most of them are cooked with sunflower oil. It is commonly used in fried food, fast－food, packaged and processed foods. Sunflower oil is high in omega－6 fatty acids(脂肪酸). Our bodies do need some of those acids, but most people have too much of them. Studies have linked too many omega－6s with fatness, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s, and more.
Thinking of potato chips as a guilty pleasure, you might hold back a bit. But when it comes to vegetable chips, you finish half the bag without thinking twice. “There is a danger that people may eat more of a product if they consider it to be healthier and clean，”said Stirling－Reed. “In this case, c hanging your attitude is quite important.”
Ideally, you should replace the processed snacks with fresh fruits and vegetables, yogurt, or nuts, according to Stirling－Reed. If only chips will satisfy you, make your own at home. That way, you’re in charge of how much or little oil goes in. Start with one of these clean chips.
【解题导语】人们总认为含有蔬菜成分的蔬菜片很健康，但高油盐的蔬菜片实际上并不那么健康。

8．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A．Vegetable chips can replace vegetables.
B．Potato chips taste better than vegetable chips.
C．People usually consider vegetable chips to be healthy.
D．Most people eat less vegetable chips now.
C解析：推理判断题。

根据第一段的so vegetable chips(蔬菜片) seem like what you’ve been looking for ... finish a whole bag due to their taste和第二段的take a look at the facts behind vegetable chips’ health halo(光环)可推测，人们通常认为蔬菜片很健康。

9．What do we know about omega－6 fatty acids?
A．They lead to various diseases.
B．They are harmful in high amount.
C．They are unnecessary for the body.
D．They ruin the quality of packaged food.
B解析：细节理解题。

根据第三段的Our bodies do need some of those acids, but most people have too much of them.可知，大量的omega－6是有害健康的。

10．What’s implied in the last paragraph?
A．Homemade chips are a good choice.
B．We’d better only have chips at home.
C．We should stop eating chips from now on.
D．Chips made of fresh vegetables are healthy.
A解析：推理判断题。

根据最后一段的If only chips will satisfy you, make your own at home... how much or little oil goes in.可推测，如果难以戒掉这些产品，家庭自制的薯片会是个相对不错的选择。

11．What can be the best title of the passage?
A．What Kind of Chips Should We Eat
B．What Do We Know About Sunflower Oil
C．Not All Vegetables Are Good for Our Health
D．Vegetable Chips Are Not as Healthy as You Think
D解析：标题归纳题。

根据文章内容，本文主要是讲蔬菜片并不像人们认为的那样健康。

Ⅱ七选五
It is common to experience culture shock when living in a foreign country for a period of time. Here are some ways to overcome culture shock in a foreign country.
Keep an open mind. 1.________Withholding(保留) judgment will allow you to be an objective observer and will help understand different things. Also, if you are going to a country which you know nothing about, do a little background information. As you learn about the country where you are going, keeping an open mind is necessary.
2.________Do not explain behavior from the view of your own society. Behavior is not data. For example, Americans often use the phrase “How are you？”to mean “hello” or “I notice you as I pass you in the hall”. Americans often walk away directly before one has a chance to answer the question. Foreigners may wonder why people walk away before the question about one’s health gets answered.
3.________But an American would not be upset that someone did not
respond to this question.
Do not take cultural familiarity or knowledge at face－value(表面意义). Even as you become familiar with customs in your new environment, be careful not to base an explanation on what you now believe you know. 4.________It takes a long time to really understand a culture in its social and historical context.
5.________Don’t be too hard on yourself if you don’t know what to do in a social situation. Laugh at yourself and others will laugh with you. Most individuals will admire your effort to understand them, even in funny ways.
A．Have a sense of humor.
B．Keep in touch with your friends.
C．They may think the behavior to be rude.
D．This helps you better understand a stranger.
E．Do not think anything that is different to be wrong.
F．Learn about the social behavior of a new environment.
G．A little knowledge can give you the wrong understanding.
【解题导语】本文介绍了如何处理在一个陌生国家会遇到的文化冲击。

1．E解析：本句承上启下。

前文提到要保持眼界开阔，后文提到保留评论可以让你站在客观旁观者的角度理解不同的事物，可知此处是提醒人们不要把与众不同的事物认定为错的。

2．F解析：本句是本段的主旨句。

后文先提到不要以自己所处社会的视角来解读行为，再列举外国人对美国人行为的误解，由此可知本段主要侧重谈论社会行为，是建议人们学习新环境的社会行为。

3．C解析：本句承上启下。

由前文可知“How are you？”对美国人只是简单的问候语，而外国人觉得这是问候健康情况；后文用转折语气提到美国人得不到对方回应也不会在意，可推测此处是指外国人可能会认为这种行为不礼貌。

4．G解析：本句承接上文并对下文的内容做铺垫。

上文提到在文化理解方面不能流于表面，后文提到需要很长时间来理解某一文化，可知此处是指出理解浅显的不利之处。

5．A解析：本句概括了本段的主要内容。

根据下文的Laugh at yourself and others will laugh with you...even in funny ways.可知，此处是说要有幽默感。