中考状语从句 教学案

中考状语从句教学案时间状语从句
地点状语从句
☆地点状语从句与定语从句的区别
1. where 引导状语从句直接修饰；
2. 在定语从句中where 作为关系副词要跟在后。

例子：Go back where you came from. ( ) Go back to the village where you came. ( )
原因状语从句
条件状语从句
★易错点
2. 祈使句，+ 简单句。

祈使句相当于一个由if 引导的条件状语从句：用引导的简单句常表示一个较好的结果，用引导的简单句常表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果。

结果状语从句
练习：
1. The boy is young that he can't go to school.
2. He is a young boy that he can't go to school.
3. There are many people on the street that I don’t want to go out.
4. It is a little mice that we can’t catch it.
5. She is nice a girl that everyone loves her.
6. She is a nice girl that everyone loves her.
目的状语从句
★ in order to & so as to
1. in order to/so as to + 。

此时in order to 后面加的被称作目的状语。

例句：He got up early in order to take the first bus.
= He got up early in order that he could take the first bus.
2. in order to 和so as to 区别：可放句首；不可放句首。

例句：He got up early in order to/so as to take the first bus.
In order to take the first bus, he got up early.
让步状语从句
方式状语从句
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读理解
When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings (缺点). Sometimes she said I was thin. Sometimes she said I was lazy. Sometimes she said I wasn't a good student. Sometimes she said I talked too much, and so on. I tried to put up with(忍受) her as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes. He listened to me quietly, and then he asked, "Are the things she said true or not? Mary, didn't you ever wonder what you're really like? Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said." I did as he told me and to my surprise, I found that about half the things were true. I brought the list back to my dad. He refused to take it. "That's just for you," he said. "You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. When something said about you is true, you'll find it will be helpful to you. Don't shut your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you think is right. "Many years have passed. The situation often appears in my mind. In our life we often meet with some trouble and we often go to someone and ask for advice. For some advice you will treasure all your life!
（1）How did the writer feel when her friend pointed out her shortcomings at first?
A. Happy.
B. Thankful.
C. Unhappy.
D. Nothing.
（2）What did the writer's father do after he heard her complaints(抱怨)?
A. He agreed with her "enemy".
B. He let her continue to put up with her "enemy".
C. He told her to write down all her "enemy" had said about her.
D. He told her not to pay attention to what her "enemy" had said.
（3）The writer felt _______ when she did the things as her father had told her.
A. surprised
B. angry
C. disappointed
D. sad
（4）Which of the following can we know from the passage?
A. The "enemy" thought the writer was pretty.
B. The "enemy" thought the writer studied hard.
C. The writer and her "enemy" became best friends at last.
D. The writer is thankful to her father.
（5）Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. My Parents
B. A Good Friend
C. An Enemy
D. The Best Advice
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
（5）D
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要讲述了作者得到爸爸给她的让她终身受益的建议。

（1）细节题，根据文章When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings (缺点)和I tried to put up with(忍受) her as long as I could.可知，作者当她的朋友指出她的缺点时，她非常的不开心，A开心的，B感激的，D没什么，均不符合题意，故选C。

（2）推断题，根据文中Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true.可知，爸爸建议作者把朋友提到的这些缺点列出来，标出哪些是正确的。

可知C项与原文意思一致，故选C。

（3）细节题，根据文章I did as he told me and to my surprise, I found that about half the things were true.可知，作者按照爸爸告诉她的去做后，感到非常惊讶。

A惊讶的，B生气的，C失望的，D伤心的，A符合题意，故选A。

（4）推断题，根据文章末句For some advice you will treasure all your life!可知，作者认为爸爸的建议很珍贵。

D项作者很感激她的爸爸，所以该选项正确。

根据文章内容可知，The "enemy"指出了作者的很多缺点，所以A 项错误。

B和C项文章并未提到，故选D。

（5）主旨题，纵观全文以及文章的末尾两句点题，主要介绍了爸爸给自己提的很珍贵并让自己受益终生的建议。

A、B、C项文章均有提到，但是都很片面，不是全文的主旨，所以The best advice最符合题意，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，注意细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．根据短文理解，选择正确答案。

I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives( 观点 ) by creating worlds we could step into, take
part in and live in.
With this belief, I, at fourteen, decided to become a writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other people's writing can one discover what works, what doesn't and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has.
Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is to read books. Reading reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn't necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.
（1）What can be inferred about the author as a child?
A. He never watched TV.
B. He found reading unbelievable.
C. He considered reading part of his life.
D. He read what he had to.
（2）The underlined word “voice” in the second paragraph most probably means “________”.
A. a belief
B. a way of writing
C. a sound quality
D. a world to write about
（3）What effect does reading have on the author?
A. It opens up a wider world for him.
B. It helps him to realize his dream.
C. It makes his college life more interesting.
D. It increases his interest in worldwide travel.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title of this text?
A. How do I read?
B. What do I read?
C. Why do I read?
D. When do I read?
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】作者从小的时候就非常喜欢阅读，这个习惯也让他有了成为一名作家的想法。

而这一梦想反过来又更加督促他去更多的阅读，因为这样他才能表达自己的思想。

作者觉得阅读对于他来说是很重要的。

（1）推理判断题。

根据短文第一段中I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing可知，作者从小生活在一个很少开电视，却有很多书的家庭里，他童年的大多数时候都是在读书中度过的，他觉得读书就像呼吸一样的自然。

由此可知，作者觉得读书是他生活的一部分。

故应选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据短文中Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with.可知，作者想要成为一名作家，他觉得每个作家都是以阅读开始的，这样他才能找到正确
的方式去表达自己的想法。

因此这里的voice指的就是一个作家的写作方式。

故应选B。

（3）推理判断题。

根据短文的最后一段Reading reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn't necessarily be able to have in my lifetime可知，阅读对于作者来说是非常重要的，它可带着作者穿过海洋，沿着丝绸之路，去体验令人激动的经历，这些经历可能在作者的一生中不会拥有的。

因此选项中A选项最符合文意，阅读给作者打开了更广阔的世界。

故选A
（4）主旨大意题。

这篇短文介绍的是作者从小的时候开始就非常喜欢阅读，这个爱好还让作者想要成为一名作家，而这个梦想反过来又让作者读得更多，到大学的时候，作者意识到了阅读是多么的重要。

因此文章的主题是作者为什么阅读，不是怎样读、读什么或什么时候读。

故应选C。

【点评】这篇短文介绍了作者为什么喜欢阅读，整篇短文的内容不是很难理解，但是后面的题目需要学生对文章的主题有深层次的理解才能做出来因此理解文章的主题、了解作者的写作意图是做题的关键。

例如第2小题，划线的这个单词voice本意是声音，但是在文章里，它肯定不是这个意思。

根据这一段的意思可知，作者因为喜欢阅读而有了一个梦想，就是成为作家。

而想要成为作家，要去表达自己的思想，就需要更多的去阅读，这样他才能找到自己的写作方式。

因此这里的voice不是说出来的声音，而是作家笔下写出来的、能表达自己思想的声音，也就是作家的写作方式，因此应选B。

3．阅读理解
There was a man who had four sons. He wanted his sons to learn to not judge things too quickly. So he sent them each on a quest, in turn, to go and look at a pear tree that was a great distance away. The first son went in the winter, the second in the spring, the third in summer, and the youngest son in the fall.
When they had all gone and come back, he called them together to describe what they had seen. The first son said that the tree was ugly, bent, and twisted. The second son said no - it was covered with green buds and full of promise. The third son disagreed, he said it was laden with blossoms that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful, it was the most graceful thing he had ever seen. The last son disagreed with all of them; he said it was ripe and drooping with fruit, full of life and fulfillment.
The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, because they had each seen but one season in the tree's life.
He told them that you cannot judge a tree, or a person, by only one season, and that the essence of who they are - and the pleasure, joy, and love that come from that life - can only be measured at the end, when all the seasons are up.
If you give up when it's winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the beauty of your summer, fulfillment of your fall. Don't let the pain of one season destroy the joy of all the rest.
（1）From the last paragraph we learn that we _______.
A. shouldn,t give up too quick
B. should love our life
C. shouldn,t waste our time
D. should listen to the old
（2）From the passage we can infer that _______.
A. The father is kind.
B. The father is wise.
C. The father is hard-working.
D. The father is patient.
（3）Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Four sons looked at a pear tree at the same time.
B. The first son said the tree was not beautiful.
C. The youngest son said the tree was full of life and fulfillment.
D. Their father said they were all right.
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. A father and his four sons
B. Four Seasons of a Tree
C. How to judge others
D. Unusual journeys
（5）Where can the passage be taken from?
A. a fashion magazine
B. a math book
C. the Internet
D. a scientific report
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：父亲为了让四个儿子学会不能太快速的判断某个事物，就让他们分别在春夏秋冬去看梨树的样子。

（1）推理判断题：根据“If you give up when it's winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the beauty of your summer, fulfillment of your fall. Don't let the pain of one season destroy the joy of all the rest.”可知我们不能太快地放弃，否则你看不到全部的乐趣，故选A。

（2）推理判断题：结合全文大意：父亲为了让四个儿子学会不能太快速的判断某个事物，就让他们分别在春夏秋冬去看梨树的样子。

果然四个孩子都只说出了自己去的那个季节的样子，可见父亲这个做法很有效果，很机智，故选B。

（3）细节理解题：根据文中“The first son went in the winter, the second in the spring, the third in summer, and th e youngest son in the fall.”可知他们是在不同的季节去看的梨树，故选A。

（4）主旨大意题：根据全文大意，父亲为了让四个儿子学会不能太快速的判断某个事物，就让他们分别在春夏秋冬去看梨树的样子，四个孩子回来的时候也说出了当季的梨树样子，最后两段也多次提到季节，故选B。

（5）推理判断题，这是一篇夹叙夹议的记叙文，小小故事蕴涵大道理，A时尚杂志，B数学书，D科学报告，均和原文不符合，故选C。

【点评】这是一篇记叙文，富含人生道理，考查学生快速从中获取信息，分析问题的能力。

4．阅读理解
I was travelling alone through the UK. To reach places that were off the public transportation map, I bought an old car, which cost most of my money. I couldn't afford to stay in a hotel, so I had to camp in my car for the rest of the trip.
One morning I woke up in my old car on a country road in Ireland and saw a single house, The water in my thermos(保温瓶) had gone cold, so I knocked on the door of the house. A woman opened it. I asked her for some hot water. But she
wouldn't let me get away with just that! I was invited indoors. She asked me to sit at the table and have breakfast with her family. They filled my thermos before I left.
I was greatly moved. And I decided to pass the kindness on. The other day I met a young man who had been driving around to look for a parking lot. He looked increasingly upset. I was glad that I was able to point one out to him. His thankful smile was the hugest reward(奖赏) for me.
（1）The writer bought the car in order to ______________.
A. serve the public
B. travel more easily
C. take the trip alone
D. save more money
（2）Why did the writer camp in his car?
A. He was short of money.
B. It was his habit.
C. He could have a better rest.
D. It would be warmer.
（3）The writer asked the woman for ______________.
A. a map
B. a thermos
C. some hot water
D. a light breakfast
（4）How did the young man feel at last?
A. Funny.
B. Upset.
C. Disappointed.
D. Thankful.
（5）What's the main idea of the text?
A. Travelling alone is interesting.
B. Sharing food is a pleasure.
C. Kindness is the sunshine in life.
D. Smile is important to everyone.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者去英国旅行时，负担不起待在旅馆，所以在车里待了一晚，第二天发现保温瓶里的水变凉了，所以去借水，一个女士让作者一起吃早饭，作者备受感动，决定把友善传递下去。

（1）细节题。

根据To reach places that were off the public transportation map, I bought an old car, which cost most of my money.为了到达公共交通地图上找不到的地方，我买了一辆旧车，花了我大部分的钱，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据I couldn't afford to stay in a hotel, so I had to camp in my car for the rest of the trip.可知作者负担不起待在旅馆里，所以不得不待在车里，即缺钱，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据I asked her for some hot water.可知作者和她要热水，故选C。

（4）推断题。

根据I was greatly moved. And I decided to pass the kindness on.我很感动。

我决定把仁慈传给他，即感谢的，故选D。

（5）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了作者去英国旅行时，负担不起待在旅馆，所以在车里待了一晚，第二天发现保温瓶里的水变凉了，所以去借水，一个女士让作者一起吃早饭，作者备受感动，决定把友善传递下去。

故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解
The word, "photography", was first used in 1839. It comes from the Greek words that mean "to write with light". But
photography could only give people static pictures. So scientists were trying hard to find ways to make pictures that can move. They made lots of experiments, but failed again and again. It was Eadweard Muybridge who finally succeeded. He was the first photographer to try this successfully. But how did he make it? It was an interesting story.
Back in 1872, people didn't know exactly(确切地) whether all four of a horse's hooves(蹄) left the ground at the same time when it was running. A gentleman called Leland Stanford made a bet with his friend about it. Most people believed that a horse always had one hoof on the ground, or it would fall over. But Stanford didn't think so.
At that time, it was hard to know who could win the bet, because a horse's legs move so fast that it is impossible to tell just by looking. So they needed a way to record the movement of a running horse. Then Stanford offered $ 25,000 to the famous photographer, Muybridge, to help find the answer. In the beginning, Muybridge failed to get clear images, but he didn't give up. He continued to improve his cameras. In 1878, after many experiments, he managed to get a sequence(连续) of 12 photos. One of them clearly showed that all four of the horse's hooves were off the ground at the same time. And when the photos moved fast, people could see a horse running.
Though Edison is usually considered as the person who created the first movie in 1889, it was the work of Eadweard Muybridge and the bet that led to Edison's invention.
（1）The underlined word "static" in Paragraph 1 most probably means .
A. pretty
B. dark
C. moving
D. still
（2）What did Leland Stanford make a bet with his friend about?
A. Whose horse ran faster.
B. Whether a horse would fall over while running.
C. Whether it was possible for scientists to make moving pictures.
D. Whether a horse's hooves all left the ground at the same time while running.
（3）Muybridge finally found the exact answer to the bet in .
A. 1839
B. 1872
C. 1878
D. 1889
（4）The passage mainly tells us .
A. that Thomas Edison created the first movie
B. that Eadweard Muybridge created the first static pictures
C. how photography helped people know more about animals
D. how Eadweard Muybridge got pictures of motion(移动) successfully
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了 Eadweard Muybridge拍到移动的照片的故事。

（1）词义猜测题。

根据下文 So scientists were trying hard to find ways to make pictures that can move. 所以科学家很努力地尝试找到让照片动起来的方法，可知以前的照片是静止的，static意为still“静止的”。

故选D。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第二段Back in 1872, people didn't know exactly(确切地) whether all four of a horse's hooves(蹄) left the ground at the same time when it was running. 可知， Leland Stanford和朋友打赌马在奔跑的时候是不是四只马蹄都离地。

故选D。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第三段 In 1878, after many experiments, he managed to get a sequence(连续) of 12 photos. 可
知，直到1878年， Muybridge ，才设法拍到连续的12张照片。

故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了 Eadweard Muybridge拍到移动的照片的故事。

故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。